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      1 //===--- MemoryBuffer.cpp - Memory Buffer implementation ------------------===//
      2 //
      3 //                     The LLVM Compiler Infrastructure
      4 //
      5 // This file is distributed under the University of Illinois Open Source
      6 // License. See LICENSE.TXT for details.
      7 //
      8 //===----------------------------------------------------------------------===//
      9 //
     10 //  This file implements the MemoryBuffer interface.
     11 //
     12 //===----------------------------------------------------------------------===//
     13 
     14 #include "llvm/Support/MemoryBuffer.h"
     15 #include "llvm/ADT/OwningPtr.h"
     16 #include "llvm/ADT/SmallString.h"
     17 #include "llvm/Config/config.h"
     18 #include "llvm/Support/Errno.h"
     19 #include "llvm/Support/FileSystem.h"
     20 #include "llvm/Support/MathExtras.h"
     21 #include "llvm/Support/Path.h"
     22 #include "llvm/Support/Process.h"
     23 #include "llvm/Support/Program.h"
     24 #include "llvm/Support/system_error.h"
     25 #include <cassert>
     26 #include <cerrno>
     27 #include <cstdio>
     28 #include <cstring>
     29 #include <new>
     30 #include <sys/stat.h>
     31 #include <sys/types.h>
     32 #if !defined(_MSC_VER) && !defined(__MINGW32__)
     33 #include <unistd.h>
     34 #else
     35 #include <io.h>
     36 // Simplistic definitinos of these macros for use in getOpenFile.
     37 #ifndef S_ISREG
     38 #define S_ISREG(x) (1)
     39 #endif
     40 #ifndef S_ISBLK
     41 #define S_ISBLK(x) (0)
     42 #endif
     43 #endif
     44 using namespace llvm;
     45 
     46 //===----------------------------------------------------------------------===//
     47 // MemoryBuffer implementation itself.
     48 //===----------------------------------------------------------------------===//
     49 
     50 MemoryBuffer::~MemoryBuffer() { }
     51 
     52 /// init - Initialize this MemoryBuffer as a reference to externally allocated
     53 /// memory, memory that we know is already null terminated.
     54 void MemoryBuffer::init(const char *BufStart, const char *BufEnd,
     55                         bool RequiresNullTerminator) {
     56   assert((!RequiresNullTerminator || BufEnd[0] == 0) &&
     57          "Buffer is not null terminated!");
     58   BufferStart = BufStart;
     59   BufferEnd = BufEnd;
     60 }
     61 
     62 //===----------------------------------------------------------------------===//
     63 // MemoryBufferMem implementation.
     64 //===----------------------------------------------------------------------===//
     65 
     66 /// CopyStringRef - Copies contents of a StringRef into a block of memory and
     67 /// null-terminates it.
     68 static void CopyStringRef(char *Memory, StringRef Data) {
     69   memcpy(Memory, Data.data(), Data.size());
     70   Memory[Data.size()] = 0; // Null terminate string.
     71 }
     72 
     73 namespace {
     74 struct NamedBufferAlloc {
     75   StringRef Name;
     76   NamedBufferAlloc(StringRef Name) : Name(Name) {}
     77 };
     78 }
     79 
     80 void *operator new(size_t N, const NamedBufferAlloc &Alloc) {
     81   char *Mem = static_cast<char *>(operator new(N + Alloc.Name.size() + 1));
     82   CopyStringRef(Mem + N, Alloc.Name);
     83   return Mem;
     84 }
     85 
     86 namespace {
     87 /// MemoryBufferMem - Named MemoryBuffer pointing to a block of memory.
     88 class MemoryBufferMem : public MemoryBuffer {
     89 public:
     90   MemoryBufferMem(StringRef InputData, bool RequiresNullTerminator) {
     91     init(InputData.begin(), InputData.end(), RequiresNullTerminator);
     92   }
     93 
     94   virtual const char *getBufferIdentifier() const LLVM_OVERRIDE {
     95      // The name is stored after the class itself.
     96     return reinterpret_cast<const char*>(this + 1);
     97   }
     98 
     99   virtual BufferKind getBufferKind() const LLVM_OVERRIDE {
    100     return MemoryBuffer_Malloc;
    101   }
    102 };
    103 }
    104 
    105 /// getMemBuffer - Open the specified memory range as a MemoryBuffer.  Note
    106 /// that InputData must be a null terminated if RequiresNullTerminator is true!
    107 MemoryBuffer *MemoryBuffer::getMemBuffer(StringRef InputData,
    108                                          StringRef BufferName,
    109                                          bool RequiresNullTerminator) {
    110   return new (NamedBufferAlloc(BufferName))
    111       MemoryBufferMem(InputData, RequiresNullTerminator);
    112 }
    113 
    114 /// getMemBufferCopy - Open the specified memory range as a MemoryBuffer,
    115 /// copying the contents and taking ownership of it.  This has no requirements
    116 /// on EndPtr[0].
    117 MemoryBuffer *MemoryBuffer::getMemBufferCopy(StringRef InputData,
    118                                              StringRef BufferName) {
    119   MemoryBuffer *Buf = getNewUninitMemBuffer(InputData.size(), BufferName);
    120   if (!Buf) return 0;
    121   memcpy(const_cast<char*>(Buf->getBufferStart()), InputData.data(),
    122          InputData.size());
    123   return Buf;
    124 }
    125 
    126 /// getNewUninitMemBuffer - Allocate a new MemoryBuffer of the specified size
    127 /// that is not initialized.  Note that the caller should initialize the
    128 /// memory allocated by this method.  The memory is owned by the MemoryBuffer
    129 /// object.
    130 MemoryBuffer *MemoryBuffer::getNewUninitMemBuffer(size_t Size,
    131                                                   StringRef BufferName) {
    132   // Allocate space for the MemoryBuffer, the data and the name. It is important
    133   // that MemoryBuffer and data are aligned so PointerIntPair works with them.
    134   size_t AlignedStringLen =
    135     RoundUpToAlignment(sizeof(MemoryBufferMem) + BufferName.size() + 1,
    136                        sizeof(void*)); // TODO: Is sizeof(void*) enough?
    137   size_t RealLen = AlignedStringLen + Size + 1;
    138   char *Mem = static_cast<char*>(operator new(RealLen, std::nothrow));
    139   if (!Mem) return 0;
    140 
    141   // The name is stored after the class itself.
    142   CopyStringRef(Mem + sizeof(MemoryBufferMem), BufferName);
    143 
    144   // The buffer begins after the name and must be aligned.
    145   char *Buf = Mem + AlignedStringLen;
    146   Buf[Size] = 0; // Null terminate buffer.
    147 
    148   return new (Mem) MemoryBufferMem(StringRef(Buf, Size), true);
    149 }
    150 
    151 /// getNewMemBuffer - Allocate a new MemoryBuffer of the specified size that
    152 /// is completely initialized to zeros.  Note that the caller should
    153 /// initialize the memory allocated by this method.  The memory is owned by
    154 /// the MemoryBuffer object.
    155 MemoryBuffer *MemoryBuffer::getNewMemBuffer(size_t Size, StringRef BufferName) {
    156   MemoryBuffer *SB = getNewUninitMemBuffer(Size, BufferName);
    157   if (!SB) return 0;
    158   memset(const_cast<char*>(SB->getBufferStart()), 0, Size);
    159   return SB;
    160 }
    161 
    162 
    163 /// getFileOrSTDIN - Open the specified file as a MemoryBuffer, or open stdin
    164 /// if the Filename is "-".  If an error occurs, this returns null and fills
    165 /// in *ErrStr with a reason.  If stdin is empty, this API (unlike getSTDIN)
    166 /// returns an empty buffer.
    167 error_code MemoryBuffer::getFileOrSTDIN(StringRef Filename,
    168                                         OwningPtr<MemoryBuffer> &result,
    169                                         int64_t FileSize) {
    170   if (Filename == "-")
    171     return getSTDIN(result);
    172   return getFile(Filename, result, FileSize);
    173 }
    174 
    175 //===----------------------------------------------------------------------===//
    176 // MemoryBuffer::getFile implementation.
    177 //===----------------------------------------------------------------------===//
    178 
    179 namespace {
    180 /// \brief Memorry maps a file descriptor using sys::fs::mapped_file_region.
    181 ///
    182 /// This handles converting the offset into a legal offset on the platform.
    183 class MemoryBufferMMapFile : public MemoryBuffer {
    184   sys::fs::mapped_file_region MFR;
    185 
    186   static uint64_t getLegalMapOffset(uint64_t Offset) {
    187     return Offset & ~(sys::fs::mapped_file_region::alignment() - 1);
    188   }
    189 
    190   static uint64_t getLegalMapSize(uint64_t Len, uint64_t Offset) {
    191     return Len + (Offset - getLegalMapOffset(Offset));
    192   }
    193 
    194   const char *getStart(uint64_t Len, uint64_t Offset) {
    195     return MFR.const_data() + (Offset - getLegalMapOffset(Offset));
    196   }
    197 
    198 public:
    199   MemoryBufferMMapFile(bool RequiresNullTerminator, int FD, uint64_t Len,
    200                        uint64_t Offset, error_code EC)
    201       : MFR(FD, false, sys::fs::mapped_file_region::readonly,
    202             getLegalMapSize(Len, Offset), getLegalMapOffset(Offset), EC) {
    203     if (!EC) {
    204       const char *Start = getStart(Len, Offset);
    205       init(Start, Start + Len, RequiresNullTerminator);
    206     }
    207   }
    208 
    209   virtual const char *getBufferIdentifier() const LLVM_OVERRIDE {
    210     // The name is stored after the class itself.
    211     return reinterpret_cast<const char *>(this + 1);
    212   }
    213 
    214   virtual BufferKind getBufferKind() const LLVM_OVERRIDE {
    215     return MemoryBuffer_MMap;
    216   }
    217 };
    218 }
    219 
    220 static error_code getMemoryBufferForStream(int FD,
    221                                            StringRef BufferName,
    222                                            OwningPtr<MemoryBuffer> &result) {
    223   const ssize_t ChunkSize = 4096*4;
    224   SmallString<ChunkSize> Buffer;
    225   ssize_t ReadBytes;
    226   // Read into Buffer until we hit EOF.
    227   do {
    228     Buffer.reserve(Buffer.size() + ChunkSize);
    229     ReadBytes = read(FD, Buffer.end(), ChunkSize);
    230     if (ReadBytes == -1) {
    231       if (errno == EINTR) continue;
    232       return error_code(errno, posix_category());
    233     }
    234     Buffer.set_size(Buffer.size() + ReadBytes);
    235   } while (ReadBytes != 0);
    236 
    237   result.reset(MemoryBuffer::getMemBufferCopy(Buffer, BufferName));
    238   return error_code::success();
    239 }
    240 
    241 error_code MemoryBuffer::getFile(StringRef Filename,
    242                                  OwningPtr<MemoryBuffer> &result,
    243                                  int64_t FileSize,
    244                                  bool RequiresNullTerminator) {
    245   // Ensure the path is null terminated.
    246   SmallString<256> PathBuf(Filename.begin(), Filename.end());
    247   return MemoryBuffer::getFile(PathBuf.c_str(), result, FileSize,
    248                                RequiresNullTerminator);
    249 }
    250 
    251 static error_code getOpenFileImpl(int FD, const char *Filename,
    252                                   OwningPtr<MemoryBuffer> &Result,
    253                                   uint64_t FileSize, uint64_t MapSize,
    254                                   int64_t Offset, bool RequiresNullTerminator);
    255 
    256 error_code MemoryBuffer::getFile(const char *Filename,
    257                                  OwningPtr<MemoryBuffer> &result,
    258                                  int64_t FileSize,
    259                                  bool RequiresNullTerminator) {
    260   int FD;
    261   error_code EC = sys::fs::openFileForRead(Filename, FD);
    262   if (EC)
    263     return EC;
    264 
    265   error_code ret = getOpenFileImpl(FD, Filename, result, FileSize, FileSize, 0,
    266                                    RequiresNullTerminator);
    267   close(FD);
    268   return ret;
    269 }
    270 
    271 static bool shouldUseMmap(int FD,
    272                           size_t FileSize,
    273                           size_t MapSize,
    274                           off_t Offset,
    275                           bool RequiresNullTerminator,
    276                           int PageSize) {
    277   // We don't use mmap for small files because this can severely fragment our
    278   // address space.
    279   if (MapSize < 4096*4)
    280     return false;
    281 
    282   if (!RequiresNullTerminator)
    283     return true;
    284 
    285 
    286   // If we don't know the file size, use fstat to find out.  fstat on an open
    287   // file descriptor is cheaper than stat on a random path.
    288   // FIXME: this chunk of code is duplicated, but it avoids a fstat when
    289   // RequiresNullTerminator = false and MapSize != -1.
    290   if (FileSize == size_t(-1)) {
    291     sys::fs::file_status Status;
    292     error_code EC = sys::fs::status(FD, Status);
    293     if (EC)
    294       return EC;
    295     FileSize = Status.getSize();
    296   }
    297 
    298   // If we need a null terminator and the end of the map is inside the file,
    299   // we cannot use mmap.
    300   size_t End = Offset + MapSize;
    301   assert(End <= FileSize);
    302   if (End != FileSize)
    303     return false;
    304 
    305   // Don't try to map files that are exactly a multiple of the system page size
    306   // if we need a null terminator.
    307   if ((FileSize & (PageSize -1)) == 0)
    308     return false;
    309 
    310   return true;
    311 }
    312 
    313 static error_code getOpenFileImpl(int FD, const char *Filename,
    314                                   OwningPtr<MemoryBuffer> &result,
    315                                   uint64_t FileSize, uint64_t MapSize,
    316                                   int64_t Offset, bool RequiresNullTerminator) {
    317   static int PageSize = sys::process::get_self()->page_size();
    318 
    319   // Default is to map the full file.
    320   if (MapSize == uint64_t(-1)) {
    321     // If we don't know the file size, use fstat to find out.  fstat on an open
    322     // file descriptor is cheaper than stat on a random path.
    323     if (FileSize == uint64_t(-1)) {
    324       sys::fs::file_status Status;
    325       error_code EC = sys::fs::status(FD, Status);
    326       if (EC)
    327         return EC;
    328 
    329       // If this not a file or a block device (e.g. it's a named pipe
    330       // or character device), we can't trust the size. Create the memory
    331       // buffer by copying off the stream.
    332       sys::fs::file_type Type = Status.type();
    333       if (Type != sys::fs::file_type::regular_file &&
    334           Type != sys::fs::file_type::block_file)
    335         return getMemoryBufferForStream(FD, Filename, result);
    336 
    337       FileSize = Status.getSize();
    338     }
    339     MapSize = FileSize;
    340   }
    341 
    342   if (shouldUseMmap(FD, FileSize, MapSize, Offset, RequiresNullTerminator,
    343                     PageSize)) {
    344     error_code EC;
    345     result.reset(new (NamedBufferAlloc(Filename)) MemoryBufferMMapFile(
    346         RequiresNullTerminator, FD, MapSize, Offset, EC));
    347     if (!EC)
    348       return error_code::success();
    349   }
    350 
    351   MemoryBuffer *Buf = MemoryBuffer::getNewUninitMemBuffer(MapSize, Filename);
    352   if (!Buf) {
    353     // Failed to create a buffer. The only way it can fail is if
    354     // new(std::nothrow) returns 0.
    355     return make_error_code(errc::not_enough_memory);
    356   }
    357 
    358   OwningPtr<MemoryBuffer> SB(Buf);
    359   char *BufPtr = const_cast<char*>(SB->getBufferStart());
    360 
    361   size_t BytesLeft = MapSize;
    362 #ifndef HAVE_PREAD
    363   if (lseek(FD, Offset, SEEK_SET) == -1)
    364     return error_code(errno, posix_category());
    365 #endif
    366 
    367   while (BytesLeft) {
    368 #ifdef HAVE_PREAD
    369     ssize_t NumRead = ::pread(FD, BufPtr, BytesLeft, MapSize-BytesLeft+Offset);
    370 #else
    371     ssize_t NumRead = ::read(FD, BufPtr, BytesLeft);
    372 #endif
    373     if (NumRead == -1) {
    374       if (errno == EINTR)
    375         continue;
    376       // Error while reading.
    377       return error_code(errno, posix_category());
    378     }
    379     if (NumRead == 0) {
    380       assert(0 && "We got inaccurate FileSize value or fstat reported an "
    381                    "invalid file size.");
    382       *BufPtr = '\0'; // null-terminate at the actual size.
    383       break;
    384     }
    385     BytesLeft -= NumRead;
    386     BufPtr += NumRead;
    387   }
    388 
    389   result.swap(SB);
    390   return error_code::success();
    391 }
    392 
    393 error_code MemoryBuffer::getOpenFile(int FD, const char *Filename,
    394                                      OwningPtr<MemoryBuffer> &Result,
    395                                      uint64_t FileSize,
    396                                      bool RequiresNullTerminator) {
    397   return getOpenFileImpl(FD, Filename, Result, FileSize, FileSize, 0,
    398                          RequiresNullTerminator);
    399 }
    400 
    401 error_code MemoryBuffer::getOpenFileSlice(int FD, const char *Filename,
    402                                           OwningPtr<MemoryBuffer> &Result,
    403                                           uint64_t MapSize, int64_t Offset) {
    404   return getOpenFileImpl(FD, Filename, Result, -1, MapSize, Offset, false);
    405 }
    406 
    407 //===----------------------------------------------------------------------===//
    408 // MemoryBuffer::getSTDIN implementation.
    409 //===----------------------------------------------------------------------===//
    410 
    411 error_code MemoryBuffer::getSTDIN(OwningPtr<MemoryBuffer> &result) {
    412   // Read in all of the data from stdin, we cannot mmap stdin.
    413   //
    414   // FIXME: That isn't necessarily true, we should try to mmap stdin and
    415   // fallback if it fails.
    416   sys::ChangeStdinToBinary();
    417 
    418   return getMemoryBufferForStream(0, "<stdin>", result);
    419 }
    420