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      1 // This file is part of Eigen, a lightweight C++ template library
      2 // for linear algebra.
      3 //
      4 // Copyright (C) 2007-2010 Benoit Jacob <jacob.benoit.1 (at) gmail.com>
      5 // Copyright (C) 2008-2010 Gael Guennebaud <gael.guennebaud (at) inria.fr>
      6 //
      7 // This Source Code Form is subject to the terms of the Mozilla
      8 // Public License v. 2.0. If a copy of the MPL was not distributed
      9 // with this file, You can obtain one at http://mozilla.org/MPL/2.0/.
     10 
     11 #ifndef EIGEN_DENSEBASE_H
     12 #define EIGEN_DENSEBASE_H
     13 
     14 namespace Eigen {
     15 
     16 namespace internal {
     17 
     18 // The index type defined by EIGEN_DEFAULT_DENSE_INDEX_TYPE must be a signed type.
     19 // This dummy function simply aims at checking that at compile time.
     20 static inline void check_DenseIndex_is_signed() {
     21   EIGEN_STATIC_ASSERT(NumTraits<DenseIndex>::IsSigned,THE_INDEX_TYPE_MUST_BE_A_SIGNED_TYPE);
     22 }
     23 
     24 } // end namespace internal
     25 
     26 /** \class DenseBase
     27   * \ingroup Core_Module
     28   *
     29   * \brief Base class for all dense matrices, vectors, and arrays
     30   *
     31   * This class is the base that is inherited by all dense objects (matrix, vector, arrays,
     32   * and related expression types). The common Eigen API for dense objects is contained in this class.
     33   *
     34   * \tparam Derived is the derived type, e.g., a matrix type or an expression.
     35   *
     36   * This class can be extended with the help of the plugin mechanism described on the page
     37   * \ref TopicCustomizing_Plugins by defining the preprocessor symbol \c EIGEN_DENSEBASE_PLUGIN.
     38   *
     39   * \sa \blank \ref TopicClassHierarchy
     40   */
     41 template<typename Derived> class DenseBase
     42 #ifndef EIGEN_PARSED_BY_DOXYGEN
     43   : public DenseCoeffsBase<Derived>
     44 #else
     45   : public DenseCoeffsBase<Derived,DirectWriteAccessors>
     46 #endif // not EIGEN_PARSED_BY_DOXYGEN
     47 {
     48   public:
     49 
     50     /** Inner iterator type to iterate over the coefficients of a row or column.
     51       * \sa class InnerIterator
     52       */
     53     typedef Eigen::InnerIterator<Derived> InnerIterator;
     54 
     55     typedef typename internal::traits<Derived>::StorageKind StorageKind;
     56 
     57     /**
     58       * \brief The type used to store indices
     59       * \details This typedef is relevant for types that store multiple indices such as
     60       *          PermutationMatrix or Transpositions, otherwise it defaults to Eigen::Index
     61       * \sa \blank \ref TopicPreprocessorDirectives, Eigen::Index, SparseMatrixBase.
     62      */
     63     typedef typename internal::traits<Derived>::StorageIndex StorageIndex;
     64 
     65     /** The numeric type of the expression' coefficients, e.g. float, double, int or std::complex<float>, etc. */
     66     typedef typename internal::traits<Derived>::Scalar Scalar;
     67 
     68     /** The numeric type of the expression' coefficients, e.g. float, double, int or std::complex<float>, etc.
     69       *
     70       * It is an alias for the Scalar type */
     71     typedef Scalar value_type;
     72 
     73     typedef typename NumTraits<Scalar>::Real RealScalar;
     74     typedef DenseCoeffsBase<Derived> Base;
     75 
     76     using Base::derived;
     77     using Base::const_cast_derived;
     78     using Base::rows;
     79     using Base::cols;
     80     using Base::size;
     81     using Base::rowIndexByOuterInner;
     82     using Base::colIndexByOuterInner;
     83     using Base::coeff;
     84     using Base::coeffByOuterInner;
     85     using Base::operator();
     86     using Base::operator[];
     87     using Base::x;
     88     using Base::y;
     89     using Base::z;
     90     using Base::w;
     91     using Base::stride;
     92     using Base::innerStride;
     93     using Base::outerStride;
     94     using Base::rowStride;
     95     using Base::colStride;
     96     typedef typename Base::CoeffReturnType CoeffReturnType;
     97 
     98     enum {
     99 
    100       RowsAtCompileTime = internal::traits<Derived>::RowsAtCompileTime,
    101         /**< The number of rows at compile-time. This is just a copy of the value provided
    102           * by the \a Derived type. If a value is not known at compile-time,
    103           * it is set to the \a Dynamic constant.
    104           * \sa MatrixBase::rows(), MatrixBase::cols(), ColsAtCompileTime, SizeAtCompileTime */
    105 
    106       ColsAtCompileTime = internal::traits<Derived>::ColsAtCompileTime,
    107         /**< The number of columns at compile-time. This is just a copy of the value provided
    108           * by the \a Derived type. If a value is not known at compile-time,
    109           * it is set to the \a Dynamic constant.
    110           * \sa MatrixBase::rows(), MatrixBase::cols(), RowsAtCompileTime, SizeAtCompileTime */
    111 
    112 
    113       SizeAtCompileTime = (internal::size_at_compile_time<internal::traits<Derived>::RowsAtCompileTime,
    114                                                    internal::traits<Derived>::ColsAtCompileTime>::ret),
    115         /**< This is equal to the number of coefficients, i.e. the number of
    116           * rows times the number of columns, or to \a Dynamic if this is not
    117           * known at compile-time. \sa RowsAtCompileTime, ColsAtCompileTime */
    118 
    119       MaxRowsAtCompileTime = internal::traits<Derived>::MaxRowsAtCompileTime,
    120         /**< This value is equal to the maximum possible number of rows that this expression
    121           * might have. If this expression might have an arbitrarily high number of rows,
    122           * this value is set to \a Dynamic.
    123           *
    124           * This value is useful to know when evaluating an expression, in order to determine
    125           * whether it is possible to avoid doing a dynamic memory allocation.
    126           *
    127           * \sa RowsAtCompileTime, MaxColsAtCompileTime, MaxSizeAtCompileTime
    128           */
    129 
    130       MaxColsAtCompileTime = internal::traits<Derived>::MaxColsAtCompileTime,
    131         /**< This value is equal to the maximum possible number of columns that this expression
    132           * might have. If this expression might have an arbitrarily high number of columns,
    133           * this value is set to \a Dynamic.
    134           *
    135           * This value is useful to know when evaluating an expression, in order to determine
    136           * whether it is possible to avoid doing a dynamic memory allocation.
    137           *
    138           * \sa ColsAtCompileTime, MaxRowsAtCompileTime, MaxSizeAtCompileTime
    139           */
    140 
    141       MaxSizeAtCompileTime = (internal::size_at_compile_time<internal::traits<Derived>::MaxRowsAtCompileTime,
    142                                                       internal::traits<Derived>::MaxColsAtCompileTime>::ret),
    143         /**< This value is equal to the maximum possible number of coefficients that this expression
    144           * might have. If this expression might have an arbitrarily high number of coefficients,
    145           * this value is set to \a Dynamic.
    146           *
    147           * This value is useful to know when evaluating an expression, in order to determine
    148           * whether it is possible to avoid doing a dynamic memory allocation.
    149           *
    150           * \sa SizeAtCompileTime, MaxRowsAtCompileTime, MaxColsAtCompileTime
    151           */
    152 
    153       IsVectorAtCompileTime = internal::traits<Derived>::MaxRowsAtCompileTime == 1
    154                            || internal::traits<Derived>::MaxColsAtCompileTime == 1,
    155         /**< This is set to true if either the number of rows or the number of
    156           * columns is known at compile-time to be equal to 1. Indeed, in that case,
    157           * we are dealing with a column-vector (if there is only one column) or with
    158           * a row-vector (if there is only one row). */
    159 
    160       Flags = internal::traits<Derived>::Flags,
    161         /**< This stores expression \ref flags flags which may or may not be inherited by new expressions
    162           * constructed from this one. See the \ref flags "list of flags".
    163           */
    164 
    165       IsRowMajor = int(Flags) & RowMajorBit, /**< True if this expression has row-major storage order. */
    166 
    167       InnerSizeAtCompileTime = int(IsVectorAtCompileTime) ? int(SizeAtCompileTime)
    168                              : int(IsRowMajor) ? int(ColsAtCompileTime) : int(RowsAtCompileTime),
    169 
    170       InnerStrideAtCompileTime = internal::inner_stride_at_compile_time<Derived>::ret,
    171       OuterStrideAtCompileTime = internal::outer_stride_at_compile_time<Derived>::ret
    172     };
    173 
    174     typedef typename internal::find_best_packet<Scalar,SizeAtCompileTime>::type PacketScalar;
    175 
    176     enum { IsPlainObjectBase = 0 };
    177 
    178     /** The plain matrix type corresponding to this expression.
    179       * \sa PlainObject */
    180     typedef Matrix<typename internal::traits<Derived>::Scalar,
    181                 internal::traits<Derived>::RowsAtCompileTime,
    182                 internal::traits<Derived>::ColsAtCompileTime,
    183                 AutoAlign | (internal::traits<Derived>::Flags&RowMajorBit ? RowMajor : ColMajor),
    184                 internal::traits<Derived>::MaxRowsAtCompileTime,
    185                 internal::traits<Derived>::MaxColsAtCompileTime
    186           > PlainMatrix;
    187 
    188     /** The plain array type corresponding to this expression.
    189       * \sa PlainObject */
    190     typedef Array<typename internal::traits<Derived>::Scalar,
    191                 internal::traits<Derived>::RowsAtCompileTime,
    192                 internal::traits<Derived>::ColsAtCompileTime,
    193                 AutoAlign | (internal::traits<Derived>::Flags&RowMajorBit ? RowMajor : ColMajor),
    194                 internal::traits<Derived>::MaxRowsAtCompileTime,
    195                 internal::traits<Derived>::MaxColsAtCompileTime
    196           > PlainArray;
    197 
    198     /** \brief The plain matrix or array type corresponding to this expression.
    199       *
    200       * This is not necessarily exactly the return type of eval(). In the case of plain matrices,
    201       * the return type of eval() is a const reference to a matrix, not a matrix! It is however guaranteed
    202       * that the return type of eval() is either PlainObject or const PlainObject&.
    203       */
    204     typedef typename internal::conditional<internal::is_same<typename internal::traits<Derived>::XprKind,MatrixXpr >::value,
    205                                  PlainMatrix, PlainArray>::type PlainObject;
    206 
    207     /** \returns the number of nonzero coefficients which is in practice the number
    208       * of stored coefficients. */
    209     EIGEN_DEVICE_FUNC
    210     inline Index nonZeros() const { return size(); }
    211 
    212     /** \returns the outer size.
    213       *
    214       * \note For a vector, this returns just 1. For a matrix (non-vector), this is the major dimension
    215       * with respect to the \ref TopicStorageOrders "storage order", i.e., the number of columns for a
    216       * column-major matrix, and the number of rows for a row-major matrix. */
    217     EIGEN_DEVICE_FUNC
    218     Index outerSize() const
    219     {
    220       return IsVectorAtCompileTime ? 1
    221            : int(IsRowMajor) ? this->rows() : this->cols();
    222     }
    223 
    224     /** \returns the inner size.
    225       *
    226       * \note For a vector, this is just the size. For a matrix (non-vector), this is the minor dimension
    227       * with respect to the \ref TopicStorageOrders "storage order", i.e., the number of rows for a
    228       * column-major matrix, and the number of columns for a row-major matrix. */
    229     EIGEN_DEVICE_FUNC
    230     Index innerSize() const
    231     {
    232       return IsVectorAtCompileTime ? this->size()
    233            : int(IsRowMajor) ? this->cols() : this->rows();
    234     }
    235 
    236     /** Only plain matrices/arrays, not expressions, may be resized; therefore the only useful resize methods are
    237       * Matrix::resize() and Array::resize(). The present method only asserts that the new size equals the old size, and does
    238       * nothing else.
    239       */
    240     EIGEN_DEVICE_FUNC
    241     void resize(Index newSize)
    242     {
    243       EIGEN_ONLY_USED_FOR_DEBUG(newSize);
    244       eigen_assert(newSize == this->size()
    245                 && "DenseBase::resize() does not actually allow to resize.");
    246     }
    247     /** Only plain matrices/arrays, not expressions, may be resized; therefore the only useful resize methods are
    248       * Matrix::resize() and Array::resize(). The present method only asserts that the new size equals the old size, and does
    249       * nothing else.
    250       */
    251     EIGEN_DEVICE_FUNC
    252     void resize(Index rows, Index cols)
    253     {
    254       EIGEN_ONLY_USED_FOR_DEBUG(rows);
    255       EIGEN_ONLY_USED_FOR_DEBUG(cols);
    256       eigen_assert(rows == this->rows() && cols == this->cols()
    257                 && "DenseBase::resize() does not actually allow to resize.");
    258     }
    259 
    260 #ifndef EIGEN_PARSED_BY_DOXYGEN
    261     /** \internal Represents a matrix with all coefficients equal to one another*/
    262     typedef CwiseNullaryOp<internal::scalar_constant_op<Scalar>,PlainObject> ConstantReturnType;
    263     /** \internal \deprecated Represents a vector with linearly spaced coefficients that allows sequential access only. */
    264     typedef CwiseNullaryOp<internal::linspaced_op<Scalar,PacketScalar>,PlainObject> SequentialLinSpacedReturnType;
    265     /** \internal Represents a vector with linearly spaced coefficients that allows random access. */
    266     typedef CwiseNullaryOp<internal::linspaced_op<Scalar,PacketScalar>,PlainObject> RandomAccessLinSpacedReturnType;
    267     /** \internal the return type of MatrixBase::eigenvalues() */
    268     typedef Matrix<typename NumTraits<typename internal::traits<Derived>::Scalar>::Real, internal::traits<Derived>::ColsAtCompileTime, 1> EigenvaluesReturnType;
    269 
    270 #endif // not EIGEN_PARSED_BY_DOXYGEN
    271 
    272     /** Copies \a other into *this. \returns a reference to *this. */
    273     template<typename OtherDerived>
    274     EIGEN_DEVICE_FUNC EIGEN_STRONG_INLINE
    275     Derived& operator=(const DenseBase<OtherDerived>& other);
    276 
    277     /** Special case of the template operator=, in order to prevent the compiler
    278       * from generating a default operator= (issue hit with g++ 4.1)
    279       */
    280     EIGEN_DEVICE_FUNC EIGEN_STRONG_INLINE
    281     Derived& operator=(const DenseBase& other);
    282 
    283     template<typename OtherDerived>
    284     EIGEN_DEVICE_FUNC
    285     Derived& operator=(const EigenBase<OtherDerived> &other);
    286 
    287     template<typename OtherDerived>
    288     EIGEN_DEVICE_FUNC
    289     Derived& operator+=(const EigenBase<OtherDerived> &other);
    290 
    291     template<typename OtherDerived>
    292     EIGEN_DEVICE_FUNC
    293     Derived& operator-=(const EigenBase<OtherDerived> &other);
    294 
    295     template<typename OtherDerived>
    296     EIGEN_DEVICE_FUNC
    297     Derived& operator=(const ReturnByValue<OtherDerived>& func);
    298 
    299     /** \internal
    300       * Copies \a other into *this without evaluating other. \returns a reference to *this.
    301       * \deprecated */
    302     template<typename OtherDerived>
    303     EIGEN_DEVICE_FUNC
    304     Derived& lazyAssign(const DenseBase<OtherDerived>& other);
    305 
    306     EIGEN_DEVICE_FUNC
    307     CommaInitializer<Derived> operator<< (const Scalar& s);
    308 
    309     /** \deprecated it now returns \c *this */
    310     template<unsigned int Added,unsigned int Removed>
    311     EIGEN_DEPRECATED
    312     const Derived& flagged() const
    313     { return derived(); }
    314 
    315     template<typename OtherDerived>
    316     EIGEN_DEVICE_FUNC
    317     CommaInitializer<Derived> operator<< (const DenseBase<OtherDerived>& other);
    318 
    319     typedef Transpose<Derived> TransposeReturnType;
    320     EIGEN_DEVICE_FUNC
    321     TransposeReturnType transpose();
    322     typedef typename internal::add_const<Transpose<const Derived> >::type ConstTransposeReturnType;
    323     EIGEN_DEVICE_FUNC
    324     ConstTransposeReturnType transpose() const;
    325     EIGEN_DEVICE_FUNC
    326     void transposeInPlace();
    327 
    328     EIGEN_DEVICE_FUNC static const ConstantReturnType
    329     Constant(Index rows, Index cols, const Scalar& value);
    330     EIGEN_DEVICE_FUNC static const ConstantReturnType
    331     Constant(Index size, const Scalar& value);
    332     EIGEN_DEVICE_FUNC static const ConstantReturnType
    333     Constant(const Scalar& value);
    334 
    335     EIGEN_DEVICE_FUNC static const SequentialLinSpacedReturnType
    336     LinSpaced(Sequential_t, Index size, const Scalar& low, const Scalar& high);
    337     EIGEN_DEVICE_FUNC static const RandomAccessLinSpacedReturnType
    338     LinSpaced(Index size, const Scalar& low, const Scalar& high);
    339     EIGEN_DEVICE_FUNC static const SequentialLinSpacedReturnType
    340     LinSpaced(Sequential_t, const Scalar& low, const Scalar& high);
    341     EIGEN_DEVICE_FUNC static const RandomAccessLinSpacedReturnType
    342     LinSpaced(const Scalar& low, const Scalar& high);
    343 
    344     template<typename CustomNullaryOp> EIGEN_DEVICE_FUNC
    345     static const CwiseNullaryOp<CustomNullaryOp, PlainObject>
    346     NullaryExpr(Index rows, Index cols, const CustomNullaryOp& func);
    347     template<typename CustomNullaryOp> EIGEN_DEVICE_FUNC
    348     static const CwiseNullaryOp<CustomNullaryOp, PlainObject>
    349     NullaryExpr(Index size, const CustomNullaryOp& func);
    350     template<typename CustomNullaryOp> EIGEN_DEVICE_FUNC
    351     static const CwiseNullaryOp<CustomNullaryOp, PlainObject>
    352     NullaryExpr(const CustomNullaryOp& func);
    353 
    354     EIGEN_DEVICE_FUNC static const ConstantReturnType Zero(Index rows, Index cols);
    355     EIGEN_DEVICE_FUNC static const ConstantReturnType Zero(Index size);
    356     EIGEN_DEVICE_FUNC static const ConstantReturnType Zero();
    357     EIGEN_DEVICE_FUNC static const ConstantReturnType Ones(Index rows, Index cols);
    358     EIGEN_DEVICE_FUNC static const ConstantReturnType Ones(Index size);
    359     EIGEN_DEVICE_FUNC static const ConstantReturnType Ones();
    360 
    361     EIGEN_DEVICE_FUNC void fill(const Scalar& value);
    362     EIGEN_DEVICE_FUNC Derived& setConstant(const Scalar& value);
    363     EIGEN_DEVICE_FUNC Derived& setLinSpaced(Index size, const Scalar& low, const Scalar& high);
    364     EIGEN_DEVICE_FUNC Derived& setLinSpaced(const Scalar& low, const Scalar& high);
    365     EIGEN_DEVICE_FUNC Derived& setZero();
    366     EIGEN_DEVICE_FUNC Derived& setOnes();
    367     EIGEN_DEVICE_FUNC Derived& setRandom();
    368 
    369     template<typename OtherDerived> EIGEN_DEVICE_FUNC
    370     bool isApprox(const DenseBase<OtherDerived>& other,
    371                   const RealScalar& prec = NumTraits<Scalar>::dummy_precision()) const;
    372     EIGEN_DEVICE_FUNC
    373     bool isMuchSmallerThan(const RealScalar& other,
    374                            const RealScalar& prec = NumTraits<Scalar>::dummy_precision()) const;
    375     template<typename OtherDerived> EIGEN_DEVICE_FUNC
    376     bool isMuchSmallerThan(const DenseBase<OtherDerived>& other,
    377                            const RealScalar& prec = NumTraits<Scalar>::dummy_precision()) const;
    378 
    379     EIGEN_DEVICE_FUNC bool isApproxToConstant(const Scalar& value, const RealScalar& prec = NumTraits<Scalar>::dummy_precision()) const;
    380     EIGEN_DEVICE_FUNC bool isConstant(const Scalar& value, const RealScalar& prec = NumTraits<Scalar>::dummy_precision()) const;
    381     EIGEN_DEVICE_FUNC bool isZero(const RealScalar& prec = NumTraits<Scalar>::dummy_precision()) const;
    382     EIGEN_DEVICE_FUNC bool isOnes(const RealScalar& prec = NumTraits<Scalar>::dummy_precision()) const;
    383 
    384     inline bool hasNaN() const;
    385     inline bool allFinite() const;
    386 
    387     EIGEN_DEVICE_FUNC EIGEN_STRONG_INLINE
    388     Derived& operator*=(const Scalar& other);
    389     EIGEN_DEVICE_FUNC EIGEN_STRONG_INLINE
    390     Derived& operator/=(const Scalar& other);
    391 
    392     typedef typename internal::add_const_on_value_type<typename internal::eval<Derived>::type>::type EvalReturnType;
    393     /** \returns the matrix or vector obtained by evaluating this expression.
    394       *
    395       * Notice that in the case of a plain matrix or vector (not an expression) this function just returns
    396       * a const reference, in order to avoid a useless copy.
    397       *
    398       * \warning Be carefull with eval() and the auto C++ keyword, as detailed in this \link TopicPitfalls_auto_keyword page \endlink.
    399       */
    400     EIGEN_DEVICE_FUNC
    401     EIGEN_STRONG_INLINE EvalReturnType eval() const
    402     {
    403       // Even though MSVC does not honor strong inlining when the return type
    404       // is a dynamic matrix, we desperately need strong inlining for fixed
    405       // size types on MSVC.
    406       return typename internal::eval<Derived>::type(derived());
    407     }
    408 
    409     /** swaps *this with the expression \a other.
    410       *
    411       */
    412     template<typename OtherDerived>
    413     EIGEN_DEVICE_FUNC
    414     void swap(const DenseBase<OtherDerived>& other)
    415     {
    416       EIGEN_STATIC_ASSERT(!OtherDerived::IsPlainObjectBase,THIS_EXPRESSION_IS_NOT_A_LVALUE__IT_IS_READ_ONLY);
    417       eigen_assert(rows()==other.rows() && cols()==other.cols());
    418       call_assignment(derived(), other.const_cast_derived(), internal::swap_assign_op<Scalar>());
    419     }
    420 
    421     /** swaps *this with the matrix or array \a other.
    422       *
    423       */
    424     template<typename OtherDerived>
    425     EIGEN_DEVICE_FUNC
    426     void swap(PlainObjectBase<OtherDerived>& other)
    427     {
    428       eigen_assert(rows()==other.rows() && cols()==other.cols());
    429       call_assignment(derived(), other.derived(), internal::swap_assign_op<Scalar>());
    430     }
    431 
    432     EIGEN_DEVICE_FUNC inline const NestByValue<Derived> nestByValue() const;
    433     EIGEN_DEVICE_FUNC inline const ForceAlignedAccess<Derived> forceAlignedAccess() const;
    434     EIGEN_DEVICE_FUNC inline ForceAlignedAccess<Derived> forceAlignedAccess();
    435     template<bool Enable> EIGEN_DEVICE_FUNC
    436     inline const typename internal::conditional<Enable,ForceAlignedAccess<Derived>,Derived&>::type forceAlignedAccessIf() const;
    437     template<bool Enable> EIGEN_DEVICE_FUNC
    438     inline typename internal::conditional<Enable,ForceAlignedAccess<Derived>,Derived&>::type forceAlignedAccessIf();
    439 
    440     EIGEN_DEVICE_FUNC Scalar sum() const;
    441     EIGEN_DEVICE_FUNC Scalar mean() const;
    442     EIGEN_DEVICE_FUNC Scalar trace() const;
    443 
    444     EIGEN_DEVICE_FUNC Scalar prod() const;
    445 
    446     EIGEN_DEVICE_FUNC typename internal::traits<Derived>::Scalar minCoeff() const;
    447     EIGEN_DEVICE_FUNC typename internal::traits<Derived>::Scalar maxCoeff() const;
    448 
    449     template<typename IndexType> EIGEN_DEVICE_FUNC
    450     typename internal::traits<Derived>::Scalar minCoeff(IndexType* row, IndexType* col) const;
    451     template<typename IndexType> EIGEN_DEVICE_FUNC
    452     typename internal::traits<Derived>::Scalar maxCoeff(IndexType* row, IndexType* col) const;
    453     template<typename IndexType> EIGEN_DEVICE_FUNC
    454     typename internal::traits<Derived>::Scalar minCoeff(IndexType* index) const;
    455     template<typename IndexType> EIGEN_DEVICE_FUNC
    456     typename internal::traits<Derived>::Scalar maxCoeff(IndexType* index) const;
    457 
    458     template<typename BinaryOp>
    459     EIGEN_DEVICE_FUNC
    460     Scalar redux(const BinaryOp& func) const;
    461 
    462     template<typename Visitor>
    463     EIGEN_DEVICE_FUNC
    464     void visit(Visitor& func) const;
    465 
    466     /** \returns a WithFormat proxy object allowing to print a matrix the with given
    467       * format \a fmt.
    468       *
    469       * See class IOFormat for some examples.
    470       *
    471       * \sa class IOFormat, class WithFormat
    472       */
    473     inline const WithFormat<Derived> format(const IOFormat& fmt) const
    474     {
    475       return WithFormat<Derived>(derived(), fmt);
    476     }
    477 
    478     /** \returns the unique coefficient of a 1x1 expression */
    479     EIGEN_DEVICE_FUNC
    480     CoeffReturnType value() const
    481     {
    482       EIGEN_STATIC_ASSERT_SIZE_1x1(Derived)
    483       eigen_assert(this->rows() == 1 && this->cols() == 1);
    484       return derived().coeff(0,0);
    485     }
    486 
    487     EIGEN_DEVICE_FUNC bool all() const;
    488     EIGEN_DEVICE_FUNC bool any() const;
    489     EIGEN_DEVICE_FUNC Index count() const;
    490 
    491     typedef VectorwiseOp<Derived, Horizontal> RowwiseReturnType;
    492     typedef const VectorwiseOp<const Derived, Horizontal> ConstRowwiseReturnType;
    493     typedef VectorwiseOp<Derived, Vertical> ColwiseReturnType;
    494     typedef const VectorwiseOp<const Derived, Vertical> ConstColwiseReturnType;
    495 
    496     /** \returns a VectorwiseOp wrapper of *this providing additional partial reduction operations
    497     *
    498     * Example: \include MatrixBase_rowwise.cpp
    499     * Output: \verbinclude MatrixBase_rowwise.out
    500     *
    501     * \sa colwise(), class VectorwiseOp, \ref TutorialReductionsVisitorsBroadcasting
    502     */
    503     //Code moved here due to a CUDA compiler bug
    504     EIGEN_DEVICE_FUNC inline ConstRowwiseReturnType rowwise() const {
    505       return ConstRowwiseReturnType(derived());
    506     }
    507     EIGEN_DEVICE_FUNC RowwiseReturnType rowwise();
    508 
    509     /** \returns a VectorwiseOp wrapper of *this providing additional partial reduction operations
    510     *
    511     * Example: \include MatrixBase_colwise.cpp
    512     * Output: \verbinclude MatrixBase_colwise.out
    513     *
    514     * \sa rowwise(), class VectorwiseOp, \ref TutorialReductionsVisitorsBroadcasting
    515     */
    516     EIGEN_DEVICE_FUNC inline ConstColwiseReturnType colwise() const {
    517       return ConstColwiseReturnType(derived());
    518     }
    519     EIGEN_DEVICE_FUNC ColwiseReturnType colwise();
    520 
    521     typedef CwiseNullaryOp<internal::scalar_random_op<Scalar>,PlainObject> RandomReturnType;
    522     static const RandomReturnType Random(Index rows, Index cols);
    523     static const RandomReturnType Random(Index size);
    524     static const RandomReturnType Random();
    525 
    526     template<typename ThenDerived,typename ElseDerived>
    527     const Select<Derived,ThenDerived,ElseDerived>
    528     select(const DenseBase<ThenDerived>& thenMatrix,
    529            const DenseBase<ElseDerived>& elseMatrix) const;
    530 
    531     template<typename ThenDerived>
    532     inline const Select<Derived,ThenDerived, typename ThenDerived::ConstantReturnType>
    533     select(const DenseBase<ThenDerived>& thenMatrix, const typename ThenDerived::Scalar& elseScalar) const;
    534 
    535     template<typename ElseDerived>
    536     inline const Select<Derived, typename ElseDerived::ConstantReturnType, ElseDerived >
    537     select(const typename ElseDerived::Scalar& thenScalar, const DenseBase<ElseDerived>& elseMatrix) const;
    538 
    539     template<int p> RealScalar lpNorm() const;
    540 
    541     template<int RowFactor, int ColFactor>
    542     EIGEN_DEVICE_FUNC
    543     const Replicate<Derived,RowFactor,ColFactor> replicate() const;
    544     /**
    545     * \return an expression of the replication of \c *this
    546     *
    547     * Example: \include MatrixBase_replicate_int_int.cpp
    548     * Output: \verbinclude MatrixBase_replicate_int_int.out
    549     *
    550     * \sa VectorwiseOp::replicate(), DenseBase::replicate<int,int>(), class Replicate
    551     */
    552     //Code moved here due to a CUDA compiler bug
    553     EIGEN_DEVICE_FUNC
    554     const Replicate<Derived, Dynamic, Dynamic> replicate(Index rowFactor, Index colFactor) const
    555     {
    556       return Replicate<Derived, Dynamic, Dynamic>(derived(), rowFactor, colFactor);
    557     }
    558 
    559     typedef Reverse<Derived, BothDirections> ReverseReturnType;
    560     typedef const Reverse<const Derived, BothDirections> ConstReverseReturnType;
    561     EIGEN_DEVICE_FUNC ReverseReturnType reverse();
    562     /** This is the const version of reverse(). */
    563     //Code moved here due to a CUDA compiler bug
    564     EIGEN_DEVICE_FUNC ConstReverseReturnType reverse() const
    565     {
    566       return ConstReverseReturnType(derived());
    567     }
    568     EIGEN_DEVICE_FUNC void reverseInPlace();
    569 
    570 #define EIGEN_CURRENT_STORAGE_BASE_CLASS Eigen::DenseBase
    571 #define EIGEN_DOC_BLOCK_ADDONS_NOT_INNER_PANEL
    572 #define EIGEN_DOC_BLOCK_ADDONS_INNER_PANEL_IF(COND)
    573 #   include "../plugins/BlockMethods.h"
    574 #   ifdef EIGEN_DENSEBASE_PLUGIN
    575 #     include EIGEN_DENSEBASE_PLUGIN
    576 #   endif
    577 #undef EIGEN_CURRENT_STORAGE_BASE_CLASS
    578 #undef EIGEN_DOC_BLOCK_ADDONS_NOT_INNER_PANEL
    579 #undef EIGEN_DOC_BLOCK_ADDONS_INNER_PANEL_IF
    580 
    581     // disable the use of evalTo for dense objects with a nice compilation error
    582     template<typename Dest>
    583     EIGEN_DEVICE_FUNC
    584     inline void evalTo(Dest& ) const
    585     {
    586       EIGEN_STATIC_ASSERT((internal::is_same<Dest,void>::value),THE_EVAL_EVALTO_FUNCTION_SHOULD_NEVER_BE_CALLED_FOR_DENSE_OBJECTS);
    587     }
    588 
    589   protected:
    590     /** Default constructor. Do nothing. */
    591     EIGEN_DEVICE_FUNC DenseBase()
    592     {
    593       /* Just checks for self-consistency of the flags.
    594        * Only do it when debugging Eigen, as this borders on paranoiac and could slow compilation down
    595        */
    596 #ifdef EIGEN_INTERNAL_DEBUGGING
    597       EIGEN_STATIC_ASSERT((EIGEN_IMPLIES(MaxRowsAtCompileTime==1 && MaxColsAtCompileTime!=1, int(IsRowMajor))
    598                         && EIGEN_IMPLIES(MaxColsAtCompileTime==1 && MaxRowsAtCompileTime!=1, int(!IsRowMajor))),
    599                           INVALID_STORAGE_ORDER_FOR_THIS_VECTOR_EXPRESSION)
    600 #endif
    601     }
    602 
    603   private:
    604     EIGEN_DEVICE_FUNC explicit DenseBase(int);
    605     EIGEN_DEVICE_FUNC DenseBase(int,int);
    606     template<typename OtherDerived> EIGEN_DEVICE_FUNC explicit DenseBase(const DenseBase<OtherDerived>&);
    607 };
    608 
    609 } // end namespace Eigen
    610 
    611 #endif // EIGEN_DENSEBASE_H
    612