Home | History | Annotate | Download | only in src
      1 /*	$OpenBSD: exec.c,v 1.49 2009/01/29 23:27:26 jaredy Exp $	*/
      2 
      3 /*-
      4  * Copyright (c) 2003, 2004, 2005, 2006, 2007, 2008, 2009, 2010, 2011
      5  *	Thorsten Glaser <tg (at) mirbsd.org>
      6  *
      7  * Provided that these terms and disclaimer and all copyright notices
      8  * are retained or reproduced in an accompanying document, permission
      9  * is granted to deal in this work without restriction, including un-
     10  * limited rights to use, publicly perform, distribute, sell, modify,
     11  * merge, give away, or sublicence.
     12  *
     13  * This work is provided "AS IS" and WITHOUT WARRANTY of any kind, to
     14  * the utmost extent permitted by applicable law, neither express nor
     15  * implied; without malicious intent or gross negligence. In no event
     16  * may a licensor, author or contributor be held liable for indirect,
     17  * direct, other damage, loss, or other issues arising in any way out
     18  * of dealing in the work, even if advised of the possibility of such
     19  * damage or existence of a defect, except proven that it results out
     20  * of said person's immediate fault when using the work as intended.
     21  */
     22 
     23 #include "sh.h"
     24 
     25 __RCSID("$MirOS: src/bin/mksh/exec.c,v 1.96 2011/09/07 15:24:14 tg Exp $");
     26 
     27 #ifndef MKSH_DEFAULT_EXECSHELL
     28 #define MKSH_DEFAULT_EXECSHELL	"/bin/sh"
     29 #endif
     30 
     31 static int comexec(struct op *, struct tbl * volatile, const char **,
     32     int volatile, volatile int *);
     33 static void scriptexec(struct op *, const char **) MKSH_A_NORETURN;
     34 static int call_builtin(struct tbl *, const char **);
     35 static int iosetup(struct ioword *, struct tbl *);
     36 static int herein(const char *, int, char **);
     37 static const char *do_selectargs(const char **, bool);
     38 static Test_op dbteste_isa(Test_env *, Test_meta);
     39 static const char *dbteste_getopnd(Test_env *, Test_op, bool);
     40 static void dbteste_error(Test_env *, int, const char *);
     41 static int search_access(const char *, int);
     42 
     43 /*
     44  * execute command tree
     45  */
     46 int
     47 execute(struct op * volatile t,
     48     /* if XEXEC don't fork */
     49     volatile int flags,
     50     volatile int * volatile xerrok)
     51 {
     52 	int i;
     53 	volatile int rv = 0, dummy = 0;
     54 	int pv[2];
     55 	const char ** volatile ap = NULL;
     56 	char ** volatile up;
     57 	const char *s, *ccp;
     58 	struct ioword **iowp;
     59 	struct tbl *tp = NULL;
     60 	char *cp;
     61 
     62 	if (t == NULL)
     63 		return (0);
     64 
     65 	/* Caller doesn't care if XERROK should propagate. */
     66 	if (xerrok == NULL)
     67 		xerrok = &dummy;
     68 
     69 	if ((flags&XFORK) && !(flags&XEXEC) && t->type != TPIPE)
     70 		/* run in sub-process */
     71 		return (exchild(t, flags & ~XTIME, xerrok, -1));
     72 
     73 	newenv(E_EXEC);
     74 	if (trap)
     75 		runtraps(0);
     76 
     77 	/* we want to run an executable, do some variance checks */
     78 	if (t->type == TCOM) {
     79 		/* check if this is 'var=<<EOF' */
     80 		if (
     81 		    /* we have zero arguments, i.e. no programme to run */
     82 		    t->args[0] == NULL &&
     83 		    /* we have exactly one variable assignment */
     84 		    t->vars[0] != NULL && t->vars[1] == NULL &&
     85 		    /* we have exactly one I/O redirection */
     86 		    t->ioact != NULL && t->ioact[0] != NULL &&
     87 		    t->ioact[1] == NULL &&
     88 		    /* of type "here document" (or "here string") */
     89 		    (t->ioact[0]->flag & IOTYPE) == IOHERE &&
     90 		    /* the variable assignment begins with a valid varname */
     91 		    (ccp = skip_wdvarname(t->vars[0], true)) != t->vars[0] &&
     92 		    /* and has no right-hand side (i.e. "varname=") */
     93 		    ccp[0] == CHAR && ccp[1] == '=' && ccp[2] == EOS &&
     94 		    /* plus we can have a here document content */
     95 		    herein(t->ioact[0]->heredoc, t->ioact[0]->flag & IOEVAL,
     96 		    &cp) == 0 && cp && *cp) {
     97 			char *sp = cp, *dp;
     98 			size_t n = ccp - t->vars[0] + 2, z;
     99 
    100 			/* drop redirection (will be garbage collected) */
    101 			t->ioact = NULL;
    102 
    103 			/* set variable to its expanded value */
    104 			z = strlen(cp) + 1;
    105 			if (notoktomul(z, 2) || notoktoadd(z * 2, n))
    106 				internal_errorf(Toomem, (unsigned long)-1);
    107 			dp = alloc(z * 2 + n, ATEMP);
    108 			memcpy(dp, t->vars[0], n);
    109 			t->vars[0] = dp;
    110 			dp += n;
    111 			while (*sp) {
    112 				*dp++ = QCHAR;
    113 				*dp++ = *sp++;
    114 			}
    115 			*dp = EOS;
    116 			/* free the expanded value */
    117 			afree(cp, APERM);
    118 		}
    119 
    120 		/*
    121 		 * Clear subst_exstat before argument expansion. Used by
    122 		 * null commands (see comexec() and c_eval()) and by c_set().
    123 		 */
    124 		subst_exstat = 0;
    125 
    126 		/* for $LINENO */
    127 		current_lineno = t->lineno;
    128 
    129 		/*
    130 		 * POSIX says expand command words first, then redirections,
    131 		 * and assignments last..
    132 		 */
    133 		up = eval(t->args, t->u.evalflags | DOBLANK | DOGLOB | DOTILDE);
    134 		if (flags & XTIME)
    135 			/* Allow option parsing (bizarre, but POSIX) */
    136 			timex_hook(t, &up);
    137 		ap = (const char **)up;
    138 		if (Flag(FXTRACE) && ap[0]) {
    139 			shf_puts(substitute(str_val(global("PS4")), 0),
    140 			    shl_out);
    141 			for (i = 0; ap[i]; i++)
    142 				shf_fprintf(shl_out, "%s%c", ap[i],
    143 				    ap[i + 1] ? ' ' : '\n');
    144 			shf_flush(shl_out);
    145 		}
    146 		if (ap[0])
    147 			tp = findcom(ap[0], FC_BI|FC_FUNC);
    148 	}
    149 	flags &= ~XTIME;
    150 
    151 	if (t->ioact != NULL || t->type == TPIPE || t->type == TCOPROC) {
    152 		e->savefd = alloc2(NUFILE, sizeof(short), ATEMP);
    153 		/* initialise to not redirected */
    154 		memset(e->savefd, 0, NUFILE * sizeof(short));
    155 	}
    156 
    157 	/* mark for replacement later (unless TPIPE) */
    158 	vp_pipest->flag |= INT_L;
    159 
    160 	/* do redirection, to be restored in quitenv() */
    161 	if (t->ioact != NULL)
    162 		for (iowp = t->ioact; *iowp != NULL; iowp++) {
    163 			if (iosetup(*iowp, tp) < 0) {
    164 				exstat = rv = 1;
    165 				/*
    166 				 * Redirection failures for special commands
    167 				 * cause (non-interactive) shell to exit.
    168 				 */
    169 				if (tp && tp->type == CSHELL &&
    170 				    (tp->flag & SPEC_BI))
    171 					errorfz();
    172 				/* Deal with FERREXIT, quitenv(), etc. */
    173 				goto Break;
    174 			}
    175 		}
    176 
    177 	switch (t->type) {
    178 	case TCOM:
    179 		rv = comexec(t, tp, (const char **)ap, flags, xerrok);
    180 		break;
    181 
    182 	case TPAREN:
    183 		rv = execute(t->left, flags | XFORK, xerrok);
    184 		break;
    185 
    186 	case TPIPE:
    187 		flags |= XFORK;
    188 		flags &= ~XEXEC;
    189 		e->savefd[0] = savefd(0);
    190 		e->savefd[1] = savefd(1);
    191 		while (t->type == TPIPE) {
    192 			openpipe(pv);
    193 			/* stdout of curr */
    194 			ksh_dup2(pv[1], 1, false);
    195 			/**
    196 			 * Let exchild() close pv[0] in child
    197 			 * (if this isn't done, commands like
    198 			 *	(: ; cat /etc/termcap) | sleep 1
    199 			 * will hang forever).
    200 			 */
    201 			exchild(t->left, flags | XPIPEO | XCCLOSE,
    202 			    NULL, pv[0]);
    203 			/* stdin of next */
    204 			ksh_dup2(pv[0], 0, false);
    205 			closepipe(pv);
    206 			flags |= XPIPEI;
    207 			t = t->right;
    208 		}
    209 		/* stdout of last */
    210 		restfd(1, e->savefd[1]);
    211 		/* no need to re-restore this */
    212 		e->savefd[1] = 0;
    213 		/* Let exchild() close 0 in parent, after fork, before wait */
    214 		i = exchild(t, flags | XPCLOSE | XPIPEST, xerrok, 0);
    215 		if (!(flags&XBGND) && !(flags&XXCOM))
    216 			rv = i;
    217 		break;
    218 
    219 	case TLIST:
    220 		while (t->type == TLIST) {
    221 			execute(t->left, flags & XERROK, NULL);
    222 			t = t->right;
    223 		}
    224 		rv = execute(t, flags & XERROK, xerrok);
    225 		break;
    226 
    227 	case TCOPROC: {
    228 #ifndef MKSH_NOPROSPECTOFWORK
    229 		sigset_t omask;
    230 
    231 		/*
    232 		 * Block sigchild as we are using things changed in the
    233 		 * signal handler
    234 		 */
    235 		sigprocmask(SIG_BLOCK, &sm_sigchld, &omask);
    236 		e->type = E_ERRH;
    237 		i = sigsetjmp(e->jbuf, 0);
    238 		if (i) {
    239 			sigprocmask(SIG_SETMASK, &omask, NULL);
    240 			quitenv(NULL);
    241 			unwind(i);
    242 			/* NOTREACHED */
    243 		}
    244 #endif
    245 		/* Already have a (live) co-process? */
    246 		if (coproc.job && coproc.write >= 0)
    247 			errorf("coprocess already exists");
    248 
    249 		/* Can we re-use the existing co-process pipe? */
    250 		coproc_cleanup(true);
    251 
    252 		/* do this before opening pipes, in case these fail */
    253 		e->savefd[0] = savefd(0);
    254 		e->savefd[1] = savefd(1);
    255 
    256 		openpipe(pv);
    257 		if (pv[0] != 0) {
    258 			ksh_dup2(pv[0], 0, false);
    259 			close(pv[0]);
    260 		}
    261 		coproc.write = pv[1];
    262 		coproc.job = NULL;
    263 
    264 		if (coproc.readw >= 0)
    265 			ksh_dup2(coproc.readw, 1, false);
    266 		else {
    267 			openpipe(pv);
    268 			coproc.read = pv[0];
    269 			ksh_dup2(pv[1], 1, false);
    270 			/* closed before first read */
    271 			coproc.readw = pv[1];
    272 			coproc.njobs = 0;
    273 			/* create new coprocess id */
    274 			++coproc.id;
    275 		}
    276 #ifndef MKSH_NOPROSPECTOFWORK
    277 		sigprocmask(SIG_SETMASK, &omask, NULL);
    278 		/* no more need for error handler */
    279 		e->type = E_EXEC;
    280 #endif
    281 
    282 		/*
    283 		 * exchild() closes coproc.* in child after fork,
    284 		 * will also increment coproc.njobs when the
    285 		 * job is actually created.
    286 		 */
    287 		flags &= ~XEXEC;
    288 		exchild(t->left, flags | XBGND | XFORK | XCOPROC | XCCLOSE,
    289 		    NULL, coproc.readw);
    290 		break;
    291 	}
    292 
    293 	case TASYNC:
    294 		/*
    295 		 * XXX non-optimal, I think - "(foo &)", forks for (),
    296 		 * forks again for async... parent should optimise
    297 		 * this to "foo &"...
    298 		 */
    299 		rv = execute(t->left, (flags&~XEXEC)|XBGND|XFORK, xerrok);
    300 		break;
    301 
    302 	case TOR:
    303 	case TAND:
    304 		rv = execute(t->left, XERROK, xerrok);
    305 		if ((rv == 0) == (t->type == TAND))
    306 			rv = execute(t->right, XERROK, xerrok);
    307 		flags |= XERROK;
    308 		if (xerrok)
    309 			*xerrok = 1;
    310 		break;
    311 
    312 	case TBANG:
    313 		rv = !execute(t->right, XERROK, xerrok);
    314 		flags |= XERROK;
    315 		if (xerrok)
    316 			*xerrok = 1;
    317 		break;
    318 
    319 	case TDBRACKET: {
    320 		Test_env te;
    321 
    322 		te.flags = TEF_DBRACKET;
    323 		te.pos.wp = t->args;
    324 		te.isa = dbteste_isa;
    325 		te.getopnd = dbteste_getopnd;
    326 		te.eval = test_eval;
    327 		te.error = dbteste_error;
    328 
    329 		rv = test_parse(&te);
    330 		break;
    331 	}
    332 
    333 	case TFOR:
    334 	case TSELECT: {
    335 		volatile bool is_first = true;
    336 		ap = (t->vars == NULL) ? e->loc->argv + 1 :
    337 		    (const char **)eval((const char **)t->vars,
    338 		    DOBLANK | DOGLOB | DOTILDE);
    339 		e->type = E_LOOP;
    340 		while (/* CONSTCOND */ 1) {
    341 			i = sigsetjmp(e->jbuf, 0);
    342 			if (!i)
    343 				break;
    344 			if ((e->flags&EF_BRKCONT_PASS) ||
    345 			    (i != LBREAK && i != LCONTIN)) {
    346 				quitenv(NULL);
    347 				unwind(i);
    348 			} else if (i == LBREAK) {
    349 				rv = 0;
    350 				goto Break;
    351 			}
    352 		}
    353 		/* in case of a continue */
    354 		rv = 0;
    355 		if (t->type == TFOR) {
    356 			while (*ap != NULL) {
    357 				setstr(global(t->str), *ap++, KSH_UNWIND_ERROR);
    358 				rv = execute(t->left, flags & XERROK, xerrok);
    359 			}
    360 		} else {
    361 			/* TSELECT */
    362 			for (;;) {
    363 				if (!(ccp = do_selectargs(ap, is_first))) {
    364 					rv = 1;
    365 					break;
    366 				}
    367 				is_first = false;
    368 				setstr(global(t->str), ccp, KSH_UNWIND_ERROR);
    369 				execute(t->left, flags & XERROK, xerrok);
    370 			}
    371 		}
    372 		break;
    373 	}
    374 
    375 	case TWHILE:
    376 	case TUNTIL:
    377 		e->type = E_LOOP;
    378 		while (/* CONSTCOND */ 1) {
    379 			i = sigsetjmp(e->jbuf, 0);
    380 			if (!i)
    381 				break;
    382 			if ((e->flags&EF_BRKCONT_PASS) ||
    383 			    (i != LBREAK && i != LCONTIN)) {
    384 				quitenv(NULL);
    385 				unwind(i);
    386 			} else if (i == LBREAK) {
    387 				rv = 0;
    388 				goto Break;
    389 			}
    390 		}
    391 		/* in case of a continue */
    392 		rv = 0;
    393 		while ((execute(t->left, XERROK, NULL) == 0) ==
    394 		    (t->type == TWHILE))
    395 			rv = execute(t->right, flags & XERROK, xerrok);
    396 		break;
    397 
    398 	case TIF:
    399 	case TELIF:
    400 		if (t->right == NULL)
    401 			/* should be error */
    402 			break;
    403 		rv = execute(t->left, XERROK, NULL) == 0 ?
    404 		    execute(t->right->left, flags & XERROK, xerrok) :
    405 		    execute(t->right->right, flags & XERROK, xerrok);
    406 		break;
    407 
    408 	case TCASE:
    409 		i = 0;
    410 		ccp = evalstr(t->str, DOTILDE);
    411 		for (t = t->left; t != NULL && t->type == TPAT; t = t->right) {
    412 			for (ap = (const char **)t->vars; *ap; ap++) {
    413 				if (i || ((s = evalstr(*ap, DOTILDE|DOPAT)) &&
    414 				    gmatchx(ccp, s, false))) {
    415 					rv = execute(t->left, flags & XERROK,
    416 					    xerrok);
    417 					i = 0;
    418 					switch (t->u.charflag) {
    419 					case '&':
    420 						i = 1;
    421 						/* FALLTHROUGH */
    422 					case '|':
    423 						goto TCASE_next;
    424 					}
    425 					goto TCASE_out;
    426 				}
    427 			}
    428 			i = 0;
    429  TCASE_next:
    430 			/* empty */;
    431 		}
    432  TCASE_out:
    433 		break;
    434 
    435 	case TBRACE:
    436 		rv = execute(t->left, flags & XERROK, xerrok);
    437 		break;
    438 
    439 	case TFUNCT:
    440 		rv = define(t->str, t);
    441 		break;
    442 
    443 	case TTIME:
    444 		/*
    445 		 * Clear XEXEC so nested execute() call doesn't exit
    446 		 * (allows "ls -l | time grep foo").
    447 		 */
    448 		rv = timex(t, flags & ~XEXEC, xerrok);
    449 		break;
    450 
    451 	case TEXEC:
    452 		/* an eval'd TCOM */
    453 		s = t->args[0];
    454 		up = makenv();
    455 		restoresigs();
    456 		cleanup_proc_env();
    457 		{
    458 			union mksh_ccphack cargs;
    459 
    460 			cargs.ro = t->args;
    461 			execve(t->str, cargs.rw, up);
    462 			rv = errno;
    463 		}
    464 		if (rv == ENOEXEC)
    465 			scriptexec(t, (const char **)up);
    466 		else
    467 			errorf("%s: %s", s, strerror(rv));
    468 	}
    469  Break:
    470 	exstat = rv;
    471 	if (vp_pipest->flag & INT_L) {
    472 		unset(vp_pipest, 1);
    473 		vp_pipest->flag = DEFINED | ISSET | INTEGER | RDONLY |
    474 		    ARRAY | INT_U;
    475 		vp_pipest->val.i = rv;
    476 	}
    477 
    478 	/* restores IO */
    479 	quitenv(NULL);
    480 	if ((flags&XEXEC))
    481 		/* exit child */
    482 		unwind(LEXIT);
    483 	if (rv != 0 && !(flags & XERROK) &&
    484 	    (xerrok == NULL || !*xerrok)) {
    485 		trapsig(ksh_SIGERR);
    486 		if (Flag(FERREXIT))
    487 			unwind(LERROR);
    488 	}
    489 	return (rv);
    490 }
    491 
    492 /*
    493  * execute simple command
    494  */
    495 
    496 static int
    497 comexec(struct op *t, struct tbl * volatile tp, const char **ap,
    498     volatile int flags, volatile int *xerrok)
    499 {
    500 	int i;
    501 	volatile int rv = 0;
    502 	const char *cp;
    503 	const char **lastp;
    504 	/* Must be static (XXX but why?) */
    505 	static struct op texec;
    506 	int type_flags;
    507 	int keepasn_ok;
    508 	int fcflags = FC_BI|FC_FUNC|FC_PATH;
    509 	bool bourne_function_call = false;
    510 	struct block *l_expand, *l_assign;
    511 
    512 	/*
    513 	 * snag the last argument for $_ XXX not the same as AT&T ksh,
    514 	 * which only seems to set $_ after a newline (but not in
    515 	 * functions/dot scripts, but in interactive and script) -
    516 	 * perhaps save last arg here and set it in shell()?.
    517 	 */
    518 	if (Flag(FTALKING) && *(lastp = ap)) {
    519 		while (*++lastp)
    520 			;
    521 		/* setstr() can't fail here */
    522 		setstr(typeset("_", LOCAL, 0, INTEGER, 0), *--lastp,
    523 		    KSH_RETURN_ERROR);
    524 	}
    525 
    526 	/**
    527 	 * Deal with the shell builtins builtin, exec and command since
    528 	 * they can be followed by other commands. This must be done before
    529 	 * we know if we should create a local block which must be done
    530 	 * before we can do a path search (in case the assignments change
    531 	 * PATH).
    532 	 * Odd cases:
    533 	 *	FOO=bar exec >/dev/null		FOO is kept but not exported
    534 	 *	FOO=bar exec foobar		FOO is exported
    535 	 *	FOO=bar command exec >/dev/null	FOO is neither kept nor exported
    536 	 *	FOO=bar command			FOO is neither kept nor exported
    537 	 *	PATH=... foobar			use new PATH in foobar search
    538 	 */
    539 	keepasn_ok = 1;
    540 	while (tp && tp->type == CSHELL) {
    541 		/* undo effects of command */
    542 		fcflags = FC_BI|FC_FUNC|FC_PATH;
    543 		if (tp->val.f == c_builtin) {
    544 			if ((cp = *++ap) == NULL ||
    545 			    (!strcmp(cp, "--") && (cp = *++ap) == NULL)) {
    546 				tp = NULL;
    547 				break;
    548 			}
    549 			if ((tp = findcom(cp, FC_BI)) == NULL)
    550 				errorf("%s: %s: %s", Tbuiltin, cp, "not a builtin");
    551 			continue;
    552 		} else if (tp->val.f == c_exec) {
    553 			if (ap[1] == NULL)
    554 				break;
    555 			ap++;
    556 			flags |= XEXEC;
    557 		} else if (tp->val.f == c_command) {
    558 			int optc, saw_p = 0;
    559 
    560 			/*
    561 			 * Ugly dealing with options in two places (here
    562 			 * and in c_command(), but such is life)
    563 			 */
    564 			ksh_getopt_reset(&builtin_opt, 0);
    565 			while ((optc = ksh_getopt(ap, &builtin_opt, ":p")) == 'p')
    566 				saw_p = 1;
    567 			if (optc != EOF)
    568 				/* command -vV or something */
    569 				break;
    570 			/* don't look for functions */
    571 			fcflags = FC_BI|FC_PATH;
    572 			if (saw_p) {
    573 				if (Flag(FRESTRICTED)) {
    574 					warningf(true, "%s: %s",
    575 					    "command -p", "restricted");
    576 					rv = 1;
    577 					goto Leave;
    578 				}
    579 				fcflags |= FC_DEFPATH;
    580 			}
    581 			ap += builtin_opt.optind;
    582 			/*
    583 			 * POSIX says special builtins lose their status
    584 			 * if accessed using command.
    585 			 */
    586 			keepasn_ok = 0;
    587 			if (!ap[0]) {
    588 				/* ensure command with no args exits with 0 */
    589 				subst_exstat = 0;
    590 				break;
    591 			}
    592 #ifndef MKSH_NO_EXTERNAL_CAT
    593 		} else if (tp->val.f == c_cat) {
    594 			/*
    595 			 * if we have any flags, do not use the builtin
    596 			 * in theory, we could allow -u, but that would
    597 			 * mean to use ksh_getopt here and possibly ad-
    598 			 * ded complexity and more code and isn't worth
    599 			 * additional hassle (and the builtin must call
    600 			 * ksh_getopt already but can't come back here)
    601 			 */
    602 			if (ap[1] && ap[1][0] == '-' && ap[1][1] != '\0' &&
    603 			    /* argument, begins with -, is not - or -- */
    604 			    (ap[1][1] != '-' || ap[1][2] != '\0'))
    605 				/* don't look for builtins or functions */
    606 				fcflags = FC_PATH;
    607 			else
    608 				/* go on, use the builtin */
    609 				break;
    610 #endif
    611 		} else
    612 			break;
    613 		tp = findcom(ap[0], fcflags & (FC_BI|FC_FUNC));
    614 	}
    615 	l_expand = e->loc;
    616 	if (keepasn_ok && (!ap[0] || (tp && (tp->flag & KEEPASN))))
    617 		type_flags = 0;
    618 	else {
    619 		/* create new variable/function block */
    620 		newblock();
    621 		/* ksh functions don't keep assignments, POSIX functions do. */
    622 		if (keepasn_ok && tp && tp->type == CFUNC &&
    623 		    !(tp->flag & FKSH)) {
    624 			bourne_function_call = true;
    625 			type_flags = EXPORT;
    626 		} else
    627 			type_flags = LOCAL|LOCAL_COPY|EXPORT;
    628 	}
    629 	l_assign = e->loc;
    630 	if (Flag(FEXPORT))
    631 		type_flags |= EXPORT;
    632 	for (i = 0; t->vars[i]; i++) {
    633 		/* do NOT lookup in the new var/fn block just created */
    634 		e->loc = l_expand;
    635 		cp = evalstr(t->vars[i], DOASNTILDE);
    636 		e->loc = l_assign;
    637 		/* but assign in there as usual */
    638 
    639 		if (Flag(FXTRACE)) {
    640 			if (i == 0)
    641 				shf_puts(substitute(str_val(global("PS4")), 0),
    642 				    shl_out);
    643 			shf_fprintf(shl_out, "%s%c", cp,
    644 			    t->vars[i + 1] ? ' ' : '\n');
    645 			if (!t->vars[i + 1])
    646 				shf_flush(shl_out);
    647 		}
    648 		typeset(cp, type_flags, 0, 0, 0);
    649 		if (bourne_function_call && !(type_flags & EXPORT))
    650 			typeset(cp, LOCAL|LOCAL_COPY|EXPORT, 0, 0, 0);
    651 	}
    652 
    653 	if ((cp = *ap) == NULL) {
    654 		rv = subst_exstat;
    655 		goto Leave;
    656 	} else if (!tp) {
    657 		if (Flag(FRESTRICTED) && vstrchr(cp, '/')) {
    658 			warningf(true, "%s: %s", cp, "restricted");
    659 			rv = 1;
    660 			goto Leave;
    661 		}
    662 		tp = findcom(cp, fcflags);
    663 	}
    664 
    665 	switch (tp->type) {
    666 
    667 	/* shell built-in */
    668 	case CSHELL:
    669 		rv = call_builtin(tp, (const char **)ap);
    670 		break;
    671 
    672 	/* function call */
    673 	case CFUNC: {
    674 		volatile unsigned char old_xflag;
    675 		volatile uint32_t old_inuse;
    676 		const char * volatile old_kshname;
    677 
    678 		if (!(tp->flag & ISSET)) {
    679 			struct tbl *ftp;
    680 
    681 			if (!tp->u.fpath) {
    682 				rv = (tp->u2.errnov == ENOENT) ? 127 : 126;
    683 				warningf(true, "%s: %s %s: %s", cp,
    684 				    "can't find", "function definition file",
    685 				    strerror(tp->u2.errnov));
    686 				break;
    687 			}
    688 			if (include(tp->u.fpath, 0, NULL, 0) < 0) {
    689 				rv = errno;
    690 				warningf(true, "%s: %s %s %s: %s", cp,
    691 				    "can't open", "function definition file",
    692 				    tp->u.fpath, strerror(rv));
    693 				rv = 127;
    694 				break;
    695 			}
    696 			if (!(ftp = findfunc(cp, hash(cp), false)) ||
    697 			    !(ftp->flag & ISSET)) {
    698 				warningf(true, "%s: %s %s", cp,
    699 				    "function not defined by", tp->u.fpath);
    700 				rv = 127;
    701 				break;
    702 			}
    703 			tp = ftp;
    704 		}
    705 
    706 		/*
    707 		 * ksh functions set $0 to function name, POSIX
    708 		 * functions leave $0 unchanged.
    709 		 */
    710 		old_kshname = kshname;
    711 		if (tp->flag & FKSH)
    712 			kshname = ap[0];
    713 		else
    714 			ap[0] = kshname;
    715 		e->loc->argv = ap;
    716 		for (i = 0; *ap++ != NULL; i++)
    717 			;
    718 		e->loc->argc = i - 1;
    719 		/*
    720 		 * ksh-style functions handle getopts sanely,
    721 		 * Bourne/POSIX functions are insane...
    722 		 */
    723 		if (tp->flag & FKSH) {
    724 			e->loc->flags |= BF_DOGETOPTS;
    725 			e->loc->getopts_state = user_opt;
    726 			getopts_reset(1);
    727 		}
    728 
    729 		old_xflag = Flag(FXTRACE);
    730 		Flag(FXTRACE) |= tp->flag & TRACE ? 1 : 0;
    731 
    732 		old_inuse = tp->flag & FINUSE;
    733 		tp->flag |= FINUSE;
    734 
    735 		e->type = E_FUNC;
    736 		i = sigsetjmp(e->jbuf, 0);
    737 		if (i == 0) {
    738 			/* seems odd to pass XERROK here, but AT&T ksh does */
    739 			exstat = execute(tp->val.t, flags & XERROK, xerrok);
    740 			i = LRETURN;
    741 		}
    742 		kshname = old_kshname;
    743 		Flag(FXTRACE) = old_xflag;
    744 		tp->flag = (tp->flag & ~FINUSE) | old_inuse;
    745 		/*
    746 		 * Were we deleted while executing? If so, free the
    747 		 * execution tree. TODO: Unfortunately, the table entry
    748 		 * is never re-used until the lookup table is expanded.
    749 		 */
    750 		if ((tp->flag & (FDELETE|FINUSE)) == FDELETE) {
    751 			if (tp->flag & ALLOC) {
    752 				tp->flag &= ~ALLOC;
    753 				tfree(tp->val.t, tp->areap);
    754 			}
    755 			tp->flag = 0;
    756 		}
    757 		switch (i) {
    758 		case LRETURN:
    759 		case LERROR:
    760 			rv = exstat;
    761 			break;
    762 		case LINTR:
    763 		case LEXIT:
    764 		case LLEAVE:
    765 		case LSHELL:
    766 			quitenv(NULL);
    767 			unwind(i);
    768 			/* NOTREACHED */
    769 		default:
    770 			quitenv(NULL);
    771 			internal_errorf("%s %d", "CFUNC", i);
    772 		}
    773 		break;
    774 	}
    775 
    776 	/* executable command */
    777 	case CEXEC:
    778 	/* tracked alias */
    779 	case CTALIAS:
    780 		if (!(tp->flag&ISSET)) {
    781 			if (tp->u2.errnov == ENOENT) {
    782 				rv = 127;
    783 				warningf(true, "%s: %s", cp, "not found");
    784 			} else {
    785 				rv = 126;
    786 				warningf(true, "%s: %s: %s", cp, "can't execute",
    787 				    strerror(tp->u2.errnov));
    788 			}
    789 			break;
    790 		}
    791 
    792 		/* set $_ to programme's full path */
    793 		/* setstr() can't fail here */
    794 		setstr(typeset("_", LOCAL|EXPORT, 0, INTEGER, 0),
    795 		    tp->val.s, KSH_RETURN_ERROR);
    796 
    797 		if (flags&XEXEC) {
    798 			j_exit();
    799 			if (!(flags&XBGND)
    800 #ifndef MKSH_UNEMPLOYED
    801 			    || Flag(FMONITOR)
    802 #endif
    803 			    ) {
    804 				setexecsig(&sigtraps[SIGINT], SS_RESTORE_ORIG);
    805 				setexecsig(&sigtraps[SIGQUIT], SS_RESTORE_ORIG);
    806 			}
    807 		}
    808 
    809 		/* to fork we set up a TEXEC node and call execute */
    810 		texec.type = TEXEC;
    811 		/* for tprint */
    812 		texec.left = t;
    813 		texec.str = tp->val.s;
    814 		texec.args = ap;
    815 		rv = exchild(&texec, flags, xerrok, -1);
    816 		break;
    817 	}
    818  Leave:
    819 	if (flags & XEXEC) {
    820 		exstat = rv;
    821 		unwind(LLEAVE);
    822 	}
    823 	return (rv);
    824 }
    825 
    826 static void
    827 scriptexec(struct op *tp, const char **ap)
    828 {
    829 	const char *sh;
    830 #ifndef MKSH_SMALL
    831 	unsigned char *cp;
    832 	/* 64 == MAXINTERP in MirBSD <sys/param.h> */
    833 	char buf[64];
    834 	int fd;
    835 #endif
    836 	union mksh_ccphack args, cap;
    837 
    838 	sh = str_val(global("EXECSHELL"));
    839 	if (sh && *sh)
    840 		sh = search_path(sh, path, X_OK, NULL);
    841 	if (!sh || !*sh)
    842 		sh = MKSH_DEFAULT_EXECSHELL;
    843 
    844 	*tp->args-- = tp->str;
    845 
    846 #ifndef MKSH_SMALL
    847 	if ((fd = open(tp->str, O_RDONLY)) >= 0) {
    848 		/* read first MAXINTERP octets from file */
    849 		if (read(fd, buf, sizeof(buf)) <= 0)
    850 			/* read error -> no good */
    851 			buf[0] = '\0';
    852 		close(fd);
    853 
    854 		/* skip UTF-8 Byte Order Mark, if present */
    855 		cp = (unsigned char *)buf;
    856 		if ((cp[0] == 0xEF) && (cp[1] == 0xBB) && (cp[2] == 0xBF))
    857 			cp += 3;
    858 		/* save begin of shebang for later */
    859 		fd = (char *)cp - buf;		/* either 0 or (if BOM) 3 */
    860 
    861 		/* scan for newline (or CR) or NUL _before_ end of buffer */
    862 		while ((char *)cp < (buf + sizeof(buf)))
    863 			if (*cp == '\0' || *cp == '\n' || *cp == '\r') {
    864 				*cp = '\0';
    865 				break;
    866 			} else
    867 				++cp;
    868 		/* if the shebang line is longer than MAXINTERP, bail out */
    869 		if ((char *)cp >= (buf + sizeof(buf)))
    870 			goto noshebang;
    871 
    872 		/* restore begin of shebang position (buf+0 or buf+3) */
    873 		cp = (unsigned char *)(buf + fd);
    874 		/* bail out if read error (above) or no shebang */
    875 		if ((cp[0] != '#') || (cp[1] != '!'))
    876 			goto noshebang;
    877 
    878 		cp += 2;
    879 		/* skip whitespace before shell name */
    880 		while (*cp == ' ' || *cp == '\t')
    881 			++cp;
    882 		/* just whitespace on the line? */
    883 		if (*cp == '\0')
    884 			goto noshebang;
    885 		/* no, we actually found an interpreter name */
    886 		sh = (char *)cp;
    887 		/* look for end of shell/interpreter name */
    888 		while (*cp != ' ' && *cp != '\t' && *cp != '\0')
    889 			++cp;
    890 		/* any arguments? */
    891 		if (*cp) {
    892 			*cp++ = '\0';
    893 			/* skip spaces before arguments */
    894 			while (*cp == ' ' || *cp == '\t')
    895 				++cp;
    896 			/* pass it all in ONE argument (historic reasons) */
    897 			if (*cp)
    898 				*tp->args-- = (char *)cp;
    899 		}
    900  noshebang:
    901 		fd = buf[0] << 8 | buf[1];
    902 		if ((fd == /* OMAGIC */ 0407) ||
    903 		    (fd == /* NMAGIC */ 0410) ||
    904 		    (fd == /* ZMAGIC */ 0413) ||
    905 		    (fd == /* QMAGIC */ 0314) ||
    906 		    (fd == /* ECOFF_I386 */ 0x4C01) ||
    907 		    (fd == /* ECOFF_M68K */ 0x0150 || fd == 0x5001) ||
    908 		    (fd == /* ECOFF_SH */   0x0500 || fd == 0x0005) ||
    909 		    (fd == 0x7F45 && buf[2] == 'L' && buf[3] == 'F') ||
    910 		    (fd == /* "MZ" */ 0x4D5A) ||
    911 		    (fd == /* gzip */ 0x1F8B))
    912 			errorf("%s: not executable: magic %04X", tp->str, fd);
    913 	}
    914 #endif
    915 	args.ro = tp->args;
    916 	*args.ro = sh;
    917 
    918 	cap.ro = ap;
    919 	execve(args.rw[0], args.rw, cap.rw);
    920 
    921 	/* report both the programme that was run and the bogus interpreter */
    922 	errorf("%s: %s: %s", tp->str, sh, strerror(errno));
    923 }
    924 
    925 int
    926 shcomexec(const char **wp)
    927 {
    928 	struct tbl *tp;
    929 
    930 	tp = ktsearch(&builtins, *wp, hash(*wp));
    931 	if (tp == NULL)
    932 		internal_errorf("%s: %s", "shcomexec", *wp);
    933 	return (call_builtin(tp, wp));
    934 }
    935 
    936 /*
    937  * Search function tables for a function. If create set, a table entry
    938  * is created if none is found.
    939  */
    940 struct tbl *
    941 findfunc(const char *name, uint32_t h, bool create)
    942 {
    943 	struct block *l;
    944 	struct tbl *tp = NULL;
    945 
    946 	for (l = e->loc; l; l = l->next) {
    947 		tp = ktsearch(&l->funs, name, h);
    948 		if (tp)
    949 			break;
    950 		if (!l->next && create) {
    951 			tp = ktenter(&l->funs, name, h);
    952 			tp->flag = DEFINED;
    953 			tp->type = CFUNC;
    954 			tp->val.t = NULL;
    955 			break;
    956 		}
    957 	}
    958 	return (tp);
    959 }
    960 
    961 /*
    962  * define function. Returns 1 if function is being undefined (t == 0) and
    963  * function did not exist, returns 0 otherwise.
    964  */
    965 int
    966 define(const char *name, struct op *t)
    967 {
    968 	uint32_t nhash;
    969 	struct tbl *tp;
    970 	bool was_set = false;
    971 
    972 	nhash = hash(name);
    973 
    974 	if (t != NULL && !tobool(t->u.ksh_func)) {
    975 		/* drop same-name aliases for POSIX functions */
    976 		if ((tp = ktsearch(&aliases, name, nhash)))
    977 			ktdelete(tp);
    978 	}
    979 
    980 	while (/* CONSTCOND */ 1) {
    981 		tp = findfunc(name, nhash, true);
    982 
    983 		if (tp->flag & ISSET)
    984 			was_set = true;
    985 		/*
    986 		 * If this function is currently being executed, we zap
    987 		 * this table entry so findfunc() won't see it
    988 		 */
    989 		if (tp->flag & FINUSE) {
    990 			tp->name[0] = '\0';
    991 			/* ensure it won't be found */
    992 			tp->flag &= ~DEFINED;
    993 			tp->flag |= FDELETE;
    994 		} else
    995 			break;
    996 	}
    997 
    998 	if (tp->flag & ALLOC) {
    999 		tp->flag &= ~(ISSET|ALLOC);
   1000 		tfree(tp->val.t, tp->areap);
   1001 	}
   1002 
   1003 	if (t == NULL) {
   1004 		/* undefine */
   1005 		ktdelete(tp);
   1006 		return (was_set ? 0 : 1);
   1007 	}
   1008 
   1009 	tp->val.t = tcopy(t->left, tp->areap);
   1010 	tp->flag |= (ISSET|ALLOC);
   1011 	if (t->u.ksh_func)
   1012 		tp->flag |= FKSH;
   1013 
   1014 	return (0);
   1015 }
   1016 
   1017 /*
   1018  * add builtin
   1019  */
   1020 const char *
   1021 builtin(const char *name, int (*func) (const char **))
   1022 {
   1023 	struct tbl *tp;
   1024 	uint32_t flag;
   1025 
   1026 	/* see if any flags should be set for this builtin */
   1027 	for (flag = 0; ; name++) {
   1028 		if (*name == '=')
   1029 			/* command does variable assignment */
   1030 			flag |= KEEPASN;
   1031 		else if (*name == '*')
   1032 			/* POSIX special builtin */
   1033 			flag |= SPEC_BI;
   1034 		else if (*name == '+')
   1035 			/* POSIX regular builtin */
   1036 			flag |= REG_BI;
   1037 		else
   1038 			break;
   1039 	}
   1040 
   1041 	tp = ktenter(&builtins, name, hash(name));
   1042 	tp->flag = DEFINED | flag;
   1043 	tp->type = CSHELL;
   1044 	tp->val.f = func;
   1045 
   1046 	return (name);
   1047 }
   1048 
   1049 /*
   1050  * find command
   1051  * either function, hashed command, or built-in (in that order)
   1052  */
   1053 struct tbl *
   1054 findcom(const char *name, int flags)
   1055 {
   1056 	static struct tbl temp;
   1057 	uint32_t h = hash(name);
   1058 	struct tbl *tp = NULL, *tbi;
   1059 	/* insert if not found */
   1060 	unsigned char insert = Flag(FTRACKALL);
   1061 	/* for function autoloading */
   1062 	char *fpath;
   1063 	union mksh_cchack npath;
   1064 
   1065 	if (vstrchr(name, '/')) {
   1066 		insert = 0;
   1067 		/* prevent FPATH search below */
   1068 		flags &= ~FC_FUNC;
   1069 		goto Search;
   1070 	}
   1071 	tbi = (flags & FC_BI) ? ktsearch(&builtins, name, h) : NULL;
   1072 	/*
   1073 	 * POSIX says special builtins first, then functions, then
   1074 	 * POSIX regular builtins, then search path...
   1075 	 */
   1076 	if ((flags & FC_SPECBI) && tbi && (tbi->flag & SPEC_BI))
   1077 		tp = tbi;
   1078 	if (!tp && (flags & FC_FUNC)) {
   1079 		tp = findfunc(name, h, false);
   1080 		if (tp && !(tp->flag & ISSET)) {
   1081 			if ((fpath = str_val(global("FPATH"))) == null) {
   1082 				tp->u.fpath = NULL;
   1083 				tp->u2.errnov = ENOENT;
   1084 			} else
   1085 				tp->u.fpath = search_path(name, fpath, R_OK,
   1086 				    &tp->u2.errnov);
   1087 		}
   1088 	}
   1089 	if (!tp && (flags & FC_REGBI) && tbi && (tbi->flag & REG_BI))
   1090 		tp = tbi;
   1091 	if (!tp && (flags & FC_UNREGBI) && tbi)
   1092 		tp = tbi;
   1093 	if (!tp && (flags & FC_PATH) && !(flags & FC_DEFPATH)) {
   1094 		tp = ktsearch(&taliases, name, h);
   1095 		if (tp && (tp->flag & ISSET) &&
   1096 		    ksh_access(tp->val.s, X_OK) != 0) {
   1097 			if (tp->flag & ALLOC) {
   1098 				tp->flag &= ~ALLOC;
   1099 				afree(tp->val.s, APERM);
   1100 			}
   1101 			tp->flag &= ~ISSET;
   1102 		}
   1103 	}
   1104 
   1105  Search:
   1106 	if ((!tp || (tp->type == CTALIAS && !(tp->flag&ISSET))) &&
   1107 	    (flags & FC_PATH)) {
   1108 		if (!tp) {
   1109 			if (insert && !(flags & FC_DEFPATH)) {
   1110 				tp = ktenter(&taliases, name, h);
   1111 				tp->type = CTALIAS;
   1112 			} else {
   1113 				tp = &temp;
   1114 				tp->type = CEXEC;
   1115 			}
   1116 			/* make ~ISSET */
   1117 			tp->flag = DEFINED;
   1118 		}
   1119 		npath.ro = search_path(name,
   1120 		    (flags & FC_DEFPATH) ? def_path : path,
   1121 		    X_OK, &tp->u2.errnov);
   1122 		if (npath.ro) {
   1123 			strdupx(tp->val.s, npath.ro, APERM);
   1124 			if (npath.ro != name)
   1125 				afree(npath.rw, ATEMP);
   1126 			tp->flag |= ISSET|ALLOC;
   1127 		} else if ((flags & FC_FUNC) &&
   1128 		    (fpath = str_val(global("FPATH"))) != null &&
   1129 		    (npath.ro = search_path(name, fpath, R_OK,
   1130 		    &tp->u2.errnov)) != NULL) {
   1131 			/*
   1132 			 * An undocumented feature of AT&T ksh is that
   1133 			 * it searches FPATH if a command is not found,
   1134 			 * even if the command hasn't been set up as an
   1135 			 * autoloaded function (ie, no typeset -uf).
   1136 			 */
   1137 			tp = &temp;
   1138 			tp->type = CFUNC;
   1139 			/* make ~ISSET */
   1140 			tp->flag = DEFINED;
   1141 			tp->u.fpath = npath.ro;
   1142 		}
   1143 	}
   1144 	return (tp);
   1145 }
   1146 
   1147 /*
   1148  * flush executable commands with relative paths
   1149  * (just relative or all?)
   1150  */
   1151 void
   1152 flushcom(bool all)
   1153 {
   1154 	struct tbl *tp;
   1155 	struct tstate ts;
   1156 
   1157 	for (ktwalk(&ts, &taliases); (tp = ktnext(&ts)) != NULL; )
   1158 		if ((tp->flag&ISSET) && (all || tp->val.s[0] != '/')) {
   1159 			if (tp->flag&ALLOC) {
   1160 				tp->flag &= ~(ALLOC|ISSET);
   1161 				afree(tp->val.s, APERM);
   1162 			}
   1163 			tp->flag &= ~ISSET;
   1164 		}
   1165 }
   1166 
   1167 /* check if path is something we want to find */
   1168 static int
   1169 search_access(const char *fn, int mode)
   1170 {
   1171 	struct stat sb;
   1172 
   1173 	if (stat(fn, &sb) < 0)
   1174 		/* file does not exist */
   1175 		return (ENOENT);
   1176 	/* LINTED use of access */
   1177 	if (access(fn, mode) < 0)
   1178 		/* file exists, but we can't access it */
   1179 		return (errno);
   1180 	if (mode == X_OK && (!S_ISREG(sb.st_mode) ||
   1181 	    !(sb.st_mode & (S_IXUSR|S_IXGRP|S_IXOTH))))
   1182 		/* access(2) may say root can execute everything */
   1183 		return (S_ISDIR(sb.st_mode) ? EISDIR : EACCES);
   1184 	return (0);
   1185 }
   1186 
   1187 /*
   1188  * search for command with PATH
   1189  */
   1190 const char *
   1191 search_path(const char *name, const char *lpath,
   1192     /* R_OK or X_OK */
   1193     int mode,
   1194     /* set if candidate found, but not suitable */
   1195     int *errnop)
   1196 {
   1197 	const char *sp, *p;
   1198 	char *xp;
   1199 	XString xs;
   1200 	size_t namelen;
   1201 	int ec = 0, ev;
   1202 
   1203 	if (vstrchr(name, '/')) {
   1204 		if ((ec = search_access(name, mode)) == 0) {
   1205  search_path_ok:
   1206 			if (errnop)
   1207 				*errnop = 0;
   1208 			return (name);
   1209 		}
   1210 		goto search_path_err;
   1211 	}
   1212 
   1213 	namelen = strlen(name) + 1;
   1214 	Xinit(xs, xp, 128, ATEMP);
   1215 
   1216 	sp = lpath;
   1217 	while (sp != NULL) {
   1218 		xp = Xstring(xs, xp);
   1219 		if (!(p = cstrchr(sp, ':')))
   1220 			p = sp + strlen(sp);
   1221 		if (p != sp) {
   1222 			XcheckN(xs, xp, p - sp);
   1223 			memcpy(xp, sp, p - sp);
   1224 			xp += p - sp;
   1225 			*xp++ = '/';
   1226 		}
   1227 		sp = p;
   1228 		XcheckN(xs, xp, namelen);
   1229 		memcpy(xp, name, namelen);
   1230 		if ((ev = search_access(Xstring(xs, xp), mode)) == 0) {
   1231 			name = Xclose(xs, xp + namelen);
   1232 			goto search_path_ok;
   1233 		}
   1234 		/* accumulate non-ENOENT errors only */
   1235 		if (ev != ENOENT && ec == 0)
   1236 			ec = ev;
   1237 		if (*sp++ == '\0')
   1238 			sp = NULL;
   1239 	}
   1240 	Xfree(xs, xp);
   1241  search_path_err:
   1242 	if (errnop)
   1243 		*errnop = ec ? ec : ENOENT;
   1244 	return (NULL);
   1245 }
   1246 
   1247 static int
   1248 call_builtin(struct tbl *tp, const char **wp)
   1249 {
   1250 	int rv;
   1251 
   1252 	builtin_argv0 = wp[0];
   1253 	builtin_flag = tp->flag;
   1254 	shf_reopen(1, SHF_WR, shl_stdout);
   1255 	shl_stdout_ok = true;
   1256 	ksh_getopt_reset(&builtin_opt, GF_ERROR);
   1257 	rv = (*tp->val.f)(wp);
   1258 	shf_flush(shl_stdout);
   1259 	shl_stdout_ok = false;
   1260 	builtin_flag = 0;
   1261 	builtin_argv0 = NULL;
   1262 	return (rv);
   1263 }
   1264 
   1265 /*
   1266  * set up redirection, saving old fds in e->savefd
   1267  */
   1268 static int
   1269 iosetup(struct ioword *iop, struct tbl *tp)
   1270 {
   1271 	int u = -1;
   1272 	char *cp = iop->name;
   1273 	int iotype = iop->flag & IOTYPE;
   1274 	int do_open = 1, do_close = 0, flags = 0;
   1275 	struct ioword iotmp;
   1276 	struct stat statb;
   1277 
   1278 	if (iotype != IOHERE)
   1279 		cp = evalonestr(cp, DOTILDE|(Flag(FTALKING_I) ? DOGLOB : 0));
   1280 
   1281 	/* Used for tracing and error messages to print expanded cp */
   1282 	iotmp = *iop;
   1283 	iotmp.name = (iotype == IOHERE) ? NULL : cp;
   1284 	iotmp.flag |= IONAMEXP;
   1285 
   1286 	if (Flag(FXTRACE))
   1287 		shellf("%s%s\n",
   1288 		    substitute(str_val(global("PS4")), 0),
   1289 		    snptreef(NULL, 32, "%R", &iotmp));
   1290 
   1291 	switch (iotype) {
   1292 	case IOREAD:
   1293 		flags = O_RDONLY;
   1294 		break;
   1295 
   1296 	case IOCAT:
   1297 		flags = O_WRONLY | O_APPEND | O_CREAT;
   1298 		break;
   1299 
   1300 	case IOWRITE:
   1301 		flags = O_WRONLY | O_CREAT | O_TRUNC;
   1302 		/*
   1303 		 * The stat() is here to allow redirections to
   1304 		 * things like /dev/null without error.
   1305 		 */
   1306 		if (Flag(FNOCLOBBER) && !(iop->flag & IOCLOB) &&
   1307 		    (stat(cp, &statb) < 0 || S_ISREG(statb.st_mode)))
   1308 			flags |= O_EXCL;
   1309 		break;
   1310 
   1311 	case IORDWR:
   1312 		flags = O_RDWR | O_CREAT;
   1313 		break;
   1314 
   1315 	case IOHERE:
   1316 		do_open = 0;
   1317 		/* herein() returns -2 if error has been printed */
   1318 		u = herein(iop->heredoc, iop->flag & IOEVAL, NULL);
   1319 		/* cp may have wrong name */
   1320 		break;
   1321 
   1322 	case IODUP: {
   1323 		const char *emsg;
   1324 
   1325 		do_open = 0;
   1326 		if (*cp == '-' && !cp[1]) {
   1327 			/* prevent error return below */
   1328 			u = 1009;
   1329 			do_close = 1;
   1330 		} else if ((u = check_fd(cp,
   1331 		    X_OK | ((iop->flag & IORDUP) ? R_OK : W_OK),
   1332 		    &emsg)) < 0) {
   1333 			warningf(true, "%s: %s",
   1334 			    snptreef(NULL, 32, "%R", &iotmp), emsg);
   1335 			return (-1);
   1336 		}
   1337 		if (u == iop->unit)
   1338 			/* "dup from" == "dup to" */
   1339 			return (0);
   1340 		break;
   1341 	}
   1342 	}
   1343 
   1344 	if (do_open) {
   1345 		if (Flag(FRESTRICTED) && (flags & O_CREAT)) {
   1346 			warningf(true, "%s: %s", cp, "restricted");
   1347 			return (-1);
   1348 		}
   1349 		u = open(cp, flags, 0666);
   1350 	}
   1351 	if (u < 0) {
   1352 		/* herein() may already have printed message */
   1353 		if (u == -1) {
   1354 			u = errno;
   1355 			warningf(true, "can't %s %s: %s",
   1356 			    iotype == IODUP ? "dup" :
   1357 			    (iotype == IOREAD || iotype == IOHERE) ?
   1358 			    "open" : "create", cp, strerror(u));
   1359 		}
   1360 		return (-1);
   1361 	}
   1362 	/* Do not save if it has already been redirected (i.e. "cat >x >y"). */
   1363 	if (e->savefd[iop->unit] == 0) {
   1364 		/* If these are the same, it means unit was previously closed */
   1365 		if (u == iop->unit)
   1366 			e->savefd[iop->unit] = -1;
   1367 		else
   1368 			/*
   1369 			 * c_exec() assumes e->savefd[fd] set for any
   1370 			 * redirections. Ask savefd() not to close iop->unit;
   1371 			 * this allows error messages to be seen if iop->unit
   1372 			 * is 2; also means we can't lose the fd (eg, both
   1373 			 * dup2 below and dup2 in restfd() failing).
   1374 			 */
   1375 			e->savefd[iop->unit] = savefd(iop->unit);
   1376 	}
   1377 
   1378 	if (do_close)
   1379 		close(iop->unit);
   1380 	else if (u != iop->unit) {
   1381 		if (ksh_dup2(u, iop->unit, true) < 0) {
   1382 			int ev;
   1383 
   1384 			ev = errno;
   1385 			warningf(true, "%s %s %s",
   1386 			    "can't finish (dup) redirection",
   1387 			    snptreef(NULL, 32, "%R", &iotmp),
   1388 			    strerror(ev));
   1389 			if (iotype != IODUP)
   1390 				close(u);
   1391 			return (-1);
   1392 		}
   1393 		if (iotype != IODUP)
   1394 			close(u);
   1395 		/*
   1396 		 * Touching any co-process fd in an empty exec
   1397 		 * causes the shell to close its copies
   1398 		 */
   1399 		else if (tp && tp->type == CSHELL && tp->val.f == c_exec) {
   1400 			if (iop->flag & IORDUP)
   1401 				/* possible exec <&p */
   1402 				coproc_read_close(u);
   1403 			else
   1404 				/* possible exec >&p */
   1405 				coproc_write_close(u);
   1406 		}
   1407 	}
   1408 	if (u == 2)
   1409 		/* Clear any write errors */
   1410 		shf_reopen(2, SHF_WR, shl_out);
   1411 	return (0);
   1412 }
   1413 
   1414 /*
   1415  * Process here documents by providing the content, either as
   1416  * result (globally allocated) string or in a temp file; if
   1417  * unquoted, the string is expanded first.
   1418  */
   1419 static int
   1420 hereinval(const char *content, int sub, char **resbuf, struct shf *shf)
   1421 {
   1422 	const char *ccp;
   1423 	struct source *s, *osource;
   1424 
   1425 	osource = source;
   1426 	newenv(E_ERRH);
   1427 	if (sigsetjmp(e->jbuf, 0)) {
   1428 		source = osource;
   1429 		quitenv(shf);
   1430 		/* special to iosetup(): don't print error */
   1431 		return (-2);
   1432 	}
   1433 	if (sub) {
   1434 		/* do substitutions on the content of heredoc */
   1435 		s = pushs(SSTRING, ATEMP);
   1436 		s->start = s->str = content;
   1437 		source = s;
   1438 		if (yylex(ONEWORD|HEREDOC) != LWORD)
   1439 			internal_errorf("%s: %s", "herein", "yylex");
   1440 		source = osource;
   1441 		ccp = evalstr(yylval.cp, 0);
   1442 	} else
   1443 		ccp = content;
   1444 
   1445 	if (resbuf == NULL)
   1446 		shf_puts(ccp, shf);
   1447 	else
   1448 		strdupx(*resbuf, ccp, APERM);
   1449 
   1450 	quitenv(NULL);
   1451 	return (0);
   1452 }
   1453 
   1454 static int
   1455 herein(const char *content, int sub, char **resbuf)
   1456 {
   1457 	int fd = -1;
   1458 	struct shf *shf;
   1459 	struct temp *h;
   1460 	int i;
   1461 
   1462 	/* ksh -c 'cat << EOF' can cause this... */
   1463 	if (content == NULL) {
   1464 		warningf(true, "%s missing", "here document");
   1465 		/* special to iosetup(): don't print error */
   1466 		return (-2);
   1467 	}
   1468 
   1469 	/* skip all the fd setup if we just want the value */
   1470 	if (resbuf != NULL)
   1471 		return (hereinval(content, sub, resbuf, NULL));
   1472 
   1473 	/*
   1474 	 * Create temp file to hold content (done before newenv
   1475 	 * so temp doesn't get removed too soon).
   1476 	 */
   1477 	h = maketemp(ATEMP, TT_HEREDOC_EXP, &e->temps);
   1478 	if (!(shf = h->shf) || (fd = open(h->name, O_RDONLY, 0)) < 0) {
   1479 		i = errno;
   1480 		warningf(true, "can't %s temporary file %s: %s",
   1481 		    !shf ? "create" : "open", h->name, strerror(i));
   1482 		if (shf)
   1483 			shf_close(shf);
   1484 		/* special to iosetup(): don't print error */
   1485 		return (-2);
   1486 	}
   1487 
   1488 	if (hereinval(content, sub, NULL, shf) == -2) {
   1489 		close(fd);
   1490 		/* special to iosetup(): don't print error */
   1491 		return (-2);
   1492 	}
   1493 
   1494 	if (shf_close(shf) == EOF) {
   1495 		i = errno;
   1496 		close(fd);
   1497 		warningf(true, "%s: %s: %s", "write", h->name, strerror(i));
   1498 		/* special to iosetup(): don't print error */
   1499 		return (-2);
   1500 	}
   1501 
   1502 	return (fd);
   1503 }
   1504 
   1505 /*
   1506  *	ksh special - the select command processing section
   1507  *	print the args in column form - assuming that we can
   1508  */
   1509 static const char *
   1510 do_selectargs(const char **ap, bool print_menu)
   1511 {
   1512 	static const char *read_args[] = {
   1513 		"read", "-r", "REPLY", NULL
   1514 	};
   1515 	char *s;
   1516 	int i, argct;
   1517 
   1518 	for (argct = 0; ap[argct]; argct++)
   1519 		;
   1520 	while (/* CONSTCOND */ 1) {
   1521 		/*-
   1522 		 * Menu is printed if
   1523 		 *	- this is the first time around the select loop
   1524 		 *	- the user enters a blank line
   1525 		 *	- the REPLY parameter is empty
   1526 		 */
   1527 		if (print_menu || !*str_val(global("REPLY")))
   1528 			pr_menu(ap);
   1529 		shellf("%s", str_val(global("PS3")));
   1530 		if (call_builtin(findcom("read", FC_BI), read_args))
   1531 			return (NULL);
   1532 		s = str_val(global("REPLY"));
   1533 		if (*s) {
   1534 			getn(s, &i);
   1535 			return ((i >= 1 && i <= argct) ? ap[i - 1] : null);
   1536 		}
   1537 		print_menu = 1;
   1538 	}
   1539 }
   1540 
   1541 struct select_menu_info {
   1542 	const char * const *args;
   1543 	int num_width;
   1544 };
   1545 
   1546 static char *select_fmt_entry(char *, size_t, int, const void *);
   1547 
   1548 /* format a single select menu item */
   1549 static char *
   1550 select_fmt_entry(char *buf, size_t buflen, int i, const void *arg)
   1551 {
   1552 	const struct select_menu_info *smi =
   1553 	    (const struct select_menu_info *)arg;
   1554 
   1555 	shf_snprintf(buf, buflen, "%*d) %s",
   1556 	    smi->num_width, i + 1, smi->args[i]);
   1557 	return (buf);
   1558 }
   1559 
   1560 /*
   1561  *	print a select style menu
   1562  */
   1563 int
   1564 pr_menu(const char * const *ap)
   1565 {
   1566 	struct select_menu_info smi;
   1567 	const char * const *pp;
   1568 	size_t acols = 0, aocts = 0, i;
   1569 	int n;
   1570 
   1571 	/*
   1572 	 * width/column calculations were done once and saved, but this
   1573 	 * means select can't be used recursively so we re-calculate
   1574 	 * each time (could save in a structure that is returned, but
   1575 	 * it's probably not worth the bother)
   1576 	 */
   1577 
   1578 	/*
   1579 	 * get dimensions of the list
   1580 	 */
   1581 	for (n = 0, pp = ap; *pp; n++, pp++) {
   1582 		i = strlen(*pp);
   1583 		if (i > aocts)
   1584 			aocts = i;
   1585 		i = utf_mbswidth(*pp);
   1586 		if (i > acols)
   1587 			acols = i;
   1588 	}
   1589 
   1590 	/*
   1591 	 * we will print an index of the form "%d) " in front of
   1592 	 * each entry, so get the maximum width of this
   1593 	 */
   1594 	for (i = n, smi.num_width = 1; i >= 10; i /= 10)
   1595 		smi.num_width++;
   1596 
   1597 	smi.args = ap;
   1598 	print_columns(shl_out, n, select_fmt_entry, (void *)&smi,
   1599 	    smi.num_width + 2 + aocts, smi.num_width + 2 + acols,
   1600 	    true);
   1601 
   1602 	return (n);
   1603 }
   1604 
   1605 /* XXX: horrible kludge to fit within the framework */
   1606 static char *plain_fmt_entry(char *, size_t, int, const void *);
   1607 
   1608 static char *
   1609 plain_fmt_entry(char *buf, size_t buflen, int i, const void *arg)
   1610 {
   1611 	strlcpy(buf, ((const char * const *)arg)[i], buflen);
   1612 	return (buf);
   1613 }
   1614 
   1615 int
   1616 pr_list(char * const *ap)
   1617 {
   1618 	size_t acols = 0, aocts = 0, i;
   1619 	int n;
   1620 	char * const *pp;
   1621 
   1622 	for (n = 0, pp = ap; *pp; n++, pp++) {
   1623 		i = strlen(*pp);
   1624 		if (i > aocts)
   1625 			aocts = i;
   1626 		i = utf_mbswidth(*pp);
   1627 		if (i > acols)
   1628 			acols = i;
   1629 	}
   1630 
   1631 	print_columns(shl_out, n, plain_fmt_entry, (const void *)ap,
   1632 	    aocts, acols, false);
   1633 
   1634 	return (n);
   1635 }
   1636 
   1637 /*
   1638  *	[[ ... ]] evaluation routines
   1639  */
   1640 
   1641 /*
   1642  * Test if the current token is a whatever. Accepts the current token if
   1643  * it is. Returns 0 if it is not, non-zero if it is (in the case of
   1644  * TM_UNOP and TM_BINOP, the returned value is a Test_op).
   1645  */
   1646 static Test_op
   1647 dbteste_isa(Test_env *te, Test_meta meta)
   1648 {
   1649 	Test_op ret = TO_NONOP;
   1650 	int uqword;
   1651 	const char *p;
   1652 
   1653 	if (!*te->pos.wp)
   1654 		return (meta == TM_END ? TO_NONNULL : TO_NONOP);
   1655 
   1656 	/* unquoted word? */
   1657 	for (p = *te->pos.wp; *p == CHAR; p += 2)
   1658 		;
   1659 	uqword = *p == EOS;
   1660 
   1661 	if (meta == TM_UNOP || meta == TM_BINOP) {
   1662 		if (uqword) {
   1663 			/* longer than the longest operator */
   1664 			char buf[8];
   1665 			char *q = buf;
   1666 
   1667 			for (p = *te->pos.wp;
   1668 			    *p == CHAR && q < &buf[sizeof(buf) - 1]; p += 2)
   1669 				*q++ = p[1];
   1670 			*q = '\0';
   1671 			ret = test_isop(meta, buf);
   1672 		}
   1673 	} else if (meta == TM_END)
   1674 		ret = TO_NONOP;
   1675 	else
   1676 		ret = (uqword && !strcmp(*te->pos.wp,
   1677 		    dbtest_tokens[(int)meta])) ? TO_NONNULL : TO_NONOP;
   1678 
   1679 	/* Accept the token? */
   1680 	if (ret != TO_NONOP)
   1681 		te->pos.wp++;
   1682 
   1683 	return (ret);
   1684 }
   1685 
   1686 static const char *
   1687 dbteste_getopnd(Test_env *te, Test_op op, bool do_eval)
   1688 {
   1689 	const char *s = *te->pos.wp;
   1690 
   1691 	if (!s)
   1692 		return (NULL);
   1693 
   1694 	te->pos.wp++;
   1695 
   1696 	if (!do_eval)
   1697 		return (null);
   1698 
   1699 	if (op == TO_STEQL || op == TO_STNEQ)
   1700 		s = evalstr(s, DOTILDE | DOPAT);
   1701 	else
   1702 		s = evalstr(s, DOTILDE);
   1703 
   1704 	return (s);
   1705 }
   1706 
   1707 static void
   1708 dbteste_error(Test_env *te, int offset, const char *msg)
   1709 {
   1710 	te->flags |= TEF_ERROR;
   1711 	internal_warningf("dbteste_error: %s (offset %d)", msg, offset);
   1712 }
   1713