1 A. HISTORY OF THE SOFTWARE 2 ========================== 3 4 Python was created in the early 1990s by Guido van Rossum at Stichting 5 Mathematisch Centrum (CWI, see http://www.cwi.nl) in the Netherlands 6 as a successor of a language called ABC. Guido remains Python's 7 principal author, although it includes many contributions from others. 8 9 In 1995, Guido continued his work on Python at the Corporation for 10 National Research Initiatives (CNRI, see http://www.cnri.reston.va.us) 11 in Reston, Virginia where he released several versions of the 12 software. 13 14 In May 2000, Guido and the Python core development team moved to 15 BeOpen.com to form the BeOpen PythonLabs team. In October of the same 16 year, the PythonLabs team moved to Digital Creations, which became 17 Zope Corporation. In 2001, the Python Software Foundation (PSF, see 18 https://www.python.org/psf/) was formed, a non-profit organization 19 created specifically to own Python-related Intellectual Property. 20 Zope Corporation was a sponsoring member of the PSF. 21 22 All Python releases are Open Source (see http://www.opensource.org for 23 the Open Source Definition). Historically, most, but not all, Python 24 releases have also been GPL-compatible; the table below summarizes 25 the various releases. 26 27 Release Derived Year Owner GPL- 28 from compatible? (1) 29 30 0.9.0 thru 1.2 1991-1995 CWI yes 31 1.3 thru 1.5.2 1.2 1995-1999 CNRI yes 32 1.6 1.5.2 2000 CNRI no 33 2.0 1.6 2000 BeOpen.com no 34 1.6.1 1.6 2001 CNRI yes (2) 35 2.1 2.0+1.6.1 2001 PSF no 36 2.0.1 2.0+1.6.1 2001 PSF yes 37 2.1.1 2.1+2.0.1 2001 PSF yes 38 2.1.2 2.1.1 2002 PSF yes 39 2.1.3 2.1.2 2002 PSF yes 40 2.2 and above 2.1.1 2001-now PSF yes 41 42 Footnotes: 43 44 (1) GPL-compatible doesn't mean that we're distributing Python under 45 the GPL. All Python licenses, unlike the GPL, let you distribute 46 a modified version without making your changes open source. The 47 GPL-compatible licenses make it possible to combine Python with 48 other software that is released under the GPL; the others don't. 49 50 (2) According to Richard Stallman, 1.6.1 is not GPL-compatible, 51 because its license has a choice of law clause. According to 52 CNRI, however, Stallman's lawyer has told CNRI's lawyer that 1.6.1 53 is "not incompatible" with the GPL. 54 55 Thanks to the many outside volunteers who have worked under Guido's 56 direction to make these releases possible. 57 58 59 B. TERMS AND CONDITIONS FOR ACCESSING OR OTHERWISE USING PYTHON 60 =============================================================== 61 62 PYTHON SOFTWARE FOUNDATION LICENSE VERSION 2 63 -------------------------------------------- 64 65 1. This LICENSE AGREEMENT is between the Python Software Foundation 66 ("PSF"), and the Individual or Organization ("Licensee") accessing and 67 otherwise using this software ("Python") in source or binary form and 68 its associated documentation. 69 70 2. Subject to the terms and conditions of this License Agreement, PSF hereby 71 grants Licensee a nonexclusive, royalty-free, world-wide license to reproduce, 72 analyze, test, perform and/or display publicly, prepare derivative works, 73 distribute, and otherwise use Python alone or in any derivative version, 74 provided, however, that PSF's License Agreement and PSF's notice of copyright, 75 i.e., "Copyright (c) 2001, 2002, 2003, 2004, 2005, 2006, 2007, 2008, 2009, 2010, 76 2011, 2012, 2013, 2014, 2015, 2016, 2017, 2018, 2019 Python Software Foundation; 77 All Rights Reserved" are retained in Python alone or in any derivative version 78 prepared by Licensee. 79 80 3. In the event Licensee prepares a derivative work that is based on 81 or incorporates Python or any part thereof, and wants to make 82 the derivative work available to others as provided herein, then 83 Licensee hereby agrees to include in any such work a brief summary of 84 the changes made to Python. 85 86 4. PSF is making Python available to Licensee on an "AS IS" 87 basis. PSF MAKES NO REPRESENTATIONS OR WARRANTIES, EXPRESS OR 88 IMPLIED. BY WAY OF EXAMPLE, BUT NOT LIMITATION, PSF MAKES NO AND 89 DISCLAIMS ANY REPRESENTATION OR WARRANTY OF MERCHANTABILITY OR FITNESS 90 FOR ANY PARTICULAR PURPOSE OR THAT THE USE OF PYTHON WILL NOT 91 INFRINGE ANY THIRD PARTY RIGHTS. 92 93 5. PSF SHALL NOT BE LIABLE TO LICENSEE OR ANY OTHER USERS OF PYTHON 94 FOR ANY INCIDENTAL, SPECIAL, OR CONSEQUENTIAL DAMAGES OR LOSS AS 95 A RESULT OF MODIFYING, DISTRIBUTING, OR OTHERWISE USING PYTHON, 96 OR ANY DERIVATIVE THEREOF, EVEN IF ADVISED OF THE POSSIBILITY THEREOF. 97 98 6. This License Agreement will automatically terminate upon a material 99 breach of its terms and conditions. 100 101 7. Nothing in this License Agreement shall be deemed to create any 102 relationship of agency, partnership, or joint venture between PSF and 103 Licensee. This License Agreement does not grant permission to use PSF 104 trademarks or trade name in a trademark sense to endorse or promote 105 products or services of Licensee, or any third party. 106 107 8. By copying, installing or otherwise using Python, Licensee 108 agrees to be bound by the terms and conditions of this License 109 Agreement. 110 111 112 BEOPEN.COM LICENSE AGREEMENT FOR PYTHON 2.0 113 ------------------------------------------- 114 115 BEOPEN PYTHON OPEN SOURCE LICENSE AGREEMENT VERSION 1 116 117 1. This LICENSE AGREEMENT is between BeOpen.com ("BeOpen"), having an 118 office at 160 Saratoga Avenue, Santa Clara, CA 95051, and the 119 Individual or Organization ("Licensee") accessing and otherwise using 120 this software in source or binary form and its associated 121 documentation ("the Software"). 122 123 2. Subject to the terms and conditions of this BeOpen Python License 124 Agreement, BeOpen hereby grants Licensee a non-exclusive, 125 royalty-free, world-wide license to reproduce, analyze, test, perform 126 and/or display publicly, prepare derivative works, distribute, and 127 otherwise use the Software alone or in any derivative version, 128 provided, however, that the BeOpen Python License is retained in the 129 Software, alone or in any derivative version prepared by Licensee. 130 131 3. BeOpen is making the Software available to Licensee on an "AS IS" 132 basis. BEOPEN MAKES NO REPRESENTATIONS OR WARRANTIES, EXPRESS OR 133 IMPLIED. BY WAY OF EXAMPLE, BUT NOT LIMITATION, BEOPEN MAKES NO AND 134 DISCLAIMS ANY REPRESENTATION OR WARRANTY OF MERCHANTABILITY OR FITNESS 135 FOR ANY PARTICULAR PURPOSE OR THAT THE USE OF THE SOFTWARE WILL NOT 136 INFRINGE ANY THIRD PARTY RIGHTS. 137 138 4. BEOPEN SHALL NOT BE LIABLE TO LICENSEE OR ANY OTHER USERS OF THE 139 SOFTWARE FOR ANY INCIDENTAL, SPECIAL, OR CONSEQUENTIAL DAMAGES OR LOSS 140 AS A RESULT OF USING, MODIFYING OR DISTRIBUTING THE SOFTWARE, OR ANY 141 DERIVATIVE THEREOF, EVEN IF ADVISED OF THE POSSIBILITY THEREOF. 142 143 5. This License Agreement will automatically terminate upon a material 144 breach of its terms and conditions. 145 146 6. This License Agreement shall be governed by and interpreted in all 147 respects by the law of the State of California, excluding conflict of 148 law provisions. Nothing in this License Agreement shall be deemed to 149 create any relationship of agency, partnership, or joint venture 150 between BeOpen and Licensee. This License Agreement does not grant 151 permission to use BeOpen trademarks or trade names in a trademark 152 sense to endorse or promote products or services of Licensee, or any 153 third party. As an exception, the "BeOpen Python" logos available at 154 http://www.pythonlabs.com/logos.html may be used according to the 155 permissions granted on that web page. 156 157 7. By copying, installing or otherwise using the software, Licensee 158 agrees to be bound by the terms and conditions of this License 159 Agreement. 160 161 162 CNRI LICENSE AGREEMENT FOR PYTHON 1.6.1 163 --------------------------------------- 164 165 1. This LICENSE AGREEMENT is between the Corporation for National 166 Research Initiatives, having an office at 1895 Preston White Drive, 167 Reston, VA 20191 ("CNRI"), and the Individual or Organization 168 ("Licensee") accessing and otherwise using Python 1.6.1 software in 169 source or binary form and its associated documentation. 170 171 2. Subject to the terms and conditions of this License Agreement, CNRI 172 hereby grants Licensee a nonexclusive, royalty-free, world-wide 173 license to reproduce, analyze, test, perform and/or display publicly, 174 prepare derivative works, distribute, and otherwise use Python 1.6.1 175 alone or in any derivative version, provided, however, that CNRI's 176 License Agreement and CNRI's notice of copyright, i.e., "Copyright (c) 177 1995-2001 Corporation for National Research Initiatives; All Rights 178 Reserved" are retained in Python 1.6.1 alone or in any derivative 179 version prepared by Licensee. Alternately, in lieu of CNRI's License 180 Agreement, Licensee may substitute the following text (omitting the 181 quotes): "Python 1.6.1 is made available subject to the terms and 182 conditions in CNRI's License Agreement. This Agreement together with 183 Python 1.6.1 may be located on the Internet using the following 184 unique, persistent identifier (known as a handle): 1895.22/1013. This 185 Agreement may also be obtained from a proxy server on the Internet 186 using the following URL: http://hdl.handle.net/1895.22/1013". 187 188 3. In the event Licensee prepares a derivative work that is based on 189 or incorporates Python 1.6.1 or any part thereof, and wants to make 190 the derivative work available to others as provided herein, then 191 Licensee hereby agrees to include in any such work a brief summary of 192 the changes made to Python 1.6.1. 193 194 4. CNRI is making Python 1.6.1 available to Licensee on an "AS IS" 195 basis. CNRI MAKES NO REPRESENTATIONS OR WARRANTIES, EXPRESS OR 196 IMPLIED. BY WAY OF EXAMPLE, BUT NOT LIMITATION, CNRI MAKES NO AND 197 DISCLAIMS ANY REPRESENTATION OR WARRANTY OF MERCHANTABILITY OR FITNESS 198 FOR ANY PARTICULAR PURPOSE OR THAT THE USE OF PYTHON 1.6.1 WILL NOT 199 INFRINGE ANY THIRD PARTY RIGHTS. 200 201 5. CNRI SHALL NOT BE LIABLE TO LICENSEE OR ANY OTHER USERS OF PYTHON 202 1.6.1 FOR ANY INCIDENTAL, SPECIAL, OR CONSEQUENTIAL DAMAGES OR LOSS AS 203 A RESULT OF MODIFYING, DISTRIBUTING, OR OTHERWISE USING PYTHON 1.6.1, 204 OR ANY DERIVATIVE THEREOF, EVEN IF ADVISED OF THE POSSIBILITY THEREOF. 205 206 6. This License Agreement will automatically terminate upon a material 207 breach of its terms and conditions. 208 209 7. This License Agreement shall be governed by the federal 210 intellectual property law of the United States, including without 211 limitation the federal copyright law, and, to the extent such 212 U.S. federal law does not apply, by the law of the Commonwealth of 213 Virginia, excluding Virginia's conflict of law provisions. 214 Notwithstanding the foregoing, with regard to derivative works based 215 on Python 1.6.1 that incorporate non-separable material that was 216 previously distributed under the GNU General Public License (GPL), the 217 law of the Commonwealth of Virginia shall govern this License 218 Agreement only as to issues arising under or with respect to 219 Paragraphs 4, 5, and 7 of this License Agreement. Nothing in this 220 License Agreement shall be deemed to create any relationship of 221 agency, partnership, or joint venture between CNRI and Licensee. This 222 License Agreement does not grant permission to use CNRI trademarks or 223 trade name in a trademark sense to endorse or promote products or 224 services of Licensee, or any third party. 225 226 8. By clicking on the "ACCEPT" button where indicated, or by copying, 227 installing or otherwise using Python 1.6.1, Licensee agrees to be 228 bound by the terms and conditions of this License Agreement. 229 230 ACCEPT 231 232 233 CWI LICENSE AGREEMENT FOR PYTHON 0.9.0 THROUGH 1.2 234 -------------------------------------------------- 235 236 Copyright (c) 1991 - 1995, Stichting Mathematisch Centrum Amsterdam, 237 The Netherlands. All rights reserved. 238 239 Permission to use, copy, modify, and distribute this software and its 240 documentation for any purpose and without fee is hereby granted, 241 provided that the above copyright notice appear in all copies and that 242 both that copyright notice and this permission notice appear in 243 supporting documentation, and that the name of Stichting Mathematisch 244 Centrum or CWI not be used in advertising or publicity pertaining to 245 distribution of the software without specific, written prior 246 permission. 247 248 STICHTING MATHEMATISCH CENTRUM DISCLAIMS ALL WARRANTIES WITH REGARD TO 249 THIS SOFTWARE, INCLUDING ALL IMPLIED WARRANTIES OF MERCHANTABILITY AND 250 FITNESS, IN NO EVENT SHALL STICHTING MATHEMATISCH CENTRUM BE LIABLE 251 FOR ANY SPECIAL, INDIRECT OR CONSEQUENTIAL DAMAGES OR ANY DAMAGES 252 WHATSOEVER RESULTING FROM LOSS OF USE, DATA OR PROFITS, WHETHER IN AN 253 ACTION OF CONTRACT, NEGLIGENCE OR OTHER TORTIOUS ACTION, ARISING OUT 254 OF OR IN CONNECTION WITH THE USE OR PERFORMANCE OF THIS SOFTWARE. 255
