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      1 /*	$OpenBSD: tree.c,v 1.21 2015/09/01 13:12:31 tedu Exp $	*/
      2 
      3 /*-
      4  * Copyright (c) 2003, 2004, 2005, 2006, 2007, 2008, 2009, 2010,
      5  *		 2011, 2012, 2013, 2015, 2016
      6  *	mirabilos <m (at) mirbsd.org>
      7  *
      8  * Provided that these terms and disclaimer and all copyright notices
      9  * are retained or reproduced in an accompanying document, permission
     10  * is granted to deal in this work without restriction, including un-
     11  * limited rights to use, publicly perform, distribute, sell, modify,
     12  * merge, give away, or sublicence.
     13  *
     14  * This work is provided "AS IS" and WITHOUT WARRANTY of any kind, to
     15  * the utmost extent permitted by applicable law, neither express nor
     16  * implied; without malicious intent or gross negligence. In no event
     17  * may a licensor, author or contributor be held liable for indirect,
     18  * direct, other damage, loss, or other issues arising in any way out
     19  * of dealing in the work, even if advised of the possibility of such
     20  * damage or existence of a defect, except proven that it results out
     21  * of said person's immediate fault when using the work as intended.
     22  */
     23 
     24 #include "sh.h"
     25 
     26 __RCSID("$MirOS: src/bin/mksh/tree.c,v 1.86 2016/07/25 00:04:48 tg Exp $");
     27 
     28 #define INDENT	8
     29 
     30 static void ptree(struct op *, int, struct shf *);
     31 static void pioact(struct shf *, struct ioword *);
     32 static const char *wdvarput(struct shf *, const char *, int, int);
     33 static void vfptreef(struct shf *, int, const char *, va_list);
     34 static struct ioword **iocopy(struct ioword **, Area *);
     35 static void iofree(struct ioword **, Area *);
     36 
     37 /* "foo& ; bar" and "foo |& ; bar" are invalid */
     38 static bool prevent_semicolon;
     39 
     40 static const char Telif_pT[] = "elif %T";
     41 
     42 /*
     43  * print a command tree
     44  */
     45 static void
     46 ptree(struct op *t, int indent, struct shf *shf)
     47 {
     48 	const char **w;
     49 	struct ioword **ioact;
     50 	struct op *t1;
     51 	int i;
     52 	const char *ccp;
     53 
     54  Chain:
     55 	if (t == NULL)
     56 		return;
     57 	switch (t->type) {
     58 	case TCOM:
     59 		prevent_semicolon = false;
     60 		/* special-case 'var=<<EOF' (cf. exec.c:execute) */
     61 		if (
     62 		    /* we have zero arguments, i.e. no program to run */
     63 		    t->args[0] == NULL &&
     64 		    /* we have exactly one variable assignment */
     65 		    t->vars[0] != NULL && t->vars[1] == NULL &&
     66 		    /* we have exactly one I/O redirection */
     67 		    t->ioact != NULL && t->ioact[0] != NULL &&
     68 		    t->ioact[1] == NULL &&
     69 		    /* of type "here document" (or "here string") */
     70 		    (t->ioact[0]->ioflag & IOTYPE) == IOHERE &&
     71 		    /* the variable assignment begins with a valid varname */
     72 		    (ccp = skip_wdvarname(t->vars[0], true)) != t->vars[0] &&
     73 		    /* and has no right-hand side (i.e. "varname=") */
     74 		    ccp[0] == CHAR && ((ccp[1] == '=' && ccp[2] == EOS) ||
     75 		    /* or "varname+=" */ (ccp[1] == '+' && ccp[2] == CHAR &&
     76 		    ccp[3] == '=' && ccp[4] == EOS))) {
     77 			fptreef(shf, indent, Tf_S, t->vars[0]);
     78 			break;
     79 		}
     80 
     81 		if (t->vars) {
     82 			w = (const char **)t->vars;
     83 			while (*w)
     84 				fptreef(shf, indent, Tf_S_, *w++);
     85 		} else
     86 			shf_puts("#no-vars# ", shf);
     87 		if (t->args) {
     88 			w = t->args;
     89 			while (*w)
     90 				fptreef(shf, indent, Tf_S_, *w++);
     91 		} else
     92 			shf_puts("#no-args# ", shf);
     93 		break;
     94 	case TEXEC:
     95 		t = t->left;
     96 		goto Chain;
     97 	case TPAREN:
     98 		fptreef(shf, indent + 2, "( %T) ", t->left);
     99 		break;
    100 	case TPIPE:
    101 		fptreef(shf, indent, "%T| ", t->left);
    102 		t = t->right;
    103 		goto Chain;
    104 	case TLIST:
    105 		fptreef(shf, indent, "%T%;", t->left);
    106 		t = t->right;
    107 		goto Chain;
    108 	case TOR:
    109 	case TAND:
    110 		fptreef(shf, indent, "%T%s %T",
    111 		    t->left, (t->type == TOR) ? "||" : "&&", t->right);
    112 		break;
    113 	case TBANG:
    114 		shf_puts("! ", shf);
    115 		prevent_semicolon = false;
    116 		t = t->right;
    117 		goto Chain;
    118 	case TDBRACKET:
    119 		w = t->args;
    120 		shf_puts("[[", shf);
    121 		while (*w)
    122 			fptreef(shf, indent, Tf__S, *w++);
    123 		shf_puts(" ]] ", shf);
    124 		break;
    125 	case TSELECT:
    126 	case TFOR:
    127 		fptreef(shf, indent, "%s %s ",
    128 		    (t->type == TFOR) ? "for" : Tselect, t->str);
    129 		if (t->vars != NULL) {
    130 			shf_puts("in ", shf);
    131 			w = (const char **)t->vars;
    132 			while (*w)
    133 				fptreef(shf, indent, Tf_S_, *w++);
    134 			fptreef(shf, indent, Tft_end);
    135 		}
    136 		fptreef(shf, indent + INDENT, "do%N%T", t->left);
    137 		fptreef(shf, indent, "%;done ");
    138 		break;
    139 	case TCASE:
    140 		fptreef(shf, indent, "case %S in", t->str);
    141 		for (t1 = t->left; t1 != NULL; t1 = t1->right) {
    142 			fptreef(shf, indent, "%N(");
    143 			w = (const char **)t1->vars;
    144 			while (*w) {
    145 				fptreef(shf, indent, "%S%c", *w,
    146 				    (w[1] != NULL) ? '|' : ')');
    147 				++w;
    148 			}
    149 			fptreef(shf, indent + INDENT, "%N%T%N;%c", t1->left,
    150 			    t1->u.charflag);
    151 		}
    152 		fptreef(shf, indent, "%Nesac ");
    153 		break;
    154 	case TELIF:
    155 		internal_errorf(TELIF_unexpected);
    156 		/* FALLTHROUGH */
    157 	case TIF:
    158 		i = 2;
    159 		t1 = t;
    160 		goto process_TIF;
    161 		do {
    162 			t1 = t1->right;
    163 			i = 0;
    164 			fptreef(shf, indent, Tft_end);
    165  process_TIF:
    166 			/* 5 == strlen("elif ") */
    167 			fptreef(shf, indent + 5 - i, Telif_pT + i, t1->left);
    168 			t1 = t1->right;
    169 			if (t1->left != NULL) {
    170 				fptreef(shf, indent, Tft_end);
    171 				fptreef(shf, indent + INDENT, "%s%N%T",
    172 				    "then", t1->left);
    173 			}
    174 		} while (t1->right && t1->right->type == TELIF);
    175 		if (t1->right != NULL) {
    176 			fptreef(shf, indent, Tft_end);
    177 			fptreef(shf, indent + INDENT, "%s%N%T",
    178 			    "else", t1->right);
    179 		}
    180 		fptreef(shf, indent, "%;fi ");
    181 		break;
    182 	case TWHILE:
    183 	case TUNTIL:
    184 		/* 6 == strlen("while "/"until ") */
    185 		fptreef(shf, indent + 6, Tf_s_T,
    186 		    (t->type == TWHILE) ? "while" : "until",
    187 		    t->left);
    188 		fptreef(shf, indent, Tft_end);
    189 		fptreef(shf, indent + INDENT, "do%N%T", t->right);
    190 		fptreef(shf, indent, "%;done ");
    191 		break;
    192 	case TBRACE:
    193 		fptreef(shf, indent + INDENT, "{%N%T", t->left);
    194 		fptreef(shf, indent, "%;} ");
    195 		break;
    196 	case TCOPROC:
    197 		fptreef(shf, indent, "%T|& ", t->left);
    198 		prevent_semicolon = true;
    199 		break;
    200 	case TASYNC:
    201 		fptreef(shf, indent, "%T& ", t->left);
    202 		prevent_semicolon = true;
    203 		break;
    204 	case TFUNCT:
    205 		fpFUNCTf(shf, indent, tobool(t->u.ksh_func), t->str, t->left);
    206 		break;
    207 	case TTIME:
    208 		fptreef(shf, indent, Tf_s_T, Ttime, t->left);
    209 		break;
    210 	default:
    211 		shf_puts("<botch>", shf);
    212 		prevent_semicolon = false;
    213 		break;
    214 	}
    215 	if ((ioact = t->ioact) != NULL) {
    216 		bool need_nl = false;
    217 
    218 		while (*ioact != NULL)
    219 			pioact(shf, *ioact++);
    220 		/* Print here documents after everything else... */
    221 		ioact = t->ioact;
    222 		while (*ioact != NULL) {
    223 			struct ioword *iop = *ioact++;
    224 
    225 			/* heredoc is NULL when tracing (set -x) */
    226 			if ((iop->ioflag & (IOTYPE | IOHERESTR)) == IOHERE &&
    227 			    iop->heredoc) {
    228 				shf_putc('\n', shf);
    229 				shf_puts(iop->heredoc, shf);
    230 				fptreef(shf, indent, Tf_s,
    231 				    evalstr(iop->delim, 0));
    232 				need_nl = true;
    233 			}
    234 		}
    235 		/*
    236 		 * Last delimiter must be followed by a newline (this
    237 		 * often leads to an extra blank line, but it's not
    238 		 * worth worrying about)
    239 		 */
    240 		if (need_nl) {
    241 			shf_putc('\n', shf);
    242 			prevent_semicolon = true;
    243 		}
    244 	}
    245 }
    246 
    247 static void
    248 pioact(struct shf *shf, struct ioword *iop)
    249 {
    250 	unsigned short flag = iop->ioflag;
    251 	unsigned short type = flag & IOTYPE;
    252 	short expected;
    253 
    254 	expected = (type == IOREAD || type == IORDWR || type == IOHERE) ? 0 :
    255 	    (type == IOCAT || type == IOWRITE) ? 1 :
    256 	    (type == IODUP && (iop->unit == !(flag & IORDUP))) ? iop->unit :
    257 	    iop->unit + 1;
    258 	if (iop->unit != expected)
    259 		shf_fprintf(shf, Tf_d, (int)iop->unit);
    260 
    261 	switch (type) {
    262 	case IOREAD:
    263 		shf_putc('<', shf);
    264 		break;
    265 	case IOHERE:
    266 		shf_puts("<<", shf);
    267 		if (flag & IOSKIP)
    268 			shf_putc('-', shf);
    269 		else if (flag & IOHERESTR)
    270 			shf_putc('<', shf);
    271 		break;
    272 	case IOCAT:
    273 		shf_puts(">>", shf);
    274 		break;
    275 	case IOWRITE:
    276 		shf_putc('>', shf);
    277 		if (flag & IOCLOB)
    278 			shf_putc('|', shf);
    279 		break;
    280 	case IORDWR:
    281 		shf_puts("<>", shf);
    282 		break;
    283 	case IODUP:
    284 		shf_puts(flag & IORDUP ? "<&" : ">&", shf);
    285 		break;
    286 	}
    287 	/* name/delim are NULL when printing syntax errors */
    288 	if (type == IOHERE) {
    289 		if (iop->delim && !(iop->ioflag & IONDELIM))
    290 			wdvarput(shf, iop->delim, 0, WDS_TPUTS);
    291 	} else if (iop->ioname) {
    292 		if (flag & IONAMEXP)
    293 			print_value_quoted(shf, iop->ioname);
    294 		else
    295 			wdvarput(shf, iop->ioname, 0, WDS_TPUTS);
    296 	}
    297 	shf_putc(' ', shf);
    298 	prevent_semicolon = false;
    299 }
    300 
    301 /* variant of fputs for ptreef and wdstrip */
    302 static const char *
    303 wdvarput(struct shf *shf, const char *wp, int quotelevel, int opmode)
    304 {
    305 	int c;
    306 	const char *cs;
    307 
    308 	/*-
    309 	 * problems:
    310 	 *	`...` -> $(...)
    311 	 *	'foo' -> "foo"
    312 	 *	x${foo:-"hi"} -> x${foo:-hi} unless WDS_TPUTS
    313 	 *	x${foo:-'hi'} -> x${foo:-hi}
    314 	 * could change encoding to:
    315 	 *	OQUOTE ["'] ... CQUOTE ["']
    316 	 *	COMSUB [(`] ...\0	(handle $ ` \ and maybe " in `...` case)
    317 	 */
    318 	while (/* CONSTCOND */ 1)
    319 		switch (*wp++) {
    320 		case EOS:
    321 			return (--wp);
    322 		case ADELIM:
    323 			if (*wp == /*{*/'}') {
    324 				++wp;
    325 				goto wdvarput_csubst;
    326 			}
    327 			/* FALLTHROUGH */
    328 		case CHAR:
    329 			c = *wp++;
    330 			shf_putc(c, shf);
    331 			break;
    332 		case QCHAR:
    333 			c = *wp++;
    334 			if (opmode & WDS_TPUTS)
    335 				switch (c) {
    336 				case '\n':
    337 					if (quotelevel == 0) {
    338 						c = '\'';
    339 						shf_putc(c, shf);
    340 						shf_putc('\n', shf);
    341 					}
    342 					break;
    343 				default:
    344 					if (quotelevel == 0)
    345 						/* FALLTHROUGH */
    346 				case '"':
    347 				case '`':
    348 				case '$':
    349 				case '\\':
    350 					  shf_putc('\\', shf);
    351 					break;
    352 				}
    353 			shf_putc(c, shf);
    354 			break;
    355 		case COMSUB:
    356 			shf_puts("$(", shf);
    357 			cs = ")";
    358  pSUB:
    359 			while ((c = *wp++) != 0)
    360 				shf_putc(c, shf);
    361 			shf_puts(cs, shf);
    362 			break;
    363 		case FUNSUB:
    364 			c = ' ';
    365 			if (0)
    366 				/* FALLTHROUGH */
    367 		case VALSUB:
    368 			  c = '|';
    369 			shf_putc('$', shf);
    370 			shf_putc('{', shf);
    371 			shf_putc(c, shf);
    372 			cs = ";}";
    373 			goto pSUB;
    374 		case EXPRSUB:
    375 			shf_puts("$((", shf);
    376 			cs = "))";
    377 			goto pSUB;
    378 		case OQUOTE:
    379 			if (opmode & WDS_TPUTS) {
    380 				quotelevel++;
    381 				shf_putc('"', shf);
    382 			}
    383 			break;
    384 		case CQUOTE:
    385 			if (opmode & WDS_TPUTS) {
    386 				if (quotelevel)
    387 					quotelevel--;
    388 				shf_putc('"', shf);
    389 			}
    390 			break;
    391 		case OSUBST:
    392 			shf_putc('$', shf);
    393 			if (*wp++ == '{')
    394 				shf_putc('{', shf);
    395 			while ((c = *wp++) != 0)
    396 				shf_putc(c, shf);
    397 			wp = wdvarput(shf, wp, 0, opmode);
    398 			break;
    399 		case CSUBST:
    400 			if (*wp++ == '}') {
    401  wdvarput_csubst:
    402 				shf_putc('}', shf);
    403 			}
    404 			return (wp);
    405 		case OPAT:
    406 			shf_putchar(*wp++, shf);
    407 			shf_putc('(', shf);
    408 			break;
    409 		case SPAT:
    410 			c = '|';
    411 			if (0)
    412 		case CPAT:
    413 				c = /*(*/ ')';
    414 			shf_putc(c, shf);
    415 			break;
    416 		}
    417 }
    418 
    419 /*
    420  * this is the _only_ way to reliably handle
    421  * variable args with an ANSI compiler
    422  */
    423 /* VARARGS */
    424 void
    425 fptreef(struct shf *shf, int indent, const char *fmt, ...)
    426 {
    427 	va_list va;
    428 
    429 	va_start(va, fmt);
    430 	vfptreef(shf, indent, fmt, va);
    431 	va_end(va);
    432 }
    433 
    434 /* VARARGS */
    435 char *
    436 snptreef(char *s, ssize_t n, const char *fmt, ...)
    437 {
    438 	va_list va;
    439 	struct shf shf;
    440 
    441 	shf_sopen(s, n, SHF_WR | (s ? 0 : SHF_DYNAMIC), &shf);
    442 
    443 	va_start(va, fmt);
    444 	vfptreef(&shf, 0, fmt, va);
    445 	va_end(va);
    446 
    447 	/* shf_sclose NUL terminates */
    448 	return (shf_sclose(&shf));
    449 }
    450 
    451 static void
    452 vfptreef(struct shf *shf, int indent, const char *fmt, va_list va)
    453 {
    454 	int c;
    455 
    456 	while ((c = *fmt++)) {
    457 		if (c == '%') {
    458 			switch ((c = *fmt++)) {
    459 			case 'c':
    460 				/* character (octet, probably) */
    461 				shf_putchar(va_arg(va, int), shf);
    462 				break;
    463 			case 's':
    464 				/* string */
    465 				shf_puts(va_arg(va, char *), shf);
    466 				break;
    467 			case 'S':
    468 				/* word */
    469 				wdvarput(shf, va_arg(va, char *), 0, WDS_TPUTS);
    470 				break;
    471 			case 'd':
    472 				/* signed decimal */
    473 				shf_fprintf(shf, Tf_d, va_arg(va, int));
    474 				break;
    475 			case 'u':
    476 				/* unsigned decimal */
    477 				shf_fprintf(shf, "%u", va_arg(va, unsigned int));
    478 				break;
    479 			case 'T':
    480 				/* format tree */
    481 				ptree(va_arg(va, struct op *), indent, shf);
    482 				goto dont_trash_prevent_semicolon;
    483 			case ';':
    484 				/* newline or ; */
    485 			case 'N':
    486 				/* newline or space */
    487 				if (shf->flags & SHF_STRING) {
    488 					if (c == ';' && !prevent_semicolon)
    489 						shf_putc(';', shf);
    490 					shf_putc(' ', shf);
    491 				} else {
    492 					int i;
    493 
    494 					shf_putc('\n', shf);
    495 					i = indent;
    496 					while (i >= 8) {
    497 						shf_putc('\t', shf);
    498 						i -= 8;
    499 					}
    500 					while (i--)
    501 						shf_putc(' ', shf);
    502 				}
    503 				break;
    504 			case 'R':
    505 				/* I/O redirection */
    506 				pioact(shf, va_arg(va, struct ioword *));
    507 				break;
    508 			default:
    509 				shf_putc(c, shf);
    510 				break;
    511 			}
    512 		} else
    513 			shf_putc(c, shf);
    514 		prevent_semicolon = false;
    515  dont_trash_prevent_semicolon:
    516 		;
    517 	}
    518 }
    519 
    520 /*
    521  * copy tree (for function definition)
    522  */
    523 struct op *
    524 tcopy(struct op *t, Area *ap)
    525 {
    526 	struct op *r;
    527 	const char **tw;
    528 	char **rw;
    529 
    530 	if (t == NULL)
    531 		return (NULL);
    532 
    533 	r = alloc(sizeof(struct op), ap);
    534 
    535 	r->type = t->type;
    536 	r->u.evalflags = t->u.evalflags;
    537 
    538 	if (t->type == TCASE)
    539 		r->str = wdcopy(t->str, ap);
    540 	else
    541 		strdupx(r->str, t->str, ap);
    542 
    543 	if (t->vars == NULL)
    544 		r->vars = NULL;
    545 	else {
    546 		tw = (const char **)t->vars;
    547 		while (*tw)
    548 			++tw;
    549 		rw = r->vars = alloc2(tw - (const char **)t->vars + 1,
    550 		    sizeof(*tw), ap);
    551 		tw = (const char **)t->vars;
    552 		while (*tw)
    553 			*rw++ = wdcopy(*tw++, ap);
    554 		*rw = NULL;
    555 	}
    556 
    557 	if (t->args == NULL)
    558 		r->args = NULL;
    559 	else {
    560 		tw = t->args;
    561 		while (*tw)
    562 			++tw;
    563 		r->args = (const char **)(rw = alloc2(tw - t->args + 1,
    564 		    sizeof(*tw), ap));
    565 		tw = t->args;
    566 		while (*tw)
    567 			*rw++ = wdcopy(*tw++, ap);
    568 		*rw = NULL;
    569 	}
    570 
    571 	r->ioact = (t->ioact == NULL) ? NULL : iocopy(t->ioact, ap);
    572 
    573 	r->left = tcopy(t->left, ap);
    574 	r->right = tcopy(t->right, ap);
    575 	r->lineno = t->lineno;
    576 
    577 	return (r);
    578 }
    579 
    580 char *
    581 wdcopy(const char *wp, Area *ap)
    582 {
    583 	size_t len;
    584 
    585 	len = wdscan(wp, EOS) - wp;
    586 	return (memcpy(alloc(len, ap), wp, len));
    587 }
    588 
    589 /* return the position of prefix c in wp plus 1 */
    590 const char *
    591 wdscan(const char *wp, int c)
    592 {
    593 	int nest = 0;
    594 
    595 	while (/* CONSTCOND */ 1)
    596 		switch (*wp++) {
    597 		case EOS:
    598 			return (wp);
    599 		case ADELIM:
    600 			if (c == ADELIM && nest == 0)
    601 				return (wp + 1);
    602 			if (*wp == /*{*/'}')
    603 				goto wdscan_csubst;
    604 			/* FALLTHROUGH */
    605 		case CHAR:
    606 		case QCHAR:
    607 			wp++;
    608 			break;
    609 		case COMSUB:
    610 		case FUNSUB:
    611 		case VALSUB:
    612 		case EXPRSUB:
    613 			while (*wp++ != 0)
    614 				;
    615 			break;
    616 		case OQUOTE:
    617 		case CQUOTE:
    618 			break;
    619 		case OSUBST:
    620 			nest++;
    621 			while (*wp++ != '\0')
    622 				;
    623 			break;
    624 		case CSUBST:
    625  wdscan_csubst:
    626 			wp++;
    627 			if (c == CSUBST && nest == 0)
    628 				return (wp);
    629 			nest--;
    630 			break;
    631 		case OPAT:
    632 			nest++;
    633 			wp++;
    634 			break;
    635 		case SPAT:
    636 		case CPAT:
    637 			if (c == wp[-1] && nest == 0)
    638 				return (wp);
    639 			if (wp[-1] == CPAT)
    640 				nest--;
    641 			break;
    642 		default:
    643 			internal_warningf(
    644 			    "wdscan: unknown char 0x%X (carrying on)",
    645 			    (unsigned char)wp[-1]);
    646 		}
    647 }
    648 
    649 /*
    650  * return a copy of wp without any of the mark up characters and with
    651  * quote characters (" ' \) stripped. (string is allocated from ATEMP)
    652  */
    653 char *
    654 wdstrip(const char *wp, int opmode)
    655 {
    656 	struct shf shf;
    657 
    658 	shf_sopen(NULL, 32, SHF_WR | SHF_DYNAMIC, &shf);
    659 	wdvarput(&shf, wp, 0, opmode);
    660 	/* shf_sclose NUL terminates */
    661 	return (shf_sclose(&shf));
    662 }
    663 
    664 static struct ioword **
    665 iocopy(struct ioword **iow, Area *ap)
    666 {
    667 	struct ioword **ior;
    668 	int i;
    669 
    670 	ior = iow;
    671 	while (*ior)
    672 		++ior;
    673 	ior = alloc2(ior - iow + 1, sizeof(struct ioword *), ap);
    674 
    675 	for (i = 0; iow[i] != NULL; i++) {
    676 		struct ioword *p, *q;
    677 
    678 		p = iow[i];
    679 		q = alloc(sizeof(struct ioword), ap);
    680 		ior[i] = q;
    681 		*q = *p;
    682 		if (p->ioname != NULL)
    683 			q->ioname = wdcopy(p->ioname, ap);
    684 		if (p->delim != NULL)
    685 			q->delim = wdcopy(p->delim, ap);
    686 		if (p->heredoc != NULL)
    687 			strdupx(q->heredoc, p->heredoc, ap);
    688 	}
    689 	ior[i] = NULL;
    690 
    691 	return (ior);
    692 }
    693 
    694 /*
    695  * free tree (for function definition)
    696  */
    697 void
    698 tfree(struct op *t, Area *ap)
    699 {
    700 	char **w;
    701 
    702 	if (t == NULL)
    703 		return;
    704 
    705 	afree(t->str, ap);
    706 
    707 	if (t->vars != NULL) {
    708 		for (w = t->vars; *w != NULL; w++)
    709 			afree(*w, ap);
    710 		afree(t->vars, ap);
    711 	}
    712 
    713 	if (t->args != NULL) {
    714 		/*XXX we assume the caller is right */
    715 		union mksh_ccphack cw;
    716 
    717 		cw.ro = t->args;
    718 		for (w = cw.rw; *w != NULL; w++)
    719 			afree(*w, ap);
    720 		afree(t->args, ap);
    721 	}
    722 
    723 	if (t->ioact != NULL)
    724 		iofree(t->ioact, ap);
    725 
    726 	tfree(t->left, ap);
    727 	tfree(t->right, ap);
    728 
    729 	afree(t, ap);
    730 }
    731 
    732 static void
    733 iofree(struct ioword **iow, Area *ap)
    734 {
    735 	struct ioword **iop;
    736 	struct ioword *p;
    737 
    738 	iop = iow;
    739 	while ((p = *iop++) != NULL) {
    740 		afree(p->ioname, ap);
    741 		afree(p->delim, ap);
    742 		afree(p->heredoc, ap);
    743 		afree(p, ap);
    744 	}
    745 	afree(iow, ap);
    746 }
    747 
    748 void
    749 fpFUNCTf(struct shf *shf, int i, bool isksh, const char *k, struct op *v)
    750 {
    751 	if (isksh)
    752 		fptreef(shf, i, "%s %s %T", Tfunction, k, v);
    753 	else if (ktsearch(&keywords, k, hash(k)))
    754 		fptreef(shf, i, "%s %s() %T", Tfunction, k, v);
    755 	else
    756 		fptreef(shf, i, "%s() %T", k, v);
    757 }
    758 
    759 
    760 /* for jobs.c */
    761 void
    762 vistree(char *dst, size_t sz, struct op *t)
    763 {
    764 	unsigned int c;
    765 	char *cp, *buf;
    766 	size_t n;
    767 
    768 	buf = alloc(sz + 16, ATEMP);
    769 	snptreef(buf, sz + 16, Tf_T, t);
    770 	cp = buf;
    771  vist_loop:
    772 	if (UTFMODE && (n = utf_mbtowc(&c, cp)) != (size_t)-1) {
    773 		if (c == 0 || n >= sz)
    774 			/* NUL or not enough free space */
    775 			goto vist_out;
    776 		/* copy multibyte char */
    777 		sz -= n;
    778 		while (n--)
    779 			*dst++ = *cp++;
    780 		goto vist_loop;
    781 	}
    782 	if (--sz == 0 || (c = (unsigned char)(*cp++)) == 0)
    783 		/* NUL or not enough free space */
    784 		goto vist_out;
    785 	if (ISCTRL(c & 0x7F)) {
    786 		/* C0 or C1 control character or DEL */
    787 		if (--sz == 0)
    788 			/* not enough free space for two chars */
    789 			goto vist_out;
    790 		*dst++ = (c & 0x80) ? '$' : '^';
    791 		c = UNCTRL(c & 0x7F);
    792 	} else if (UTFMODE && c > 0x7F) {
    793 		/* better not try to display broken multibyte chars */
    794 		/* also go easy on the Unicode: no U+FFFD here */
    795 		c = '?';
    796 	}
    797 	*dst++ = c;
    798 	goto vist_loop;
    799 
    800  vist_out:
    801 	*dst = '\0';
    802 	afree(buf, ATEMP);
    803 }
    804 
    805 #ifdef DEBUG
    806 void
    807 dumpchar(struct shf *shf, int c)
    808 {
    809 	if (ISCTRL(c & 0x7F)) {
    810 		/* C0 or C1 control character or DEL */
    811 		shf_putc((c & 0x80) ? '$' : '^', shf);
    812 		c = UNCTRL(c & 0x7F);
    813 	}
    814 	shf_putc(c, shf);
    815 }
    816 
    817 /* see: wdvarput */
    818 static const char *
    819 dumpwdvar_i(struct shf *shf, const char *wp, int quotelevel)
    820 {
    821 	int c;
    822 
    823 	while (/* CONSTCOND */ 1) {
    824 		switch(*wp++) {
    825 		case EOS:
    826 			shf_puts("EOS", shf);
    827 			return (--wp);
    828 		case ADELIM:
    829 			if (*wp == /*{*/'}') {
    830 				shf_puts(/*{*/ "]ADELIM(})", shf);
    831 				return (wp + 1);
    832 			}
    833 			shf_puts("ADELIM=", shf);
    834 			if (0)
    835 		case CHAR:
    836 				shf_puts("CHAR=", shf);
    837 			dumpchar(shf, *wp++);
    838 			break;
    839 		case QCHAR:
    840 			shf_puts("QCHAR<", shf);
    841 			c = *wp++;
    842 			if (quotelevel == 0 ||
    843 			    (c == '"' || c == '`' || c == '$' || c == '\\'))
    844 				shf_putc('\\', shf);
    845 			dumpchar(shf, c);
    846 			goto closeandout;
    847 		case COMSUB:
    848 			shf_puts("COMSUB<", shf);
    849  dumpsub:
    850 			while ((c = *wp++) != 0)
    851 				dumpchar(shf, c);
    852  closeandout:
    853 			shf_putc('>', shf);
    854 			break;
    855 		case FUNSUB:
    856 			shf_puts("FUNSUB<", shf);
    857 			goto dumpsub;
    858 		case VALSUB:
    859 			shf_puts("VALSUB<", shf);
    860 			goto dumpsub;
    861 		case EXPRSUB:
    862 			shf_puts("EXPRSUB<", shf);
    863 			goto dumpsub;
    864 		case OQUOTE:
    865 			shf_fprintf(shf, "OQUOTE{%d" /*}*/, ++quotelevel);
    866 			break;
    867 		case CQUOTE:
    868 			shf_fprintf(shf, /*{*/ "%d}CQUOTE", quotelevel);
    869 			if (quotelevel)
    870 				quotelevel--;
    871 			else
    872 				shf_puts("(err)", shf);
    873 			break;
    874 		case OSUBST:
    875 			shf_puts("OSUBST(", shf);
    876 			dumpchar(shf, *wp++);
    877 			shf_puts(")[", shf);
    878 			while ((c = *wp++) != 0)
    879 				dumpchar(shf, c);
    880 			shf_putc('|', shf);
    881 			wp = dumpwdvar_i(shf, wp, 0);
    882 			break;
    883 		case CSUBST:
    884 			shf_puts("]CSUBST(", shf);
    885 			dumpchar(shf, *wp++);
    886 			shf_putc(')', shf);
    887 			return (wp);
    888 		case OPAT:
    889 			shf_puts("OPAT=", shf);
    890 			dumpchar(shf, *wp++);
    891 			break;
    892 		case SPAT:
    893 			shf_puts("SPAT", shf);
    894 			break;
    895 		case CPAT:
    896 			shf_puts("CPAT", shf);
    897 			break;
    898 		default:
    899 			shf_fprintf(shf, "INVAL<%u>", (uint8_t)wp[-1]);
    900 			break;
    901 		}
    902 		shf_putc(' ', shf);
    903 	}
    904 }
    905 void
    906 dumpwdvar(struct shf *shf, const char *wp)
    907 {
    908 	dumpwdvar_i(shf, wp, 0);
    909 }
    910 
    911 void
    912 dumpioact(struct shf *shf, struct op *t)
    913 {
    914 	struct ioword **ioact, *iop;
    915 
    916 	if ((ioact = t->ioact) == NULL)
    917 		return;
    918 
    919 	shf_puts("{IOACT", shf);
    920 	while ((iop = *ioact++) != NULL) {
    921 		unsigned short type = iop->ioflag & IOTYPE;
    922 #define DT(x) case x: shf_puts(#x, shf); break;
    923 #define DB(x) if (iop->ioflag & x) shf_puts("|" #x, shf);
    924 
    925 		shf_putc(';', shf);
    926 		switch (type) {
    927 		DT(IOREAD)
    928 		DT(IOWRITE)
    929 		DT(IORDWR)
    930 		DT(IOHERE)
    931 		DT(IOCAT)
    932 		DT(IODUP)
    933 		default:
    934 			shf_fprintf(shf, "unk%d", type);
    935 		}
    936 		DB(IOEVAL)
    937 		DB(IOSKIP)
    938 		DB(IOCLOB)
    939 		DB(IORDUP)
    940 		DB(IONAMEXP)
    941 		DB(IOBASH)
    942 		DB(IOHERESTR)
    943 		DB(IONDELIM)
    944 		shf_fprintf(shf, ",unit=%d", (int)iop->unit);
    945 		if (iop->delim && !(iop->ioflag & IONDELIM)) {
    946 			shf_puts(",delim<", shf);
    947 			dumpwdvar(shf, iop->delim);
    948 			shf_putc('>', shf);
    949 		}
    950 		if (iop->ioname) {
    951 			if (iop->ioflag & IONAMEXP) {
    952 				shf_puts(",name=", shf);
    953 				print_value_quoted(shf, iop->ioname);
    954 			} else {
    955 				shf_puts(",name<", shf);
    956 				dumpwdvar(shf, iop->ioname);
    957 				shf_putc('>', shf);
    958 			}
    959 		}
    960 		if (iop->heredoc) {
    961 			shf_puts(",heredoc=", shf);
    962 			print_value_quoted(shf, iop->heredoc);
    963 		}
    964 #undef DT
    965 #undef DB
    966 	}
    967 	shf_putc('}', shf);
    968 }
    969 
    970 void
    971 dumptree(struct shf *shf, struct op *t)
    972 {
    973 	int i, j;
    974 	const char **w, *name;
    975 	struct op *t1;
    976 	static int nesting;
    977 
    978 	for (i = 0; i < nesting; ++i)
    979 		shf_putc('\t', shf);
    980 	++nesting;
    981 	shf_puts("{tree:" /*}*/, shf);
    982 	if (t == NULL) {
    983 		name = "(null)";
    984 		goto out;
    985 	}
    986 	dumpioact(shf, t);
    987 	switch (t->type) {
    988 #define OPEN(x) case x: name = #x; shf_puts(" {" #x ":", shf); /*}*/
    989 
    990 	OPEN(TCOM)
    991 		if (t->vars) {
    992 			i = 0;
    993 			w = (const char **)t->vars;
    994 			while (*w) {
    995 				shf_putc('\n', shf);
    996 				for (j = 0; j < nesting; ++j)
    997 					shf_putc('\t', shf);
    998 				shf_fprintf(shf, " var%d<", i++);
    999 				dumpwdvar(shf, *w++);
   1000 				shf_putc('>', shf);
   1001 			}
   1002 		} else
   1003 			shf_puts(" #no-vars#", shf);
   1004 		if (t->args) {
   1005 			i = 0;
   1006 			w = t->args;
   1007 			while (*w) {
   1008 				shf_putc('\n', shf);
   1009 				for (j = 0; j < nesting; ++j)
   1010 					shf_putc('\t', shf);
   1011 				shf_fprintf(shf, " arg%d<", i++);
   1012 				dumpwdvar(shf, *w++);
   1013 				shf_putc('>', shf);
   1014 			}
   1015 		} else
   1016 			shf_puts(" #no-args#", shf);
   1017 		break;
   1018 	OPEN(TEXEC)
   1019  dumpleftandout:
   1020 		t = t->left;
   1021  dumpandout:
   1022 		shf_putc('\n', shf);
   1023 		dumptree(shf, t);
   1024 		break;
   1025 	OPEN(TPAREN)
   1026 		goto dumpleftandout;
   1027 	OPEN(TPIPE)
   1028  dumpleftmidrightandout:
   1029 		shf_putc('\n', shf);
   1030 		dumptree(shf, t->left);
   1031 /* middumprightandout: (unused) */
   1032 		shf_fprintf(shf, "/%s:", name);
   1033  dumprightandout:
   1034 		t = t->right;
   1035 		goto dumpandout;
   1036 	OPEN(TLIST)
   1037 		goto dumpleftmidrightandout;
   1038 	OPEN(TOR)
   1039 		goto dumpleftmidrightandout;
   1040 	OPEN(TAND)
   1041 		goto dumpleftmidrightandout;
   1042 	OPEN(TBANG)
   1043 		goto dumprightandout;
   1044 	OPEN(TDBRACKET)
   1045 		i = 0;
   1046 		w = t->args;
   1047 		while (*w) {
   1048 			shf_putc('\n', shf);
   1049 			for (j = 0; j < nesting; ++j)
   1050 				shf_putc('\t', shf);
   1051 			shf_fprintf(shf, " arg%d<", i++);
   1052 			dumpwdvar(shf, *w++);
   1053 			shf_putc('>', shf);
   1054 		}
   1055 		break;
   1056 	OPEN(TFOR)
   1057  dumpfor:
   1058 		shf_fprintf(shf, " str<%s>", t->str);
   1059 		if (t->vars != NULL) {
   1060 			i = 0;
   1061 			w = (const char **)t->vars;
   1062 			while (*w) {
   1063 				shf_putc('\n', shf);
   1064 				for (j = 0; j < nesting; ++j)
   1065 					shf_putc('\t', shf);
   1066 				shf_fprintf(shf, " var%d<", i++);
   1067 				dumpwdvar(shf, *w++);
   1068 				shf_putc('>', shf);
   1069 			}
   1070 		}
   1071 		goto dumpleftandout;
   1072 	OPEN(TSELECT)
   1073 		goto dumpfor;
   1074 	OPEN(TCASE)
   1075 		shf_fprintf(shf, " str<%s>", t->str);
   1076 		i = 0;
   1077 		for (t1 = t->left; t1 != NULL; t1 = t1->right) {
   1078 			shf_putc('\n', shf);
   1079 			for (j = 0; j < nesting; ++j)
   1080 				shf_putc('\t', shf);
   1081 			shf_fprintf(shf, " sub%d[(", i);
   1082 			w = (const char **)t1->vars;
   1083 			while (*w) {
   1084 				dumpwdvar(shf, *w);
   1085 				if (w[1] != NULL)
   1086 					shf_putc('|', shf);
   1087 				++w;
   1088 			}
   1089 			shf_putc(')', shf);
   1090 			dumpioact(shf, t);
   1091 			shf_putc('\n', shf);
   1092 			dumptree(shf, t1->left);
   1093 			shf_fprintf(shf, " ;%c/%d]", t1->u.charflag, i++);
   1094 		}
   1095 		break;
   1096 	OPEN(TWHILE)
   1097 		goto dumpleftmidrightandout;
   1098 	OPEN(TUNTIL)
   1099 		goto dumpleftmidrightandout;
   1100 	OPEN(TBRACE)
   1101 		goto dumpleftandout;
   1102 	OPEN(TCOPROC)
   1103 		goto dumpleftandout;
   1104 	OPEN(TASYNC)
   1105 		goto dumpleftandout;
   1106 	OPEN(TFUNCT)
   1107 		shf_fprintf(shf, " str<%s> ksh<%s>", t->str,
   1108 		    t->u.ksh_func ? Ttrue : Tfalse);
   1109 		goto dumpleftandout;
   1110 	OPEN(TTIME)
   1111 		goto dumpleftandout;
   1112 	OPEN(TIF)
   1113  dumpif:
   1114 		shf_putc('\n', shf);
   1115 		dumptree(shf, t->left);
   1116 		t = t->right;
   1117 		dumpioact(shf, t);
   1118 		if (t->left != NULL) {
   1119 			shf_puts(" /TTHEN:\n", shf);
   1120 			dumptree(shf, t->left);
   1121 		}
   1122 		if (t->right && t->right->type == TELIF) {
   1123 			shf_puts(" /TELIF:", shf);
   1124 			t = t->right;
   1125 			dumpioact(shf, t);
   1126 			goto dumpif;
   1127 		}
   1128 		if (t->right != NULL) {
   1129 			shf_puts(" /TELSE:\n", shf);
   1130 			dumptree(shf, t->right);
   1131 		}
   1132 		break;
   1133 	OPEN(TEOF)
   1134  dumpunexpected:
   1135 		shf_puts(Tunexpected, shf);
   1136 		break;
   1137 	OPEN(TELIF)
   1138 		goto dumpunexpected;
   1139 	OPEN(TPAT)
   1140 		goto dumpunexpected;
   1141 	default:
   1142 		name = "TINVALID";
   1143 		shf_fprintf(shf, "{T<%d>:" /*}*/, t->type);
   1144 		goto dumpunexpected;
   1145 
   1146 #undef OPEN
   1147 	}
   1148  out:
   1149 	shf_fprintf(shf, /*{*/ " /%s}\n", name);
   1150 	--nesting;
   1151 }
   1152 #endif
   1153