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      1 /*
      2  *  Copyright (c) 2014 The WebM project authors. All Rights Reserved.
      3  *
      4  *  Use of this source code is governed by a BSD-style license
      5  *  that can be found in the LICENSE file in the root of the source
      6  *  tree. An additional intellectual property rights grant can be found
      7  *  in the file PATENTS.  All contributing project authors may
      8  *  be found in the AUTHORS file in the root of the source tree.
      9  */
     10 
     11 #include <limits.h>
     12 #include <math.h>
     13 
     14 #include "vpx_dsp/vpx_dsp_common.h"
     15 #include "vpx_ports/system_state.h"
     16 
     17 #include "vp9/encoder/vp9_aq_cyclicrefresh.h"
     18 
     19 #include "vp9/common/vp9_seg_common.h"
     20 
     21 #include "vp9/encoder/vp9_ratectrl.h"
     22 #include "vp9/encoder/vp9_segmentation.h"
     23 
     24 CYCLIC_REFRESH *vp9_cyclic_refresh_alloc(int mi_rows, int mi_cols) {
     25   size_t last_coded_q_map_size;
     26   CYCLIC_REFRESH *const cr = vpx_calloc(1, sizeof(*cr));
     27   if (cr == NULL) return NULL;
     28 
     29   cr->map = vpx_calloc(mi_rows * mi_cols, sizeof(*cr->map));
     30   if (cr->map == NULL) {
     31     vp9_cyclic_refresh_free(cr);
     32     return NULL;
     33   }
     34   last_coded_q_map_size = mi_rows * mi_cols * sizeof(*cr->last_coded_q_map);
     35   cr->last_coded_q_map = vpx_malloc(last_coded_q_map_size);
     36   if (cr->last_coded_q_map == NULL) {
     37     vp9_cyclic_refresh_free(cr);
     38     return NULL;
     39   }
     40   assert(MAXQ <= 255);
     41   memset(cr->last_coded_q_map, MAXQ, last_coded_q_map_size);
     42   return cr;
     43 }
     44 
     45 void vp9_cyclic_refresh_free(CYCLIC_REFRESH *cr) {
     46   vpx_free(cr->map);
     47   vpx_free(cr->last_coded_q_map);
     48   vpx_free(cr);
     49 }
     50 
     51 // Check if this coding block, of size bsize, should be considered for refresh
     52 // (lower-qp coding). Decision can be based on various factors, such as
     53 // size of the coding block (i.e., below min_block size rejected), coding
     54 // mode, and rate/distortion.
     55 static int candidate_refresh_aq(const CYCLIC_REFRESH *cr, const MODE_INFO *mi,
     56                                 int64_t rate, int64_t dist, int bsize) {
     57   MV mv = mi->mv[0].as_mv;
     58   // Reject the block for lower-qp coding if projected distortion
     59   // is above the threshold, and any of the following is true:
     60   // 1) mode uses large mv
     61   // 2) mode is an intra-mode
     62   // Otherwise accept for refresh.
     63   if (dist > cr->thresh_dist_sb &&
     64       (mv.row > cr->motion_thresh || mv.row < -cr->motion_thresh ||
     65        mv.col > cr->motion_thresh || mv.col < -cr->motion_thresh ||
     66        !is_inter_block(mi)))
     67     return CR_SEGMENT_ID_BASE;
     68   else if (bsize >= BLOCK_16X16 && rate < cr->thresh_rate_sb &&
     69            is_inter_block(mi) && mi->mv[0].as_int == 0 &&
     70            cr->rate_boost_fac > 10)
     71     // More aggressive delta-q for bigger blocks with zero motion.
     72     return CR_SEGMENT_ID_BOOST2;
     73   else
     74     return CR_SEGMENT_ID_BOOST1;
     75 }
     76 
     77 // Compute delta-q for the segment.
     78 static int compute_deltaq(const VP9_COMP *cpi, int q, double rate_factor) {
     79   const CYCLIC_REFRESH *const cr = cpi->cyclic_refresh;
     80   const RATE_CONTROL *const rc = &cpi->rc;
     81   int deltaq = vp9_compute_qdelta_by_rate(rc, cpi->common.frame_type, q,
     82                                           rate_factor, cpi->common.bit_depth);
     83   if ((-deltaq) > cr->max_qdelta_perc * q / 100) {
     84     deltaq = -cr->max_qdelta_perc * q / 100;
     85   }
     86   return deltaq;
     87 }
     88 
     89 // For the just encoded frame, estimate the bits, incorporating the delta-q
     90 // from non-base segment. For now ignore effect of multiple segments
     91 // (with different delta-q). Note this function is called in the postencode
     92 // (called from rc_update_rate_correction_factors()).
     93 int vp9_cyclic_refresh_estimate_bits_at_q(const VP9_COMP *cpi,
     94                                           double correction_factor) {
     95   const VP9_COMMON *const cm = &cpi->common;
     96   const CYCLIC_REFRESH *const cr = cpi->cyclic_refresh;
     97   int estimated_bits;
     98   int mbs = cm->MBs;
     99   int num8x8bl = mbs << 2;
    100   // Weight for non-base segments: use actual number of blocks refreshed in
    101   // previous/just encoded frame. Note number of blocks here is in 8x8 units.
    102   double weight_segment1 = (double)cr->actual_num_seg1_blocks / num8x8bl;
    103   double weight_segment2 = (double)cr->actual_num_seg2_blocks / num8x8bl;
    104   // Take segment weighted average for estimated bits.
    105   estimated_bits =
    106       (int)((1.0 - weight_segment1 - weight_segment2) *
    107                 vp9_estimate_bits_at_q(cm->frame_type, cm->base_qindex, mbs,
    108                                        correction_factor, cm->bit_depth) +
    109             weight_segment1 *
    110                 vp9_estimate_bits_at_q(cm->frame_type,
    111                                        cm->base_qindex + cr->qindex_delta[1],
    112                                        mbs, correction_factor, cm->bit_depth) +
    113             weight_segment2 *
    114                 vp9_estimate_bits_at_q(cm->frame_type,
    115                                        cm->base_qindex + cr->qindex_delta[2],
    116                                        mbs, correction_factor, cm->bit_depth));
    117   return estimated_bits;
    118 }
    119 
    120 // Prior to encoding the frame, estimate the bits per mb, for a given q = i and
    121 // a corresponding delta-q (for segment 1). This function is called in the
    122 // rc_regulate_q() to set the base qp index.
    123 // Note: the segment map is set to either 0/CR_SEGMENT_ID_BASE (no refresh) or
    124 // to 1/CR_SEGMENT_ID_BOOST1 (refresh) for each superblock, prior to encoding.
    125 int vp9_cyclic_refresh_rc_bits_per_mb(const VP9_COMP *cpi, int i,
    126                                       double correction_factor) {
    127   const VP9_COMMON *const cm = &cpi->common;
    128   CYCLIC_REFRESH *const cr = cpi->cyclic_refresh;
    129   int bits_per_mb;
    130   int deltaq = 0;
    131   if (cpi->oxcf.speed < 8)
    132     deltaq = compute_deltaq(cpi, i, cr->rate_ratio_qdelta);
    133   else
    134     deltaq = -(cr->max_qdelta_perc * i) / 200;
    135   // Take segment weighted average for bits per mb.
    136   bits_per_mb = (int)((1.0 - cr->weight_segment) *
    137                           vp9_rc_bits_per_mb(cm->frame_type, i,
    138                                              correction_factor, cm->bit_depth) +
    139                       cr->weight_segment *
    140                           vp9_rc_bits_per_mb(cm->frame_type, i + deltaq,
    141                                              correction_factor, cm->bit_depth));
    142   return bits_per_mb;
    143 }
    144 
    145 // Prior to coding a given prediction block, of size bsize at (mi_row, mi_col),
    146 // check if we should reset the segment_id, and update the cyclic_refresh map
    147 // and segmentation map.
    148 void vp9_cyclic_refresh_update_segment(VP9_COMP *const cpi, MODE_INFO *const mi,
    149                                        int mi_row, int mi_col, BLOCK_SIZE bsize,
    150                                        int64_t rate, int64_t dist, int skip,
    151                                        struct macroblock_plane *const p) {
    152   const VP9_COMMON *const cm = &cpi->common;
    153   CYCLIC_REFRESH *const cr = cpi->cyclic_refresh;
    154   const int bw = num_8x8_blocks_wide_lookup[bsize];
    155   const int bh = num_8x8_blocks_high_lookup[bsize];
    156   const int xmis = VPXMIN(cm->mi_cols - mi_col, bw);
    157   const int ymis = VPXMIN(cm->mi_rows - mi_row, bh);
    158   const int block_index = mi_row * cm->mi_cols + mi_col;
    159   int refresh_this_block = candidate_refresh_aq(cr, mi, rate, dist, bsize);
    160   // Default is to not update the refresh map.
    161   int new_map_value = cr->map[block_index];
    162   int x = 0;
    163   int y = 0;
    164 
    165   int is_skin = 0;
    166   if (refresh_this_block == 0 && bsize <= BLOCK_16X16 &&
    167       cpi->use_skin_detection) {
    168     is_skin =
    169         vp9_compute_skin_block(p[0].src.buf, p[1].src.buf, p[2].src.buf,
    170                                p[0].src.stride, p[1].src.stride, bsize, 0, 0);
    171     if (is_skin) refresh_this_block = 1;
    172   }
    173 
    174   if (cpi->oxcf.rc_mode == VPX_VBR && mi->ref_frame[0] == GOLDEN_FRAME)
    175     refresh_this_block = 0;
    176 
    177   // If this block is labeled for refresh, check if we should reset the
    178   // segment_id.
    179   if (cyclic_refresh_segment_id_boosted(mi->segment_id)) {
    180     mi->segment_id = refresh_this_block;
    181     // Reset segment_id if it will be skipped.
    182     if (skip) mi->segment_id = CR_SEGMENT_ID_BASE;
    183   }
    184 
    185   // Update the cyclic refresh map, to be used for setting segmentation map
    186   // for the next frame. If the block  will be refreshed this frame, mark it
    187   // as clean. The magnitude of the -ve influences how long before we consider
    188   // it for refresh again.
    189   if (cyclic_refresh_segment_id_boosted(mi->segment_id)) {
    190     new_map_value = -cr->time_for_refresh;
    191   } else if (refresh_this_block) {
    192     // Else if it is accepted as candidate for refresh, and has not already
    193     // been refreshed (marked as 1) then mark it as a candidate for cleanup
    194     // for future time (marked as 0), otherwise don't update it.
    195     if (cr->map[block_index] == 1) new_map_value = 0;
    196   } else {
    197     // Leave it marked as block that is not candidate for refresh.
    198     new_map_value = 1;
    199   }
    200 
    201   // Update entries in the cyclic refresh map with new_map_value, and
    202   // copy mbmi->segment_id into global segmentation map.
    203   for (y = 0; y < ymis; y++)
    204     for (x = 0; x < xmis; x++) {
    205       int map_offset = block_index + y * cm->mi_cols + x;
    206       cr->map[map_offset] = new_map_value;
    207       cpi->segmentation_map[map_offset] = mi->segment_id;
    208     }
    209 }
    210 
    211 void vp9_cyclic_refresh_update_sb_postencode(VP9_COMP *const cpi,
    212                                              const MODE_INFO *const mi,
    213                                              int mi_row, int mi_col,
    214                                              BLOCK_SIZE bsize) {
    215   const VP9_COMMON *const cm = &cpi->common;
    216   CYCLIC_REFRESH *const cr = cpi->cyclic_refresh;
    217   const int bw = num_8x8_blocks_wide_lookup[bsize];
    218   const int bh = num_8x8_blocks_high_lookup[bsize];
    219   const int xmis = VPXMIN(cm->mi_cols - mi_col, bw);
    220   const int ymis = VPXMIN(cm->mi_rows - mi_row, bh);
    221   const int block_index = mi_row * cm->mi_cols + mi_col;
    222   int x, y;
    223   for (y = 0; y < ymis; y++)
    224     for (x = 0; x < xmis; x++) {
    225       int map_offset = block_index + y * cm->mi_cols + x;
    226       // Inter skip blocks were clearly not coded at the current qindex, so
    227       // don't update the map for them. For cases where motion is non-zero or
    228       // the reference frame isn't the previous frame, the previous value in
    229       // the map for this spatial location is not entirely correct.
    230       if ((!is_inter_block(mi) || !mi->skip) &&
    231           mi->segment_id <= CR_SEGMENT_ID_BOOST2) {
    232         cr->last_coded_q_map[map_offset] =
    233             clamp(cm->base_qindex + cr->qindex_delta[mi->segment_id], 0, MAXQ);
    234       } else if (is_inter_block(mi) && mi->skip &&
    235                  mi->segment_id <= CR_SEGMENT_ID_BOOST2) {
    236         cr->last_coded_q_map[map_offset] = VPXMIN(
    237             clamp(cm->base_qindex + cr->qindex_delta[mi->segment_id], 0, MAXQ),
    238             cr->last_coded_q_map[map_offset]);
    239       }
    240     }
    241 }
    242 
    243 // From the just encoded frame: update the actual number of blocks that were
    244 // applied the segment delta q, and the amount of low motion in the frame.
    245 // Also check conditions for forcing golden update, or preventing golden
    246 // update if the period is up.
    247 void vp9_cyclic_refresh_postencode(VP9_COMP *const cpi) {
    248   VP9_COMMON *const cm = &cpi->common;
    249   MODE_INFO **mi = cm->mi_grid_visible;
    250   CYCLIC_REFRESH *const cr = cpi->cyclic_refresh;
    251   RATE_CONTROL *const rc = &cpi->rc;
    252   unsigned char *const seg_map = cpi->segmentation_map;
    253   double fraction_low = 0.0;
    254   int force_gf_refresh = 0;
    255   int low_content_frame = 0;
    256   int mi_row, mi_col;
    257   cr->actual_num_seg1_blocks = 0;
    258   cr->actual_num_seg2_blocks = 0;
    259   for (mi_row = 0; mi_row < cm->mi_rows; mi_row++) {
    260     for (mi_col = 0; mi_col < cm->mi_cols; mi_col++) {
    261       MV mv = mi[0]->mv[0].as_mv;
    262       int map_index = mi_row * cm->mi_cols + mi_col;
    263       if (cyclic_refresh_segment_id(seg_map[map_index]) == CR_SEGMENT_ID_BOOST1)
    264         cr->actual_num_seg1_blocks++;
    265       else if (cyclic_refresh_segment_id(seg_map[map_index]) ==
    266                CR_SEGMENT_ID_BOOST2)
    267         cr->actual_num_seg2_blocks++;
    268       // Accumulate low_content_frame.
    269       if (is_inter_block(mi[0]) && abs(mv.row) < 16 && abs(mv.col) < 16)
    270         low_content_frame++;
    271       mi++;
    272     }
    273     mi += 8;
    274   }
    275   // Check for golden frame update: only for non-SVC and non-golden boost.
    276   if (!cpi->use_svc && cpi->ext_refresh_frame_flags_pending == 0 &&
    277       !cpi->oxcf.gf_cbr_boost_pct) {
    278     // Force this frame as a golden update frame if this frame changes the
    279     // resolution (resize_pending != 0).
    280     if (cpi->resize_pending != 0) {
    281       vp9_cyclic_refresh_set_golden_update(cpi);
    282       rc->frames_till_gf_update_due = rc->baseline_gf_interval;
    283       if (rc->frames_till_gf_update_due > rc->frames_to_key)
    284         rc->frames_till_gf_update_due = rc->frames_to_key;
    285       cpi->refresh_golden_frame = 1;
    286       force_gf_refresh = 1;
    287     }
    288     // Update average of low content/motion in the frame.
    289     fraction_low = (double)low_content_frame / (cm->mi_rows * cm->mi_cols);
    290     cr->low_content_avg = (fraction_low + 3 * cr->low_content_avg) / 4;
    291     if (!force_gf_refresh && cpi->refresh_golden_frame == 1 &&
    292         rc->frames_since_key > rc->frames_since_golden + 1) {
    293       // Don't update golden reference if the amount of low_content for the
    294       // current encoded frame is small, or if the recursive average of the
    295       // low_content over the update interval window falls below threshold.
    296       if (fraction_low < 0.65 || cr->low_content_avg < 0.6) {
    297         cpi->refresh_golden_frame = 0;
    298       }
    299       // Reset for next internal.
    300       cr->low_content_avg = fraction_low;
    301     }
    302   }
    303 }
    304 
    305 // Set golden frame update interval, for non-svc 1 pass CBR mode.
    306 void vp9_cyclic_refresh_set_golden_update(VP9_COMP *const cpi) {
    307   RATE_CONTROL *const rc = &cpi->rc;
    308   CYCLIC_REFRESH *const cr = cpi->cyclic_refresh;
    309   // Set minimum gf_interval for GF update to a multiple of the refresh period,
    310   // with some max limit. Depending on past encoding stats, GF flag may be
    311   // reset and update may not occur until next baseline_gf_interval.
    312   if (cr->percent_refresh > 0)
    313     rc->baseline_gf_interval = VPXMIN(4 * (100 / cr->percent_refresh), 40);
    314   else
    315     rc->baseline_gf_interval = 40;
    316   if (cpi->oxcf.rc_mode == VPX_VBR) rc->baseline_gf_interval = 20;
    317   if (rc->avg_frame_low_motion < 50 && rc->frames_since_key > 40)
    318     rc->baseline_gf_interval = 10;
    319 }
    320 
    321 // Update the segmentation map, and related quantities: cyclic refresh map,
    322 // refresh sb_index, and target number of blocks to be refreshed.
    323 // The map is set to either 0/CR_SEGMENT_ID_BASE (no refresh) or to
    324 // 1/CR_SEGMENT_ID_BOOST1 (refresh) for each superblock.
    325 // Blocks labeled as BOOST1 may later get set to BOOST2 (during the
    326 // encoding of the superblock).
    327 static void cyclic_refresh_update_map(VP9_COMP *const cpi) {
    328   VP9_COMMON *const cm = &cpi->common;
    329   CYCLIC_REFRESH *const cr = cpi->cyclic_refresh;
    330   unsigned char *const seg_map = cpi->segmentation_map;
    331   int i, block_count, bl_index, sb_rows, sb_cols, sbs_in_frame;
    332   int xmis, ymis, x, y;
    333   int consec_zero_mv_thresh = 0;
    334   int qindex_thresh = 0;
    335   int count_sel = 0;
    336   int count_tot = 0;
    337   memset(seg_map, CR_SEGMENT_ID_BASE, cm->mi_rows * cm->mi_cols);
    338   sb_cols = (cm->mi_cols + MI_BLOCK_SIZE - 1) / MI_BLOCK_SIZE;
    339   sb_rows = (cm->mi_rows + MI_BLOCK_SIZE - 1) / MI_BLOCK_SIZE;
    340   sbs_in_frame = sb_cols * sb_rows;
    341   // Number of target blocks to get the q delta (segment 1).
    342   block_count = cr->percent_refresh * cm->mi_rows * cm->mi_cols / 100;
    343   // Set the segmentation map: cycle through the superblocks, starting at
    344   // cr->mb_index, and stopping when either block_count blocks have been found
    345   // to be refreshed, or we have passed through whole frame.
    346   assert(cr->sb_index < sbs_in_frame);
    347   i = cr->sb_index;
    348   cr->target_num_seg_blocks = 0;
    349   if (cpi->oxcf.content != VP9E_CONTENT_SCREEN) {
    350     consec_zero_mv_thresh = 100;
    351   }
    352   qindex_thresh =
    353       cpi->oxcf.content == VP9E_CONTENT_SCREEN
    354           ? vp9_get_qindex(&cm->seg, CR_SEGMENT_ID_BOOST2, cm->base_qindex)
    355           : vp9_get_qindex(&cm->seg, CR_SEGMENT_ID_BOOST1, cm->base_qindex);
    356   // More aggressive settings for noisy content.
    357   if (cpi->noise_estimate.enabled && cpi->noise_estimate.level >= kMedium) {
    358     consec_zero_mv_thresh = 60;
    359     qindex_thresh =
    360         VPXMAX(vp9_get_qindex(&cm->seg, CR_SEGMENT_ID_BOOST1, cm->base_qindex),
    361                cm->base_qindex);
    362   }
    363   do {
    364     int sum_map = 0;
    365     int consec_zero_mv_thresh_block = consec_zero_mv_thresh;
    366     // Get the mi_row/mi_col corresponding to superblock index i.
    367     int sb_row_index = (i / sb_cols);
    368     int sb_col_index = i - sb_row_index * sb_cols;
    369     int mi_row = sb_row_index * MI_BLOCK_SIZE;
    370     int mi_col = sb_col_index * MI_BLOCK_SIZE;
    371     assert(mi_row >= 0 && mi_row < cm->mi_rows);
    372     assert(mi_col >= 0 && mi_col < cm->mi_cols);
    373     bl_index = mi_row * cm->mi_cols + mi_col;
    374     // Loop through all 8x8 blocks in superblock and update map.
    375     xmis =
    376         VPXMIN(cm->mi_cols - mi_col, num_8x8_blocks_wide_lookup[BLOCK_64X64]);
    377     ymis =
    378         VPXMIN(cm->mi_rows - mi_row, num_8x8_blocks_high_lookup[BLOCK_64X64]);
    379     if (cpi->noise_estimate.enabled && cpi->noise_estimate.level >= kMedium &&
    380         (xmis <= 2 || ymis <= 2))
    381       consec_zero_mv_thresh_block = 4;
    382     for (y = 0; y < ymis; y++) {
    383       for (x = 0; x < xmis; x++) {
    384         const int bl_index2 = bl_index + y * cm->mi_cols + x;
    385         // If the block is as a candidate for clean up then mark it
    386         // for possible boost/refresh (segment 1). The segment id may get
    387         // reset to 0 later depending on the coding mode.
    388         if (cr->map[bl_index2] == 0) {
    389           count_tot++;
    390           if (cr->last_coded_q_map[bl_index2] > qindex_thresh ||
    391               cpi->consec_zero_mv[bl_index2] < consec_zero_mv_thresh_block) {
    392             sum_map++;
    393             count_sel++;
    394           }
    395         } else if (cr->map[bl_index2] < 0) {
    396           cr->map[bl_index2]++;
    397         }
    398       }
    399     }
    400     // Enforce constant segment over superblock.
    401     // If segment is at least half of superblock, set to 1.
    402     if (sum_map >= xmis * ymis / 2) {
    403       for (y = 0; y < ymis; y++)
    404         for (x = 0; x < xmis; x++) {
    405           seg_map[bl_index + y * cm->mi_cols + x] = CR_SEGMENT_ID_BOOST1;
    406         }
    407       cr->target_num_seg_blocks += xmis * ymis;
    408     }
    409     i++;
    410     if (i == sbs_in_frame) {
    411       i = 0;
    412     }
    413   } while (cr->target_num_seg_blocks < block_count && i != cr->sb_index);
    414   cr->sb_index = i;
    415   cr->reduce_refresh = 0;
    416   if (count_sel<(3 * count_tot)>> 2) cr->reduce_refresh = 1;
    417 }
    418 
    419 // Set cyclic refresh parameters.
    420 void vp9_cyclic_refresh_update_parameters(VP9_COMP *const cpi) {
    421   const RATE_CONTROL *const rc = &cpi->rc;
    422   const VP9_COMMON *const cm = &cpi->common;
    423   CYCLIC_REFRESH *const cr = cpi->cyclic_refresh;
    424   int num8x8bl = cm->MBs << 2;
    425   int target_refresh = 0;
    426   double weight_segment_target = 0;
    427   double weight_segment = 0;
    428   int thresh_low_motion = (cm->width < 720) ? 55 : 20;
    429   cr->apply_cyclic_refresh = 1;
    430   if (cm->frame_type == KEY_FRAME || cpi->svc.temporal_layer_id > 0 ||
    431       (!cpi->use_svc && rc->avg_frame_low_motion < thresh_low_motion &&
    432        rc->frames_since_key > 40)) {
    433     cr->apply_cyclic_refresh = 0;
    434     return;
    435   }
    436   cr->percent_refresh = 10;
    437   if (cr->reduce_refresh) cr->percent_refresh = 5;
    438   cr->max_qdelta_perc = 60;
    439   cr->time_for_refresh = 0;
    440   cr->motion_thresh = 32;
    441   cr->rate_boost_fac = 15;
    442   // Use larger delta-qp (increase rate_ratio_qdelta) for first few (~4)
    443   // periods of the refresh cycle, after a key frame.
    444   // Account for larger interval on base layer for temporal layers.
    445   if (cr->percent_refresh > 0 &&
    446       rc->frames_since_key <
    447           (4 * cpi->svc.number_temporal_layers) * (100 / cr->percent_refresh)) {
    448     cr->rate_ratio_qdelta = 3.0;
    449   } else {
    450     cr->rate_ratio_qdelta = 2.0;
    451     if (cpi->noise_estimate.enabled && cpi->noise_estimate.level >= kMedium) {
    452       // Reduce the delta-qp if the estimated source noise is above threshold.
    453       cr->rate_ratio_qdelta = 1.7;
    454       cr->rate_boost_fac = 13;
    455     }
    456   }
    457   // Adjust some parameters for low resolutions.
    458   if (cm->width <= 352 && cm->height <= 288) {
    459     if (rc->avg_frame_bandwidth < 3000) {
    460       cr->motion_thresh = 16;
    461       cr->rate_boost_fac = 13;
    462     } else {
    463       cr->max_qdelta_perc = 70;
    464       cr->rate_ratio_qdelta = VPXMAX(cr->rate_ratio_qdelta, 2.5);
    465     }
    466   }
    467   if (cpi->svc.spatial_layer_id > 0) {
    468     cr->motion_thresh = 4;
    469     cr->rate_boost_fac = 12;
    470   }
    471   if (cpi->oxcf.rc_mode == VPX_VBR) {
    472     // To be adjusted for VBR mode, e.g., based on gf period and boost.
    473     // For now use smaller qp-delta (than CBR), no second boosted seg, and
    474     // turn-off (no refresh) on golden refresh (since it's already boosted).
    475     cr->percent_refresh = 10;
    476     cr->rate_ratio_qdelta = 1.5;
    477     cr->rate_boost_fac = 10;
    478     if (cpi->refresh_golden_frame == 1) {
    479       cr->percent_refresh = 0;
    480       cr->rate_ratio_qdelta = 1.0;
    481     }
    482   }
    483   // Weight for segment prior to encoding: take the average of the target
    484   // number for the frame to be encoded and the actual from the previous frame.
    485   // Use the target if its less. To be used for setting the base qp for the
    486   // frame in vp9_rc_regulate_q.
    487   target_refresh = cr->percent_refresh * cm->mi_rows * cm->mi_cols / 100;
    488   weight_segment_target = (double)(target_refresh) / num8x8bl;
    489   weight_segment = (double)((target_refresh + cr->actual_num_seg1_blocks +
    490                              cr->actual_num_seg2_blocks) >>
    491                             1) /
    492                    num8x8bl;
    493   if (weight_segment_target < 7 * weight_segment / 8)
    494     weight_segment = weight_segment_target;
    495   cr->weight_segment = weight_segment;
    496 }
    497 
    498 // Setup cyclic background refresh: set delta q and segmentation map.
    499 void vp9_cyclic_refresh_setup(VP9_COMP *const cpi) {
    500   VP9_COMMON *const cm = &cpi->common;
    501   const RATE_CONTROL *const rc = &cpi->rc;
    502   CYCLIC_REFRESH *const cr = cpi->cyclic_refresh;
    503   struct segmentation *const seg = &cm->seg;
    504   if (cm->current_video_frame == 0) cr->low_content_avg = 0.0;
    505   if (!cr->apply_cyclic_refresh || (cpi->force_update_segmentation)) {
    506     // Set segmentation map to 0 and disable.
    507     unsigned char *const seg_map = cpi->segmentation_map;
    508     memset(seg_map, 0, cm->mi_rows * cm->mi_cols);
    509     vp9_disable_segmentation(&cm->seg);
    510     if (cm->frame_type == KEY_FRAME) {
    511       memset(cr->last_coded_q_map, MAXQ,
    512              cm->mi_rows * cm->mi_cols * sizeof(*cr->last_coded_q_map));
    513       cr->sb_index = 0;
    514       cr->reduce_refresh = 0;
    515     }
    516     return;
    517   } else {
    518     int qindex_delta = 0;
    519     int qindex2;
    520     const double q = vp9_convert_qindex_to_q(cm->base_qindex, cm->bit_depth);
    521     vpx_clear_system_state();
    522     // Set rate threshold to some multiple (set to 2 for now) of the target
    523     // rate (target is given by sb64_target_rate and scaled by 256).
    524     cr->thresh_rate_sb = ((int64_t)(rc->sb64_target_rate) << 8) << 2;
    525     // Distortion threshold, quadratic in Q, scale factor to be adjusted.
    526     // q will not exceed 457, so (q * q) is within 32bit; see:
    527     // vp9_convert_qindex_to_q(), vp9_ac_quant(), ac_qlookup*[].
    528     cr->thresh_dist_sb = ((int64_t)(q * q)) << 2;
    529 
    530     // Set up segmentation.
    531     // Clear down the segment map.
    532     vp9_enable_segmentation(&cm->seg);
    533     vp9_clearall_segfeatures(seg);
    534     // Select delta coding method.
    535     seg->abs_delta = SEGMENT_DELTADATA;
    536 
    537     // Note: setting temporal_update has no effect, as the seg-map coding method
    538     // (temporal or spatial) is determined in vp9_choose_segmap_coding_method(),
    539     // based on the coding cost of each method. For error_resilient mode on the
    540     // last_frame_seg_map is set to 0, so if temporal coding is used, it is
    541     // relative to 0 previous map.
    542     // seg->temporal_update = 0;
    543 
    544     // Segment BASE "Q" feature is disabled so it defaults to the baseline Q.
    545     vp9_disable_segfeature(seg, CR_SEGMENT_ID_BASE, SEG_LVL_ALT_Q);
    546     // Use segment BOOST1 for in-frame Q adjustment.
    547     vp9_enable_segfeature(seg, CR_SEGMENT_ID_BOOST1, SEG_LVL_ALT_Q);
    548     // Use segment BOOST2 for more aggressive in-frame Q adjustment.
    549     vp9_enable_segfeature(seg, CR_SEGMENT_ID_BOOST2, SEG_LVL_ALT_Q);
    550 
    551     // Set the q delta for segment BOOST1.
    552     qindex_delta = compute_deltaq(cpi, cm->base_qindex, cr->rate_ratio_qdelta);
    553     cr->qindex_delta[1] = qindex_delta;
    554 
    555     // Compute rd-mult for segment BOOST1.
    556     qindex2 = clamp(cm->base_qindex + cm->y_dc_delta_q + qindex_delta, 0, MAXQ);
    557 
    558     cr->rdmult = vp9_compute_rd_mult(cpi, qindex2);
    559 
    560     vp9_set_segdata(seg, CR_SEGMENT_ID_BOOST1, SEG_LVL_ALT_Q, qindex_delta);
    561 
    562     // Set a more aggressive (higher) q delta for segment BOOST2.
    563     qindex_delta = compute_deltaq(
    564         cpi, cm->base_qindex,
    565         VPXMIN(CR_MAX_RATE_TARGET_RATIO,
    566                0.1 * cr->rate_boost_fac * cr->rate_ratio_qdelta));
    567     cr->qindex_delta[2] = qindex_delta;
    568     vp9_set_segdata(seg, CR_SEGMENT_ID_BOOST2, SEG_LVL_ALT_Q, qindex_delta);
    569 
    570     // Reset if resoluton change has occurred.
    571     if (cpi->resize_pending != 0) vp9_cyclic_refresh_reset_resize(cpi);
    572 
    573     // Update the segmentation and refresh map.
    574     cyclic_refresh_update_map(cpi);
    575   }
    576 }
    577 
    578 int vp9_cyclic_refresh_get_rdmult(const CYCLIC_REFRESH *cr) {
    579   return cr->rdmult;
    580 }
    581 
    582 void vp9_cyclic_refresh_reset_resize(VP9_COMP *const cpi) {
    583   const VP9_COMMON *const cm = &cpi->common;
    584   CYCLIC_REFRESH *const cr = cpi->cyclic_refresh;
    585   memset(cr->map, 0, cm->mi_rows * cm->mi_cols);
    586   memset(cr->last_coded_q_map, MAXQ, cm->mi_rows * cm->mi_cols);
    587   cr->sb_index = 0;
    588   cpi->refresh_golden_frame = 1;
    589   cpi->refresh_alt_ref_frame = 1;
    590 }
    591