Home | History | Annotate | Download | only in runtime
      1 /*
      2  * Copyright (C) 2011 The Android Open Source Project
      3  *
      4  * Licensed under the Apache License, Version 2.0 (the "License");
      5  * you may not use this file except in compliance with the License.
      6  * You may obtain a copy of the License at
      7  *
      8  *      http://www.apache.org/licenses/LICENSE-2.0
      9  *
     10  * Unless required by applicable law or agreed to in writing, software
     11  * distributed under the License is distributed on an "AS IS" BASIS,
     12  * WITHOUT WARRANTIES OR CONDITIONS OF ANY KIND, either express or implied.
     13  * See the License for the specific language governing permissions and
     14  * limitations under the License.
     15  */
     16 
     17 #include "runtime.h"
     18 
     19 // sys/mount.h has to come before linux/fs.h due to redefinition of MS_RDONLY, MS_BIND, etc
     20 #include <sys/mount.h>
     21 #ifdef __linux__
     22 #include <linux/fs.h>
     23 #endif
     24 
     25 #define ATRACE_TAG ATRACE_TAG_DALVIK
     26 #include <cutils/trace.h>
     27 #include <signal.h>
     28 #include <sys/syscall.h>
     29 #include <valgrind.h>
     30 
     31 #include <cstdio>
     32 #include <cstdlib>
     33 #include <limits>
     34 #include <memory_representation.h>
     35 #include <vector>
     36 #include <fcntl.h>
     37 
     38 #include "JniConstants.h"
     39 #include "ScopedLocalRef.h"
     40 #include "arch/arm/quick_method_frame_info_arm.h"
     41 #include "arch/arm/registers_arm.h"
     42 #include "arch/arm64/quick_method_frame_info_arm64.h"
     43 #include "arch/arm64/registers_arm64.h"
     44 #include "arch/instruction_set_features.h"
     45 #include "arch/mips/quick_method_frame_info_mips.h"
     46 #include "arch/mips/registers_mips.h"
     47 #include "arch/mips64/quick_method_frame_info_mips64.h"
     48 #include "arch/mips64/registers_mips64.h"
     49 #include "arch/x86/quick_method_frame_info_x86.h"
     50 #include "arch/x86/registers_x86.h"
     51 #include "arch/x86_64/quick_method_frame_info_x86_64.h"
     52 #include "arch/x86_64/registers_x86_64.h"
     53 #include "art_field-inl.h"
     54 #include "art_method-inl.h"
     55 #include "asm_support.h"
     56 #include "atomic.h"
     57 #include "base/arena_allocator.h"
     58 #include "base/dumpable.h"
     59 #include "base/unix_file/fd_file.h"
     60 #include "class_linker-inl.h"
     61 #include "compiler_callbacks.h"
     62 #include "debugger.h"
     63 #include "elf_file.h"
     64 #include "entrypoints/runtime_asm_entrypoints.h"
     65 #include "fault_handler.h"
     66 #include "gc/accounting/card_table-inl.h"
     67 #include "gc/heap.h"
     68 #include "gc/space/image_space.h"
     69 #include "gc/space/space-inl.h"
     70 #include "handle_scope-inl.h"
     71 #include "image.h"
     72 #include "instrumentation.h"
     73 #include "intern_table.h"
     74 #include "interpreter/interpreter.h"
     75 #include "jit/jit.h"
     76 #include "jni_internal.h"
     77 #include "linear_alloc.h"
     78 #include "mirror/array.h"
     79 #include "mirror/class-inl.h"
     80 #include "mirror/class_loader.h"
     81 #include "mirror/field.h"
     82 #include "mirror/method.h"
     83 #include "mirror/stack_trace_element.h"
     84 #include "mirror/throwable.h"
     85 #include "monitor.h"
     86 #include "native/dalvik_system_DexFile.h"
     87 #include "native/dalvik_system_VMDebug.h"
     88 #include "native/dalvik_system_VMRuntime.h"
     89 #include "native/dalvik_system_VMStack.h"
     90 #include "native/dalvik_system_ZygoteHooks.h"
     91 #include "native/java_lang_Class.h"
     92 #include "native/java_lang_DexCache.h"
     93 #include "native/java_lang_Object.h"
     94 #include "native/java_lang_Runtime.h"
     95 #include "native/java_lang_String.h"
     96 #include "native/java_lang_StringFactory.h"
     97 #include "native/java_lang_System.h"
     98 #include "native/java_lang_Thread.h"
     99 #include "native/java_lang_Throwable.h"
    100 #include "native/java_lang_VMClassLoader.h"
    101 #include "native/java_lang_ref_FinalizerReference.h"
    102 #include "native/java_lang_ref_Reference.h"
    103 #include "native/java_lang_reflect_Array.h"
    104 #include "native/java_lang_reflect_Constructor.h"
    105 #include "native/java_lang_reflect_Field.h"
    106 #include "native/java_lang_reflect_Method.h"
    107 #include "native/java_lang_reflect_Proxy.h"
    108 #include "native/java_util_concurrent_atomic_AtomicLong.h"
    109 #include "native/libcore_util_CharsetUtils.h"
    110 #include "native/org_apache_harmony_dalvik_ddmc_DdmServer.h"
    111 #include "native/org_apache_harmony_dalvik_ddmc_DdmVmInternal.h"
    112 #include "native/sun_misc_Unsafe.h"
    113 #include "native_bridge_art_interface.h"
    114 #include "oat_file.h"
    115 #include "os.h"
    116 #include "parsed_options.h"
    117 #include "profiler.h"
    118 #include "quick/quick_method_frame_info.h"
    119 #include "reflection.h"
    120 #include "runtime_options.h"
    121 #include "ScopedLocalRef.h"
    122 #include "scoped_thread_state_change.h"
    123 #include "sigchain.h"
    124 #include "signal_catcher.h"
    125 #include "signal_set.h"
    126 #include "thread.h"
    127 #include "thread_list.h"
    128 #include "trace.h"
    129 #include "transaction.h"
    130 #include "verifier/method_verifier.h"
    131 #include "well_known_classes.h"
    132 
    133 namespace art {
    134 
    135 // If a signal isn't handled properly, enable a handler that attempts to dump the Java stack.
    136 static constexpr bool kEnableJavaStackTraceHandler = false;
    137 Runtime* Runtime::instance_ = nullptr;
    138 
    139 struct TraceConfig {
    140   Trace::TraceMode trace_mode;
    141   Trace::TraceOutputMode trace_output_mode;
    142   std::string trace_file;
    143   size_t trace_file_size;
    144 };
    145 
    146 Runtime::Runtime()
    147     : resolution_method_(nullptr),
    148       imt_conflict_method_(nullptr),
    149       imt_unimplemented_method_(nullptr),
    150       instruction_set_(kNone),
    151       compiler_callbacks_(nullptr),
    152       is_zygote_(false),
    153       must_relocate_(false),
    154       is_concurrent_gc_enabled_(true),
    155       is_explicit_gc_disabled_(false),
    156       dex2oat_enabled_(true),
    157       image_dex2oat_enabled_(true),
    158       default_stack_size_(0),
    159       heap_(nullptr),
    160       max_spins_before_thin_lock_inflation_(Monitor::kDefaultMaxSpinsBeforeThinLockInflation),
    161       monitor_list_(nullptr),
    162       monitor_pool_(nullptr),
    163       thread_list_(nullptr),
    164       intern_table_(nullptr),
    165       class_linker_(nullptr),
    166       signal_catcher_(nullptr),
    167       java_vm_(nullptr),
    168       fault_message_lock_("Fault message lock"),
    169       fault_message_(""),
    170       threads_being_born_(0),
    171       shutdown_cond_(new ConditionVariable("Runtime shutdown", *Locks::runtime_shutdown_lock_)),
    172       shutting_down_(false),
    173       shutting_down_started_(false),
    174       started_(false),
    175       finished_starting_(false),
    176       vfprintf_(nullptr),
    177       exit_(nullptr),
    178       abort_(nullptr),
    179       stats_enabled_(false),
    180       running_on_valgrind_(RUNNING_ON_VALGRIND > 0),
    181       profiler_started_(false),
    182       instrumentation_(),
    183       main_thread_group_(nullptr),
    184       system_thread_group_(nullptr),
    185       system_class_loader_(nullptr),
    186       dump_gc_performance_on_shutdown_(false),
    187       preinitialization_transaction_(nullptr),
    188       verify_(false),
    189       allow_dex_file_fallback_(true),
    190       target_sdk_version_(0),
    191       implicit_null_checks_(false),
    192       implicit_so_checks_(false),
    193       implicit_suspend_checks_(false),
    194       is_native_bridge_loaded_(false),
    195       zygote_max_failed_boots_(0) {
    196   CheckAsmSupportOffsetsAndSizes();
    197   std::fill(callee_save_methods_, callee_save_methods_ + arraysize(callee_save_methods_), 0u);
    198 }
    199 
    200 Runtime::~Runtime() {
    201   if (is_native_bridge_loaded_) {
    202     UnloadNativeBridge();
    203   }
    204   if (dump_gc_performance_on_shutdown_) {
    205     // This can't be called from the Heap destructor below because it
    206     // could call RosAlloc::InspectAll() which needs the thread_list
    207     // to be still alive.
    208     heap_->DumpGcPerformanceInfo(LOG(INFO));
    209   }
    210 
    211   Thread* self = Thread::Current();
    212   const bool attach_shutdown_thread = self == nullptr;
    213   if (attach_shutdown_thread) {
    214     CHECK(AttachCurrentThread("Shutdown thread", false, nullptr, false));
    215     self = Thread::Current();
    216   } else {
    217     LOG(WARNING) << "Current thread not detached in Runtime shutdown";
    218   }
    219 
    220   {
    221     MutexLock mu(self, *Locks::runtime_shutdown_lock_);
    222     shutting_down_started_ = true;
    223     while (threads_being_born_ > 0) {
    224       shutdown_cond_->Wait(self);
    225     }
    226     shutting_down_ = true;
    227   }
    228   // Shutdown and wait for the daemons.
    229   CHECK(self != nullptr);
    230   if (IsFinishedStarting()) {
    231     self->ClearException();
    232     self->GetJniEnv()->CallStaticVoidMethod(WellKnownClasses::java_lang_Daemons,
    233                                             WellKnownClasses::java_lang_Daemons_stop);
    234   }
    235   if (attach_shutdown_thread) {
    236     DetachCurrentThread();
    237     self = nullptr;
    238   }
    239 
    240   // Shut down background profiler before the runtime exits.
    241   if (profiler_started_) {
    242     BackgroundMethodSamplingProfiler::Shutdown();
    243   }
    244 
    245   Trace::Shutdown();
    246 
    247   // Make sure to let the GC complete if it is running.
    248   heap_->WaitForGcToComplete(gc::kGcCauseBackground, self);
    249   heap_->DeleteThreadPool();
    250   if (jit_.get() != nullptr) {
    251     VLOG(jit) << "Deleting jit thread pool";
    252     // Delete thread pool before the thread list since we don't want to wait forever on the
    253     // JIT compiler threads.
    254     jit_->DeleteThreadPool();
    255   }
    256 
    257   // Make sure our internal threads are dead before we start tearing down things they're using.
    258   Dbg::StopJdwp();
    259   delete signal_catcher_;
    260 
    261   // Make sure all other non-daemon threads have terminated, and all daemon threads are suspended.
    262   delete thread_list_;
    263 
    264   // Delete the JIT after thread list to ensure that there is no remaining threads which could be
    265   // accessing the instrumentation when we delete it.
    266   if (jit_.get() != nullptr) {
    267     VLOG(jit) << "Deleting jit";
    268     jit_.reset(nullptr);
    269   }
    270   linear_alloc_.reset();
    271   arena_pool_.reset();
    272   low_4gb_arena_pool_.reset();
    273 
    274   // Shutdown the fault manager if it was initialized.
    275   fault_manager.Shutdown();
    276 
    277   delete monitor_list_;
    278   delete monitor_pool_;
    279   delete class_linker_;
    280   delete heap_;
    281   delete intern_table_;
    282   delete java_vm_;
    283   Thread::Shutdown();
    284   QuasiAtomic::Shutdown();
    285   verifier::MethodVerifier::Shutdown();
    286   MemMap::Shutdown();
    287   // TODO: acquire a static mutex on Runtime to avoid racing.
    288   CHECK(instance_ == nullptr || instance_ == this);
    289   instance_ = nullptr;
    290 }
    291 
    292 struct AbortState {
    293   void Dump(std::ostream& os) const {
    294     if (gAborting > 1) {
    295       os << "Runtime aborting --- recursively, so no thread-specific detail!\n";
    296       return;
    297     }
    298     gAborting++;
    299     os << "Runtime aborting...\n";
    300     if (Runtime::Current() == nullptr) {
    301       os << "(Runtime does not yet exist!)\n";
    302       return;
    303     }
    304     Thread* self = Thread::Current();
    305     if (self == nullptr) {
    306       os << "(Aborting thread was not attached to runtime!)\n";
    307       DumpKernelStack(os, GetTid(), "  kernel: ", false);
    308       DumpNativeStack(os, GetTid(), "  native: ", nullptr);
    309     } else {
    310       os << "Aborting thread:\n";
    311       if (Locks::mutator_lock_->IsExclusiveHeld(self) || Locks::mutator_lock_->IsSharedHeld(self)) {
    312         DumpThread(os, self);
    313       } else {
    314         if (Locks::mutator_lock_->SharedTryLock(self)) {
    315           DumpThread(os, self);
    316           Locks::mutator_lock_->SharedUnlock(self);
    317         }
    318       }
    319     }
    320     DumpAllThreads(os, self);
    321   }
    322 
    323   // No thread-safety analysis as we do explicitly test for holding the mutator lock.
    324   void DumpThread(std::ostream& os, Thread* self) const NO_THREAD_SAFETY_ANALYSIS {
    325     DCHECK(Locks::mutator_lock_->IsExclusiveHeld(self) || Locks::mutator_lock_->IsSharedHeld(self));
    326     self->Dump(os);
    327     if (self->IsExceptionPending()) {
    328       mirror::Throwable* exception = self->GetException();
    329       os << "Pending exception " << exception->Dump();
    330     }
    331   }
    332 
    333   void DumpAllThreads(std::ostream& os, Thread* self) const {
    334     Runtime* runtime = Runtime::Current();
    335     if (runtime != nullptr) {
    336       ThreadList* thread_list = runtime->GetThreadList();
    337       if (thread_list != nullptr) {
    338         bool tll_already_held = Locks::thread_list_lock_->IsExclusiveHeld(self);
    339         bool ml_already_held = Locks::mutator_lock_->IsSharedHeld(self);
    340         if (!tll_already_held || !ml_already_held) {
    341           os << "Dumping all threads without appropriate locks held:"
    342               << (!tll_already_held ? " thread list lock" : "")
    343               << (!ml_already_held ? " mutator lock" : "")
    344               << "\n";
    345         }
    346         os << "All threads:\n";
    347         thread_list->Dump(os);
    348       }
    349     }
    350   }
    351 };
    352 
    353 void Runtime::Abort() {
    354   gAborting++;  // set before taking any locks
    355 
    356   // Ensure that we don't have multiple threads trying to abort at once,
    357   // which would result in significantly worse diagnostics.
    358   MutexLock mu(Thread::Current(), *Locks::abort_lock_);
    359 
    360   // Get any pending output out of the way.
    361   fflush(nullptr);
    362 
    363   // Many people have difficulty distinguish aborts from crashes,
    364   // so be explicit.
    365   AbortState state;
    366   LOG(INTERNAL_FATAL) << Dumpable<AbortState>(state);
    367 
    368   // Call the abort hook if we have one.
    369   if (Runtime::Current() != nullptr && Runtime::Current()->abort_ != nullptr) {
    370     LOG(INTERNAL_FATAL) << "Calling abort hook...";
    371     Runtime::Current()->abort_();
    372     // notreached
    373     LOG(INTERNAL_FATAL) << "Unexpectedly returned from abort hook!";
    374   }
    375 
    376 #if defined(__GLIBC__)
    377   // TODO: we ought to be able to use pthread_kill(3) here (or abort(3),
    378   // which POSIX defines in terms of raise(3), which POSIX defines in terms
    379   // of pthread_kill(3)). On Linux, though, libcorkscrew can't unwind through
    380   // libpthread, which means the stacks we dump would be useless. Calling
    381   // tgkill(2) directly avoids that.
    382   syscall(__NR_tgkill, getpid(), GetTid(), SIGABRT);
    383   // TODO: LLVM installs it's own SIGABRT handler so exit to be safe... Can we disable that in LLVM?
    384   // If not, we could use sigaction(3) before calling tgkill(2) and lose this call to exit(3).
    385   exit(1);
    386 #else
    387   abort();
    388 #endif
    389   // notreached
    390 }
    391 
    392 void Runtime::PreZygoteFork() {
    393   heap_->PreZygoteFork();
    394 }
    395 
    396 void Runtime::CallExitHook(jint status) {
    397   if (exit_ != nullptr) {
    398     ScopedThreadStateChange tsc(Thread::Current(), kNative);
    399     exit_(status);
    400     LOG(WARNING) << "Exit hook returned instead of exiting!";
    401   }
    402 }
    403 
    404 void Runtime::SweepSystemWeaks(IsMarkedCallback* visitor, void* arg) {
    405   GetInternTable()->SweepInternTableWeaks(visitor, arg);
    406   GetMonitorList()->SweepMonitorList(visitor, arg);
    407   GetJavaVM()->SweepJniWeakGlobals(visitor, arg);
    408 }
    409 
    410 bool Runtime::Create(const RuntimeOptions& options, bool ignore_unrecognized) {
    411   // TODO: acquire a static mutex on Runtime to avoid racing.
    412   if (Runtime::instance_ != nullptr) {
    413     return false;
    414   }
    415   InitLogging(nullptr);  // Calls Locks::Init() as a side effect.
    416   instance_ = new Runtime;
    417   if (!instance_->Init(options, ignore_unrecognized)) {
    418     // TODO: Currently deleting the instance will abort the runtime on destruction. Now This will
    419     // leak memory, instead. Fix the destructor. b/19100793.
    420     // delete instance_;
    421     instance_ = nullptr;
    422     return false;
    423   }
    424   return true;
    425 }
    426 
    427 static jobject CreateSystemClassLoader(Runtime* runtime) {
    428   if (runtime->IsAotCompiler() && !runtime->GetCompilerCallbacks()->IsBootImage()) {
    429     return nullptr;
    430   }
    431 
    432   ScopedObjectAccess soa(Thread::Current());
    433   ClassLinker* cl = Runtime::Current()->GetClassLinker();
    434   auto pointer_size = cl->GetImagePointerSize();
    435 
    436   StackHandleScope<2> hs(soa.Self());
    437   Handle<mirror::Class> class_loader_class(
    438       hs.NewHandle(soa.Decode<mirror::Class*>(WellKnownClasses::java_lang_ClassLoader)));
    439   CHECK(cl->EnsureInitialized(soa.Self(), class_loader_class, true, true));
    440 
    441   ArtMethod* getSystemClassLoader = class_loader_class->FindDirectMethod(
    442       "getSystemClassLoader", "()Ljava/lang/ClassLoader;", pointer_size);
    443   CHECK(getSystemClassLoader != nullptr);
    444 
    445   JValue result = InvokeWithJValues(soa, nullptr, soa.EncodeMethod(getSystemClassLoader), nullptr);
    446   JNIEnv* env = soa.Self()->GetJniEnv();
    447   ScopedLocalRef<jobject> system_class_loader(env, soa.AddLocalReference<jobject>(result.GetL()));
    448   CHECK(system_class_loader.get() != nullptr);
    449 
    450   soa.Self()->SetClassLoaderOverride(system_class_loader.get());
    451 
    452   Handle<mirror::Class> thread_class(
    453       hs.NewHandle(soa.Decode<mirror::Class*>(WellKnownClasses::java_lang_Thread)));
    454   CHECK(cl->EnsureInitialized(soa.Self(), thread_class, true, true));
    455 
    456   ArtField* contextClassLoader =
    457       thread_class->FindDeclaredInstanceField("contextClassLoader", "Ljava/lang/ClassLoader;");
    458   CHECK(contextClassLoader != nullptr);
    459 
    460   // We can't run in a transaction yet.
    461   contextClassLoader->SetObject<false>(soa.Self()->GetPeer(),
    462                                        soa.Decode<mirror::ClassLoader*>(system_class_loader.get()));
    463 
    464   return env->NewGlobalRef(system_class_loader.get());
    465 }
    466 
    467 std::string Runtime::GetPatchoatExecutable() const {
    468   if (!patchoat_executable_.empty()) {
    469     return patchoat_executable_;
    470   }
    471   std::string patchoat_executable(GetAndroidRoot());
    472   patchoat_executable += (kIsDebugBuild ? "/bin/patchoatd" : "/bin/patchoat");
    473   return patchoat_executable;
    474 }
    475 
    476 std::string Runtime::GetCompilerExecutable() const {
    477   if (!compiler_executable_.empty()) {
    478     return compiler_executable_;
    479   }
    480   std::string compiler_executable(GetAndroidRoot());
    481   compiler_executable += (kIsDebugBuild ? "/bin/dex2oatd" : "/bin/dex2oat");
    482   return compiler_executable;
    483 }
    484 
    485 bool Runtime::Start() {
    486   VLOG(startup) << "Runtime::Start entering";
    487 
    488   // Restore main thread state to kNative as expected by native code.
    489   Thread* self = Thread::Current();
    490 
    491   self->TransitionFromRunnableToSuspended(kNative);
    492 
    493   started_ = true;
    494 
    495   // Use !IsAotCompiler so that we get test coverage, tests are never the zygote.
    496   if (!IsAotCompiler()) {
    497     ScopedObjectAccess soa(self);
    498     gc::space::ImageSpace* image_space = heap_->GetImageSpace();
    499     if (image_space != nullptr) {
    500       ATRACE_BEGIN("AddImageStringsToTable");
    501       GetInternTable()->AddImageStringsToTable(image_space);
    502       ATRACE_END();
    503       ATRACE_BEGIN("MoveImageClassesToClassTable");
    504       GetClassLinker()->MoveImageClassesToClassTable();
    505       ATRACE_END();
    506     }
    507   }
    508 
    509   // If we are the zygote then we need to wait until after forking to create the code cache
    510   // due to SELinux restrictions on r/w/x memory regions.
    511   if (!IsZygote() && jit_options_->UseJIT()) {
    512     CreateJit();
    513   }
    514 
    515   if (!IsImageDex2OatEnabled() || !GetHeap()->HasImageSpace()) {
    516     ScopedObjectAccess soa(self);
    517     StackHandleScope<1> hs(soa.Self());
    518     auto klass(hs.NewHandle<mirror::Class>(mirror::Class::GetJavaLangClass()));
    519     class_linker_->EnsureInitialized(soa.Self(), klass, true, true);
    520   }
    521 
    522   // InitNativeMethods needs to be after started_ so that the classes
    523   // it touches will have methods linked to the oat file if necessary.
    524   ATRACE_BEGIN("InitNativeMethods");
    525   InitNativeMethods();
    526   ATRACE_END();
    527 
    528   // Initialize well known thread group values that may be accessed threads while attaching.
    529   InitThreadGroups(self);
    530 
    531   Thread::FinishStartup();
    532 
    533   system_class_loader_ = CreateSystemClassLoader(this);
    534 
    535   if (is_zygote_) {
    536     if (!InitZygote()) {
    537       return false;
    538     }
    539   } else {
    540     if (is_native_bridge_loaded_) {
    541       PreInitializeNativeBridge(".");
    542     }
    543     DidForkFromZygote(self->GetJniEnv(), NativeBridgeAction::kInitialize,
    544                       GetInstructionSetString(kRuntimeISA));
    545   }
    546 
    547   ATRACE_BEGIN("StartDaemonThreads");
    548   StartDaemonThreads();
    549   ATRACE_END();
    550 
    551   {
    552     ScopedObjectAccess soa(self);
    553     self->GetJniEnv()->locals.AssertEmpty();
    554   }
    555 
    556   VLOG(startup) << "Runtime::Start exiting";
    557   finished_starting_ = true;
    558 
    559   if (profiler_options_.IsEnabled() && !profile_output_filename_.empty()) {
    560     // User has asked for a profile using -Xenable-profiler.
    561     // Create the profile file if it doesn't exist.
    562     int fd = open(profile_output_filename_.c_str(), O_RDWR|O_CREAT|O_EXCL, 0660);
    563     if (fd >= 0) {
    564       close(fd);
    565     } else if (errno != EEXIST) {
    566       LOG(INFO) << "Failed to access the profile file. Profiler disabled.";
    567       return true;
    568     }
    569     StartProfiler(profile_output_filename_.c_str());
    570   }
    571 
    572   if (trace_config_.get() != nullptr && trace_config_->trace_file != "") {
    573     ScopedThreadStateChange tsc(self, kWaitingForMethodTracingStart);
    574     Trace::Start(trace_config_->trace_file.c_str(),
    575                  -1,
    576                  static_cast<int>(trace_config_->trace_file_size),
    577                  0,
    578                  trace_config_->trace_output_mode,
    579                  trace_config_->trace_mode,
    580                  0);
    581   }
    582 
    583   return true;
    584 }
    585 
    586 void Runtime::EndThreadBirth() EXCLUSIVE_LOCKS_REQUIRED(Locks::runtime_shutdown_lock_) {
    587   DCHECK_GT(threads_being_born_, 0U);
    588   threads_being_born_--;
    589   if (shutting_down_started_ && threads_being_born_ == 0) {
    590     shutdown_cond_->Broadcast(Thread::Current());
    591   }
    592 }
    593 
    594 // Do zygote-mode-only initialization.
    595 bool Runtime::InitZygote() {
    596 #ifdef __linux__
    597   // zygote goes into its own process group
    598   setpgid(0, 0);
    599 
    600   // See storage config details at http://source.android.com/tech/storage/
    601   // Create private mount namespace shared by all children
    602   if (unshare(CLONE_NEWNS) == -1) {
    603     PLOG(WARNING) << "Failed to unshare()";
    604     return false;
    605   }
    606 
    607   // Mark rootfs as being a slave so that changes from default
    608   // namespace only flow into our children.
    609   if (mount("rootfs", "/", nullptr, (MS_SLAVE | MS_REC), nullptr) == -1) {
    610     PLOG(WARNING) << "Failed to mount() rootfs as MS_SLAVE";
    611     return false;
    612   }
    613 
    614   // Create a staging tmpfs that is shared by our children; they will
    615   // bind mount storage into their respective private namespaces, which
    616   // are isolated from each other.
    617   const char* target_base = getenv("EMULATED_STORAGE_TARGET");
    618   if (target_base != nullptr) {
    619     if (mount("tmpfs", target_base, "tmpfs", MS_NOSUID | MS_NODEV,
    620               "uid=0,gid=1028,mode=0751") == -1) {
    621       LOG(WARNING) << "Failed to mount tmpfs to " << target_base;
    622       return false;
    623     }
    624   }
    625 
    626   return true;
    627 #else
    628   UNIMPLEMENTED(FATAL);
    629   return false;
    630 #endif
    631 }
    632 
    633 void Runtime::DidForkFromZygote(JNIEnv* env, NativeBridgeAction action, const char* isa) {
    634   is_zygote_ = false;
    635 
    636   if (is_native_bridge_loaded_) {
    637     switch (action) {
    638       case NativeBridgeAction::kUnload:
    639         UnloadNativeBridge();
    640         is_native_bridge_loaded_ = false;
    641         break;
    642 
    643       case NativeBridgeAction::kInitialize:
    644         InitializeNativeBridge(env, isa);
    645         break;
    646     }
    647   }
    648 
    649   // Create the thread pools.
    650   heap_->CreateThreadPool();
    651   // Reset the gc performance data at zygote fork so that the GCs
    652   // before fork aren't attributed to an app.
    653   heap_->ResetGcPerformanceInfo();
    654 
    655   if (jit_.get() == nullptr && jit_options_->UseJIT()) {
    656     // Create the JIT if the flag is set and we haven't already create it (happens for run-tests).
    657     CreateJit();
    658   }
    659 
    660   StartSignalCatcher();
    661 
    662   // Start the JDWP thread. If the command-line debugger flags specified "suspend=y",
    663   // this will pause the runtime, so we probably want this to come last.
    664   Dbg::StartJdwp();
    665 }
    666 
    667 void Runtime::StartSignalCatcher() {
    668   if (!is_zygote_) {
    669     signal_catcher_ = new SignalCatcher(stack_trace_file_);
    670   }
    671 }
    672 
    673 bool Runtime::IsShuttingDown(Thread* self) {
    674   MutexLock mu(self, *Locks::runtime_shutdown_lock_);
    675   return IsShuttingDownLocked();
    676 }
    677 
    678 void Runtime::StartDaemonThreads() {
    679   VLOG(startup) << "Runtime::StartDaemonThreads entering";
    680 
    681   Thread* self = Thread::Current();
    682 
    683   // Must be in the kNative state for calling native methods.
    684   CHECK_EQ(self->GetState(), kNative);
    685 
    686   JNIEnv* env = self->GetJniEnv();
    687   env->CallStaticVoidMethod(WellKnownClasses::java_lang_Daemons,
    688                             WellKnownClasses::java_lang_Daemons_start);
    689   if (env->ExceptionCheck()) {
    690     env->ExceptionDescribe();
    691     LOG(FATAL) << "Error starting java.lang.Daemons";
    692   }
    693 
    694   VLOG(startup) << "Runtime::StartDaemonThreads exiting";
    695 }
    696 
    697 static bool OpenDexFilesFromImage(const std::string& image_location,
    698                                   std::vector<std::unique_ptr<const DexFile>>* dex_files,
    699                                   size_t* failures) {
    700   DCHECK(dex_files != nullptr) << "OpenDexFilesFromImage: out-param is nullptr";
    701   std::string system_filename;
    702   bool has_system = false;
    703   std::string cache_filename_unused;
    704   bool dalvik_cache_exists_unused;
    705   bool has_cache_unused;
    706   bool is_global_cache_unused;
    707   bool found_image = gc::space::ImageSpace::FindImageFilename(image_location.c_str(),
    708                                                               kRuntimeISA,
    709                                                               &system_filename,
    710                                                               &has_system,
    711                                                               &cache_filename_unused,
    712                                                               &dalvik_cache_exists_unused,
    713                                                               &has_cache_unused,
    714                                                               &is_global_cache_unused);
    715   *failures = 0;
    716   if (!found_image || !has_system) {
    717     return false;
    718   }
    719   std::string error_msg;
    720   // We are falling back to non-executable use of the oat file because patching failed, presumably
    721   // due to lack of space.
    722   std::string oat_filename = ImageHeader::GetOatLocationFromImageLocation(system_filename.c_str());
    723   std::string oat_location = ImageHeader::GetOatLocationFromImageLocation(image_location.c_str());
    724   std::unique_ptr<File> file(OS::OpenFileForReading(oat_filename.c_str()));
    725   if (file.get() == nullptr) {
    726     return false;
    727   }
    728   std::unique_ptr<ElfFile> elf_file(ElfFile::Open(file.release(), false, false, &error_msg));
    729   if (elf_file.get() == nullptr) {
    730     return false;
    731   }
    732   std::unique_ptr<OatFile> oat_file(OatFile::OpenWithElfFile(elf_file.release(), oat_location,
    733                                                              nullptr, &error_msg));
    734   if (oat_file.get() == nullptr) {
    735     LOG(INFO) << "Unable to use '" << oat_filename << "' because " << error_msg;
    736     return false;
    737   }
    738 
    739   for (const OatFile::OatDexFile* oat_dex_file : oat_file->GetOatDexFiles()) {
    740     if (oat_dex_file == nullptr) {
    741       *failures += 1;
    742       continue;
    743     }
    744     std::unique_ptr<const DexFile> dex_file = oat_dex_file->OpenDexFile(&error_msg);
    745     if (dex_file.get() == nullptr) {
    746       *failures += 1;
    747     } else {
    748       dex_files->push_back(std::move(dex_file));
    749     }
    750   }
    751   Runtime::Current()->GetClassLinker()->RegisterOatFile(oat_file.release());
    752   return true;
    753 }
    754 
    755 
    756 static size_t OpenDexFiles(const std::vector<std::string>& dex_filenames,
    757                            const std::vector<std::string>& dex_locations,
    758                            const std::string& image_location,
    759                            std::vector<std::unique_ptr<const DexFile>>* dex_files) {
    760   DCHECK(dex_files != nullptr) << "OpenDexFiles: out-param is nullptr";
    761   size_t failure_count = 0;
    762   if (!image_location.empty() && OpenDexFilesFromImage(image_location, dex_files, &failure_count)) {
    763     return failure_count;
    764   }
    765   failure_count = 0;
    766   for (size_t i = 0; i < dex_filenames.size(); i++) {
    767     const char* dex_filename = dex_filenames[i].c_str();
    768     const char* dex_location = dex_locations[i].c_str();
    769     std::string error_msg;
    770     if (!OS::FileExists(dex_filename)) {
    771       LOG(WARNING) << "Skipping non-existent dex file '" << dex_filename << "'";
    772       continue;
    773     }
    774     if (!DexFile::Open(dex_filename, dex_location, &error_msg, dex_files)) {
    775       LOG(WARNING) << "Failed to open .dex from file '" << dex_filename << "': " << error_msg;
    776       ++failure_count;
    777     }
    778   }
    779   return failure_count;
    780 }
    781 
    782 bool Runtime::Init(const RuntimeOptions& raw_options, bool ignore_unrecognized) {
    783   ATRACE_BEGIN("Runtime::Init");
    784   CHECK_EQ(sysconf(_SC_PAGE_SIZE), kPageSize);
    785 
    786   MemMap::Init();
    787 
    788   using Opt = RuntimeArgumentMap;
    789   RuntimeArgumentMap runtime_options;
    790   std::unique_ptr<ParsedOptions> parsed_options(
    791       ParsedOptions::Create(raw_options, ignore_unrecognized, &runtime_options));
    792   if (parsed_options.get() == nullptr) {
    793     LOG(ERROR) << "Failed to parse options";
    794     ATRACE_END();
    795     return false;
    796   }
    797   VLOG(startup) << "Runtime::Init -verbose:startup enabled";
    798 
    799   QuasiAtomic::Startup();
    800 
    801   Monitor::Init(runtime_options.GetOrDefault(Opt::LockProfThreshold),
    802                 runtime_options.GetOrDefault(Opt::HookIsSensitiveThread));
    803 
    804   boot_class_path_string_ = runtime_options.ReleaseOrDefault(Opt::BootClassPath);
    805   class_path_string_ = runtime_options.ReleaseOrDefault(Opt::ClassPath);
    806   properties_ = runtime_options.ReleaseOrDefault(Opt::PropertiesList);
    807 
    808   compiler_callbacks_ = runtime_options.GetOrDefault(Opt::CompilerCallbacksPtr);
    809   patchoat_executable_ = runtime_options.ReleaseOrDefault(Opt::PatchOat);
    810   must_relocate_ = runtime_options.GetOrDefault(Opt::Relocate);
    811   is_zygote_ = runtime_options.Exists(Opt::Zygote);
    812   is_explicit_gc_disabled_ = runtime_options.Exists(Opt::DisableExplicitGC);
    813   dex2oat_enabled_ = runtime_options.GetOrDefault(Opt::Dex2Oat);
    814   image_dex2oat_enabled_ = runtime_options.GetOrDefault(Opt::ImageDex2Oat);
    815 
    816   vfprintf_ = runtime_options.GetOrDefault(Opt::HookVfprintf);
    817   exit_ = runtime_options.GetOrDefault(Opt::HookExit);
    818   abort_ = runtime_options.GetOrDefault(Opt::HookAbort);
    819 
    820   default_stack_size_ = runtime_options.GetOrDefault(Opt::StackSize);
    821   stack_trace_file_ = runtime_options.ReleaseOrDefault(Opt::StackTraceFile);
    822 
    823   compiler_executable_ = runtime_options.ReleaseOrDefault(Opt::Compiler);
    824   compiler_options_ = runtime_options.ReleaseOrDefault(Opt::CompilerOptions);
    825   image_compiler_options_ = runtime_options.ReleaseOrDefault(Opt::ImageCompilerOptions);
    826   image_location_ = runtime_options.GetOrDefault(Opt::Image);
    827 
    828   max_spins_before_thin_lock_inflation_ =
    829       runtime_options.GetOrDefault(Opt::MaxSpinsBeforeThinLockInflation);
    830 
    831   monitor_list_ = new MonitorList;
    832   monitor_pool_ = MonitorPool::Create();
    833   thread_list_ = new ThreadList;
    834   intern_table_ = new InternTable;
    835 
    836   verify_ = runtime_options.GetOrDefault(Opt::Verify);
    837   allow_dex_file_fallback_ = !runtime_options.Exists(Opt::NoDexFileFallback);
    838 
    839   Split(runtime_options.GetOrDefault(Opt::CpuAbiList), ',', &cpu_abilist_);
    840 
    841   fingerprint_ = runtime_options.ReleaseOrDefault(Opt::Fingerprint);
    842 
    843   if (runtime_options.GetOrDefault(Opt::Interpret)) {
    844     GetInstrumentation()->ForceInterpretOnly();
    845   }
    846 
    847   zygote_max_failed_boots_ = runtime_options.GetOrDefault(Opt::ZygoteMaxFailedBoots);
    848 
    849   XGcOption xgc_option = runtime_options.GetOrDefault(Opt::GcOption);
    850   ATRACE_BEGIN("CreateHeap");
    851   heap_ = new gc::Heap(runtime_options.GetOrDefault(Opt::MemoryInitialSize),
    852                        runtime_options.GetOrDefault(Opt::HeapGrowthLimit),
    853                        runtime_options.GetOrDefault(Opt::HeapMinFree),
    854                        runtime_options.GetOrDefault(Opt::HeapMaxFree),
    855                        runtime_options.GetOrDefault(Opt::HeapTargetUtilization),
    856                        runtime_options.GetOrDefault(Opt::ForegroundHeapGrowthMultiplier),
    857                        runtime_options.GetOrDefault(Opt::MemoryMaximumSize),
    858                        runtime_options.GetOrDefault(Opt::NonMovingSpaceCapacity),
    859                        runtime_options.GetOrDefault(Opt::Image),
    860                        runtime_options.GetOrDefault(Opt::ImageInstructionSet),
    861                        xgc_option.collector_type_,
    862                        runtime_options.GetOrDefault(Opt::BackgroundGc),
    863                        runtime_options.GetOrDefault(Opt::LargeObjectSpace),
    864                        runtime_options.GetOrDefault(Opt::LargeObjectThreshold),
    865                        runtime_options.GetOrDefault(Opt::ParallelGCThreads),
    866                        runtime_options.GetOrDefault(Opt::ConcGCThreads),
    867                        runtime_options.Exists(Opt::LowMemoryMode),
    868                        runtime_options.GetOrDefault(Opt::LongPauseLogThreshold),
    869                        runtime_options.GetOrDefault(Opt::LongGCLogThreshold),
    870                        runtime_options.Exists(Opt::IgnoreMaxFootprint),
    871                        runtime_options.GetOrDefault(Opt::UseTLAB),
    872                        xgc_option.verify_pre_gc_heap_,
    873                        xgc_option.verify_pre_sweeping_heap_,
    874                        xgc_option.verify_post_gc_heap_,
    875                        xgc_option.verify_pre_gc_rosalloc_,
    876                        xgc_option.verify_pre_sweeping_rosalloc_,
    877                        xgc_option.verify_post_gc_rosalloc_,
    878                        xgc_option.gcstress_,
    879                        runtime_options.GetOrDefault(Opt::EnableHSpaceCompactForOOM),
    880                        runtime_options.GetOrDefault(Opt::HSpaceCompactForOOMMinIntervalsMs));
    881   ATRACE_END();
    882 
    883   if (heap_->GetImageSpace() == nullptr && !allow_dex_file_fallback_) {
    884     LOG(ERROR) << "Dex file fallback disabled, cannot continue without image.";
    885     ATRACE_END();
    886     return false;
    887   }
    888 
    889   dump_gc_performance_on_shutdown_ = runtime_options.Exists(Opt::DumpGCPerformanceOnShutdown);
    890 
    891   if (runtime_options.Exists(Opt::JdwpOptions)) {
    892     Dbg::ConfigureJdwp(runtime_options.GetOrDefault(Opt::JdwpOptions));
    893   }
    894 
    895   jit_options_.reset(jit::JitOptions::CreateFromRuntimeArguments(runtime_options));
    896   if (IsAotCompiler()) {
    897     // If we are already the compiler at this point, we must be dex2oat. Don't create the jit in
    898     // this case.
    899     // If runtime_options doesn't have UseJIT set to true then CreateFromRuntimeArguments returns
    900     // null and we don't create the jit.
    901     jit_options_->SetUseJIT(false);
    902   }
    903 
    904   // Use MemMap arena pool for jit, malloc otherwise. Malloc arenas are faster to allocate but
    905   // can't be trimmed as easily.
    906   const bool use_malloc = IsAotCompiler();
    907   arena_pool_.reset(new ArenaPool(use_malloc, false));
    908   if (IsCompiler() && Is64BitInstructionSet(kRuntimeISA)) {
    909     // 4gb, no malloc. Explanation in header.
    910     low_4gb_arena_pool_.reset(new ArenaPool(false, true));
    911     linear_alloc_.reset(new LinearAlloc(low_4gb_arena_pool_.get()));
    912   } else {
    913     linear_alloc_.reset(new LinearAlloc(arena_pool_.get()));
    914   }
    915 
    916   BlockSignals();
    917   InitPlatformSignalHandlers();
    918 
    919   // Change the implicit checks flags based on runtime architecture.
    920   switch (kRuntimeISA) {
    921     case kArm:
    922     case kThumb2:
    923     case kX86:
    924     case kArm64:
    925     case kX86_64:
    926     case kMips:
    927     case kMips64:
    928       implicit_null_checks_ = true;
    929       // Installing stack protection does not play well with valgrind.
    930       implicit_so_checks_ = (RUNNING_ON_VALGRIND == 0);
    931       break;
    932     default:
    933       // Keep the defaults.
    934       break;
    935   }
    936 
    937   // Always initialize the signal chain so that any calls to sigaction get
    938   // correctly routed to the next in the chain regardless of whether we
    939   // have claimed the signal or not.
    940   InitializeSignalChain();
    941 
    942   if (implicit_null_checks_ || implicit_so_checks_ || implicit_suspend_checks_) {
    943     fault_manager.Init();
    944 
    945     // These need to be in a specific order.  The null point check handler must be
    946     // after the suspend check and stack overflow check handlers.
    947     //
    948     // Note: the instances attach themselves to the fault manager and are handled by it. The manager
    949     //       will delete the instance on Shutdown().
    950     if (implicit_suspend_checks_) {
    951       new SuspensionHandler(&fault_manager);
    952     }
    953 
    954     if (implicit_so_checks_) {
    955       new StackOverflowHandler(&fault_manager);
    956     }
    957 
    958     if (implicit_null_checks_) {
    959       new NullPointerHandler(&fault_manager);
    960     }
    961 
    962     if (kEnableJavaStackTraceHandler) {
    963       new JavaStackTraceHandler(&fault_manager);
    964     }
    965   }
    966 
    967   java_vm_ = new JavaVMExt(this, runtime_options);
    968 
    969   Thread::Startup();
    970 
    971   // ClassLinker needs an attached thread, but we can't fully attach a thread without creating
    972   // objects. We can't supply a thread group yet; it will be fixed later. Since we are the main
    973   // thread, we do not get a java peer.
    974   Thread* self = Thread::Attach("main", false, nullptr, false);
    975   CHECK_EQ(self->GetThreadId(), ThreadList::kMainThreadId);
    976   CHECK(self != nullptr);
    977 
    978   // Set us to runnable so tools using a runtime can allocate and GC by default
    979   self->TransitionFromSuspendedToRunnable();
    980 
    981   // Now we're attached, we can take the heap locks and validate the heap.
    982   GetHeap()->EnableObjectValidation();
    983 
    984   CHECK_GE(GetHeap()->GetContinuousSpaces().size(), 1U);
    985   class_linker_ = new ClassLinker(intern_table_);
    986   if (GetHeap()->HasImageSpace()) {
    987     ATRACE_BEGIN("InitFromImage");
    988     class_linker_->InitFromImage();
    989     ATRACE_END();
    990     if (kIsDebugBuild) {
    991       GetHeap()->GetImageSpace()->VerifyImageAllocations();
    992     }
    993     if (boot_class_path_string_.empty()) {
    994       // The bootclasspath is not explicitly specified: construct it from the loaded dex files.
    995       const std::vector<const DexFile*>& boot_class_path = GetClassLinker()->GetBootClassPath();
    996       std::vector<std::string> dex_locations;
    997       dex_locations.reserve(boot_class_path.size());
    998       for (const DexFile* dex_file : boot_class_path) {
    999         dex_locations.push_back(dex_file->GetLocation());
   1000       }
   1001       boot_class_path_string_ = Join(dex_locations, ':');
   1002     }
   1003   } else {
   1004     std::vector<std::string> dex_filenames;
   1005     Split(boot_class_path_string_, ':', &dex_filenames);
   1006 
   1007     std::vector<std::string> dex_locations;
   1008     if (!runtime_options.Exists(Opt::BootClassPathLocations)) {
   1009       dex_locations = dex_filenames;
   1010     } else {
   1011       dex_locations = runtime_options.GetOrDefault(Opt::BootClassPathLocations);
   1012       CHECK_EQ(dex_filenames.size(), dex_locations.size());
   1013     }
   1014 
   1015     std::vector<std::unique_ptr<const DexFile>> boot_class_path;
   1016     OpenDexFiles(dex_filenames,
   1017                  dex_locations,
   1018                  runtime_options.GetOrDefault(Opt::Image),
   1019                  &boot_class_path);
   1020     instruction_set_ = runtime_options.GetOrDefault(Opt::ImageInstructionSet);
   1021     class_linker_->InitWithoutImage(std::move(boot_class_path));
   1022 
   1023     // TODO: Should we move the following to InitWithoutImage?
   1024     SetInstructionSet(instruction_set_);
   1025     for (int i = 0; i < Runtime::kLastCalleeSaveType; i++) {
   1026       Runtime::CalleeSaveType type = Runtime::CalleeSaveType(i);
   1027       if (!HasCalleeSaveMethod(type)) {
   1028         SetCalleeSaveMethod(CreateCalleeSaveMethod(), type);
   1029       }
   1030     }
   1031   }
   1032 
   1033   CHECK(class_linker_ != nullptr);
   1034 
   1035   // Initialize the special sentinel_ value early.
   1036   sentinel_ = GcRoot<mirror::Object>(class_linker_->AllocObject(self));
   1037   CHECK(sentinel_.Read() != nullptr);
   1038 
   1039   verifier::MethodVerifier::Init();
   1040 
   1041   if (runtime_options.Exists(Opt::MethodTrace)) {
   1042     trace_config_.reset(new TraceConfig());
   1043     trace_config_->trace_file = runtime_options.ReleaseOrDefault(Opt::MethodTraceFile);
   1044     trace_config_->trace_file_size = runtime_options.ReleaseOrDefault(Opt::MethodTraceFileSize);
   1045     trace_config_->trace_mode = Trace::TraceMode::kMethodTracing;
   1046     trace_config_->trace_output_mode = runtime_options.Exists(Opt::MethodTraceStreaming) ?
   1047         Trace::TraceOutputMode::kStreaming :
   1048         Trace::TraceOutputMode::kFile;
   1049   }
   1050 
   1051   {
   1052     auto&& profiler_options = runtime_options.ReleaseOrDefault(Opt::ProfilerOpts);
   1053     profile_output_filename_ = profiler_options.output_file_name_;
   1054 
   1055     // TODO: Don't do this, just change ProfilerOptions to include the output file name?
   1056     ProfilerOptions other_options(
   1057         profiler_options.enabled_,
   1058         profiler_options.period_s_,
   1059         profiler_options.duration_s_,
   1060         profiler_options.interval_us_,
   1061         profiler_options.backoff_coefficient_,
   1062         profiler_options.start_immediately_,
   1063         profiler_options.top_k_threshold_,
   1064         profiler_options.top_k_change_threshold_,
   1065         profiler_options.profile_type_,
   1066         profiler_options.max_stack_depth_);
   1067 
   1068     profiler_options_ = other_options;
   1069   }
   1070 
   1071   // TODO: move this to just be an Trace::Start argument
   1072   Trace::SetDefaultClockSource(runtime_options.GetOrDefault(Opt::ProfileClock));
   1073 
   1074   // Pre-allocate an OutOfMemoryError for the double-OOME case.
   1075   self->ThrowNewException("Ljava/lang/OutOfMemoryError;",
   1076                           "OutOfMemoryError thrown while trying to throw OutOfMemoryError; "
   1077                           "no stack trace available");
   1078   pre_allocated_OutOfMemoryError_ = GcRoot<mirror::Throwable>(self->GetException());
   1079   self->ClearException();
   1080 
   1081   // Pre-allocate a NoClassDefFoundError for the common case of failing to find a system class
   1082   // ahead of checking the application's class loader.
   1083   self->ThrowNewException("Ljava/lang/NoClassDefFoundError;",
   1084                           "Class not found using the boot class loader; no stack trace available");
   1085   pre_allocated_NoClassDefFoundError_ = GcRoot<mirror::Throwable>(self->GetException());
   1086   self->ClearException();
   1087 
   1088   // Look for a native bridge.
   1089   //
   1090   // The intended flow here is, in the case of a running system:
   1091   //
   1092   // Runtime::Init() (zygote):
   1093   //   LoadNativeBridge -> dlopen from cmd line parameter.
   1094   //  |
   1095   //  V
   1096   // Runtime::Start() (zygote):
   1097   //   No-op wrt native bridge.
   1098   //  |
   1099   //  | start app
   1100   //  V
   1101   // DidForkFromZygote(action)
   1102   //   action = kUnload -> dlclose native bridge.
   1103   //   action = kInitialize -> initialize library
   1104   //
   1105   //
   1106   // The intended flow here is, in the case of a simple dalvikvm call:
   1107   //
   1108   // Runtime::Init():
   1109   //   LoadNativeBridge -> dlopen from cmd line parameter.
   1110   //  |
   1111   //  V
   1112   // Runtime::Start():
   1113   //   DidForkFromZygote(kInitialize) -> try to initialize any native bridge given.
   1114   //   No-op wrt native bridge.
   1115   {
   1116     std::string native_bridge_file_name = runtime_options.ReleaseOrDefault(Opt::NativeBridge);
   1117     is_native_bridge_loaded_ = LoadNativeBridge(native_bridge_file_name);
   1118   }
   1119 
   1120   VLOG(startup) << "Runtime::Init exiting";
   1121 
   1122   ATRACE_END();
   1123 
   1124   return true;
   1125 }
   1126 
   1127 void Runtime::InitNativeMethods() {
   1128   VLOG(startup) << "Runtime::InitNativeMethods entering";
   1129   Thread* self = Thread::Current();
   1130   JNIEnv* env = self->GetJniEnv();
   1131 
   1132   // Must be in the kNative state for calling native methods (JNI_OnLoad code).
   1133   CHECK_EQ(self->GetState(), kNative);
   1134 
   1135   // First set up JniConstants, which is used by both the runtime's built-in native
   1136   // methods and libcore.
   1137   JniConstants::init(env);
   1138   WellKnownClasses::Init(env);
   1139 
   1140   // Then set up the native methods provided by the runtime itself.
   1141   RegisterRuntimeNativeMethods(env);
   1142 
   1143   // Then set up libcore, which is just a regular JNI library with a regular JNI_OnLoad.
   1144   // Most JNI libraries can just use System.loadLibrary, but libcore can't because it's
   1145   // the library that implements System.loadLibrary!
   1146   {
   1147     std::string reason;
   1148     if (!java_vm_->LoadNativeLibrary(env, "libjavacore.so", nullptr, &reason)) {
   1149       LOG(FATAL) << "LoadNativeLibrary failed for \"libjavacore.so\": " << reason;
   1150     }
   1151   }
   1152 
   1153   // Initialize well known classes that may invoke runtime native methods.
   1154   WellKnownClasses::LateInit(env);
   1155 
   1156   VLOG(startup) << "Runtime::InitNativeMethods exiting";
   1157 }
   1158 
   1159 void Runtime::InitThreadGroups(Thread* self) {
   1160   JNIEnvExt* env = self->GetJniEnv();
   1161   ScopedJniEnvLocalRefState env_state(env);
   1162   main_thread_group_ =
   1163       env->NewGlobalRef(env->GetStaticObjectField(
   1164           WellKnownClasses::java_lang_ThreadGroup,
   1165           WellKnownClasses::java_lang_ThreadGroup_mainThreadGroup));
   1166   CHECK(main_thread_group_ != nullptr || IsAotCompiler());
   1167   system_thread_group_ =
   1168       env->NewGlobalRef(env->GetStaticObjectField(
   1169           WellKnownClasses::java_lang_ThreadGroup,
   1170           WellKnownClasses::java_lang_ThreadGroup_systemThreadGroup));
   1171   CHECK(system_thread_group_ != nullptr || IsAotCompiler());
   1172 }
   1173 
   1174 jobject Runtime::GetMainThreadGroup() const {
   1175   CHECK(main_thread_group_ != nullptr || IsAotCompiler());
   1176   return main_thread_group_;
   1177 }
   1178 
   1179 jobject Runtime::GetSystemThreadGroup() const {
   1180   CHECK(system_thread_group_ != nullptr || IsAotCompiler());
   1181   return system_thread_group_;
   1182 }
   1183 
   1184 jobject Runtime::GetSystemClassLoader() const {
   1185   CHECK(system_class_loader_ != nullptr || IsAotCompiler());
   1186   return system_class_loader_;
   1187 }
   1188 
   1189 void Runtime::RegisterRuntimeNativeMethods(JNIEnv* env) {
   1190   register_dalvik_system_DexFile(env);
   1191   register_dalvik_system_VMDebug(env);
   1192   register_dalvik_system_VMRuntime(env);
   1193   register_dalvik_system_VMStack(env);
   1194   register_dalvik_system_ZygoteHooks(env);
   1195   register_java_lang_Class(env);
   1196   register_java_lang_DexCache(env);
   1197   register_java_lang_Object(env);
   1198   register_java_lang_ref_FinalizerReference(env);
   1199   register_java_lang_reflect_Array(env);
   1200   register_java_lang_reflect_Constructor(env);
   1201   register_java_lang_reflect_Field(env);
   1202   register_java_lang_reflect_Method(env);
   1203   register_java_lang_reflect_Proxy(env);
   1204   register_java_lang_ref_Reference(env);
   1205   register_java_lang_Runtime(env);
   1206   register_java_lang_String(env);
   1207   register_java_lang_StringFactory(env);
   1208   register_java_lang_System(env);
   1209   register_java_lang_Thread(env);
   1210   register_java_lang_Throwable(env);
   1211   register_java_lang_VMClassLoader(env);
   1212   register_java_util_concurrent_atomic_AtomicLong(env);
   1213   register_libcore_util_CharsetUtils(env);
   1214   register_org_apache_harmony_dalvik_ddmc_DdmServer(env);
   1215   register_org_apache_harmony_dalvik_ddmc_DdmVmInternal(env);
   1216   register_sun_misc_Unsafe(env);
   1217 }
   1218 
   1219 void Runtime::DumpForSigQuit(std::ostream& os) {
   1220   GetClassLinker()->DumpForSigQuit(os);
   1221   GetInternTable()->DumpForSigQuit(os);
   1222   GetJavaVM()->DumpForSigQuit(os);
   1223   GetHeap()->DumpForSigQuit(os);
   1224   TrackedAllocators::Dump(os);
   1225   os << "\n";
   1226 
   1227   thread_list_->DumpForSigQuit(os);
   1228   BaseMutex::DumpAll(os);
   1229 }
   1230 
   1231 void Runtime::DumpLockHolders(std::ostream& os) {
   1232   uint64_t mutator_lock_owner = Locks::mutator_lock_->GetExclusiveOwnerTid();
   1233   pid_t thread_list_lock_owner = GetThreadList()->GetLockOwner();
   1234   pid_t classes_lock_owner = GetClassLinker()->GetClassesLockOwner();
   1235   pid_t dex_lock_owner = GetClassLinker()->GetDexLockOwner();
   1236   if ((thread_list_lock_owner | classes_lock_owner | dex_lock_owner) != 0) {
   1237     os << "Mutator lock exclusive owner tid: " << mutator_lock_owner << "\n"
   1238        << "ThreadList lock owner tid: " << thread_list_lock_owner << "\n"
   1239        << "ClassLinker classes lock owner tid: " << classes_lock_owner << "\n"
   1240        << "ClassLinker dex lock owner tid: " << dex_lock_owner << "\n";
   1241   }
   1242 }
   1243 
   1244 void Runtime::SetStatsEnabled(bool new_state) {
   1245   Thread* self = Thread::Current();
   1246   MutexLock mu(self, *Locks::instrument_entrypoints_lock_);
   1247   if (new_state == true) {
   1248     GetStats()->Clear(~0);
   1249     // TODO: wouldn't it make more sense to clear _all_ threads' stats?
   1250     self->GetStats()->Clear(~0);
   1251     if (stats_enabled_ != new_state) {
   1252       GetInstrumentation()->InstrumentQuickAllocEntryPointsLocked();
   1253     }
   1254   } else if (stats_enabled_ != new_state) {
   1255     GetInstrumentation()->UninstrumentQuickAllocEntryPointsLocked();
   1256   }
   1257   stats_enabled_ = new_state;
   1258 }
   1259 
   1260 void Runtime::ResetStats(int kinds) {
   1261   GetStats()->Clear(kinds & 0xffff);
   1262   // TODO: wouldn't it make more sense to clear _all_ threads' stats?
   1263   Thread::Current()->GetStats()->Clear(kinds >> 16);
   1264 }
   1265 
   1266 int32_t Runtime::GetStat(int kind) {
   1267   RuntimeStats* stats;
   1268   if (kind < (1<<16)) {
   1269     stats = GetStats();
   1270   } else {
   1271     stats = Thread::Current()->GetStats();
   1272     kind >>= 16;
   1273   }
   1274   switch (kind) {
   1275   case KIND_ALLOCATED_OBJECTS:
   1276     return stats->allocated_objects;
   1277   case KIND_ALLOCATED_BYTES:
   1278     return stats->allocated_bytes;
   1279   case KIND_FREED_OBJECTS:
   1280     return stats->freed_objects;
   1281   case KIND_FREED_BYTES:
   1282     return stats->freed_bytes;
   1283   case KIND_GC_INVOCATIONS:
   1284     return stats->gc_for_alloc_count;
   1285   case KIND_CLASS_INIT_COUNT:
   1286     return stats->class_init_count;
   1287   case KIND_CLASS_INIT_TIME:
   1288     // Convert ns to us, reduce to 32 bits.
   1289     return static_cast<int>(stats->class_init_time_ns / 1000);
   1290   case KIND_EXT_ALLOCATED_OBJECTS:
   1291   case KIND_EXT_ALLOCATED_BYTES:
   1292   case KIND_EXT_FREED_OBJECTS:
   1293   case KIND_EXT_FREED_BYTES:
   1294     return 0;  // backward compatibility
   1295   default:
   1296     LOG(FATAL) << "Unknown statistic " << kind;
   1297     return -1;  // unreachable
   1298   }
   1299 }
   1300 
   1301 void Runtime::BlockSignals() {
   1302   SignalSet signals;
   1303   signals.Add(SIGPIPE);
   1304   // SIGQUIT is used to dump the runtime's state (including stack traces).
   1305   signals.Add(SIGQUIT);
   1306   // SIGUSR1 is used to initiate a GC.
   1307   signals.Add(SIGUSR1);
   1308   signals.Block();
   1309 }
   1310 
   1311 bool Runtime::AttachCurrentThread(const char* thread_name, bool as_daemon, jobject thread_group,
   1312                                   bool create_peer) {
   1313   return Thread::Attach(thread_name, as_daemon, thread_group, create_peer) != nullptr;
   1314 }
   1315 
   1316 void Runtime::DetachCurrentThread() {
   1317   Thread* self = Thread::Current();
   1318   if (self == nullptr) {
   1319     LOG(FATAL) << "attempting to detach thread that is not attached";
   1320   }
   1321   if (self->HasManagedStack()) {
   1322     LOG(FATAL) << *Thread::Current() << " attempting to detach while still running code";
   1323   }
   1324   thread_list_->Unregister(self);
   1325 }
   1326 
   1327 mirror::Throwable* Runtime::GetPreAllocatedOutOfMemoryError() {
   1328   mirror::Throwable* oome = pre_allocated_OutOfMemoryError_.Read();
   1329   if (oome == nullptr) {
   1330     LOG(ERROR) << "Failed to return pre-allocated OOME";
   1331   }
   1332   return oome;
   1333 }
   1334 
   1335 mirror::Throwable* Runtime::GetPreAllocatedNoClassDefFoundError() {
   1336   mirror::Throwable* ncdfe = pre_allocated_NoClassDefFoundError_.Read();
   1337   if (ncdfe == nullptr) {
   1338     LOG(ERROR) << "Failed to return pre-allocated NoClassDefFoundError";
   1339   }
   1340   return ncdfe;
   1341 }
   1342 
   1343 void Runtime::VisitConstantRoots(RootVisitor* visitor) {
   1344   // Visit the classes held as static in mirror classes, these can be visited concurrently and only
   1345   // need to be visited once per GC since they never change.
   1346   mirror::Class::VisitRoots(visitor);
   1347   mirror::Constructor::VisitRoots(visitor);
   1348   mirror::Reference::VisitRoots(visitor);
   1349   mirror::Method::VisitRoots(visitor);
   1350   mirror::StackTraceElement::VisitRoots(visitor);
   1351   mirror::String::VisitRoots(visitor);
   1352   mirror::Throwable::VisitRoots(visitor);
   1353   mirror::Field::VisitRoots(visitor);
   1354   // Visit all the primitive array types classes.
   1355   mirror::PrimitiveArray<uint8_t>::VisitRoots(visitor);   // BooleanArray
   1356   mirror::PrimitiveArray<int8_t>::VisitRoots(visitor);    // ByteArray
   1357   mirror::PrimitiveArray<uint16_t>::VisitRoots(visitor);  // CharArray
   1358   mirror::PrimitiveArray<double>::VisitRoots(visitor);    // DoubleArray
   1359   mirror::PrimitiveArray<float>::VisitRoots(visitor);     // FloatArray
   1360   mirror::PrimitiveArray<int32_t>::VisitRoots(visitor);   // IntArray
   1361   mirror::PrimitiveArray<int64_t>::VisitRoots(visitor);   // LongArray
   1362   mirror::PrimitiveArray<int16_t>::VisitRoots(visitor);   // ShortArray
   1363   // Visiting the roots of these ArtMethods is not currently required since all the GcRoots are
   1364   // null.
   1365   BufferedRootVisitor<16> buffered_visitor(visitor, RootInfo(kRootVMInternal));
   1366   if (HasResolutionMethod()) {
   1367     resolution_method_->VisitRoots(buffered_visitor);
   1368   }
   1369   if (HasImtConflictMethod()) {
   1370     imt_conflict_method_->VisitRoots(buffered_visitor);
   1371   }
   1372   if (imt_unimplemented_method_ != nullptr) {
   1373     imt_unimplemented_method_->VisitRoots(buffered_visitor);
   1374   }
   1375   for (size_t i = 0; i < kLastCalleeSaveType; ++i) {
   1376     auto* m = reinterpret_cast<ArtMethod*>(callee_save_methods_[i]);
   1377     if (m != nullptr) {
   1378       m->VisitRoots(buffered_visitor);
   1379     }
   1380   }
   1381 }
   1382 
   1383 void Runtime::VisitConcurrentRoots(RootVisitor* visitor, VisitRootFlags flags) {
   1384   intern_table_->VisitRoots(visitor, flags);
   1385   class_linker_->VisitRoots(visitor, flags);
   1386   if ((flags & kVisitRootFlagNewRoots) == 0) {
   1387     // Guaranteed to have no new roots in the constant roots.
   1388     VisitConstantRoots(visitor);
   1389   }
   1390 }
   1391 
   1392 void Runtime::VisitTransactionRoots(RootVisitor* visitor) {
   1393   if (preinitialization_transaction_ != nullptr) {
   1394     preinitialization_transaction_->VisitRoots(visitor);
   1395   }
   1396 }
   1397 
   1398 void Runtime::VisitNonThreadRoots(RootVisitor* visitor) {
   1399   java_vm_->VisitRoots(visitor);
   1400   sentinel_.VisitRootIfNonNull(visitor, RootInfo(kRootVMInternal));
   1401   pre_allocated_OutOfMemoryError_.VisitRootIfNonNull(visitor, RootInfo(kRootVMInternal));
   1402   pre_allocated_NoClassDefFoundError_.VisitRootIfNonNull(visitor, RootInfo(kRootVMInternal));
   1403   verifier::MethodVerifier::VisitStaticRoots(visitor);
   1404   VisitTransactionRoots(visitor);
   1405 }
   1406 
   1407 void Runtime::VisitNonConcurrentRoots(RootVisitor* visitor) {
   1408   thread_list_->VisitRoots(visitor);
   1409   VisitNonThreadRoots(visitor);
   1410 }
   1411 
   1412 void Runtime::VisitThreadRoots(RootVisitor* visitor) {
   1413   thread_list_->VisitRoots(visitor);
   1414 }
   1415 
   1416 size_t Runtime::FlipThreadRoots(Closure* thread_flip_visitor, Closure* flip_callback,
   1417                                 gc::collector::GarbageCollector* collector) {
   1418   return thread_list_->FlipThreadRoots(thread_flip_visitor, flip_callback, collector);
   1419 }
   1420 
   1421 void Runtime::VisitRoots(RootVisitor* visitor, VisitRootFlags flags) {
   1422   VisitNonConcurrentRoots(visitor);
   1423   VisitConcurrentRoots(visitor, flags);
   1424 }
   1425 
   1426 void Runtime::VisitImageRoots(RootVisitor* visitor) {
   1427   for (auto* space : GetHeap()->GetContinuousSpaces()) {
   1428     if (space->IsImageSpace()) {
   1429       auto* image_space = space->AsImageSpace();
   1430       const auto& image_header = image_space->GetImageHeader();
   1431       for (size_t i = 0; i < ImageHeader::kImageRootsMax; ++i) {
   1432         auto* obj = image_header.GetImageRoot(static_cast<ImageHeader::ImageRoot>(i));
   1433         if (obj != nullptr) {
   1434           auto* after_obj = obj;
   1435           visitor->VisitRoot(&after_obj, RootInfo(kRootStickyClass));
   1436           CHECK_EQ(after_obj, obj);
   1437         }
   1438       }
   1439     }
   1440   }
   1441 }
   1442 
   1443 ArtMethod* Runtime::CreateImtConflictMethod() {
   1444   auto* method = Runtime::Current()->GetClassLinker()->CreateRuntimeMethod();
   1445   // When compiling, the code pointer will get set later when the image is loaded.
   1446   if (IsAotCompiler()) {
   1447     size_t pointer_size = GetInstructionSetPointerSize(instruction_set_);
   1448     method->SetEntryPointFromQuickCompiledCodePtrSize(nullptr, pointer_size);
   1449   } else {
   1450     method->SetEntryPointFromQuickCompiledCode(GetQuickImtConflictStub());
   1451   }
   1452   return method;
   1453 }
   1454 
   1455 void Runtime::SetImtConflictMethod(ArtMethod* method) {
   1456   CHECK(method != nullptr);
   1457   CHECK(method->IsRuntimeMethod());
   1458   imt_conflict_method_ = method;
   1459 }
   1460 
   1461 ArtMethod* Runtime::CreateResolutionMethod() {
   1462   auto* method = Runtime::Current()->GetClassLinker()->CreateRuntimeMethod();
   1463   // When compiling, the code pointer will get set later when the image is loaded.
   1464   if (IsAotCompiler()) {
   1465     size_t pointer_size = GetInstructionSetPointerSize(instruction_set_);
   1466     method->SetEntryPointFromQuickCompiledCodePtrSize(nullptr, pointer_size);
   1467   } else {
   1468     method->SetEntryPointFromQuickCompiledCode(GetQuickResolutionStub());
   1469   }
   1470   return method;
   1471 }
   1472 
   1473 ArtMethod* Runtime::CreateCalleeSaveMethod() {
   1474   auto* method = Runtime::Current()->GetClassLinker()->CreateRuntimeMethod();
   1475   size_t pointer_size = GetInstructionSetPointerSize(instruction_set_);
   1476   method->SetEntryPointFromQuickCompiledCodePtrSize(nullptr, pointer_size);
   1477   DCHECK_NE(instruction_set_, kNone);
   1478   DCHECK(method->IsRuntimeMethod());
   1479   return method;
   1480 }
   1481 
   1482 void Runtime::DisallowNewSystemWeaks() {
   1483   monitor_list_->DisallowNewMonitors();
   1484   intern_table_->DisallowNewInterns();
   1485   java_vm_->DisallowNewWeakGlobals();
   1486 }
   1487 
   1488 void Runtime::AllowNewSystemWeaks() {
   1489   monitor_list_->AllowNewMonitors();
   1490   intern_table_->AllowNewInterns();
   1491   java_vm_->AllowNewWeakGlobals();
   1492 }
   1493 
   1494 void Runtime::EnsureNewSystemWeaksDisallowed() {
   1495   // Lock and unlock the system weak locks once to ensure that no
   1496   // threads are still in the middle of adding new system weaks.
   1497   monitor_list_->EnsureNewMonitorsDisallowed();
   1498   intern_table_->EnsureNewInternsDisallowed();
   1499   java_vm_->EnsureNewWeakGlobalsDisallowed();
   1500 }
   1501 
   1502 void Runtime::SetInstructionSet(InstructionSet instruction_set) {
   1503   instruction_set_ = instruction_set;
   1504   if ((instruction_set_ == kThumb2) || (instruction_set_ == kArm)) {
   1505     for (int i = 0; i != kLastCalleeSaveType; ++i) {
   1506       CalleeSaveType type = static_cast<CalleeSaveType>(i);
   1507       callee_save_method_frame_infos_[i] = arm::ArmCalleeSaveMethodFrameInfo(type);
   1508     }
   1509   } else if (instruction_set_ == kMips) {
   1510     for (int i = 0; i != kLastCalleeSaveType; ++i) {
   1511       CalleeSaveType type = static_cast<CalleeSaveType>(i);
   1512       callee_save_method_frame_infos_[i] = mips::MipsCalleeSaveMethodFrameInfo(type);
   1513     }
   1514   } else if (instruction_set_ == kMips64) {
   1515     for (int i = 0; i != kLastCalleeSaveType; ++i) {
   1516       CalleeSaveType type = static_cast<CalleeSaveType>(i);
   1517       callee_save_method_frame_infos_[i] = mips64::Mips64CalleeSaveMethodFrameInfo(type);
   1518     }
   1519   } else if (instruction_set_ == kX86) {
   1520     for (int i = 0; i != kLastCalleeSaveType; ++i) {
   1521       CalleeSaveType type = static_cast<CalleeSaveType>(i);
   1522       callee_save_method_frame_infos_[i] = x86::X86CalleeSaveMethodFrameInfo(type);
   1523     }
   1524   } else if (instruction_set_ == kX86_64) {
   1525     for (int i = 0; i != kLastCalleeSaveType; ++i) {
   1526       CalleeSaveType type = static_cast<CalleeSaveType>(i);
   1527       callee_save_method_frame_infos_[i] = x86_64::X86_64CalleeSaveMethodFrameInfo(type);
   1528     }
   1529   } else if (instruction_set_ == kArm64) {
   1530     for (int i = 0; i != kLastCalleeSaveType; ++i) {
   1531       CalleeSaveType type = static_cast<CalleeSaveType>(i);
   1532       callee_save_method_frame_infos_[i] = arm64::Arm64CalleeSaveMethodFrameInfo(type);
   1533     }
   1534   } else {
   1535     UNIMPLEMENTED(FATAL) << instruction_set_;
   1536   }
   1537 }
   1538 
   1539 void Runtime::SetCalleeSaveMethod(ArtMethod* method, CalleeSaveType type) {
   1540   DCHECK_LT(static_cast<int>(type), static_cast<int>(kLastCalleeSaveType));
   1541   CHECK(method != nullptr);
   1542   callee_save_methods_[type] = reinterpret_cast<uintptr_t>(method);
   1543 }
   1544 
   1545 void Runtime::StartProfiler(const char* profile_output_filename) {
   1546   profile_output_filename_ = profile_output_filename;
   1547   profiler_started_ =
   1548       BackgroundMethodSamplingProfiler::Start(profile_output_filename_, profiler_options_);
   1549 }
   1550 
   1551 // Transaction support.
   1552 void Runtime::EnterTransactionMode(Transaction* transaction) {
   1553   DCHECK(IsAotCompiler());
   1554   DCHECK(transaction != nullptr);
   1555   DCHECK(!IsActiveTransaction());
   1556   preinitialization_transaction_ = transaction;
   1557 }
   1558 
   1559 void Runtime::ExitTransactionMode() {
   1560   DCHECK(IsAotCompiler());
   1561   DCHECK(IsActiveTransaction());
   1562   preinitialization_transaction_ = nullptr;
   1563 }
   1564 
   1565 bool Runtime::IsTransactionAborted() const {
   1566   if (!IsActiveTransaction()) {
   1567     return false;
   1568   } else {
   1569     DCHECK(IsAotCompiler());
   1570     return preinitialization_transaction_->IsAborted();
   1571   }
   1572 }
   1573 
   1574 void Runtime::AbortTransactionAndThrowAbortError(Thread* self, const std::string& abort_message) {
   1575   DCHECK(IsAotCompiler());
   1576   DCHECK(IsActiveTransaction());
   1577   // Throwing an exception may cause its class initialization. If we mark the transaction
   1578   // aborted before that, we may warn with a false alarm. Throwing the exception before
   1579   // marking the transaction aborted avoids that.
   1580   preinitialization_transaction_->ThrowAbortError(self, &abort_message);
   1581   preinitialization_transaction_->Abort(abort_message);
   1582 }
   1583 
   1584 void Runtime::ThrowTransactionAbortError(Thread* self) {
   1585   DCHECK(IsAotCompiler());
   1586   DCHECK(IsActiveTransaction());
   1587   // Passing nullptr means we rethrow an exception with the earlier transaction abort message.
   1588   preinitialization_transaction_->ThrowAbortError(self, nullptr);
   1589 }
   1590 
   1591 void Runtime::RecordWriteFieldBoolean(mirror::Object* obj, MemberOffset field_offset,
   1592                                       uint8_t value, bool is_volatile) const {
   1593   DCHECK(IsAotCompiler());
   1594   DCHECK(IsActiveTransaction());
   1595   preinitialization_transaction_->RecordWriteFieldBoolean(obj, field_offset, value, is_volatile);
   1596 }
   1597 
   1598 void Runtime::RecordWriteFieldByte(mirror::Object* obj, MemberOffset field_offset,
   1599                                    int8_t value, bool is_volatile) const {
   1600   DCHECK(IsAotCompiler());
   1601   DCHECK(IsActiveTransaction());
   1602   preinitialization_transaction_->RecordWriteFieldByte(obj, field_offset, value, is_volatile);
   1603 }
   1604 
   1605 void Runtime::RecordWriteFieldChar(mirror::Object* obj, MemberOffset field_offset,
   1606                                    uint16_t value, bool is_volatile) const {
   1607   DCHECK(IsAotCompiler());
   1608   DCHECK(IsActiveTransaction());
   1609   preinitialization_transaction_->RecordWriteFieldChar(obj, field_offset, value, is_volatile);
   1610 }
   1611 
   1612 void Runtime::RecordWriteFieldShort(mirror::Object* obj, MemberOffset field_offset,
   1613                                     int16_t value, bool is_volatile) const {
   1614   DCHECK(IsAotCompiler());
   1615   DCHECK(IsActiveTransaction());
   1616   preinitialization_transaction_->RecordWriteFieldShort(obj, field_offset, value, is_volatile);
   1617 }
   1618 
   1619 void Runtime::RecordWriteField32(mirror::Object* obj, MemberOffset field_offset,
   1620                                  uint32_t value, bool is_volatile) const {
   1621   DCHECK(IsAotCompiler());
   1622   DCHECK(IsActiveTransaction());
   1623   preinitialization_transaction_->RecordWriteField32(obj, field_offset, value, is_volatile);
   1624 }
   1625 
   1626 void Runtime::RecordWriteField64(mirror::Object* obj, MemberOffset field_offset,
   1627                                  uint64_t value, bool is_volatile) const {
   1628   DCHECK(IsAotCompiler());
   1629   DCHECK(IsActiveTransaction());
   1630   preinitialization_transaction_->RecordWriteField64(obj, field_offset, value, is_volatile);
   1631 }
   1632 
   1633 void Runtime::RecordWriteFieldReference(mirror::Object* obj, MemberOffset field_offset,
   1634                                         mirror::Object* value, bool is_volatile) const {
   1635   DCHECK(IsAotCompiler());
   1636   DCHECK(IsActiveTransaction());
   1637   preinitialization_transaction_->RecordWriteFieldReference(obj, field_offset, value, is_volatile);
   1638 }
   1639 
   1640 void Runtime::RecordWriteArray(mirror::Array* array, size_t index, uint64_t value) const {
   1641   DCHECK(IsAotCompiler());
   1642   DCHECK(IsActiveTransaction());
   1643   preinitialization_transaction_->RecordWriteArray(array, index, value);
   1644 }
   1645 
   1646 void Runtime::RecordStrongStringInsertion(mirror::String* s) const {
   1647   DCHECK(IsAotCompiler());
   1648   DCHECK(IsActiveTransaction());
   1649   preinitialization_transaction_->RecordStrongStringInsertion(s);
   1650 }
   1651 
   1652 void Runtime::RecordWeakStringInsertion(mirror::String* s) const {
   1653   DCHECK(IsAotCompiler());
   1654   DCHECK(IsActiveTransaction());
   1655   preinitialization_transaction_->RecordWeakStringInsertion(s);
   1656 }
   1657 
   1658 void Runtime::RecordStrongStringRemoval(mirror::String* s) const {
   1659   DCHECK(IsAotCompiler());
   1660   DCHECK(IsActiveTransaction());
   1661   preinitialization_transaction_->RecordStrongStringRemoval(s);
   1662 }
   1663 
   1664 void Runtime::RecordWeakStringRemoval(mirror::String* s) const {
   1665   DCHECK(IsAotCompiler());
   1666   DCHECK(IsActiveTransaction());
   1667   preinitialization_transaction_->RecordWeakStringRemoval(s);
   1668 }
   1669 
   1670 void Runtime::SetFaultMessage(const std::string& message) {
   1671   MutexLock mu(Thread::Current(), fault_message_lock_);
   1672   fault_message_ = message;
   1673 }
   1674 
   1675 void Runtime::AddCurrentRuntimeFeaturesAsDex2OatArguments(std::vector<std::string>* argv)
   1676     const {
   1677   if (GetInstrumentation()->InterpretOnly() || UseJit()) {
   1678     argv->push_back("--compiler-filter=interpret-only");
   1679   }
   1680 
   1681   // Make the dex2oat instruction set match that of the launching runtime. If we have multiple
   1682   // architecture support, dex2oat may be compiled as a different instruction-set than that
   1683   // currently being executed.
   1684   std::string instruction_set("--instruction-set=");
   1685   instruction_set += GetInstructionSetString(kRuntimeISA);
   1686   argv->push_back(instruction_set);
   1687 
   1688   std::unique_ptr<const InstructionSetFeatures> features(InstructionSetFeatures::FromCppDefines());
   1689   std::string feature_string("--instruction-set-features=");
   1690   feature_string += features->GetFeatureString();
   1691   argv->push_back(feature_string);
   1692 }
   1693 
   1694 void Runtime::UpdateProfilerState(int state) {
   1695   VLOG(profiler) << "Profiler state updated to " << state;
   1696 }
   1697 
   1698 void Runtime::CreateJit() {
   1699   CHECK(!IsAotCompiler());
   1700   if (GetInstrumentation()->IsForcedInterpretOnly()) {
   1701     // Don't create JIT if forced interpret only.
   1702     return;
   1703   }
   1704   std::string error_msg;
   1705   jit_.reset(jit::Jit::Create(jit_options_.get(), &error_msg));
   1706   if (jit_.get() != nullptr) {
   1707     compiler_callbacks_ = jit_->GetCompilerCallbacks();
   1708     jit_->CreateInstrumentationCache(jit_options_->GetCompileThreshold());
   1709     jit_->CreateThreadPool();
   1710   } else {
   1711     LOG(WARNING) << "Failed to create JIT " << error_msg;
   1712   }
   1713 }
   1714 
   1715 bool Runtime::CanRelocate() const {
   1716   return !IsAotCompiler() || compiler_callbacks_->IsRelocationPossible();
   1717 }
   1718 
   1719 bool Runtime::IsCompilingBootImage() const {
   1720   return IsCompiler() && compiler_callbacks_->IsBootImage();
   1721 }
   1722 
   1723 void Runtime::SetResolutionMethod(ArtMethod* method) {
   1724   CHECK(method != nullptr);
   1725   CHECK(method->IsRuntimeMethod()) << method;
   1726   resolution_method_ = method;
   1727 }
   1728 
   1729 void Runtime::SetImtUnimplementedMethod(ArtMethod* method) {
   1730   CHECK(method != nullptr);
   1731   CHECK(method->IsRuntimeMethod());
   1732   imt_unimplemented_method_ = method;
   1733 }
   1734 
   1735 }  // namespace art
   1736