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151 .Nd MirBSD Korn shell
169 is a command interpreter intended for both interactive and shell
173 shell language and largely compatible to the original Korn shell.
176 name to the shell; not all make sense, have been tested or work at all though.
185 Interactive shell.
186 A shell is
192 An interactive shell has job control enabled, ignores the
213 Login shell.
214 If the basename the shell is called with (i.e. argv[0])
218 the shell is assumed to be a login shell; see
222 Privileged shell.
223 A shell is
231 Clearing the privileged option causes the shell to set
236 Restricted shell.
237 A shell is
241 The following restrictions come into effect after the shell processes any
254 .Ev SHELL ,
275 The shell reads commands from standard input; all non-option arguments
303 of a file the shell reads commands from.
305 arguments, the shell reads commands from the standard input.
306 The name of the shell (i.e. the contents of $0)
311 otherwise, the basename the shell was called with (i.e. argv[0]) is used.
313 The exit status of the shell is 127 if the command file specified on the
322 A login shell processes the system profile first.
323 A privileged shell then processes the suid profile.
324 A non-privileged login shell processes the user profile next.
325 A non-privileged interactive shell checks the value of the
333 The shell begins parsing its input by removing any backslash-newline
398 shell and must be quoted if they are to represent themselves:
449 As words and tokens are parsed, the shell builds commands, of which there
471 The command may be a shell built-in command, a function,
557 the shell starts the command but does not wait for it to complete (the shell
934 Quoting is used to prevent the shell from treating characters or words
1059 The shell expands command aliases (i.e. substitutes the alias name
1068 The following command aliases are defined automatically by the shell:
1085 Tracked aliases allow the shell to remember where it found a particular
1087 The first time the shell does a path search for a command that is
1090 time the command is executed, the shell checks the saved path to see that it
1103 the shell tracks all commands.
1126 The first step the shell takes in executing a simple-command is to perform
1205 This behavior is POSIX compliant, but incompatible with some other shell
1267 Parameters are shell variables; they can be assigned values and their values
1315 First, the shell implicitly sets some parameters like
1321 Second, parameters are imported from the shell's environment at startup.
1334 shell to recognise a parameter assignment.
1373 of commands run by the shell as
1378 When the shell starts up, it extracts parameters and their values
1428 and an error occurs (normally causing termination of a shell script, function,
1622 This is the hash the shell uses internally for its associative arrays.
1637 The following special parameters are implicitly set by the shell and cannot be
1646 The PID of the shell, or the PID of the original shell if it is a subshell.
1662 The name of the shell, determined as follows:
1670 or else the basename the shell was invoked with (i.e.\&
1676 keyword (i.e. a Korn shell style function).
1678 The first nine positional parameters that were supplied to the shell, function,
1708 The following parameters are set and/or used by the shell:
1712 When an external command is executed by the shell, this parameter is set in the
1714 In interactive use, this parameter is also set in the parent shell to the last
1751 expanded value is used as a shell startup file.
1754 Integer value of the shell's
1760 If set, this parameter is assumed to contain the shell that is to be used to
1764 .Dq #! Ns Ar shell
1783 Also, several invocations of the shell will share history if their
1815 This parameter is not imported from the environment when the shell is
1818 The effective group id of the shell.
1820 The real group id of the shell.
1822 The real user id of the shell.
1824 The name and version of the shell (read-only).
1831 The line number of the function or shell script that is currently being
1840 has not successfully changed directories since the shell started, or if the
1841 shell doesn't know where it is.
1862 The process ID of the shell's process group leader.
1867 The process ID of the shell's parent.
1916 You can tell the shell not to count certain
1928 interpreted by the shell, to set
1974 if the shell doesn't know where it is.
1988 The number of seconds since the shell started or, if the parameter has been
1992 If set to a positive integer in an interactive shell
1993 number of seconds the shell will wait for input after printing the primary
1996 If the time is exceeded, the shell exits.
1998 The directory temporary shell files are created in.
2004 The effective user id of the shell.
2098 Once brace expansion has been performed, the shell replaces file
2229 the shell.
2279 the shell copies lines from the command source into a temporary file until a
2341 is limited to a single digit in most shell implementations.
2384 substitutions, tilde substitutions, and (if the shell is interactive)
2411 Korn shell, but passed to sub-processes if
2502 transparent) ASCII or Unicode codepoints, depending on the shell's
2518 behaviour is undefined (usually, the shell aborts with a parse error,
2628 operator) is an asynchronous process that the shell can both write to (using
2656 In order for co-processes to share a common output, the shell must keep the
2660 (when they all exit, the shell closes its copy of the pipe).
2663 causes the shell to close its copy).
2665 different from the original Korn shell which closes its copy of the write
2679 Functions are defined using either Korn shell
2681 syntax or the Bourne/POSIX shell
2692 shell arguments (i.e. positional parameters $1, $2, etc.)\&
2694 When the shell is determining the location of a command, functions
2711 executed, the shell searches the path specified in the
2717 continued (i.e. the shell searches the regular built-in command table and
2723 (this is an undocumented feature of the original Korn shell).
2734 When a traced function is executed, the shell's
2740 In the original Korn shell,
2741 exported functions are visible to shell scripts that are executed.
2743 Since functions are executed in the current shell environment, parameter
2775 Parameter assignments preceding function calls are not kept in the shell
2801 shell's traps and signals that are not ignored in the shell (but may be
2817 cause a non-interactive shell to exit, and parameter assignments that are
3059 utility is invoked instead if called from the shell.
3154 in the current directory, and the shell attempts to change to the new
3174 cannot be a shell function;
3176 (i.e. redirection and utility errors do not cause the shell to
3225 this utility is not portable; use the Korn shell builtin
3242 shell scripts.
3262 string which the shell then parses and executes in the current environment.
3268 The command is executed without forking, replacing the shell process.
3271 permanent and the shell is
3276 that are not built-in to the shell).
3277 Note that the Bourne shell differs here;
3281 The shell exits with the specified exit status.
3338 is used), and then executed by the shell.
3383 Used by shell procedures to parse the specified arguments (or positional
3399 is invoked, it places the next option in the shell parameter
3403 in the shell parameter
3413 places it in the shell parameter
3441 to 1 (this is done automatically whenever the shell or a shell procedure is
3444 Warning: Changing the value of the shell parameter
3859 scripts, while the original Korn shell only treats profiles as
3876 shell options, set the positional parameters, or set an array parameter.
3944 explicitly tested by a shell construct such as
3961 The shell is an interactive shell.
3962 This option can only be used when the shell is invoked.
3967 The shell is a login shell.
3968 This option can only be used when the shell is invoked.
3977 The shell is a privileged shell.
3978 It is set automatically if, when the shell starts,
3983 The shell is a restricted shell.
3984 This option can only be used when the shell is invoked.
3987 If used when the shell is invoked, commands are read from standard input.
3988 Set automatically if the shell is invoked with no arguments.
4005 shell command line; is enabled automatically for interactive shells if
4035 Write shell input to standard error as it is read.
4058 The shell will not (easily) exit when end-of-file is read;
4061 To avoid infinite loops, the shell will exit if
4067 signal when a login shell exits.
4078 In the original Korn shell, this prevents function definitions from
4091 directories (i.e. the shell handles
4120 Automatically enabled if the basename of the shell invocation begins with
4142 In the original Korn shell, unless
4151 These options can also be used upon invocation of the shell.
4204 this is implemented as a shell alias instead of a builtin.
4247 group is the shell's effective group ID.
4267 owner is the shell's effective user ID.
4269 Shell
4444 is given, then the user and system time used by the shell itself, and all the
4480 Print the accumulated user and system times used both by the shell
4481 and by processes that the shell started which have exited.
4498 or a string containing shell commands to be evaluated and executed at the first
4514 (also known as 0) which is executed when the shell is about to exit, and
4517 the shell to exit if the
4528 that were ignored when the shell started.
4534 commands, the current state of the traps that have been set since the shell
4541 The original Korn shell's
4645 (In the original Korn shell, this parameter meant
4692 Has no meaning to the shell; provided for application use.
4700 shell option is temporarily turned on.
4706 This option is not in the original Korn shell.
4710 (In the original Korn shell, this parameter meant
4766 The limits affect the shell and any processes created by the shell after a
4800 blocks on files written by the shell and its child processes (files of any
5002 Job control refers to the shell's ability to monitor and control jobs which
5004 At a minimum, the shell keeps track of the status of the background (i.e.\&
5071 stopped), the shell prints the following status information:
5123 When an attempt is made to exit the shell while there are jobs in the stopped
5124 state, the shell warns the user that there are stopped jobs and does not exit.
5125 If another attempt is immediately made to exit the shell, the stopped jobs are
5128 signal and the shell exits.
5132 a login shell, the shell warns the user and does not exit.
5134 is immediately made to exit the shell, the running jobs are sent a
5136 signal and the shell exits.
5138 The shell supports three modes of reading command lines from a
5152 the shell simply reads lines using the normal
5159 option is set, the shell allows emacs-like editing of the command; similarly,
5162 option is set, the shell allows vi-like editing of the command.
5185 slightly different from the emacs mode in the original Korn shell.
5190 control characters when the shell is invoked; these bindings can be changed
5431 Causes the current input line to be processed by the shell.
5434 Causes the current input line to be processed by the shell, and the next line
5622 The current line is read, parsed, and executed by the shell.
5681 at the start of the current line and return the line to the shell (equivalent
6084 The current line is read, parsed, and executed by the shell.
6117 Shell database.
6178 .%B "\\*(tNUNIX\\*(sP Shell Programming"
6188 .%V "Part 2: Shell and Utilities"
6196 .%B "Learning the Korn Shell"
6205 .%B "Learning the Korn Shell, Second Edition"
6220 .Nm "The MirBSD Korn Shell"
6224 This shell is based upon the Public Domain Korn SHell.
6229 .\" Charles Forsyth, author of the (Public Domain) Bourne Shell clone,