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      1 //===- PHITransAddr.cpp - PHI Translation for Addresses -------------------===//
      2 //
      3 //                     The LLVM Compiler Infrastructure
      4 //
      5 // This file is distributed under the University of Illinois Open Source
      6 // License. See LICENSE.TXT for details.
      7 //
      8 //===----------------------------------------------------------------------===//
      9 //
     10 // This file implements the PHITransAddr class.
     11 //
     12 //===----------------------------------------------------------------------===//
     13 
     14 #include "llvm/Analysis/PHITransAddr.h"
     15 #include "llvm/Analysis/InstructionSimplify.h"
     16 #include "llvm/Analysis/ValueTracking.h"
     17 #include "llvm/IR/Constants.h"
     18 #include "llvm/IR/Dominators.h"
     19 #include "llvm/IR/Instructions.h"
     20 #include "llvm/Support/Debug.h"
     21 #include "llvm/Support/ErrorHandling.h"
     22 #include "llvm/Support/raw_ostream.h"
     23 using namespace llvm;
     24 
     25 static bool CanPHITrans(Instruction *Inst) {
     26   if (isa<PHINode>(Inst) ||
     27       isa<GetElementPtrInst>(Inst))
     28     return true;
     29 
     30   if (isa<CastInst>(Inst) &&
     31       isSafeToSpeculativelyExecute(Inst))
     32     return true;
     33 
     34   if (Inst->getOpcode() == Instruction::Add &&
     35       isa<ConstantInt>(Inst->getOperand(1)))
     36     return true;
     37 
     38   //   cerr << "MEMDEP: Could not PHI translate: " << *Pointer;
     39   //   if (isa<BitCastInst>(PtrInst) || isa<GetElementPtrInst>(PtrInst))
     40   //     cerr << "OP:\t\t\t\t" << *PtrInst->getOperand(0);
     41   return false;
     42 }
     43 
     44 #if !defined(NDEBUG) || defined(LLVM_ENABLE_DUMP)
     45 void PHITransAddr::dump() const {
     46   if (!Addr) {
     47     dbgs() << "PHITransAddr: null\n";
     48     return;
     49   }
     50   dbgs() << "PHITransAddr: " << *Addr << "\n";
     51   for (unsigned i = 0, e = InstInputs.size(); i != e; ++i)
     52     dbgs() << "  Input #" << i << " is " << *InstInputs[i] << "\n";
     53 }
     54 #endif
     55 
     56 
     57 static bool VerifySubExpr(Value *Expr,
     58                           SmallVectorImpl<Instruction*> &InstInputs) {
     59   // If this is a non-instruction value, there is nothing to do.
     60   Instruction *I = dyn_cast<Instruction>(Expr);
     61   if (!I) return true;
     62 
     63   // If it's an instruction, it is either in Tmp or its operands recursively
     64   // are.
     65   SmallVectorImpl<Instruction*>::iterator Entry =
     66     std::find(InstInputs.begin(), InstInputs.end(), I);
     67   if (Entry != InstInputs.end()) {
     68     InstInputs.erase(Entry);
     69     return true;
     70   }
     71 
     72   // If it isn't in the InstInputs list it is a subexpr incorporated into the
     73   // address.  Sanity check that it is phi translatable.
     74   if (!CanPHITrans(I)) {
     75     errs() << "Instruction in PHITransAddr is not phi-translatable:\n";
     76     errs() << *I << '\n';
     77     llvm_unreachable("Either something is missing from InstInputs or "
     78                      "CanPHITrans is wrong.");
     79   }
     80 
     81   // Validate the operands of the instruction.
     82   for (unsigned i = 0, e = I->getNumOperands(); i != e; ++i)
     83     if (!VerifySubExpr(I->getOperand(i), InstInputs))
     84       return false;
     85 
     86   return true;
     87 }
     88 
     89 /// Verify - Check internal consistency of this data structure.  If the
     90 /// structure is valid, it returns true.  If invalid, it prints errors and
     91 /// returns false.
     92 bool PHITransAddr::Verify() const {
     93   if (!Addr) return true;
     94 
     95   SmallVector<Instruction*, 8> Tmp(InstInputs.begin(), InstInputs.end());
     96 
     97   if (!VerifySubExpr(Addr, Tmp))
     98     return false;
     99 
    100   if (!Tmp.empty()) {
    101     errs() << "PHITransAddr contains extra instructions:\n";
    102     for (unsigned i = 0, e = InstInputs.size(); i != e; ++i)
    103       errs() << "  InstInput #" << i << " is " << *InstInputs[i] << "\n";
    104     llvm_unreachable("This is unexpected.");
    105   }
    106 
    107   // a-ok.
    108   return true;
    109 }
    110 
    111 
    112 /// IsPotentiallyPHITranslatable - If this needs PHI translation, return true
    113 /// if we have some hope of doing it.  This should be used as a filter to
    114 /// avoid calling PHITranslateValue in hopeless situations.
    115 bool PHITransAddr::IsPotentiallyPHITranslatable() const {
    116   // If the input value is not an instruction, or if it is not defined in CurBB,
    117   // then we don't need to phi translate it.
    118   Instruction *Inst = dyn_cast<Instruction>(Addr);
    119   return !Inst || CanPHITrans(Inst);
    120 }
    121 
    122 
    123 static void RemoveInstInputs(Value *V,
    124                              SmallVectorImpl<Instruction*> &InstInputs) {
    125   Instruction *I = dyn_cast<Instruction>(V);
    126   if (!I) return;
    127 
    128   // If the instruction is in the InstInputs list, remove it.
    129   SmallVectorImpl<Instruction*>::iterator Entry =
    130     std::find(InstInputs.begin(), InstInputs.end(), I);
    131   if (Entry != InstInputs.end()) {
    132     InstInputs.erase(Entry);
    133     return;
    134   }
    135 
    136   assert(!isa<PHINode>(I) && "Error, removing something that isn't an input");
    137 
    138   // Otherwise, it must have instruction inputs itself.  Zap them recursively.
    139   for (unsigned i = 0, e = I->getNumOperands(); i != e; ++i) {
    140     if (Instruction *Op = dyn_cast<Instruction>(I->getOperand(i)))
    141       RemoveInstInputs(Op, InstInputs);
    142   }
    143 }
    144 
    145 Value *PHITransAddr::PHITranslateSubExpr(Value *V, BasicBlock *CurBB,
    146                                          BasicBlock *PredBB,
    147                                          const DominatorTree *DT) {
    148   // If this is a non-instruction value, it can't require PHI translation.
    149   Instruction *Inst = dyn_cast<Instruction>(V);
    150   if (!Inst) return V;
    151 
    152   // Determine whether 'Inst' is an input to our PHI translatable expression.
    153   bool isInput = std::count(InstInputs.begin(), InstInputs.end(), Inst);
    154 
    155   // Handle inputs instructions if needed.
    156   if (isInput) {
    157     if (Inst->getParent() != CurBB) {
    158       // If it is an input defined in a different block, then it remains an
    159       // input.
    160       return Inst;
    161     }
    162 
    163     // If 'Inst' is defined in this block and is an input that needs to be phi
    164     // translated, we need to incorporate the value into the expression or fail.
    165 
    166     // In either case, the instruction itself isn't an input any longer.
    167     InstInputs.erase(std::find(InstInputs.begin(), InstInputs.end(), Inst));
    168 
    169     // If this is a PHI, go ahead and translate it.
    170     if (PHINode *PN = dyn_cast<PHINode>(Inst))
    171       return AddAsInput(PN->getIncomingValueForBlock(PredBB));
    172 
    173     // If this is a non-phi value, and it is analyzable, we can incorporate it
    174     // into the expression by making all instruction operands be inputs.
    175     if (!CanPHITrans(Inst))
    176       return nullptr;
    177 
    178     // All instruction operands are now inputs (and of course, they may also be
    179     // defined in this block, so they may need to be phi translated themselves.
    180     for (unsigned i = 0, e = Inst->getNumOperands(); i != e; ++i)
    181       if (Instruction *Op = dyn_cast<Instruction>(Inst->getOperand(i)))
    182         InstInputs.push_back(Op);
    183   }
    184 
    185   // Ok, it must be an intermediate result (either because it started that way
    186   // or because we just incorporated it into the expression).  See if its
    187   // operands need to be phi translated, and if so, reconstruct it.
    188 
    189   if (CastInst *Cast = dyn_cast<CastInst>(Inst)) {
    190     if (!isSafeToSpeculativelyExecute(Cast)) return nullptr;
    191     Value *PHIIn = PHITranslateSubExpr(Cast->getOperand(0), CurBB, PredBB, DT);
    192     if (!PHIIn) return nullptr;
    193     if (PHIIn == Cast->getOperand(0))
    194       return Cast;
    195 
    196     // Find an available version of this cast.
    197 
    198     // Constants are trivial to find.
    199     if (Constant *C = dyn_cast<Constant>(PHIIn))
    200       return AddAsInput(ConstantExpr::getCast(Cast->getOpcode(),
    201                                               C, Cast->getType()));
    202 
    203     // Otherwise we have to see if a casted version of the incoming pointer
    204     // is available.  If so, we can use it, otherwise we have to fail.
    205     for (User *U : PHIIn->users()) {
    206       if (CastInst *CastI = dyn_cast<CastInst>(U))
    207         if (CastI->getOpcode() == Cast->getOpcode() &&
    208             CastI->getType() == Cast->getType() &&
    209             (!DT || DT->dominates(CastI->getParent(), PredBB)))
    210           return CastI;
    211     }
    212     return nullptr;
    213   }
    214 
    215   // Handle getelementptr with at least one PHI translatable operand.
    216   if (GetElementPtrInst *GEP = dyn_cast<GetElementPtrInst>(Inst)) {
    217     SmallVector<Value*, 8> GEPOps;
    218     bool AnyChanged = false;
    219     for (unsigned i = 0, e = GEP->getNumOperands(); i != e; ++i) {
    220       Value *GEPOp = PHITranslateSubExpr(GEP->getOperand(i), CurBB, PredBB, DT);
    221       if (!GEPOp) return nullptr;
    222 
    223       AnyChanged |= GEPOp != GEP->getOperand(i);
    224       GEPOps.push_back(GEPOp);
    225     }
    226 
    227     if (!AnyChanged)
    228       return GEP;
    229 
    230     // Simplify the GEP to handle 'gep x, 0' -> x etc.
    231     if (Value *V = SimplifyGEPInst(GEPOps, DL, TLI, DT)) {
    232       for (unsigned i = 0, e = GEPOps.size(); i != e; ++i)
    233         RemoveInstInputs(GEPOps[i], InstInputs);
    234 
    235       return AddAsInput(V);
    236     }
    237 
    238     // Scan to see if we have this GEP available.
    239     Value *APHIOp = GEPOps[0];
    240     for (User *U : APHIOp->users()) {
    241       if (GetElementPtrInst *GEPI = dyn_cast<GetElementPtrInst>(U))
    242         if (GEPI->getType() == GEP->getType() &&
    243             GEPI->getNumOperands() == GEPOps.size() &&
    244             GEPI->getParent()->getParent() == CurBB->getParent() &&
    245             (!DT || DT->dominates(GEPI->getParent(), PredBB))) {
    246           bool Mismatch = false;
    247           for (unsigned i = 0, e = GEPOps.size(); i != e; ++i)
    248             if (GEPI->getOperand(i) != GEPOps[i]) {
    249               Mismatch = true;
    250               break;
    251             }
    252           if (!Mismatch)
    253             return GEPI;
    254         }
    255     }
    256     return nullptr;
    257   }
    258 
    259   // Handle add with a constant RHS.
    260   if (Inst->getOpcode() == Instruction::Add &&
    261       isa<ConstantInt>(Inst->getOperand(1))) {
    262     // PHI translate the LHS.
    263     Constant *RHS = cast<ConstantInt>(Inst->getOperand(1));
    264     bool isNSW = cast<BinaryOperator>(Inst)->hasNoSignedWrap();
    265     bool isNUW = cast<BinaryOperator>(Inst)->hasNoUnsignedWrap();
    266 
    267     Value *LHS = PHITranslateSubExpr(Inst->getOperand(0), CurBB, PredBB, DT);
    268     if (!LHS) return nullptr;
    269 
    270     // If the PHI translated LHS is an add of a constant, fold the immediates.
    271     if (BinaryOperator *BOp = dyn_cast<BinaryOperator>(LHS))
    272       if (BOp->getOpcode() == Instruction::Add)
    273         if (ConstantInt *CI = dyn_cast<ConstantInt>(BOp->getOperand(1))) {
    274           LHS = BOp->getOperand(0);
    275           RHS = ConstantExpr::getAdd(RHS, CI);
    276           isNSW = isNUW = false;
    277 
    278           // If the old 'LHS' was an input, add the new 'LHS' as an input.
    279           if (std::count(InstInputs.begin(), InstInputs.end(), BOp)) {
    280             RemoveInstInputs(BOp, InstInputs);
    281             AddAsInput(LHS);
    282           }
    283         }
    284 
    285     // See if the add simplifies away.
    286     if (Value *Res = SimplifyAddInst(LHS, RHS, isNSW, isNUW, DL, TLI, DT)) {
    287       // If we simplified the operands, the LHS is no longer an input, but Res
    288       // is.
    289       RemoveInstInputs(LHS, InstInputs);
    290       return AddAsInput(Res);
    291     }
    292 
    293     // If we didn't modify the add, just return it.
    294     if (LHS == Inst->getOperand(0) && RHS == Inst->getOperand(1))
    295       return Inst;
    296 
    297     // Otherwise, see if we have this add available somewhere.
    298     for (User *U : LHS->users()) {
    299       if (BinaryOperator *BO = dyn_cast<BinaryOperator>(U))
    300         if (BO->getOpcode() == Instruction::Add &&
    301             BO->getOperand(0) == LHS && BO->getOperand(1) == RHS &&
    302             BO->getParent()->getParent() == CurBB->getParent() &&
    303             (!DT || DT->dominates(BO->getParent(), PredBB)))
    304           return BO;
    305     }
    306 
    307     return nullptr;
    308   }
    309 
    310   // Otherwise, we failed.
    311   return nullptr;
    312 }
    313 
    314 
    315 /// PHITranslateValue - PHI translate the current address up the CFG from
    316 /// CurBB to Pred, updating our state to reflect any needed changes.  If the
    317 /// dominator tree DT is non-null, the translated value must dominate
    318 /// PredBB.  This returns true on failure and sets Addr to null.
    319 bool PHITransAddr::PHITranslateValue(BasicBlock *CurBB, BasicBlock *PredBB,
    320                                      const DominatorTree *DT) {
    321   assert(Verify() && "Invalid PHITransAddr!");
    322   Addr = PHITranslateSubExpr(Addr, CurBB, PredBB, DT);
    323   assert(Verify() && "Invalid PHITransAddr!");
    324 
    325   if (DT) {
    326     // Make sure the value is live in the predecessor.
    327     if (Instruction *Inst = dyn_cast_or_null<Instruction>(Addr))
    328       if (!DT->dominates(Inst->getParent(), PredBB))
    329         Addr = nullptr;
    330   }
    331 
    332   return Addr == nullptr;
    333 }
    334 
    335 /// PHITranslateWithInsertion - PHI translate this value into the specified
    336 /// predecessor block, inserting a computation of the value if it is
    337 /// unavailable.
    338 ///
    339 /// All newly created instructions are added to the NewInsts list.  This
    340 /// returns null on failure.
    341 ///
    342 Value *PHITransAddr::
    343 PHITranslateWithInsertion(BasicBlock *CurBB, BasicBlock *PredBB,
    344                           const DominatorTree &DT,
    345                           SmallVectorImpl<Instruction*> &NewInsts) {
    346   unsigned NISize = NewInsts.size();
    347 
    348   // Attempt to PHI translate with insertion.
    349   Addr = InsertPHITranslatedSubExpr(Addr, CurBB, PredBB, DT, NewInsts);
    350 
    351   // If successful, return the new value.
    352   if (Addr) return Addr;
    353 
    354   // If not, destroy any intermediate instructions inserted.
    355   while (NewInsts.size() != NISize)
    356     NewInsts.pop_back_val()->eraseFromParent();
    357   return nullptr;
    358 }
    359 
    360 
    361 /// InsertPHITranslatedPointer - Insert a computation of the PHI translated
    362 /// version of 'V' for the edge PredBB->CurBB into the end of the PredBB
    363 /// block.  All newly created instructions are added to the NewInsts list.
    364 /// This returns null on failure.
    365 ///
    366 Value *PHITransAddr::
    367 InsertPHITranslatedSubExpr(Value *InVal, BasicBlock *CurBB,
    368                            BasicBlock *PredBB, const DominatorTree &DT,
    369                            SmallVectorImpl<Instruction*> &NewInsts) {
    370   // See if we have a version of this value already available and dominating
    371   // PredBB.  If so, there is no need to insert a new instance of it.
    372   PHITransAddr Tmp(InVal, DL);
    373   if (!Tmp.PHITranslateValue(CurBB, PredBB, &DT))
    374     return Tmp.getAddr();
    375 
    376   // If we don't have an available version of this value, it must be an
    377   // instruction.
    378   Instruction *Inst = cast<Instruction>(InVal);
    379 
    380   // Handle cast of PHI translatable value.
    381   if (CastInst *Cast = dyn_cast<CastInst>(Inst)) {
    382     if (!isSafeToSpeculativelyExecute(Cast)) return nullptr;
    383     Value *OpVal = InsertPHITranslatedSubExpr(Cast->getOperand(0),
    384                                               CurBB, PredBB, DT, NewInsts);
    385     if (!OpVal) return nullptr;
    386 
    387     // Otherwise insert a cast at the end of PredBB.
    388     CastInst *New = CastInst::Create(Cast->getOpcode(),
    389                                      OpVal, InVal->getType(),
    390                                      InVal->getName()+".phi.trans.insert",
    391                                      PredBB->getTerminator());
    392     NewInsts.push_back(New);
    393     return New;
    394   }
    395 
    396   // Handle getelementptr with at least one PHI operand.
    397   if (GetElementPtrInst *GEP = dyn_cast<GetElementPtrInst>(Inst)) {
    398     SmallVector<Value*, 8> GEPOps;
    399     BasicBlock *CurBB = GEP->getParent();
    400     for (unsigned i = 0, e = GEP->getNumOperands(); i != e; ++i) {
    401       Value *OpVal = InsertPHITranslatedSubExpr(GEP->getOperand(i),
    402                                                 CurBB, PredBB, DT, NewInsts);
    403       if (!OpVal) return nullptr;
    404       GEPOps.push_back(OpVal);
    405     }
    406 
    407     GetElementPtrInst *Result =
    408       GetElementPtrInst::Create(GEPOps[0], makeArrayRef(GEPOps).slice(1),
    409                                 InVal->getName()+".phi.trans.insert",
    410                                 PredBB->getTerminator());
    411     Result->setIsInBounds(GEP->isInBounds());
    412     NewInsts.push_back(Result);
    413     return Result;
    414   }
    415 
    416 #if 0
    417   // FIXME: This code works, but it is unclear that we actually want to insert
    418   // a big chain of computation in order to make a value available in a block.
    419   // This needs to be evaluated carefully to consider its cost trade offs.
    420 
    421   // Handle add with a constant RHS.
    422   if (Inst->getOpcode() == Instruction::Add &&
    423       isa<ConstantInt>(Inst->getOperand(1))) {
    424     // PHI translate the LHS.
    425     Value *OpVal = InsertPHITranslatedSubExpr(Inst->getOperand(0),
    426                                               CurBB, PredBB, DT, NewInsts);
    427     if (OpVal == 0) return 0;
    428 
    429     BinaryOperator *Res = BinaryOperator::CreateAdd(OpVal, Inst->getOperand(1),
    430                                            InVal->getName()+".phi.trans.insert",
    431                                                     PredBB->getTerminator());
    432     Res->setHasNoSignedWrap(cast<BinaryOperator>(Inst)->hasNoSignedWrap());
    433     Res->setHasNoUnsignedWrap(cast<BinaryOperator>(Inst)->hasNoUnsignedWrap());
    434     NewInsts.push_back(Res);
    435     return Res;
    436   }
    437 #endif
    438 
    439   return nullptr;
    440 }
    441