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      1 // Copyright (c) 2012 The Chromium Authors. All rights reserved.
      2 // Use of this source code is governed by a BSD-style license that can be
      3 // found in the LICENSE file.
      4 
      5 // Histogram is an object that aggregates statistics, and can summarize them in
      6 // various forms, including ASCII graphical, HTML, and numerically (as a
      7 // vector of numbers corresponding to each of the aggregating buckets).
      8 
      9 // It supports calls to accumulate either time intervals (which are processed
     10 // as integral number of milliseconds), or arbitrary integral units.
     11 
     12 // For Histogram(exponential histogram), LinearHistogram and CustomHistogram,
     13 // the minimum for a declared range is 1 (instead of 0), while the maximum is
     14 // (HistogramBase::kSampleType_MAX - 1). Currently you can declare histograms
     15 // with ranges exceeding those limits (e.g. 0 as minimal or
     16 // HistogramBase::kSampleType_MAX as maximal), but those excesses will be
     17 // silently clamped to those limits (for backwards compatibility with existing
     18 // code). Best practice is to not exceed the limits.
     19 
     20 // Each use of a histogram with the same name will reference the same underlying
     21 // data, so it is safe to record to the same histogram from multiple locations
     22 // in the code. It is a runtime error if all uses of the same histogram do not
     23 // agree exactly in type, bucket size and range.
     24 
     25 // For Histogram and LinearHistogram, the maximum for a declared range should
     26 // always be larger (not equal) than minimal range. Zero and
     27 // HistogramBase::kSampleType_MAX are implicitly added as first and last ranges,
     28 // so the smallest legal bucket_count is 3. However CustomHistogram can have
     29 // bucket count as 2 (when you give a custom ranges vector containing only 1
     30 // range).
     31 // For these 3 kinds of histograms, the max bucket count is always
     32 // (Histogram::kBucketCount_MAX - 1).
     33 
     34 // The buckets layout of class Histogram is exponential. For example, buckets
     35 // might contain (sequentially) the count of values in the following intervals:
     36 // [0,1), [1,2), [2,4), [4,8), [8,16), [16,32), [32,64), [64,infinity)
     37 // That bucket allocation would actually result from construction of a histogram
     38 // for values between 1 and 64, with 8 buckets, such as:
     39 // Histogram count("some name", 1, 64, 8);
     40 // Note that the underflow bucket [0,1) and the overflow bucket [64,infinity)
     41 // are also counted by the constructor in the user supplied "bucket_count"
     42 // argument.
     43 // The above example has an exponential ratio of 2 (doubling the bucket width
     44 // in each consecutive bucket.  The Histogram class automatically calculates
     45 // the smallest ratio that it can use to construct the number of buckets
     46 // selected in the constructor.  An another example, if you had 50 buckets,
     47 // and millisecond time values from 1 to 10000, then the ratio between
     48 // consecutive bucket widths will be approximately somewhere around the 50th
     49 // root of 10000.  This approach provides very fine grain (narrow) buckets
     50 // at the low end of the histogram scale, but allows the histogram to cover a
     51 // gigantic range with the addition of very few buckets.
     52 
     53 // Usually we use macros to define and use a histogram. These macros use a
     54 // pattern involving a function static variable, that is a pointer to a
     55 // histogram.  This static is explicitly initialized on any thread
     56 // that detects a uninitialized (NULL) pointer.  The potentially racy
     57 // initialization is not a problem as it is always set to point to the same
     58 // value (i.e., the FactoryGet always returns the same value).  FactoryGet
     59 // is also completely thread safe, which results in a completely thread safe,
     60 // and relatively fast, set of counters.  To avoid races at shutdown, the static
     61 // pointer is NOT deleted, and we leak the histograms at process termination.
     62 
     63 #ifndef BASE_METRICS_HISTOGRAM_H_
     64 #define BASE_METRICS_HISTOGRAM_H_
     65 
     66 #include <map>
     67 #include <string>
     68 #include <vector>
     69 
     70 #include "base/atomicops.h"
     71 #include "base/base_export.h"
     72 #include "base/basictypes.h"
     73 #include "base/compiler_specific.h"
     74 #include "base/gtest_prod_util.h"
     75 #include "base/logging.h"
     76 #include "base/memory/scoped_ptr.h"
     77 #include "base/metrics/bucket_ranges.h"
     78 #include "base/metrics/histogram_base.h"
     79 #include "base/metrics/histogram_samples.h"
     80 #include "base/time/time.h"
     81 
     82 class Pickle;
     83 class PickleIterator;
     84 
     85 namespace base {
     86 
     87 class Lock;
     88 //------------------------------------------------------------------------------
     89 // Histograms are often put in areas where they are called many many times, and
     90 // performance is critical.  As a result, they are designed to have a very low
     91 // recurring cost of executing (adding additional samples).  Toward that end,
     92 // the macros declare a static pointer to the histogram in question, and only
     93 // take a "slow path" to construct (or find) the histogram on the first run
     94 // through the macro.  We leak the histograms at shutdown time so that we don't
     95 // have to validate using the pointers at any time during the running of the
     96 // process.
     97 
     98 // The following code is generally what a thread-safe static pointer
     99 // initialization looks like for a histogram (after a macro is expanded).  This
    100 // sample is an expansion (with comments) of the code for
    101 // LOCAL_HISTOGRAM_CUSTOM_COUNTS().
    102 
    103 /*
    104   do {
    105     // The pointer's presence indicates the initialization is complete.
    106     // Initialization is idempotent, so it can safely be atomically repeated.
    107     static base::subtle::AtomicWord atomic_histogram_pointer = 0;
    108 
    109     // Acquire_Load() ensures that we acquire visibility to the pointed-to data
    110     // in the histogram.
    111     base::Histogram* histogram_pointer(reinterpret_cast<base::Histogram*>(
    112         base::subtle::Acquire_Load(&atomic_histogram_pointer)));
    113 
    114     if (!histogram_pointer) {
    115       // This is the slow path, which will construct OR find the matching
    116       // histogram.  FactoryGet includes locks on a global histogram name map
    117       // and is completely thread safe.
    118       histogram_pointer = base::Histogram::FactoryGet(
    119           name, min, max, bucket_count, base::HistogramBase::kNoFlags);
    120 
    121       // Use Release_Store to ensure that the histogram data is made available
    122       // globally before we make the pointer visible.
    123       // Several threads may perform this store, but the same value will be
    124       // stored in all cases (for a given named/spec'ed histogram).
    125       // We could do this without any barrier, since FactoryGet entered and
    126       // exited a lock after construction, but this barrier makes things clear.
    127       base::subtle::Release_Store(&atomic_histogram_pointer,
    128           reinterpret_cast<base::subtle::AtomicWord>(histogram_pointer));
    129     }
    130 
    131     // Ensure calling contract is upheld, and the name does NOT vary.
    132     DCHECK(histogram_pointer->histogram_name() == constant_histogram_name);
    133 
    134     histogram_pointer->Add(sample);
    135   } while (0);
    136 */
    137 
    138 // The above pattern is repeated in several macros.  The only elements that
    139 // vary are the invocation of the Add(sample) vs AddTime(sample), and the choice
    140 // of which FactoryGet method to use.  The different FactoryGet methods have
    141 // various argument lists, so the function with its argument list is provided as
    142 // a macro argument here.  The name is only used in a DCHECK, to assure that
    143 // callers don't try to vary the name of the histogram (which would tend to be
    144 // ignored by the one-time initialization of the histogtram_pointer).
    145 #define STATIC_HISTOGRAM_POINTER_BLOCK(constant_histogram_name, \
    146                                        histogram_add_method_invocation, \
    147                                        histogram_factory_get_invocation) \
    148   do { \
    149     static base::subtle::AtomicWord atomic_histogram_pointer = 0; \
    150     base::HistogramBase* histogram_pointer( \
    151         reinterpret_cast<base::HistogramBase*>( \
    152             base::subtle::Acquire_Load(&atomic_histogram_pointer))); \
    153     if (!histogram_pointer) { \
    154       histogram_pointer = histogram_factory_get_invocation; \
    155       base::subtle::Release_Store(&atomic_histogram_pointer, \
    156           reinterpret_cast<base::subtle::AtomicWord>(histogram_pointer)); \
    157     } \
    158     if (DCHECK_IS_ON) \
    159       histogram_pointer->CheckName(constant_histogram_name); \
    160     histogram_pointer->histogram_add_method_invocation; \
    161   } while (0)
    162 
    163 
    164 //------------------------------------------------------------------------------
    165 // Provide easy general purpose histogram in a macro, just like stats counters.
    166 // The first four macros use 50 buckets.
    167 
    168 #define LOCAL_HISTOGRAM_TIMES(name, sample) LOCAL_HISTOGRAM_CUSTOM_TIMES( \
    169     name, sample, base::TimeDelta::FromMilliseconds(1), \
    170     base::TimeDelta::FromSeconds(10), 50)
    171 
    172 // For folks that need real specific times, use this to select a precise range
    173 // of times you want plotted, and the number of buckets you want used.
    174 #define LOCAL_HISTOGRAM_CUSTOM_TIMES(name, sample, min, max, bucket_count) \
    175     STATIC_HISTOGRAM_POINTER_BLOCK(name, AddTime(sample), \
    176         base::Histogram::FactoryTimeGet(name, min, max, bucket_count, \
    177                                         base::HistogramBase::kNoFlags))
    178 
    179 #define LOCAL_HISTOGRAM_COUNTS(name, sample) LOCAL_HISTOGRAM_CUSTOM_COUNTS( \
    180     name, sample, 1, 1000000, 50)
    181 
    182 #define LOCAL_HISTOGRAM_COUNTS_100(name, sample) \
    183     LOCAL_HISTOGRAM_CUSTOM_COUNTS(name, sample, 1, 100, 50)
    184 
    185 #define LOCAL_HISTOGRAM_COUNTS_10000(name, sample) \
    186     LOCAL_HISTOGRAM_CUSTOM_COUNTS(name, sample, 1, 10000, 50)
    187 
    188 #define LOCAL_HISTOGRAM_CUSTOM_COUNTS(name, sample, min, max, bucket_count) \
    189     STATIC_HISTOGRAM_POINTER_BLOCK(name, Add(sample), \
    190         base::Histogram::FactoryGet(name, min, max, bucket_count, \
    191                                     base::HistogramBase::kNoFlags))
    192 
    193 // This is a helper macro used by other macros and shouldn't be used directly.
    194 #define HISTOGRAM_ENUMERATION_WITH_FLAG(name, sample, boundary, flag) \
    195     STATIC_HISTOGRAM_POINTER_BLOCK(name, Add(sample), \
    196         base::LinearHistogram::FactoryGet(name, 1, boundary, boundary + 1, \
    197             flag))
    198 
    199 #define LOCAL_HISTOGRAM_PERCENTAGE(name, under_one_hundred) \
    200     LOCAL_HISTOGRAM_ENUMERATION(name, under_one_hundred, 101)
    201 
    202 #define LOCAL_HISTOGRAM_BOOLEAN(name, sample) \
    203     STATIC_HISTOGRAM_POINTER_BLOCK(name, AddBoolean(sample), \
    204         base::BooleanHistogram::FactoryGet(name, base::Histogram::kNoFlags))
    205 
    206 // Support histograming of an enumerated value.  The samples should always be
    207 // strictly less than |boundary_value| -- this prevents you from running into
    208 // problems down the line if you add additional buckets to the histogram.  Note
    209 // also that, despite explicitly setting the minimum bucket value to |1| below,
    210 // it is fine for enumerated histograms to be 0-indexed -- this is because
    211 // enumerated histograms should never have underflow.
    212 #define LOCAL_HISTOGRAM_ENUMERATION(name, sample, boundary_value) \
    213     STATIC_HISTOGRAM_POINTER_BLOCK(name, Add(sample), \
    214         base::LinearHistogram::FactoryGet(name, 1, boundary_value, \
    215             boundary_value + 1, base::HistogramBase::kNoFlags))
    216 
    217 // Support histograming of an enumerated value. Samples should be one of the
    218 // std::vector<int> list provided via |custom_ranges|. See comments above
    219 // CustomRanges::FactoryGet about the requirement of |custom_ranges|.
    220 // You can use the helper function CustomHistogram::ArrayToCustomRanges to
    221 // transform a C-style array of valid sample values to a std::vector<int>.
    222 #define LOCAL_HISTOGRAM_CUSTOM_ENUMERATION(name, sample, custom_ranges) \
    223     STATIC_HISTOGRAM_POINTER_BLOCK(name, Add(sample), \
    224         base::CustomHistogram::FactoryGet(name, custom_ranges, \
    225                                           base::HistogramBase::kNoFlags))
    226 
    227 #define LOCAL_HISTOGRAM_MEMORY_KB(name, sample) LOCAL_HISTOGRAM_CUSTOM_COUNTS( \
    228     name, sample, 1000, 500000, 50)
    229 
    230 //------------------------------------------------------------------------------
    231 // The following macros provide typical usage scenarios for callers that wish
    232 // to record histogram data, and have the data submitted/uploaded via UMA.
    233 // Not all systems support such UMA, but if they do, the following macros
    234 // should work with the service.
    235 
    236 #define UMA_HISTOGRAM_TIMES(name, sample) UMA_HISTOGRAM_CUSTOM_TIMES( \
    237     name, sample, base::TimeDelta::FromMilliseconds(1), \
    238     base::TimeDelta::FromSeconds(10), 50)
    239 
    240 #define UMA_HISTOGRAM_MEDIUM_TIMES(name, sample) UMA_HISTOGRAM_CUSTOM_TIMES( \
    241     name, sample, base::TimeDelta::FromMilliseconds(10), \
    242     base::TimeDelta::FromMinutes(3), 50)
    243 
    244 // Use this macro when times can routinely be much longer than 10 seconds.
    245 #define UMA_HISTOGRAM_LONG_TIMES(name, sample) UMA_HISTOGRAM_CUSTOM_TIMES( \
    246     name, sample, base::TimeDelta::FromMilliseconds(1), \
    247     base::TimeDelta::FromHours(1), 50)
    248 
    249 // Use this macro when times can routinely be much longer than 10 seconds and
    250 // you want 100 buckets.
    251 #define UMA_HISTOGRAM_LONG_TIMES_100(name, sample) UMA_HISTOGRAM_CUSTOM_TIMES( \
    252     name, sample, base::TimeDelta::FromMilliseconds(1), \
    253     base::TimeDelta::FromHours(1), 100)
    254 
    255 #define UMA_HISTOGRAM_CUSTOM_TIMES(name, sample, min, max, bucket_count) \
    256     STATIC_HISTOGRAM_POINTER_BLOCK(name, AddTime(sample), \
    257         base::Histogram::FactoryTimeGet(name, min, max, bucket_count, \
    258             base::HistogramBase::kUmaTargetedHistogramFlag))
    259 
    260 #define UMA_HISTOGRAM_COUNTS(name, sample) UMA_HISTOGRAM_CUSTOM_COUNTS( \
    261     name, sample, 1, 1000000, 50)
    262 
    263 #define UMA_HISTOGRAM_COUNTS_100(name, sample) UMA_HISTOGRAM_CUSTOM_COUNTS( \
    264     name, sample, 1, 100, 50)
    265 
    266 #define UMA_HISTOGRAM_COUNTS_10000(name, sample) UMA_HISTOGRAM_CUSTOM_COUNTS( \
    267     name, sample, 1, 10000, 50)
    268 
    269 #define UMA_HISTOGRAM_CUSTOM_COUNTS(name, sample, min, max, bucket_count) \
    270     STATIC_HISTOGRAM_POINTER_BLOCK(name, Add(sample), \
    271         base::Histogram::FactoryGet(name, min, max, bucket_count, \
    272             base::HistogramBase::kUmaTargetedHistogramFlag))
    273 
    274 #define UMA_HISTOGRAM_MEMORY_KB(name, sample) UMA_HISTOGRAM_CUSTOM_COUNTS( \
    275     name, sample, 1000, 500000, 50)
    276 
    277 #define UMA_HISTOGRAM_MEMORY_MB(name, sample) UMA_HISTOGRAM_CUSTOM_COUNTS( \
    278     name, sample, 1, 1000, 50)
    279 
    280 #define UMA_HISTOGRAM_PERCENTAGE(name, under_one_hundred) \
    281     UMA_HISTOGRAM_ENUMERATION(name, under_one_hundred, 101)
    282 
    283 #define UMA_HISTOGRAM_BOOLEAN(name, sample) \
    284     STATIC_HISTOGRAM_POINTER_BLOCK(name, AddBoolean(sample), \
    285         base::BooleanHistogram::FactoryGet(name, \
    286             base::HistogramBase::kUmaTargetedHistogramFlag))
    287 
    288 // The samples should always be strictly less than |boundary_value|.  For more
    289 // details, see the comment for the |HISTOGRAM_ENUMERATION| macro, above.
    290 #define UMA_HISTOGRAM_ENUMERATION(name, sample, boundary_value) \
    291     HISTOGRAM_ENUMERATION_WITH_FLAG(name, sample, boundary_value, \
    292         base::HistogramBase::kUmaTargetedHistogramFlag)
    293 
    294 // Similar to UMA_HISTOGRAM_ENUMERATION, but used for recording stability
    295 // histograms.  Use this if recording a histogram that should be part of the
    296 // initial stability log.
    297 #define UMA_STABILITY_HISTOGRAM_ENUMERATION(name, sample, boundary_value) \
    298     HISTOGRAM_ENUMERATION_WITH_FLAG(name, sample, boundary_value, \
    299         base::HistogramBase::kUmaStabilityHistogramFlag)
    300 
    301 #define UMA_HISTOGRAM_CUSTOM_ENUMERATION(name, sample, custom_ranges) \
    302     STATIC_HISTOGRAM_POINTER_BLOCK(name, Add(sample), \
    303         base::CustomHistogram::FactoryGet(name, custom_ranges, \
    304             base::HistogramBase::kUmaTargetedHistogramFlag))
    305 
    306 //------------------------------------------------------------------------------
    307 
    308 class BucketRanges;
    309 class SampleVector;
    310 
    311 class BooleanHistogram;
    312 class CustomHistogram;
    313 class Histogram;
    314 class LinearHistogram;
    315 
    316 class BASE_EXPORT Histogram : public HistogramBase {
    317  public:
    318   // Initialize maximum number of buckets in histograms as 16,384.
    319   static const size_t kBucketCount_MAX;
    320 
    321   typedef std::vector<Count> Counts;
    322 
    323   //----------------------------------------------------------------------------
    324   // For a valid histogram, input should follow these restrictions:
    325   // minimum > 0 (if a minimum below 1 is specified, it will implicitly be
    326   //              normalized up to 1)
    327   // maximum > minimum
    328   // buckets > 2 [minimum buckets needed: underflow, overflow and the range]
    329   // Additionally,
    330   // buckets <= (maximum - minimum + 2) - this is to ensure that we don't have
    331   // more buckets than the range of numbers; having more buckets than 1 per
    332   // value in the range would be nonsensical.
    333   static HistogramBase* FactoryGet(const std::string& name,
    334                                    Sample minimum,
    335                                    Sample maximum,
    336                                    size_t bucket_count,
    337                                    int32 flags);
    338   static HistogramBase* FactoryTimeGet(const std::string& name,
    339                                        base::TimeDelta minimum,
    340                                        base::TimeDelta maximum,
    341                                        size_t bucket_count,
    342                                        int32 flags);
    343 
    344   static void InitializeBucketRanges(Sample minimum,
    345                                      Sample maximum,
    346                                      BucketRanges* ranges);
    347 
    348   // This constant if for FindCorruption. Since snapshots of histograms are
    349   // taken asynchronously relative to sampling, and our counting code currently
    350   // does not prevent race conditions, it is pretty likely that we'll catch a
    351   // redundant count that doesn't match the sample count.  We allow for a
    352   // certain amount of slop before flagging this as an inconsistency. Even with
    353   // an inconsistency, we'll snapshot it again (for UMA in about a half hour),
    354   // so we'll eventually get the data, if it was not the result of a corruption.
    355   static const int kCommonRaceBasedCountMismatch;
    356 
    357   // Check to see if bucket ranges, counts and tallies in the snapshot are
    358   // consistent with the bucket ranges and checksums in our histogram.  This can
    359   // produce a false-alarm if a race occurred in the reading of the data during
    360   // a SnapShot process, but should otherwise be false at all times (unless we
    361   // have memory over-writes, or DRAM failures).
    362   virtual int FindCorruption(const HistogramSamples& samples) const OVERRIDE;
    363 
    364   //----------------------------------------------------------------------------
    365   // Accessors for factory construction, serialization and testing.
    366   //----------------------------------------------------------------------------
    367   Sample declared_min() const { return declared_min_; }
    368   Sample declared_max() const { return declared_max_; }
    369   virtual Sample ranges(size_t i) const;
    370   virtual size_t bucket_count() const;
    371   const BucketRanges* bucket_ranges() const { return bucket_ranges_; }
    372 
    373   // This function validates histogram construction arguments. It returns false
    374   // if some of the arguments are totally bad.
    375   // Note. Currently it allow some bad input, e.g. 0 as minimum, but silently
    376   // converts it to good input: 1.
    377   // TODO(kaiwang): Be more restrict and return false for any bad input, and
    378   // make this a readonly validating function.
    379   static bool InspectConstructionArguments(const std::string& name,
    380                                            Sample* minimum,
    381                                            Sample* maximum,
    382                                            size_t* bucket_count);
    383 
    384   // HistogramBase implementation:
    385   virtual HistogramType GetHistogramType() const OVERRIDE;
    386   virtual bool HasConstructionArguments(
    387       Sample expected_minimum,
    388       Sample expected_maximum,
    389       size_t expected_bucket_count) const OVERRIDE;
    390   virtual void Add(Sample value) OVERRIDE;
    391   virtual scoped_ptr<HistogramSamples> SnapshotSamples() const OVERRIDE;
    392   virtual void AddSamples(const HistogramSamples& samples) OVERRIDE;
    393   virtual bool AddSamplesFromPickle(PickleIterator* iter) OVERRIDE;
    394   virtual void WriteHTMLGraph(std::string* output) const OVERRIDE;
    395   virtual void WriteAscii(std::string* output) const OVERRIDE;
    396 
    397  protected:
    398   // |ranges| should contain the underflow and overflow buckets. See top
    399   // comments for example.
    400   Histogram(const std::string& name,
    401             Sample minimum,
    402             Sample maximum,
    403             const BucketRanges* ranges);
    404 
    405   virtual ~Histogram();
    406 
    407   // HistogramBase implementation:
    408   virtual bool SerializeInfoImpl(Pickle* pickle) const OVERRIDE;
    409 
    410   // Method to override to skip the display of the i'th bucket if it's empty.
    411   virtual bool PrintEmptyBucket(size_t index) const;
    412 
    413   // Get normalized size, relative to the ranges(i).
    414   virtual double GetBucketSize(Count current, size_t i) const;
    415 
    416   // Return a string description of what goes in a given bucket.
    417   // Most commonly this is the numeric value, but in derived classes it may
    418   // be a name (or string description) given to the bucket.
    419   virtual const std::string GetAsciiBucketRange(size_t it) const;
    420 
    421  private:
    422   // Allow tests to corrupt our innards for testing purposes.
    423   FRIEND_TEST_ALL_PREFIXES(HistogramTest, BoundsTest);
    424   FRIEND_TEST_ALL_PREFIXES(HistogramTest, BucketPlacementTest);
    425   FRIEND_TEST_ALL_PREFIXES(HistogramTest, CorruptBucketBounds);
    426   FRIEND_TEST_ALL_PREFIXES(HistogramTest, CorruptSampleCounts);
    427   FRIEND_TEST_ALL_PREFIXES(HistogramTest, NameMatchTest);
    428 
    429   friend class StatisticsRecorder;  // To allow it to delete duplicates.
    430   friend class StatisticsRecorderTest;
    431 
    432   friend BASE_EXPORT_PRIVATE HistogramBase* DeserializeHistogramInfo(
    433       PickleIterator* iter);
    434   static HistogramBase* DeserializeInfoImpl(PickleIterator* iter);
    435 
    436   // Implementation of SnapshotSamples function.
    437   scoped_ptr<SampleVector> SnapshotSampleVector() const;
    438 
    439   //----------------------------------------------------------------------------
    440   // Helpers for emitting Ascii graphic.  Each method appends data to output.
    441 
    442   void WriteAsciiImpl(bool graph_it,
    443                       const std::string& newline,
    444                       std::string* output) const;
    445 
    446   // Find out how large (graphically) the largest bucket will appear to be.
    447   double GetPeakBucketSize(const SampleVector& samples) const;
    448 
    449   // Write a common header message describing this histogram.
    450   void WriteAsciiHeader(const SampleVector& samples,
    451                         Count sample_count,
    452                         std::string* output) const;
    453 
    454   // Write information about previous, current, and next buckets.
    455   // Information such as cumulative percentage, etc.
    456   void WriteAsciiBucketContext(const int64 past, const Count current,
    457                                const int64 remaining, const size_t i,
    458                                std::string* output) const;
    459 
    460   // WriteJSON calls these.
    461   virtual void GetParameters(DictionaryValue* params) const OVERRIDE;
    462 
    463   virtual void GetCountAndBucketData(Count* count,
    464                                      int64* sum,
    465                                      ListValue* buckets) const OVERRIDE;
    466 
    467   // Does not own this object. Should get from StatisticsRecorder.
    468   const BucketRanges* bucket_ranges_;
    469 
    470   Sample declared_min_;  // Less than this goes into the first bucket.
    471   Sample declared_max_;  // Over this goes into the last bucket.
    472 
    473   // Finally, provide the state that changes with the addition of each new
    474   // sample.
    475   scoped_ptr<SampleVector> samples_;
    476 
    477   DISALLOW_COPY_AND_ASSIGN(Histogram);
    478 };
    479 
    480 //------------------------------------------------------------------------------
    481 
    482 // LinearHistogram is a more traditional histogram, with evenly spaced
    483 // buckets.
    484 class BASE_EXPORT LinearHistogram : public Histogram {
    485  public:
    486   virtual ~LinearHistogram();
    487 
    488   /* minimum should start from 1. 0 is as minimum is invalid. 0 is an implicit
    489      default underflow bucket. */
    490   static HistogramBase* FactoryGet(const std::string& name,
    491                                    Sample minimum,
    492                                    Sample maximum,
    493                                    size_t bucket_count,
    494                                    int32 flags);
    495   static HistogramBase* FactoryTimeGet(const std::string& name,
    496                                        TimeDelta minimum,
    497                                        TimeDelta maximum,
    498                                        size_t bucket_count,
    499                                        int32 flags);
    500 
    501   struct DescriptionPair {
    502     Sample sample;
    503     const char* description;  // Null means end of a list of pairs.
    504   };
    505 
    506   // Create a LinearHistogram and store a list of number/text values for use in
    507   // writing the histogram graph.
    508   // |descriptions| can be NULL, which means no special descriptions to set. If
    509   // it's not NULL, the last element in the array must has a NULL in its
    510   // "description" field.
    511   static HistogramBase* FactoryGetWithRangeDescription(
    512       const std::string& name,
    513       Sample minimum,
    514       Sample maximum,
    515       size_t bucket_count,
    516       int32 flags,
    517       const DescriptionPair descriptions[]);
    518 
    519   static void InitializeBucketRanges(Sample minimum,
    520                                      Sample maximum,
    521                                      BucketRanges* ranges);
    522 
    523   // Overridden from Histogram:
    524   virtual HistogramType GetHistogramType() const OVERRIDE;
    525 
    526  protected:
    527   LinearHistogram(const std::string& name,
    528                   Sample minimum,
    529                   Sample maximum,
    530                   const BucketRanges* ranges);
    531 
    532   virtual double GetBucketSize(Count current, size_t i) const OVERRIDE;
    533 
    534   // If we have a description for a bucket, then return that.  Otherwise
    535   // let parent class provide a (numeric) description.
    536   virtual const std::string GetAsciiBucketRange(size_t i) const OVERRIDE;
    537 
    538   // Skip printing of name for numeric range if we have a name (and if this is
    539   // an empty bucket).
    540   virtual bool PrintEmptyBucket(size_t index) const OVERRIDE;
    541 
    542  private:
    543   friend BASE_EXPORT_PRIVATE HistogramBase* DeserializeHistogramInfo(
    544       PickleIterator* iter);
    545   static HistogramBase* DeserializeInfoImpl(PickleIterator* iter);
    546 
    547   // For some ranges, we store a printable description of a bucket range.
    548   // If there is no description, then GetAsciiBucketRange() uses parent class
    549   // to provide a description.
    550   typedef std::map<Sample, std::string> BucketDescriptionMap;
    551   BucketDescriptionMap bucket_description_;
    552 
    553   DISALLOW_COPY_AND_ASSIGN(LinearHistogram);
    554 };
    555 
    556 //------------------------------------------------------------------------------
    557 
    558 // BooleanHistogram is a histogram for booleans.
    559 class BASE_EXPORT BooleanHistogram : public LinearHistogram {
    560  public:
    561   static HistogramBase* FactoryGet(const std::string& name, int32 flags);
    562 
    563   virtual HistogramType GetHistogramType() const OVERRIDE;
    564 
    565  private:
    566   BooleanHistogram(const std::string& name, const BucketRanges* ranges);
    567 
    568   friend BASE_EXPORT_PRIVATE HistogramBase* DeserializeHistogramInfo(
    569       PickleIterator* iter);
    570   static HistogramBase* DeserializeInfoImpl(PickleIterator* iter);
    571 
    572   DISALLOW_COPY_AND_ASSIGN(BooleanHistogram);
    573 };
    574 
    575 //------------------------------------------------------------------------------
    576 
    577 // CustomHistogram is a histogram for a set of custom integers.
    578 class BASE_EXPORT CustomHistogram : public Histogram {
    579  public:
    580   // |custom_ranges| contains a vector of limits on ranges. Each limit should be
    581   // > 0 and < kSampleType_MAX. (Currently 0 is still accepted for backward
    582   // compatibility). The limits can be unordered or contain duplication, but
    583   // client should not depend on this.
    584   static HistogramBase* FactoryGet(const std::string& name,
    585                                    const std::vector<Sample>& custom_ranges,
    586                                    int32 flags);
    587 
    588   // Overridden from Histogram:
    589   virtual HistogramType GetHistogramType() const OVERRIDE;
    590 
    591   // Helper method for transforming an array of valid enumeration values
    592   // to the std::vector<int> expected by UMA_HISTOGRAM_CUSTOM_ENUMERATION.
    593   // This function ensures that a guard bucket exists right after any
    594   // valid sample value (unless the next higher sample is also a valid value),
    595   // so that invalid samples never fall into the same bucket as valid samples.
    596   // TODO(kaiwang): Change name to ArrayToCustomEnumRanges.
    597   static std::vector<Sample> ArrayToCustomRanges(const Sample* values,
    598                                                  size_t num_values);
    599  protected:
    600   CustomHistogram(const std::string& name,
    601                   const BucketRanges* ranges);
    602 
    603   // HistogramBase implementation:
    604   virtual bool SerializeInfoImpl(Pickle* pickle) const OVERRIDE;
    605 
    606   virtual double GetBucketSize(Count current, size_t i) const OVERRIDE;
    607 
    608  private:
    609   friend BASE_EXPORT_PRIVATE HistogramBase* DeserializeHistogramInfo(
    610       PickleIterator* iter);
    611   static HistogramBase* DeserializeInfoImpl(PickleIterator* iter);
    612 
    613   static bool ValidateCustomRanges(const std::vector<Sample>& custom_ranges);
    614   static BucketRanges* CreateBucketRangesFromCustomRanges(
    615       const std::vector<Sample>& custom_ranges);
    616 
    617   DISALLOW_COPY_AND_ASSIGN(CustomHistogram);
    618 };
    619 
    620 }  // namespace base
    621 
    622 #endif  // BASE_METRICS_HISTOGRAM_H_
    623