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      1 //=== WebAssemblyLowerEmscriptenEHSjLj.cpp - Lower exceptions for Emscripten =//
      2 //
      3 //                     The LLVM Compiler Infrastructure
      4 //
      5 // This file is distributed under the University of Illinois Open Source
      6 // License. See LICENSE.TXT for details.
      7 //
      8 //===----------------------------------------------------------------------===//
      9 ///
     10 /// \file
     11 /// This file lowers exception-related instructions and setjmp/longjmp
     12 /// function calls in order to use Emscripten's JavaScript try and catch
     13 /// mechanism.
     14 ///
     15 /// To handle exceptions and setjmp/longjmps, this scheme relies on JavaScript's
     16 /// try and catch syntax and relevant exception-related libraries implemented
     17 /// in JavaScript glue code that will be produced by Emscripten. This is similar
     18 /// to the current Emscripten asm.js exception handling in fastcomp. For
     19 /// fastcomp's EH / SjLj scheme, see these files in fastcomp LLVM branch:
     20 /// (Location: https://github.com/kripken/emscripten-fastcomp)
     21 /// lib/Target/JSBackend/NaCl/LowerEmExceptionsPass.cpp
     22 /// lib/Target/JSBackend/NaCl/LowerEmSetjmp.cpp
     23 /// lib/Target/JSBackend/JSBackend.cpp
     24 /// lib/Target/JSBackend/CallHandlers.h
     25 ///
     26 /// * Exception handling
     27 /// This pass lowers invokes and landingpads into library functions in JS glue
     28 /// code. Invokes are lowered into function wrappers called invoke wrappers that
     29 /// exist in JS side, which wraps the original function call with JS try-catch.
     30 /// If an exception occurred, cxa_throw() function in JS side sets some
     31 /// variables (see below) so we can check whether an exception occurred from
     32 /// wasm code and handle it appropriately.
     33 ///
     34 /// * Setjmp-longjmp handling
     35 /// This pass lowers setjmp to a reasonably-performant approach for emscripten.
     36 /// The idea is that each block with a setjmp is broken up into two parts: the
     37 /// part containing setjmp and the part right after the setjmp. The latter part
     38 /// is either reached from the setjmp, or later from a longjmp. To handle the
     39 /// longjmp, all calls that might longjmp are also called using invoke wrappers
     40 /// and thus JS / try-catch. JS longjmp() function also sets some variables so
     41 /// we can check / whether a longjmp occurred from wasm code. Each block with a
     42 /// function call that might longjmp is also split up after the longjmp call.
     43 /// After the longjmp call, we check whether a longjmp occurred, and if it did,
     44 /// which setjmp it corresponds to, and jump to the right post-setjmp block.
     45 /// We assume setjmp-longjmp handling always run after EH handling, which means
     46 /// we don't expect any exception-related instructions when SjLj runs.
     47 /// FIXME Currently this scheme does not support indirect call of setjmp,
     48 /// because of the limitation of the scheme itself. fastcomp does not support it
     49 /// either.
     50 ///
     51 /// In detail, this pass does following things:
     52 ///
     53 /// 1) Create three global variables: __THREW__, __threwValue, and __tempRet0.
     54 ///    __tempRet0 will be set within __cxa_find_matching_catch() function in
     55 ///    JS library, and __THREW__ and __threwValue will be set in invoke wrappers
     56 ///    in JS glue code. For what invoke wrappers are, refer to 3). These
     57 ///    variables are used for both exceptions and setjmp/longjmps.
     58 ///    __THREW__ indicates whether an exception or a longjmp occurred or not. 0
     59 ///    means nothing occurred, 1 means an exception occurred, and other numbers
     60 ///    mean a longjmp occurred. In the case of longjmp, __threwValue variable
     61 ///    indicates the corresponding setjmp buffer the longjmp corresponds to.
     62 ///    In exception handling, __tempRet0 indicates the type of an exception
     63 ///    caught, and in setjmp/longjmp, it means the second argument to longjmp
     64 ///    function.
     65 ///
     66 /// * Exception handling
     67 ///
     68 /// 2) Create setThrew and setTempRet0 functions.
     69 ///    The global variables created in 1) will exist in wasm address space,
     70 ///    but their values should be set in JS code, so we provide these functions
     71 ///    as interfaces to JS glue code. These functions are equivalent to the
     72 ///    following JS functions, which actually exist in asm.js version of JS
     73 ///    library.
     74 ///
     75 ///    function setThrew(threw, value) {
     76 ///      if (__THREW__ == 0) {
     77 ///        __THREW__ = threw;
     78 ///        __threwValue = value;
     79 ///      }
     80 ///    }
     81 ///
     82 ///    function setTempRet0(value) {
     83 ///      __tempRet0 = value;
     84 ///    }
     85 ///
     86 /// 3) Lower
     87 ///      invoke @func(arg1, arg2) to label %invoke.cont unwind label %lpad
     88 ///    into
     89 ///      __THREW__ = 0;
     90 ///      call @__invoke_SIG(func, arg1, arg2)
     91 ///      %__THREW__.val = __THREW__;
     92 ///      __THREW__ = 0;
     93 ///      if (%__THREW__.val == 1)
     94 ///        goto %lpad
     95 ///      else
     96 ///         goto %invoke.cont
     97 ///    SIG is a mangled string generated based on the LLVM IR-level function
     98 ///    signature. After LLVM IR types are lowered to the target wasm types,
     99 ///    the names for these wrappers will change based on wasm types as well,
    100 ///    as in invoke_vi (function takes an int and returns void). The bodies of
    101 ///    these wrappers will be generated in JS glue code, and inside those
    102 ///    wrappers we use JS try-catch to generate actual exception effects. It
    103 ///    also calls the original callee function. An example wrapper in JS code
    104 ///    would look like this:
    105 ///      function invoke_vi(index,a1) {
    106 ///        try {
    107 ///          Module["dynCall_vi"](index,a1); // This calls original callee
    108 ///        } catch(e) {
    109 ///          if (typeof e !== 'number' && e !== 'longjmp') throw e;
    110 ///          asm["setThrew"](1, 0); // setThrew is called here
    111 ///        }
    112 ///      }
    113 ///    If an exception is thrown, __THREW__ will be set to true in a wrapper,
    114 ///    so we can jump to the right BB based on this value.
    115 ///
    116 /// 4) Lower
    117 ///      %val = landingpad catch c1 catch c2 catch c3 ...
    118 ///      ... use %val ...
    119 ///    into
    120 ///      %fmc = call @__cxa_find_matching_catch_N(c1, c2, c3, ...)
    121 ///      %val = {%fmc, __tempRet0}
    122 ///      ... use %val ...
    123 ///    Here N is a number calculated based on the number of clauses.
    124 ///    Global variable __tempRet0 is set within __cxa_find_matching_catch() in
    125 ///    JS glue code.
    126 ///
    127 /// 5) Lower
    128 ///      resume {%a, %b}
    129 ///    into
    130 ///      call @__resumeException(%a)
    131 ///    where __resumeException() is a function in JS glue code.
    132 ///
    133 /// 6) Lower
    134 ///      call @llvm.eh.typeid.for(type) (intrinsic)
    135 ///    into
    136 ///      call @llvm_eh_typeid_for(type)
    137 ///    llvm_eh_typeid_for function will be generated in JS glue code.
    138 ///
    139 /// * Setjmp / Longjmp handling
    140 ///
    141 /// 7) In the function entry that calls setjmp, initialize setjmpTable and
    142 ///    sejmpTableSize as follows:
    143 ///      setjmpTableSize = 4;
    144 ///      setjmpTable = (int *) malloc(40);
    145 ///      setjmpTable[0] = 0;
    146 ///    setjmpTable and setjmpTableSize are used in saveSetjmp() function in JS
    147 ///    code.
    148 ///
    149 /// 8) Lower
    150 ///      setjmp(buf)
    151 ///    into
    152 ///      setjmpTable = saveSetjmp(buf, label, setjmpTable, setjmpTableSize);
    153 ///      setjmpTableSize = __tempRet0;
    154 ///    For each dynamic setjmp call, setjmpTable stores its ID (a number which
    155 ///    is incrementally assigned from 0) and its label (a unique number that
    156 ///    represents each callsite of setjmp). When we need more entries in
    157 ///    setjmpTable, it is reallocated in saveSetjmp() in JS code and it will
    158 ///    return the new table address, and assign the new table size in
    159 ///    __tempRet0. saveSetjmp also stores the setjmp's ID into the buffer buf.
    160 ///    A BB with setjmp is split into two after setjmp call in order to make the
    161 ///    post-setjmp BB the possible destination of longjmp BB.
    162 ///
    163 /// 9) Lower
    164 ///      longjmp(buf, value)
    165 ///    into
    166 ///      emscripten_longjmp_jmpbuf(buf, value)
    167 ///    emscripten_longjmp_jmpbuf will be lowered to emscripten_longjmp later.
    168 ///
    169 /// 10) Lower every call that might longjmp into
    170 ///      __THREW__ = 0;
    171 ///      call @__invoke_SIG(func, arg1, arg2)
    172 ///      %__THREW__.val = __THREW__;
    173 ///      __THREW__ = 0;
    174 ///      if (%__THREW__.val != 0 & __threwValue != 0) {
    175 ///        %label = testSetjmp(mem[%__THREW__.val], setjmpTable,
    176 ///                            setjmpTableSize);
    177 ///        if (%label == 0)
    178 ///          emscripten_longjmp(%__THREW__.val, __threwValue);
    179 ///        __tempRet0 = __threwValue;
    180 ///      } else {
    181 ///        %label = -1;
    182 ///      }
    183 ///      longjmp_result = __tempRet0;
    184 ///      switch label {
    185 ///        label 1: goto post-setjmp BB 1
    186 ///        label 2: goto post-setjmp BB 2
    187 ///        ...
    188 ///        default: goto splitted next BB
    189 ///      }
    190 ///     testSetjmp examines setjmpTable to see if there is a matching setjmp
    191 ///     call. After calling an invoke wrapper, if a longjmp occurred, __THREW__
    192 ///     will be the address of matching jmp_buf buffer and __threwValue be the
    193 ///     second argument to longjmp. mem[__THREW__.val] is a setjmp ID that is
    194 ///     stored in saveSetjmp. testSetjmp returns a setjmp label, a unique ID to
    195 ///     each setjmp callsite. Label 0 means this longjmp buffer does not
    196 ///     correspond to one of the setjmp callsites in this function, so in this
    197 ///     case we just chain the longjmp to the caller. (Here we call
    198 ///     emscripten_longjmp, which is different from emscripten_longjmp_jmpbuf.
    199 ///     emscripten_longjmp_jmpbuf takes jmp_buf as its first argument, while
    200 ///     emscripten_longjmp takes an int. Both of them will eventually be lowered
    201 ///     to emscripten_longjmp in s2wasm, but here we need two signatures - we
    202 ///     can't translate an int value to a jmp_buf.)
    203 ///     Label -1 means no longjmp occurred. Otherwise we jump to the right
    204 ///     post-setjmp BB based on the label.
    205 ///
    206 ///===----------------------------------------------------------------------===//
    207 
    208 #include "WebAssembly.h"
    209 #include "llvm/IR/CallSite.h"
    210 #include "llvm/IR/Dominators.h"
    211 #include "llvm/IR/IRBuilder.h"
    212 #include "llvm/Transforms/Utils/BasicBlockUtils.h"
    213 #include "llvm/Transforms/Utils/SSAUpdater.h"
    214 
    215 using namespace llvm;
    216 
    217 #define DEBUG_TYPE "wasm-lower-em-ehsjlj"
    218 
    219 static cl::list<std::string>
    220     EHWhitelist("emscripten-cxx-exceptions-whitelist",
    221                 cl::desc("The list of function names in which Emscripten-style "
    222                          "exception handling is enabled (see emscripten "
    223                          "EMSCRIPTEN_CATCHING_WHITELIST options)"),
    224                 cl::CommaSeparated);
    225 
    226 namespace {
    227 class WebAssemblyLowerEmscriptenEHSjLj final : public ModulePass {
    228   static const char *ResumeFName;
    229   static const char *EHTypeIDFName;
    230   static const char *EmLongjmpFName;
    231   static const char *EmLongjmpJmpbufFName;
    232   static const char *SaveSetjmpFName;
    233   static const char *TestSetjmpFName;
    234   static const char *FindMatchingCatchPrefix;
    235   static const char *InvokePrefix;
    236 
    237   bool EnableEH;   // Enable exception handling
    238   bool EnableSjLj; // Enable setjmp/longjmp handling
    239 
    240   GlobalVariable *ThrewGV;
    241   GlobalVariable *ThrewValueGV;
    242   GlobalVariable *TempRet0GV;
    243   Function *ResumeF;
    244   Function *EHTypeIDF;
    245   Function *EmLongjmpF;
    246   Function *EmLongjmpJmpbufF;
    247   Function *SaveSetjmpF;
    248   Function *TestSetjmpF;
    249 
    250   // __cxa_find_matching_catch_N functions.
    251   // Indexed by the number of clauses in an original landingpad instruction.
    252   DenseMap<int, Function *> FindMatchingCatches;
    253   // Map of <function signature string, invoke_ wrappers>
    254   StringMap<Function *> InvokeWrappers;
    255   // Set of whitelisted function names for exception handling
    256   std::set<std::string> EHWhitelistSet;
    257 
    258   StringRef getPassName() const override {
    259     return "WebAssembly Lower Emscripten Exceptions";
    260   }
    261 
    262   bool runEHOnFunction(Function &F);
    263   bool runSjLjOnFunction(Function &F);
    264   Function *getFindMatchingCatch(Module &M, unsigned NumClauses);
    265 
    266   template <typename CallOrInvoke> Value *wrapInvoke(CallOrInvoke *CI);
    267   void wrapTestSetjmp(BasicBlock *BB, Instruction *InsertPt, Value *Threw,
    268                       Value *SetjmpTable, Value *SetjmpTableSize, Value *&Label,
    269                       Value *&LongjmpResult, BasicBlock *&EndBB);
    270   template <typename CallOrInvoke> Function *getInvokeWrapper(CallOrInvoke *CI);
    271 
    272   bool areAllExceptionsAllowed() const { return EHWhitelistSet.empty(); }
    273   bool canLongjmp(Module &M, const Value *Callee) const;
    274 
    275   void createSetThrewFunction(Module &M);
    276   void createSetTempRet0Function(Module &M);
    277 
    278   void rebuildSSA(Function &F);
    279 
    280 public:
    281   static char ID;
    282 
    283   WebAssemblyLowerEmscriptenEHSjLj(bool EnableEH = true, bool EnableSjLj = true)
    284       : ModulePass(ID), EnableEH(EnableEH), EnableSjLj(EnableSjLj),
    285         ThrewGV(nullptr), ThrewValueGV(nullptr), TempRet0GV(nullptr),
    286         ResumeF(nullptr), EHTypeIDF(nullptr), EmLongjmpF(nullptr),
    287         EmLongjmpJmpbufF(nullptr), SaveSetjmpF(nullptr), TestSetjmpF(nullptr) {
    288     EHWhitelistSet.insert(EHWhitelist.begin(), EHWhitelist.end());
    289   }
    290   bool runOnModule(Module &M) override;
    291 
    292   void getAnalysisUsage(AnalysisUsage &AU) const override {
    293     AU.addRequired<DominatorTreeWrapperPass>();
    294   }
    295 };
    296 } // End anonymous namespace
    297 
    298 const char *WebAssemblyLowerEmscriptenEHSjLj::ResumeFName = "__resumeException";
    299 const char *WebAssemblyLowerEmscriptenEHSjLj::EHTypeIDFName =
    300     "llvm_eh_typeid_for";
    301 const char *WebAssemblyLowerEmscriptenEHSjLj::EmLongjmpFName =
    302     "emscripten_longjmp";
    303 const char *WebAssemblyLowerEmscriptenEHSjLj::EmLongjmpJmpbufFName =
    304     "emscripten_longjmp_jmpbuf";
    305 const char *WebAssemblyLowerEmscriptenEHSjLj::SaveSetjmpFName = "saveSetjmp";
    306 const char *WebAssemblyLowerEmscriptenEHSjLj::TestSetjmpFName = "testSetjmp";
    307 const char *WebAssemblyLowerEmscriptenEHSjLj::FindMatchingCatchPrefix =
    308     "__cxa_find_matching_catch_";
    309 const char *WebAssemblyLowerEmscriptenEHSjLj::InvokePrefix = "__invoke_";
    310 
    311 char WebAssemblyLowerEmscriptenEHSjLj::ID = 0;
    312 INITIALIZE_PASS(WebAssemblyLowerEmscriptenEHSjLj, DEBUG_TYPE,
    313                 "WebAssembly Lower Emscripten Exceptions / Setjmp / Longjmp",
    314                 false, false)
    315 
    316 ModulePass *llvm::createWebAssemblyLowerEmscriptenEHSjLj(bool EnableEH,
    317                                                          bool EnableSjLj) {
    318   return new WebAssemblyLowerEmscriptenEHSjLj(EnableEH, EnableSjLj);
    319 }
    320 
    321 static bool canThrow(const Value *V) {
    322   if (const auto *F = dyn_cast<const Function>(V)) {
    323     // Intrinsics cannot throw
    324     if (F->isIntrinsic())
    325       return false;
    326     StringRef Name = F->getName();
    327     // leave setjmp and longjmp (mostly) alone, we process them properly later
    328     if (Name == "setjmp" || Name == "longjmp")
    329       return false;
    330     return !F->doesNotThrow();
    331   }
    332   // not a function, so an indirect call - can throw, we can't tell
    333   return true;
    334 }
    335 
    336 static GlobalVariable *createGlobalVariableI32(Module &M, IRBuilder<> &IRB,
    337                                                const char *Name) {
    338   if (M.getNamedGlobal(Name))
    339     report_fatal_error(Twine("variable name is reserved: ") + Name);
    340 
    341   return new GlobalVariable(M, IRB.getInt32Ty(), false,
    342                             GlobalValue::WeakODRLinkage, IRB.getInt32(0), Name);
    343 }
    344 
    345 // Simple function name mangler.
    346 // This function simply takes LLVM's string representation of parameter types
    347 // and concatenate them with '_'. There are non-alphanumeric characters but llc
    348 // is ok with it, and we need to postprocess these names after the lowering
    349 // phase anyway.
    350 static std::string getSignature(FunctionType *FTy) {
    351   std::string Sig;
    352   raw_string_ostream OS(Sig);
    353   OS << *FTy->getReturnType();
    354   for (Type *ParamTy : FTy->params())
    355     OS << "_" << *ParamTy;
    356   if (FTy->isVarArg())
    357     OS << "_...";
    358   Sig = OS.str();
    359   Sig.erase(remove_if(Sig, isspace), Sig.end());
    360   // When s2wasm parses .s file, a comma means the end of an argument. So a
    361   // mangled function name can contain any character but a comma.
    362   std::replace(Sig.begin(), Sig.end(), ',', '.');
    363   return Sig;
    364 }
    365 
    366 // Returns __cxa_find_matching_catch_N function, where N = NumClauses + 2.
    367 // This is because a landingpad instruction contains two more arguments, a
    368 // personality function and a cleanup bit, and __cxa_find_matching_catch_N
    369 // functions are named after the number of arguments in the original landingpad
    370 // instruction.
    371 Function *
    372 WebAssemblyLowerEmscriptenEHSjLj::getFindMatchingCatch(Module &M,
    373                                                        unsigned NumClauses) {
    374   if (FindMatchingCatches.count(NumClauses))
    375     return FindMatchingCatches[NumClauses];
    376   PointerType *Int8PtrTy = Type::getInt8PtrTy(M.getContext());
    377   SmallVector<Type *, 16> Args(NumClauses, Int8PtrTy);
    378   FunctionType *FTy = FunctionType::get(Int8PtrTy, Args, false);
    379   Function *F =
    380       Function::Create(FTy, GlobalValue::ExternalLinkage,
    381                        FindMatchingCatchPrefix + Twine(NumClauses + 2), &M);
    382   FindMatchingCatches[NumClauses] = F;
    383   return F;
    384 }
    385 
    386 // Generate invoke wrapper seqence with preamble and postamble
    387 // Preamble:
    388 // __THREW__ = 0;
    389 // Postamble:
    390 // %__THREW__.val = __THREW__; __THREW__ = 0;
    391 // Returns %__THREW__.val, which indicates whether an exception is thrown (or
    392 // whether longjmp occurred), for future use.
    393 template <typename CallOrInvoke>
    394 Value *WebAssemblyLowerEmscriptenEHSjLj::wrapInvoke(CallOrInvoke *CI) {
    395   LLVMContext &C = CI->getModule()->getContext();
    396 
    397   // If we are calling a function that is noreturn, we must remove that
    398   // attribute. The code we insert here does expect it to return, after we
    399   // catch the exception.
    400   if (CI->doesNotReturn()) {
    401     if (auto *F = dyn_cast<Function>(CI->getCalledValue()))
    402       F->removeFnAttr(Attribute::NoReturn);
    403     CI->removeAttribute(AttributeList::FunctionIndex, Attribute::NoReturn);
    404   }
    405 
    406   IRBuilder<> IRB(C);
    407   IRB.SetInsertPoint(CI);
    408 
    409   // Pre-invoke
    410   // __THREW__ = 0;
    411   IRB.CreateStore(IRB.getInt32(0), ThrewGV);
    412 
    413   // Invoke function wrapper in JavaScript
    414   SmallVector<Value *, 16> Args;
    415   // Put the pointer to the callee as first argument, so it can be called
    416   // within the invoke wrapper later
    417   Args.push_back(CI->getCalledValue());
    418   Args.append(CI->arg_begin(), CI->arg_end());
    419   CallInst *NewCall = IRB.CreateCall(getInvokeWrapper(CI), Args);
    420   NewCall->takeName(CI);
    421   NewCall->setCallingConv(CI->getCallingConv());
    422   NewCall->setDebugLoc(CI->getDebugLoc());
    423 
    424   // Because we added the pointer to the callee as first argument, all
    425   // argument attribute indices have to be incremented by one.
    426   SmallVector<AttributeSet, 8> ArgAttributes;
    427   const AttributeList &InvokeAL = CI->getAttributes();
    428 
    429   // No attributes for the callee pointer.
    430   ArgAttributes.push_back(AttributeSet());
    431   // Copy the argument attributes from the original
    432   for (unsigned i = 0, e = CI->getNumArgOperands(); i < e; ++i)
    433     ArgAttributes.push_back(InvokeAL.getParamAttributes(i));
    434 
    435   // Reconstruct the AttributesList based on the vector we constructed.
    436   AttributeList NewCallAL =
    437       AttributeList::get(C, InvokeAL.getFnAttributes(),
    438                          InvokeAL.getRetAttributes(), ArgAttributes);
    439   NewCall->setAttributes(NewCallAL);
    440 
    441   CI->replaceAllUsesWith(NewCall);
    442 
    443   // Post-invoke
    444   // %__THREW__.val = __THREW__; __THREW__ = 0;
    445   Value *Threw = IRB.CreateLoad(ThrewGV, ThrewGV->getName() + ".val");
    446   IRB.CreateStore(IRB.getInt32(0), ThrewGV);
    447   return Threw;
    448 }
    449 
    450 // Get matching invoke wrapper based on callee signature
    451 template <typename CallOrInvoke>
    452 Function *WebAssemblyLowerEmscriptenEHSjLj::getInvokeWrapper(CallOrInvoke *CI) {
    453   Module *M = CI->getModule();
    454   SmallVector<Type *, 16> ArgTys;
    455   Value *Callee = CI->getCalledValue();
    456   FunctionType *CalleeFTy;
    457   if (auto *F = dyn_cast<Function>(Callee))
    458     CalleeFTy = F->getFunctionType();
    459   else {
    460     auto *CalleeTy = cast<PointerType>(Callee->getType())->getElementType();
    461     CalleeFTy = dyn_cast<FunctionType>(CalleeTy);
    462   }
    463 
    464   std::string Sig = getSignature(CalleeFTy);
    465   if (InvokeWrappers.find(Sig) != InvokeWrappers.end())
    466     return InvokeWrappers[Sig];
    467 
    468   // Put the pointer to the callee as first argument
    469   ArgTys.push_back(PointerType::getUnqual(CalleeFTy));
    470   // Add argument types
    471   ArgTys.append(CalleeFTy->param_begin(), CalleeFTy->param_end());
    472 
    473   FunctionType *FTy = FunctionType::get(CalleeFTy->getReturnType(), ArgTys,
    474                                         CalleeFTy->isVarArg());
    475   Function *F = Function::Create(FTy, GlobalValue::ExternalLinkage,
    476                                  InvokePrefix + Sig, M);
    477   InvokeWrappers[Sig] = F;
    478   return F;
    479 }
    480 
    481 bool WebAssemblyLowerEmscriptenEHSjLj::canLongjmp(Module &M,
    482                                                   const Value *Callee) const {
    483   if (auto *CalleeF = dyn_cast<Function>(Callee))
    484     if (CalleeF->isIntrinsic())
    485       return false;
    486 
    487   // The reason we include malloc/free here is to exclude the malloc/free
    488   // calls generated in setjmp prep / cleanup routines.
    489   Function *SetjmpF = M.getFunction("setjmp");
    490   Function *MallocF = M.getFunction("malloc");
    491   Function *FreeF = M.getFunction("free");
    492   if (Callee == SetjmpF || Callee == MallocF || Callee == FreeF)
    493     return false;
    494 
    495   // There are functions in JS glue code
    496   if (Callee == ResumeF || Callee == EHTypeIDF || Callee == SaveSetjmpF ||
    497       Callee == TestSetjmpF)
    498     return false;
    499 
    500   // __cxa_find_matching_catch_N functions cannot longjmp
    501   if (Callee->getName().startswith(FindMatchingCatchPrefix))
    502     return false;
    503 
    504   // Exception-catching related functions
    505   Function *BeginCatchF = M.getFunction("__cxa_begin_catch");
    506   Function *EndCatchF = M.getFunction("__cxa_end_catch");
    507   Function *AllocExceptionF = M.getFunction("__cxa_allocate_exception");
    508   Function *ThrowF = M.getFunction("__cxa_throw");
    509   Function *TerminateF = M.getFunction("__clang_call_terminate");
    510   if (Callee == BeginCatchF || Callee == EndCatchF ||
    511       Callee == AllocExceptionF || Callee == ThrowF || Callee == TerminateF)
    512     return false;
    513 
    514   // Otherwise we don't know
    515   return true;
    516 }
    517 
    518 // Generate testSetjmp function call seqence with preamble and postamble.
    519 // The code this generates is equivalent to the following JavaScript code:
    520 // if (%__THREW__.val != 0 & threwValue != 0) {
    521 //   %label = _testSetjmp(mem[%__THREW__.val], setjmpTable, setjmpTableSize);
    522 //   if (%label == 0)
    523 //     emscripten_longjmp(%__THREW__.val, threwValue);
    524 //   __tempRet0 = threwValue;
    525 // } else {
    526 //   %label = -1;
    527 // }
    528 // %longjmp_result = __tempRet0;
    529 //
    530 // As output parameters. returns %label, %longjmp_result, and the BB the last
    531 // instruction (%longjmp_result = ...) is in.
    532 void WebAssemblyLowerEmscriptenEHSjLj::wrapTestSetjmp(
    533     BasicBlock *BB, Instruction *InsertPt, Value *Threw, Value *SetjmpTable,
    534     Value *SetjmpTableSize, Value *&Label, Value *&LongjmpResult,
    535     BasicBlock *&EndBB) {
    536   Function *F = BB->getParent();
    537   LLVMContext &C = BB->getModule()->getContext();
    538   IRBuilder<> IRB(C);
    539   IRB.SetInsertPoint(InsertPt);
    540 
    541   // if (%__THREW__.val != 0 & threwValue != 0)
    542   IRB.SetInsertPoint(BB);
    543   BasicBlock *ThenBB1 = BasicBlock::Create(C, "if.then1", F);
    544   BasicBlock *ElseBB1 = BasicBlock::Create(C, "if.else1", F);
    545   BasicBlock *EndBB1 = BasicBlock::Create(C, "if.end", F);
    546   Value *ThrewCmp = IRB.CreateICmpNE(Threw, IRB.getInt32(0));
    547   Value *ThrewValue =
    548       IRB.CreateLoad(ThrewValueGV, ThrewValueGV->getName() + ".val");
    549   Value *ThrewValueCmp = IRB.CreateICmpNE(ThrewValue, IRB.getInt32(0));
    550   Value *Cmp1 = IRB.CreateAnd(ThrewCmp, ThrewValueCmp, "cmp1");
    551   IRB.CreateCondBr(Cmp1, ThenBB1, ElseBB1);
    552 
    553   // %label = _testSetjmp(mem[%__THREW__.val], _setjmpTable, _setjmpTableSize);
    554   // if (%label == 0)
    555   IRB.SetInsertPoint(ThenBB1);
    556   BasicBlock *ThenBB2 = BasicBlock::Create(C, "if.then2", F);
    557   BasicBlock *EndBB2 = BasicBlock::Create(C, "if.end2", F);
    558   Value *ThrewInt = IRB.CreateIntToPtr(Threw, Type::getInt32PtrTy(C),
    559                                        Threw->getName() + ".i32p");
    560   Value *LoadedThrew =
    561       IRB.CreateLoad(ThrewInt, ThrewInt->getName() + ".loaded");
    562   Value *ThenLabel = IRB.CreateCall(
    563       TestSetjmpF, {LoadedThrew, SetjmpTable, SetjmpTableSize}, "label");
    564   Value *Cmp2 = IRB.CreateICmpEQ(ThenLabel, IRB.getInt32(0));
    565   IRB.CreateCondBr(Cmp2, ThenBB2, EndBB2);
    566 
    567   // emscripten_longjmp(%__THREW__.val, threwValue);
    568   IRB.SetInsertPoint(ThenBB2);
    569   IRB.CreateCall(EmLongjmpF, {Threw, ThrewValue});
    570   IRB.CreateUnreachable();
    571 
    572   // __tempRet0 = threwValue;
    573   IRB.SetInsertPoint(EndBB2);
    574   IRB.CreateStore(ThrewValue, TempRet0GV);
    575   IRB.CreateBr(EndBB1);
    576 
    577   IRB.SetInsertPoint(ElseBB1);
    578   IRB.CreateBr(EndBB1);
    579 
    580   // longjmp_result = __tempRet0;
    581   IRB.SetInsertPoint(EndBB1);
    582   PHINode *LabelPHI = IRB.CreatePHI(IRB.getInt32Ty(), 2, "label");
    583   LabelPHI->addIncoming(ThenLabel, EndBB2);
    584 
    585   LabelPHI->addIncoming(IRB.getInt32(-1), ElseBB1);
    586 
    587   // Output parameter assignment
    588   Label = LabelPHI;
    589   EndBB = EndBB1;
    590   LongjmpResult = IRB.CreateLoad(TempRet0GV, "longjmp_result");
    591 }
    592 
    593 // Create setThrew function
    594 // function setThrew(threw, value) {
    595 //   if (__THREW__ == 0) {
    596 //     __THREW__ = threw;
    597 //     __threwValue = value;
    598 //   }
    599 // }
    600 void WebAssemblyLowerEmscriptenEHSjLj::createSetThrewFunction(Module &M) {
    601   LLVMContext &C = M.getContext();
    602   IRBuilder<> IRB(C);
    603 
    604   if (M.getNamedGlobal("setThrew"))
    605     report_fatal_error("setThrew already exists");
    606 
    607   Type *Params[] = {IRB.getInt32Ty(), IRB.getInt32Ty()};
    608   FunctionType *FTy = FunctionType::get(IRB.getVoidTy(), Params, false);
    609   Function *F =
    610       Function::Create(FTy, GlobalValue::WeakODRLinkage, "setThrew", &M);
    611   Argument *Arg1 = &*(F->arg_begin());
    612   Argument *Arg2 = &*std::next(F->arg_begin());
    613   Arg1->setName("threw");
    614   Arg2->setName("value");
    615   BasicBlock *EntryBB = BasicBlock::Create(C, "entry", F);
    616   BasicBlock *ThenBB = BasicBlock::Create(C, "if.then", F);
    617   BasicBlock *EndBB = BasicBlock::Create(C, "if.end", F);
    618 
    619   IRB.SetInsertPoint(EntryBB);
    620   Value *Threw = IRB.CreateLoad(ThrewGV, ThrewGV->getName() + ".val");
    621   Value *Cmp = IRB.CreateICmpEQ(Threw, IRB.getInt32(0), "cmp");
    622   IRB.CreateCondBr(Cmp, ThenBB, EndBB);
    623 
    624   IRB.SetInsertPoint(ThenBB);
    625   IRB.CreateStore(Arg1, ThrewGV);
    626   IRB.CreateStore(Arg2, ThrewValueGV);
    627   IRB.CreateBr(EndBB);
    628 
    629   IRB.SetInsertPoint(EndBB);
    630   IRB.CreateRetVoid();
    631 }
    632 
    633 // Create setTempRet0 function
    634 // function setTempRet0(value) {
    635 //   __tempRet0 = value;
    636 // }
    637 void WebAssemblyLowerEmscriptenEHSjLj::createSetTempRet0Function(Module &M) {
    638   LLVMContext &C = M.getContext();
    639   IRBuilder<> IRB(C);
    640 
    641   if (M.getNamedGlobal("setTempRet0"))
    642     report_fatal_error("setTempRet0 already exists");
    643   Type *Params[] = {IRB.getInt32Ty()};
    644   FunctionType *FTy = FunctionType::get(IRB.getVoidTy(), Params, false);
    645   Function *F =
    646       Function::Create(FTy, GlobalValue::WeakODRLinkage, "setTempRet0", &M);
    647   F->arg_begin()->setName("value");
    648   BasicBlock *EntryBB = BasicBlock::Create(C, "entry", F);
    649   IRB.SetInsertPoint(EntryBB);
    650   IRB.CreateStore(&*F->arg_begin(), TempRet0GV);
    651   IRB.CreateRetVoid();
    652 }
    653 
    654 void WebAssemblyLowerEmscriptenEHSjLj::rebuildSSA(Function &F) {
    655   DominatorTree &DT = getAnalysis<DominatorTreeWrapperPass>(F).getDomTree();
    656   DT.recalculate(F); // CFG has been changed
    657   SSAUpdater SSA;
    658   for (BasicBlock &BB : F) {
    659     for (Instruction &I : BB) {
    660       for (auto UI = I.use_begin(), UE = I.use_end(); UI != UE;) {
    661         Use &U = *UI;
    662         ++UI;
    663         SSA.Initialize(I.getType(), I.getName());
    664         SSA.AddAvailableValue(&BB, &I);
    665         Instruction *User = cast<Instruction>(U.getUser());
    666         if (User->getParent() == &BB)
    667           continue;
    668 
    669         if (PHINode *UserPN = dyn_cast<PHINode>(User))
    670           if (UserPN->getIncomingBlock(U) == &BB)
    671             continue;
    672 
    673         if (DT.dominates(&I, User))
    674           continue;
    675         SSA.RewriteUseAfterInsertions(U);
    676       }
    677     }
    678   }
    679 }
    680 
    681 bool WebAssemblyLowerEmscriptenEHSjLj::runOnModule(Module &M) {
    682   LLVMContext &C = M.getContext();
    683   IRBuilder<> IRB(C);
    684 
    685   Function *SetjmpF = M.getFunction("setjmp");
    686   Function *LongjmpF = M.getFunction("longjmp");
    687   bool SetjmpUsed = SetjmpF && !SetjmpF->use_empty();
    688   bool LongjmpUsed = LongjmpF && !LongjmpF->use_empty();
    689   bool DoSjLj = EnableSjLj && (SetjmpUsed || LongjmpUsed);
    690 
    691   // Create global variables __THREW__, threwValue, and __tempRet0, which are
    692   // used in common for both exception handling and setjmp/longjmp handling
    693   ThrewGV = createGlobalVariableI32(M, IRB, "__THREW__");
    694   ThrewValueGV = createGlobalVariableI32(M, IRB, "__threwValue");
    695   TempRet0GV = createGlobalVariableI32(M, IRB, "__tempRet0");
    696 
    697   bool Changed = false;
    698 
    699   // Exception handling
    700   if (EnableEH) {
    701     // Register __resumeException function
    702     FunctionType *ResumeFTy =
    703         FunctionType::get(IRB.getVoidTy(), IRB.getInt8PtrTy(), false);
    704     ResumeF = Function::Create(ResumeFTy, GlobalValue::ExternalLinkage,
    705                                ResumeFName, &M);
    706 
    707     // Register llvm_eh_typeid_for function
    708     FunctionType *EHTypeIDTy =
    709         FunctionType::get(IRB.getInt32Ty(), IRB.getInt8PtrTy(), false);
    710     EHTypeIDF = Function::Create(EHTypeIDTy, GlobalValue::ExternalLinkage,
    711                                  EHTypeIDFName, &M);
    712 
    713     for (Function &F : M) {
    714       if (F.isDeclaration())
    715         continue;
    716       Changed |= runEHOnFunction(F);
    717     }
    718   }
    719 
    720   // Setjmp/longjmp handling
    721   if (DoSjLj) {
    722     Changed = true; // We have setjmp or longjmp somewhere
    723 
    724     // Register saveSetjmp function
    725     FunctionType *SetjmpFTy = SetjmpF->getFunctionType();
    726     SmallVector<Type *, 4> Params = {SetjmpFTy->getParamType(0),
    727                                      IRB.getInt32Ty(), Type::getInt32PtrTy(C),
    728                                      IRB.getInt32Ty()};
    729     FunctionType *FTy =
    730         FunctionType::get(Type::getInt32PtrTy(C), Params, false);
    731     SaveSetjmpF = Function::Create(FTy, GlobalValue::ExternalLinkage,
    732                                    SaveSetjmpFName, &M);
    733 
    734     // Register testSetjmp function
    735     Params = {IRB.getInt32Ty(), Type::getInt32PtrTy(C), IRB.getInt32Ty()};
    736     FTy = FunctionType::get(IRB.getInt32Ty(), Params, false);
    737     TestSetjmpF = Function::Create(FTy, GlobalValue::ExternalLinkage,
    738                                    TestSetjmpFName, &M);
    739 
    740     if (LongjmpF) {
    741       // Replace all uses of longjmp with emscripten_longjmp_jmpbuf, which is
    742       // defined in JS code
    743       EmLongjmpJmpbufF = Function::Create(LongjmpF->getFunctionType(),
    744                                           GlobalValue::ExternalLinkage,
    745                                           EmLongjmpJmpbufFName, &M);
    746 
    747       LongjmpF->replaceAllUsesWith(EmLongjmpJmpbufF);
    748     }
    749     FTy = FunctionType::get(IRB.getVoidTy(),
    750                             {IRB.getInt32Ty(), IRB.getInt32Ty()}, false);
    751     EmLongjmpF =
    752         Function::Create(FTy, GlobalValue::ExternalLinkage, EmLongjmpFName, &M);
    753 
    754     // Only traverse functions that uses setjmp in order not to insert
    755     // unnecessary prep / cleanup code in every function
    756     SmallPtrSet<Function *, 8> SetjmpUsers;
    757     for (User *U : SetjmpF->users()) {
    758       auto *UI = cast<Instruction>(U);
    759       SetjmpUsers.insert(UI->getFunction());
    760     }
    761     for (Function *F : SetjmpUsers)
    762       runSjLjOnFunction(*F);
    763   }
    764 
    765   if (!Changed) {
    766     // Delete unused global variables and functions
    767     ThrewGV->eraseFromParent();
    768     ThrewValueGV->eraseFromParent();
    769     TempRet0GV->eraseFromParent();
    770     if (ResumeF)
    771       ResumeF->eraseFromParent();
    772     if (EHTypeIDF)
    773       EHTypeIDF->eraseFromParent();
    774     if (EmLongjmpF)
    775       EmLongjmpF->eraseFromParent();
    776     if (SaveSetjmpF)
    777       SaveSetjmpF->eraseFromParent();
    778     if (TestSetjmpF)
    779       TestSetjmpF->eraseFromParent();
    780     return false;
    781   }
    782 
    783   // If we have made any changes while doing exception handling or
    784   // setjmp/longjmp handling, we have to create these functions for JavaScript
    785   // to call.
    786   createSetThrewFunction(M);
    787   createSetTempRet0Function(M);
    788 
    789   return true;
    790 }
    791 
    792 bool WebAssemblyLowerEmscriptenEHSjLj::runEHOnFunction(Function &F) {
    793   Module &M = *F.getParent();
    794   LLVMContext &C = F.getContext();
    795   IRBuilder<> IRB(C);
    796   bool Changed = false;
    797   SmallVector<Instruction *, 64> ToErase;
    798   SmallPtrSet<LandingPadInst *, 32> LandingPads;
    799   bool AllowExceptions =
    800       areAllExceptionsAllowed() || EHWhitelistSet.count(F.getName());
    801 
    802   for (BasicBlock &BB : F) {
    803     auto *II = dyn_cast<InvokeInst>(BB.getTerminator());
    804     if (!II)
    805       continue;
    806     Changed = true;
    807     LandingPads.insert(II->getLandingPadInst());
    808     IRB.SetInsertPoint(II);
    809 
    810     bool NeedInvoke = AllowExceptions && canThrow(II->getCalledValue());
    811     if (NeedInvoke) {
    812       // Wrap invoke with invoke wrapper and generate preamble/postamble
    813       Value *Threw = wrapInvoke(II);
    814       ToErase.push_back(II);
    815 
    816       // Insert a branch based on __THREW__ variable
    817       Value *Cmp = IRB.CreateICmpEQ(Threw, IRB.getInt32(1), "cmp");
    818       IRB.CreateCondBr(Cmp, II->getUnwindDest(), II->getNormalDest());
    819 
    820     } else {
    821       // This can't throw, and we don't need this invoke, just replace it with a
    822       // call+branch
    823       SmallVector<Value *, 16> Args(II->arg_begin(), II->arg_end());
    824       CallInst *NewCall = IRB.CreateCall(II->getCalledValue(), Args);
    825       NewCall->takeName(II);
    826       NewCall->setCallingConv(II->getCallingConv());
    827       NewCall->setDebugLoc(II->getDebugLoc());
    828       NewCall->setAttributes(II->getAttributes());
    829       II->replaceAllUsesWith(NewCall);
    830       ToErase.push_back(II);
    831 
    832       IRB.CreateBr(II->getNormalDest());
    833 
    834       // Remove any PHI node entries from the exception destination
    835       II->getUnwindDest()->removePredecessor(&BB);
    836     }
    837   }
    838 
    839   // Process resume instructions
    840   for (BasicBlock &BB : F) {
    841     // Scan the body of the basic block for resumes
    842     for (Instruction &I : BB) {
    843       auto *RI = dyn_cast<ResumeInst>(&I);
    844       if (!RI)
    845         continue;
    846 
    847       // Split the input into legal values
    848       Value *Input = RI->getValue();
    849       IRB.SetInsertPoint(RI);
    850       Value *Low = IRB.CreateExtractValue(Input, 0, "low");
    851       // Create a call to __resumeException function
    852       IRB.CreateCall(ResumeF, {Low});
    853       // Add a terminator to the block
    854       IRB.CreateUnreachable();
    855       ToErase.push_back(RI);
    856     }
    857   }
    858 
    859   // Process llvm.eh.typeid.for intrinsics
    860   for (BasicBlock &BB : F) {
    861     for (Instruction &I : BB) {
    862       auto *CI = dyn_cast<CallInst>(&I);
    863       if (!CI)
    864         continue;
    865       const Function *Callee = CI->getCalledFunction();
    866       if (!Callee)
    867         continue;
    868       if (Callee->getIntrinsicID() != Intrinsic::eh_typeid_for)
    869         continue;
    870 
    871       IRB.SetInsertPoint(CI);
    872       CallInst *NewCI =
    873           IRB.CreateCall(EHTypeIDF, CI->getArgOperand(0), "typeid");
    874       CI->replaceAllUsesWith(NewCI);
    875       ToErase.push_back(CI);
    876     }
    877   }
    878 
    879   // Look for orphan landingpads, can occur in blocks with no predecessors
    880   for (BasicBlock &BB : F) {
    881     Instruction *I = BB.getFirstNonPHI();
    882     if (auto *LPI = dyn_cast<LandingPadInst>(I))
    883       LandingPads.insert(LPI);
    884   }
    885 
    886   // Handle all the landingpad for this function together, as multiple invokes
    887   // may share a single lp
    888   for (LandingPadInst *LPI : LandingPads) {
    889     IRB.SetInsertPoint(LPI);
    890     SmallVector<Value *, 16> FMCArgs;
    891     for (unsigned i = 0, e = LPI->getNumClauses(); i < e; ++i) {
    892       Constant *Clause = LPI->getClause(i);
    893       // As a temporary workaround for the lack of aggregate varargs support
    894       // in the interface between JS and wasm, break out filter operands into
    895       // their component elements.
    896       if (LPI->isFilter(i)) {
    897         auto *ATy = cast<ArrayType>(Clause->getType());
    898         for (unsigned j = 0, e = ATy->getNumElements(); j < e; ++j) {
    899           Value *EV = IRB.CreateExtractValue(Clause, makeArrayRef(j), "filter");
    900           FMCArgs.push_back(EV);
    901         }
    902       } else
    903         FMCArgs.push_back(Clause);
    904     }
    905 
    906     // Create a call to __cxa_find_matching_catch_N function
    907     Function *FMCF = getFindMatchingCatch(M, FMCArgs.size());
    908     CallInst *FMCI = IRB.CreateCall(FMCF, FMCArgs, "fmc");
    909     Value *Undef = UndefValue::get(LPI->getType());
    910     Value *Pair0 = IRB.CreateInsertValue(Undef, FMCI, 0, "pair0");
    911     Value *TempRet0 =
    912         IRB.CreateLoad(TempRet0GV, TempRet0GV->getName() + ".val");
    913     Value *Pair1 = IRB.CreateInsertValue(Pair0, TempRet0, 1, "pair1");
    914 
    915     LPI->replaceAllUsesWith(Pair1);
    916     ToErase.push_back(LPI);
    917   }
    918 
    919   // Erase everything we no longer need in this function
    920   for (Instruction *I : ToErase)
    921     I->eraseFromParent();
    922 
    923   return Changed;
    924 }
    925 
    926 bool WebAssemblyLowerEmscriptenEHSjLj::runSjLjOnFunction(Function &F) {
    927   Module &M = *F.getParent();
    928   LLVMContext &C = F.getContext();
    929   IRBuilder<> IRB(C);
    930   SmallVector<Instruction *, 64> ToErase;
    931   // Vector of %setjmpTable values
    932   std::vector<Instruction *> SetjmpTableInsts;
    933   // Vector of %setjmpTableSize values
    934   std::vector<Instruction *> SetjmpTableSizeInsts;
    935 
    936   // Setjmp preparation
    937 
    938   // This instruction effectively means %setjmpTableSize = 4.
    939   // We create this as an instruction intentionally, and we don't want to fold
    940   // this instruction to a constant 4, because this value will be used in
    941   // SSAUpdater.AddAvailableValue(...) later.
    942   BasicBlock &EntryBB = F.getEntryBlock();
    943   BinaryOperator *SetjmpTableSize = BinaryOperator::Create(
    944       Instruction::Add, IRB.getInt32(4), IRB.getInt32(0), "setjmpTableSize",
    945       &*EntryBB.getFirstInsertionPt());
    946   // setjmpTable = (int *) malloc(40);
    947   Instruction *SetjmpTable = CallInst::CreateMalloc(
    948       SetjmpTableSize, IRB.getInt32Ty(), IRB.getInt32Ty(), IRB.getInt32(40),
    949       nullptr, nullptr, "setjmpTable");
    950   // setjmpTable[0] = 0;
    951   IRB.SetInsertPoint(SetjmpTableSize);
    952   IRB.CreateStore(IRB.getInt32(0), SetjmpTable);
    953   SetjmpTableInsts.push_back(SetjmpTable);
    954   SetjmpTableSizeInsts.push_back(SetjmpTableSize);
    955 
    956   // Setjmp transformation
    957   std::vector<PHINode *> SetjmpRetPHIs;
    958   Function *SetjmpF = M.getFunction("setjmp");
    959   for (User *U : SetjmpF->users()) {
    960     auto *CI = dyn_cast<CallInst>(U);
    961     if (!CI)
    962       report_fatal_error("Does not support indirect calls to setjmp");
    963 
    964     BasicBlock *BB = CI->getParent();
    965     if (BB->getParent() != &F) // in other function
    966       continue;
    967 
    968     // The tail is everything right after the call, and will be reached once
    969     // when setjmp is called, and later when longjmp returns to the setjmp
    970     BasicBlock *Tail = SplitBlock(BB, CI->getNextNode());
    971     // Add a phi to the tail, which will be the output of setjmp, which
    972     // indicates if this is the first call or a longjmp back. The phi directly
    973     // uses the right value based on where we arrive from
    974     IRB.SetInsertPoint(Tail->getFirstNonPHI());
    975     PHINode *SetjmpRet = IRB.CreatePHI(IRB.getInt32Ty(), 2, "setjmp.ret");
    976 
    977     // setjmp initial call returns 0
    978     SetjmpRet->addIncoming(IRB.getInt32(0), BB);
    979     // The proper output is now this, not the setjmp call itself
    980     CI->replaceAllUsesWith(SetjmpRet);
    981     // longjmp returns to the setjmp will add themselves to this phi
    982     SetjmpRetPHIs.push_back(SetjmpRet);
    983 
    984     // Fix call target
    985     // Our index in the function is our place in the array + 1 to avoid index
    986     // 0, because index 0 means the longjmp is not ours to handle.
    987     IRB.SetInsertPoint(CI);
    988     Value *Args[] = {CI->getArgOperand(0), IRB.getInt32(SetjmpRetPHIs.size()),
    989                      SetjmpTable, SetjmpTableSize};
    990     Instruction *NewSetjmpTable =
    991         IRB.CreateCall(SaveSetjmpF, Args, "setjmpTable");
    992     Instruction *NewSetjmpTableSize =
    993         IRB.CreateLoad(TempRet0GV, "setjmpTableSize");
    994     SetjmpTableInsts.push_back(NewSetjmpTable);
    995     SetjmpTableSizeInsts.push_back(NewSetjmpTableSize);
    996     ToErase.push_back(CI);
    997   }
    998 
    999   // Update each call that can longjmp so it can return to a setjmp where
   1000   // relevant.
   1001 
   1002   // Because we are creating new BBs while processing and don't want to make
   1003   // all these newly created BBs candidates again for longjmp processing, we
   1004   // first make the vector of candidate BBs.
   1005   std::vector<BasicBlock *> BBs;
   1006   for (BasicBlock &BB : F)
   1007     BBs.push_back(&BB);
   1008 
   1009   // BBs.size() will change within the loop, so we query it every time
   1010   for (unsigned i = 0; i < BBs.size(); i++) {
   1011     BasicBlock *BB = BBs[i];
   1012     for (Instruction &I : *BB) {
   1013       assert(!isa<InvokeInst>(&I));
   1014       auto *CI = dyn_cast<CallInst>(&I);
   1015       if (!CI)
   1016         continue;
   1017 
   1018       const Value *Callee = CI->getCalledValue();
   1019       if (!canLongjmp(M, Callee))
   1020         continue;
   1021 
   1022       Value *Threw = nullptr;
   1023       BasicBlock *Tail;
   1024       if (Callee->getName().startswith(InvokePrefix)) {
   1025         // If invoke wrapper has already been generated for this call in
   1026         // previous EH phase, search for the load instruction
   1027         // %__THREW__.val = __THREW__;
   1028         // in postamble after the invoke wrapper call
   1029         LoadInst *ThrewLI = nullptr;
   1030         StoreInst *ThrewResetSI = nullptr;
   1031         for (auto I = std::next(BasicBlock::iterator(CI)), IE = BB->end();
   1032              I != IE; ++I) {
   1033           if (auto *LI = dyn_cast<LoadInst>(I))
   1034             if (auto *GV = dyn_cast<GlobalVariable>(LI->getPointerOperand()))
   1035               if (GV == ThrewGV) {
   1036                 Threw = ThrewLI = LI;
   1037                 break;
   1038               }
   1039         }
   1040         // Search for the store instruction after the load above
   1041         // __THREW__ = 0;
   1042         for (auto I = std::next(BasicBlock::iterator(ThrewLI)), IE = BB->end();
   1043              I != IE; ++I) {
   1044           if (auto *SI = dyn_cast<StoreInst>(I))
   1045             if (auto *GV = dyn_cast<GlobalVariable>(SI->getPointerOperand()))
   1046               if (GV == ThrewGV && SI->getValueOperand() == IRB.getInt32(0)) {
   1047                 ThrewResetSI = SI;
   1048                 break;
   1049               }
   1050         }
   1051         assert(Threw && ThrewLI && "Cannot find __THREW__ load after invoke");
   1052         assert(ThrewResetSI && "Cannot find __THREW__ store after invoke");
   1053         Tail = SplitBlock(BB, ThrewResetSI->getNextNode());
   1054 
   1055       } else {
   1056         // Wrap call with invoke wrapper and generate preamble/postamble
   1057         Threw = wrapInvoke(CI);
   1058         ToErase.push_back(CI);
   1059         Tail = SplitBlock(BB, CI->getNextNode());
   1060       }
   1061 
   1062       // We need to replace the terminator in Tail - SplitBlock makes BB go
   1063       // straight to Tail, we need to check if a longjmp occurred, and go to the
   1064       // right setjmp-tail if so
   1065       ToErase.push_back(BB->getTerminator());
   1066 
   1067       // Generate a function call to testSetjmp function and preamble/postamble
   1068       // code to figure out (1) whether longjmp occurred (2) if longjmp
   1069       // occurred, which setjmp it corresponds to
   1070       Value *Label = nullptr;
   1071       Value *LongjmpResult = nullptr;
   1072       BasicBlock *EndBB = nullptr;
   1073       wrapTestSetjmp(BB, CI, Threw, SetjmpTable, SetjmpTableSize, Label,
   1074                      LongjmpResult, EndBB);
   1075       assert(Label && LongjmpResult && EndBB);
   1076 
   1077       // Create switch instruction
   1078       IRB.SetInsertPoint(EndBB);
   1079       SwitchInst *SI = IRB.CreateSwitch(Label, Tail, SetjmpRetPHIs.size());
   1080       // -1 means no longjmp happened, continue normally (will hit the default
   1081       // switch case). 0 means a longjmp that is not ours to handle, needs a
   1082       // rethrow. Otherwise the index is the same as the index in P+1 (to avoid
   1083       // 0).
   1084       for (unsigned i = 0; i < SetjmpRetPHIs.size(); i++) {
   1085         SI->addCase(IRB.getInt32(i + 1), SetjmpRetPHIs[i]->getParent());
   1086         SetjmpRetPHIs[i]->addIncoming(LongjmpResult, EndBB);
   1087       }
   1088 
   1089       // We are splitting the block here, and must continue to find other calls
   1090       // in the block - which is now split. so continue to traverse in the Tail
   1091       BBs.push_back(Tail);
   1092     }
   1093   }
   1094 
   1095   // Erase everything we no longer need in this function
   1096   for (Instruction *I : ToErase)
   1097     I->eraseFromParent();
   1098 
   1099   // Free setjmpTable buffer before each return instruction
   1100   for (BasicBlock &BB : F) {
   1101     TerminatorInst *TI = BB.getTerminator();
   1102     if (isa<ReturnInst>(TI))
   1103       CallInst::CreateFree(SetjmpTable, TI);
   1104   }
   1105 
   1106   // Every call to saveSetjmp can change setjmpTable and setjmpTableSize
   1107   // (when buffer reallocation occurs)
   1108   // entry:
   1109   //   setjmpTableSize = 4;
   1110   //   setjmpTable = (int *) malloc(40);
   1111   //   setjmpTable[0] = 0;
   1112   // ...
   1113   // somebb:
   1114   //   setjmpTable = saveSetjmp(buf, label, setjmpTable, setjmpTableSize);
   1115   //   setjmpTableSize = __tempRet0;
   1116   // So we need to make sure the SSA for these variables is valid so that every
   1117   // saveSetjmp and testSetjmp calls have the correct arguments.
   1118   SSAUpdater SetjmpTableSSA;
   1119   SSAUpdater SetjmpTableSizeSSA;
   1120   SetjmpTableSSA.Initialize(Type::getInt32PtrTy(C), "setjmpTable");
   1121   SetjmpTableSizeSSA.Initialize(Type::getInt32Ty(C), "setjmpTableSize");
   1122   for (Instruction *I : SetjmpTableInsts)
   1123     SetjmpTableSSA.AddAvailableValue(I->getParent(), I);
   1124   for (Instruction *I : SetjmpTableSizeInsts)
   1125     SetjmpTableSizeSSA.AddAvailableValue(I->getParent(), I);
   1126 
   1127   for (auto UI = SetjmpTable->use_begin(), UE = SetjmpTable->use_end();
   1128        UI != UE;) {
   1129     // Grab the use before incrementing the iterator.
   1130     Use &U = *UI;
   1131     // Increment the iterator before removing the use from the list.
   1132     ++UI;
   1133     if (Instruction *I = dyn_cast<Instruction>(U.getUser()))
   1134       if (I->getParent() != &EntryBB)
   1135         SetjmpTableSSA.RewriteUse(U);
   1136   }
   1137   for (auto UI = SetjmpTableSize->use_begin(), UE = SetjmpTableSize->use_end();
   1138        UI != UE;) {
   1139     Use &U = *UI;
   1140     ++UI;
   1141     if (Instruction *I = dyn_cast<Instruction>(U.getUser()))
   1142       if (I->getParent() != &EntryBB)
   1143         SetjmpTableSizeSSA.RewriteUse(U);
   1144   }
   1145 
   1146   // Finally, our modifications to the cfg can break dominance of SSA variables.
   1147   // For example, in this code,
   1148   // if (x()) { .. setjmp() .. }
   1149   // if (y()) { .. longjmp() .. }
   1150   // We must split the longjmp block, and it can jump into the block splitted
   1151   // from setjmp one. But that means that when we split the setjmp block, it's
   1152   // first part no longer dominates its second part - there is a theoretically
   1153   // possible control flow path where x() is false, then y() is true and we
   1154   // reach the second part of the setjmp block, without ever reaching the first
   1155   // part. So, we rebuild SSA form here.
   1156   rebuildSSA(F);
   1157   return true;
   1158 }
   1159