Lines Matching refs:trailing
18 'calls': '\nCalls\n*****\n\nA call calls a callable object (e.g., a *function*) with a possibly\nempty series of *arguments*:\n\n call ::= primary "(" [argument_list [","]\n | expression genexpr_for] ")"\n argument_list ::= positional_arguments ["," keyword_arguments]\n ["," "*" expression] ["," keyword_arguments]\n ["," "**" expression]\n | keyword_arguments ["," "*" expression]\n ["," "**" expression]\n | "*" expression ["," "*" expression] ["," "**" expression]\n | "**" expression\n positional_arguments ::= expression ("," expression)*\n keyword_arguments ::= keyword_item ("," keyword_item)*\n keyword_item ::= identifier "=" expression\n\nA trailing comma may be present after the positional and keyword\narguments but does not affect the semantics.\n\nThe primary must evaluate to a callable object (user-defined\nfunctions, built-in functions, methods of built-in objects, class\nobjects, methods of class instances, and certain class instances\nthemselves are callable; extensions may define additional callable\nobject types). All argument expressions are evaluated before the call\nis attempted. Please refer to section *Function definitions* for the\nsyntax of formal *parameter* lists.\n\nIf keyword arguments are present, they are first converted to\npositional arguments, as follows. First, a list of unfilled slots is\ncreated for the formal parameters. If there are N positional\narguments, they are placed in the first N slots. Next, for each\nkeyword argument, the identifier is used to determine the\ncorresponding slot (if the identifier is the same as the first formal\nparameter name, the first slot is used, and so on). If the slot is\nalready filled, a ``TypeError`` exception is raised. Otherwise, the\nvalue of the argument is placed in the slot, filling it (even if the\nexpression is ``None``, it fills the slot). When all arguments have\nbeen processed, the slots that are still unfilled are filled with the\ncorresponding default value from the function definition. (Default\nvalues are calculated, once, when the function is defined; thus, a\nmutable object such as a list or dictionary used as default value will\nbe shared by all calls that don\'t specify an argument value for the\ncorresponding slot; this should usually be avoided.) If there are any\nunfilled slots for which no default value is specified, a\n``TypeError`` exception is raised. Otherwise, the list of filled\nslots is used as the argument list for the call.\n\n**CPython implementation detail:** An implementation may provide\nbuilt-in functions whose positional parameters do not have names, even\nif they are \'named\' for the purpose of documentation, and which\ntherefore cannot be supplied by keyword. In CPython, this is the case\nfor functions implemented in C that use ``PyArg_ParseTuple()`` to\nparse their arguments.\n\nIf there are more positional arguments than there are formal parameter\nslots, a ``TypeError`` exception is raised, unless a formal parameter\nusing the syntax ``*identifier`` is present; in this case, that formal\nparameter receives a tuple containing the excess positional arguments\n(or an empty tuple if there were no excess positional arguments).\n\nIf any keyword argument does not correspond to a formal parameter\nname, a ``TypeError`` exception is raised, unless a formal parameter\nusing the syntax ``**identifier`` is present; in this case, that\nformal parameter receives a dictionary containing the excess keyword\narguments (using the keywords as keys and the argument values as\ncorresponding values), or a (new) empty dictionary if there were no\nexcess keyword arguments.\n\nIf the syntax ``*expression`` appears in the function call,\n``expression`` must evaluate to an iterable. Elements from this\niterable are treated as if they were additional positional arguments;\nif there are positional arguments *x1*, ..., *xN*, and ``expression``\nevaluates to a sequence *y1*, ..., *yM*, this is equivalent to a call\nwith M+N positional arguments *x1*, ..., *xN*, *y1*, ..., *yM*.\n\nA consequence of this is that although the ``*expression`` syntax may\nappear *after* some keyword arguments, it is processed *before* the\nkeyword arguments (and the ``**expression`` argument, if any -- see\nbelow). So:\n\n >>> def f(a, b):\n ... print a, b\n ...\n >>> f(b=1, *(2,))\n 2 1\n >>> f(a=1, *(2,))\n Traceback (most recent call last):\n File "<stdin>", line 1, in ?\n TypeError: f() got multiple values for keyword argument \'a\'\n >>> f(1, *(2,))\n 1 2\n\nIt is unusual for both keyword arguments and the ``*expression``\nsyntax to be used in the same call, so in practice this confusion does\nnot arise.\n\nIf the syntax ``**expression`` appears in the function call,\n``expression`` must evaluate to a mapping, the contents of which are\ntreated as additional keyword arguments. In the case of a keyword\nappearing in both ``expression`` and as an explicit keyword argument,\na ``TypeError`` exception is raised.\n\nFormal parameters using the syntax ``*identifier`` or ``**identifier``\ncannot be used as positional argument slots or as keyword argument\nnames. Formal parameters using the syntax ``(sublist)`` cannot be\nused as keyword argument names; the outermost sublist corresponds to a\nsingle unnamed argument slot, and the argument value is assigned to\nthe sublist using the usual tuple assignment rules after all other\nparameter processing is done.\n\nA call always returns some value, possibly ``None``, unless it raises\nan exception. How this value is computed depends on the type of the\ncallable object.\n\nIf it is---\n\na user-defined function:\n The code block for the function is executed, passing it the\n argument list. The first thing the code block will do is bind the\n formal parameters to the arguments; this is described in section\n *Function definitions*. When the code block executes a ``return``\n statement, this specifies the return value of the function call.\n\na built-in function or method:\n The result is up to the interpreter; see *Built-in Functions* for\n the descriptions of built-in functions and methods.\n\na class object:\n A new instance of that class is returned.\n\na class instance method:\n The corresponding user-defined function is called, with an argument\n list that is one longer than the argument list of the call: the\n instance becomes the first argument.\n\na class instance:\n The class must define a ``__call__()`` method; the effect is then\n the same as if that method was called.\n',
33 'exprlists': '\nExpression lists\n****************\n\n expression_list ::= expression ( "," expression )* [","]\n\nAn expression list containing at least one comma yields a tuple. The\nlength of the tuple is the number of expressions in the list. The\nexpressions are evaluated from left to right.\n\nThe trailing comma is required only to create a single tuple (a.k.a. a\n*singleton*); it is optional in all other cases. A single expression\nwithout a trailing comma doesn\'t create a tuple, but rather yields the\nvalue of that expression. (To create an empty tuple, use an empty pair\nof parentheses: ``()``.)\n',
36 trailing
59 'slicings': '\nSlicings\n********\n\nA slicing selects a range of items in a sequence object (e.g., a\nstring, tuple or list). Slicings may be used as expressions or as\ntargets in assignment or ``del`` statements. The syntax for a\nslicing:\n\n slicing ::= simple_slicing | extended_slicing\n simple_slicing ::= primary "[" short_slice "]"\n extended_slicing ::= primary "[" slice_list "]"\n slice_list ::= slice_item ("," slice_item)* [","]\n slice_item ::= expression | proper_slice | ellipsis\n proper_slice ::= short_slice | long_slice\n short_slice ::= [lower_bound] ":" [upper_bound]\n long_slice ::= short_slice ":" [stride]\n lower_bound ::= expression\n upper_bound ::= expression\n stride ::= expression\n ellipsis ::= "..."\n\nThere is ambiguity in the formal syntax here: anything that looks like\nan expression list also looks like a slice list, so any subscription\ncan be interpreted as a slicing. Rather than further complicating the\nsyntax, this is disambiguated by defining that in this case the\ninterpretation as a subscription takes priority over the\ninterpretation as a slicing (this is the case if the slice list\ncontains no proper slice nor ellipses). Similarly, when the slice\nlist has exactly one short slice and no trailing comma, the\ninterpretation as a simple slicing takes priority over that as an\nextended slicing.\n\nThe semantics for a simple slicing are as follows. The primary must\nevaluate to a sequence object. The lower and upper bound expressions,\nif present, must evaluate to plain integers; defaults are zero and the\n``sys.maxint``, respectively. If either bound is negative, the\nsequence\'s length is added to it. The slicing now selects all items\nwith index *k* such that ``i <= k < j`` where *i* and *j* are the\nspecified lower and upper bounds. This may be an empty sequence. It\nis not an error if *i* or *j* lie outside the range of valid indexes\n(such items don\'t exist so they aren\'t selected).\n\nThe semantics for an extended slicing are as follows. The primary\nmust evaluate to a mapping object, and it is indexed with a key that\nis constructed from the slice list, as follows. If the slice list\ncontains at least one comma, the key is a tuple containing the\nconversion of the slice items; otherwise, the conversion of the lone\nslice item is the key. The conversion of a slice item that is an\nexpression is that expression. The conversion of an ellipsis slice\nitem is the built-in ``Ellipsis`` object. The conversion of a proper\nslice is a slice object (see section *The standard type hierarchy*)\nwhose ``start``, ``stop`` and ``step`` attributes are the values of\nthe expressions given as lower bound, upper bound and stride,\nrespectively, substituting ``None`` for missing expressions.\n',
62 'string-methods': '\nString Methods\n**************\n\nBelow are listed the string methods which both 8-bit strings and\nUnicode objects support. Some of them are also available on\n``bytearray`` objects.\n\nIn addition, Python\'s strings support the sequence type methods\ndescribed in the *Sequence Types --- str, unicode, list, tuple,\nbytearray, buffer, xrange* section. To output formatted strings use\ntemplate strings or the ``%`` operator described in the *String\nFormatting Operations* section. Also, see the ``re`` module for string\nfunctions based on regular expressions.\n\nstr.capitalize()\n\n Return a copy of the string with its first character capitalized\n and the rest lowercased.\n\n For 8-bit strings, this method is locale-dependent.\n\nstr.center(width[, fillchar])\n\n Return centered in a string of length *width*. Padding is done\n using the specified *fillchar* (default is a space).\n\n Changed in version 2.4: Support for the *fillchar* argument.\n\nstr.count(sub[, start[, end]])\n\n Return the number of non-overlapping occurrences of substring *sub*\n in the range [*start*, *end*]. Optional arguments *start* and\n *end* are interpreted as in slice notation.\n\nstr.decode([encoding[, errors]])\n\n Decodes the string using the codec registered for *encoding*.\n *encoding* defaults to the default string encoding. *errors* may\n be given to set a different error handling scheme. The default is\n ``\'strict\'``, meaning that encoding errors raise ``UnicodeError``.\n Other possible values are ``\'ignore\'``, ``\'replace\'`` and any other\n name registered via ``codecs.register_error()``, see section *Codec\n Base Classes*.\n\n New in version 2.2.\n\n Changed in version 2.3: Support for other error handling schemes\n added.\n\n Changed in version 2.7: Support for keyword arguments added.\n\nstr.encode([encoding[, errors]])\n\n Return an encoded version of the string. Default encoding is the\n current default string encoding. *errors* may be given to set a\n different error handling scheme. The default for *errors* is\n ``\'strict\'``, meaning that encoding errors raise a\n ``UnicodeError``. Other possible values are ``\'ignore\'``,\n ``\'replace\'``, ``\'xmlcharrefreplace\'``, ``\'backslashreplace\'`` and\n any other name registered via ``codecs.register_error()``, see\n section *Codec Base Classes*. For a list of possible encodings, see\n section *Standard Encodings*.\n\n New in version 2.0.\n\n Changed in version 2.3: Support for ``\'xmlcharrefreplace\'`` and\n ``\'backslashreplace\'`` and other error handling schemes added.\n\n Changed in version 2.7: Support for keyword arguments added.\n\nstr.endswith(suffix[, start[, end]])\n\n Return ``True`` if the string ends with the specified *suffix*,\n otherwise return ``False``. *suffix* can also be a tuple of\n suffixes to look for. With optional *start*, test beginning at\n that position. With optional *end*, stop comparing at that\n position.\n\n Changed in version 2.5: Accept tuples as *suffix*.\n\nstr.expandtabs([tabsize])\n\n Return a copy of the string where all tab characters are replaced\n by one or more spaces, depending on the current column and the\n given tab size. Tab positions occur every *tabsize* characters\n (default is 8, giving tab positions at columns 0, 8, 16 and so on).\n To expand the string, the current column is set to zero and the\n string is examined character by character. If the character is a\n tab (``\\t``), one or more space characters are inserted in the\n result until the current column is equal to the next tab position.\n (The tab character itself is not copied.) If the character is a\n newline (``\\n``) or return (``\\r``), it is copied and the current\n column is reset to zero. Any other character is copied unchanged\n and the current column is incremented by one regardless of how the\n character is represented when printed.\n\n >>> \'01\\t012\\t0123\\t01234\'.expandtabs()\n \'01 012 0123 01234\'\n >>> \'01\\t012\\t0123\\t01234\'.expandtabs(4)\n \'01 012 0123 01234\'\n\nstr.find(sub[, start[, end]])\n\n Return the lowest index in the string where substring *sub* is\n found, such that *sub* is contained in the slice ``s[start:end]``.\n Optional arguments *start* and *end* are interpreted as in slice\n notation. Return ``-1`` if *sub* is not found.\n\n Note: The ``find()`` method should be used only if you need to know the\n position of *sub*. To check if *sub* is a substring or not, use\n the ``in`` operator:\n\n >>> \'Py\' in \'Python\'\n True\n\nstr.format(*args, **kwargs)\n\n Perform a string formatting operation. The string on which this\n method is called can contain literal text or replacement fields\n delimited by braces ``{}``. Each replacement field contains either\n the numeric index of a positional argument, or the name of a\n keyword argument. Returns a copy of the string where each\n replacement field is replaced with the string value of the\n corresponding argument.\n\n >>> "The sum of 1 + 2 is {0}".format(1+2)\n \'The sum of 1 + 2 is 3\'\n\n See *Format String Syntax* for a description of the various\n formatting options that can be specified in format strings.\n\n This method of string formatting is the new standard in Python 3,\n and should be preferred to the ``%`` formatting described in\n *String Formatting Operations* in new code.\n\n New in version 2.6.\n\nstr.index(sub[, start[, end]])\n\n Like ``find()``, but raise ``ValueError`` when the substring is not\n found.\n\nstr.isalnum()\n\n Return true if all characters in the string are alphanumeric and\n there is at least one character, false otherwise.\n\n For 8-bit strings, this method is locale-dependent.\n\nstr.isalpha()\n\n Return true if all characters in the string are alphabetic and\n there is at least one character, false otherwise.\n\n For 8-bit strings, this method is locale-dependent.\n\nstr.isdigit()\n\n Return true if all characters in the string are digits and there is\n at least one character, false otherwise.\n\n For 8-bit strings, this method is locale-dependent.\n\nstr.islower()\n\n Return true if all cased characters [4] in the string are lowercase\n and there is at least one cased character, false otherwise.\n\n For 8-bit strings, this method is locale-dependent.\n\nstr.isspace()\n\n Return true if there are only whitespace characters in the string\n and there is at least one character, false otherwise.\n\n For 8-bit strings, this method is locale-dependent.\n\nstr.istitle()\n\n Return true if the string is a titlecased string and there is at\n least one character, for example uppercase characters may only\n follow uncased characters and lowercase characters only cased ones.\n Return false otherwise.\n\n For 8-bit strings, this method is locale-dependent.\n\nstr.isupper()\n\n Return true if all cased characters [4] in the string are uppercase\n and there is at least one cased character, false otherwise.\n\n For 8-bit strings, this method is locale-dependent.\n\nstr.join(iterable)\n\n Return a string which is the concatenation of the strings in the\n *iterable* *iterable*. The separator between elements is the\n string providing this method.\n\nstr.ljust(width[, fillchar])\n\n Return the string left justified in a string of length *width*.\n Padding is done using the specified *fillchar* (default is a\n space). The original string is returned if *width* is less than or\n equal to ``len(s)``.\n\n Changed in version 2.4: Support for the *fillchar* argument.\n\nstr.lower()\n\n Return a copy of the string with all the cased characters [4]\n converted to lowercase.\n\n For 8-bit strings, this method is locale-dependent.\n\nstr.lstrip([chars])\n\n Return a copy of the string with leading characters removed. The\n *chars* argument is a string specifying the set of characters to be\n removed. If omitted or ``None``, the *chars* argument defaults to\n removing whitespace. The *chars* argument is not a prefix; rather,\n all combinations of its values are stripped:\n\n >>> \' spacious \'.lstrip()\n \'spacious \'\n >>> \'www.example.com\'.lstrip(\'cmowz.\')\n \'example.com\'\n\n Changed in version 2.2.2: Support for the *chars* argument.\n\nstr.partition(sep)\n\n Split the string at the first occurrence of *sep*, and return a\n 3-tuple containing the part before the separator, the separator\n itself, and the part after the separator. If the separator is not\n found, return a 3-tuple containing the string itself, followed by\n two empty strings.\n\n New in version 2.5.\n\nstr.replace(old, new[, count])\n\n Return a copy of the string with all occurrences of substring *old*\n replaced by *new*. If the optional argument *count* is given, only\n the first *count* occurrences are replaced.\n\nstr.rfind(sub[, start[, end]])\n\n Return the highest index in the string where substring *sub* is\n found, such that *sub* is contained within ``s[start:end]``.\n Optional arguments *start* and *end* are interpreted as in slice\n notation. Return ``-1`` on failure.\n\nstr.rindex(sub[, start[, end]])\n\n Like ``rfind()`` but raises ``ValueError`` when the substring *sub*\n is not found.\n\nstr.rjust(width[, fillchar])\n\n Return the string right justified in a string of length *width*.\n Padding is done using the specified *fillchar* (default is a\n space). The original string is returned if *width* is less than or\n equal to ``len(s)``.\n\n Changed in version 2.4: Support for the *fillchar* argument.\n\nstr.rpartition(sep)\n\n Split the string at the last occurrence of *sep*, and return a\n 3-tuple containing the part before the separator, the separator\n itself, and the part after the separator. If the separator is not\n found, return a 3-tuple containing two empty strings, followed by\n the string itself.\n\n New in version 2.5.\n\nstr.rsplit([sep[, maxsplit]])\n\n Return a list of the words in the string, using *sep* as the\n delimiter string. If *maxsplit* is given, at most *maxsplit* splits\n are done, the *rightmost* ones. If *sep* is not specified or\n ``None``, any whitespace string is a separator. Except for\n splitting from the right, ``rsplit()`` behaves like ``split()``\n which is described in detail below.\n\n New in version 2.4.\n\nstr.rstrip([chars])\n\n Return a copy of the string with trailing characters removed. The\n *chars* argument is a string specifying the set of characters to be\n removed. If omitted or ``None``, the *chars* argument defaults to\n removing whitespace. The *chars* argument is not a suffix; rather,\n all combinations of its values are stripped:\n\n >>> \' spacious \'.rstrip()\n \' spacious\'\n >>> \'mississippi\'.rstrip(\'ipz\')\n \'mississ\'\n\n Changed in version 2.2.2: Support for the *chars* argument.\n\nstr.split([sep[, maxsplit]])\n\n Return a list of the words in the string, using *sep* as the\n delimiter string. If *maxsplit* is given, at most *maxsplit*\n splits are done (thus, the list will have at most ``maxsplit+1``\n elements). If *maxsplit* is not specified or ``-1``, then there is\n no limit on the number of splits (all possible splits are made).\n\n If *sep* is given, consecutive delimiters are not grouped together\n and are deemed to delimit empty strings (for example,\n ``\'1,,2\'.split(\',\')`` returns ``[\'1\', \'\', \'2\']``). The *sep*\n argument may consist of multiple characters (for example,\n ``\'1<>2<>3\'.split(\'<>\')`` returns ``[\'1\', \'2\', \'3\']``). Splitting\n an empty string with a specified separator returns ``[\'\']``.\n\n If *sep* is not specified or is ``None``, a different splitting\n algorithm is applied: runs of consecutive whitespace are regarded\n as a single separator, and the result will contain no empty strings\n at the start or end if the string has leading or trailing\n whitespace. Consequently, splitting an empty string or a string\n consisting of just whitespace with a ``None`` separator returns\n ``[]``.\n\n For example, ``\' 1 2 3 \'.split()`` returns ``[\'1\', \'2\', \'3\']``,\n and ``\' 1 2 3 \'.split(None, 1)`` returns ``[\'1\', \'2 3 \']``.\n\nstr.splitlines([keepends])\n\n Return a list of the lines in the string, breaking at line\n boundaries. This method uses the *universal newlines* approach to\n splitting lines. Line breaks are not included in the resulting list\n unless *keepends* is given and true.\n\n For example, ``\'ab c\\n\\nde fg\\rkl\\r\\n\'.splitlines()`` returns\n ``[\'ab c\', \'\', \'de fg\', \'kl\']``, while the same call with\n ``splitlines(True)`` returns ``[\'ab c\\n\', \'\\n\', \'de fg\\r\',\n \'kl\\r\\n\']``.\n\n Unlike ``split()`` when a delimiter string *sep* is given, this\n method returns an empty list for the empty string, and a terminal\n line break does not result in an extra line.\n\nstr.startswith(prefix[, start[, end]])\n\n Return ``True`` if string starts with the *prefix*, otherwise\n return ``False``. *prefix* can also be a tuple of prefixes to look\n for. With optional *start*, test string beginning at that\n position. With optional *end*, stop comparing string at that\n position.\n\n Changed in version 2.5: Accept tuples as *prefix*.\n\nstr.strip([chars])\n\n Return a copy of the string with the leading and trailing
72 'typesseq': '\nSequence Types --- ``str``, ``unicode``, ``list``, ``tuple``, ``bytearray``, ``buffer``, ``xrange``\n***************************************************************************************************\n\nThere are seven sequence types: strings, Unicode strings, lists,\ntuples, bytearrays, buffers, and xrange objects.\n\nFor other containers see the built in ``dict`` and ``set`` classes,\nand the ``collections`` module.\n\nString literals are written in single or double quotes: ``\'xyzzy\'``,\n``"frobozz"``. See *String literals* for more about string literals.\nUnicode strings are much like strings, but are specified in the syntax\nusing a preceding ``\'u\'`` character: ``u\'abc\'``, ``u"def"``. In\naddition to the functionality described here, there are also string-\nspecific methods described in the *String Methods* section. Lists are\nconstructed with square brackets, separating items with commas: ``[a,\nb, c]``. Tuples are constructed by the comma operator (not within\nsquare brackets), with or without enclosing parentheses, but an empty\ntuple must have the enclosing parentheses, such as ``a, b, c`` or\n``()``. A single item tuple must have a trailing to ``len(s)``.\n\n Changed in version 2.4: Support for the *fillchar* argument.\n\nstr.rpartition(sep)\n\n Split the string at the last occurrence of *sep*, and return a\n 3-tuple containing the part before the separator, the separator\n itself, and the part after the separator. If the separator is not\n found, return a 3-tuple containing two empty strings, followed by\n the string itself.\n\n New in version 2.5.\n\nstr.rsplit([sep[, maxsplit]])\n\n Return a list of the words in the string, using *sep* as the\n delimiter string. If *maxsplit* is given, at most *maxsplit* splits\n are done, the *rightmost* ones. If *sep* is not specified or\n ``None``, any whitespace string is a separator. Except for\n splitting from the right, ``rsplit()`` behaves like ``split()``\n which is described in detail below.\n\n New in version 2.4.\n\nstr.rstrip([chars])\n\n Return a copy of the string with trailing characters removed. The\n *chars* argument is a string specifying the set of characters to be\n removed. If omitted or ``None``, the *chars* argument defaults to\n removing whitespace. The *chars* argument is not a suffix; rather,\n all combinations of its values are stripped:\n\n >>> \' spacious \'.rstrip()\n \' spacious\'\n >>> \'mississippi\'.rstrip(\'ipz\')\n \'mississ\'\n\n Changed in version 2.2.2: Support for the *chars* argument.\n\nstr.split([sep[, maxsplit]])\n\n Return a list of the words in the string, using *sep* as the\n delimiter string. If *maxsplit* is given, at most *maxsplit*\n splits are done (thus, the list will have at most ``maxsplit+1``\n elements). If *maxsplit* is not specified or ``-1``, then there is\n no limit on the number of splits (all possible splits are made).\n\n If *sep* is given, consecutive delimiters are not grouped together\n and are deemed to delimit empty strings (for example,\n ``\'1,,2\'.split(\',\')`` returns ``[\'1\', \'\', \'2\']``). The *sep*\n argument may consist of multiple characters (for example,\n ``\'1<>2<>3\'.split(\'<>\')`` returns ``[\'1\', \'2\', \'3\']``). Splitting\n an empty string with a specified separator returns ``[\'\']``.\n\n If *sep* is not specified or is ``None``, a different splitting\n algorithm is applied: runs of consecutive whitespace are regarded\n as a single separator, and the result will contain no empty strings\n at the start or end if the string has leading or trailing\n whitespace. Consequently, splitting an empty string or a string\n consisting of just whitespace with a ``None`` separator returns\n ``[]``.\n\n For example, ``\' 1 2 3 \'.split()`` returns ``[\'1\', \'2\', \'3\']``,\n and ``\' 1 2 3 \'.split(None, 1)`` returns ``[\'1\', \'2 3 \']``.\n\nstr.splitlines([keepends])\n\n Return a list of the lines in the string, breaking at line\n boundaries. This method uses the *universal newlines* approach to\n splitting lines. Line breaks are not included in the resulting list\n unless *keepends* is given and true.\n\n For example, ``\'ab c\\n\\nde fg\\rkl\\r\\n\'.splitlines()`` returns\n ``[\'ab c\', \'\', \'de fg\', \'kl\']``, while the same call with\n ``splitlines(True)`` returns ``[\'ab c\\n\', \'\\n\', \'de fg\\r\',\n \'kl\\r\\n\']``.\n\n Unlike ``split()`` when a delimiter string *sep* is given, this\n method returns an empty list for the empty string, and a terminal\n line break does not result in an extra line.\n\nstr.startswith(prefix[, start[, end]])\n\n Return ``True`` if string starts with the *prefix*, otherwise\n return ``False``. *prefix* can also be a tuple of prefixes to look\n for. With optional *start*, test string beginning at that\n position. With optional *end*, stop comparing string at that\n position.\n\n Changed in version 2.5: Accept tuples as *prefix*.\n\nstr.strip([chars])\n\n Return a copy of the string with the leading and trailingtrailing
