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      1 //===- MCCodeView.h - Machine Code CodeView support -------------*- C++ -*-===//
      2 //
      3 //                     The LLVM Compiler Infrastructure
      4 //
      5 // This file is distributed under the University of Illinois Open Source
      6 // License. See LICENSE.TXT for details.
      7 //
      8 //===----------------------------------------------------------------------===//
      9 //
     10 // Holds state from .cv_file and .cv_loc directives for later emission.
     11 //
     12 //===----------------------------------------------------------------------===//
     13 
     14 #include "llvm/MC/MCCodeView.h"
     15 #include "llvm/MC/MCAsmLayout.h"
     16 #include "llvm/ADT/STLExtras.h"
     17 #include "llvm/DebugInfo/CodeView/CodeView.h"
     18 #include "llvm/DebugInfo/CodeView/Line.h"
     19 #include "llvm/DebugInfo/CodeView/SymbolRecord.h"
     20 #include "llvm/MC/MCContext.h"
     21 #include "llvm/MC/MCObjectStreamer.h"
     22 #include "llvm/MC/MCValue.h"
     23 #include "llvm/Support/COFF.h"
     24 #include "llvm/Support/EndianStream.h"
     25 
     26 using namespace llvm;
     27 using namespace llvm::codeview;
     28 
     29 CodeViewContext::CodeViewContext() {}
     30 
     31 CodeViewContext::~CodeViewContext() {
     32   // If someone inserted strings into the string table but never actually
     33   // emitted them somewhere, clean up the fragment.
     34   if (!InsertedStrTabFragment)
     35     delete StrTabFragment;
     36 }
     37 
     38 /// This is a valid number for use with .cv_loc if we've already seen a .cv_file
     39 /// for it.
     40 bool CodeViewContext::isValidFileNumber(unsigned FileNumber) const {
     41   unsigned Idx = FileNumber - 1;
     42   if (Idx < Filenames.size())
     43     return !Filenames[Idx].empty();
     44   return false;
     45 }
     46 
     47 bool CodeViewContext::addFile(unsigned FileNumber, StringRef Filename) {
     48   assert(FileNumber > 0);
     49   Filename = addToStringTable(Filename);
     50   unsigned Idx = FileNumber - 1;
     51   if (Idx >= Filenames.size())
     52     Filenames.resize(Idx + 1);
     53 
     54   if (Filename.empty())
     55     Filename = "<stdin>";
     56 
     57   if (!Filenames[Idx].empty())
     58     return false;
     59 
     60   // FIXME: We should store the string table offset of the filename, rather than
     61   // the filename itself for efficiency.
     62   Filename = addToStringTable(Filename);
     63 
     64   Filenames[Idx] = Filename;
     65   return true;
     66 }
     67 
     68 MCDataFragment *CodeViewContext::getStringTableFragment() {
     69   if (!StrTabFragment) {
     70     StrTabFragment = new MCDataFragment();
     71     // Start a new string table out with a null byte.
     72     StrTabFragment->getContents().push_back('\0');
     73   }
     74   return StrTabFragment;
     75 }
     76 
     77 StringRef CodeViewContext::addToStringTable(StringRef S) {
     78   SmallVectorImpl<char> &Contents = getStringTableFragment()->getContents();
     79   auto Insertion =
     80       StringTable.insert(std::make_pair(S, unsigned(Contents.size())));
     81   // Return the string from the table, since it is stable.
     82   S = Insertion.first->first();
     83   if (Insertion.second) {
     84     // The string map key is always null terminated.
     85     Contents.append(S.begin(), S.end() + 1);
     86   }
     87   return S;
     88 }
     89 
     90 unsigned CodeViewContext::getStringTableOffset(StringRef S) {
     91   // A string table offset of zero is always the empty string.
     92   if (S.empty())
     93     return 0;
     94   auto I = StringTable.find(S);
     95   assert(I != StringTable.end());
     96   return I->second;
     97 }
     98 
     99 void CodeViewContext::emitStringTable(MCObjectStreamer &OS) {
    100   MCContext &Ctx = OS.getContext();
    101   MCSymbol *StringBegin = Ctx.createTempSymbol("strtab_begin", false),
    102            *StringEnd = Ctx.createTempSymbol("strtab_end", false);
    103 
    104   OS.EmitIntValue(unsigned(ModuleSubstreamKind::StringTable), 4);
    105   OS.emitAbsoluteSymbolDiff(StringEnd, StringBegin, 4);
    106   OS.EmitLabel(StringBegin);
    107 
    108   // Put the string table data fragment here, if we haven't already put it
    109   // somewhere else. If somebody wants two string tables in their .s file, one
    110   // will just be empty.
    111   if (!InsertedStrTabFragment) {
    112     OS.insert(getStringTableFragment());
    113     InsertedStrTabFragment = true;
    114   }
    115 
    116   OS.EmitValueToAlignment(4, 0);
    117 
    118   OS.EmitLabel(StringEnd);
    119 }
    120 
    121 void CodeViewContext::emitFileChecksums(MCObjectStreamer &OS) {
    122   // Do nothing if there are no file checksums. Microsoft's linker rejects empty
    123   // CodeView substreams.
    124   if (Filenames.empty())
    125     return;
    126 
    127   MCContext &Ctx = OS.getContext();
    128   MCSymbol *FileBegin = Ctx.createTempSymbol("filechecksums_begin", false),
    129            *FileEnd = Ctx.createTempSymbol("filechecksums_end", false);
    130 
    131   OS.EmitIntValue(unsigned(ModuleSubstreamKind::FileChecksums), 4);
    132   OS.emitAbsoluteSymbolDiff(FileEnd, FileBegin, 4);
    133   OS.EmitLabel(FileBegin);
    134 
    135   // Emit an array of FileChecksum entries. We index into this table using the
    136   // user-provided file number. Each entry is currently 8 bytes, as we don't
    137   // emit checksums.
    138   for (StringRef Filename : Filenames) {
    139     OS.EmitIntValue(getStringTableOffset(Filename), 4);
    140     // Zero the next two fields and align back to 4 bytes. This indicates that
    141     // no checksum is present.
    142     OS.EmitIntValue(0, 4);
    143   }
    144 
    145   OS.EmitLabel(FileEnd);
    146 }
    147 
    148 void CodeViewContext::emitLineTableForFunction(MCObjectStreamer &OS,
    149                                                unsigned FuncId,
    150                                                const MCSymbol *FuncBegin,
    151                                                const MCSymbol *FuncEnd) {
    152   MCContext &Ctx = OS.getContext();
    153   MCSymbol *LineBegin = Ctx.createTempSymbol("linetable_begin", false),
    154            *LineEnd = Ctx.createTempSymbol("linetable_end", false);
    155 
    156   OS.EmitIntValue(unsigned(ModuleSubstreamKind::Lines), 4);
    157   OS.emitAbsoluteSymbolDiff(LineEnd, LineBegin, 4);
    158   OS.EmitLabel(LineBegin);
    159   OS.EmitCOFFSecRel32(FuncBegin);
    160   OS.EmitCOFFSectionIndex(FuncBegin);
    161 
    162   // Actual line info.
    163   std::vector<MCCVLineEntry> Locs = getFunctionLineEntries(FuncId);
    164   bool HaveColumns = any_of(Locs, [](const MCCVLineEntry &LineEntry) {
    165     return LineEntry.getColumn() != 0;
    166   });
    167   OS.EmitIntValue(HaveColumns ? int(LineFlags::HaveColumns) : 0, 2);
    168   OS.emitAbsoluteSymbolDiff(FuncEnd, FuncBegin, 4);
    169 
    170   for (auto I = Locs.begin(), E = Locs.end(); I != E;) {
    171     // Emit a file segment for the run of locations that share a file id.
    172     unsigned CurFileNum = I->getFileNum();
    173     auto FileSegEnd =
    174         std::find_if(I, E, [CurFileNum](const MCCVLineEntry &Loc) {
    175           return Loc.getFileNum() != CurFileNum;
    176         });
    177     unsigned EntryCount = FileSegEnd - I;
    178     OS.AddComment("Segment for file '" + Twine(Filenames[CurFileNum - 1]) +
    179                   "' begins");
    180     OS.EmitIntValue(8 * (CurFileNum - 1), 4);
    181     OS.EmitIntValue(EntryCount, 4);
    182     uint32_t SegmentSize = 12;
    183     SegmentSize += 8 * EntryCount;
    184     if (HaveColumns)
    185       SegmentSize += 4 * EntryCount;
    186     OS.EmitIntValue(SegmentSize, 4);
    187 
    188     for (auto J = I; J != FileSegEnd; ++J) {
    189       OS.emitAbsoluteSymbolDiff(J->getLabel(), FuncBegin, 4);
    190       unsigned LineData = J->getLine();
    191       if (J->isStmt())
    192         LineData |= LineInfo::StatementFlag;
    193       OS.EmitIntValue(LineData, 4);
    194     }
    195     if (HaveColumns) {
    196       for (auto J = I; J != FileSegEnd; ++J) {
    197         OS.EmitIntValue(J->getColumn(), 2);
    198         OS.EmitIntValue(0, 2);
    199       }
    200     }
    201     I = FileSegEnd;
    202   }
    203   OS.EmitLabel(LineEnd);
    204 }
    205 
    206 static bool compressAnnotation(uint32_t Data, SmallVectorImpl<char> &Buffer) {
    207   if (isUInt<7>(Data)) {
    208     Buffer.push_back(Data);
    209     return true;
    210   }
    211 
    212   if (isUInt<14>(Data)) {
    213     Buffer.push_back((Data >> 8) | 0x80);
    214     Buffer.push_back(Data & 0xff);
    215     return true;
    216   }
    217 
    218   if (isUInt<29>(Data)) {
    219     Buffer.push_back((Data >> 24) | 0xC0);
    220     Buffer.push_back((Data >> 16) & 0xff);
    221     Buffer.push_back((Data >> 8) & 0xff);
    222     Buffer.push_back(Data & 0xff);
    223     return true;
    224   }
    225 
    226   return false;
    227 }
    228 
    229 static bool compressAnnotation(BinaryAnnotationsOpCode Annotation,
    230                                SmallVectorImpl<char> &Buffer) {
    231   return compressAnnotation(static_cast<uint32_t>(Annotation), Buffer);
    232 }
    233 
    234 static uint32_t encodeSignedNumber(uint32_t Data) {
    235   if (Data >> 31)
    236     return ((-Data) << 1) | 1;
    237   return Data << 1;
    238 }
    239 
    240 void CodeViewContext::emitInlineLineTableForFunction(
    241     MCObjectStreamer &OS, unsigned PrimaryFunctionId, unsigned SourceFileId,
    242     unsigned SourceLineNum, const MCSymbol *FnStartSym,
    243     const MCSymbol *FnEndSym, ArrayRef<unsigned> SecondaryFunctionIds) {
    244   // Create and insert a fragment into the current section that will be encoded
    245   // later.
    246   new MCCVInlineLineTableFragment(
    247       PrimaryFunctionId, SourceFileId, SourceLineNum, FnStartSym, FnEndSym,
    248       SecondaryFunctionIds, OS.getCurrentSectionOnly());
    249 }
    250 
    251 void CodeViewContext::emitDefRange(
    252     MCObjectStreamer &OS,
    253     ArrayRef<std::pair<const MCSymbol *, const MCSymbol *>> Ranges,
    254     StringRef FixedSizePortion) {
    255   // Create and insert a fragment into the current section that will be encoded
    256   // later.
    257   new MCCVDefRangeFragment(Ranges, FixedSizePortion,
    258                            OS.getCurrentSectionOnly());
    259 }
    260 
    261 static unsigned computeLabelDiff(MCAsmLayout &Layout, const MCSymbol *Begin,
    262                                  const MCSymbol *End) {
    263   MCContext &Ctx = Layout.getAssembler().getContext();
    264   MCSymbolRefExpr::VariantKind Variant = MCSymbolRefExpr::VK_None;
    265   const MCExpr *BeginRef = MCSymbolRefExpr::create(Begin, Variant, Ctx),
    266                *EndRef = MCSymbolRefExpr::create(End, Variant, Ctx);
    267   const MCExpr *AddrDelta =
    268       MCBinaryExpr::create(MCBinaryExpr::Sub, EndRef, BeginRef, Ctx);
    269   int64_t Result;
    270   bool Success = AddrDelta->evaluateKnownAbsolute(Result, Layout);
    271   assert(Success && "failed to evaluate label difference as absolute");
    272   (void)Success;
    273   assert(Result >= 0 && "negative label difference requested");
    274   assert(Result < UINT_MAX && "label difference greater than 2GB");
    275   return unsigned(Result);
    276 }
    277 
    278 void CodeViewContext::encodeInlineLineTable(MCAsmLayout &Layout,
    279                                             MCCVInlineLineTableFragment &Frag) {
    280   size_t LocBegin;
    281   size_t LocEnd;
    282   std::tie(LocBegin, LocEnd) = getLineExtent(Frag.SiteFuncId);
    283   for (unsigned SecondaryId : Frag.SecondaryFuncs) {
    284     auto Extent = getLineExtent(SecondaryId);
    285     LocBegin = std::min(LocBegin, Extent.first);
    286     LocEnd = std::max(LocEnd, Extent.second);
    287   }
    288   if (LocBegin >= LocEnd)
    289     return;
    290   ArrayRef<MCCVLineEntry> Locs = getLinesForExtent(LocBegin, LocEnd);
    291   if (Locs.empty())
    292     return;
    293 
    294   SmallSet<unsigned, 8> InlinedFuncIds;
    295   InlinedFuncIds.insert(Frag.SiteFuncId);
    296   InlinedFuncIds.insert(Frag.SecondaryFuncs.begin(), Frag.SecondaryFuncs.end());
    297 
    298   // Make an artificial start location using the function start and the inlinee
    299   // lines start location information. All deltas start relative to this
    300   // location.
    301   MCCVLineEntry StartLoc(Frag.getFnStartSym(), MCCVLoc(Locs.front()));
    302   StartLoc.setFileNum(Frag.StartFileId);
    303   StartLoc.setLine(Frag.StartLineNum);
    304   const MCCVLineEntry *LastLoc = &StartLoc;
    305   bool WithinFunction = true;
    306 
    307   SmallVectorImpl<char> &Buffer = Frag.getContents();
    308   Buffer.clear(); // Clear old contents if we went through relaxation.
    309   for (const MCCVLineEntry &Loc : Locs) {
    310     if (!InlinedFuncIds.count(Loc.getFunctionId())) {
    311       // We've hit a cv_loc not attributed to this inline call site. Use this
    312       // label to end the PC range.
    313       if (WithinFunction) {
    314         unsigned Length =
    315             computeLabelDiff(Layout, LastLoc->getLabel(), Loc.getLabel());
    316         compressAnnotation(BinaryAnnotationsOpCode::ChangeCodeLength, Buffer);
    317         compressAnnotation(Length, Buffer);
    318       }
    319       WithinFunction = false;
    320       continue;
    321     }
    322     WithinFunction = true;
    323 
    324     if (Loc.getFileNum() != LastLoc->getFileNum()) {
    325       // File ids are 1 based, and each file checksum table entry is 8 bytes
    326       // long. See emitFileChecksums above.
    327       unsigned FileOffset = 8 * (Loc.getFileNum() - 1);
    328       compressAnnotation(BinaryAnnotationsOpCode::ChangeFile, Buffer);
    329       compressAnnotation(FileOffset, Buffer);
    330     }
    331 
    332     int LineDelta = Loc.getLine() - LastLoc->getLine();
    333     if (LineDelta == 0)
    334       continue;
    335 
    336     unsigned EncodedLineDelta = encodeSignedNumber(LineDelta);
    337     unsigned CodeDelta =
    338         computeLabelDiff(Layout, LastLoc->getLabel(), Loc.getLabel());
    339     if (CodeDelta == 0) {
    340       compressAnnotation(BinaryAnnotationsOpCode::ChangeLineOffset, Buffer);
    341       compressAnnotation(EncodedLineDelta, Buffer);
    342     } else if (EncodedLineDelta < 0x8 && CodeDelta <= 0xf) {
    343       // The ChangeCodeOffsetAndLineOffset combination opcode is used when the
    344       // encoded line delta uses 3 or fewer set bits and the code offset fits
    345       // in one nibble.
    346       unsigned Operand = (EncodedLineDelta << 4) | CodeDelta;
    347       compressAnnotation(BinaryAnnotationsOpCode::ChangeCodeOffsetAndLineOffset,
    348                          Buffer);
    349       compressAnnotation(Operand, Buffer);
    350     } else {
    351       // Otherwise use the separate line and code deltas.
    352       compressAnnotation(BinaryAnnotationsOpCode::ChangeLineOffset, Buffer);
    353       compressAnnotation(EncodedLineDelta, Buffer);
    354       compressAnnotation(BinaryAnnotationsOpCode::ChangeCodeOffset, Buffer);
    355       compressAnnotation(CodeDelta, Buffer);
    356     }
    357 
    358     LastLoc = &Loc;
    359   }
    360 
    361   assert(WithinFunction);
    362 
    363   unsigned EndSymLength =
    364       computeLabelDiff(Layout, LastLoc->getLabel(), Frag.getFnEndSym());
    365   unsigned LocAfterLength = ~0U;
    366   ArrayRef<MCCVLineEntry> LocAfter = getLinesForExtent(LocEnd, LocEnd + 1);
    367   if (!LocAfter.empty()) {
    368     // Only try to compute this difference if we're in the same section.
    369     const MCCVLineEntry &Loc = LocAfter[0];
    370     if (&Loc.getLabel()->getSection(false) ==
    371         &LastLoc->getLabel()->getSection(false)) {
    372       LocAfterLength =
    373           computeLabelDiff(Layout, LastLoc->getLabel(), Loc.getLabel());
    374     }
    375   }
    376 
    377   compressAnnotation(BinaryAnnotationsOpCode::ChangeCodeLength, Buffer);
    378   compressAnnotation(std::min(EndSymLength, LocAfterLength), Buffer);
    379 }
    380 
    381 void CodeViewContext::encodeDefRange(MCAsmLayout &Layout,
    382                                      MCCVDefRangeFragment &Frag) {
    383   MCContext &Ctx = Layout.getAssembler().getContext();
    384   SmallVectorImpl<char> &Contents = Frag.getContents();
    385   Contents.clear();
    386   SmallVectorImpl<MCFixup> &Fixups = Frag.getFixups();
    387   Fixups.clear();
    388   raw_svector_ostream OS(Contents);
    389 
    390   // Write down each range where the variable is defined.
    391   for (std::pair<const MCSymbol *, const MCSymbol *> Range : Frag.getRanges()) {
    392     unsigned RangeSize = computeLabelDiff(Layout, Range.first, Range.second);
    393     unsigned Bias = 0;
    394     // We must split the range into chunks of MaxDefRange, this is a fundamental
    395     // limitation of the file format.
    396     do {
    397       uint16_t Chunk = std::min((uint32_t)MaxDefRange, RangeSize);
    398 
    399       const MCSymbolRefExpr *SRE = MCSymbolRefExpr::create(Range.first, Ctx);
    400       const MCBinaryExpr *BE =
    401           MCBinaryExpr::createAdd(SRE, MCConstantExpr::create(Bias, Ctx), Ctx);
    402       MCValue Res;
    403       BE->evaluateAsRelocatable(Res, &Layout, /*Fixup=*/nullptr);
    404 
    405       // Each record begins with a 2-byte number indicating how large the record
    406       // is.
    407       StringRef FixedSizePortion = Frag.getFixedSizePortion();
    408       // Our record is a fixed sized prefix and a LocalVariableAddrRange that we
    409       // are artificially constructing.
    410       size_t RecordSize =
    411           FixedSizePortion.size() + sizeof(LocalVariableAddrRange);
    412       // Write out the recrod size.
    413       support::endian::Writer<support::little>(OS).write<uint16_t>(RecordSize);
    414       // Write out the fixed size prefix.
    415       OS << FixedSizePortion;
    416       // Make space for a fixup that will eventually have a section relative
    417       // relocation pointing at the offset where the variable becomes live.
    418       Fixups.push_back(MCFixup::create(Contents.size(), BE, FK_SecRel_4));
    419       Contents.resize(Contents.size() + 4); // Fixup for code start.
    420       // Make space for a fixup that will record the section index for the code.
    421       Fixups.push_back(MCFixup::create(Contents.size(), BE, FK_SecRel_2));
    422       Contents.resize(Contents.size() + 2); // Fixup for section index.
    423       // Write down the range's extent.
    424       support::endian::Writer<support::little>(OS).write<uint16_t>(Chunk);
    425 
    426       // Move on to the next range.
    427       Bias += Chunk;
    428       RangeSize -= Chunk;
    429     } while (RangeSize > 0);
    430   }
    431 }
    432 
    433 //
    434 // This is called when an instruction is assembled into the specified section
    435 // and if there is information from the last .cv_loc directive that has yet to have
    436 // a line entry made for it is made.
    437 //
    438 void MCCVLineEntry::Make(MCObjectStreamer *MCOS) {
    439   if (!MCOS->getContext().getCVLocSeen())
    440     return;
    441 
    442   // Create a symbol at in the current section for use in the line entry.
    443   MCSymbol *LineSym = MCOS->getContext().createTempSymbol();
    444   // Set the value of the symbol to use for the MCCVLineEntry.
    445   MCOS->EmitLabel(LineSym);
    446 
    447   // Get the current .loc info saved in the context.
    448   const MCCVLoc &CVLoc = MCOS->getContext().getCurrentCVLoc();
    449 
    450   // Create a (local) line entry with the symbol and the current .loc info.
    451   MCCVLineEntry LineEntry(LineSym, CVLoc);
    452 
    453   // clear CVLocSeen saying the current .loc info is now used.
    454   MCOS->getContext().clearCVLocSeen();
    455 
    456   // Add the line entry to this section's entries.
    457   MCOS->getContext().getCVContext().addLineEntry(LineEntry);
    458 }
    459