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      1 //===--- raw_ostream.h - Raw output stream ----------------------*- C++ -*-===//
      2 //
      3 //                     The LLVM Compiler Infrastructure
      4 //
      5 // This file is distributed under the University of Illinois Open Source
      6 // License. See LICENSE.TXT for details.
      7 //
      8 //===----------------------------------------------------------------------===//
      9 //
     10 //  This file defines the raw_ostream class.
     11 //
     12 //===----------------------------------------------------------------------===//
     13 
     14 #ifndef LLVM_SUPPORT_RAW_OSTREAM_H
     15 #define LLVM_SUPPORT_RAW_OSTREAM_H
     16 
     17 #include "llvm/ADT/StringRef.h"
     18 #include "llvm/Support/DataTypes.h"
     19 
     20 namespace llvm {
     21   class format_object_base;
     22   template <typename T>
     23   class SmallVectorImpl;
     24 
     25 /// raw_ostream - This class implements an extremely fast bulk output stream
     26 /// that can *only* output to a stream.  It does not support seeking, reopening,
     27 /// rewinding, line buffered disciplines etc. It is a simple buffer that outputs
     28 /// a chunk at a time.
     29 class raw_ostream {
     30 private:
     31   // Do not implement. raw_ostream is noncopyable.
     32   void operator=(const raw_ostream &);
     33   raw_ostream(const raw_ostream &);
     34 
     35   /// The buffer is handled in such a way that the buffer is
     36   /// uninitialized, unbuffered, or out of space when OutBufCur >=
     37   /// OutBufEnd. Thus a single comparison suffices to determine if we
     38   /// need to take the slow path to write a single character.
     39   ///
     40   /// The buffer is in one of three states:
     41   ///  1. Unbuffered (BufferMode == Unbuffered)
     42   ///  1. Uninitialized (BufferMode != Unbuffered && OutBufStart == 0).
     43   ///  2. Buffered (BufferMode != Unbuffered && OutBufStart != 0 &&
     44   ///               OutBufEnd - OutBufStart >= 1).
     45   ///
     46   /// If buffered, then the raw_ostream owns the buffer if (BufferMode ==
     47   /// InternalBuffer); otherwise the buffer has been set via SetBuffer and is
     48   /// managed by the subclass.
     49   ///
     50   /// If a subclass installs an external buffer using SetBuffer then it can wait
     51   /// for a \see write_impl() call to handle the data which has been put into
     52   /// this buffer.
     53   char *OutBufStart, *OutBufEnd, *OutBufCur;
     54 
     55   enum BufferKind {
     56     Unbuffered = 0,
     57     InternalBuffer,
     58     ExternalBuffer
     59   } BufferMode;
     60 
     61 public:
     62   // color order matches ANSI escape sequence, don't change
     63   enum Colors {
     64     BLACK=0,
     65     RED,
     66     GREEN,
     67     YELLOW,
     68     BLUE,
     69     MAGENTA,
     70     CYAN,
     71     WHITE,
     72     SAVEDCOLOR
     73   };
     74 
     75   explicit raw_ostream(bool unbuffered=false)
     76     : BufferMode(unbuffered ? Unbuffered : InternalBuffer) {
     77     // Start out ready to flush.
     78     OutBufStart = OutBufEnd = OutBufCur = 0;
     79   }
     80 
     81   virtual ~raw_ostream();
     82 
     83   /// tell - Return the current offset with the file.
     84   uint64_t tell() const { return current_pos() + GetNumBytesInBuffer(); }
     85 
     86   //===--------------------------------------------------------------------===//
     87   // Configuration Interface
     88   //===--------------------------------------------------------------------===//
     89 
     90   /// SetBuffered - Set the stream to be buffered, with an automatically
     91   /// determined buffer size.
     92   void SetBuffered();
     93 
     94   /// SetBufferSize - Set the stream to be buffered, using the
     95   /// specified buffer size.
     96   void SetBufferSize(size_t Size) {
     97     flush();
     98     SetBufferAndMode(new char[Size], Size, InternalBuffer);
     99   }
    100 
    101   size_t GetBufferSize() const {
    102     // If we're supposed to be buffered but haven't actually gotten around
    103     // to allocating the buffer yet, return the value that would be used.
    104     if (BufferMode != Unbuffered && OutBufStart == 0)
    105       return preferred_buffer_size();
    106 
    107     // Otherwise just return the size of the allocated buffer.
    108     return OutBufEnd - OutBufStart;
    109   }
    110 
    111   /// SetUnbuffered - Set the stream to be unbuffered. When
    112   /// unbuffered, the stream will flush after every write. This routine
    113   /// will also flush the buffer immediately when the stream is being
    114   /// set to unbuffered.
    115   void SetUnbuffered() {
    116     flush();
    117     SetBufferAndMode(0, 0, Unbuffered);
    118   }
    119 
    120   size_t GetNumBytesInBuffer() const {
    121     return OutBufCur - OutBufStart;
    122   }
    123 
    124   //===--------------------------------------------------------------------===//
    125   // Data Output Interface
    126   //===--------------------------------------------------------------------===//
    127 
    128   void flush() {
    129     if (OutBufCur != OutBufStart)
    130       flush_nonempty();
    131   }
    132 
    133   raw_ostream &operator<<(char C) {
    134     if (OutBufCur >= OutBufEnd)
    135       return write(C);
    136     *OutBufCur++ = C;
    137     return *this;
    138   }
    139 
    140   raw_ostream &operator<<(unsigned char C) {
    141     if (OutBufCur >= OutBufEnd)
    142       return write(C);
    143     *OutBufCur++ = C;
    144     return *this;
    145   }
    146 
    147   raw_ostream &operator<<(signed char C) {
    148     if (OutBufCur >= OutBufEnd)
    149       return write(C);
    150     *OutBufCur++ = C;
    151     return *this;
    152   }
    153 
    154   raw_ostream &operator<<(StringRef Str) {
    155     // Inline fast path, particularly for strings with a known length.
    156     size_t Size = Str.size();
    157 
    158     // Make sure we can use the fast path.
    159     if (OutBufCur+Size > OutBufEnd)
    160       return write(Str.data(), Size);
    161 
    162     memcpy(OutBufCur, Str.data(), Size);
    163     OutBufCur += Size;
    164     return *this;
    165   }
    166 
    167   raw_ostream &operator<<(const char *Str) {
    168     // Inline fast path, particularly for constant strings where a sufficiently
    169     // smart compiler will simplify strlen.
    170 
    171     return this->operator<<(StringRef(Str));
    172   }
    173 
    174   raw_ostream &operator<<(const std::string &Str) {
    175     // Avoid the fast path, it would only increase code size for a marginal win.
    176     return write(Str.data(), Str.length());
    177   }
    178 
    179   raw_ostream &operator<<(unsigned long N);
    180   raw_ostream &operator<<(long N);
    181   raw_ostream &operator<<(unsigned long long N);
    182   raw_ostream &operator<<(long long N);
    183   raw_ostream &operator<<(const void *P);
    184   raw_ostream &operator<<(unsigned int N) {
    185     return this->operator<<(static_cast<unsigned long>(N));
    186   }
    187 
    188   raw_ostream &operator<<(int N) {
    189     return this->operator<<(static_cast<long>(N));
    190   }
    191 
    192   raw_ostream &operator<<(double N);
    193 
    194   /// write_hex - Output \arg N in hexadecimal, without any prefix or padding.
    195   raw_ostream &write_hex(unsigned long long N);
    196 
    197   /// write_escaped - Output \arg Str, turning '\\', '\t', '\n', '"', and
    198   /// anything that doesn't satisfy std::isprint into an escape sequence.
    199   raw_ostream &write_escaped(StringRef Str, bool UseHexEscapes = false);
    200 
    201   raw_ostream &write(unsigned char C);
    202   raw_ostream &write(const char *Ptr, size_t Size);
    203 
    204   // Formatted output, see the format() function in Support/Format.h.
    205   raw_ostream &operator<<(const format_object_base &Fmt);
    206 
    207   /// indent - Insert 'NumSpaces' spaces.
    208   raw_ostream &indent(unsigned NumSpaces);
    209 
    210 
    211   /// Changes the foreground color of text that will be output from this point
    212   /// forward.
    213   /// @param colors ANSI color to use, the special SAVEDCOLOR can be used to
    214   /// change only the bold attribute, and keep colors untouched
    215   /// @param bold bold/brighter text, default false
    216   /// @param bg if true change the background, default: change foreground
    217   /// @returns itself so it can be used within << invocations
    218   virtual raw_ostream &changeColor(enum Colors, bool = false, bool = false) {
    219     return *this; }
    220 
    221   /// Resets the colors to terminal defaults. Call this when you are done
    222   /// outputting colored text, or before program exit.
    223   virtual raw_ostream &resetColor() { return *this; }
    224 
    225   /// Reverses the forground and background colors.
    226   virtual raw_ostream &reverseColor() { return *this; }
    227 
    228   /// This function determines if this stream is connected to a "tty" or
    229   /// "console" window. That is, the output would be displayed to the user
    230   /// rather than being put on a pipe or stored in a file.
    231   virtual bool is_displayed() const { return false; }
    232 
    233   //===--------------------------------------------------------------------===//
    234   // Subclass Interface
    235   //===--------------------------------------------------------------------===//
    236 
    237 private:
    238   /// write_impl - The is the piece of the class that is implemented
    239   /// by subclasses.  This writes the \args Size bytes starting at
    240   /// \arg Ptr to the underlying stream.
    241   ///
    242   /// This function is guaranteed to only be called at a point at which it is
    243   /// safe for the subclass to install a new buffer via SetBuffer.
    244   ///
    245   /// \arg Ptr - The start of the data to be written. For buffered streams this
    246   /// is guaranteed to be the start of the buffer.
    247   /// \arg Size - The number of bytes to be written.
    248   ///
    249   /// \invariant { Size > 0 }
    250   virtual void write_impl(const char *Ptr, size_t Size) = 0;
    251 
    252   // An out of line virtual method to provide a home for the class vtable.
    253   virtual void handle();
    254 
    255   /// current_pos - Return the current position within the stream, not
    256   /// counting the bytes currently in the buffer.
    257   virtual uint64_t current_pos() const = 0;
    258 
    259 protected:
    260   /// SetBuffer - Use the provided buffer as the raw_ostream buffer. This is
    261   /// intended for use only by subclasses which can arrange for the output to go
    262   /// directly into the desired output buffer, instead of being copied on each
    263   /// flush.
    264   void SetBuffer(char *BufferStart, size_t Size) {
    265     SetBufferAndMode(BufferStart, Size, ExternalBuffer);
    266   }
    267 
    268   /// preferred_buffer_size - Return an efficient buffer size for the
    269   /// underlying output mechanism.
    270   virtual size_t preferred_buffer_size() const;
    271 
    272   /// getBufferStart - Return the beginning of the current stream buffer, or 0
    273   /// if the stream is unbuffered.
    274   const char *getBufferStart() const { return OutBufStart; }
    275 
    276   //===--------------------------------------------------------------------===//
    277   // Private Interface
    278   //===--------------------------------------------------------------------===//
    279 private:
    280   /// SetBufferAndMode - Install the given buffer and mode.
    281   void SetBufferAndMode(char *BufferStart, size_t Size, BufferKind Mode);
    282 
    283   /// flush_nonempty - Flush the current buffer, which is known to be
    284   /// non-empty. This outputs the currently buffered data and resets
    285   /// the buffer to empty.
    286   void flush_nonempty();
    287 
    288   /// copy_to_buffer - Copy data into the buffer. Size must not be
    289   /// greater than the number of unused bytes in the buffer.
    290   void copy_to_buffer(const char *Ptr, size_t Size);
    291 };
    292 
    293 //===----------------------------------------------------------------------===//
    294 // File Output Streams
    295 //===----------------------------------------------------------------------===//
    296 
    297 /// raw_fd_ostream - A raw_ostream that writes to a file descriptor.
    298 ///
    299 class raw_fd_ostream : public raw_ostream {
    300   int FD;
    301   bool ShouldClose;
    302 
    303   /// Error This flag is true if an error of any kind has been detected.
    304   ///
    305   bool Error;
    306 
    307   /// Controls whether the stream should attempt to use atomic writes, when
    308   /// possible.
    309   bool UseAtomicWrites;
    310 
    311   uint64_t pos;
    312 
    313   /// write_impl - See raw_ostream::write_impl.
    314   virtual void write_impl(const char *Ptr, size_t Size);
    315 
    316   /// current_pos - Return the current position within the stream, not
    317   /// counting the bytes currently in the buffer.
    318   virtual uint64_t current_pos() const { return pos; }
    319 
    320   /// preferred_buffer_size - Determine an efficient buffer size.
    321   virtual size_t preferred_buffer_size() const;
    322 
    323   /// error_detected - Set the flag indicating that an output error has
    324   /// been encountered.
    325   void error_detected() { Error = true; }
    326 
    327 public:
    328 
    329   enum {
    330     /// F_Excl - When opening a file, this flag makes raw_fd_ostream
    331     /// report an error if the file already exists.
    332     F_Excl  = 1,
    333 
    334     /// F_Append - When opening a file, if it already exists append to the
    335     /// existing file instead of returning an error.  This may not be specified
    336     /// with F_Excl.
    337     F_Append = 2,
    338 
    339     /// F_Binary - The file should be opened in binary mode on platforms that
    340     /// make this distinction.
    341     F_Binary = 4
    342   };
    343 
    344   /// raw_fd_ostream - Open the specified file for writing. If an error occurs,
    345   /// information about the error is put into ErrorInfo, and the stream should
    346   /// be immediately destroyed; the string will be empty if no error occurred.
    347   /// This allows optional flags to control how the file will be opened.
    348   ///
    349   /// As a special case, if Filename is "-", then the stream will use
    350   /// STDOUT_FILENO instead of opening a file. Note that it will still consider
    351   /// itself to own the file descriptor. In particular, it will close the
    352   /// file descriptor when it is done (this is necessary to detect
    353   /// output errors).
    354   raw_fd_ostream(const char *Filename, std::string &ErrorInfo,
    355                  unsigned Flags = 0);
    356 
    357   /// raw_fd_ostream ctor - FD is the file descriptor that this writes to.  If
    358   /// ShouldClose is true, this closes the file when the stream is destroyed.
    359   raw_fd_ostream(int fd, bool shouldClose, bool unbuffered=false);
    360 
    361   ~raw_fd_ostream();
    362 
    363   /// close - Manually flush the stream and close the file.
    364   /// Note that this does not call fsync.
    365   void close();
    366 
    367   /// seek - Flushes the stream and repositions the underlying file descriptor
    368   /// position to the offset specified from the beginning of the file.
    369   uint64_t seek(uint64_t off);
    370 
    371   /// SetUseAtomicWrite - Set the stream to attempt to use atomic writes for
    372   /// individual output routines where possible.
    373   ///
    374   /// Note that because raw_ostream's are typically buffered, this flag is only
    375   /// sensible when used on unbuffered streams which will flush their output
    376   /// immediately.
    377   void SetUseAtomicWrites(bool Value) {
    378     UseAtomicWrites = Value;
    379   }
    380 
    381   virtual raw_ostream &changeColor(enum Colors colors, bool bold=false,
    382                                    bool bg=false);
    383   virtual raw_ostream &resetColor();
    384 
    385   virtual raw_ostream &reverseColor();
    386 
    387   virtual bool is_displayed() const;
    388 
    389   /// has_error - Return the value of the flag in this raw_fd_ostream indicating
    390   /// whether an output error has been encountered.
    391   /// This doesn't implicitly flush any pending output.  Also, it doesn't
    392   /// guarantee to detect all errors unless the the stream has been closed.
    393   bool has_error() const {
    394     return Error;
    395   }
    396 
    397   /// clear_error - Set the flag read by has_error() to false. If the error
    398   /// flag is set at the time when this raw_ostream's destructor is called,
    399   /// report_fatal_error is called to report the error. Use clear_error()
    400   /// after handling the error to avoid this behavior.
    401   ///
    402   ///   "Errors should never pass silently.
    403   ///    Unless explicitly silenced."
    404   ///      - from The Zen of Python, by Tim Peters
    405   ///
    406   void clear_error() {
    407     Error = false;
    408   }
    409 };
    410 
    411 /// outs() - This returns a reference to a raw_ostream for standard output.
    412 /// Use it like: outs() << "foo" << "bar";
    413 raw_ostream &outs();
    414 
    415 /// errs() - This returns a reference to a raw_ostream for standard error.
    416 /// Use it like: errs() << "foo" << "bar";
    417 raw_ostream &errs();
    418 
    419 /// nulls() - This returns a reference to a raw_ostream which simply discards
    420 /// output.
    421 raw_ostream &nulls();
    422 
    423 //===----------------------------------------------------------------------===//
    424 // Output Stream Adaptors
    425 //===----------------------------------------------------------------------===//
    426 
    427 /// raw_string_ostream - A raw_ostream that writes to an std::string.  This is a
    428 /// simple adaptor class. This class does not encounter output errors.
    429 class raw_string_ostream : public raw_ostream {
    430   std::string &OS;
    431 
    432   /// write_impl - See raw_ostream::write_impl.
    433   virtual void write_impl(const char *Ptr, size_t Size);
    434 
    435   /// current_pos - Return the current position within the stream, not
    436   /// counting the bytes currently in the buffer.
    437   virtual uint64_t current_pos() const { return OS.size(); }
    438 public:
    439   explicit raw_string_ostream(std::string &O) : OS(O) {}
    440   ~raw_string_ostream();
    441 
    442   /// str - Flushes the stream contents to the target string and returns
    443   ///  the string's reference.
    444   std::string& str() {
    445     flush();
    446     return OS;
    447   }
    448 };
    449 
    450 /// raw_svector_ostream - A raw_ostream that writes to an SmallVector or
    451 /// SmallString.  This is a simple adaptor class. This class does not
    452 /// encounter output errors.
    453 class raw_svector_ostream : public raw_ostream {
    454   SmallVectorImpl<char> &OS;
    455 
    456   /// write_impl - See raw_ostream::write_impl.
    457   virtual void write_impl(const char *Ptr, size_t Size);
    458 
    459   /// current_pos - Return the current position within the stream, not
    460   /// counting the bytes currently in the buffer.
    461   virtual uint64_t current_pos() const;
    462 public:
    463   /// Construct a new raw_svector_ostream.
    464   ///
    465   /// \arg O - The vector to write to; this should generally have at least 128
    466   /// bytes free to avoid any extraneous memory overhead.
    467   explicit raw_svector_ostream(SmallVectorImpl<char> &O);
    468   ~raw_svector_ostream();
    469 
    470   /// resync - This is called when the SmallVector we're appending to is changed
    471   /// outside of the raw_svector_ostream's control.  It is only safe to do this
    472   /// if the raw_svector_ostream has previously been flushed.
    473   void resync();
    474 
    475   /// str - Flushes the stream contents to the target vector and return a
    476   /// StringRef for the vector contents.
    477   StringRef str();
    478 };
    479 
    480 /// raw_null_ostream - A raw_ostream that discards all output.
    481 class raw_null_ostream : public raw_ostream {
    482   /// write_impl - See raw_ostream::write_impl.
    483   virtual void write_impl(const char *Ptr, size_t size);
    484 
    485   /// current_pos - Return the current position within the stream, not
    486   /// counting the bytes currently in the buffer.
    487   virtual uint64_t current_pos() const;
    488 
    489 public:
    490   explicit raw_null_ostream() {}
    491   ~raw_null_ostream();
    492 };
    493 
    494 } // end llvm namespace
    495 
    496 #endif
    497