Home | History | Annotate | Download | only in process_stress 
      1 /*
      2  *
      3  *   Copyright (c) International Business Machines  Corp., 2001
      4  *
      5  *   This program is free software;  you can redistribute it and/or modify
      6  *   it under the terms of the GNU General Public License as published by
      7  *   the Free Software Foundation; either version 2 of the License, or
      8  *   (at your option) any later version.
      9  *
     10  *   This program is distributed in the hope that it will be useful,
     11  *   but WITHOUT ANY WARRANTY;  without even the implied warranty of
     12  *   MERCHANTABILITY or FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE.  See
     13  *   the GNU General Public License for more details.
     14  *
     15  *   You should have received a copy of the GNU General Public License
     16  *   along with this program;  if not, write to the Free Software
     17  *   Foundation, Inc., 51 Franklin Street, Fifth Floor, Boston, MA 02110-1301 USA
     18  */
     19 
     20 #include <sys/mman.h>
     21 #include <ctype.h>
     22 #include <errno.h>
     23 #include <signal.h>
     24 #include <stdarg.h>
     25 #include <stdio.h>
     26 #include <stdlib.h>
     27 #include <string.h>
     28 #include <time.h>
     29 #include <unistd.h>
     30 
     31 #ifndef _LINUX
     32 			/* LINUX INCLUDES */
     33 #include <sys/mode.h>
     34 #include <sys/timers.h>
     35 #else
     36 #include <sys/stat.h>
     37 #include <sys/time.h>
     38 #include <sys/ipc.h>
     39 #endif
     40 #include <sys/msg.h>
     41 #include <sys/resource.h>
     42 #include <sys/select.h>
     43 #include <sys/sem.h>
     44 #include <sys/shm.h>
     45 #include <sys/types.h>
     46 #include <sys/wait.h>
     47 #include "lapi/semun.h"
     48 
     49 /* indexes into environment variable array */
     50 #define ADBG 0
     51 #define BNDX 1
     52 #define DNDX 2
     53 #define TNDX 3
     54 #define MAXBVAL 70
     55 #define MAXDVAL 11
     56 #define SLOTDIR "./slot/"
     57 
     58 #ifdef _LINUX
     59 			/* LINUX #defnes */
     60 #ifndef TRUE
     61 #define TRUE 1
     62 #endif
     63 #ifndef FALSE
     64 #define FALSE 0
     65 #endif
     66 #endif
     67 
     68 #if defined _LINUX && defined DEBUG
     69 #define prtln()	printf("At line number: %d\n", __LINE__); \
     70 		fflush(NULL)
     71 #define dprt(fmt, args...) printf(fmt, ## args)
     72 #else
     73 #define prtln()
     74 #define dprt(fmt, args...)
     75 #endif
     76 
     77 /* aliases for environment variable entries */
     78 #define    AUSDEBUG  (*edat[ADBG].eval.vint)	/* debug value */
     79 #define    BVAL  (*edat[BNDX].eval.vint)	/* # of childern per parent */
     80 #define    DVAL  (*edat[DNDX].eval.vint)	/* depth of process tree */
     81 #define    TVAL  (*edat[TNDX].eval.vint)	/* timer value */
     82 
     83 #ifdef _LINUX
     84 typedef long mtyp_t;
     85 #endif
     86 
     87 /* structure of information stored about each process in shared memory */
     88 typedef struct proc_info {
     89 #ifdef __64LDT__
     90 	pid_t pid;		/* process id */
     91 	pid_t ppid;		/* parent process id */
     92 #else
     93 	int pid;		/* process id */
     94 	int ppid;		/* parent process id */
     95 #endif
     96 	int msg;		/* parent process id */
     97 	int err;		/* error indicator */
     98 	int *list;		/* pointer to list of parent and sibling slot locations */
     99 } Pinfo;
    100 
    101 typedef struct messagebuf {
    102 	mtyp_t mtyp;		/* message type */
    103 	char mtext[80];		/* message text */
    104 } Msgbuf;
    105 
    106 union semun semarg;
    107 
    108 /* structure of all environment variable used by program */
    109 struct envstruct {
    110 	char *env_name;
    111 	union {
    112 		char *chptr;
    113 		int *vint;
    114 	} eval;
    115 } envdata[] = {
    116 	{
    117 		"AUSDBG", {
    118 	"0"}}, {
    119 		"BVAL", {
    120 	"3"}}, {
    121 		"DVAL", {
    122 	"2"}}, {
    123 		"FORCE", {
    124 	"0"}}, {
    125 		"TVAL", {
    126 	"1"}}, {
    127 		"", {
    128 	""}}
    129 };
    130 
    131 char *errfile;			/* pointer to errfile name */
    132 
    133 int msgid;			/* message queue for leaf nodes */
    134 int msgerr;			/* message queue for errors */
    135 int nodesum;			/* total number of process to be created */
    136 int sem_count;			/* counter semaphore */
    137 int sem_lock;			/* locks access to counter semaphore */
    138 int shmid;			/* global shared memory id varible */
    139 int procgrp;			/* process group id */
    140 
    141 timer_t timer;			/* timer structure */
    142 
    143 Pinfo *shmaddr;			/* Start address  of shared memory */
    144 
    145 #ifndef _LINUX
    146 FILE *errfp = stderr;		/* error file pointer, probably not necessary */
    147 FILE *debugfp = stderr;		/* debug file pointer, used if AUSDEBUG set */
    148 #else
    149 #define errfp stderr
    150 #define debugfp stderr
    151 #endif
    152 
    153 struct envstruct *edat = envdata;	/* pointer to environment data */
    154 
    155 /* external function declarations */
    156 extern int killpg(int procgrp, int sig);
    157 extern timer_t gettimerid(int Timer_type, int Notify_type);
    158 extern int reltimerid(timer_t timer);
    159 
    160 /* internal function declarations */
    161 void cleanup(int sig, int code, struct sigcontext *scp);
    162 void nextofkin(int sig, int code, struct sigcontext *scp);
    163 void doit(void);
    164 void debugout(char *fmt, ...);
    165 int getenv_val(void);
    166 void messenger(void);
    167 void nextofkin(int sig, int code, struct sigcontext *scp);
    168 int notify(int slot);
    169 void parse_args(int argc, char *argv[]);
    170 void print_shm(void);
    171 Pinfo *put_proc_info(int tval);
    172 void rm_msgqueue(void);
    173 void rm_semseg(void);
    174 void rm_shmseg(void);
    175 int semoper(int slot, int smid, int opval);
    176 int send_message(int id, mtyp_t type, char *text);
    177 void set_timer(void);
    178 void set_signals(void *sighandler());
    179 void setup_msgqueue(void);
    180 void setup_semaphores(void);
    181 void setup_shm(void);
    182 void severe(char *fmt, ...);
    183 Pinfo *shmgetseg(void);
    184 int spawn(int val);
    185 unsigned long sumit(int B, int D);
    186 
    187 /*
    188  *  Prints out the data structures in shared memory.
    189  */
    190 void print_shm(void)
    191 {
    192 	extern int nodesum;	/* total number of nodes created */
    193 	extern Pinfo *shmaddr;	/* shared memory pointer */
    194 	extern int shmid;	/* shared memory id */
    195 
    196 	Pinfo *pinfo;		/* pointer to process info in shared memory */
    197 	int *listp;		/* pointer to sibling info in shared memory */
    198 	int i, j;		/* counters */
    199 	struct shmid_ds buf;
    200 
    201 	if (shmctl(shmid, IPC_STAT, &buf))
    202 		return;
    203 
    204 	for (pinfo = shmaddr, i = 0; i < nodesum; i++, pinfo++) {
    205 		fprintf(errfp,
    206 			"slot: %-4d pid: %-6d ppid: %-6d msg: %-2d err: %-2d lst:",
    207 			i, pinfo->pid, pinfo->ppid, pinfo->msg, pinfo->err);
    208 		for (j = 0, listp = pinfo->list; j < BVAL; j++, listp++)
    209 			fprintf(errfp, " %d", *listp);
    210 		fprintf(errfp, "\n");
    211 	}
    212 }
    213 
    214 /*
    215  *  Generalized send routine.  Sends a message on message queue.
    216  */
    217 int send_message(int id, mtyp_t type, char *text)
    218 {
    219 	int rc;
    220 
    221 	Msgbuf sndbuf;
    222 
    223 	strcpy(sndbuf.mtext, text);
    224 	sndbuf.mtyp = type;
    225 	while (TRUE) {
    226 		rc = msgsnd(id, &sndbuf, sizeof(struct messagebuf), IPC_NOWAIT);
    227 		if (rc == -1 && errno == EAGAIN) {
    228 			debugout("msgqueue %d of mtyp %d not ready to send\n",
    229 				 msgid, type);
    230 			errno = 0;
    231 		} else
    232 			return (rc);
    233 	}
    234 }
    235 
    236 /*
    237  *  Sends error message to initial parent (messenger).i
    238  */
    239 void severe(char *fmt, ...)
    240 {
    241 	va_list args;
    242 	int rc;
    243 	char mtext[80];
    244 	extern int msgerr;
    245 
    246 	va_start(args, fmt);
    247 	vsprintf(mtext, fmt, args);
    248 	va_end(args);
    249 
    250 	rc = send_message(msgerr, 2, mtext);
    251 	if (rc == -1) {
    252 		perror("cannot send message to msgerr");
    253 		exit(1);
    254 	}
    255 }
    256 
    257 /*
    258  *  if AUSDEBUG set will print information to file associated with slot number.
    259  */
    260 void debugout(char *fmt, ...)
    261 {
    262 	va_list args;
    263 
    264 	if (AUSDEBUG) {
    265 		va_start(args, fmt);
    266 		vfprintf(debugfp, fmt, args);
    267 		va_end(args);
    268 	}
    269 }
    270 
    271 /*
    272  *  Remove message queues.
    273  */
    274 void rm_msgqueue(void)
    275 {
    276 	extern int msgid;
    277 
    278 	/* remove message queue id. */
    279 	if (msgctl(msgid, IPC_RMID, NULL) && errno != EINVAL) {
    280 		fprintf(errfp, "msgctl failed msgid: errno %d\n", errno);
    281 		perror("msgctl failed");
    282 	}
    283 
    284 	/* remove message queue id. */
    285 	if (msgctl(msgerr, IPC_RMID, NULL) && errno != EINVAL) {
    286 		fprintf(errfp, "msgctl failed msgerr: errno %d\n", errno);
    287 		perror("msgctl failed");
    288 	}
    289 }
    290 
    291 /*
    292  *  Remove shared memory segment.
    293  */
    294 void rm_shmseg(void)
    295 {
    296 	extern int shmid;	/* Global shared memory id */
    297 	extern Pinfo *shmaddr;	/* Global shared memory address */
    298 
    299 	/* remove shared memory id (and shared memory segment). */
    300 	if (shmctl(shmid, IPC_RMID, NULL) && errno != EINVAL) {
    301 		fprintf(errfp, "shmctl failed: errno %d\n", errno);
    302 		perror("shmctl failed");
    303 	}
    304 }
    305 
    306 /*
    307  *  Remove semaphores.
    308  */
    309 void rm_semseg(void)
    310 {
    311 	extern int sem_lock;
    312 	extern int sem_count;
    313 
    314 	/* remove sem_lock semaphore id */
    315 	semarg.val = 0;		/* to fix problem with 4th arg of semctl in 64 bits MARIOG */
    316 	if (semctl(sem_lock, 0, IPC_RMID, semarg.val) && errno != EINVAL) {
    317 		fprintf(errfp, "semctl failed: errno %d\n", errno);
    318 		perror("semctl failed");
    319 	}
    320 	/* remove sem_count semaphore id. */
    321 	semarg.val = 0;		/* to fix problem with 4th arg of semctl in 64 bits MARIOG */
    322 	if (semctl(sem_count, 0, IPC_RMID, semarg.val) && errno != EINVAL) {
    323 		fprintf(errfp, "semctl failed: errno %d\n", errno);
    324 		perror("semctl failed");
    325 	}
    326 }
    327 
    328 /*
    329  * Routine to clean up shared memory and return exit status (CHILD handler).
    330  */
    331 void cleanup(int sig, int code, struct sigcontext *scp)
    332 {
    333 	int rc;
    334 	char mtext[80];
    335 
    336 	killpg(procgrp, SIGTERM);
    337 	sprintf(mtext, "%d", sig);
    338 	rc = send_message(msgerr, 3, mtext);
    339 	if (rc == -1) {
    340 		severe("msgsnd failed: %d msgid %d mtyp %d mtext %d\n",
    341 		       errno, msgerr, 3, mtext);
    342 	}
    343 }
    344 
    345 /*
    346  * Routine to clean up shared memory and return exit status (PARENT handler).
    347  */
    348 void nextofkin(int sig, int code, struct sigcontext *scp)
    349 {
    350 	int rc;
    351 	char mtext[80];
    352 
    353 	sprintf(mtext, "%d", sig);
    354 	rc = send_message(msgerr, 3, mtext);
    355 	if (rc == -1) {
    356 		severe("msgsnd failed: %d msgid %d mtyp %d mtext %d\n",
    357 		       errno, msgerr, 3, mtext);
    358 	}
    359 #ifndef _LINUX
    360 	reltimerid(timer);
    361 #endif
    362 	exit(1);
    363 }
    364 
    365 /* given breadth and depth of a tree, sum up total number of nodes created */
    366 unsigned long sumit(int B, int D)
    367 {
    368 	int i;
    369 	int exp = 1;		/* exponent of breadth */
    370 	unsigned long sum = 1;	/* running sum of nodes */
    371 
    372 	for (sum = 1, i = 1; i <= D; i++) {
    373 		exp = B * exp;
    374 		sum += (int)exp;
    375 	}
    376 	return (sum);
    377 }
    378 
    379 /* Finds correct slot for current process in shared memory and stores
    380  * information about process in it.
    381  */
    382 Pinfo *put_proc_info(int tval)
    383 {
    384 	extern int nodesum;
    385 	extern Pinfo *shmaddr;
    386 
    387 	int sibslot = 0;	/* sibling slot number */
    388 	int *listp;		/* ptr to sibling info for current proc */
    389 	Pinfo *smp;		/* ptr to current process data slot */
    390 
    391 	smp = shmaddr + tval;
    392 	smp->pid = getpid();
    393 	smp->ppid = getppid();
    394 	smp->err = 0;
    395 	smp->msg = 0;
    396 
    397 	/* if very first process (slot 0), dont fill in info about siblings
    398 	 *  and parent.  Sibling and parent info is irrevelant in this case.
    399 	 */
    400 	if (!tval)
    401 		return (smp);
    402 
    403 	/* find parent of current process and store slot location */
    404 	smp->list = (int *)(Pinfo *) (shmaddr + nodesum) + (BVAL * tval);
    405 	*smp->list = (tval - 1) / BVAL;
    406 	listp = smp->list + 1;
    407 
    408 	/* calculate and store sibling slot numbers of current process */
    409 	for (sibslot = *smp->list * BVAL + 1; listp < smp->list + BVAL;
    410 	     sibslot++) {
    411 		if (tval != sibslot)
    412 			*(listp++) = sibslot;
    413 	}
    414 	return (smp);
    415 }
    416 
    417 /* This routine sends a message from the current process to all of her
    418  * siblings and then waits to receive responses from them.  A timer is
    419  * set so that if a message is lost or not received for some reason
    420  * we can exit gracefully.
    421  */
    422 int notify(int slot)
    423 {
    424 	extern int msgid;
    425 	extern Pinfo *shmaddr;
    426 
    427 	int i;
    428 	int rc;
    429 	int tslot;
    430 	int *listp = (shmaddr + slot)->list;
    431 	int cldcnt = 1;
    432 	int ndx = 0;
    433 #ifdef __64LDT__
    434 	pid_t pid = 0;
    435 #else
    436 	int pid = 0;
    437 #endif
    438 	char mtext[80];
    439 
    440 	Msgbuf rcvbuf;
    441 
    442 	for (i = 1, listp++; i < BVAL; i++, listp++) {
    443 		sprintf(mtext, "%d %d %d", i, slot, (shmaddr + slot)->pid);
    444 		rc = send_message(msgid, (mtyp_t) * listp, mtext);
    445 		if (rc == -1) {
    446 			severe
    447 			    ("notify: send_message Failed: %d msgid %d mtyp %d mtext %d\n",
    448 			     errno, msgid, *listp, mtext);
    449 			exit(1);
    450 		}
    451 	}
    452 
    453 	while (cldcnt < BVAL) {
    454 		rc = msgrcv(msgid, &rcvbuf, sizeof(struct messagebuf), slot, 0);
    455 		if (rc == -1) {
    456 			switch (errno) {
    457 			case EAGAIN:
    458 				printf("msgqueue %d not ready to receive\n",
    459 				       msgid);
    460 				fflush(stdout);
    461 				errno = 0;
    462 				break;
    463 			case ENOMSG:
    464 				printf("msgqueue %d no message\n", msgid);
    465 				fflush(stdout);
    466 				errno = 0;
    467 				break;
    468 			default:
    469 				perror("msgrcv failed");
    470 				severe("msgrcv failed, errno: %d\n", errno);
    471 				exit(1);
    472 			}
    473 		} else {
    474 			sscanf(rcvbuf.mtext, "%d %d %d", &ndx, &tslot, &pid);
    475 			if (*((shmaddr + tslot)->list + ndx) == slot &&
    476 			    (shmaddr + tslot)->pid == pid) {
    477 				debugout
    478 				    ("MSGRCV:slot: %d ndx: %d tslot: %d pid: %d\n",
    479 				     slot, ndx, tslot, pid);
    480 				(shmaddr + slot)->msg++;
    481 				cldcnt++;
    482 			} else {
    483 				(shmaddr + slot)->err--;
    484 				debugout
    485 				    ("MSGRCV: slot: %d ndx: %d tslot: %d pid: %d\n",
    486 				     slot, ndx, tslot, pid);
    487 			}
    488 		}
    489 	}
    490 	return 0;
    491 }
    492 
    493 /*
    494  * Calculates semaphore number and sets semaphore (lock).
    495  */
    496 int semoper(int slot, int smid, int opval)
    497 {
    498 	int pslot;		/* parent slot */
    499 	struct sembuf smop;	/* semaphore operator */
    500 
    501 	pslot = (slot - 1) / BVAL;	/* calculate parent node */
    502 	smop.sem_num = pslot;
    503 	smop.sem_op = opval;
    504 	smop.sem_flg = 0;
    505 	semop(smid, &smop, 1);
    506 	return (pslot);
    507 }
    508 
    509 /*
    510  * This is the meat and potatoes of the program.  Spawn creates a tree
    511  * of processes with Dval depth and Bval breadth.  Each parent will spawn
    512  * Bval children.  Each child will store information about themselves
    513  * in shared memory.  The leaf nodes will communicate the existence
    514  * of one another through message queues, once each leaf node has
    515  * received communication from all of her siblings she will reduce
    516  * the semaphore count and exit.  Meanwhile all parents are waiting
    517  * to hear from their children through the use of semaphores.  When
    518  * the semaphore count reaches zero then the parent knows all the
    519  * children have talked to one another.  Locking of the connter semaphore
    520  * is provided by the use of another (binary) semaphore.
    521  */
    522 int spawn(int val)
    523 {
    524 	extern int sem_count;	/* used to keep track of childern */
    525 	extern int sem_lock;	/* used to lock access to sem_count semaphore */
    526 
    527 	int i;			/* Breadth counter */
    528 	static int level = 0;	/* level counter */
    529 	int lvlflg = 0;		/* level toggle, limits parental spawning
    530 				   to one generation */
    531 	int pslot = 0;
    532 #ifdef __64LDT__
    533 	pid_t pid;		/* pid of child process */
    534 #else
    535 	int pid;		/* pid of child process */
    536 #endif
    537 	Pinfo *pinfo;		/* pointer to process information in shared mem */
    538 	int semval;		/* value of semaphore ( equals BVAL initially */
    539 	static int tval = 1;	/* tree node value of child. */
    540 
    541 	char foo[1024];
    542 
    543 	level++;
    544 
    545 	for (i = 1; i <= BVAL; i++) {
    546 		tval = (val * BVAL) + i;
    547 		if (!lvlflg) {
    548 			pid = fork();
    549 			if (!pid) {	/* CHILD */
    550 				if (AUSDEBUG) {
    551 					sprintf(foo, "%sslot%d", SLOTDIR, tval);
    552 					debugfp = fopen(foo, "a+");
    553 				}
    554 				pinfo = put_proc_info(tval);
    555 
    556 				debugout
    557 				    ("pid: %-6d ppid: %-6d lev: %-2d i: %-2d val: %-3d\n",
    558 				     pinfo->pid, pinfo->ppid, level, i, tval);
    559 
    560 				set_timer();	/* set up signal handlers and initialize pgrp */
    561 				if (level < DVAL) {
    562 					if (spawn(tval) == -1) {
    563 						pslot =
    564 						    semoper(tval, sem_lock, -1);
    565 						semarg.val = 0;	/* to fix problem with 4th arg of semctl in 64 bits MARIOG */
    566 						semval =
    567 						    semctl(sem_count, pslot,
    568 							   GETVAL, semarg);
    569 						semarg.val = --semval;	/* to fix problem with 4th arg of semctl in 64 bits MARIOG */
    570 						semctl(sem_count, pslot, SETVAL,
    571 						       semarg);
    572 						semarg.val = 1;	/* to fix problem with 4th arg of semctl in 64 bits MARIOG */
    573 						semctl(sem_lock, pslot, SETVAL,
    574 						       semarg);
    575 					}
    576 					lvlflg++;
    577 				} else {	/* leaf node */
    578 					notify(tval);
    579 					return (-1);
    580 				}
    581 			}
    582 #ifdef __64LDT__
    583 			else if (pid > 0 && i >= BVAL) {	/* PARENT */
    584 #else
    585 			else if (pid > (pid_t) 0 && i >= BVAL) {	/* PARENT */
    586 #endif
    587 				pslot = semoper(tval, sem_count, 0);
    588 				pslot = semoper(pslot, sem_lock, -1);
    589 				semarg.val = 0;	/* to fix problem with 4th arg of semctl in 64 bits MARIOG */
    590 				semval =
    591 				    semctl(sem_count, pslot, GETVAL, semarg);
    592 				semarg.val = --semval;	/* to fix problem with 4th arg of semctl in 64 bits MARIOG */
    593 				semctl(sem_count, pslot, SETVAL, semarg);
    594 				semarg.val = 1;	/* to fix problem with 4th arg of semctl in 64 bits MARIOG */
    595 				semctl(sem_lock, pslot, SETVAL, semarg);
    596 				(shmaddr + val)->msg++;
    597 			}
    598 #ifdef __64LDT__
    599 			else if (pid < (pid_t) 0) {
    600 #else
    601 			else if (pid < 0) {
    602 #endif
    603 				perror("spawn: fork failed");
    604 				severe
    605 				    ("spawn: fork failed, exiting with errno %d\n",
    606 				     errno);
    607 				exit(1);
    608 			} else
    609 				(shmaddr + val)->msg++;
    610 		}
    611 	}
    612 	return (pslot);
    613 }
    614 
    615 /*
    616  * Allocate message queues.
    617  */
    618 void setup_msgqueue(void)
    619 {
    620 	extern int msgid;
    621 	extern int msgerr;
    622 
    623 	msgid = msgget(IPC_PRIVATE,
    624 		       IPC_CREAT | IPC_EXCL | S_IRUSR | S_IWUSR | S_IRGRP |
    625 		       S_IWGRP);
    626 	if (msgid == -1) {
    627 		perror("msgget msgid failed");
    628 		fprintf(stderr, " SEVERE : msgget msgid failed: errno %d\n",
    629 			errno);
    630 		exit(1);
    631 	}
    632 
    633 	msgerr = msgget(IPC_PRIVATE,
    634 			IPC_CREAT | IPC_EXCL | S_IRUSR | S_IWUSR | S_IRGRP |
    635 			S_IWGRP);
    636 	if (msgerr == -1) {
    637 		perror("msgget msgerr failed");
    638 		fprintf(stderr, " SEVERE : msgget msgerr failed: errno %d\n",
    639 			errno);
    640 		exit(1);
    641 	}
    642 }
    643 
    644 /*
    645  * Set up and initialize all semaphores
    646  */
    647 void setup_semaphores(void)
    648 {
    649 	extern int sem_count;
    650 	extern int sem_lock;
    651 
    652 	int i;
    653 	int rc;
    654 
    655 	prtln();
    656 	sem_lock = semget(IPC_PRIVATE, nodesum - 1,
    657 			  IPC_CREAT | IPC_EXCL | S_IRUSR | S_IWUSR | S_IRGRP |
    658 			  S_IWGRP);
    659 	dprt("nodesum = %d, sem_lock = %d\n", nodesum, sem_lock);
    660 
    661 	prtln();
    662 	if (sem_lock == -1) {
    663 		perror("semget failed for sem_lock");
    664 		fprintf(stderr,
    665 			" SEVERE : semget failed for sem_lock, errno: %d\n",
    666 			errno);
    667 		rm_shmseg();
    668 		exit(1);
    669 	}
    670 
    671 	prtln();
    672 	sem_count = semget(IPC_PRIVATE, nodesum - 1,
    673 			   IPC_CREAT | IPC_EXCL | S_IRUSR | S_IWUSR | S_IRGRP |
    674 			   S_IWGRP);
    675 
    676 	if (sem_count == -1) {
    677 		perror("semget failed for sem_count");
    678 		fprintf(stderr,
    679 			" SEVERE : semget failed for sem_count, errno: %d\n",
    680 			errno);
    681 		rm_shmseg();
    682 		exit(1);
    683 	}
    684 	prtln();
    685 
    686 	for (i = 0; i < (nodesum - 1); i++) {
    687 		semarg.val = 1;	/* to fix problem with 4th arg of semctl in 64 bits MARIOG */
    688 		rc = semctl(sem_lock, i, SETVAL, semarg);
    689 		prtln();
    690 		if (rc == -1) {
    691 			perror("semctl failed for sem_lock failed");
    692 			fprintf(stderr,
    693 				" SEVERE : semctl failed for sem_lock, errno: %d\n",
    694 				errno);
    695 			rm_shmseg();
    696 			exit(1);
    697 		}
    698 
    699 		semarg.val = BVAL;	/* to fix problem with 4th arg of semctl in 64 bits MARIOG */
    700 		rc = semctl(sem_count, i, SETVAL, semarg);
    701 		prtln();
    702 		if (rc == -1) {
    703 			perror("semctl failed for sem_lock failed");
    704 			fprintf(stderr,
    705 				" SEVERE : semctl failed for sem_lock, errno: %d\n",
    706 				errno);
    707 			rm_shmseg();
    708 			exit(1);
    709 		}
    710 	}
    711 }
    712 
    713 /*
    714  * Set up and allocate shared memory.
    715  */
    716 void setup_shm(void)
    717 {
    718 	extern int nodesum;	/* global shared memory id */
    719 	extern int shmid;	/* global shared memory id */
    720 	extern Pinfo *shmaddr;
    721 
    722 	int i, j;		/* counters */
    723 	Pinfo *shmad = NULL;	/* ptr to start of shared memory. */
    724 	Pinfo *pinfo = NULL;	/* ptr to struct in shared memory. */
    725 
    726 	debugout("size = %d, size (in hex) =  %#x  nodes: %d\n",
    727 		 sizeof(Pinfo) * nodesum + (nodesum * BVAL * sizeof(int)),
    728 		 sizeof(Pinfo) * nodesum + (nodesum * BVAL * sizeof(int)),
    729 		 nodesum);
    730 
    731 	/* Get shared memory id */
    732 	shmid = shmget(IPC_PRIVATE,
    733 		       sizeof(Pinfo) * nodesum + (nodesum * BVAL * sizeof(int)),
    734 		       IPC_CREAT | IPC_EXCL | S_IRUSR | S_IWUSR | S_IRGRP |
    735 		       S_IWGRP);
    736 	if (shmid < 0) {
    737 		perror("shmget failed");
    738 		fprintf(stderr, " SEVERE : shmget failed: errno %d\n", errno);
    739 		exit(1);
    740 	}
    741 
    742 	/* allocate shared memory */
    743 
    744 	if ((shmad = shmat(shmid, (char *)shmad, 0)) == MAP_FAILED) {
    745 		printf("SEVERE : shmat failed\n");
    746 		exit(1);
    747 	} else {
    748 		shmctl(shmid, IPC_RMID, NULL);
    749 	}
    750 
    751 	/* set all fields in shared memory to -1 */
    752 	for (pinfo = shmad, i = 0; i < nodesum; i++, pinfo++) {
    753 #ifdef __64LDT__
    754 		pinfo->pid = (pid_t) - 1;
    755 		pinfo->ppid = (pid_t) - 1;
    756 #else
    757 		pinfo->pid = -1;
    758 		pinfo->ppid = -1;
    759 #endif
    760 		pinfo->msg = -1;
    761 		pinfo->err = -1;
    762 
    763 		/* Changed 10/9/97 */
    764 		/* pinfo->list = (int *)((ulong)shmad + nodesum * sizeof(Pinfo)
    765 		   + (sizeof(int) * BVAL * i)); */
    766 		pinfo->list =
    767 		    (int *)((long)shmad + nodesum * sizeof(Pinfo) +
    768 			    (sizeof(int) * BVAL * i));
    769 		for (j = 0; j < BVAL; j++)
    770 			*(pinfo->list + j) = -1;
    771 	}
    772 	shmaddr = shmad;
    773 }
    774 
    775 /*
    776  * Set up Signal handler and which signals to catch
    777  */
    778 void set_signals(void *sighandler())
    779 {
    780 	int i;
    781 	int rc;
    782 
    783 	struct sigaction action;
    784 
    785 	/* list of signals we want to catch */
    786 	static struct signalinfo {
    787 		int signum;
    788 		char *signame;
    789 	} siginfo[] = {
    790 		{
    791 		SIGHUP, "SIGHUP"}, {
    792 		SIGINT, "SIGINT"}, {
    793 		SIGQUIT, "SIGQUIT"}, {
    794 		SIGABRT, "SIGABRT"}, {
    795 		SIGBUS, "SIGBUS"}, {
    796 		SIGSEGV, "SIGSEGV"}, {
    797 		SIGALRM, "SIGALRM"}, {
    798 		SIGUSR1, "SIGUSR1"}, {
    799 		SIGUSR2, "SIGUSR2"}, {
    800 		-1, "ENDSIG"}
    801 	};
    802 
    803 	char tmpstr[1024];
    804 
    805 	action.sa_handler = (void *)sighandler;
    806 
    807 #ifdef _LINUX
    808 	sigfillset(&action.sa_mask);
    809 #else
    810 	SIGINITSET(action.sa_mask);
    811 #endif
    812 	action.sa_flags = 0;
    813 
    814 	/* Set the signal handler up */
    815 #ifdef _LINUX
    816 	sigaddset(&action.sa_mask, SIGTERM);
    817 #else
    818 	SIGADDSET(action.sa_mask, SIGTERM);
    819 #endif
    820 	for (i = 0; siginfo[i].signum != -1; i++) {
    821 #ifdef _LINUX
    822 		sigaddset(&action.sa_mask, siginfo[i].signum);
    823 #else
    824 		SIGADDSET(action.sa_mask, siginfo[i].signum);
    825 #endif
    826 		rc = sigaction(siginfo[i].signum, &action, NULL);
    827 		if (rc == -1) {
    828 			sprintf(tmpstr, "sigaction: %s\n", siginfo[i].signame);
    829 			perror(tmpstr);
    830 			fprintf(stderr,
    831 				" SEVERE : Could not set %s signal action, errno=%d.",
    832 				siginfo[i].signame, errno);
    833 			exit(1);
    834 		}
    835 	}
    836 }
    837 
    838 /*
    839 * Get and set a timer for current process.
    840 */
    841 #ifndef _LINUX
    842 void set_timer(void)
    843 {
    844 	struct itimerstruc_t itimer, old_itimer;
    845 
    846 	if ((timer = gettimerid(TIMERID_REAL, DELIVERY_SIGNALS)) == -1) {
    847 		perror("gettimerid");
    848 		fprintf(stderr, " SEVERE : Could not get timer id, errno=%d.",
    849 			errno);
    850 		exit(1);
    851 	}
    852 
    853 	/*
    854 	 * Start the timer.
    855 	 */
    856 	itimer.it_interval.tv_nsec = 0;
    857 	itimer.it_interval.tv_sec = 0;
    858 	itimer.it_value.tv_nsec = 0;
    859 	itimer.it_value.tv_sec = (time_t) (TVAL * 60.0);
    860 	if (incinterval(timer, &itimer, &old_itimer) == -1) {
    861 		perror("incinterval");
    862 		fprintf(stderr,
    863 			" SEVERE : Could not set timer interval, errno=%d.",
    864 			errno);
    865 		(void)reltimerid(timer);
    866 		exit(1);
    867 	}
    868 }
    869 #else
    870 
    871 void set_timer(void)
    872 {
    873 	struct itimerval itimer;
    874 
    875 	memset(&itimer, 0, sizeof(struct itimerval));
    876 	/*
    877 	 * Start the timer.
    878 	 */
    879 	itimer.it_interval.tv_usec = 0;
    880 	itimer.it_interval.tv_sec = 0;
    881 	itimer.it_value.tv_usec = 0;
    882 	itimer.it_value.tv_sec = (time_t) (TVAL * 60.0);
    883 
    884 	if (setitimer(ITIMER_REAL, &itimer, NULL)) {
    885 		perror("setitimer");
    886 		exit(1);
    887 	}
    888 }
    889 #endif
    890 
    891 /*
    892  * parse_args
    893  *
    894  * Parse command line arguments.  Any errors cause the program to exit
    895  * at this point.
    896  */
    897 void parse_args(int argc, char *argv[])
    898 {
    899 	int i;
    900 	int opt, errflag = 0;
    901 	int dflag = 0, bflag = 0, fflag = 0, tflag = 0;
    902 	extern int optind;
    903 	extern char *optarg;
    904 
    905 	/* DVAL:        0  1     2      3   4  5  6  7  8  9  10 11 */
    906 	int limits[] = { -1, -1, MAXBVAL, 17, 8, 5, 4, 3, 2, 2, 2, 2 };
    907 
    908 	while ((opt = getopt(argc, argv, "b:d:ft:D?")) != EOF) {
    909 		switch (opt) {
    910 		case 'b':
    911 			if (bflag)
    912 				errflag++;
    913 			else {
    914 				bflag++;
    915 				errno = 0;
    916 				BVAL = atoi(optarg);
    917 				if (errno) {
    918 					perror("atoi");
    919 					fprintf(stderr,
    920 						" ERROR : atoi - errno %d.",
    921 						errno);
    922 					errflag++;
    923 				}
    924 			}
    925 			break;
    926 		case 'd':
    927 			if (dflag)
    928 				errflag++;
    929 			else {
    930 				dflag++;
    931 				errno = 0;
    932 				DVAL = atoi(optarg);
    933 				if (errno) {
    934 					perror("atoi");
    935 					fprintf(stderr,
    936 						" ERROR : atoi - errno %d.",
    937 						errno);
    938 					errflag++;
    939 				}
    940 			}
    941 			break;
    942 		case 'f':
    943 			fflag = 1;
    944 			break;
    945 		case 'D':
    946 			AUSDEBUG = 1;
    947 			break;
    948 		case 't':
    949 			if (tflag)
    950 				errflag++;
    951 			else {
    952 				tflag++;
    953 				errno = 0;
    954 				TVAL = atoi(optarg);
    955 				if (!TVAL || errno) {
    956 					perror("atoi");
    957 					fprintf(stderr,
    958 						" ERROR : atoi - errno %d.",
    959 						errno);
    960 					errflag++;
    961 				}
    962 			}
    963 			break;
    964 		case '?':
    965 			errflag++;
    966 			break;
    967 		}
    968 	}
    969 
    970 	if (BVAL < 2) {
    971 		errflag++;
    972 		fprintf(stderr, "The value of b must be greater than 1\n");
    973 	} else if (DVAL < 2) {
    974 		errflag++;
    975 		fprintf(stderr, "The depth value must be greater than 1\n");
    976 	} else if (!fflag && (DVAL > MAXDVAL)) {
    977 /* || BVAL > limits[DVAL])) { */
    978 		fprintf(stderr, "\tExceeded process creation limits.   \
    979 \n\tParameters will generate %lu processes.  \n\tThe preset limits are as \
    980 follows:\n\t\tdepth\tbreadth\ttotal\n", sumit(BVAL, DVAL));
    981 		for (i = 2; i <= MAXDVAL; i++)
    982 			fprintf(stderr, "\t\t %-3d\t  %-5d\t%-5lu\n", i,
    983 				limits[i], sumit(limits[i], i));
    984 		exit(1);
    985 	}
    986 
    987 	if (errflag) {
    988 		fprintf(stderr,
    989 			"usage: %s [-b number] [-d number] [-t number] \n",
    990 			argv[0]);
    991 		fprintf(stderr, "where:\n");
    992 		fprintf(stderr,
    993 			"\t-b number\tnumber of children each parent will spawn ( > 1)\n");
    994 		fprintf(stderr, "\t-d number\tdepth of process tree ( > 1)\n");
    995 		fprintf(stderr, "\t-t\t\tset timeout value\n");
    996 		fprintf(stderr, " SEVERE : Command line parameter error.\n");
    997 		exit(1);
    998 	}
    999 }
   1000 
   1001 /*
   1002  * Initializes environment variables, using defaults if not set in env.
   1003  */
   1004 int getenv_val(void)
   1005 {
   1006 	char *c;		/* character pointer */
   1007 	struct envstruct *envd = envdata;	/* pointer to environment data */
   1008 
   1009 	union {
   1010 		int *vint;
   1011 		char *chptr;
   1012 	} val;
   1013 
   1014 	/*
   1015 	 * Loop through envdata, set default first then set environment
   1016 	 * variable value if present.
   1017 	 */
   1018 	for (; *envd->env_name != '\0'; envd++) {
   1019 		if ((val.chptr = getenv(envd->env_name)) == NULL)
   1020 			val.chptr = envd->eval.chptr;
   1021 
   1022 		c = val.chptr;
   1023 		while (isdigit(*c))
   1024 			c++;
   1025 
   1026 		if (*c == '\0') {
   1027 			(envd->eval.vint) = malloc(sizeof(int));
   1028 			*(envd->eval.vint) = atoi(val.chptr);
   1029 		} else {
   1030 			envd->eval.chptr = malloc(strlen(val.chptr) + 1);
   1031 			strcpy(envd->eval.chptr, val.chptr);
   1032 		}
   1033 	}
   1034 	return 0;
   1035 }
   1036 
   1037 /*
   1038  * Prints all errors coming from the children and terminates execution if
   1039  * an error execption is received.  In addition messenger() is sent the
   1040  * process group id of the children so it can terminate all children.
   1041  * This routine uses message queues to receive all communications.
   1042  */
   1043 void messenger(void)
   1044 {				/* AKA Assassin */
   1045 	Msgbuf rcvbuf;
   1046 
   1047 	int discrim = 0;
   1048 	int rc;			/* generic return code var */
   1049 	int sig = -1;		/* type of signal received */
   1050 	extern int msgerr;	/* message queue used to send error messages */
   1051 	extern int procgrp;	/* process group of children (used to kill them) */
   1052 
   1053 	/*
   1054 	 *  Infinite loop used to receive error messages from children and
   1055 	 *  to terminate process tree.
   1056 	 */
   1057 	while (TRUE) {
   1058 		rc = msgrcv(msgerr, &rcvbuf, sizeof(struct messagebuf), 0, 0);
   1059 		if (rc == -1) {
   1060 			switch (errno) {
   1061 			case EAGAIN:
   1062 				printf("msgqueue %d not ready to receive\n",
   1063 				       msgid);
   1064 				fflush(stdout);
   1065 				errno = 0;
   1066 				break;
   1067 			case ENOMSG:
   1068 				printf("msgqueue %d no message\n", msgid);
   1069 				fflush(stdout);
   1070 				errno = 0;
   1071 				break;
   1072 			default:
   1073 				perror("msgrcv failed");
   1074 				fprintf(stderr,
   1075 					" SEVERE : messenger - msgrcv failed, errno: %d\n",
   1076 					errno);
   1077 				errno = 0;
   1078 				break;
   1079 			}
   1080 		} else {
   1081 			switch ((int)rcvbuf.mtyp) {
   1082 			case 1:	/* type 1: we received the process group id */
   1083 				sscanf(rcvbuf.mtext, "%d", &procgrp);
   1084 				break;
   1085 
   1086 			case 2:	/*  type 2: we received an error */
   1087 				fprintf(stderr, " SEVERE : %s ", rcvbuf.mtext);
   1088 				/* rcvbuf.mtext type %s ou %d ??? */
   1089 				break;
   1090 
   1091 			case 3:	/* type 3: somebody got a signal, now we terminate */
   1092 				sscanf(rcvbuf.mtext, "%d", &sig);
   1093 
   1094 				switch (sig) {
   1095 				case SIGALRM:
   1096 					/* a process is hung, we will terminate */
   1097 					killpg(procgrp, sig);
   1098 					fprintf(errfp,
   1099 						"ALERT! ALERT! WE HAVE TIMED OUT\n");
   1100 					fprintf(stderr,
   1101 						" SEVERE : SIGALRM: A process timed out, we failed\n");
   1102 					shmaddr->err++;
   1103 					break;
   1104 
   1105 				case SIGUSR1:
   1106 					/* Special: means everything went ok */
   1107 					discrim = 1;
   1108 					break;
   1109 
   1110 				default:
   1111 					/* somebody sent a signal, we will terminate */
   1112 					killpg(procgrp, sig);
   1113 					fprintf(errfp,
   1114 						"We received signal %d\n", sig);
   1115 					fprintf(stderr,
   1116 						" SEVERE : signal %d received, A proc was killed\n",
   1117 						sig);
   1118 					break;
   1119 				}
   1120 				/* clean up and exit with status */
   1121 				rm_msgqueue();
   1122 				rm_semseg();
   1123 				if (AUSDEBUG)
   1124 					print_shm();
   1125 				prtln();
   1126 				rm_shmseg();
   1127 				prtln();
   1128 				if (discrim) {
   1129 					prtln();
   1130 					printf("Test exiting with SUCCESS\n");
   1131 					exit(0);
   1132 				}
   1133 				exit(1);
   1134 
   1135 				break;
   1136 			}
   1137 		}
   1138 	}
   1139 }
   1140 
   1141 /*
   1142  *  This routine spawns off the first child (node 0) of the process tree.
   1143  *  This child set up the signal handler for all of the children and also
   1144  *  sets up a process group so that all children can be terminated easily.
   1145  *  The child then calls spawn which creates the process tree.  After spawn
   1146  *  has returned the child contacts the parent and the parent exits.
   1147  *  The parent sets her own signal handler and then calls messenger.
   1148  */
   1149 void doit(void)
   1150 {
   1151 	pid_t pid;		/* process id */
   1152 	int rc;
   1153 	char mtext[80];		/* message text */
   1154 	extern int msgerr;
   1155 	extern int procgrp;
   1156 
   1157 	pid = fork();
   1158 #ifdef __64LDT__
   1159 	if (pid == (pid_t) 0) {
   1160 #else
   1161 	if (pid == 0) {
   1162 #endif
   1163 		/* set the process group so we can terminate all children */
   1164 		set_signals((void *)nextofkin);	/* set up signal handlers and initialize pgrp */
   1165 #ifndef _LINUX
   1166 		procgrp = setpgrp(0, 0);
   1167 #else
   1168 		procgrp = setpgrp();
   1169 #endif
   1170 		if (AUSDEBUG) {
   1171 			fprintf(stderr, "process group: %d\n", procgrp);
   1172 			fflush(stderr);
   1173 		}
   1174 		if (procgrp == -1) {
   1175 			perror("setpgid failed");
   1176 			fprintf(stderr, " SEVERE : setpgid failed, errno: %d\n",
   1177 				errno);
   1178 			exit(1);
   1179 		}
   1180 		sprintf(mtext, "%d", procgrp);
   1181 		rc = send_message(msgerr, 1, mtext);
   1182 		if (rc == -1) {
   1183 			perror("send_message failed");
   1184 			fprintf(stderr,
   1185 				" SEVERE : send_message failed, errno: %d\n",
   1186 				errno);
   1187 			exit(1);
   1188 		}
   1189 
   1190 		put_proc_info(0);	/* store process info for this (root) process */
   1191 		spawn(0);
   1192 		if (shmaddr->pid == getpid()) {
   1193 			sprintf(mtext, "%d", SIGUSR1);
   1194 			rc = send_message(msgerr, 3, mtext);
   1195 			if (rc == -1) {
   1196 				severe
   1197 				    ("msgsnd failed: %d msgid %d mtyp %d mtext %d\n",
   1198 				     errno, msgerr, 3, mtext);
   1199 				exit(1);
   1200 
   1201 			}
   1202 		}
   1203 		exit(0);
   1204 	}
   1205 #ifdef __64LDT__
   1206 	else if (pid > (pid_t) 0) {
   1207 #else
   1208 	else if (pid > 0) {
   1209 #endif
   1210 		set_signals((void *)cleanup);	/* set up signal handlers and initialize pgrp */
   1211 		messenger();	/* receives and acts upon messages */
   1212 		exit(1);
   1213 	} else {
   1214 		perror("fork failed");
   1215 		fprintf(stderr,
   1216 			" SEVERE : fork failed, exiting with errno %d\n",
   1217 			errno);
   1218 		exit(1);
   1219 	}
   1220 }
   1221 
   1222 /* main */
   1223 int main(int argc, char *argv[])
   1224 {
   1225 	extern Pinfo *shmaddr;	/* start address of shared memory */
   1226 
   1227 	prtln();
   1228 	getenv_val();		/* Get and initialize all environment variables */
   1229 	prtln();
   1230 
   1231 	if (argc < 2) {
   1232 		fprintf(stderr,
   1233 			"usage: %s [-b number] [-d number] [-t number] \n",
   1234 			argv[0]);
   1235 		fprintf(stderr, "where:\n");
   1236 		fprintf(stderr,
   1237 			"\t-b number\tnumber of children each parent will spawn ( > 1)\n");
   1238 		fprintf(stderr, "\t-d number\tdepth of process tree ( > 1)\n");
   1239 		fprintf(stderr, "\t-t\t\tset timeout value\n");
   1240 		fprintf(stderr, " SEVERE : Command line parameter error.\n");
   1241 		exit(1);
   1242 	}
   1243 
   1244 	parse_args(argc, argv);	/* Get all command line arguments */
   1245 	dprt("value of BVAL = %d, value of DVAL = %d\n", BVAL, DVAL);
   1246 	nodesum = sumit(BVAL, DVAL);
   1247 #ifdef _LINUX
   1248 	if (nodesum > 250) {
   1249 		printf("total number of process to be created "
   1250 		       "nodesum (%d) is greater\n than the allowed "
   1251 		       "SEMMSL value (250)\n", nodesum);
   1252 		printf("reseting the value of nodesum to SEMMSL\n");
   1253 		nodesum = 250;
   1254 	}
   1255 #endif
   1256 
   1257 	dprt("value of nodesum is initiallized to: %d\n", nodesum);
   1258 
   1259 	prtln();
   1260 	setup_shm();		/* Set up, allocate and initialize shared memory */
   1261 	prtln();
   1262 	setup_semaphores();	/* Set up, allocate and initialize semaphores */
   1263 	prtln();
   1264 	setup_msgqueue();	/* Set up, allocate and initialize message queues */
   1265 	prtln();
   1266 
   1267 	doit();			/* spawn off processes */
   1268 	prtln();
   1269 	return 0;
   1270 
   1271 }
   1272