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      1 //===--- raw_ostream.h - Raw output stream ----------------------*- C++ -*-===//
      2 //
      3 //                     The LLVM Compiler Infrastructure
      4 //
      5 // This file is distributed under the University of Illinois Open Source
      6 // License. See LICENSE.TXT for details.
      7 //
      8 //===----------------------------------------------------------------------===//
      9 //
     10 //  This file defines the raw_ostream class.
     11 //
     12 //===----------------------------------------------------------------------===//
     13 
     14 #ifndef LLVM_SUPPORT_RAW_OSTREAM_H
     15 #define LLVM_SUPPORT_RAW_OSTREAM_H
     16 
     17 #include "llvm/ADT/StringRef.h"
     18 #include "llvm/Support/Compiler.h"
     19 #include "llvm/Support/DataTypes.h"
     20 
     21 namespace llvm {
     22   class format_object_base;
     23   template <typename T>
     24   class SmallVectorImpl;
     25 
     26   namespace sys {
     27     namespace fs {
     28       enum OpenFlags : unsigned;
     29     }
     30   }
     31 
     32 /// raw_ostream - This class implements an extremely fast bulk output stream
     33 /// that can *only* output to a stream.  It does not support seeking, reopening,
     34 /// rewinding, line buffered disciplines etc. It is a simple buffer that outputs
     35 /// a chunk at a time.
     36 class raw_ostream {
     37 private:
     38   void operator=(const raw_ostream &) LLVM_DELETED_FUNCTION;
     39   raw_ostream(const raw_ostream &) LLVM_DELETED_FUNCTION;
     40 
     41   /// The buffer is handled in such a way that the buffer is
     42   /// uninitialized, unbuffered, or out of space when OutBufCur >=
     43   /// OutBufEnd. Thus a single comparison suffices to determine if we
     44   /// need to take the slow path to write a single character.
     45   ///
     46   /// The buffer is in one of three states:
     47   ///  1. Unbuffered (BufferMode == Unbuffered)
     48   ///  1. Uninitialized (BufferMode != Unbuffered && OutBufStart == 0).
     49   ///  2. Buffered (BufferMode != Unbuffered && OutBufStart != 0 &&
     50   ///               OutBufEnd - OutBufStart >= 1).
     51   ///
     52   /// If buffered, then the raw_ostream owns the buffer if (BufferMode ==
     53   /// InternalBuffer); otherwise the buffer has been set via SetBuffer and is
     54   /// managed by the subclass.
     55   ///
     56   /// If a subclass installs an external buffer using SetBuffer then it can wait
     57   /// for a \see write_impl() call to handle the data which has been put into
     58   /// this buffer.
     59   char *OutBufStart, *OutBufEnd, *OutBufCur;
     60 
     61   enum BufferKind {
     62     Unbuffered = 0,
     63     InternalBuffer,
     64     ExternalBuffer
     65   } BufferMode;
     66 
     67 public:
     68   // color order matches ANSI escape sequence, don't change
     69   enum Colors {
     70     BLACK=0,
     71     RED,
     72     GREEN,
     73     YELLOW,
     74     BLUE,
     75     MAGENTA,
     76     CYAN,
     77     WHITE,
     78     SAVEDCOLOR
     79   };
     80 
     81   explicit raw_ostream(bool unbuffered=false)
     82     : BufferMode(unbuffered ? Unbuffered : InternalBuffer) {
     83     // Start out ready to flush.
     84     OutBufStart = OutBufEnd = OutBufCur = nullptr;
     85   }
     86 
     87   virtual ~raw_ostream();
     88 
     89   /// tell - Return the current offset with the file.
     90   uint64_t tell() const { return current_pos() + GetNumBytesInBuffer(); }
     91 
     92   //===--------------------------------------------------------------------===//
     93   // Configuration Interface
     94   //===--------------------------------------------------------------------===//
     95 
     96   /// SetBuffered - Set the stream to be buffered, with an automatically
     97   /// determined buffer size.
     98   void SetBuffered();
     99 
    100   /// SetBufferSize - Set the stream to be buffered, using the
    101   /// specified buffer size.
    102   void SetBufferSize(size_t Size) {
    103     flush();
    104     SetBufferAndMode(new char[Size], Size, InternalBuffer);
    105   }
    106 
    107   size_t GetBufferSize() const {
    108     // If we're supposed to be buffered but haven't actually gotten around
    109     // to allocating the buffer yet, return the value that would be used.
    110     if (BufferMode != Unbuffered && OutBufStart == nullptr)
    111       return preferred_buffer_size();
    112 
    113     // Otherwise just return the size of the allocated buffer.
    114     return OutBufEnd - OutBufStart;
    115   }
    116 
    117   /// SetUnbuffered - Set the stream to be unbuffered. When
    118   /// unbuffered, the stream will flush after every write. This routine
    119   /// will also flush the buffer immediately when the stream is being
    120   /// set to unbuffered.
    121   void SetUnbuffered() {
    122     flush();
    123     SetBufferAndMode(nullptr, 0, Unbuffered);
    124   }
    125 
    126   size_t GetNumBytesInBuffer() const {
    127     return OutBufCur - OutBufStart;
    128   }
    129 
    130   //===--------------------------------------------------------------------===//
    131   // Data Output Interface
    132   //===--------------------------------------------------------------------===//
    133 
    134   void flush() {
    135     if (OutBufCur != OutBufStart)
    136       flush_nonempty();
    137   }
    138 
    139   raw_ostream &operator<<(char C) {
    140     if (OutBufCur >= OutBufEnd)
    141       return write(C);
    142     *OutBufCur++ = C;
    143     return *this;
    144   }
    145 
    146   raw_ostream &operator<<(unsigned char C) {
    147     if (OutBufCur >= OutBufEnd)
    148       return write(C);
    149     *OutBufCur++ = C;
    150     return *this;
    151   }
    152 
    153   raw_ostream &operator<<(signed char C) {
    154     if (OutBufCur >= OutBufEnd)
    155       return write(C);
    156     *OutBufCur++ = C;
    157     return *this;
    158   }
    159 
    160   raw_ostream &operator<<(StringRef Str) {
    161     // Inline fast path, particularly for strings with a known length.
    162     size_t Size = Str.size();
    163 
    164     // Make sure we can use the fast path.
    165     if (Size > (size_t)(OutBufEnd - OutBufCur))
    166       return write(Str.data(), Size);
    167 
    168     memcpy(OutBufCur, Str.data(), Size);
    169     OutBufCur += Size;
    170     return *this;
    171   }
    172 
    173   raw_ostream &operator<<(const char *Str) {
    174     // Inline fast path, particularly for constant strings where a sufficiently
    175     // smart compiler will simplify strlen.
    176 
    177     return this->operator<<(StringRef(Str));
    178   }
    179 
    180   raw_ostream &operator<<(const std::string &Str) {
    181     // Avoid the fast path, it would only increase code size for a marginal win.
    182     return write(Str.data(), Str.length());
    183   }
    184 
    185   raw_ostream &operator<<(unsigned long N);
    186   raw_ostream &operator<<(long N);
    187   raw_ostream &operator<<(unsigned long long N);
    188   raw_ostream &operator<<(long long N);
    189   raw_ostream &operator<<(const void *P);
    190   raw_ostream &operator<<(unsigned int N) {
    191     return this->operator<<(static_cast<unsigned long>(N));
    192   }
    193 
    194   raw_ostream &operator<<(int N) {
    195     return this->operator<<(static_cast<long>(N));
    196   }
    197 
    198   raw_ostream &operator<<(double N);
    199 
    200   /// write_hex - Output \p N in hexadecimal, without any prefix or padding.
    201   raw_ostream &write_hex(unsigned long long N);
    202 
    203   /// write_escaped - Output \p Str, turning '\\', '\t', '\n', '"', and
    204   /// anything that doesn't satisfy std::isprint into an escape sequence.
    205   raw_ostream &write_escaped(StringRef Str, bool UseHexEscapes = false);
    206 
    207   raw_ostream &write(unsigned char C);
    208   raw_ostream &write(const char *Ptr, size_t Size);
    209 
    210   // Formatted output, see the format() function in Support/Format.h.
    211   raw_ostream &operator<<(const format_object_base &Fmt);
    212 
    213   /// indent - Insert 'NumSpaces' spaces.
    214   raw_ostream &indent(unsigned NumSpaces);
    215 
    216 
    217   /// Changes the foreground color of text that will be output from this point
    218   /// forward.
    219   /// @param Color ANSI color to use, the special SAVEDCOLOR can be used to
    220   /// change only the bold attribute, and keep colors untouched
    221   /// @param Bold bold/brighter text, default false
    222   /// @param BG if true change the background, default: change foreground
    223   /// @returns itself so it can be used within << invocations
    224   virtual raw_ostream &changeColor(enum Colors Color,
    225                                    bool Bold = false,
    226                                    bool BG = false) {
    227     (void)Color;
    228     (void)Bold;
    229     (void)BG;
    230     return *this;
    231   }
    232 
    233   /// Resets the colors to terminal defaults. Call this when you are done
    234   /// outputting colored text, or before program exit.
    235   virtual raw_ostream &resetColor() { return *this; }
    236 
    237   /// Reverses the forground and background colors.
    238   virtual raw_ostream &reverseColor() { return *this; }
    239 
    240   /// This function determines if this stream is connected to a "tty" or
    241   /// "console" window. That is, the output would be displayed to the user
    242   /// rather than being put on a pipe or stored in a file.
    243   virtual bool is_displayed() const { return false; }
    244 
    245   /// This function determines if this stream is displayed and supports colors.
    246   virtual bool has_colors() const { return is_displayed(); }
    247 
    248   //===--------------------------------------------------------------------===//
    249   // Subclass Interface
    250   //===--------------------------------------------------------------------===//
    251 
    252 private:
    253   /// write_impl - The is the piece of the class that is implemented
    254   /// by subclasses.  This writes the \p Size bytes starting at
    255   /// \p Ptr to the underlying stream.
    256   ///
    257   /// This function is guaranteed to only be called at a point at which it is
    258   /// safe for the subclass to install a new buffer via SetBuffer.
    259   ///
    260   /// \param Ptr The start of the data to be written. For buffered streams this
    261   /// is guaranteed to be the start of the buffer.
    262   ///
    263   /// \param Size The number of bytes to be written.
    264   ///
    265   /// \invariant { Size > 0 }
    266   virtual void write_impl(const char *Ptr, size_t Size) = 0;
    267 
    268   // An out of line virtual method to provide a home for the class vtable.
    269   virtual void handle();
    270 
    271   /// current_pos - Return the current position within the stream, not
    272   /// counting the bytes currently in the buffer.
    273   virtual uint64_t current_pos() const = 0;
    274 
    275 protected:
    276   /// SetBuffer - Use the provided buffer as the raw_ostream buffer. This is
    277   /// intended for use only by subclasses which can arrange for the output to go
    278   /// directly into the desired output buffer, instead of being copied on each
    279   /// flush.
    280   void SetBuffer(char *BufferStart, size_t Size) {
    281     SetBufferAndMode(BufferStart, Size, ExternalBuffer);
    282   }
    283 
    284   /// preferred_buffer_size - Return an efficient buffer size for the
    285   /// underlying output mechanism.
    286   virtual size_t preferred_buffer_size() const;
    287 
    288   /// getBufferStart - Return the beginning of the current stream buffer, or 0
    289   /// if the stream is unbuffered.
    290   const char *getBufferStart() const { return OutBufStart; }
    291 
    292   //===--------------------------------------------------------------------===//
    293   // Private Interface
    294   //===--------------------------------------------------------------------===//
    295 private:
    296   /// SetBufferAndMode - Install the given buffer and mode.
    297   void SetBufferAndMode(char *BufferStart, size_t Size, BufferKind Mode);
    298 
    299   /// flush_nonempty - Flush the current buffer, which is known to be
    300   /// non-empty. This outputs the currently buffered data and resets
    301   /// the buffer to empty.
    302   void flush_nonempty();
    303 
    304   /// copy_to_buffer - Copy data into the buffer. Size must not be
    305   /// greater than the number of unused bytes in the buffer.
    306   void copy_to_buffer(const char *Ptr, size_t Size);
    307 };
    308 
    309 //===----------------------------------------------------------------------===//
    310 // File Output Streams
    311 //===----------------------------------------------------------------------===//
    312 
    313 /// raw_fd_ostream - A raw_ostream that writes to a file descriptor.
    314 ///
    315 class raw_fd_ostream : public raw_ostream {
    316   int FD;
    317   bool ShouldClose;
    318 
    319   /// Error This flag is true if an error of any kind has been detected.
    320   ///
    321   bool Error;
    322 
    323   /// Controls whether the stream should attempt to use atomic writes, when
    324   /// possible.
    325   bool UseAtomicWrites;
    326 
    327   uint64_t pos;
    328 
    329   /// write_impl - See raw_ostream::write_impl.
    330   void write_impl(const char *Ptr, size_t Size) override;
    331 
    332   /// current_pos - Return the current position within the stream, not
    333   /// counting the bytes currently in the buffer.
    334   uint64_t current_pos() const override { return pos; }
    335 
    336   /// preferred_buffer_size - Determine an efficient buffer size.
    337   size_t preferred_buffer_size() const override;
    338 
    339   /// error_detected - Set the flag indicating that an output error has
    340   /// been encountered.
    341   void error_detected() { Error = true; }
    342 
    343 public:
    344   /// raw_fd_ostream - Open the specified file for writing. If an error occurs,
    345   /// information about the error is put into ErrorInfo, and the stream should
    346   /// be immediately destroyed; the string will be empty if no error occurred.
    347   /// This allows optional flags to control how the file will be opened.
    348   ///
    349   /// As a special case, if Filename is "-", then the stream will use
    350   /// STDOUT_FILENO instead of opening a file. Note that it will still consider
    351   /// itself to own the file descriptor. In particular, it will close the
    352   /// file descriptor when it is done (this is necessary to detect
    353   /// output errors).
    354   raw_fd_ostream(const char *Filename, std::string &ErrorInfo,
    355                  sys::fs::OpenFlags Flags);
    356 
    357   /// raw_fd_ostream ctor - FD is the file descriptor that this writes to.  If
    358   /// ShouldClose is true, this closes the file when the stream is destroyed.
    359   raw_fd_ostream(int fd, bool shouldClose, bool unbuffered=false);
    360 
    361   ~raw_fd_ostream();
    362 
    363   /// close - Manually flush the stream and close the file.
    364   /// Note that this does not call fsync.
    365   void close();
    366 
    367   /// seek - Flushes the stream and repositions the underlying file descriptor
    368   /// position to the offset specified from the beginning of the file.
    369   uint64_t seek(uint64_t off);
    370 
    371   /// SetUseAtomicWrite - Set the stream to attempt to use atomic writes for
    372   /// individual output routines where possible.
    373   ///
    374   /// Note that because raw_ostream's are typically buffered, this flag is only
    375   /// sensible when used on unbuffered streams which will flush their output
    376   /// immediately.
    377   void SetUseAtomicWrites(bool Value) {
    378     UseAtomicWrites = Value;
    379   }
    380 
    381   raw_ostream &changeColor(enum Colors colors, bool bold=false,
    382                            bool bg=false) override;
    383   raw_ostream &resetColor() override;
    384 
    385   raw_ostream &reverseColor() override;
    386 
    387   bool is_displayed() const override;
    388 
    389   bool has_colors() const override;
    390 
    391   /// has_error - Return the value of the flag in this raw_fd_ostream indicating
    392   /// whether an output error has been encountered.
    393   /// This doesn't implicitly flush any pending output.  Also, it doesn't
    394   /// guarantee to detect all errors unless the stream has been closed.
    395   bool has_error() const {
    396     return Error;
    397   }
    398 
    399   /// clear_error - Set the flag read by has_error() to false. If the error
    400   /// flag is set at the time when this raw_ostream's destructor is called,
    401   /// report_fatal_error is called to report the error. Use clear_error()
    402   /// after handling the error to avoid this behavior.
    403   ///
    404   ///   "Errors should never pass silently.
    405   ///    Unless explicitly silenced."
    406   ///      - from The Zen of Python, by Tim Peters
    407   ///
    408   void clear_error() {
    409     Error = false;
    410   }
    411 };
    412 
    413 /// outs() - This returns a reference to a raw_ostream for standard output.
    414 /// Use it like: outs() << "foo" << "bar";
    415 raw_ostream &outs();
    416 
    417 /// errs() - This returns a reference to a raw_ostream for standard error.
    418 /// Use it like: errs() << "foo" << "bar";
    419 raw_ostream &errs();
    420 
    421 /// nulls() - This returns a reference to a raw_ostream which simply discards
    422 /// output.
    423 raw_ostream &nulls();
    424 
    425 //===----------------------------------------------------------------------===//
    426 // Output Stream Adaptors
    427 //===----------------------------------------------------------------------===//
    428 
    429 /// raw_string_ostream - A raw_ostream that writes to an std::string.  This is a
    430 /// simple adaptor class. This class does not encounter output errors.
    431 class raw_string_ostream : public raw_ostream {
    432   std::string &OS;
    433 
    434   /// write_impl - See raw_ostream::write_impl.
    435   void write_impl(const char *Ptr, size_t Size) override;
    436 
    437   /// current_pos - Return the current position within the stream, not
    438   /// counting the bytes currently in the buffer.
    439   uint64_t current_pos() const override { return OS.size(); }
    440 public:
    441   explicit raw_string_ostream(std::string &O) : OS(O) {}
    442   ~raw_string_ostream();
    443 
    444   /// str - Flushes the stream contents to the target string and returns
    445   ///  the string's reference.
    446   std::string& str() {
    447     flush();
    448     return OS;
    449   }
    450 };
    451 
    452 /// raw_svector_ostream - A raw_ostream that writes to an SmallVector or
    453 /// SmallString.  This is a simple adaptor class. This class does not
    454 /// encounter output errors.
    455 class raw_svector_ostream : public raw_ostream {
    456   SmallVectorImpl<char> &OS;
    457 
    458   /// write_impl - See raw_ostream::write_impl.
    459   void write_impl(const char *Ptr, size_t Size) override;
    460 
    461   /// current_pos - Return the current position within the stream, not
    462   /// counting the bytes currently in the buffer.
    463   uint64_t current_pos() const override;
    464 public:
    465   /// Construct a new raw_svector_ostream.
    466   ///
    467   /// \param O The vector to write to; this should generally have at least 128
    468   /// bytes free to avoid any extraneous memory overhead.
    469   explicit raw_svector_ostream(SmallVectorImpl<char> &O);
    470   ~raw_svector_ostream();
    471 
    472   /// resync - This is called when the SmallVector we're appending to is changed
    473   /// outside of the raw_svector_ostream's control.  It is only safe to do this
    474   /// if the raw_svector_ostream has previously been flushed.
    475   void resync();
    476 
    477   /// str - Flushes the stream contents to the target vector and return a
    478   /// StringRef for the vector contents.
    479   StringRef str();
    480 };
    481 
    482 /// raw_null_ostream - A raw_ostream that discards all output.
    483 class raw_null_ostream : public raw_ostream {
    484   /// write_impl - See raw_ostream::write_impl.
    485   void write_impl(const char *Ptr, size_t size) override;
    486 
    487   /// current_pos - Return the current position within the stream, not
    488   /// counting the bytes currently in the buffer.
    489   uint64_t current_pos() const override;
    490 
    491 public:
    492   explicit raw_null_ostream() {}
    493   ~raw_null_ostream();
    494 };
    495 
    496 } // end llvm namespace
    497 
    498 #endif
    499