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371 </li><li>Namespace names are HTTP URIs. Namespace names SHOULD take the form <span style="font-family: Courier New;">https://example.com/</span><i style="font-family: Courier New;">whatever</i><span style="font-family: Courier New;">/</span><i><span style="font-family: Courier New;">year</span>, </i>where <i>whatever</i> is a unique value based on the name of the document type, and <i>year</i>
395 7. Values</h2><ol><li>Numeric values SHOULD be 32-bit signed integers, 64-bit signed integers, or 64-bit IEEE doubles, all expressed in base 10. These correspond to the XML Schema types <span style="font-family: Courier New;">xsd:int</span>, <span style="font-family: Courier New;">xsd:long</span>, and <span style="font-family: Courier New;">xsd:double</span> respectively. If required in particular cases, <span style="font-family: Courier New;">xsd:integer</span> (unlimited-precision integer) values MAY also be used. [<i>Rationale:</i> There are far too many numeric types in XML Schema: these provide a reasonable subset.] <br><br></li><li>
397 Boolean values SHOULD NOT be used (use enumerations instead). If they must be used, they MUST be expressed as <span style="font-family: Courier New;">true</span> or <span style="font-family: Courier New;">false</span>, corresponding to a subset of the XML Schema type <span style="font-family: Courier New;">xsd:boolean</span>. The alternative <span style="font-family: Courier New;">xsd:boolean</span> values <span style="font-family: Courier New;">1</span> and <span style="font-family: Courier New;">0</span> MUST NOT be used. [<i>Rationale:</i> Boolean arguments are not extensible. The additional flexibility of allowing numeric values is not abstracted away by any parser.]<br><br></li><li>Dates should be represented using <a title="RFC 3339" href="https://www.ietf.org/rfc/rfc3339.txt" id="sk98">RFC 3339</a> format, a subset of both
398 ISO 8601 format and XML Schema <span style="font-family: Courier New;">xsd:dateTime</span> format. UTC times SHOULD be used rather than local times.
411 Simple key-value pairs SHOULD be represented with an empty element whose name represents the key, with the <span style="font-family: Courier New;">value</span> attribute containing the value. Elements that have a <span style="font-family: Courier New;">value</span> attribute MAY also have a <span style="font-family: Courier New;">unit</span> attribute to specify the unit of a measured value. For physical measurements, the <a title="SI system" href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/International_System_of_Units" id="rhxg">SI system</a> SHOULD be used. [<i>Rationale:</i>
414 hides it from the user, since displaying just the value without the key is not useful.]<br><br></li><li>If the number of possible keys is very large or unbounded, key-value pairs MAY be represented by a single generic element with <span style="font-family: Courier New;">key</span>, <span style="font-family: Courier New;">value</span>, and optional <span style="font-family: Courier New;">unit</span> and <span style="font-family: Courier New;">scheme</span>
419 The line breaks required by Base64 MAY be omitted. [<i>Rationale:</i> The line breaks are meant to keep plain text lines short, but XML is not really plain text.]<br><br></li><li>An attribute named <span style="font-family: Courier New;">xsi:type</span> with value <span style="font-family: Courier New;">xs:base64Binary</span> MAY be attached to this element to signal that the Base64 format is in use. [Rationale: Opaque blobs should have decoding instructions attached.]<br><br></li></ol>
430 Specifications MUST NOT require or forbid the use of either form. <span style="font-family: Courier New;">&apos;</span> and <span style="font-family: Courier New;">&quot;</span> may be freely used to escape each type of quote. [<i>Rationale:</i> No XML parsers report the distinction.]<br><br>
437 whitespace is or is not in the content.]<br><br></li><li>Comments SHOULD have whitespace following <span style="font-family: Courier New;"><!--</span> and preceding <span style="font-family: Courier New;">--></span>. [<i>Rationale:</i> Readability.]<br><br></li><li>CDATA sections MAY be used; they are equivalent to the use of <span style="font-family: Courier New;">&amp;</span> and <span style="font-family: Courier New;">&lt;</span>. Specifications MUST NOT require or forbid the use of CDATA sections. [<i>Rationale:</i> Few XML parsers report the distinction, and combinations of CDATA and text are often reported as single objects anyway.]<br><br></li><li>Entity references other than the XML standard entity references <span style="font-family: Courier New;">&amp;</span>, <span style="font-family: Courier New;">&lt;</span>, <span style="font-family: Courier New;">&gt;</span>, <span style="font-family: Courier New;">&quot;</span>, and <span style="font-family: Courier New;">&apos;</span> MUST NOT be used. Character references MAY be used, but actual characters are preferred, unless the character encoding is not UTF-8. As usual, textual formats are exempt from this rule.<br></li></ol>
527 If something might appear more than once in a data model, use an element rather than introducing attributes with names like <span style="font-family: Courier New;">foo1, foo2, foo3</span> ....
583 If a piece of data is in a natural language, put it in an element so you can use the <span style="font-family: Courier New;">xml:lang</span> attribute to label the language being used. Some kinds of natural-language text, like Japanese, often make use <a href="https://www.w3.org/TR/2001/REC-ruby-20010531" id="pa2f" title="annotations">annotations</a> that are conventionally represented using child elements; right-to-left languages like Hebrew and Arabic may similarly require child elements to manage <a href="https://www.w3.org/TR/2001/REC-ruby-20010531" id="ehyv" title="bidirectionality">bidirectionality</a> properly.
613 In particular, if a piece of data is an ID for some other piece of data, or a reference to such an ID, put the identifying piece in an attribute. When it's an ID, use the name <span style="font-family: Courier New;">xml:id</span> for the attribute.
622 Courier New;">href</span> attributes.
631 If a piece of data is applicable to an element and any descendant elements unless it is overridden in some of them, it is conventional to put it in an attribute. Well-known examples are <span style="font-family: Courier New;">xml:lang</span>, <span style="font-family: Courier New;">xml:space</span>, <span style="font-family: Courier New;">xml:base</span>, and namespace declarations.
640 If terseness is really the <i>most</i> important thing, use attributes, but consider <span style="font-family: Courier New;">gzip</span> compression instead -- it works very well on documents with highly repetitive structures.</p></li>