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    143 <table summary="layout" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="2" class="TOCbug" align="right"><tr><td class="TOCbug"><a href="#toc">&nbsp;TOC&nbsp;</a></td></tr></table>
    144 <table summary="layout" width="66%" border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0"><tr><td><table summary="layout" width="100%" border="0" cellpadding="2" cellspacing="1">
    145 <tr><td class="header">Internet Engineering Task Force</td><td class="header">M. Davis</td></tr>
    146 <tr><td class="header">Internet-Draft</td><td class="header">Google</td></tr>
    147 <tr><td class="header">Intended status: BCP</td><td class="header">A. Phillips</td></tr>
    148 <tr><td class="header">Expires: July 17, 2010</td><td class="header">Lab126</td></tr>
    149 <tr><td class="header">&nbsp;</td><td class="header">Y. Umaoka</td></tr>
    150 <tr><td class="header">&nbsp;</td><td class="header">IBM</td></tr>
    151 <tr><td class="header">&nbsp;</td><td class="header">January 13, 2010</td></tr>
    152 </table></td></tr></table>
    153 <h1><br />BCP 47 Extension U<br />draft-davis-u-langtag-ext-00</h1>
    154 
    155 <h3>Abstract</h3>
    156 
    157 <p>This document specifies an Extension to BCP 47
    158       which provides subtags that specify language and/or locale-based behavior or refinements to language tags, according
    159       to work done by the Unicode Consortium.
    160 </p>
    161 <h3>Status of this Memo</h3>
    162 <p>
    163 This Internet-Draft is submitted to IETF in full
    164 conformance with the provisions of BCP&nbsp;78 and BCP&nbsp;79.</p>
    165 <p>
    166 Internet-Drafts are working documents of the Internet Engineering
    167 Task Force (IETF), its areas, and its working groups.
    168 Note that other groups may also distribute working documents as
    169 Internet-Drafts.</p>
    170 <p>
    171 Internet-Drafts are draft documents valid for a maximum of six months
    172 and may be updated, replaced, or obsoleted by other documents at any time.
    173 It is inappropriate to use Internet-Drafts as reference material or to cite
    174 them other than as &ldquo;work in progress.&rdquo;</p>
    175 <p>
    176 The list of current Internet-Drafts can be accessed at
    177 <a href='http://www.ietf.org/ietf/1id-abstracts.txt'>http://www.ietf.org/ietf/1id-abstracts.txt</a>.</p>
    178 <p>
    179 The list of Internet-Draft Shadow Directories can be accessed at
    180 <a href='http://www.ietf.org/shadow.html'>http://www.ietf.org/shadow.html</a>.</p>
    181 <p>
    182 This Internet-Draft will expire on July 17, 2010.</p>
    183 
    184 <h3>Copyright Notice</h3>
    185 <p>
    186 Copyright (c) 2010 IETF Trust and the persons identified as the
    187 document authors.  All rights reserved.</p>
    188 <p>
    189 This document is subject to BCP 78 and the IETF Trust's Legal
    190 Provisions Relating to IETF Documents
    191 (http://trustee.ietf.org/license-info) in effect on the date of
    192 publication of this document.  Please review these documents
    193 carefully, as they describe your rights and restrictions with respect
    194 to this document. Code Components extracted from this document must
    195 include Simplified BSD License text as described in Section 4.e of
    196 the Trust Legal Provisions and are provided without warranty as
    197 described in the BSD License.</p>
    198 <a name="toc"></a><br /><hr />
    199 <h3>Table of Contents</h3>
    200 <p class="toc">
    201 <a href="#anchor1">1.</a>&nbsp;
    202 Introduction<br />
    203 &nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;<a href="#anchor2">1.1.</a>&nbsp;
    204 Requirements Language<br />
    205 <a href="#anchor3">2.</a>&nbsp;
    206 BCP47 Required Information<br />
    207 &nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;<a href="#anchor4">2.1.</a>&nbsp;
    208 Summary<br />
    209 &nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;<a href="#canonicalization">2.1.1.</a>&nbsp;
    210 Canonicalization<br />
    211 &nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;<a href="#regform">2.2.</a>&nbsp;
    212 Registration Form<br />
    213 <a href="#Acknowledgements">3.</a>&nbsp;
    214 Acknowledgements<br />
    215 <a href="#IANA">4.</a>&nbsp;
    216 IANA Considerations<br />
    217 <a href="#Security">5.</a>&nbsp;
    218 Security Considerations<br />
    219 <a href="#rfc.references1">6.</a>&nbsp;
    220 References<br />
    221 &nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;<a href="#rfc.references1">6.1.</a>&nbsp;
    222 Normative References<br />
    223 &nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;<a href="#rfc.references2">6.2.</a>&nbsp;
    224 Informative References<br />
    225 <a href="#rfc.authors">&#167;</a>&nbsp;
    226 Authors' Addresses<br />
    227 </p>
    228 <br clear="all" />
    229 
    230 <a name="anchor1"></a><br /><hr />
    231 <table summary="layout" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="2" class="TOCbug" align="right"><tr><td class="TOCbug"><a href="#toc">&nbsp;TOC&nbsp;</a></td></tr></table>
    232 <a name="rfc.section.1"></a><h3>1.&nbsp;
    233 Introduction</h3>
    234 
    235 <p>  <a class='info' href='#BCP47'>[BCP47]<span> (</span><span class='info'>Davis, M., Ed., &ldquo;Tags for the Identification of Language (BCP47),&rdquo; September&nbsp;2009.</span><span>)</span></a> permits the definition and registration of language tag extensions "that
    236       contain a language component and are compatible with applications that
    237       understand language tags". This document defines an extension for identifying Unicode locale-based variations using language tags. The "singleton" identifier for this extension is 'u'.
    238 </p>
    239 <a name="anchor2"></a><br /><hr />
    240 <table summary="layout" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="2" class="TOCbug" align="right"><tr><td class="TOCbug"><a href="#toc">&nbsp;TOC&nbsp;</a></td></tr></table>
    241 <a name="rfc.section.1.1"></a><h3>1.1.&nbsp;
    242 Requirements Language</h3>
    243 
    244 <p>The key words "MUST", "MUST NOT", "REQUIRED", "SHALL", "SHALL NOT",
    245         "SHOULD", "SHOULD NOT", "RECOMMENDED", "MAY", and "OPTIONAL" in this
    246         document are to be interpreted as described in RFC 2119.
    247 </p>
    248 <a name="anchor3"></a><br /><hr />
    249 <table summary="layout" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="2" class="TOCbug" align="right"><tr><td class="TOCbug"><a href="#toc">&nbsp;TOC&nbsp;</a></td></tr></table>
    250 <a name="rfc.section.2"></a><h3>2.&nbsp;
    251 BCP47 Required Information</h3>
    252 
    253 <p>Language tags, as defined by <a class='info' href='#BCP47'>[BCP47]<span> (</span><span class='info'>Davis, M., Ed., &ldquo;Tags for the Identification of Language (BCP47),&rdquo; September&nbsp;2009.</span><span>)</span></a>, are useful for identifying the language of content. They are also used as locale identifiers (or can be mapped to locales) in many operating environments and APIs. However, most such locale identifiers also provide additional "tailorings" or options for specific values within a language, culture, region, or other variation. This extension provides a mechanism for using these additional tailorings within language tags for general interchange.
    254 </p>
    255 <p> The maintaining authority for this extension's registry is the Unicode
    256       Consortium. Unicode defines common locale data and identifiers for this data:
    257 </p><table class="full" align="center" border="0" cellpadding="2" cellspacing="2">
    258 <col align="left"><col align="left">
    259 <tr><th align="left">Item</th><th align="left">Value</th></tr>
    260 <tr>
    261 <td align="left">Name</td>
    262 <td align="left">Unicode Consortium</td>
    263 </tr>
    264 <tr>
    265 <td align="left">Contact Email</td>
    266 <td align="left">cldr (a] unicode.org</td>
    267 </tr>
    268 <tr>
    269 <td align="left">Discussion List Email</td>
    270 <td align="left">cldr-users (a] unicode.org</td>
    271 </tr>
    272 <tr>
    273 <td align="left">URL Location</td>
    274 <td align="left">cldr.unicode.org</td>
    275 </tr>
    276 <tr>
    277 <td align="left">Specification</td>
    278 <td align="left">Unicode Technical Standard #35 Unicode Locale Data Markup Language
    279         (LDML), http://unicode.org/reports/tr35/</td>
    280 </tr>
    281 <tr>
    282 <td align="left">Section</td>
    283 <td align="left">Section 3.2 BCP 47 Tag Conversion</td>
    284 </tr>
    285 </table>
    286 <br clear="all" />
    287 
    288 <p>The specification of extension subtags is provided by Section 3 of <a class='info' href='#LDML'>Unicode
    289       Technical Standard #35 Unicode Locale Data Markup Language<span> (</span><span class='info'>Davis, M., &ldquo;Unicode Technical Standard #35: Locale Data Markup Language (LDML),&rdquo; December&nbsp;2007.</span><span>)</span></a> [LDML]. As required by BCP 47, subtags follow the language tag ABNF and
    290       other rules for the formation of language tags and subtags, are restricted to the ASCII letters and digits, are not case sensitive, and do not exceed eight characters in length.
    291 </p>
    292 <p><a class='info' href='#LDML'>[LDML]<span> (</span><span class='info'>Davis, M., &ldquo;Unicode Technical Standard #35: Locale Data Markup Language (LDML),&rdquo; December&nbsp;2007.</span><span>)</span></a> specifies a canonical
    293       representation. LDML is available over the Internet and at no cost, and
    294       is available via a royalty-free license at
    295       http://unicode.org/copyright.html. LDML is versioned, and each
    296       version of LDML is numbered, dated, and stable. Extension subtags, once
    297       defined by LDML, are never retracted or change in meaning in a
    298       substantial way. 
    299 </p>
    300 <a name="anchor4"></a><br /><hr />
    301 <table summary="layout" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="2" class="TOCbug" align="right"><tr><td class="TOCbug"><a href="#toc">&nbsp;TOC&nbsp;</a></td></tr></table>
    302 <a name="rfc.section.2.1"></a><h3>2.1.&nbsp;
    303 Summary</h3>
    304 
    305 <p>The subtags available for use in the 'u' extension consist of a set of attributes, keys, and types. Attributes, keys, types, and their respective meanings are defined in Section 3 (Unicode Language and Locale Identifiers) of <a class='info' href='#LDML'>[LDML]<span> (</span><span class='info'>Davis, M., &ldquo;Unicode Technical Standard #35: Locale Data Markup Language (LDML),&rdquo; December&nbsp;2007.</span><span>)</span></a>. The following is a summary of that definition (for details see Section 3):</p>
    306 <ul class="text">
    307 <li>An 'attribute' is a subtag with a length of three or more characters following the singleton and preceding any 'keyword' sequences. No attributes were defined at the time of this document's publication.
    308 </li>
    309 <li>A 'keyword' is a sequence of subtags consisting of a 'key' subtag, followed by zero or more 'type' subtags. Each 'key' MUST be unique within the extension. The order of the 'type' subtags within a 'keyword' is sometimes significant to their interpretation. Note that 'keys' can appear without a subsequent 'type' subtag.
    310 <blockquote class="text"><dl>
    311 <dt>A.</dt>
    312 <dd>A 'key' is a subtag with a length of exactly two characters. Each 'key' is followed by zero or more 'type' subtags.  
    313 </dd>
    314 <dt>B.</dt>
    315 <dd>A 'type' is a subtag with a length of three or more characters following a key. 'Type' subtags are specific to a particular 'key' and the order of the 'type' subtags MAY be significant to the interpretation of the 'keyword'.
    316 </dd>
    317 </dl></blockquote>
    318 </li>
    319 </ul>
    320 
    321 <p>For example, the language tag "de-DE-u-attr-co-phonebk" consists of:</p>
    322 <ul class="text">
    323 <li>The base language tag "de-DE" (German as used in Germany), exactly as defined by <a class='info' href='#BCP47'>[BCP47]<span> (</span><span class='info'>Davis, M., Ed., &ldquo;Tags for the Identification of Language (BCP47),&rdquo; September&nbsp;2009.</span><span>)</span></a> using subtags from the IANA Language Subtag Registry.
    324 </li>
    325 <li>The singleton 'u', identifying this extension.
    326 </li>
    327 <li>The attribute 'attr', which is an example for illustration (no attributes were defined at the time this document was published).
    328 </li>
    329 <li>The keyword 'co-phonebk', consisting to the key 'co' (Collation) and the type 'phonebk' (Phonebook collation order).
    330 </li>
    331 </ul>
    332 
    333 <p>With successive versions of <a class='info' href='#LDML'>[LDML]<span> (</span><span class='info'>Davis, M., &ldquo;Unicode Technical Standard #35: Locale Data Markup Language (LDML),&rdquo; December&nbsp;2007.</span><span>)</span></a>, additional attributes, keys, and types MAY be defined. Once defined, attributes, keys, and types will never be removed. Machine-readable files listing the valid attributes, keys, and types are available in the CLDR repository for each version. For example, for version 1.7.2, the files are located at <a href='http://unicode.org/repos/cldr/tags/release-1-7-2/common/bcp47/'>http://unicode.org/repos/cldr/tags/release-1-7-2/common/bcp47/</a>. These also can contain aliases which were used in previous versions of <a class='info' href='#LDML'>[LDML]<span> (</span><span class='info'>Davis, M., &ldquo;Unicode Technical Standard #35: Locale Data Markup Language (LDML),&rdquo; December&nbsp;2007.</span><span>)</span></a>.
    334 </p>
    335 <a name="canonicalization"></a><br /><hr />
    336 <table summary="layout" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="2" class="TOCbug" align="right"><tr><td class="TOCbug"><a href="#toc">&nbsp;TOC&nbsp;</a></td></tr></table>
    337 <a name="rfc.section.2.1.1"></a><h3>2.1.1.&nbsp;
    338 Canonicalization</h3>
    339 
    340 <p>As required by <a class='info' href='#BCP47'>[BCP47]<span> (</span><span class='info'>Davis, M., Ed., &ldquo;Tags for the Identification of Language (BCP47),&rdquo; September&nbsp;2009.</span><span>)</span></a>, case is not significant. The canonical form for all subtags in the extension is lowercase. The canonical order of attributes is in <a class='info' href='#US-ASCII'>[US&#8209;ASCII]<span> (</span><span class='info'>International Organization for Standardization, &ldquo;ISO/IEC 646:1991, Information technology -- ISO 7-bit coded character set for information interchange.,&rdquo; 1991.</span><span>)</span></a> order (that is, numbers before letters, with letters sorted as lowercase US-ASCII code points). The canonical order of keywords is in <a class='info' href='#US-ASCII'>[US&#8209;ASCII]<span> (</span><span class='info'>International Organization for Standardization, &ldquo;ISO/IEC 646:1991, Information technology -- ISO 7-bit coded character set for information interchange.,&rdquo; 1991.</span><span>)</span></a> order by key. The order of subtags within a keyword is significant; the meaning of this extension is altered if those subtags are rearranged. Thus, the canonical form of the extension never reorders the subtags within a keyword.
    341 </p>
    342 <a name="regform"></a><br /><hr />
    343 <table summary="layout" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="2" class="TOCbug" align="right"><tr><td class="TOCbug"><a href="#toc">&nbsp;TOC&nbsp;</a></td></tr></table>
    344 <a name="rfc.section.2.2"></a><h3>2.2.&nbsp;
    345 Registration Form</h3>
    346 
    347 <p>Per <a class='info' href='#RFC5646'>[RFC5646]<span> (</span><span class='info'>Phillips, A. and M. Davis, &ldquo;Tags for Identifying Languages,&rdquo; September&nbsp;2009.</span><span>)</span></a>, Section 3.7:
    348 </p><div style='display: table; width: 0; margin-left: 3em; margin-right: auto'><pre>%%
    349 Identifier: u
    350 Description: Unicode Locale
    351 Comments: Subtags for the identification of language and cultural
    352     variations. Used to set behavior in locale APIs.
    353 Added: 2009-mm-dd
    354 RFC: [TBD]
    355 Authority: Unicode Consortium
    356 Contact_Email: cldr (a] unicode.org
    357 Mailing_List: cldr-users (a] unicode.org
    358 URL: http://cldr.unicode.org
    359 %%</pre></div>
    360 <a name="Acknowledgements"></a><br /><hr />
    361 <table summary="layout" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="2" class="TOCbug" align="right"><tr><td class="TOCbug"><a href="#toc">&nbsp;TOC&nbsp;</a></td></tr></table>
    362 <a name="rfc.section.3"></a><h3>3.&nbsp;
    363 Acknowledgements</h3>
    364 
    365 <p>Thanks to John Emmons and the rest of the Unicode
    366       CLDR Technical Committee for their work in developing the BCP 47 subtags
    367       for LDML.
    368 </p>
    369 <a name="IANA"></a><br /><hr />
    370 <table summary="layout" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="2" class="TOCbug" align="right"><tr><td class="TOCbug"><a href="#toc">&nbsp;TOC&nbsp;</a></td></tr></table>
    371 <a name="rfc.section.4"></a><h3>4.&nbsp;
    372 IANA Considerations</h3>
    373 
    374 <p>This document will require IANA to insert the record in <a class='info' href='#regform'>Section&nbsp;2.2<span> (</span><span class='info'>Registration Form</span><span>)</span></a> into the Language Extensions Registry, according to
    375       Section 3.7. Extensions and the Extensions Registry of "Tags for
    376       Identifying Languages" in <a class='info' href='#BCP47'>[BCP47]<span> (</span><span class='info'>Davis, M., Ed., &ldquo;Tags for the Identification of Language (BCP47),&rdquo; September&nbsp;2009.</span><span>)</span></a>. There might be occasional maintenance of this record. This document does not require IANA to create or maintain a new registry or otherwise impact IANA.
    377 </p>
    378 <a name="Security"></a><br /><hr />
    379 <table summary="layout" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="2" class="TOCbug" align="right"><tr><td class="TOCbug"><a href="#toc">&nbsp;TOC&nbsp;</a></td></tr></table>
    380 <a name="rfc.section.5"></a><h3>5.&nbsp;
    381 Security Considerations</h3>
    382 
    383 <p>The security considerations for this extension are the same as those
    384       for <a class='info' href='#RFC5646'>[RFC5646]<span> (</span><span class='info'>Phillips, A. and M. Davis, &ldquo;Tags for Identifying Languages,&rdquo; September&nbsp;2009.</span><span>)</span></a> (or its successors). See Section 6. Security Considerations
    385       of <a class='info' href='#RFC5646'>[RFC5646]<span> (</span><span class='info'>Phillips, A. and M. Davis, &ldquo;Tags for Identifying Languages,&rdquo; September&nbsp;2009.</span><span>)</span></a>.
    386 </p>
    387 <a name="rfc.references"></a><br /><hr />
    388 <table summary="layout" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="2" class="TOCbug" align="right"><tr><td class="TOCbug"><a href="#toc">&nbsp;TOC&nbsp;</a></td></tr></table>
    389 <a name="rfc.section.6"></a><h3>6.&nbsp;
    390 References</h3>
    391 
    392 <a name="rfc.references1"></a><br /><hr />
    393 <table summary="layout" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="2" class="TOCbug" align="right"><tr><td class="TOCbug"><a href="#toc">&nbsp;TOC&nbsp;</a></td></tr></table>
    394 <h3>6.1.&nbsp;Normative References</h3>
    395 <table width="99%" border="0">
    396 <tr><td class="author-text" valign="top"><a name="BCP47">[BCP47]</a></td>
    397 <td class="author-text">Davis, M., Ed., &ldquo;Tags for the Identification of Language (BCP47),&rdquo; September&nbsp;2009.</td></tr>
    398 <tr><td class="author-text" valign="top"><a name="LDML">[LDML]</a></td>
    399 <td class="author-text">Davis, M., &ldquo;<a href="http://www.unicode.org/reports/tr35/">Unicode Technical Standard #35: Locale Data Markup Language (LDML)</a>,&rdquo; December&nbsp;2007.</td></tr>
    400 <tr><td class="author-text" valign="top"><a name="RFC5646">[RFC5646]</a></td>
    401 <td class="author-text">Phillips, A. and M. Davis, &ldquo;<a href="http://tools.ietf.org/html/rfc5646">Tags for Identifying Languages</a>,&rdquo; BCP&nbsp;47, RFC&nbsp;5646, September&nbsp;2009 (<a href="ftp://ftp.isi.edu/in-notes/rfc5646.txt">TXT</a>).</td></tr>
    402 <tr><td class="author-text" valign="top"><a name="US-ASCII">[US-ASCII]</a></td>
    403 <td class="author-text">International Organization for Standardization, &ldquo;ISO/IEC 646:1991, Information technology -- ISO 7-bit coded character set for information interchange.,&rdquo; 1991.</td></tr>
    404 </table>
    405 
    406 <a name="rfc.references2"></a><br /><hr />
    407 <table summary="layout" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="2" class="TOCbug" align="right"><tr><td class="TOCbug"><a href="#toc">&nbsp;TOC&nbsp;</a></td></tr></table>
    408 <h3>6.2.&nbsp;Informative References</h3>
    409 <table width="99%" border="0">
    410 <tr><td class="author-text" valign="top"><a name="ldml-registry">[ldml-registry]</a></td>
    411 <td class="author-text">&ldquo;Registry for Common Locale Data Repository tag elements,&rdquo; September&nbsp;2009.</td></tr>
    412 </table>
    413 
    414 <a name="rfc.authors"></a><br /><hr />
    415 <table summary="layout" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="2" class="TOCbug" align="right"><tr><td class="TOCbug"><a href="#toc">&nbsp;TOC&nbsp;</a></td></tr></table>
    416 <h3>Authors' Addresses</h3>
    417 <table width="99%" border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0">
    418 <tr><td class="author-text">&nbsp;</td>
    419 <td class="author-text">Mark Davis</td></tr>
    420 <tr><td class="author-text">&nbsp;</td>
    421 <td class="author-text">Google</td></tr>
    422 <tr><td class="author" align="right">Email:&nbsp;</td>
    423 <td class="author-text"><a href="mailto:mark (a] macchiato.com">mark (a] macchiato.com</a></td></tr>
    424 <tr cellpadding="3"><td>&nbsp;</td><td>&nbsp;</td></tr>
    425 <tr><td class="author-text">&nbsp;</td>
    426 <td class="author-text">Addison Phillips</td></tr>
    427 <tr><td class="author-text">&nbsp;</td>
    428 <td class="author-text">Lab126</td></tr>
    429 <tr><td class="author" align="right">Email:&nbsp;</td>
    430 <td class="author-text"><a href="mailto:addison (a] inter-locale.com">addison (a] inter-locale.com</a></td></tr>
    431 <tr cellpadding="3"><td>&nbsp;</td><td>&nbsp;</td></tr>
    432 <tr><td class="author-text">&nbsp;</td>
    433 <td class="author-text">Yoshito Umaoka</td></tr>
    434 <tr><td class="author-text">&nbsp;</td>
    435 <td class="author-text">IBM</td></tr>
    436 <tr><td class="author" align="right">Email:&nbsp;</td>
    437 <td class="author-text"><a href="mailto:yoshito_umaoka (a] us.ibm.com">yoshito_umaoka (a] us.ibm.com</a></td></tr>
    438 </table>
    439 </body></html>
    440 
    441