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      1 // Copyright 2006-2008 the V8 project authors. All rights reserved.
      2 // Redistribution and use in source and binary forms, with or without
      3 // modification, are permitted provided that the following conditions are
      4 // met:
      5 //
      6 //     * Redistributions of source code must retain the above copyright
      7 //       notice, this list of conditions and the following disclaimer.
      8 //     * Redistributions in binary form must reproduce the above
      9 //       copyright notice, this list of conditions and the following
     10 //       disclaimer in the documentation and/or other materials provided
     11 //       with the distribution.
     12 //     * Neither the name of Google Inc. nor the names of its
     13 //       contributors may be used to endorse or promote products derived
     14 //       from this software without specific prior written permission.
     15 //
     16 // THIS SOFTWARE IS PROVIDED BY THE COPYRIGHT HOLDERS AND CONTRIBUTORS
     17 // "AS IS" AND ANY EXPRESS OR IMPLIED WARRANTIES, INCLUDING, BUT NOT
     18 // LIMITED TO, THE IMPLIED WARRANTIES OF MERCHANTABILITY AND FITNESS FOR
     19 // A PARTICULAR PURPOSE ARE DISCLAIMED. IN NO EVENT SHALL THE COPYRIGHT
     20 // OWNER OR CONTRIBUTORS BE LIABLE FOR ANY DIRECT, INDIRECT, INCIDENTAL,
     21 // SPECIAL, EXEMPLARY, OR CONSEQUENTIAL DAMAGES (INCLUDING, BUT NOT
     22 // LIMITED TO, PROCUREMENT OF SUBSTITUTE GOODS OR SERVICES; LOSS OF USE,
     23 // DATA, OR PROFITS; OR BUSINESS INTERRUPTION) HOWEVER CAUSED AND ON ANY
     24 // THEORY OF LIABILITY, WHETHER IN CONTRACT, STRICT LIABILITY, OR TORT
     25 // (INCLUDING NEGLIGENCE OR OTHERWISE) ARISING IN ANY WAY OUT OF THE USE
     26 // OF THIS SOFTWARE, EVEN IF ADVISED OF THE POSSIBILITY OF SUCH DAMAGE.
     27 
     28 // This files contains runtime support implemented in JavaScript.
     29 
     30 // CAUTION: Some of the functions specified in this file are called
     31 // directly from compiled code. These are the functions with names in
     32 // ALL CAPS. The compiled code passes the first argument in 'this' and
     33 // it does not push the function onto the stack. This means that you
     34 // cannot use contexts in all these functions.
     35 
     36 
     37 /* -----------------------------------
     38    - - -   C o m p a r i s o n   - - -
     39    -----------------------------------
     40 */
     41 
     42 // The following const declarations are shared with other native JS files.
     43 // They are all declared at this one spot to avoid const redeclaration errors.
     44 const $Object = global.Object;
     45 const $Array = global.Array;
     46 const $String = global.String;
     47 const $Number = global.Number;
     48 const $Function = global.Function;
     49 const $Boolean = global.Boolean;
     50 const $NaN = 0/0;
     51 
     52 
     53 // ECMA-262, section 11.9.1, page 55.
     54 function EQUALS(y) {
     55   if (IS_STRING(this) && IS_STRING(y)) return %StringEquals(this, y);
     56   var x = this;
     57 
     58   // NOTE: We use iteration instead of recursion, because it is
     59   // difficult to call EQUALS with the correct setting of 'this' in
     60   // an efficient way.
     61   while (true) {
     62     if (IS_NUMBER(x)) {
     63       if (y == null) return 1;  // not equal
     64       return %NumberEquals(x, %ToNumber(y));
     65     } else if (IS_STRING(x)) {
     66       if (IS_STRING(y)) return %StringEquals(x, y);
     67       if (IS_NUMBER(y)) return %NumberEquals(%ToNumber(x), y);
     68       if (IS_BOOLEAN(y)) return %NumberEquals(%ToNumber(x), %ToNumber(y));
     69       if (y == null) return 1;  // not equal
     70       y = %ToPrimitive(y, NO_HINT);
     71     } else if (IS_BOOLEAN(x)) {
     72       if (IS_BOOLEAN(y)) {
     73         return %_ObjectEquals(x, y) ? 0 : 1;
     74       }
     75       if (y == null) return 1;  // not equal
     76       return %NumberEquals(%ToNumber(x), %ToNumber(y));
     77     } else if (x == null) {
     78       // NOTE: This checks for both null and undefined.
     79       return (y == null) ? 0 : 1;
     80     } else {
     81       // x is not a number, boolean, null or undefined.
     82       if (y == null) return 1;  // not equal
     83       if (IS_SPEC_OBJECT(y)) {
     84         return %_ObjectEquals(x, y) ? 0 : 1;
     85       }
     86 
     87       x = %ToPrimitive(x, NO_HINT);
     88     }
     89   }
     90 }
     91 
     92 // ECMA-262, section 11.9.4, page 56.
     93 function STRICT_EQUALS(x) {
     94   if (IS_STRING(this)) {
     95     if (!IS_STRING(x)) return 1;  // not equal
     96     return %StringEquals(this, x);
     97   }
     98 
     99   if (IS_NUMBER(this)) {
    100     if (!IS_NUMBER(x)) return 1;  // not equal
    101     return %NumberEquals(this, x);
    102   }
    103 
    104   // If anything else gets here, we just do simple identity check.
    105   // Objects (including functions), null, undefined and booleans were
    106   // checked in the CompareStub, so there should be nothing left.
    107   return %_ObjectEquals(this, x) ? 0 : 1;
    108 }
    109 
    110 
    111 // ECMA-262, section 11.8.5, page 53. The 'ncr' parameter is used as
    112 // the result when either (or both) the operands are NaN.
    113 function COMPARE(x, ncr) {
    114   var left;
    115   var right;
    116   // Fast cases for string, numbers and undefined compares.
    117   if (IS_STRING(this)) {
    118     if (IS_STRING(x)) return %_StringCompare(this, x);
    119     if (IS_UNDEFINED(x)) return ncr;
    120     left = this;
    121   } else if (IS_NUMBER(this)) {
    122     if (IS_NUMBER(x)) return %NumberCompare(this, x, ncr);
    123     if (IS_UNDEFINED(x)) return ncr;
    124     left = this;
    125   } else if (IS_UNDEFINED(this)) {
    126     if (!IS_UNDEFINED(x)) {
    127       %ToPrimitive(x, NUMBER_HINT);
    128     }
    129     return ncr;
    130   } else if (IS_UNDEFINED(x)) {
    131     %ToPrimitive(this, NUMBER_HINT);
    132     return ncr;
    133   } else {
    134     left = %ToPrimitive(this, NUMBER_HINT);
    135   }
    136 
    137   right = %ToPrimitive(x, NUMBER_HINT);
    138   if (IS_STRING(left) && IS_STRING(right)) {
    139     return %_StringCompare(left, right);
    140   } else {
    141     var left_number = %ToNumber(left);
    142     var right_number = %ToNumber(right);
    143     if (NUMBER_IS_NAN(left_number) || NUMBER_IS_NAN(right_number)) return ncr;
    144     return %NumberCompare(left_number, right_number, ncr);
    145   }
    146 }
    147 
    148 
    149 
    150 /* -----------------------------------
    151    - - -   A r i t h m e t i c   - - -
    152    -----------------------------------
    153 */
    154 
    155 // ECMA-262, section 11.6.1, page 50.
    156 function ADD(x) {
    157   // Fast case: Check for number operands and do the addition.
    158   if (IS_NUMBER(this) && IS_NUMBER(x)) return %NumberAdd(this, x);
    159   if (IS_STRING(this) && IS_STRING(x)) return %_StringAdd(this, x);
    160 
    161   // Default implementation.
    162   var a = %ToPrimitive(this, NO_HINT);
    163   var b = %ToPrimitive(x, NO_HINT);
    164 
    165   if (IS_STRING(a)) {
    166     return %_StringAdd(a, %ToString(b));
    167   } else if (IS_STRING(b)) {
    168     return %_StringAdd(%NonStringToString(a), b);
    169   } else {
    170     return %NumberAdd(%ToNumber(a), %ToNumber(b));
    171   }
    172 }
    173 
    174 
    175 // Left operand (this) is already a string.
    176 function STRING_ADD_LEFT(y) {
    177   if (!IS_STRING(y)) {
    178     if (IS_STRING_WRAPPER(y) && %_IsStringWrapperSafeForDefaultValueOf(y)) {
    179       y = %_ValueOf(y);
    180     } else {
    181       y = IS_NUMBER(y)
    182           ? %_NumberToString(y)
    183           : %ToString(%ToPrimitive(y, NO_HINT));
    184     }
    185   }
    186   return %_StringAdd(this, y);
    187 }
    188 
    189 
    190 // Right operand (y) is already a string.
    191 function STRING_ADD_RIGHT(y) {
    192   var x = this;
    193   if (!IS_STRING(x)) {
    194     if (IS_STRING_WRAPPER(x) && %_IsStringWrapperSafeForDefaultValueOf(x)) {
    195       x = %_ValueOf(x);
    196     } else {
    197       x = IS_NUMBER(x)
    198           ? %_NumberToString(x)
    199           : %ToString(%ToPrimitive(x, NO_HINT));
    200     }
    201   }
    202   return %_StringAdd(x, y);
    203 }
    204 
    205 
    206 // ECMA-262, section 11.6.2, page 50.
    207 function SUB(y) {
    208   var x = IS_NUMBER(this) ? this : %NonNumberToNumber(this);
    209   if (!IS_NUMBER(y)) y = %NonNumberToNumber(y);
    210   return %NumberSub(x, y);
    211 }
    212 
    213 
    214 // ECMA-262, section 11.5.1, page 48.
    215 function MUL(y) {
    216   var x = IS_NUMBER(this) ? this : %NonNumberToNumber(this);
    217   if (!IS_NUMBER(y)) y = %NonNumberToNumber(y);
    218   return %NumberMul(x, y);
    219 }
    220 
    221 
    222 // ECMA-262, section 11.5.2, page 49.
    223 function DIV(y) {
    224   var x = IS_NUMBER(this) ? this : %NonNumberToNumber(this);
    225   if (!IS_NUMBER(y)) y = %NonNumberToNumber(y);
    226   return %NumberDiv(x, y);
    227 }
    228 
    229 
    230 // ECMA-262, section 11.5.3, page 49.
    231 function MOD(y) {
    232   var x = IS_NUMBER(this) ? this : %NonNumberToNumber(this);
    233   if (!IS_NUMBER(y)) y = %NonNumberToNumber(y);
    234   return %NumberMod(x, y);
    235 }
    236 
    237 
    238 
    239 /* -------------------------------------------
    240    - - -   B i t   o p e r a t i o n s   - - -
    241    -------------------------------------------
    242 */
    243 
    244 // ECMA-262, section 11.10, page 57.
    245 function BIT_OR(y) {
    246   var x = IS_NUMBER(this) ? this : %NonNumberToNumber(this);
    247   if (!IS_NUMBER(y)) y = %NonNumberToNumber(y);
    248   return %NumberOr(x, y);
    249 }
    250 
    251 
    252 // ECMA-262, section 11.10, page 57.
    253 function BIT_AND(y) {
    254   var x;
    255   if (IS_NUMBER(this)) {
    256     x = this;
    257     if (!IS_NUMBER(y)) y = %NonNumberToNumber(y);
    258   } else {
    259     x = %NonNumberToNumber(this);
    260     // Make sure to convert the right operand to a number before
    261     // bailing out in the fast case, but after converting the
    262     // left operand. This ensures that valueOf methods on the right
    263     // operand are always executed.
    264     if (!IS_NUMBER(y)) y = %NonNumberToNumber(y);
    265     // Optimize for the case where we end up AND'ing a value
    266     // that doesn't convert to a number. This is common in
    267     // certain benchmarks.
    268     if (NUMBER_IS_NAN(x)) return 0;
    269   }
    270   return %NumberAnd(x, y);
    271 }
    272 
    273 
    274 // ECMA-262, section 11.10, page 57.
    275 function BIT_XOR(y) {
    276   var x = IS_NUMBER(this) ? this : %NonNumberToNumber(this);
    277   if (!IS_NUMBER(y)) y = %NonNumberToNumber(y);
    278   return %NumberXor(x, y);
    279 }
    280 
    281 
    282 // ECMA-262, section 11.4.7, page 47.
    283 function UNARY_MINUS() {
    284   var x = IS_NUMBER(this) ? this : %NonNumberToNumber(this);
    285   return %NumberUnaryMinus(x);
    286 }
    287 
    288 
    289 // ECMA-262, section 11.4.8, page 48.
    290 function BIT_NOT() {
    291   var x = IS_NUMBER(this) ? this : %NonNumberToNumber(this);
    292   return %NumberNot(x);
    293 }
    294 
    295 
    296 // ECMA-262, section 11.7.1, page 51.
    297 function SHL(y) {
    298   var x = IS_NUMBER(this) ? this : %NonNumberToNumber(this);
    299   if (!IS_NUMBER(y)) y = %NonNumberToNumber(y);
    300   return %NumberShl(x, y);
    301 }
    302 
    303 
    304 // ECMA-262, section 11.7.2, page 51.
    305 function SAR(y) {
    306   var x;
    307   if (IS_NUMBER(this)) {
    308     x = this;
    309     if (!IS_NUMBER(y)) y = %NonNumberToNumber(y);
    310   } else {
    311     x = %NonNumberToNumber(this);
    312     // Make sure to convert the right operand to a number before
    313     // bailing out in the fast case, but after converting the
    314     // left operand. This ensures that valueOf methods on the right
    315     // operand are always executed.
    316     if (!IS_NUMBER(y)) y = %NonNumberToNumber(y);
    317     // Optimize for the case where we end up shifting a value
    318     // that doesn't convert to a number. This is common in
    319     // certain benchmarks.
    320     if (NUMBER_IS_NAN(x)) return 0;
    321   }
    322   return %NumberSar(x, y);
    323 }
    324 
    325 
    326 // ECMA-262, section 11.7.3, page 52.
    327 function SHR(y) {
    328   var x = IS_NUMBER(this) ? this : %NonNumberToNumber(this);
    329   if (!IS_NUMBER(y)) y = %NonNumberToNumber(y);
    330   return %NumberShr(x, y);
    331 }
    332 
    333 
    334 
    335 /* -----------------------------
    336    - - -   H e l p e r s   - - -
    337    -----------------------------
    338 */
    339 
    340 // ECMA-262, section 11.4.1, page 46.
    341 function DELETE(key, strict) {
    342   return %DeleteProperty(%ToObject(this), %ToString(key), strict);
    343 }
    344 
    345 
    346 // ECMA-262, section 11.8.7, page 54.
    347 function IN(x) {
    348   if (!IS_SPEC_OBJECT(x)) {
    349     throw %MakeTypeError('invalid_in_operator_use', [this, x]);
    350   }
    351   return %_IsNonNegativeSmi(this) ? %HasElement(x, this) : %HasProperty(x, %ToString(this));
    352 }
    353 
    354 
    355 // ECMA-262, section 11.8.6, page 54. To make the implementation more
    356 // efficient, the return value should be zero if the 'this' is an
    357 // instance of F, and non-zero if not. This makes it possible to avoid
    358 // an expensive ToBoolean conversion in the generated code.
    359 function INSTANCE_OF(F) {
    360   var V = this;
    361   if (!IS_FUNCTION(F)) {
    362     throw %MakeTypeError('instanceof_function_expected', [V]);
    363   }
    364 
    365   // If V is not an object, return false.
    366   if (!IS_SPEC_OBJECT(V)) {
    367     return 1;
    368   }
    369 
    370   // Get the prototype of F; if it is not an object, throw an error.
    371   var O = F.prototype;
    372   if (!IS_SPEC_OBJECT(O)) {
    373     throw %MakeTypeError('instanceof_nonobject_proto', [O]);
    374   }
    375 
    376   // Return whether or not O is in the prototype chain of V.
    377   return %IsInPrototypeChain(O, V) ? 0 : 1;
    378 }
    379 
    380 
    381 // Get an array of property keys for the given object. Used in
    382 // for-in statements.
    383 function GET_KEYS() {
    384   return %GetPropertyNames(this);
    385 }
    386 
    387 
    388 // Filter a given key against an object by checking if the object
    389 // has a property with the given key; return the key as a string if
    390 // it has. Otherwise returns 0 (smi). Used in for-in statements.
    391 function FILTER_KEY(key) {
    392   var string = %ToString(key);
    393   if (%HasProperty(this, string)) return string;
    394   return 0;
    395 }
    396 
    397 
    398 function CALL_NON_FUNCTION() {
    399   var delegate = %GetFunctionDelegate(this);
    400   if (!IS_FUNCTION(delegate)) {
    401     throw %MakeTypeError('called_non_callable', [typeof this]);
    402   }
    403   return delegate.apply(this, arguments);
    404 }
    405 
    406 
    407 function CALL_NON_FUNCTION_AS_CONSTRUCTOR() {
    408   var delegate = %GetConstructorDelegate(this);
    409   if (!IS_FUNCTION(delegate)) {
    410     throw %MakeTypeError('called_non_callable', [typeof this]);
    411   }
    412   return delegate.apply(this, arguments);
    413 }
    414 
    415 
    416 function APPLY_PREPARE(args) {
    417   var length;
    418   // First check whether length is a positive Smi and args is an
    419   // array. This is the fast case. If this fails, we do the slow case
    420   // that takes care of more eventualities.
    421   if (IS_ARRAY(args)) {
    422     length = args.length;
    423     if (%_IsSmi(length) && length >= 0 && length < 0x800000 && IS_FUNCTION(this)) {
    424       return length;
    425     }
    426   }
    427 
    428   length = (args == null) ? 0 : %ToUint32(args.length);
    429 
    430   // We can handle any number of apply arguments if the stack is
    431   // big enough, but sanity check the value to avoid overflow when
    432   // multiplying with pointer size.
    433   if (length > 0x800000) {
    434     throw %MakeRangeError('stack_overflow', []);
    435   }
    436 
    437   if (!IS_FUNCTION(this)) {
    438     throw %MakeTypeError('apply_non_function', [ %ToString(this), typeof this ]);
    439   }
    440 
    441   // Make sure the arguments list has the right type.
    442   if (args != null && !IS_ARRAY(args) && !IS_ARGUMENTS(args)) {
    443     throw %MakeTypeError('apply_wrong_args', []);
    444   }
    445 
    446   // Return the length which is the number of arguments to copy to the
    447   // stack. It is guaranteed to be a small integer at this point.
    448   return length;
    449 }
    450 
    451 
    452 function APPLY_OVERFLOW(length) {
    453   throw %MakeRangeError('stack_overflow', []);
    454 }
    455 
    456 
    457 // Convert the receiver to an object - forward to ToObject.
    458 function TO_OBJECT() {
    459   return %ToObject(this);
    460 }
    461 
    462 
    463 // Convert the receiver to a number - forward to ToNumber.
    464 function TO_NUMBER() {
    465   return %ToNumber(this);
    466 }
    467 
    468 
    469 // Convert the receiver to a string - forward to ToString.
    470 function TO_STRING() {
    471   return %ToString(this);
    472 }
    473 
    474 
    475 /* -------------------------------------
    476    - - -   C o n v e r s i o n s   - - -
    477    -------------------------------------
    478 */
    479 
    480 // ECMA-262, section 9.1, page 30. Use null/undefined for no hint,
    481 // (1) for number hint, and (2) for string hint.
    482 function ToPrimitive(x, hint) {
    483   // Fast case check.
    484   if (IS_STRING(x)) return x;
    485   // Normal behavior.
    486   if (!IS_SPEC_OBJECT(x)) return x;
    487   if (hint == NO_HINT) hint = (IS_DATE(x)) ? STRING_HINT : NUMBER_HINT;
    488   return (hint == NUMBER_HINT) ? %DefaultNumber(x) : %DefaultString(x);
    489 }
    490 
    491 
    492 // ECMA-262, section 9.2, page 30
    493 function ToBoolean(x) {
    494   if (IS_BOOLEAN(x)) return x;
    495   if (IS_STRING(x)) return x.length != 0;
    496   if (x == null) return false;
    497   if (IS_NUMBER(x)) return !((x == 0) || NUMBER_IS_NAN(x));
    498   return true;
    499 }
    500 
    501 
    502 // ECMA-262, section 9.3, page 31.
    503 function ToNumber(x) {
    504   if (IS_NUMBER(x)) return x;
    505   if (IS_STRING(x)) {
    506     return %_HasCachedArrayIndex(x) ? %_GetCachedArrayIndex(x)
    507                                     : %StringToNumber(x);
    508   }
    509   if (IS_BOOLEAN(x)) return x ? 1 : 0;
    510   if (IS_UNDEFINED(x)) return $NaN;
    511   return (IS_NULL(x)) ? 0 : ToNumber(%DefaultNumber(x));
    512 }
    513 
    514 function NonNumberToNumber(x) {
    515   if (IS_STRING(x)) {
    516     return %_HasCachedArrayIndex(x) ? %_GetCachedArrayIndex(x)
    517                                     : %StringToNumber(x);
    518   }
    519   if (IS_BOOLEAN(x)) return x ? 1 : 0;
    520   if (IS_UNDEFINED(x)) return $NaN;
    521   return (IS_NULL(x)) ? 0 : ToNumber(%DefaultNumber(x));
    522 }
    523 
    524 
    525 // ECMA-262, section 9.8, page 35.
    526 function ToString(x) {
    527   if (IS_STRING(x)) return x;
    528   if (IS_NUMBER(x)) return %_NumberToString(x);
    529   if (IS_BOOLEAN(x)) return x ? 'true' : 'false';
    530   if (IS_UNDEFINED(x)) return 'undefined';
    531   return (IS_NULL(x)) ? 'null' : %ToString(%DefaultString(x));
    532 }
    533 
    534 function NonStringToString(x) {
    535   if (IS_NUMBER(x)) return %_NumberToString(x);
    536   if (IS_BOOLEAN(x)) return x ? 'true' : 'false';
    537   if (IS_UNDEFINED(x)) return 'undefined';
    538   return (IS_NULL(x)) ? 'null' : %ToString(%DefaultString(x));
    539 }
    540 
    541 
    542 // ECMA-262, section 9.9, page 36.
    543 function ToObject(x) {
    544   if (IS_STRING(x)) return new $String(x);
    545   if (IS_NUMBER(x)) return new $Number(x);
    546   if (IS_BOOLEAN(x)) return new $Boolean(x);
    547   if (IS_NULL_OR_UNDEFINED(x) && !IS_UNDETECTABLE(x)) {
    548     throw %MakeTypeError('null_to_object', []);
    549   }
    550   return x;
    551 }
    552 
    553 
    554 // ECMA-262, section 9.4, page 34.
    555 function ToInteger(x) {
    556   if (%_IsSmi(x)) return x;
    557   return %NumberToInteger(ToNumber(x));
    558 }
    559 
    560 
    561 // ECMA-262, section 9.6, page 34.
    562 function ToUint32(x) {
    563   if (%_IsSmi(x) && x >= 0) return x;
    564   return %NumberToJSUint32(ToNumber(x));
    565 }
    566 
    567 
    568 // ECMA-262, section 9.5, page 34
    569 function ToInt32(x) {
    570   if (%_IsSmi(x)) return x;
    571   return %NumberToJSInt32(ToNumber(x));
    572 }
    573 
    574 
    575 // ES5, section 9.12
    576 function SameValue(x, y) {
    577   if (typeof x != typeof y) return false;
    578   if (IS_NUMBER(x)) {
    579     if (NUMBER_IS_NAN(x) && NUMBER_IS_NAN(y)) return true;
    580     // x is +0 and y is -0 or vice versa.
    581     if (x === 0 && y === 0 && (1 / x) != (1 / y)) return false;
    582   }
    583   return x === y;
    584 }
    585 
    586 
    587 /* ---------------------------------
    588    - - -   U t i l i t i e s   - - -
    589    ---------------------------------
    590 */
    591 
    592 // Returns if the given x is a primitive value - not an object or a
    593 // function.
    594 function IsPrimitive(x) {
    595   // Even though the type of null is "object", null is still
    596   // considered a primitive value. IS_SPEC_OBJECT handles this correctly
    597   // (i.e., it will return false if x is null).
    598   return !IS_SPEC_OBJECT(x);
    599 }
    600 
    601 
    602 // ECMA-262, section 8.6.2.6, page 28.
    603 function DefaultNumber(x) {
    604   var valueOf = x.valueOf;
    605   if (IS_FUNCTION(valueOf)) {
    606     var v = %_CallFunction(x, valueOf);
    607     if (%IsPrimitive(v)) return v;
    608   }
    609 
    610   var toString = x.toString;
    611   if (IS_FUNCTION(toString)) {
    612     var s = %_CallFunction(x, toString);
    613     if (%IsPrimitive(s)) return s;
    614   }
    615 
    616   throw %MakeTypeError('cannot_convert_to_primitive', []);
    617 }
    618 
    619 
    620 // ECMA-262, section 8.6.2.6, page 28.
    621 function DefaultString(x) {
    622   var toString = x.toString;
    623   if (IS_FUNCTION(toString)) {
    624     var s = %_CallFunction(x, toString);
    625     if (%IsPrimitive(s)) return s;
    626   }
    627 
    628   var valueOf = x.valueOf;
    629   if (IS_FUNCTION(valueOf)) {
    630     var v = %_CallFunction(x, valueOf);
    631     if (%IsPrimitive(v)) return v;
    632   }
    633 
    634   throw %MakeTypeError('cannot_convert_to_primitive', []);
    635 }
    636 
    637 
    638 // NOTE: Setting the prototype for Array must take place as early as
    639 // possible due to code generation for array literals.  When
    640 // generating code for a array literal a boilerplate array is created
    641 // that is cloned when running the code.  It is essiential that the
    642 // boilerplate gets the right prototype.
    643 %FunctionSetPrototype($Array, new $Array(0));
    644