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      1 //===--- DeclPrinter.cpp - Printing implementation for Decl ASTs ----------===//
      2 //
      3 //                     The LLVM Compiler Infrastructure
      4 //
      5 // This file is distributed under the University of Illinois Open Source
      6 // License. See LICENSE.TXT for details.
      7 //
      8 //===----------------------------------------------------------------------===//
      9 //
     10 // This file implements the Decl::print method, which pretty prints the
     11 // AST back out to C/Objective-C/C++/Objective-C++ code.
     12 //
     13 //===----------------------------------------------------------------------===//
     14 #include "clang/AST/ASTContext.h"
     15 #include "clang/AST/Attr.h"
     16 #include "clang/AST/Decl.h"
     17 #include "clang/AST/DeclCXX.h"
     18 #include "clang/AST/DeclObjC.h"
     19 #include "clang/AST/DeclVisitor.h"
     20 #include "clang/AST/Expr.h"
     21 #include "clang/AST/ExprCXX.h"
     22 #include "clang/AST/PrettyPrinter.h"
     23 #include "clang/Basic/Module.h"
     24 #include "llvm/Support/raw_ostream.h"
     25 using namespace clang;
     26 
     27 namespace {
     28   class DeclPrinter : public DeclVisitor<DeclPrinter> {
     29     raw_ostream &Out;
     30     PrintingPolicy Policy;
     31     unsigned Indentation;
     32     bool PrintInstantiation;
     33 
     34     raw_ostream& Indent() { return Indent(Indentation); }
     35     raw_ostream& Indent(unsigned Indentation);
     36     void ProcessDeclGroup(SmallVectorImpl<Decl*>& Decls);
     37 
     38     void Print(AccessSpecifier AS);
     39 
     40   public:
     41     DeclPrinter(raw_ostream &Out, const PrintingPolicy &Policy,
     42                 unsigned Indentation = 0, bool PrintInstantiation = false)
     43       : Out(Out), Policy(Policy), Indentation(Indentation),
     44         PrintInstantiation(PrintInstantiation) { }
     45 
     46     void VisitDeclContext(DeclContext *DC, bool Indent = true);
     47 
     48     void VisitTranslationUnitDecl(TranslationUnitDecl *D);
     49     void VisitTypedefDecl(TypedefDecl *D);
     50     void VisitTypeAliasDecl(TypeAliasDecl *D);
     51     void VisitEnumDecl(EnumDecl *D);
     52     void VisitRecordDecl(RecordDecl *D);
     53     void VisitEnumConstantDecl(EnumConstantDecl *D);
     54     void VisitEmptyDecl(EmptyDecl *D);
     55     void VisitFunctionDecl(FunctionDecl *D);
     56     void VisitFriendDecl(FriendDecl *D);
     57     void VisitFieldDecl(FieldDecl *D);
     58     void VisitVarDecl(VarDecl *D);
     59     void VisitLabelDecl(LabelDecl *D);
     60     void VisitParmVarDecl(ParmVarDecl *D);
     61     void VisitFileScopeAsmDecl(FileScopeAsmDecl *D);
     62     void VisitImportDecl(ImportDecl *D);
     63     void VisitStaticAssertDecl(StaticAssertDecl *D);
     64     void VisitNamespaceDecl(NamespaceDecl *D);
     65     void VisitUsingDirectiveDecl(UsingDirectiveDecl *D);
     66     void VisitNamespaceAliasDecl(NamespaceAliasDecl *D);
     67     void VisitCXXRecordDecl(CXXRecordDecl *D);
     68     void VisitLinkageSpecDecl(LinkageSpecDecl *D);
     69     void VisitTemplateDecl(const TemplateDecl *D);
     70     void VisitFunctionTemplateDecl(FunctionTemplateDecl *D);
     71     void VisitClassTemplateDecl(ClassTemplateDecl *D);
     72     void VisitObjCMethodDecl(ObjCMethodDecl *D);
     73     void VisitObjCImplementationDecl(ObjCImplementationDecl *D);
     74     void VisitObjCInterfaceDecl(ObjCInterfaceDecl *D);
     75     void VisitObjCProtocolDecl(ObjCProtocolDecl *D);
     76     void VisitObjCCategoryImplDecl(ObjCCategoryImplDecl *D);
     77     void VisitObjCCategoryDecl(ObjCCategoryDecl *D);
     78     void VisitObjCCompatibleAliasDecl(ObjCCompatibleAliasDecl *D);
     79     void VisitObjCPropertyDecl(ObjCPropertyDecl *D);
     80     void VisitObjCPropertyImplDecl(ObjCPropertyImplDecl *D);
     81     void VisitUnresolvedUsingTypenameDecl(UnresolvedUsingTypenameDecl *D);
     82     void VisitUnresolvedUsingValueDecl(UnresolvedUsingValueDecl *D);
     83     void VisitUsingDecl(UsingDecl *D);
     84     void VisitUsingShadowDecl(UsingShadowDecl *D);
     85 
     86     void PrintTemplateParameters(const TemplateParameterList *Params,
     87                                  const TemplateArgumentList *Args = 0);
     88     void prettyPrintAttributes(Decl *D);
     89   };
     90 }
     91 
     92 void Decl::print(raw_ostream &Out, unsigned Indentation,
     93                  bool PrintInstantiation) const {
     94   print(Out, getASTContext().getPrintingPolicy(), Indentation, PrintInstantiation);
     95 }
     96 
     97 void Decl::print(raw_ostream &Out, const PrintingPolicy &Policy,
     98                  unsigned Indentation, bool PrintInstantiation) const {
     99   DeclPrinter Printer(Out, Policy, Indentation, PrintInstantiation);
    100   Printer.Visit(const_cast<Decl*>(this));
    101 }
    102 
    103 static QualType GetBaseType(QualType T) {
    104   // FIXME: This should be on the Type class!
    105   QualType BaseType = T;
    106   while (!BaseType->isSpecifierType()) {
    107     if (isa<TypedefType>(BaseType))
    108       break;
    109     else if (const PointerType* PTy = BaseType->getAs<PointerType>())
    110       BaseType = PTy->getPointeeType();
    111     else if (const BlockPointerType *BPy = BaseType->getAs<BlockPointerType>())
    112       BaseType = BPy->getPointeeType();
    113     else if (const ArrayType* ATy = dyn_cast<ArrayType>(BaseType))
    114       BaseType = ATy->getElementType();
    115     else if (const FunctionType* FTy = BaseType->getAs<FunctionType>())
    116       BaseType = FTy->getResultType();
    117     else if (const VectorType *VTy = BaseType->getAs<VectorType>())
    118       BaseType = VTy->getElementType();
    119     else if (const ReferenceType *RTy = BaseType->getAs<ReferenceType>())
    120       BaseType = RTy->getPointeeType();
    121     else
    122       llvm_unreachable("Unknown declarator!");
    123   }
    124   return BaseType;
    125 }
    126 
    127 static QualType getDeclType(Decl* D) {
    128   if (TypedefNameDecl* TDD = dyn_cast<TypedefNameDecl>(D))
    129     return TDD->getUnderlyingType();
    130   if (ValueDecl* VD = dyn_cast<ValueDecl>(D))
    131     return VD->getType();
    132   return QualType();
    133 }
    134 
    135 void Decl::printGroup(Decl** Begin, unsigned NumDecls,
    136                       raw_ostream &Out, const PrintingPolicy &Policy,
    137                       unsigned Indentation) {
    138   if (NumDecls == 1) {
    139     (*Begin)->print(Out, Policy, Indentation);
    140     return;
    141   }
    142 
    143   Decl** End = Begin + NumDecls;
    144   TagDecl* TD = dyn_cast<TagDecl>(*Begin);
    145   if (TD)
    146     ++Begin;
    147 
    148   PrintingPolicy SubPolicy(Policy);
    149   if (TD && TD->isCompleteDefinition()) {
    150     TD->print(Out, Policy, Indentation);
    151     Out << " ";
    152     SubPolicy.SuppressTag = true;
    153   }
    154 
    155   bool isFirst = true;
    156   for ( ; Begin != End; ++Begin) {
    157     if (isFirst) {
    158       SubPolicy.SuppressSpecifiers = false;
    159       isFirst = false;
    160     } else {
    161       if (!isFirst) Out << ", ";
    162       SubPolicy.SuppressSpecifiers = true;
    163     }
    164 
    165     (*Begin)->print(Out, SubPolicy, Indentation);
    166   }
    167 }
    168 
    169 void DeclContext::dumpDeclContext() const {
    170   // Get the translation unit
    171   const DeclContext *DC = this;
    172   while (!DC->isTranslationUnit())
    173     DC = DC->getParent();
    174 
    175   ASTContext &Ctx = cast<TranslationUnitDecl>(DC)->getASTContext();
    176   DeclPrinter Printer(llvm::errs(), Ctx.getPrintingPolicy(), 0);
    177   Printer.VisitDeclContext(const_cast<DeclContext *>(this), /*Indent=*/false);
    178 }
    179 
    180 raw_ostream& DeclPrinter::Indent(unsigned Indentation) {
    181   for (unsigned i = 0; i != Indentation; ++i)
    182     Out << "  ";
    183   return Out;
    184 }
    185 
    186 void DeclPrinter::prettyPrintAttributes(Decl *D) {
    187   if (Policy.PolishForDeclaration)
    188     return;
    189 
    190   if (D->hasAttrs()) {
    191     AttrVec &Attrs = D->getAttrs();
    192     for (AttrVec::const_iterator i=Attrs.begin(), e=Attrs.end(); i!=e; ++i) {
    193       Attr *A = *i;
    194       A->printPretty(Out, Policy);
    195     }
    196   }
    197 }
    198 
    199 void DeclPrinter::ProcessDeclGroup(SmallVectorImpl<Decl*>& Decls) {
    200   this->Indent();
    201   Decl::printGroup(Decls.data(), Decls.size(), Out, Policy, Indentation);
    202   Out << ";\n";
    203   Decls.clear();
    204 
    205 }
    206 
    207 void DeclPrinter::Print(AccessSpecifier AS) {
    208   switch(AS) {
    209   case AS_none:      llvm_unreachable("No access specifier!");
    210   case AS_public:    Out << "public"; break;
    211   case AS_protected: Out << "protected"; break;
    212   case AS_private:   Out << "private"; break;
    213   }
    214 }
    215 
    216 //----------------------------------------------------------------------------
    217 // Common C declarations
    218 //----------------------------------------------------------------------------
    219 
    220 void DeclPrinter::VisitDeclContext(DeclContext *DC, bool Indent) {
    221   if (Policy.TerseOutput)
    222     return;
    223 
    224   if (Indent)
    225     Indentation += Policy.Indentation;
    226 
    227   SmallVector<Decl*, 2> Decls;
    228   for (DeclContext::decl_iterator D = DC->decls_begin(), DEnd = DC->decls_end();
    229        D != DEnd; ++D) {
    230 
    231     // Don't print ObjCIvarDecls, as they are printed when visiting the
    232     // containing ObjCInterfaceDecl.
    233     if (isa<ObjCIvarDecl>(*D))
    234       continue;
    235 
    236     // Skip over implicit declarations in pretty-printing mode.
    237     if (D->isImplicit())
    238       continue;
    239 
    240     // FIXME: Ugly hack so we don't pretty-print the builtin declaration
    241     // of __builtin_va_list or __[u]int128_t.  There should be some other way
    242     // to check that.
    243     if (NamedDecl *ND = dyn_cast<NamedDecl>(*D)) {
    244       if (IdentifierInfo *II = ND->getIdentifier()) {
    245         if (II->isStr("__builtin_va_list") ||
    246             II->isStr("__int128_t") || II->isStr("__uint128_t"))
    247           continue;
    248       }
    249     }
    250 
    251     // The next bits of code handles stuff like "struct {int x;} a,b"; we're
    252     // forced to merge the declarations because there's no other way to
    253     // refer to the struct in question.  This limited merging is safe without
    254     // a bunch of other checks because it only merges declarations directly
    255     // referring to the tag, not typedefs.
    256     //
    257     // Check whether the current declaration should be grouped with a previous
    258     // unnamed struct.
    259     QualType CurDeclType = getDeclType(*D);
    260     if (!Decls.empty() && !CurDeclType.isNull()) {
    261       QualType BaseType = GetBaseType(CurDeclType);
    262       if (!BaseType.isNull() && isa<TagType>(BaseType) &&
    263           cast<TagType>(BaseType)->getDecl() == Decls[0]) {
    264         Decls.push_back(*D);
    265         continue;
    266       }
    267     }
    268 
    269     // If we have a merged group waiting to be handled, handle it now.
    270     if (!Decls.empty())
    271       ProcessDeclGroup(Decls);
    272 
    273     // If the current declaration is an unnamed tag type, save it
    274     // so we can merge it with the subsequent declaration(s) using it.
    275     if (isa<TagDecl>(*D) && !cast<TagDecl>(*D)->getIdentifier()) {
    276       Decls.push_back(*D);
    277       continue;
    278     }
    279 
    280     if (isa<AccessSpecDecl>(*D)) {
    281       Indentation -= Policy.Indentation;
    282       this->Indent();
    283       Print(D->getAccess());
    284       Out << ":\n";
    285       Indentation += Policy.Indentation;
    286       continue;
    287     }
    288 
    289     this->Indent();
    290     Visit(*D);
    291 
    292     // FIXME: Need to be able to tell the DeclPrinter when
    293     const char *Terminator = 0;
    294     if (isa<FunctionDecl>(*D) &&
    295         cast<FunctionDecl>(*D)->isThisDeclarationADefinition())
    296       Terminator = 0;
    297     else if (isa<ObjCMethodDecl>(*D) && cast<ObjCMethodDecl>(*D)->getBody())
    298       Terminator = 0;
    299     else if (isa<NamespaceDecl>(*D) || isa<LinkageSpecDecl>(*D) ||
    300              isa<ObjCImplementationDecl>(*D) ||
    301              isa<ObjCInterfaceDecl>(*D) ||
    302              isa<ObjCProtocolDecl>(*D) ||
    303              isa<ObjCCategoryImplDecl>(*D) ||
    304              isa<ObjCCategoryDecl>(*D))
    305       Terminator = 0;
    306     else if (isa<EnumConstantDecl>(*D)) {
    307       DeclContext::decl_iterator Next = D;
    308       ++Next;
    309       if (Next != DEnd)
    310         Terminator = ",";
    311     } else
    312       Terminator = ";";
    313 
    314     if (Terminator)
    315       Out << Terminator;
    316     Out << "\n";
    317   }
    318 
    319   if (!Decls.empty())
    320     ProcessDeclGroup(Decls);
    321 
    322   if (Indent)
    323     Indentation -= Policy.Indentation;
    324 }
    325 
    326 void DeclPrinter::VisitTranslationUnitDecl(TranslationUnitDecl *D) {
    327   VisitDeclContext(D, false);
    328 }
    329 
    330 void DeclPrinter::VisitTypedefDecl(TypedefDecl *D) {
    331   if (!Policy.SuppressSpecifiers) {
    332     Out << "typedef ";
    333 
    334     if (D->isModulePrivate())
    335       Out << "__module_private__ ";
    336   }
    337   D->getUnderlyingType().print(Out, Policy, D->getName());
    338   prettyPrintAttributes(D);
    339 }
    340 
    341 void DeclPrinter::VisitTypeAliasDecl(TypeAliasDecl *D) {
    342   Out << "using " << *D << " = " << D->getUnderlyingType().getAsString(Policy);
    343 }
    344 
    345 void DeclPrinter::VisitEnumDecl(EnumDecl *D) {
    346   if (!Policy.SuppressSpecifiers && D->isModulePrivate())
    347     Out << "__module_private__ ";
    348   Out << "enum ";
    349   if (D->isScoped()) {
    350     if (D->isScopedUsingClassTag())
    351       Out << "class ";
    352     else
    353       Out << "struct ";
    354   }
    355   Out << *D;
    356 
    357   if (D->isFixed())
    358     Out << " : " << D->getIntegerType().stream(Policy);
    359 
    360   if (D->isCompleteDefinition()) {
    361     Out << " {\n";
    362     VisitDeclContext(D);
    363     Indent() << "}";
    364   }
    365   prettyPrintAttributes(D);
    366 }
    367 
    368 void DeclPrinter::VisitRecordDecl(RecordDecl *D) {
    369   if (!Policy.SuppressSpecifiers && D->isModulePrivate())
    370     Out << "__module_private__ ";
    371   Out << D->getKindName();
    372   if (D->getIdentifier())
    373     Out << ' ' << *D;
    374 
    375   if (D->isCompleteDefinition()) {
    376     Out << " {\n";
    377     VisitDeclContext(D);
    378     Indent() << "}";
    379   }
    380 }
    381 
    382 void DeclPrinter::VisitEnumConstantDecl(EnumConstantDecl *D) {
    383   Out << *D;
    384   if (Expr *Init = D->getInitExpr()) {
    385     Out << " = ";
    386     Init->printPretty(Out, 0, Policy, Indentation);
    387   }
    388 }
    389 
    390 void DeclPrinter::VisitFunctionDecl(FunctionDecl *D) {
    391   CXXConstructorDecl *CDecl = dyn_cast<CXXConstructorDecl>(D);
    392   if (!Policy.SuppressSpecifiers) {
    393     switch (D->getStorageClassAsWritten()) {
    394     case SC_None: break;
    395     case SC_Extern: Out << "extern "; break;
    396     case SC_Static: Out << "static "; break;
    397     case SC_PrivateExtern: Out << "__private_extern__ "; break;
    398     case SC_Auto: case SC_Register: case SC_OpenCLWorkGroupLocal:
    399       llvm_unreachable("invalid for functions");
    400     }
    401 
    402     if (D->isInlineSpecified())  Out << "inline ";
    403     if (D->isVirtualAsWritten()) Out << "virtual ";
    404     if (D->isModulePrivate())    Out << "__module_private__ ";
    405     if (CDecl && CDecl->isExplicitSpecified())
    406       Out << "explicit ";
    407   }
    408 
    409   PrintingPolicy SubPolicy(Policy);
    410   SubPolicy.SuppressSpecifiers = false;
    411   std::string Proto = D->getNameInfo().getAsString();
    412 
    413   QualType Ty = D->getType();
    414   while (const ParenType *PT = dyn_cast<ParenType>(Ty)) {
    415     Proto = '(' + Proto + ')';
    416     Ty = PT->getInnerType();
    417   }
    418 
    419   if (isa<FunctionType>(Ty)) {
    420     const FunctionType *AFT = Ty->getAs<FunctionType>();
    421     const FunctionProtoType *FT = 0;
    422     if (D->hasWrittenPrototype())
    423       FT = dyn_cast<FunctionProtoType>(AFT);
    424 
    425     Proto += "(";
    426     if (FT) {
    427       llvm::raw_string_ostream POut(Proto);
    428       DeclPrinter ParamPrinter(POut, SubPolicy, Indentation);
    429       for (unsigned i = 0, e = D->getNumParams(); i != e; ++i) {
    430         if (i) POut << ", ";
    431         ParamPrinter.VisitParmVarDecl(D->getParamDecl(i));
    432       }
    433 
    434       if (FT->isVariadic()) {
    435         if (D->getNumParams()) POut << ", ";
    436         POut << "...";
    437       }
    438     } else if (D->doesThisDeclarationHaveABody() && !D->hasPrototype()) {
    439       for (unsigned i = 0, e = D->getNumParams(); i != e; ++i) {
    440         if (i)
    441           Proto += ", ";
    442         Proto += D->getParamDecl(i)->getNameAsString();
    443       }
    444     }
    445 
    446     Proto += ")";
    447 
    448     if (FT) {
    449       if (FT->isConst())
    450         Proto += " const";
    451       if (FT->isVolatile())
    452         Proto += " volatile";
    453       if (FT->isRestrict())
    454         Proto += " restrict";
    455     }
    456 
    457     if (FT && FT->hasDynamicExceptionSpec()) {
    458       Proto += " throw(";
    459       if (FT->getExceptionSpecType() == EST_MSAny)
    460         Proto += "...";
    461       else
    462         for (unsigned I = 0, N = FT->getNumExceptions(); I != N; ++I) {
    463           if (I)
    464             Proto += ", ";
    465 
    466           Proto += FT->getExceptionType(I).getAsString(SubPolicy);
    467         }
    468       Proto += ")";
    469     } else if (FT && isNoexceptExceptionSpec(FT->getExceptionSpecType())) {
    470       Proto += " noexcept";
    471       if (FT->getExceptionSpecType() == EST_ComputedNoexcept) {
    472         Proto += "(";
    473         llvm::raw_string_ostream EOut(Proto);
    474         FT->getNoexceptExpr()->printPretty(EOut, 0, SubPolicy,
    475                                            Indentation);
    476         EOut.flush();
    477         Proto += EOut.str();
    478         Proto += ")";
    479       }
    480     }
    481 
    482     if (CDecl) {
    483       bool HasInitializerList = false;
    484       for (CXXConstructorDecl::init_const_iterator B = CDecl->init_begin(),
    485            E = CDecl->init_end();
    486            B != E; ++B) {
    487         CXXCtorInitializer * BMInitializer = (*B);
    488         if (BMInitializer->isInClassMemberInitializer())
    489           continue;
    490 
    491         if (!HasInitializerList) {
    492           Proto += " : ";
    493           Out << Proto;
    494           Proto.clear();
    495           HasInitializerList = true;
    496         } else
    497           Out << ", ";
    498 
    499         if (BMInitializer->isAnyMemberInitializer()) {
    500           FieldDecl *FD = BMInitializer->getAnyMember();
    501           Out << *FD;
    502         } else {
    503           Out << QualType(BMInitializer->getBaseClass(), 0).getAsString(Policy);
    504         }
    505 
    506         Out << "(";
    507         if (!BMInitializer->getInit()) {
    508           // Nothing to print
    509         } else {
    510           Expr *Init = BMInitializer->getInit();
    511           if (ExprWithCleanups *Tmp = dyn_cast<ExprWithCleanups>(Init))
    512             Init = Tmp->getSubExpr();
    513 
    514           Init = Init->IgnoreParens();
    515 
    516           Expr *SimpleInit = 0;
    517           Expr **Args = 0;
    518           unsigned NumArgs = 0;
    519           if (ParenListExpr *ParenList = dyn_cast<ParenListExpr>(Init)) {
    520             Args = ParenList->getExprs();
    521             NumArgs = ParenList->getNumExprs();
    522           } else if (CXXConstructExpr *Construct
    523                                         = dyn_cast<CXXConstructExpr>(Init)) {
    524             Args = Construct->getArgs();
    525             NumArgs = Construct->getNumArgs();
    526           } else
    527             SimpleInit = Init;
    528 
    529           if (SimpleInit)
    530             SimpleInit->printPretty(Out, 0, Policy, Indentation);
    531           else {
    532             for (unsigned I = 0; I != NumArgs; ++I) {
    533               if (isa<CXXDefaultArgExpr>(Args[I]))
    534                 break;
    535 
    536               if (I)
    537                 Out << ", ";
    538               Args[I]->printPretty(Out, 0, Policy, Indentation);
    539             }
    540           }
    541         }
    542         Out << ")";
    543       }
    544       if (!Proto.empty())
    545         Out << Proto;
    546     } else {
    547       if (FT && FT->hasTrailingReturn()) {
    548         Out << "auto " << Proto << " -> ";
    549         Proto.clear();
    550       }
    551       AFT->getResultType().print(Out, Policy, Proto);
    552     }
    553   } else {
    554     Ty.print(Out, Policy, Proto);
    555   }
    556 
    557   prettyPrintAttributes(D);
    558 
    559   if (D->isPure())
    560     Out << " = 0";
    561   else if (D->isDeletedAsWritten())
    562     Out << " = delete";
    563   else if (D->isExplicitlyDefaulted())
    564     Out << " = default";
    565   else if (D->doesThisDeclarationHaveABody() && !Policy.TerseOutput) {
    566     if (!D->hasPrototype() && D->getNumParams()) {
    567       // This is a K&R function definition, so we need to print the
    568       // parameters.
    569       Out << '\n';
    570       DeclPrinter ParamPrinter(Out, SubPolicy, Indentation);
    571       Indentation += Policy.Indentation;
    572       for (unsigned i = 0, e = D->getNumParams(); i != e; ++i) {
    573         Indent();
    574         ParamPrinter.VisitParmVarDecl(D->getParamDecl(i));
    575         Out << ";\n";
    576       }
    577       Indentation -= Policy.Indentation;
    578     } else
    579       Out << ' ';
    580 
    581     D->getBody()->printPretty(Out, 0, SubPolicy, Indentation);
    582     Out << '\n';
    583   }
    584 }
    585 
    586 void DeclPrinter::VisitFriendDecl(FriendDecl *D) {
    587   if (TypeSourceInfo *TSI = D->getFriendType()) {
    588     unsigned NumTPLists = D->getFriendTypeNumTemplateParameterLists();
    589     for (unsigned i = 0; i < NumTPLists; ++i)
    590       PrintTemplateParameters(D->getFriendTypeTemplateParameterList(i));
    591     Out << "friend ";
    592     Out << " " << TSI->getType().getAsString(Policy);
    593   }
    594   else if (FunctionDecl *FD =
    595       dyn_cast<FunctionDecl>(D->getFriendDecl())) {
    596     Out << "friend ";
    597     VisitFunctionDecl(FD);
    598   }
    599   else if (FunctionTemplateDecl *FTD =
    600            dyn_cast<FunctionTemplateDecl>(D->getFriendDecl())) {
    601     Out << "friend ";
    602     VisitFunctionTemplateDecl(FTD);
    603   }
    604   else if (ClassTemplateDecl *CTD =
    605            dyn_cast<ClassTemplateDecl>(D->getFriendDecl())) {
    606     Out << "friend ";
    607     VisitRedeclarableTemplateDecl(CTD);
    608   }
    609 }
    610 
    611 void DeclPrinter::VisitFieldDecl(FieldDecl *D) {
    612   if (!Policy.SuppressSpecifiers && D->isMutable())
    613     Out << "mutable ";
    614   if (!Policy.SuppressSpecifiers && D->isModulePrivate())
    615     Out << "__module_private__ ";
    616 
    617   Out << D->getType().stream(Policy, D->getName());
    618 
    619   if (D->isBitField()) {
    620     Out << " : ";
    621     D->getBitWidth()->printPretty(Out, 0, Policy, Indentation);
    622   }
    623 
    624   Expr *Init = D->getInClassInitializer();
    625   if (!Policy.SuppressInitializers && Init) {
    626     if (D->getInClassInitStyle() == ICIS_ListInit)
    627       Out << " ";
    628     else
    629       Out << " = ";
    630     Init->printPretty(Out, 0, Policy, Indentation);
    631   }
    632   prettyPrintAttributes(D);
    633 }
    634 
    635 void DeclPrinter::VisitLabelDecl(LabelDecl *D) {
    636   Out << *D << ":";
    637 }
    638 
    639 
    640 void DeclPrinter::VisitVarDecl(VarDecl *D) {
    641   StorageClass SCAsWritten = D->getStorageClassAsWritten();
    642   if (!Policy.SuppressSpecifiers && SCAsWritten != SC_None)
    643     Out << VarDecl::getStorageClassSpecifierString(SCAsWritten) << " ";
    644 
    645   if (!Policy.SuppressSpecifiers && D->isThreadSpecified())
    646     Out << "__thread ";
    647   if (!Policy.SuppressSpecifiers && D->isModulePrivate())
    648     Out << "__module_private__ ";
    649 
    650   QualType T = D->getType();
    651   if (ParmVarDecl *Parm = dyn_cast<ParmVarDecl>(D))
    652     T = Parm->getOriginalType();
    653   T.print(Out, Policy, D->getName());
    654   Expr *Init = D->getInit();
    655   if (!Policy.SuppressInitializers && Init) {
    656     bool ImplicitInit = false;
    657     if (CXXConstructExpr *Construct =
    658             dyn_cast<CXXConstructExpr>(Init->IgnoreImplicit())) {
    659       if (D->getInitStyle() == VarDecl::CallInit &&
    660           !Construct->isListInitialization()) {
    661         ImplicitInit = Construct->getNumArgs() == 0 ||
    662           Construct->getArg(0)->isDefaultArgument();
    663       }
    664     }
    665     if (!ImplicitInit) {
    666       if ((D->getInitStyle() == VarDecl::CallInit) && !isa<ParenListExpr>(Init))
    667         Out << "(";
    668       else if (D->getInitStyle() == VarDecl::CInit) {
    669         Out << " = ";
    670       }
    671       Init->printPretty(Out, 0, Policy, Indentation);
    672       if ((D->getInitStyle() == VarDecl::CallInit) && !isa<ParenListExpr>(Init))
    673         Out << ")";
    674     }
    675   }
    676   prettyPrintAttributes(D);
    677 }
    678 
    679 void DeclPrinter::VisitParmVarDecl(ParmVarDecl *D) {
    680   VisitVarDecl(D);
    681 }
    682 
    683 void DeclPrinter::VisitFileScopeAsmDecl(FileScopeAsmDecl *D) {
    684   Out << "__asm (";
    685   D->getAsmString()->printPretty(Out, 0, Policy, Indentation);
    686   Out << ")";
    687 }
    688 
    689 void DeclPrinter::VisitImportDecl(ImportDecl *D) {
    690   Out << "@import " << D->getImportedModule()->getFullModuleName()
    691       << ";\n";
    692 }
    693 
    694 void DeclPrinter::VisitStaticAssertDecl(StaticAssertDecl *D) {
    695   Out << "static_assert(";
    696   D->getAssertExpr()->printPretty(Out, 0, Policy, Indentation);
    697   Out << ", ";
    698   D->getMessage()->printPretty(Out, 0, Policy, Indentation);
    699   Out << ")";
    700 }
    701 
    702 //----------------------------------------------------------------------------
    703 // C++ declarations
    704 //----------------------------------------------------------------------------
    705 void DeclPrinter::VisitNamespaceDecl(NamespaceDecl *D) {
    706   if (D->isInline())
    707     Out << "inline ";
    708   Out << "namespace " << *D << " {\n";
    709   VisitDeclContext(D);
    710   Indent() << "}";
    711 }
    712 
    713 void DeclPrinter::VisitUsingDirectiveDecl(UsingDirectiveDecl *D) {
    714   Out << "using namespace ";
    715   if (D->getQualifier())
    716     D->getQualifier()->print(Out, Policy);
    717   Out << *D->getNominatedNamespaceAsWritten();
    718 }
    719 
    720 void DeclPrinter::VisitNamespaceAliasDecl(NamespaceAliasDecl *D) {
    721   Out << "namespace " << *D << " = ";
    722   if (D->getQualifier())
    723     D->getQualifier()->print(Out, Policy);
    724   Out << *D->getAliasedNamespace();
    725 }
    726 
    727 void DeclPrinter::VisitEmptyDecl(EmptyDecl *D) {
    728   prettyPrintAttributes(D);
    729 }
    730 
    731 void DeclPrinter::VisitCXXRecordDecl(CXXRecordDecl *D) {
    732   if (!Policy.SuppressSpecifiers && D->isModulePrivate())
    733     Out << "__module_private__ ";
    734   Out << D->getKindName();
    735   if (D->getIdentifier())
    736     Out << ' ' << *D;
    737 
    738   if (D->isCompleteDefinition()) {
    739     // Print the base classes
    740     if (D->getNumBases()) {
    741       Out << " : ";
    742       for (CXXRecordDecl::base_class_iterator Base = D->bases_begin(),
    743              BaseEnd = D->bases_end(); Base != BaseEnd; ++Base) {
    744         if (Base != D->bases_begin())
    745           Out << ", ";
    746 
    747         if (Base->isVirtual())
    748           Out << "virtual ";
    749 
    750         AccessSpecifier AS = Base->getAccessSpecifierAsWritten();
    751         if (AS != AS_none)
    752           Print(AS);
    753         Out << " " << Base->getType().getAsString(Policy);
    754 
    755         if (Base->isPackExpansion())
    756           Out << "...";
    757       }
    758     }
    759 
    760     // Print the class definition
    761     // FIXME: Doesn't print access specifiers, e.g., "public:"
    762     Out << " {\n";
    763     VisitDeclContext(D);
    764     Indent() << "}";
    765   }
    766 }
    767 
    768 void DeclPrinter::VisitLinkageSpecDecl(LinkageSpecDecl *D) {
    769   const char *l;
    770   if (D->getLanguage() == LinkageSpecDecl::lang_c)
    771     l = "C";
    772   else {
    773     assert(D->getLanguage() == LinkageSpecDecl::lang_cxx &&
    774            "unknown language in linkage specification");
    775     l = "C++";
    776   }
    777 
    778   Out << "extern \"" << l << "\" ";
    779   if (D->hasBraces()) {
    780     Out << "{\n";
    781     VisitDeclContext(D);
    782     Indent() << "}";
    783   } else
    784     Visit(*D->decls_begin());
    785 }
    786 
    787 void DeclPrinter::PrintTemplateParameters(const TemplateParameterList *Params,
    788                                           const TemplateArgumentList *Args) {
    789   assert(Params);
    790   assert(!Args || Params->size() == Args->size());
    791 
    792   Out << "template <";
    793 
    794   for (unsigned i = 0, e = Params->size(); i != e; ++i) {
    795     if (i != 0)
    796       Out << ", ";
    797 
    798     const Decl *Param = Params->getParam(i);
    799     if (const TemplateTypeParmDecl *TTP =
    800           dyn_cast<TemplateTypeParmDecl>(Param)) {
    801 
    802       if (TTP->wasDeclaredWithTypename())
    803         Out << "typename ";
    804       else
    805         Out << "class ";
    806 
    807       if (TTP->isParameterPack())
    808         Out << "... ";
    809 
    810       Out << *TTP;
    811 
    812       if (Args) {
    813         Out << " = ";
    814         Args->get(i).print(Policy, Out);
    815       } else if (TTP->hasDefaultArgument()) {
    816         Out << " = ";
    817         Out << TTP->getDefaultArgument().getAsString(Policy);
    818       };
    819     } else if (const NonTypeTemplateParmDecl *NTTP =
    820                  dyn_cast<NonTypeTemplateParmDecl>(Param)) {
    821       Out << NTTP->getType().getAsString(Policy);
    822 
    823       if (NTTP->isParameterPack() && !isa<PackExpansionType>(NTTP->getType()))
    824         Out << "...";
    825 
    826       if (IdentifierInfo *Name = NTTP->getIdentifier()) {
    827         Out << ' ';
    828         Out << Name->getName();
    829       }
    830 
    831       if (Args) {
    832         Out << " = ";
    833         Args->get(i).print(Policy, Out);
    834       } else if (NTTP->hasDefaultArgument()) {
    835         Out << " = ";
    836         NTTP->getDefaultArgument()->printPretty(Out, 0, Policy, Indentation);
    837       }
    838     } else if (const TemplateTemplateParmDecl *TTPD =
    839                  dyn_cast<TemplateTemplateParmDecl>(Param)) {
    840       VisitTemplateDecl(TTPD);
    841       // FIXME: print the default argument, if present.
    842     }
    843   }
    844 
    845   Out << "> ";
    846 }
    847 
    848 void DeclPrinter::VisitTemplateDecl(const TemplateDecl *D) {
    849   PrintTemplateParameters(D->getTemplateParameters());
    850 
    851   if (const TemplateTemplateParmDecl *TTP =
    852         dyn_cast<TemplateTemplateParmDecl>(D)) {
    853     Out << "class ";
    854     if (TTP->isParameterPack())
    855       Out << "...";
    856     Out << D->getName();
    857   } else {
    858     Visit(D->getTemplatedDecl());
    859   }
    860 }
    861 
    862 void DeclPrinter::VisitFunctionTemplateDecl(FunctionTemplateDecl *D) {
    863   if (PrintInstantiation) {
    864     TemplateParameterList *Params = D->getTemplateParameters();
    865     for (FunctionTemplateDecl::spec_iterator I = D->spec_begin(), E = D->spec_end();
    866          I != E; ++I) {
    867       PrintTemplateParameters(Params, (*I)->getTemplateSpecializationArgs());
    868       Visit(*I);
    869     }
    870   }
    871 
    872   return VisitRedeclarableTemplateDecl(D);
    873 }
    874 
    875 void DeclPrinter::VisitClassTemplateDecl(ClassTemplateDecl *D) {
    876   if (PrintInstantiation) {
    877     TemplateParameterList *Params = D->getTemplateParameters();
    878     for (ClassTemplateDecl::spec_iterator I = D->spec_begin(), E = D->spec_end();
    879          I != E; ++I) {
    880       PrintTemplateParameters(Params, &(*I)->getTemplateArgs());
    881       Visit(*I);
    882       Out << '\n';
    883     }
    884   }
    885 
    886   return VisitRedeclarableTemplateDecl(D);
    887 }
    888 
    889 //----------------------------------------------------------------------------
    890 // Objective-C declarations
    891 //----------------------------------------------------------------------------
    892 
    893 void DeclPrinter::VisitObjCMethodDecl(ObjCMethodDecl *OMD) {
    894   if (OMD->isInstanceMethod())
    895     Out << "- ";
    896   else
    897     Out << "+ ";
    898   if (!OMD->getResultType().isNull())
    899     Out << '(' << OMD->getResultType().getAsString(Policy) << ")";
    900 
    901   std::string name = OMD->getSelector().getAsString();
    902   std::string::size_type pos, lastPos = 0;
    903   for (ObjCMethodDecl::param_iterator PI = OMD->param_begin(),
    904        E = OMD->param_end(); PI != E; ++PI) {
    905     // FIXME: selector is missing here!
    906     pos = name.find_first_of(':', lastPos);
    907     Out << " " << name.substr(lastPos, pos - lastPos);
    908     Out << ":(" << (*PI)->getType().getAsString(Policy) << ')' << **PI;
    909     lastPos = pos + 1;
    910   }
    911 
    912   if (OMD->param_begin() == OMD->param_end())
    913     Out << " " << name;
    914 
    915   if (OMD->isVariadic())
    916       Out << ", ...";
    917 
    918   if (OMD->getBody() && !Policy.TerseOutput) {
    919     Out << ' ';
    920     OMD->getBody()->printPretty(Out, 0, Policy);
    921     Out << '\n';
    922   }
    923   else if (Policy.PolishForDeclaration)
    924     Out << ';';
    925 }
    926 
    927 void DeclPrinter::VisitObjCImplementationDecl(ObjCImplementationDecl *OID) {
    928   std::string I = OID->getNameAsString();
    929   ObjCInterfaceDecl *SID = OID->getSuperClass();
    930 
    931   if (SID)
    932     Out << "@implementation " << I << " : " << *SID;
    933   else
    934     Out << "@implementation " << I;
    935 
    936   if (OID->ivar_size() > 0) {
    937     Out << "{\n";
    938     Indentation += Policy.Indentation;
    939     for (ObjCImplementationDecl::ivar_iterator I = OID->ivar_begin(),
    940          E = OID->ivar_end(); I != E; ++I) {
    941       Indent() << I->getType().getAsString(Policy) << ' ' << **I << ";\n";
    942     }
    943     Indentation -= Policy.Indentation;
    944     Out << "}\n";
    945   }
    946   VisitDeclContext(OID, false);
    947   Out << "@end";
    948 }
    949 
    950 void DeclPrinter::VisitObjCInterfaceDecl(ObjCInterfaceDecl *OID) {
    951   std::string I = OID->getNameAsString();
    952   ObjCInterfaceDecl *SID = OID->getSuperClass();
    953 
    954   if (!OID->isThisDeclarationADefinition()) {
    955     Out << "@class " << I << ";";
    956     return;
    957   }
    958   bool eolnOut = false;
    959   if (SID)
    960     Out << "@interface " << I << " : " << *SID;
    961   else
    962     Out << "@interface " << I;
    963 
    964   // Protocols?
    965   const ObjCList<ObjCProtocolDecl> &Protocols = OID->getReferencedProtocols();
    966   if (!Protocols.empty()) {
    967     for (ObjCList<ObjCProtocolDecl>::iterator I = Protocols.begin(),
    968          E = Protocols.end(); I != E; ++I)
    969       Out << (I == Protocols.begin() ? '<' : ',') << **I;
    970     Out << "> ";
    971   }
    972 
    973   if (OID->ivar_size() > 0) {
    974     Out << "{\n";
    975     eolnOut = true;
    976     Indentation += Policy.Indentation;
    977     for (ObjCInterfaceDecl::ivar_iterator I = OID->ivar_begin(),
    978          E = OID->ivar_end(); I != E; ++I) {
    979       Indent() << I->getType().getAsString(Policy) << ' ' << **I << ";\n";
    980     }
    981     Indentation -= Policy.Indentation;
    982     Out << "}\n";
    983   }
    984   else if (SID) {
    985     Out << "\n";
    986     eolnOut = true;
    987   }
    988 
    989   VisitDeclContext(OID, false);
    990   if (!eolnOut)
    991     Out << ' ';
    992   Out << "@end";
    993   // FIXME: implement the rest...
    994 }
    995 
    996 void DeclPrinter::VisitObjCProtocolDecl(ObjCProtocolDecl *PID) {
    997   if (!PID->isThisDeclarationADefinition()) {
    998     Out << "@protocol " << *PID << ";\n";
    999     return;
   1000   }
   1001   // Protocols?
   1002   const ObjCList<ObjCProtocolDecl> &Protocols = PID->getReferencedProtocols();
   1003   if (!Protocols.empty()) {
   1004     Out << "@protocol " << *PID;
   1005     for (ObjCList<ObjCProtocolDecl>::iterator I = Protocols.begin(),
   1006          E = Protocols.end(); I != E; ++I)
   1007       Out << (I == Protocols.begin() ? '<' : ',') << **I;
   1008     Out << ">\n";
   1009   } else
   1010     Out << "@protocol " << *PID << '\n';
   1011   VisitDeclContext(PID, false);
   1012   Out << "@end";
   1013 }
   1014 
   1015 void DeclPrinter::VisitObjCCategoryImplDecl(ObjCCategoryImplDecl *PID) {
   1016   Out << "@implementation " << *PID->getClassInterface() << '(' << *PID <<")\n";
   1017 
   1018   VisitDeclContext(PID, false);
   1019   Out << "@end";
   1020   // FIXME: implement the rest...
   1021 }
   1022 
   1023 void DeclPrinter::VisitObjCCategoryDecl(ObjCCategoryDecl *PID) {
   1024   Out << "@interface " << *PID->getClassInterface() << '(' << *PID << ")\n";
   1025   if (PID->ivar_size() > 0) {
   1026     Out << "{\n";
   1027     Indentation += Policy.Indentation;
   1028     for (ObjCCategoryDecl::ivar_iterator I = PID->ivar_begin(),
   1029          E = PID->ivar_end(); I != E; ++I) {
   1030       Indent() << I->getType().getAsString(Policy) << ' ' << **I << ";\n";
   1031     }
   1032     Indentation -= Policy.Indentation;
   1033     Out << "}\n";
   1034   }
   1035 
   1036   VisitDeclContext(PID, false);
   1037   Out << "@end";
   1038 
   1039   // FIXME: implement the rest...
   1040 }
   1041 
   1042 void DeclPrinter::VisitObjCCompatibleAliasDecl(ObjCCompatibleAliasDecl *AID) {
   1043   Out << "@compatibility_alias " << *AID
   1044       << ' ' << *AID->getClassInterface() << ";\n";
   1045 }
   1046 
   1047 /// PrintObjCPropertyDecl - print a property declaration.
   1048 ///
   1049 void DeclPrinter::VisitObjCPropertyDecl(ObjCPropertyDecl *PDecl) {
   1050   if (PDecl->getPropertyImplementation() == ObjCPropertyDecl::Required)
   1051     Out << "@required\n";
   1052   else if (PDecl->getPropertyImplementation() == ObjCPropertyDecl::Optional)
   1053     Out << "@optional\n";
   1054 
   1055   Out << "@property";
   1056   if (PDecl->getPropertyAttributes() != ObjCPropertyDecl::OBJC_PR_noattr) {
   1057     bool first = true;
   1058     Out << " (";
   1059     if (PDecl->getPropertyAttributes() &
   1060         ObjCPropertyDecl::OBJC_PR_readonly) {
   1061       Out << (first ? ' ' : ',') << "readonly";
   1062       first = false;
   1063     }
   1064 
   1065     if (PDecl->getPropertyAttributes() & ObjCPropertyDecl::OBJC_PR_getter) {
   1066       Out << (first ? ' ' : ',') << "getter = "
   1067           << PDecl->getGetterName().getAsString();
   1068       first = false;
   1069     }
   1070     if (PDecl->getPropertyAttributes() & ObjCPropertyDecl::OBJC_PR_setter) {
   1071       Out << (first ? ' ' : ',') << "setter = "
   1072           << PDecl->getSetterName().getAsString();
   1073       first = false;
   1074     }
   1075 
   1076     if (PDecl->getPropertyAttributes() & ObjCPropertyDecl::OBJC_PR_assign) {
   1077       Out << (first ? ' ' : ',') << "assign";
   1078       first = false;
   1079     }
   1080 
   1081     if (PDecl->getPropertyAttributes() &
   1082         ObjCPropertyDecl::OBJC_PR_readwrite) {
   1083       Out << (first ? ' ' : ',') << "readwrite";
   1084       first = false;
   1085     }
   1086 
   1087     if (PDecl->getPropertyAttributes() & ObjCPropertyDecl::OBJC_PR_retain) {
   1088       Out << (first ? ' ' : ',') << "retain";
   1089       first = false;
   1090     }
   1091 
   1092     if (PDecl->getPropertyAttributes() & ObjCPropertyDecl::OBJC_PR_strong) {
   1093       Out << (first ? ' ' : ',') << "strong";
   1094       first = false;
   1095     }
   1096 
   1097     if (PDecl->getPropertyAttributes() & ObjCPropertyDecl::OBJC_PR_copy) {
   1098       Out << (first ? ' ' : ',') << "copy";
   1099       first = false;
   1100     }
   1101 
   1102     if (PDecl->getPropertyAttributes() &
   1103         ObjCPropertyDecl::OBJC_PR_nonatomic) {
   1104       Out << (first ? ' ' : ',') << "nonatomic";
   1105       first = false;
   1106     }
   1107     if (PDecl->getPropertyAttributes() &
   1108         ObjCPropertyDecl::OBJC_PR_atomic) {
   1109       Out << (first ? ' ' : ',') << "atomic";
   1110       first = false;
   1111     }
   1112 
   1113     (void) first; // Silence dead store warning due to idiomatic code.
   1114     Out << " )";
   1115   }
   1116   Out << ' ' << PDecl->getType().getAsString(Policy) << ' ' << *PDecl;
   1117   if (Policy.PolishForDeclaration)
   1118     Out << ';';
   1119 }
   1120 
   1121 void DeclPrinter::VisitObjCPropertyImplDecl(ObjCPropertyImplDecl *PID) {
   1122   if (PID->getPropertyImplementation() == ObjCPropertyImplDecl::Synthesize)
   1123     Out << "@synthesize ";
   1124   else
   1125     Out << "@dynamic ";
   1126   Out << *PID->getPropertyDecl();
   1127   if (PID->getPropertyIvarDecl())
   1128     Out << '=' << *PID->getPropertyIvarDecl();
   1129 }
   1130 
   1131 void DeclPrinter::VisitUsingDecl(UsingDecl *D) {
   1132   Out << "using ";
   1133   D->getQualifier()->print(Out, Policy);
   1134   Out << *D;
   1135 }
   1136 
   1137 void
   1138 DeclPrinter::VisitUnresolvedUsingTypenameDecl(UnresolvedUsingTypenameDecl *D) {
   1139   Out << "using typename ";
   1140   D->getQualifier()->print(Out, Policy);
   1141   Out << D->getDeclName();
   1142 }
   1143 
   1144 void DeclPrinter::VisitUnresolvedUsingValueDecl(UnresolvedUsingValueDecl *D) {
   1145   Out << "using ";
   1146   D->getQualifier()->print(Out, Policy);
   1147   Out << D->getName();
   1148 }
   1149 
   1150 void DeclPrinter::VisitUsingShadowDecl(UsingShadowDecl *D) {
   1151   // ignore
   1152 }
   1153