1 A. HISTORY OF THE SOFTWARE 2 ========================== 3 4 Python was created in the early 1990s by Guido van Rossum at Stichting 5 Mathematisch Centrum (CWI, see http://www.cwi.nl) in the Netherlands 6 as a successor of a language called ABC. Guido remains Python's 7 principal author, although it includes many contributions from others. 8 9 In 1995, Guido continued his work on Python at the Corporation for 10 National Research Initiatives (CNRI, see http://www.cnri.reston.va.us) 11 in Reston, Virginia where he released several versions of the 12 software. 13 14 In May 2000, Guido and the Python core development team moved to 15 BeOpen.com to form the BeOpen PythonLabs team. In October of the same 16 year, the PythonLabs team moved to Digital Creations (now Zope 17 Corporation, see http://www.zope.com). In 2001, the Python Software 18 Foundation (PSF, see http://www.python.org/psf/) was formed, a 19 non-profit organization created specifically to own Python-related 20 Intellectual Property. Zope Corporation is a sponsoring member of 21 the PSF. 22 23 All Python releases are Open Source (see http://www.opensource.org for 24 the Open Source Definition). Historically, most, but not all, Python 25 releases have also been GPL-compatible; the table below summarizes 26 the various releases. 27 28 Release Derived Year Owner GPL- 29 from compatible? (1) 30 31 0.9.0 thru 1.2 1991-1995 CWI yes 32 1.3 thru 1.5.2 1.2 1995-1999 CNRI yes 33 1.6 1.5.2 2000 CNRI no 34 2.0 1.6 2000 BeOpen.com no 35 1.6.1 1.6 2001 CNRI yes (2) 36 2.1 2.0+1.6.1 2001 PSF no 37 2.0.1 2.0+1.6.1 2001 PSF yes 38 2.1.1 2.1+2.0.1 2001 PSF yes 39 2.1.2 2.1.1 2002 PSF yes 40 2.1.3 2.1.2 2002 PSF yes 41 2.2 and above 2.1.1 2001-now PSF yes 42 43 Footnotes: 44 45 (1) GPL-compatible doesn't mean that we're distributing Python under 46 the GPL. All Python licenses, unlike the GPL, let you distribute 47 a modified version without making your changes open source. The 48 GPL-compatible licenses make it possible to combine Python with 49 other software that is released under the GPL; the others don't. 50 51 (2) According to Richard Stallman, 1.6.1 is not GPL-compatible, 52 because its license has a choice of law clause. According to 53 CNRI, however, Stallman's lawyer has told CNRI's lawyer that 1.6.1 54 is "not incompatible" with the GPL. 55 56 Thanks to the many outside volunteers who have worked under Guido's 57 direction to make these releases possible. 58 59 60 B. TERMS AND CONDITIONS FOR ACCESSING OR OTHERWISE USING PYTHON 61 =============================================================== 62 63 PYTHON SOFTWARE FOUNDATION LICENSE VERSION 2 64 -------------------------------------------- 65 66 1. This LICENSE AGREEMENT is between the Python Software Foundation 67 ("PSF"), and the Individual or Organization ("Licensee") accessing and 68 otherwise using this software ("Python") in source or binary form and 69 its associated documentation. 70 71 2. Subject to the terms and conditions of this License Agreement, PSF hereby 72 grants Licensee a nonexclusive, royalty-free, world-wide license to reproduce, 73 analyze, test, perform and/or display publicly, prepare derivative works, 74 distribute, and otherwise use Python alone or in any derivative version, 75 provided, however, that PSF's License Agreement and PSF's notice of copyright, 76 i.e., "Copyright (c) 2001, 2002, 2003, 2004, 2005, 2006, 2007, 2008, 2009, 2010, 77 2011, 2012, 2013, 2014, 2015, 2016 Python Software Foundation; All Rights 78 Reserved" are retained in Python alone or in any derivative version prepared by 79 Licensee. 80 81 3. In the event Licensee prepares a derivative work that is based on 82 or incorporates Python or any part thereof, and wants to make 83 the derivative work available to others as provided herein, then 84 Licensee hereby agrees to include in any such work a brief summary of 85 the changes made to Python. 86 87 4. PSF is making Python available to Licensee on an "AS IS" 88 basis. PSF MAKES NO REPRESENTATIONS OR WARRANTIES, EXPRESS OR 89 IMPLIED. BY WAY OF EXAMPLE, BUT NOT LIMITATION, PSF MAKES NO AND 90 DISCLAIMS ANY REPRESENTATION OR WARRANTY OF MERCHANTABILITY OR FITNESS 91 FOR ANY PARTICULAR PURPOSE OR THAT THE USE OF PYTHON WILL NOT 92 INFRINGE ANY THIRD PARTY RIGHTS. 93 94 5. PSF SHALL NOT BE LIABLE TO LICENSEE OR ANY OTHER USERS OF PYTHON 95 FOR ANY INCIDENTAL, SPECIAL, OR CONSEQUENTIAL DAMAGES OR LOSS AS 96 A RESULT OF MODIFYING, DISTRIBUTING, OR OTHERWISE USING PYTHON, 97 OR ANY DERIVATIVE THEREOF, EVEN IF ADVISED OF THE POSSIBILITY THEREOF. 98 99 6. This License Agreement will automatically terminate upon a material 100 breach of its terms and conditions. 101 102 7. Nothing in this License Agreement shall be deemed to create any 103 relationship of agency, partnership, or joint venture between PSF and 104 Licensee. This License Agreement does not grant permission to use PSF 105 trademarks or trade name in a trademark sense to endorse or promote 106 products or services of Licensee, or any third party. 107 108 8. By copying, installing or otherwise using Python, Licensee 109 agrees to be bound by the terms and conditions of this License 110 Agreement. 111 112 113 BEOPEN.COM LICENSE AGREEMENT FOR PYTHON 2.0 114 ------------------------------------------- 115 116 BEOPEN PYTHON OPEN SOURCE LICENSE AGREEMENT VERSION 1 117 118 1. This LICENSE AGREEMENT is between BeOpen.com ("BeOpen"), having an 119 office at 160 Saratoga Avenue, Santa Clara, CA 95051, and the 120 Individual or Organization ("Licensee") accessing and otherwise using 121 this software in source or binary form and its associated 122 documentation ("the Software"). 123 124 2. Subject to the terms and conditions of this BeOpen Python License 125 Agreement, BeOpen hereby grants Licensee a non-exclusive, 126 royalty-free, world-wide license to reproduce, analyze, test, perform 127 and/or display publicly, prepare derivative works, distribute, and 128 otherwise use the Software alone or in any derivative version, 129 provided, however, that the BeOpen Python License is retained in the 130 Software, alone or in any derivative version prepared by Licensee. 131 132 3. BeOpen is making the Software available to Licensee on an "AS IS" 133 basis. BEOPEN MAKES NO REPRESENTATIONS OR WARRANTIES, EXPRESS OR 134 IMPLIED. BY WAY OF EXAMPLE, BUT NOT LIMITATION, BEOPEN MAKES NO AND 135 DISCLAIMS ANY REPRESENTATION OR WARRANTY OF MERCHANTABILITY OR FITNESS 136 FOR ANY PARTICULAR PURPOSE OR THAT THE USE OF THE SOFTWARE WILL NOT 137 INFRINGE ANY THIRD PARTY RIGHTS. 138 139 4. BEOPEN SHALL NOT BE LIABLE TO LICENSEE OR ANY OTHER USERS OF THE 140 SOFTWARE FOR ANY INCIDENTAL, SPECIAL, OR CONSEQUENTIAL DAMAGES OR LOSS 141 AS A RESULT OF USING, MODIFYING OR DISTRIBUTING THE SOFTWARE, OR ANY 142 DERIVATIVE THEREOF, EVEN IF ADVISED OF THE POSSIBILITY THEREOF. 143 144 5. This License Agreement will automatically terminate upon a material 145 breach of its terms and conditions. 146 147 6. This License Agreement shall be governed by and interpreted in all 148 respects by the law of the State of California, excluding conflict of 149 law provisions. Nothing in this License Agreement shall be deemed to 150 create any relationship of agency, partnership, or joint venture 151 between BeOpen and Licensee. This License Agreement does not grant 152 permission to use BeOpen trademarks or trade names in a trademark 153 sense to endorse or promote products or services of Licensee, or any 154 third party. As an exception, the "BeOpen Python" logos available at 155 http://www.pythonlabs.com/logos.html may be used according to the 156 permissions granted on that web page. 157 158 7. By copying, installing or otherwise using the software, Licensee 159 agrees to be bound by the terms and conditions of this License 160 Agreement. 161 162 163 CNRI LICENSE AGREEMENT FOR PYTHON 1.6.1 164 --------------------------------------- 165 166 1. This LICENSE AGREEMENT is between the Corporation for National 167 Research Initiatives, having an office at 1895 Preston White Drive, 168 Reston, VA 20191 ("CNRI"), and the Individual or Organization 169 ("Licensee") accessing and otherwise using Python 1.6.1 software in 170 source or binary form and its associated documentation. 171 172 2. Subject to the terms and conditions of this License Agreement, CNRI 173 hereby grants Licensee a nonexclusive, royalty-free, world-wide 174 license to reproduce, analyze, test, perform and/or display publicly, 175 prepare derivative works, distribute, and otherwise use Python 1.6.1 176 alone or in any derivative version, provided, however, that CNRI's 177 License Agreement and CNRI's notice of copyright, i.e., "Copyright (c) 178 1995-2001 Corporation for National Research Initiatives; All Rights 179 Reserved" are retained in Python 1.6.1 alone or in any derivative 180 version prepared by Licensee. Alternately, in lieu of CNRI's License 181 Agreement, Licensee may substitute the following text (omitting the 182 quotes): "Python 1.6.1 is made available subject to the terms and 183 conditions in CNRI's License Agreement. This Agreement together with 184 Python 1.6.1 may be located on the Internet using the following 185 unique, persistent identifier (known as a handle): 1895.22/1013. This 186 Agreement may also be obtained from a proxy server on the Internet 187 using the following URL: http://hdl.handle.net/1895.22/1013". 188 189 3. In the event Licensee prepares a derivative work that is based on 190 or incorporates Python 1.6.1 or any part thereof, and wants to make 191 the derivative work available to others as provided herein, then 192 Licensee hereby agrees to include in any such work a brief summary of 193 the changes made to Python 1.6.1. 194 195 4. CNRI is making Python 1.6.1 available to Licensee on an "AS IS" 196 basis. CNRI MAKES NO REPRESENTATIONS OR WARRANTIES, EXPRESS OR 197 IMPLIED. BY WAY OF EXAMPLE, BUT NOT LIMITATION, CNRI MAKES NO AND 198 DISCLAIMS ANY REPRESENTATION OR WARRANTY OF MERCHANTABILITY OR FITNESS 199 FOR ANY PARTICULAR PURPOSE OR THAT THE USE OF PYTHON 1.6.1 WILL NOT 200 INFRINGE ANY THIRD PARTY RIGHTS. 201 202 5. CNRI SHALL NOT BE LIABLE TO LICENSEE OR ANY OTHER USERS OF PYTHON 203 1.6.1 FOR ANY INCIDENTAL, SPECIAL, OR CONSEQUENTIAL DAMAGES OR LOSS AS 204 A RESULT OF MODIFYING, DISTRIBUTING, OR OTHERWISE USING PYTHON 1.6.1, 205 OR ANY DERIVATIVE THEREOF, EVEN IF ADVISED OF THE POSSIBILITY THEREOF. 206 207 6. This License Agreement will automatically terminate upon a material 208 breach of its terms and conditions. 209 210 7. This License Agreement shall be governed by the federal 211 intellectual property law of the United States, including without 212 limitation the federal copyright law, and, to the extent such 213 U.S. federal law does not apply, by the law of the Commonwealth of 214 Virginia, excluding Virginia's conflict of law provisions. 215 Notwithstanding the foregoing, with regard to derivative works based 216 on Python 1.6.1 that incorporate non-separable material that was 217 previously distributed under the GNU General Public License (GPL), the 218 law of the Commonwealth of Virginia shall govern this License 219 Agreement only as to issues arising under or with respect to 220 Paragraphs 4, 5, and 7 of this License Agreement. Nothing in this 221 License Agreement shall be deemed to create any relationship of 222 agency, partnership, or joint venture between CNRI and Licensee. This 223 License Agreement does not grant permission to use CNRI trademarks or 224 trade name in a trademark sense to endorse or promote products or 225 services of Licensee, or any third party. 226 227 8. By clicking on the "ACCEPT" button where indicated, or by copying, 228 installing or otherwise using Python 1.6.1, Licensee agrees to be 229 bound by the terms and conditions of this License Agreement. 230 231 ACCEPT 232 233 234 CWI LICENSE AGREEMENT FOR PYTHON 0.9.0 THROUGH 1.2 235 -------------------------------------------------- 236 237 Copyright (c) 1991 - 1995, Stichting Mathematisch Centrum Amsterdam, 238 The Netherlands. All rights reserved. 239 240 Permission to use, copy, modify, and distribute this software and its 241 documentation for any purpose and without fee is hereby granted, 242 provided that the above copyright notice appear in all copies and that 243 both that copyright notice and this permission notice appear in 244 supporting documentation, and that the name of Stichting Mathematisch 245 Centrum or CWI not be used in advertising or publicity pertaining to 246 distribution of the software without specific, written prior 247 permission. 248 249 STICHTING MATHEMATISCH CENTRUM DISCLAIMS ALL WARRANTIES WITH REGARD TO 250 THIS SOFTWARE, INCLUDING ALL IMPLIED WARRANTIES OF MERCHANTABILITY AND 251 FITNESS, IN NO EVENT SHALL STICHTING MATHEMATISCH CENTRUM BE LIABLE 252 FOR ANY SPECIAL, INDIRECT OR CONSEQUENTIAL DAMAGES OR ANY DAMAGES 253 WHATSOEVER RESULTING FROM LOSS OF USE, DATA OR PROFITS, WHETHER IN AN 254 ACTION OF CONTRACT, NEGLIGENCE OR OTHER TORTIOUS ACTION, ARISING OUT 255 OF OR IN CONNECTION WITH THE USE OR PERFORMANCE OF THIS SOFTWARE. 256
