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      1 //===--- ASTTypeTraits.h ----------------------------------------*- C++ -*-===//
      2 //
      3 //                     The LLVM Compiler Infrastructure
      4 //
      5 // This file is distributed under the University of Illinois Open Source
      6 // License. See LICENSE.TXT for details.
      7 //
      8 //===----------------------------------------------------------------------===//
      9 //
     10 //  Provides a dynamic type identifier and a dynamically typed node container
     11 //  that can be used to store an AST base node at runtime in the same storage in
     12 //  a type safe way.
     13 //
     14 //===----------------------------------------------------------------------===//
     15 
     16 #ifndef LLVM_CLANG_AST_ASTTYPETRAITS_H
     17 #define LLVM_CLANG_AST_ASTTYPETRAITS_H
     18 
     19 #include "clang/AST/ASTFwd.h"
     20 #include "clang/AST/Decl.h"
     21 #include "clang/AST/NestedNameSpecifier.h"
     22 #include "clang/AST/Stmt.h"
     23 #include "clang/AST/TemplateBase.h"
     24 #include "clang/AST/TypeLoc.h"
     25 #include "clang/Basic/LLVM.h"
     26 #include "llvm/ADT/DenseMapInfo.h"
     27 #include "llvm/Support/AlignOf.h"
     28 
     29 namespace llvm {
     30 
     31 class raw_ostream;
     32 
     33 }
     34 
     35 namespace clang {
     36 
     37 struct PrintingPolicy;
     38 
     39 namespace ast_type_traits {
     40 
     41 /// \brief Kind identifier.
     42 ///
     43 /// It can be constructed from any node kind and allows for runtime type
     44 /// hierarchy checks.
     45 /// Use getFromNodeKind<T>() to construct them.
     46 class ASTNodeKind {
     47 public:
     48   /// \brief Empty identifier. It matches nothing.
     49   ASTNodeKind() : KindId(NKI_None) {}
     50 
     51   /// \brief Construct an identifier for T.
     52   template <class T>
     53   static ASTNodeKind getFromNodeKind() {
     54     return ASTNodeKind(KindToKindId<T>::Id);
     55   }
     56 
     57   /// \{
     58   /// \brief Construct an identifier for the dynamic type of the node
     59   static ASTNodeKind getFromNode(const Decl &D);
     60   static ASTNodeKind getFromNode(const Stmt &S);
     61   static ASTNodeKind getFromNode(const Type &T);
     62   /// \}
     63 
     64   /// \brief Returns \c true if \c this and \c Other represent the same kind.
     65   bool isSame(ASTNodeKind Other) const;
     66 
     67   /// \brief Returns \c true only for the default \c ASTNodeKind()
     68   bool isNone() const { return KindId == NKI_None; }
     69 
     70   /// \brief Returns \c true if \c this is a base kind of (or same as) \c Other.
     71   /// \param Distance If non-null, used to return the distance between \c this
     72   /// and \c Other in the class hierarchy.
     73   bool isBaseOf(ASTNodeKind Other, unsigned *Distance = nullptr) const;
     74 
     75   /// \brief String representation of the kind.
     76   StringRef asStringRef() const;
     77 
     78   /// \brief Strict weak ordering for ASTNodeKind.
     79   bool operator<(const ASTNodeKind &Other) const {
     80     return KindId < Other.KindId;
     81   }
     82 
     83   /// \brief Return the most derived type between \p Kind1 and \p Kind2.
     84   ///
     85   /// Return ASTNodeKind() if they are not related.
     86   static ASTNodeKind getMostDerivedType(ASTNodeKind Kind1, ASTNodeKind Kind2);
     87 
     88   /// \brief Return the most derived common ancestor between Kind1 and Kind2.
     89   ///
     90   /// Return ASTNodeKind() if they are not related.
     91   static ASTNodeKind getMostDerivedCommonAncestor(ASTNodeKind Kind1,
     92                                                   ASTNodeKind Kind2);
     93 
     94   /// \brief Hooks for using ASTNodeKind as a key in a DenseMap.
     95   struct DenseMapInfo {
     96     // ASTNodeKind() is a good empty key because it is represented as a 0.
     97     static inline ASTNodeKind getEmptyKey() { return ASTNodeKind(); }
     98     // NKI_NumberOfKinds is not a valid value, so it is good for a
     99     // tombstone key.
    100     static inline ASTNodeKind getTombstoneKey() {
    101       return ASTNodeKind(NKI_NumberOfKinds);
    102     }
    103     static unsigned getHashValue(const ASTNodeKind &Val) { return Val.KindId; }
    104     static bool isEqual(const ASTNodeKind &LHS, const ASTNodeKind &RHS) {
    105       return LHS.KindId == RHS.KindId;
    106     }
    107   };
    108 
    109   /// Check if the given ASTNodeKind identifies a type that offers pointer
    110   /// identity. This is useful for the fast path in DynTypedNode.
    111   bool hasPointerIdentity() const {
    112     return KindId > NKI_LastKindWithoutPointerIdentity;
    113   }
    114 
    115 private:
    116   /// \brief Kind ids.
    117   ///
    118   /// Includes all possible base and derived kinds.
    119   enum NodeKindId {
    120     NKI_None,
    121     NKI_TemplateArgument,
    122     NKI_NestedNameSpecifierLoc,
    123     NKI_QualType,
    124     NKI_TypeLoc,
    125     NKI_LastKindWithoutPointerIdentity = NKI_TypeLoc,
    126     NKI_CXXCtorInitializer,
    127     NKI_NestedNameSpecifier,
    128     NKI_Decl,
    129 #define DECL(DERIVED, BASE) NKI_##DERIVED##Decl,
    130 #include "clang/AST/DeclNodes.inc"
    131     NKI_Stmt,
    132 #define STMT(DERIVED, BASE) NKI_##DERIVED,
    133 #include "clang/AST/StmtNodes.inc"
    134     NKI_Type,
    135 #define TYPE(DERIVED, BASE) NKI_##DERIVED##Type,
    136 #include "clang/AST/TypeNodes.def"
    137     NKI_NumberOfKinds
    138   };
    139 
    140   /// \brief Use getFromNodeKind<T>() to construct the kind.
    141   ASTNodeKind(NodeKindId KindId) : KindId(KindId) {}
    142 
    143   /// \brief Returns \c true if \c Base is a base kind of (or same as) \c
    144   ///   Derived.
    145   /// \param Distance If non-null, used to return the distance between \c Base
    146   /// and \c Derived in the class hierarchy.
    147   static bool isBaseOf(NodeKindId Base, NodeKindId Derived, unsigned *Distance);
    148 
    149   /// \brief Helper meta-function to convert a kind T to its enum value.
    150   ///
    151   /// This struct is specialized below for all known kinds.
    152   template <class T> struct KindToKindId {
    153     static const NodeKindId Id = NKI_None;
    154   };
    155   template <class T>
    156   struct KindToKindId<const T> : KindToKindId<T> {};
    157 
    158   /// \brief Per kind info.
    159   struct KindInfo {
    160     /// \brief The id of the parent kind, or None if it has no parent.
    161     NodeKindId ParentId;
    162     /// \brief Name of the kind.
    163     const char *Name;
    164   };
    165   static const KindInfo AllKindInfo[NKI_NumberOfKinds];
    166 
    167   NodeKindId KindId;
    168 };
    169 
    170 #define KIND_TO_KIND_ID(Class)                                                 \
    171   template <> struct ASTNodeKind::KindToKindId<Class> {                        \
    172     static const NodeKindId Id = NKI_##Class;                                  \
    173   };
    174 KIND_TO_KIND_ID(CXXCtorInitializer)
    175 KIND_TO_KIND_ID(TemplateArgument)
    176 KIND_TO_KIND_ID(NestedNameSpecifier)
    177 KIND_TO_KIND_ID(NestedNameSpecifierLoc)
    178 KIND_TO_KIND_ID(QualType)
    179 KIND_TO_KIND_ID(TypeLoc)
    180 KIND_TO_KIND_ID(Decl)
    181 KIND_TO_KIND_ID(Stmt)
    182 KIND_TO_KIND_ID(Type)
    183 #define DECL(DERIVED, BASE) KIND_TO_KIND_ID(DERIVED##Decl)
    184 #include "clang/AST/DeclNodes.inc"
    185 #define STMT(DERIVED, BASE) KIND_TO_KIND_ID(DERIVED)
    186 #include "clang/AST/StmtNodes.inc"
    187 #define TYPE(DERIVED, BASE) KIND_TO_KIND_ID(DERIVED##Type)
    188 #include "clang/AST/TypeNodes.def"
    189 #undef KIND_TO_KIND_ID
    190 
    191 inline raw_ostream &operator<<(raw_ostream &OS, ASTNodeKind K) {
    192   OS << K.asStringRef();
    193   return OS;
    194 }
    195 
    196 /// \brief A dynamically typed AST node container.
    197 ///
    198 /// Stores an AST node in a type safe way. This allows writing code that
    199 /// works with different kinds of AST nodes, despite the fact that they don't
    200 /// have a common base class.
    201 ///
    202 /// Use \c create(Node) to create a \c DynTypedNode from an AST node,
    203 /// and \c get<T>() to retrieve the node as type T if the types match.
    204 ///
    205 /// See \c ASTNodeKind for which node base types are currently supported;
    206 /// You can create DynTypedNodes for all nodes in the inheritance hierarchy of
    207 /// the supported base types.
    208 class DynTypedNode {
    209 public:
    210   /// \brief Creates a \c DynTypedNode from \c Node.
    211   template <typename T>
    212   static DynTypedNode create(const T &Node) {
    213     return BaseConverter<T>::create(Node);
    214   }
    215 
    216   /// \brief Retrieve the stored node as type \c T.
    217   ///
    218   /// Returns NULL if the stored node does not have a type that is
    219   /// convertible to \c T.
    220   ///
    221   /// For types that have identity via their pointer in the AST
    222   /// (like \c Stmt, \c Decl, \c Type and \c NestedNameSpecifier) the returned
    223   /// pointer points to the referenced AST node.
    224   /// For other types (like \c QualType) the value is stored directly
    225   /// in the \c DynTypedNode, and the returned pointer points at
    226   /// the storage inside DynTypedNode. For those nodes, do not
    227   /// use the pointer outside the scope of the DynTypedNode.
    228   template <typename T>
    229   const T *get() const {
    230     return BaseConverter<T>::get(NodeKind, Storage.buffer);
    231   }
    232 
    233   /// \brief Retrieve the stored node as type \c T.
    234   ///
    235   /// Similar to \c get(), but asserts that the type is what we are expecting.
    236   template <typename T>
    237   const T &getUnchecked() const {
    238     return BaseConverter<T>::getUnchecked(NodeKind, Storage.buffer);
    239   }
    240 
    241   ASTNodeKind getNodeKind() const { return NodeKind; }
    242 
    243   /// \brief Returns a pointer that identifies the stored AST node.
    244   ///
    245   /// Note that this is not supported by all AST nodes. For AST nodes
    246   /// that don't have a pointer-defined identity inside the AST, this
    247   /// method returns NULL.
    248   const void *getMemoizationData() const {
    249     return NodeKind.hasPointerIdentity()
    250                ? *reinterpret_cast<void *const *>(Storage.buffer)
    251                : nullptr;
    252   }
    253 
    254   /// \brief Prints the node to the given output stream.
    255   void print(llvm::raw_ostream &OS, const PrintingPolicy &PP) const;
    256 
    257   /// \brief Dumps the node to the given output stream.
    258   void dump(llvm::raw_ostream &OS, SourceManager &SM) const;
    259 
    260   /// \brief For nodes which represent textual entities in the source code,
    261   /// return their SourceRange.  For all other nodes, return SourceRange().
    262   SourceRange getSourceRange() const;
    263 
    264   /// @{
    265   /// \brief Imposes an order on \c DynTypedNode.
    266   ///
    267   /// Supports comparison of nodes that support memoization.
    268   /// FIXME: Implement comparsion for other node types (currently
    269   /// only Stmt, Decl, Type and NestedNameSpecifier return memoization data).
    270   bool operator<(const DynTypedNode &Other) const {
    271     if (!NodeKind.isSame(Other.NodeKind))
    272       return NodeKind < Other.NodeKind;
    273 
    274     if (ASTNodeKind::getFromNodeKind<QualType>().isSame(NodeKind))
    275       return getUnchecked<QualType>().getAsOpaquePtr() <
    276              Other.getUnchecked<QualType>().getAsOpaquePtr();
    277 
    278     if (ASTNodeKind::getFromNodeKind<TypeLoc>().isSame(NodeKind)) {
    279       auto TLA = getUnchecked<TypeLoc>();
    280       auto TLB = Other.getUnchecked<TypeLoc>();
    281       return std::make_pair(TLA.getType().getAsOpaquePtr(),
    282                             TLA.getOpaqueData()) <
    283              std::make_pair(TLB.getType().getAsOpaquePtr(),
    284                             TLB.getOpaqueData());
    285     }
    286 
    287     if (ASTNodeKind::getFromNodeKind<NestedNameSpecifierLoc>().isSame(
    288             NodeKind)) {
    289       auto NNSLA = getUnchecked<NestedNameSpecifierLoc>();
    290       auto NNSLB = Other.getUnchecked<NestedNameSpecifierLoc>();
    291       return std::make_pair(NNSLA.getNestedNameSpecifier(),
    292                             NNSLA.getOpaqueData()) <
    293              std::make_pair(NNSLB.getNestedNameSpecifier(),
    294                             NNSLB.getOpaqueData());
    295     }
    296 
    297     assert(getMemoizationData() && Other.getMemoizationData());
    298     return getMemoizationData() < Other.getMemoizationData();
    299   }
    300   bool operator==(const DynTypedNode &Other) const {
    301     // DynTypedNode::create() stores the exact kind of the node in NodeKind.
    302     // If they contain the same node, their NodeKind must be the same.
    303     if (!NodeKind.isSame(Other.NodeKind))
    304       return false;
    305 
    306     // FIXME: Implement for other types.
    307     if (ASTNodeKind::getFromNodeKind<QualType>().isSame(NodeKind))
    308       return getUnchecked<QualType>() == Other.getUnchecked<QualType>();
    309 
    310     if (ASTNodeKind::getFromNodeKind<TypeLoc>().isSame(NodeKind))
    311       return getUnchecked<TypeLoc>() == Other.getUnchecked<TypeLoc>();
    312 
    313     if (ASTNodeKind::getFromNodeKind<NestedNameSpecifierLoc>().isSame(NodeKind))
    314       return getUnchecked<NestedNameSpecifierLoc>() ==
    315              Other.getUnchecked<NestedNameSpecifierLoc>();
    316 
    317     assert(getMemoizationData() && Other.getMemoizationData());
    318     return getMemoizationData() == Other.getMemoizationData();
    319   }
    320   bool operator!=(const DynTypedNode &Other) const {
    321     return !operator==(Other);
    322   }
    323   /// @}
    324 
    325   /// \brief Hooks for using DynTypedNode as a key in a DenseMap.
    326   struct DenseMapInfo {
    327     static inline DynTypedNode getEmptyKey() {
    328       DynTypedNode Node;
    329       Node.NodeKind = ASTNodeKind::DenseMapInfo::getEmptyKey();
    330       return Node;
    331     }
    332     static inline DynTypedNode getTombstoneKey() {
    333       DynTypedNode Node;
    334       Node.NodeKind = ASTNodeKind::DenseMapInfo::getTombstoneKey();
    335       return Node;
    336     }
    337     static unsigned getHashValue(const DynTypedNode &Val) {
    338       // FIXME: Add hashing support for the remaining types.
    339       if (ASTNodeKind::getFromNodeKind<TypeLoc>().isSame(Val.NodeKind)) {
    340         auto TL = Val.getUnchecked<TypeLoc>();
    341         return llvm::hash_combine(TL.getType().getAsOpaquePtr(),
    342                                   TL.getOpaqueData());
    343       }
    344 
    345       if (ASTNodeKind::getFromNodeKind<NestedNameSpecifierLoc>().isSame(
    346               Val.NodeKind)) {
    347         auto NNSL = Val.getUnchecked<NestedNameSpecifierLoc>();
    348         return llvm::hash_combine(NNSL.getNestedNameSpecifier(),
    349                                   NNSL.getOpaqueData());
    350       }
    351 
    352       assert(Val.getMemoizationData());
    353       return llvm::hash_value(Val.getMemoizationData());
    354     }
    355     static bool isEqual(const DynTypedNode &LHS, const DynTypedNode &RHS) {
    356       auto Empty = ASTNodeKind::DenseMapInfo::getEmptyKey();
    357       auto TombStone = ASTNodeKind::DenseMapInfo::getTombstoneKey();
    358       return (ASTNodeKind::DenseMapInfo::isEqual(LHS.NodeKind, Empty) &&
    359               ASTNodeKind::DenseMapInfo::isEqual(RHS.NodeKind, Empty)) ||
    360              (ASTNodeKind::DenseMapInfo::isEqual(LHS.NodeKind, TombStone) &&
    361               ASTNodeKind::DenseMapInfo::isEqual(RHS.NodeKind, TombStone)) ||
    362              LHS == RHS;
    363     }
    364   };
    365 
    366 private:
    367   /// \brief Takes care of converting from and to \c T.
    368   template <typename T, typename EnablerT = void> struct BaseConverter;
    369 
    370   /// \brief Converter that uses dyn_cast<T> from a stored BaseT*.
    371   template <typename T, typename BaseT> struct DynCastPtrConverter {
    372     static const T *get(ASTNodeKind NodeKind, const char Storage[]) {
    373       if (ASTNodeKind::getFromNodeKind<T>().isBaseOf(NodeKind))
    374         return &getUnchecked(NodeKind, Storage);
    375       return nullptr;
    376     }
    377     static const T &getUnchecked(ASTNodeKind NodeKind, const char Storage[]) {
    378       assert(ASTNodeKind::getFromNodeKind<T>().isBaseOf(NodeKind));
    379       return *cast<T>(static_cast<const BaseT *>(
    380           *reinterpret_cast<const void *const *>(Storage)));
    381     }
    382     static DynTypedNode create(const BaseT &Node) {
    383       DynTypedNode Result;
    384       Result.NodeKind = ASTNodeKind::getFromNode(Node);
    385       new (Result.Storage.buffer) const void *(&Node);
    386       return Result;
    387     }
    388   };
    389 
    390   /// \brief Converter that stores T* (by pointer).
    391   template <typename T> struct PtrConverter {
    392     static const T *get(ASTNodeKind NodeKind, const char Storage[]) {
    393       if (ASTNodeKind::getFromNodeKind<T>().isSame(NodeKind))
    394         return &getUnchecked(NodeKind, Storage);
    395       return nullptr;
    396     }
    397     static const T &getUnchecked(ASTNodeKind NodeKind, const char Storage[]) {
    398       assert(ASTNodeKind::getFromNodeKind<T>().isSame(NodeKind));
    399       return *static_cast<const T *>(
    400           *reinterpret_cast<const void *const *>(Storage));
    401     }
    402     static DynTypedNode create(const T &Node) {
    403       DynTypedNode Result;
    404       Result.NodeKind = ASTNodeKind::getFromNodeKind<T>();
    405       new (Result.Storage.buffer) const void *(&Node);
    406       return Result;
    407     }
    408   };
    409 
    410   /// \brief Converter that stores T (by value).
    411   template <typename T> struct ValueConverter {
    412     static const T *get(ASTNodeKind NodeKind, const char Storage[]) {
    413       if (ASTNodeKind::getFromNodeKind<T>().isSame(NodeKind))
    414         return reinterpret_cast<const T *>(Storage);
    415       return nullptr;
    416     }
    417     static const T &getUnchecked(ASTNodeKind NodeKind, const char Storage[]) {
    418       assert(ASTNodeKind::getFromNodeKind<T>().isSame(NodeKind));
    419       return *reinterpret_cast<const T *>(Storage);
    420     }
    421     static DynTypedNode create(const T &Node) {
    422       DynTypedNode Result;
    423       Result.NodeKind = ASTNodeKind::getFromNodeKind<T>();
    424       new (Result.Storage.buffer) T(Node);
    425       return Result;
    426     }
    427   };
    428 
    429   ASTNodeKind NodeKind;
    430 
    431   /// \brief Stores the data of the node.
    432   ///
    433   /// Note that we can store \c Decls, \c Stmts, \c Types,
    434   /// \c NestedNameSpecifiers and \c CXXCtorInitializer by pointer as they are
    435   /// guaranteed to be unique pointers pointing to dedicated storage in the AST.
    436   /// \c QualTypes, \c NestedNameSpecifierLocs, \c TypeLocs and
    437   /// \c TemplateArguments on the other hand do not have storage or unique
    438   /// pointers and thus need to be stored by value.
    439   llvm::AlignedCharArrayUnion<const void *, TemplateArgument,
    440                               NestedNameSpecifierLoc, QualType,
    441                               TypeLoc> Storage;
    442 };
    443 
    444 template <typename T>
    445 struct DynTypedNode::BaseConverter<
    446     T, typename std::enable_if<std::is_base_of<Decl, T>::value>::type>
    447     : public DynCastPtrConverter<T, Decl> {};
    448 
    449 template <typename T>
    450 struct DynTypedNode::BaseConverter<
    451     T, typename std::enable_if<std::is_base_of<Stmt, T>::value>::type>
    452     : public DynCastPtrConverter<T, Stmt> {};
    453 
    454 template <typename T>
    455 struct DynTypedNode::BaseConverter<
    456     T, typename std::enable_if<std::is_base_of<Type, T>::value>::type>
    457     : public DynCastPtrConverter<T, Type> {};
    458 
    459 template <>
    460 struct DynTypedNode::BaseConverter<
    461     NestedNameSpecifier, void> : public PtrConverter<NestedNameSpecifier> {};
    462 
    463 template <>
    464 struct DynTypedNode::BaseConverter<
    465     CXXCtorInitializer, void> : public PtrConverter<CXXCtorInitializer> {};
    466 
    467 template <>
    468 struct DynTypedNode::BaseConverter<
    469     TemplateArgument, void> : public ValueConverter<TemplateArgument> {};
    470 
    471 template <>
    472 struct DynTypedNode::BaseConverter<
    473     NestedNameSpecifierLoc,
    474     void> : public ValueConverter<NestedNameSpecifierLoc> {};
    475 
    476 template <>
    477 struct DynTypedNode::BaseConverter<QualType,
    478                                    void> : public ValueConverter<QualType> {};
    479 
    480 template <>
    481 struct DynTypedNode::BaseConverter<
    482     TypeLoc, void> : public ValueConverter<TypeLoc> {};
    483 
    484 // The only operation we allow on unsupported types is \c get.
    485 // This allows to conveniently use \c DynTypedNode when having an arbitrary
    486 // AST node that is not supported, but prevents misuse - a user cannot create
    487 // a DynTypedNode from arbitrary types.
    488 template <typename T, typename EnablerT> struct DynTypedNode::BaseConverter {
    489   static const T *get(ASTNodeKind NodeKind, const char Storage[]) {
    490     return NULL;
    491   }
    492 };
    493 
    494 } // end namespace ast_type_traits
    495 } // end namespace clang
    496 
    497 namespace llvm {
    498 
    499 template <>
    500 struct DenseMapInfo<clang::ast_type_traits::ASTNodeKind>
    501     : clang::ast_type_traits::ASTNodeKind::DenseMapInfo {};
    502 
    503 template <>
    504 struct DenseMapInfo<clang::ast_type_traits::DynTypedNode>
    505     : clang::ast_type_traits::DynTypedNode::DenseMapInfo {};
    506 
    507 }  // end namespace llvm
    508 
    509 #endif
    510