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      1 /*
      2  * Check verbose decoding of perf_event_open syscall.
      3  *
      4  * Copyright (c) 2016 Eugene Syromyatnikov <evgsyr (at) gmail.com>
      5  * Copyright (c) 2016-2018 The strace developers.
      6  * All rights reserved.
      7  *
      8  * Redistribution and use in source and binary forms, with or without
      9  * modification, are permitted provided that the following conditions
     10  * are met:
     11  * 1. Redistributions of source code must retain the above copyright
     12  *    notice, this list of conditions and the following disclaimer.
     13  * 2. Redistributions in binary form must reproduce the above copyright
     14  *    notice, this list of conditions and the following disclaimer in the
     15  *    documentation and/or other materials provided with the distribution.
     16  * 3. The name of the author may not be used to endorse or promote products
     17  *    derived from this software without specific prior written permission.
     18  *
     19  * THIS SOFTWARE IS PROVIDED BY THE AUTHOR ``AS IS'' AND ANY EXPRESS OR
     20  * IMPLIED WARRANTIES, INCLUDING, BUT NOT LIMITED TO, THE IMPLIED WARRANTIES
     21  * OF MERCHANTABILITY AND FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE ARE DISCLAIMED.
     22  * IN NO EVENT SHALL THE AUTHOR BE LIABLE FOR ANY DIRECT, INDIRECT,
     23  * INCIDENTAL, SPECIAL, EXEMPLARY, OR CONSEQUENTIAL DAMAGES (INCLUDING, BUT
     24  * NOT LIMITED TO, PROCUREMENT OF SUBSTITUTE GOODS OR SERVICES; LOSS OF USE,
     25  * DATA, OR PROFITS; OR BUSINESS INTERRUPTION) HOWEVER CAUSED AND ON ANY
     26  * THEORY OF LIABILITY, WHETHER IN CONTRACT, STRICT LIABILITY, OR TORT
     27  * (INCLUDING NEGLIGENCE OR OTHERWISE) ARISING IN ANY WAY OUT OF THE USE OF
     28  * THIS SOFTWARE, EVEN IF ADVISED OF THE POSSIBILITY OF SUCH DAMAGE.
     29  */
     30 
     31 #include "tests.h"
     32 #include <asm/unistd.h>
     33 
     34 #if defined(__NR_perf_event_open) && defined(HAVE_LINUX_PERF_EVENT_H)
     35 
     36 # include <inttypes.h>
     37 # include <limits.h>
     38 # include <stddef.h>
     39 # include <stdio.h>
     40 # include <stdlib.h>
     41 # include <string.h>
     42 # include <unistd.h>
     43 
     44 # include <linux/perf_event.h>
     45 
     46 # include "xlat.h"
     47 # include "xlat/perf_event_open_flags.h"
     48 # include "xlat/perf_attr_size.h"
     49 
     50 # if ULONG_MAX > UINT_MAX /* Poor man's "whether long is 8 bytes?" */
     51 #  define LONG_STR_PREFIX "ffffffff"
     52 # else /* !(ULONG_MAX > UINT_MAX) */
     53 #  define LONG_STR_PREFIX ""
     54 # endif /* ULONG_MAX > UINT_MAX */
     55 
     56 # ifndef PERF_TYPE_BREAKPOINT
     57 #  define PERF_TYPE_BREAKPOINT 5
     58 # endif
     59 
     60 struct s32_val_str {
     61 	int32_t val;
     62 	const char *str;
     63 };
     64 
     65 struct u32_val_str {
     66 	uint32_t val;
     67 	const char *str;
     68 };
     69 
     70 struct u64_val_str {
     71 	uint64_t val;
     72 	const char *str;
     73 };
     74 
     75 /* In order to avoid endianness-specific hackery. */
     76 struct pea_flags {
     77 	uint64_t disabled			:1,
     78 		 inherit			:1,
     79 		 pinned				:1,
     80 		 exclusive			:1,
     81 		 exclude_user			:1,
     82 		 exclude_kernel			:1,
     83 		 exclude_hv			:1,
     84 		 exclude_idle			:1,
     85 		 mmap				:1,
     86 		 comm				:1,
     87 		 freq				:1,
     88 		 inherit_stat			:1,
     89 		 enable_on_exec			:1,
     90 		 task				:1,
     91 		 watermark			:1,
     92 		 precise_ip			:2,
     93 		 mmap_data			:1,
     94 		 sample_id_all			:1,
     95 		 exclude_host			:1,
     96 		 exclude_guest			:1,
     97 		 exclude_callchain_kernel	:1,
     98 		 exclude_callchain_user		:1,
     99 		 mmap2				:1,
    100 		 comm_exec			:1,
    101 		 use_clockid			:1,
    102 		 context_switch			:1,
    103 		 write_backward			:1,
    104 		 namespaces			:1,
    105 		 __reserved_1			:35;
    106 };
    107 
    108 static const char *
    109 printaddr(void *ptr)
    110 {
    111 	static char buf[sizeof("0x") + sizeof(void *) * 2];
    112 
    113 	if (ptr == NULL)
    114 		return "NULL";
    115 
    116 	snprintf(buf, sizeof(buf), "%#lx", (unsigned long)ptr);
    117 
    118 	return buf;
    119 }
    120 
    121 /*
    122  * Checklist:
    123  *
    124  * type - 8 IDs
    125  * config - 13 IDs (0..11 + random), depends on type
    126  * sample type - bitmask, up to 20 bits
    127  * read_format - 5 IDs
    128  * bp_type - 6, weird semantics (invalid/unknown)
    129  * branch_sample_type - bitmask, 16 bits
    130  * clockid - 13 values
    131  *
    132  * Unions:
    133  * sample_period/sample_freq
    134  * wakeup_event/wakeup_watermark
    135  * bp_addr/config1
    136  * bp_len/config2
    137  */
    138 
    139 /*
    140  * The main idea behind all those numerous ifdefs is checking against version of
    141  * structure provided in kernel headers and not use one defined in strace
    142  * headers (assume the case when suddenly we add flag without proper update of
    143  * __reserved_1 field or something like this).
    144  */
    145 static void
    146 print_event_attr(struct perf_event_attr *attr_ptr, size_t size,
    147 	const char *type, const char *config, const char *sample_type,
    148 	const char *read_format, const char *precise_ip_desc,
    149 	const char *bp_type, const char *branch_sample_type,
    150 	const char *clockid, uint32_t available_size)
    151 {
    152 	/*
    153 	 * Currently, strace supports version 5 of the structure, which is
    154 	 * 112 bytes in size.
    155 	 */
    156 	enum {
    157 		STRACE_PEA_ABBREV_SIZE =
    158 			offsetof(struct perf_event_attr, config) +
    159 			sizeof(attr_ptr->config),
    160 		STRACE_PEA_SIZE = 112,
    161 	};
    162 
    163 	uint32_t read_size;
    164 	struct perf_event_attr *attr;
    165 # if VERBOSE
    166 	uint32_t cutoff;
    167 	uint64_t val;
    168 	uint64_t use_clockid;
    169 	union {
    170 		struct pea_flags flags;
    171 		uint64_t raw;
    172 	} flags_data;
    173 # endif
    174 
    175 	read_size =
    176 # if !VERBOSE
    177 		STRACE_PEA_ABBREV_SIZE;
    178 # else
    179 		size < STRACE_PEA_SIZE ?
    180 			(size ? size : PERF_ATTR_SIZE_VER0) : STRACE_PEA_SIZE;
    181 # endif
    182 
    183 	if (read_size > available_size) {
    184 		printf("%s", printaddr(attr_ptr));
    185 		return;
    186 	}
    187 
    188 	/*
    189 	 * Replicate kernel's behaviour regarding copying structure from
    190 	 * userspace.
    191 	 */
    192 	attr = calloc(1, STRACE_PEA_SIZE);
    193 
    194 	if (!attr)
    195 		error_msg_and_fail("calloc");
    196 
    197 
    198 	memcpy(attr, attr_ptr, read_size);
    199 
    200 	if (size && (size < PERF_ATTR_SIZE_VER0)) {
    201 		printf("%s", printaddr(attr_ptr));
    202 		free(attr);
    203 		return;
    204 	}
    205 
    206 	printf("{type=%s, size=", type);
    207 	if (size != attr->size) {
    208 		printxval(perf_attr_size, size, "PERF_ATTR_SIZE_???");
    209 		printf(" => ");
    210 	}
    211 	printxval(perf_attr_size, attr->size, "PERF_ATTR_SIZE_???");
    212 	printf(", config=%s, ", config);
    213 
    214 	if (!size)
    215 		size = PERF_ATTR_SIZE_VER0;
    216 
    217 # if !VERBOSE
    218 	printf("...}");
    219 # else /* !VERBOSE */
    220 	printf("%s=%" PRI__u64", sample_type=%s, read_format=%s",
    221 	       attr->freq ? "sample_freq" : "sample_period",
    222 	       attr->freq ? attr->sample_freq : attr->sample_period,
    223 	       sample_type, read_format);
    224 
    225 	printf(", disabled=%u"
    226 	       ", inherit=%u"
    227 	       ", pinned=%u"
    228 	       ", exclusive=%u"
    229 	       ", exclusive_user=%u"
    230 	       ", exclude_kernel=%u"
    231 	       ", exclude_hv=%u"
    232 	       ", exclude_idle=%u"
    233 	       ", mmap=%u"
    234 	       ", comm=%u"
    235 	       ", freq=%u"
    236 	       ", inherit_stat=%u"
    237 	       ", enable_on_exec=%u"
    238 	       ", task=%u"
    239 	       ", watermark=%u",
    240 	       attr->disabled,
    241 	       attr->inherit,
    242 	       attr->pinned,
    243 	       attr->exclusive,
    244 	       attr->exclude_user,
    245 	       attr->exclude_kernel,
    246 	       attr->exclude_hv,
    247 	       attr->exclude_idle,
    248 	       attr->mmap,
    249 	       attr->comm,
    250 	       attr->freq,
    251 	       attr->inherit_stat,
    252 	       attr->enable_on_exec,
    253 	       attr->task,
    254 	       attr->watermark);
    255 
    256 	flags_data.raw = ((uint64_t *) attr)[5];
    257 
    258 	val =
    259 # ifdef HAVE_STRUCT_PERF_EVENT_ATTR_PRECISE_IP
    260 		attr->precise_ip;
    261 # else
    262 		flags_data.flags.precise_ip;
    263 # endif
    264 	printf(", precise_ip=%" PRIu64 " /* %s */", val, precise_ip_desc);
    265 
    266 	val =
    267 # ifdef HAVE_STRUCT_PERF_EVENT_ATTR_MMAP_DATA
    268 		attr->mmap_data;
    269 # else
    270 		flags_data.flags.mmap_data;
    271 # endif
    272 	printf(", mmap_data=%" PRIu64, val);
    273 
    274 	val =
    275 # ifdef HAVE_STRUCT_PERF_EVENT_ATTR_SAMPLE_ID_ALL
    276 		attr->sample_id_all;
    277 # else
    278 		flags_data.flags.sample_id_all;
    279 # endif
    280 	printf(", sample_id_all=%" PRIu64, val);
    281 
    282 	val =
    283 # ifdef HAVE_STRUCT_PERF_EVENT_ATTR_EXCLUDE_HOST
    284 		attr->exclude_host;
    285 # else
    286 		flags_data.flags.exclude_host;
    287 # endif
    288 	printf(", exclude_host=%" PRIu64, val);
    289 
    290 	val =
    291 # ifdef HAVE_STRUCT_PERF_EVENT_ATTR_EXCLUDE_GUEST
    292 		attr->exclude_guest;
    293 # else
    294 		flags_data.flags.exclude_guest;
    295 # endif
    296 	printf(", exclude_guest=%" PRIu64, val);
    297 
    298 	val =
    299 # ifdef HAVE_STRUCT_PERF_EVENT_ATTR_EXCLUDE_CALLCHAIN_KERNEL
    300 		attr->exclude_callchain_kernel;
    301 # else
    302 		flags_data.flags.exclude_callchain_kernel;
    303 # endif
    304 	printf(", exclude_callchain_kernel=%" PRIu64, val);
    305 
    306 	val =
    307 # ifdef HAVE_STRUCT_PERF_EVENT_ATTR_EXCLUDE_CALLCHAIN_USER
    308 		attr->exclude_callchain_user;
    309 # else
    310 		flags_data.flags.exclude_callchain_user;
    311 # endif
    312 	printf(", exclude_callchain_user=%" PRIu64, val);
    313 
    314 	val =
    315 # ifdef HAVE_STRUCT_PERF_EVENT_ATTR_MMAP2
    316 		attr->mmap2;
    317 # else
    318 		flags_data.flags.mmap2;
    319 # endif
    320 	printf(", mmap2=%" PRIu64, val);
    321 
    322 	val =
    323 # ifdef HAVE_STRUCT_PERF_EVENT_ATTR_COMM_EXEC
    324 		attr->comm_exec;
    325 # else
    326 		flags_data.flags.comm_exec;
    327 # endif
    328 	printf(", comm_exec=%" PRIu64, val);
    329 
    330 	use_clockid = val =
    331 # ifdef HAVE_STRUCT_PERF_EVENT_ATTR_USE_CLOCKID
    332 		attr->use_clockid;
    333 # else
    334 		flags_data.flags.use_clockid;
    335 # endif
    336 	printf(", use_clockid=%" PRIu64, val);
    337 
    338 	val =
    339 # ifdef HAVE_STRUCT_PERF_EVENT_ATTR_CONTEXT_SWITCH
    340 		attr->context_switch;
    341 # else
    342 		flags_data.flags.context_switch;
    343 # endif
    344 	printf(", context_switch=%" PRIu64, val);
    345 
    346 	val =
    347 # ifdef HAVE_STRUCT_PERF_EVENT_ATTR_WRITE_BACKWARD
    348 		attr->write_backward;
    349 # else
    350 		flags_data.flags.write_backward;
    351 # endif
    352 	printf(", write_backward=%" PRIu64, val);
    353 
    354 	val =
    355 # ifdef HAVE_STRUCT_PERF_EVENT_ATTR_NAMESPACES
    356 		attr->namespaces;
    357 # else
    358 		flags_data.flags.namespaces;
    359 # endif
    360 	printf(", namespaces=%" PRIu64, val);
    361 
    362 	val = flags_data.flags.__reserved_1;
    363 	if (val)
    364 		printf(", __reserved_1=%#" PRIx64 " /* Bits 63..29 */", val);
    365 
    366 	printf(", %s=%u",
    367 		attr->watermark ? "wakeup_watermark" : "wakeup_events",
    368 		attr->watermark ? attr->wakeup_watermark : attr->wakeup_events);
    369 
    370 	if (attr->type == PERF_TYPE_BREAKPOINT)
    371 		printf(", bp_type=%s", bp_type);
    372 
    373 	val =
    374 # ifdef HAVE_STRUCT_PERF_EVENT_ATTR_CONFIG1
    375 		attr->config1;
    376 # else
    377 		((uint64_t *) attr)[56 / sizeof(uint64_t)];
    378 # endif
    379 	printf(", %s=%#" PRIx64,
    380 	       attr->type == PERF_TYPE_BREAKPOINT ? "bp_addr" : "config1",
    381 	       val);
    382 
    383 	/* End of version 0 of the structure */
    384 	if (size <= 64) {
    385 		cutoff = 64;
    386 		goto end;
    387 	}
    388 
    389 	val =
    390 # ifdef HAVE_STRUCT_PERF_EVENT_ATTR_CONFIG2
    391 		attr->config2;
    392 # else
    393 		((uint64_t *) attr)[64 / sizeof(uint64_t)];
    394 # endif
    395 	if (attr->type == PERF_TYPE_BREAKPOINT)
    396 		printf(", bp_len=%" PRIu64, val);
    397 	else
    398 		printf(", config2=%#" PRIx64, val);
    399 
    400 	/* End of version 1 of the structure */
    401 	if (size <= 72) {
    402 		cutoff = 72;
    403 		goto end;
    404 	}
    405 
    406 	/*
    407 	 * Print branch sample type only in case  PERF_SAMPLE_BRANCH_STACK
    408 	 * is set in the sample_type field.
    409 	 */
    410 	if (attr->sample_type & (1 << 11))
    411 		printf(", branch_sample_type=%s", branch_sample_type);
    412 
    413 	/* End of version 2 of the structure */
    414 	if (size <= 80) {
    415 		cutoff = 80;
    416 		goto end;
    417 	}
    418 
    419 	val =
    420 # ifdef HAVE_STRUCT_PERF_EVENT_ATTR_SAMPLE_REGS_USER
    421 		attr->sample_regs_user;
    422 # else
    423 		((uint64_t *) attr)[80 / sizeof(uint64_t)];
    424 # endif
    425 	printf(", sample_regs_user=%#" PRIx64, val);
    426 
    427 	if (size <= 88) {
    428 		cutoff = 88;
    429 		goto end;
    430 	}
    431 
    432 	val =
    433 # ifdef HAVE_STRUCT_PERF_EVENT_ATTR_SAMPLE_STACK_USER
    434 		attr->sample_stack_user;
    435 # else
    436 		((uint32_t *) attr)[88 / sizeof(uint32_t)];
    437 # endif
    438 	/*
    439 	 * Print branch sample type only in case PERF_SAMPLE_STACK_USER
    440 	 * is set in the sample_type field.
    441 	 */
    442 	if (attr->sample_type & (1 << 13))
    443 		printf(", sample_stack_user=%#" PRIx32, (uint32_t) val);
    444 
    445 	if (size <= 92) {
    446 		cutoff = 92;
    447 		goto end;
    448 	}
    449 
    450 	if (use_clockid)
    451 		printf(", clockid=%s", clockid);
    452 
    453 	/* End of version 3 of the structure */
    454 	if (size <= 96) {
    455 		cutoff = 96;
    456 		goto end;
    457 	}
    458 
    459 	val =
    460 # ifdef HAVE_STRUCT_PERF_EVENT_ATTR_SAMPLE_REGS_INTR
    461 		attr->sample_regs_intr;
    462 # else
    463 		((uint64_t *) attr)[96 / sizeof(uint64_t)];
    464 # endif
    465 	printf(", sample_regs_intr=%#" PRIx64, val);
    466 
    467 	/* End of version 4 of the structure */
    468 	if (size <= 104) {
    469 		cutoff = 104;
    470 		goto end;
    471 	}
    472 
    473 	val =
    474 # ifdef HAVE_STRUCT_PERF_EVENT_ATTR_AUX_WATERMARK
    475 		attr->aux_watermark;
    476 # else
    477 		((uint32_t *) attr)[104 / sizeof(uint32_t)];
    478 # endif
    479 	printf(", aux_watermark=%" PRIu32, (uint32_t) val);
    480 
    481 	if (size <= 108) {
    482 		cutoff = 108;
    483 		goto end;
    484 	}
    485 
    486 	val =
    487 # ifdef HAVE_STRUCT_PERF_EVENT_ATTR_SAMPLE_MAX_STACK
    488 		attr->sample_max_stack;
    489 # else
    490 		((uint16_t *) attr)[108 / sizeof(uint16_t)];
    491 # endif
    492 	printf(", sample_max_stack=%" PRIu16, (uint16_t) val);
    493 
    494 	if (size <= 110) {
    495 		cutoff = 110;
    496 		goto end;
    497 	}
    498 
    499 	cutoff = STRACE_PEA_SIZE;
    500 
    501 end:
    502 	if (size > cutoff)
    503 		printf(", ...");
    504 
    505 	printf("}");
    506 # endif /* !VERBOSE */
    507 
    508 	free(attr);
    509 }
    510 
    511 /* These require aligned access, so no byte-grain checks possible */
    512 # if defined SPARC || defined SPARC64 || defined POWERPC || defined POWERPC64
    513 #  define ATTR_REC(sz) { tail_alloc((sz + 7) & ~7), sz }
    514 # else
    515 #  define ATTR_REC(sz) { tail_alloc(sz), sz }
    516 # endif
    517 
    518 # define BRANCH_TYPE_ALL \
    519 	"PERF_SAMPLE_BRANCH_USER|" \
    520 	"PERF_SAMPLE_BRANCH_KERNEL|" \
    521 	"PERF_SAMPLE_BRANCH_HV|" \
    522 	"PERF_SAMPLE_BRANCH_ANY|" \
    523 	"PERF_SAMPLE_BRANCH_ANY_CALL|" \
    524 	"PERF_SAMPLE_BRANCH_ANY_RETURN|" \
    525 	"PERF_SAMPLE_BRANCH_IND_CALL|" \
    526 	"PERF_SAMPLE_BRANCH_ABORT_TX|" \
    527 	"PERF_SAMPLE_BRANCH_IN_TX|" \
    528 	"PERF_SAMPLE_BRANCH_NO_TX|" \
    529 	"PERF_SAMPLE_BRANCH_COND|" \
    530 	"PERF_SAMPLE_BRANCH_CALL_STACK|" \
    531 	"PERF_SAMPLE_BRANCH_IND_JUMP|" \
    532 	"PERF_SAMPLE_BRANCH_CALL|" \
    533 	"PERF_SAMPLE_BRANCH_NO_FLAGS|" \
    534 	"PERF_SAMPLE_BRANCH_NO_CYCLES|" \
    535 	"PERF_SAMPLE_BRANCH_TYPE_SAVE"
    536 
    537 int
    538 main(void)
    539 {
    540 	static const size_t attr_small_size = PERF_ATTR_SIZE_VER0 - 8;
    541 	static const size_t attr_v0_size = PERF_ATTR_SIZE_VER0;
    542 	static const size_t attr_v1_size = PERF_ATTR_SIZE_VER1;
    543 	static const size_t attr_v2_size = PERF_ATTR_SIZE_VER2;
    544 	static const size_t attr_v2_5_size = PERF_ATTR_SIZE_VER2 + 8;
    545 	static const size_t attr_v2_75_size = PERF_ATTR_SIZE_VER2 + 12;
    546 	static const size_t attr_v3_size = PERF_ATTR_SIZE_VER3;
    547 	static const size_t attr_v4_size = PERF_ATTR_SIZE_VER4;
    548 	static const size_t attr_v4_5_size = PERF_ATTR_SIZE_VER4 + 4;
    549 	static const size_t attr_v4_625_size = PERF_ATTR_SIZE_VER4 + 5;
    550 	static const size_t attr_v4_875_size = PERF_ATTR_SIZE_VER4 + 7;
    551 	static const size_t attr_v5_size = PERF_ATTR_SIZE_VER5;
    552 	static const size_t attr_big_size = PERF_ATTR_SIZE_VER5 + 32;
    553 
    554 	static const struct u64_val_str attr_types[] = {
    555 		{ ARG_STR(PERF_TYPE_HARDWARE) },
    556 		{ ARG_STR(PERF_TYPE_SOFTWARE) },
    557 		{ ARG_STR(PERF_TYPE_TRACEPOINT) },
    558 		{ ARG_STR(PERF_TYPE_HW_CACHE) },
    559 		{ ARG_STR(PERF_TYPE_RAW) },
    560 		{ ARG_STR(PERF_TYPE_BREAKPOINT) },
    561 		{ ARG_STR(0x6) " /* PERF_TYPE_??? */" },
    562 		{ ARG_STR(0xdeadc0de) " /* PERF_TYPE_??? */" },
    563 	};
    564 	static const struct u64_val_str
    565 	    attr_configs[ARRAY_SIZE(attr_types)][3] = {
    566 		/* PERF_TYPE_HARDWARE */ {
    567 			{ 9, "PERF_COUNT_HW_REF_CPU_CYCLES" },
    568 			{ 10, "0xa /* PERF_COUNT_HW_??? */" },
    569 			{ ARG_ULL_STR(0xfaceca75deadb0d4)
    570 				" /* PERF_COUNT_HW_??? */" },
    571 		},
    572 		/* PERF_TYPE_SOFTWARE */ {
    573 			{ 10, "PERF_COUNT_SW_BPF_OUTPUT" },
    574 			{ 11, "0xb /* PERF_COUNT_SW_??? */" },
    575 			{ ARG_ULL_STR(0xdec0ded1dec0ded2)
    576 				" /* PERF_COUNT_SW_??? */" },
    577 		},
    578 		/* PERF_TYPE_TRACEPOINT */ {
    579 			{ ARG_STR(0) },
    580 			{ 4207856245U, "4207856245" },
    581 			{ ARG_ULL_STR(16051074073505095380) },
    582 		},
    583 		/* PERF_TYPE_HW_CACHE */ {
    584 			{ 0, "PERF_COUNT_HW_CACHE_L1D|"
    585 				"PERF_COUNT_HW_CACHE_OP_READ<<8|"
    586 				"PERF_COUNT_HW_CACHE_RESULT_ACCESS<<16" },
    587 			{ 0x020207, "0x7 /* PERF_COUNT_HW_CACHE_??? */|"
    588 				"PERF_COUNT_HW_CACHE_OP_PREFETCH<<8|"
    589 				"0x2 /* PERF_COUNT_HW_CACHE_RESULT_??? */<<16" },
    590 			{ 0xdeadf157ed010306ULL, "PERF_COUNT_HW_CACHE_NODE|"
    591 				"0x3 /* PERF_COUNT_HW_CACHE_OP_??? */<<8|"
    592 				"PERF_COUNT_HW_CACHE_RESULT_MISS<<16|"
    593 				"0xdeadf157ed<<24 "
    594 				"/* PERF_COUNT_HW_CACHE_??? */" },
    595 		},
    596 		/* PERF_TYPE_RAW */ {
    597 			{ ARG_STR(0) },
    598 			{ ARG_STR(0xda7a1057) },
    599 			{ ARG_ULL_STR(0xdec0ded7dec0ded8) },
    600 		},
    601 		/* PERF_TYPE_BREAKPOINT */ {
    602 			{ ARG_STR(0) },
    603 			{ ARG_STR(0xbadc0ded) },
    604 			{ ARG_ULL_STR(0xdec0ded9dec0deda) },
    605 		},
    606 		/* invalid 1 */ {
    607 			{ ARG_STR(0) },
    608 			{ ARG_STR(0xbeeff00d) },
    609 			{ ARG_ULL_STR(0xdec0dedbdec0dedc) },
    610 		},
    611 		/* invalid 2 */ {
    612 			{ ARG_STR(0) },
    613 			{ ARG_STR(0xca75dead) },
    614 			{ ARG_ULL_STR(0xdec0dedddec0dede) },
    615 		},
    616 	};
    617 	static const struct u64_val_str sample_types[] = {
    618 		{ ARG_STR(0) },
    619 		{ 0x800, "PERF_SAMPLE_BRANCH_STACK" },
    620 		{ ARG_ULL_STR(0xdeadc0deda700000) " /* PERF_SAMPLE_??? */" },
    621 		{ 0xffffffffffffffffULL,
    622 			"PERF_SAMPLE_IP|PERF_SAMPLE_TID|PERF_SAMPLE_TIME|"
    623 			"PERF_SAMPLE_ADDR|PERF_SAMPLE_READ|"
    624 			"PERF_SAMPLE_CALLCHAIN|PERF_SAMPLE_ID|PERF_SAMPLE_CPU|"
    625 			"PERF_SAMPLE_PERIOD|PERF_SAMPLE_STREAM_ID|"
    626 			"PERF_SAMPLE_RAW|PERF_SAMPLE_BRANCH_STACK|"
    627 			"PERF_SAMPLE_REGS_USER|PERF_SAMPLE_STACK_USER|"
    628 			"PERF_SAMPLE_WEIGHT|PERF_SAMPLE_DATA_SRC|"
    629 			"PERF_SAMPLE_IDENTIFIER|PERF_SAMPLE_TRANSACTION|"
    630 			"PERF_SAMPLE_REGS_INTR|PERF_SAMPLE_PHYS_ADDR|"
    631 			"0xfffffffffff00000" },
    632 	};
    633 	static const struct u64_val_str read_formats[] = {
    634 		{ ARG_STR(0) },
    635 		{ ARG_STR(PERF_FORMAT_TOTAL_TIME_ENABLED) },
    636 		{ 0xf, "PERF_FORMAT_TOTAL_TIME_ENABLED|"
    637 			"PERF_FORMAT_TOTAL_TIME_RUNNING|"
    638 			"PERF_FORMAT_ID|PERF_FORMAT_GROUP" },
    639 		{ ARG_ULL_STR(0xdeadf157dec0ded0) " /* PERF_FORMAT_??? */" },
    640 		{ 0xffffffffffffffffULL,
    641 			"PERF_FORMAT_TOTAL_TIME_ENABLED|"
    642 			"PERF_FORMAT_TOTAL_TIME_RUNNING|"
    643 			"PERF_FORMAT_ID|PERF_FORMAT_GROUP|"
    644 			"0xfffffffffffffff0" },
    645 	};
    646 	static const char *precise_ip_descs[] = {
    647 		"arbitrary skid",
    648 		"constant skid",
    649 		"requested to have 0 skid",
    650 		"must have 0 skid",
    651 	};
    652 	static const struct u32_val_str bp_types[] = {
    653 		{ 0, "HW_BREAKPOINT_EMPTY" },
    654 		{ 1, "HW_BREAKPOINT_R" },
    655 		{ 3, "HW_BREAKPOINT_RW" },
    656 		{ 5, "0x5 /* HW_BREAKPOINT_INVALID */" },
    657 		{ 8, "0x8 /* HW_BREAKPOINT_??? */" },
    658 		{ ARG_STR(0xface1e55) " /* HW_BREAKPOINT_??? */" },
    659 	};
    660 	static const struct u64_val_str branch_sample_types[] = {
    661 		{ ARG_STR(0) },
    662 		{ 0x80, "PERF_SAMPLE_BRANCH_ABORT_TX" },
    663 		{ 0x1ffff, BRANCH_TYPE_ALL },
    664 		{ ARG_ULL_STR(0xdeadcaffeeec0000)
    665 			" /* PERF_SAMPLE_BRANCH_??? */" },
    666 		{ 0xffffffffffffffffULL,
    667 			BRANCH_TYPE_ALL "|0xfffffffffffe0000" }
    668 	};
    669 	static const struct s32_val_str clockids[] = {
    670 		{ 11, "CLOCK_TAI" },
    671 		{ ARG_STR(0xc) " /* CLOCK_??? */" },
    672 		{ ARG_STR(0xbeeffeed) " /* CLOCK_??? */" },
    673 	};
    674 
    675 
    676 	struct {
    677 		struct perf_event_attr *ptr;
    678 		size_t size;
    679 	} attrs[] = {
    680 		ATTR_REC(sizeof(struct perf_event_attr)),
    681 		ATTR_REC(attr_v0_size),
    682 		ATTR_REC(attr_v1_size),
    683 		ATTR_REC(attr_v2_size),
    684 		ATTR_REC(attr_v2_5_size),
    685 		ATTR_REC(attr_v2_75_size),
    686 		ATTR_REC(attr_v3_size),
    687 		ATTR_REC(attr_v4_size),
    688 		ATTR_REC(attr_v4_5_size),
    689 		ATTR_REC(attr_v4_625_size),
    690 		ATTR_REC(attr_v4_875_size),
    691 		ATTR_REC(attr_v5_size),
    692 		ATTR_REC(attr_big_size),
    693 	};
    694 
    695 	TAIL_ALLOC_OBJECT_CONST_PTR(struct perf_event_attr, small_attr);
    696 
    697 	struct {
    698 		struct perf_event_attr *attr;
    699 		pid_t pid;
    700 		int cpu;
    701 		int group_fd;
    702 		unsigned long flags;
    703 		const char *flags_str;
    704 	} args[] = {
    705 		{ NULL,           0xfacef00d, 0xbadabba7, -1,
    706 			(unsigned long) 0xFFFFFFFFFFFFFFFFLLU,
    707 			"PERF_FLAG_FD_NO_GROUP|PERF_FLAG_FD_OUTPUT|"
    708 			"PERF_FLAG_PID_CGROUP|PERF_FLAG_FD_CLOEXEC|"
    709 			"0x" LONG_STR_PREFIX "fffffff0"
    710 			},
    711 		{ small_attr + 1, 0,          0,          0,
    712 			0, "0" },
    713 		{ small_attr,     -1,         -1,         1,
    714 			PERF_FLAG_FD_NO_GROUP | PERF_FLAG_FD_OUTPUT |
    715 			PERF_FLAG_PID_CGROUP | PERF_FLAG_FD_CLOEXEC,
    716 			"PERF_FLAG_FD_NO_GROUP|PERF_FLAG_FD_OUTPUT|"
    717 			"PERF_FLAG_PID_CGROUP|PERF_FLAG_FD_CLOEXEC" },
    718 		{ (struct perf_event_attr *) (uintptr_t) 0xfffffacefffffeedULL,
    719 			          -100,       100,        0xface1e55,
    720 			PERF_FLAG_FD_CLOEXEC, "PERF_FLAG_FD_CLOEXEC" },
    721 	};
    722 
    723 	size_t i;
    724 	int rc;
    725 
    726 	fill_memory(small_attr, sizeof(*small_attr));
    727 	small_attr->size = attr_small_size;
    728 
    729 	for (i = 0; i < ARRAY_SIZE(args); i++) {
    730 		rc = syscall(__NR_perf_event_open, args[i].attr, args[i].pid,
    731 			     args[i].cpu, args[i].group_fd, args[i].flags);
    732 		printf("perf_event_open(%s, %d, %d, %d, %s) = %s\n",
    733 		       printaddr(args[i].attr), args[i].pid, args[i].cpu,
    734 		       args[i].group_fd, args[i].flags_str, sprintrc(rc));
    735 	}
    736 
    737 	for (i = 0; i < ARRAY_SIZE(attrs) * ARRAY_SIZE(attr_types) *
    738 	    ARRAY_SIZE(attr_configs[0]) + 1; i++) {
    739 		struct perf_event_attr *attr = attrs[i % ARRAY_SIZE(attrs)].ptr;
    740 		uint32_t size = attrs[i % ARRAY_SIZE(attrs)].size;
    741 		unsigned char fill_start = 0x80 + i;
    742 		size_t type_idx = i % ARRAY_SIZE(attr_types);
    743 		size_t config_idx = i % ARRAY_SIZE(attr_configs[0]);
    744 		size_t sample_type_idx = i % ARRAY_SIZE(sample_types);
    745 		size_t read_format_idx = i % ARRAY_SIZE(read_formats);
    746 		size_t bp_type_idx = (i / ARRAY_SIZE(attr_configs[0])) %
    747 			ARRAY_SIZE(bp_types);
    748 		size_t branch_sample_type_idx = (i / ARRAY_SIZE(sample_types)) %
    749 			ARRAY_SIZE(branch_sample_types);
    750 		size_t clockid_idx = i % ARRAY_SIZE(clockids);
    751 		size_t args_idx = i % ARRAY_SIZE(args);
    752 		const char *ip_desc_str;
    753 
    754 		fill_memory_ex(attr, size, fill_start, 0xff);
    755 
    756 		attr->type = attr_types[type_idx].val;
    757 		attr->size = size;
    758 		attr->config = attr_configs[type_idx][config_idx].val;
    759 		attr->sample_type = sample_types[sample_type_idx].val;
    760 		attr->read_format = read_formats[read_format_idx].val;
    761 
    762 		if ((i % 11) == 5)
    763 			attr->__reserved_1 = 0;
    764 
    765 # ifdef HAVE_STRUCT_PERF_EVENT_ATTR_BP_TYPE
    766 		attr->bp_type =
    767 # else
    768 		((uint32_t *) attr)[52 / sizeof(uint32_t)] =
    769 # endif
    770 			bp_types[bp_type_idx].val;
    771 
    772 		if (size >= 80)
    773 # ifdef HAVE_STRUCT_PERF_EVENT_ATTR_BRANCH_SAMPLE_TYPE
    774 			attr->branch_sample_type =
    775 # else
    776 			((uint64_t *) attr)[72 / sizeof(uint64_t)] =
    777 # endif
    778 				branch_sample_types[branch_sample_type_idx].val;
    779 
    780 		if (size >= 96)
    781 # ifdef HAVE_STRUCT_PERF_EVENT_ATTR_CLOCKID
    782 			attr->clockid =
    783 # else
    784 			((uint32_t *) attr)[92 / sizeof(uint32_t)] =
    785 # endif
    786 				clockids[clockid_idx].val;
    787 
    788 # ifdef HAVE_STRUCT_PERF_EVENT_ATTR_PRECISE_IP
    789 		ip_desc_str = precise_ip_descs[attr->precise_ip];
    790 # else
    791 		union {
    792 			struct pea_flags flags;
    793 			uint64_t raw;
    794 		} flags_data = { .raw = ((uint64_t *) attr)[5] };
    795 
    796 		ip_desc_str = precise_ip_descs[flags_data.flags.precise_ip];
    797 # endif
    798 
    799 		if (i == 0)
    800 			attr->size = size + 8;
    801 
    802 		if (i == 1)
    803 			attr->size = 0;
    804 
    805 		rc = syscall(__NR_perf_event_open, attr, args[args_idx].pid,
    806 			     args[args_idx].cpu, args[args_idx].group_fd,
    807 			     args[args_idx].flags);
    808 
    809 		printf("perf_event_open(");
    810 		print_event_attr(attr, i ? ((i == 1) ? 0 : size) : size + 8,
    811 				 attr_types[type_idx].str,
    812 				 attr_configs[type_idx][config_idx].str,
    813 				 sample_types[sample_type_idx].str,
    814 				 read_formats[read_format_idx].str,
    815 				 ip_desc_str,
    816 				 bp_types[bp_type_idx].str,
    817 				 branch_sample_types[branch_sample_type_idx].str,
    818 				 clockids[clockid_idx].str, size);
    819 		printf(", %d, %d, %d, %s) = %s\n", args[args_idx].pid,
    820 		       args[args_idx].cpu, args[args_idx].group_fd,
    821 		       args[args_idx].flags_str, sprintrc(rc));
    822 	}
    823 
    824 	puts("+++ exited with 0 +++");
    825 	return 0;
    826 }
    827 
    828 #else
    829 
    830 SKIP_MAIN_UNDEFINED("__NR_perf_event_open && HAVE_LINUX_PERF_EVENT_H");
    831 
    832 #endif
    833