1 /* 2 ******************************************************************************* 3 * 4 * Copyright (C) 1999-2010, International Business Machines 5 * Corporation and others. All Rights Reserved. 6 * 7 ******************************************************************************* 8 * file name: utf16.h 9 * encoding: US-ASCII 10 * tab size: 8 (not used) 11 * indentation:4 12 * 13 * created on: 1999sep09 14 * created by: Markus W. Scherer 15 */ 16 17 /** 18 * \file 19 * \brief C API: 16-bit Unicode handling macros 20 * 21 * This file defines macros to deal with 16-bit Unicode (UTF-16) code units and strings. 22 * utf16.h is included by utf.h after unicode/umachine.h 23 * and some common definitions. 24 * 25 * For more information see utf.h and the ICU User Guide Strings chapter 26 * (http://icu-project.org/userguide/strings.html). 27 * 28 * <em>Usage:</em> 29 * ICU coding guidelines for if() statements should be followed when using these macros. 30 * Compound statements (curly braces {}) must be used for if-else-while... 31 * bodies and all macro statements should be terminated with semicolon. 32 */ 33 34 #ifndef __UTF16_H__ 35 #define __UTF16_H__ 36 37 /* utf.h must be included first. */ 38 #ifndef __UTF_H__ 39 # include "unicode/utf.h" 40 #endif 41 42 /* single-code point definitions -------------------------------------------- */ 43 44 /** 45 * Does this code unit alone encode a code point (BMP, not a surrogate)? 46 * @param c 16-bit code unit 47 * @return TRUE or FALSE 48 * @stable ICU 2.4 49 */ 50 #define U16_IS_SINGLE(c) !U_IS_SURROGATE(c) 51 52 /** 53 * Is this code unit a lead surrogate (U+d800..U+dbff)? 54 * @param c 16-bit code unit 55 * @return TRUE or FALSE 56 * @stable ICU 2.4 57 */ 58 #define U16_IS_LEAD(c) (((c)&0xfffffc00)==0xd800) 59 60 /** 61 * Is this code unit a trail surrogate (U+dc00..U+dfff)? 62 * @param c 16-bit code unit 63 * @return TRUE or FALSE 64 * @stable ICU 2.4 65 */ 66 #define U16_IS_TRAIL(c) (((c)&0xfffffc00)==0xdc00) 67 68 /** 69 * Is this code unit a surrogate (U+d800..U+dfff)? 70 * @param c 16-bit code unit 71 * @return TRUE or FALSE 72 * @stable ICU 2.4 73 */ 74 #define U16_IS_SURROGATE(c) U_IS_SURROGATE(c) 75 76 /** 77 * Assuming c is a surrogate code point (U16_IS_SURROGATE(c)), 78 * is it a lead surrogate? 79 * @param c 16-bit code unit 80 * @return TRUE or FALSE 81 * @stable ICU 2.4 82 */ 83 #define U16_IS_SURROGATE_LEAD(c) (((c)&0x400)==0) 84 85 /** 86 * Assuming c is a surrogate code point (U16_IS_SURROGATE(c)), 87 * is it a trail surrogate? 88 * @param c 16-bit code unit 89 * @return TRUE or FALSE 90 * @stable ICU 4.2 91 */ 92 #define U16_IS_SURROGATE_TRAIL(c) (((c)&0x400)!=0) 93 94 /** 95 * Helper constant for U16_GET_SUPPLEMENTARY. 96 * @internal 97 */ 98 #define U16_SURROGATE_OFFSET ((0xd800<<10UL)+0xdc00-0x10000) 99 100 /** 101 * Get a supplementary code point value (U+10000..U+10ffff) 102 * from its lead and trail surrogates. 103 * The result is undefined if the input values are not 104 * lead and trail surrogates. 105 * 106 * @param lead lead surrogate (U+d800..U+dbff) 107 * @param trail trail surrogate (U+dc00..U+dfff) 108 * @return supplementary code point (U+10000..U+10ffff) 109 * @stable ICU 2.4 110 */ 111 #define U16_GET_SUPPLEMENTARY(lead, trail) \ 112 (((UChar32)(lead)<<10UL)+(UChar32)(trail)-U16_SURROGATE_OFFSET) 113 114 115 /** 116 * Get the lead surrogate (0xd800..0xdbff) for a 117 * supplementary code point (0x10000..0x10ffff). 118 * @param supplementary 32-bit code point (U+10000..U+10ffff) 119 * @return lead surrogate (U+d800..U+dbff) for supplementary 120 * @stable ICU 2.4 121 */ 122 #define U16_LEAD(supplementary) (UChar)(((supplementary)>>10)+0xd7c0) 123 124 /** 125 * Get the trail surrogate (0xdc00..0xdfff) for a 126 * supplementary code point (0x10000..0x10ffff). 127 * @param supplementary 32-bit code point (U+10000..U+10ffff) 128 * @return trail surrogate (U+dc00..U+dfff) for supplementary 129 * @stable ICU 2.4 130 */ 131 #define U16_TRAIL(supplementary) (UChar)(((supplementary)&0x3ff)|0xdc00) 132 133 /** 134 * How many 16-bit code units are used to encode this Unicode code point? (1 or 2) 135 * The result is not defined if c is not a Unicode code point (U+0000..U+10ffff). 136 * @param c 32-bit code point 137 * @return 1 or 2 138 * @stable ICU 2.4 139 */ 140 #define U16_LENGTH(c) ((uint32_t)(c)<=0xffff ? 1 : 2) 141 142 /** 143 * The maximum number of 16-bit code units per Unicode code point (U+0000..U+10ffff). 144 * @return 2 145 * @stable ICU 2.4 146 */ 147 #define U16_MAX_LENGTH 2 148 149 /** 150 * Get a code point from a string at a random-access offset, 151 * without changing the offset. 152 * "Unsafe" macro, assumes well-formed UTF-16. 153 * 154 * The offset may point to either the lead or trail surrogate unit 155 * for a supplementary code point, in which case the macro will read 156 * the adjacent matching surrogate as well. 157 * The result is undefined if the offset points to a single, unpaired surrogate. 158 * Iteration through a string is more efficient with U16_NEXT_UNSAFE or U16_NEXT. 159 * 160 * @param s const UChar * string 161 * @param i string offset 162 * @param c output UChar32 variable 163 * @see U16_GET 164 * @stable ICU 2.4 165 */ 166 #define U16_GET_UNSAFE(s, i, c) { \ 167 (c)=(s)[i]; \ 168 if(U16_IS_SURROGATE(c)) { \ 169 if(U16_IS_SURROGATE_LEAD(c)) { \ 170 (c)=U16_GET_SUPPLEMENTARY((c), (s)[(i)+1]); \ 171 } else { \ 172 (c)=U16_GET_SUPPLEMENTARY((s)[(i)-1], (c)); \ 173 } \ 174 } \ 175 } 176 177 /** 178 * Get a code point from a string at a random-access offset, 179 * without changing the offset. 180 * "Safe" macro, handles unpaired surrogates and checks for string boundaries. 181 * 182 * The offset may point to either the lead or trail surrogate unit 183 * for a supplementary code point, in which case the macro will read 184 * the adjacent matching surrogate as well. 185 * If the offset points to a single, unpaired surrogate, then that itself 186 * will be returned as the code point. 187 * Iteration through a string is more efficient with U16_NEXT_UNSAFE or U16_NEXT. 188 * 189 * @param s const UChar * string 190 * @param start starting string offset (usually 0) 191 * @param i string offset, must be start<=i<length 192 * @param length string length 193 * @param c output UChar32 variable 194 * @see U16_GET_UNSAFE 195 * @stable ICU 2.4 196 */ 197 #define U16_GET(s, start, i, length, c) { \ 198 (c)=(s)[i]; \ 199 if(U16_IS_SURROGATE(c)) { \ 200 uint16_t __c2; \ 201 if(U16_IS_SURROGATE_LEAD(c)) { \ 202 if((i)+1<(length) && U16_IS_TRAIL(__c2=(s)[(i)+1])) { \ 203 (c)=U16_GET_SUPPLEMENTARY((c), __c2); \ 204 } \ 205 } else { \ 206 if((i)>(start) && U16_IS_LEAD(__c2=(s)[(i)-1])) { \ 207 (c)=U16_GET_SUPPLEMENTARY(__c2, (c)); \ 208 } \ 209 } \ 210 } \ 211 } 212 213 /* definitions with forward iteration --------------------------------------- */ 214 215 /** 216 * Get a code point from a string at a code point boundary offset, 217 * and advance the offset to the next code point boundary. 218 * (Post-incrementing forward iteration.) 219 * "Unsafe" macro, assumes well-formed UTF-16. 220 * 221 * The offset may point to the lead surrogate unit 222 * for a supplementary code point, in which case the macro will read 223 * the following trail surrogate as well. 224 * If the offset points to a trail surrogate, then that itself 225 * will be returned as the code point. 226 * The result is undefined if the offset points to a single, unpaired lead surrogate. 227 * 228 * @param s const UChar * string 229 * @param i string offset 230 * @param c output UChar32 variable 231 * @see U16_NEXT 232 * @stable ICU 2.4 233 */ 234 #define U16_NEXT_UNSAFE(s, i, c) { \ 235 (c)=(s)[(i)++]; \ 236 if(U16_IS_LEAD(c)) { \ 237 (c)=U16_GET_SUPPLEMENTARY((c), (s)[(i)++]); \ 238 } \ 239 } 240 241 /** 242 * Get a code point from a string at a code point boundary offset, 243 * and advance the offset to the next code point boundary. 244 * (Post-incrementing forward iteration.) 245 * "Safe" macro, handles unpaired surrogates and checks for string boundaries. 246 * 247 * The offset may point to the lead surrogate unit 248 * for a supplementary code point, in which case the macro will read 249 * the following trail surrogate as well. 250 * If the offset points to a trail surrogate or 251 * to a single, unpaired lead surrogate, then that itself 252 * will be returned as the code point. 253 * 254 * @param s const UChar * string 255 * @param i string offset, must be i<length 256 * @param length string length 257 * @param c output UChar32 variable 258 * @see U16_NEXT_UNSAFE 259 * @stable ICU 2.4 260 */ 261 #define U16_NEXT(s, i, length, c) { \ 262 (c)=(s)[(i)++]; \ 263 if(U16_IS_LEAD(c)) { \ 264 uint16_t __c2; \ 265 if((i)<(length) && U16_IS_TRAIL(__c2=(s)[(i)])) { \ 266 ++(i); \ 267 (c)=U16_GET_SUPPLEMENTARY((c), __c2); \ 268 } \ 269 } \ 270 } 271 272 /** 273 * Append a code point to a string, overwriting 1 or 2 code units. 274 * The offset points to the current end of the string contents 275 * and is advanced (post-increment). 276 * "Unsafe" macro, assumes a valid code point and sufficient space in the string. 277 * Otherwise, the result is undefined. 278 * 279 * @param s const UChar * string buffer 280 * @param i string offset 281 * @param c code point to append 282 * @see U16_APPEND 283 * @stable ICU 2.4 284 */ 285 #define U16_APPEND_UNSAFE(s, i, c) { \ 286 if((uint32_t)(c)<=0xffff) { \ 287 (s)[(i)++]=(uint16_t)(c); \ 288 } else { \ 289 (s)[(i)++]=(uint16_t)(((c)>>10)+0xd7c0); \ 290 (s)[(i)++]=(uint16_t)(((c)&0x3ff)|0xdc00); \ 291 } \ 292 } 293 294 /** 295 * Append a code point to a string, overwriting 1 or 2 code units. 296 * The offset points to the current end of the string contents 297 * and is advanced (post-increment). 298 * "Safe" macro, checks for a valid code point. 299 * If a surrogate pair is written, checks for sufficient space in the string. 300 * If the code point is not valid or a trail surrogate does not fit, 301 * then isError is set to TRUE. 302 * 303 * @param s const UChar * string buffer 304 * @param i string offset, must be i<capacity 305 * @param capacity size of the string buffer 306 * @param c code point to append 307 * @param isError output UBool set to TRUE if an error occurs, otherwise not modified 308 * @see U16_APPEND_UNSAFE 309 * @stable ICU 2.4 310 */ 311 #define U16_APPEND(s, i, capacity, c, isError) { \ 312 if((uint32_t)(c)<=0xffff) { \ 313 (s)[(i)++]=(uint16_t)(c); \ 314 } else if((uint32_t)(c)<=0x10ffff && (i)+1<(capacity)) { \ 315 (s)[(i)++]=(uint16_t)(((c)>>10)+0xd7c0); \ 316 (s)[(i)++]=(uint16_t)(((c)&0x3ff)|0xdc00); \ 317 } else /* c>0x10ffff or not enough space */ { \ 318 (isError)=TRUE; \ 319 } \ 320 } 321 322 /** 323 * Advance the string offset from one code point boundary to the next. 324 * (Post-incrementing iteration.) 325 * "Unsafe" macro, assumes well-formed UTF-16. 326 * 327 * @param s const UChar * string 328 * @param i string offset 329 * @see U16_FWD_1 330 * @stable ICU 2.4 331 */ 332 #define U16_FWD_1_UNSAFE(s, i) { \ 333 if(U16_IS_LEAD((s)[(i)++])) { \ 334 ++(i); \ 335 } \ 336 } 337 338 /** 339 * Advance the string offset from one code point boundary to the next. 340 * (Post-incrementing iteration.) 341 * "Safe" macro, handles unpaired surrogates and checks for string boundaries. 342 * 343 * @param s const UChar * string 344 * @param i string offset, must be i<length 345 * @param length string length 346 * @see U16_FWD_1_UNSAFE 347 * @stable ICU 2.4 348 */ 349 #define U16_FWD_1(s, i, length) { \ 350 if(U16_IS_LEAD((s)[(i)++]) && (i)<(length) && U16_IS_TRAIL((s)[i])) { \ 351 ++(i); \ 352 } \ 353 } 354 355 /** 356 * Advance the string offset from one code point boundary to the n-th next one, 357 * i.e., move forward by n code points. 358 * (Post-incrementing iteration.) 359 * "Unsafe" macro, assumes well-formed UTF-16. 360 * 361 * @param s const UChar * string 362 * @param i string offset 363 * @param n number of code points to skip 364 * @see U16_FWD_N 365 * @stable ICU 2.4 366 */ 367 #define U16_FWD_N_UNSAFE(s, i, n) { \ 368 int32_t __N=(n); \ 369 while(__N>0) { \ 370 U16_FWD_1_UNSAFE(s, i); \ 371 --__N; \ 372 } \ 373 } 374 375 /** 376 * Advance the string offset from one code point boundary to the n-th next one, 377 * i.e., move forward by n code points. 378 * (Post-incrementing iteration.) 379 * "Safe" macro, handles unpaired surrogates and checks for string boundaries. 380 * 381 * @param s const UChar * string 382 * @param i string offset, must be i<length 383 * @param length string length 384 * @param n number of code points to skip 385 * @see U16_FWD_N_UNSAFE 386 * @stable ICU 2.4 387 */ 388 #define U16_FWD_N(s, i, length, n) { \ 389 int32_t __N=(n); \ 390 while(__N>0 && (i)<(length)) { \ 391 U16_FWD_1(s, i, length); \ 392 --__N; \ 393 } \ 394 } 395 396 /** 397 * Adjust a random-access offset to a code point boundary 398 * at the start of a code point. 399 * If the offset points to the trail surrogate of a surrogate pair, 400 * then the offset is decremented. 401 * Otherwise, it is not modified. 402 * "Unsafe" macro, assumes well-formed UTF-16. 403 * 404 * @param s const UChar * string 405 * @param i string offset 406 * @see U16_SET_CP_START 407 * @stable ICU 2.4 408 */ 409 #define U16_SET_CP_START_UNSAFE(s, i) { \ 410 if(U16_IS_TRAIL((s)[i])) { \ 411 --(i); \ 412 } \ 413 } 414 415 /** 416 * Adjust a random-access offset to a code point boundary 417 * at the start of a code point. 418 * If the offset points to the trail surrogate of a surrogate pair, 419 * then the offset is decremented. 420 * Otherwise, it is not modified. 421 * "Safe" macro, handles unpaired surrogates and checks for string boundaries. 422 * 423 * @param s const UChar * string 424 * @param start starting string offset (usually 0) 425 * @param i string offset, must be start<=i 426 * @see U16_SET_CP_START_UNSAFE 427 * @stable ICU 2.4 428 */ 429 #define U16_SET_CP_START(s, start, i) { \ 430 if(U16_IS_TRAIL((s)[i]) && (i)>(start) && U16_IS_LEAD((s)[(i)-1])) { \ 431 --(i); \ 432 } \ 433 } 434 435 /* definitions with backward iteration -------------------------------------- */ 436 437 /** 438 * Move the string offset from one code point boundary to the previous one 439 * and get the code point between them. 440 * (Pre-decrementing backward iteration.) 441 * "Unsafe" macro, assumes well-formed UTF-16. 442 * 443 * The input offset may be the same as the string length. 444 * If the offset is behind a trail surrogate unit 445 * for a supplementary code point, then the macro will read 446 * the preceding lead surrogate as well. 447 * If the offset is behind a lead surrogate, then that itself 448 * will be returned as the code point. 449 * The result is undefined if the offset is behind a single, unpaired trail surrogate. 450 * 451 * @param s const UChar * string 452 * @param i string offset 453 * @param c output UChar32 variable 454 * @see U16_PREV 455 * @stable ICU 2.4 456 */ 457 #define U16_PREV_UNSAFE(s, i, c) { \ 458 (c)=(s)[--(i)]; \ 459 if(U16_IS_TRAIL(c)) { \ 460 (c)=U16_GET_SUPPLEMENTARY((s)[--(i)], (c)); \ 461 } \ 462 } 463 464 /** 465 * Move the string offset from one code point boundary to the previous one 466 * and get the code point between them. 467 * (Pre-decrementing backward iteration.) 468 * "Safe" macro, handles unpaired surrogates and checks for string boundaries. 469 * 470 * The input offset may be the same as the string length. 471 * If the offset is behind a trail surrogate unit 472 * for a supplementary code point, then the macro will read 473 * the preceding lead surrogate as well. 474 * If the offset is behind a lead surrogate or behind a single, unpaired 475 * trail surrogate, then that itself 476 * will be returned as the code point. 477 * 478 * @param s const UChar * string 479 * @param start starting string offset (usually 0) 480 * @param i string offset, must be start<i 481 * @param c output UChar32 variable 482 * @see U16_PREV_UNSAFE 483 * @stable ICU 2.4 484 */ 485 #define U16_PREV(s, start, i, c) { \ 486 (c)=(s)[--(i)]; \ 487 if(U16_IS_TRAIL(c)) { \ 488 uint16_t __c2; \ 489 if((i)>(start) && U16_IS_LEAD(__c2=(s)[(i)-1])) { \ 490 --(i); \ 491 (c)=U16_GET_SUPPLEMENTARY(__c2, (c)); \ 492 } \ 493 } \ 494 } 495 496 /** 497 * Move the string offset from one code point boundary to the previous one. 498 * (Pre-decrementing backward iteration.) 499 * The input offset may be the same as the string length. 500 * "Unsafe" macro, assumes well-formed UTF-16. 501 * 502 * @param s const UChar * string 503 * @param i string offset 504 * @see U16_BACK_1 505 * @stable ICU 2.4 506 */ 507 #define U16_BACK_1_UNSAFE(s, i) { \ 508 if(U16_IS_TRAIL((s)[--(i)])) { \ 509 --(i); \ 510 } \ 511 } 512 513 /** 514 * Move the string offset from one code point boundary to the previous one. 515 * (Pre-decrementing backward iteration.) 516 * The input offset may be the same as the string length. 517 * "Safe" macro, handles unpaired surrogates and checks for string boundaries. 518 * 519 * @param s const UChar * string 520 * @param start starting string offset (usually 0) 521 * @param i string offset, must be start<i 522 * @see U16_BACK_1_UNSAFE 523 * @stable ICU 2.4 524 */ 525 #define U16_BACK_1(s, start, i) { \ 526 if(U16_IS_TRAIL((s)[--(i)]) && (i)>(start) && U16_IS_LEAD((s)[(i)-1])) { \ 527 --(i); \ 528 } \ 529 } 530 531 /** 532 * Move the string offset from one code point boundary to the n-th one before it, 533 * i.e., move backward by n code points. 534 * (Pre-decrementing backward iteration.) 535 * The input offset may be the same as the string length. 536 * "Unsafe" macro, assumes well-formed UTF-16. 537 * 538 * @param s const UChar * string 539 * @param i string offset 540 * @param n number of code points to skip 541 * @see U16_BACK_N 542 * @stable ICU 2.4 543 */ 544 #define U16_BACK_N_UNSAFE(s, i, n) { \ 545 int32_t __N=(n); \ 546 while(__N>0) { \ 547 U16_BACK_1_UNSAFE(s, i); \ 548 --__N; \ 549 } \ 550 } 551 552 /** 553 * Move the string offset from one code point boundary to the n-th one before it, 554 * i.e., move backward by n code points. 555 * (Pre-decrementing backward iteration.) 556 * The input offset may be the same as the string length. 557 * "Safe" macro, handles unpaired surrogates and checks for string boundaries. 558 * 559 * @param s const UChar * string 560 * @param start start of string 561 * @param i string offset, must be start<i 562 * @param n number of code points to skip 563 * @see U16_BACK_N_UNSAFE 564 * @stable ICU 2.4 565 */ 566 #define U16_BACK_N(s, start, i, n) { \ 567 int32_t __N=(n); \ 568 while(__N>0 && (i)>(start)) { \ 569 U16_BACK_1(s, start, i); \ 570 --__N; \ 571 } \ 572 } 573 574 /** 575 * Adjust a random-access offset to a code point boundary after a code point. 576 * If the offset is behind the lead surrogate of a surrogate pair, 577 * then the offset is incremented. 578 * Otherwise, it is not modified. 579 * The input offset may be the same as the string length. 580 * "Unsafe" macro, assumes well-formed UTF-16. 581 * 582 * @param s const UChar * string 583 * @param i string offset 584 * @see U16_SET_CP_LIMIT 585 * @stable ICU 2.4 586 */ 587 #define U16_SET_CP_LIMIT_UNSAFE(s, i) { \ 588 if(U16_IS_LEAD((s)[(i)-1])) { \ 589 ++(i); \ 590 } \ 591 } 592 593 /** 594 * Adjust a random-access offset to a code point boundary after a code point. 595 * If the offset is behind the lead surrogate of a surrogate pair, 596 * then the offset is incremented. 597 * Otherwise, it is not modified. 598 * The input offset may be the same as the string length. 599 * "Safe" macro, handles unpaired surrogates and checks for string boundaries. 600 * 601 * @param s const UChar * string 602 * @param start starting string offset (usually 0) 603 * @param i string offset, start<=i<=length 604 * @param length string length 605 * @see U16_SET_CP_LIMIT_UNSAFE 606 * @stable ICU 2.4 607 */ 608 #define U16_SET_CP_LIMIT(s, start, i, length) { \ 609 if((start)<(i) && (i)<(length) && U16_IS_LEAD((s)[(i)-1]) && U16_IS_TRAIL((s)[i])) { \ 610 ++(i); \ 611 } \ 612 } 613 614 #endif 615