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      1 /*
      2 *******************************************************************************
      3 *
      4 *   Copyright (C) 2001-2009, International Business Machines
      5 *   Corporation and others.  All Rights Reserved.
      6 *
      7 *******************************************************************************
      8 *   file name:  ustrcase.c
      9 *   encoding:   US-ASCII
     10 *   tab size:   8 (not used)
     11 *   indentation:4
     12 *
     13 *   created on: 2002feb20
     14 *   created by: Markus W. Scherer
     15 *
     16 *   Implementation file for string casing C API functions.
     17 *   Uses functions from uchar.c for basic functionality that requires access
     18 *   to the Unicode Character Database (uprops.dat).
     19 */
     20 
     21 #include "unicode/utypes.h"
     22 #include "unicode/uloc.h"
     23 #include "unicode/ustring.h"
     24 #include "unicode/ucasemap.h"
     25 #include "unicode/ubrk.h"
     26 #include "cmemory.h"
     27 #include "ucase.h"
     28 #include "unormimp.h"
     29 #include "ustr_imp.h"
     30 
     31 /* string casing ------------------------------------------------------------ */
     32 
     33 /* append a full case mapping result, see UCASE_MAX_STRING_LENGTH */
     34 static U_INLINE int32_t
     35 appendResult(UChar *dest, int32_t destIndex, int32_t destCapacity,
     36              int32_t result, const UChar *s) {
     37     UChar32 c;
     38     int32_t length;
     39 
     40     /* decode the result */
     41     if(result<0) {
     42         /* (not) original code point */
     43         c=~result;
     44         length=-1;
     45     } else if(result<=UCASE_MAX_STRING_LENGTH) {
     46         c=U_SENTINEL;
     47         length=result;
     48     } else {
     49         c=result;
     50         length=-1;
     51     }
     52 
     53     if(destIndex<destCapacity) {
     54         /* append the result */
     55         if(length<0) {
     56             /* code point */
     57             UBool isError=FALSE;
     58             U16_APPEND(dest, destIndex, destCapacity, c, isError);
     59             if(isError) {
     60                 /* overflow, nothing written */
     61                 destIndex+=U16_LENGTH(c);
     62             }
     63         } else {
     64             /* string */
     65             if((destIndex+length)<=destCapacity) {
     66                 while(length>0) {
     67                     dest[destIndex++]=*s++;
     68                     --length;
     69                 }
     70             } else {
     71                 /* overflow */
     72                 destIndex+=length;
     73             }
     74         }
     75     } else {
     76         /* preflight */
     77         if(length<0) {
     78             destIndex+=U16_LENGTH(c);
     79         } else {
     80             destIndex+=length;
     81         }
     82     }
     83     return destIndex;
     84 }
     85 
     86 static UChar32 U_CALLCONV
     87 utf16_caseContextIterator(void *context, int8_t dir) {
     88     UCaseContext *csc=(UCaseContext *)context;
     89     UChar32 c;
     90 
     91     if(dir<0) {
     92         /* reset for backward iteration */
     93         csc->index=csc->cpStart;
     94         csc->dir=dir;
     95     } else if(dir>0) {
     96         /* reset for forward iteration */
     97         csc->index=csc->cpLimit;
     98         csc->dir=dir;
     99     } else {
    100         /* continue current iteration direction */
    101         dir=csc->dir;
    102     }
    103 
    104     if(dir<0) {
    105         if(csc->start<csc->index) {
    106             U16_PREV((const UChar *)csc->p, csc->start, csc->index, c);
    107             return c;
    108         }
    109     } else {
    110         if(csc->index<csc->limit) {
    111             U16_NEXT((const UChar *)csc->p, csc->index, csc->limit, c);
    112             return c;
    113         }
    114     }
    115     return U_SENTINEL;
    116 }
    117 
    118 /*
    119  * Case-maps [srcStart..srcLimit[ but takes
    120  * context [0..srcLength[ into account.
    121  */
    122 static int32_t
    123 _caseMap(const UCaseMap *csm, UCaseMapFull *map,
    124          UChar *dest, int32_t destCapacity,
    125          const UChar *src, UCaseContext *csc,
    126          int32_t srcStart, int32_t srcLimit,
    127          UErrorCode *pErrorCode) {
    128     const UChar *s;
    129     UChar32 c, c2 = 0;
    130     int32_t srcIndex, destIndex;
    131     int32_t locCache;
    132 
    133     locCache=csm->locCache;
    134 
    135     /* case mapping loop */
    136     srcIndex=srcStart;
    137     destIndex=0;
    138     while(srcIndex<srcLimit) {
    139         csc->cpStart=srcIndex;
    140         U16_NEXT(src, srcIndex, srcLimit, c);
    141         csc->cpLimit=srcIndex;
    142         c=map(csm->csp, c, utf16_caseContextIterator, csc, &s, csm->locale, &locCache);
    143         if((destIndex<destCapacity) && (c<0 ? (c2=~c)<=0xffff : UCASE_MAX_STRING_LENGTH<c && (c2=c)<=0xffff)) {
    144             /* fast path version of appendResult() for BMP results */
    145             dest[destIndex++]=(UChar)c2;
    146         } else {
    147             destIndex=appendResult(dest, destIndex, destCapacity, c, s);
    148         }
    149     }
    150 
    151     if(destIndex>destCapacity) {
    152         *pErrorCode=U_BUFFER_OVERFLOW_ERROR;
    153     }
    154     return destIndex;
    155 }
    156 
    157 static void
    158 setTempCaseMapLocale(UCaseMap *csm, const char *locale, UErrorCode *pErrorCode) {
    159     /*
    160      * We could call ucasemap_setLocale(), but here we really only care about
    161      * the initial language subtag, we need not return the real string via
    162      * ucasemap_getLocale(), and we don't care about only getting "x" from
    163      * "x-some-thing" etc.
    164      *
    165      * We ignore locales with a longer-than-3 initial subtag.
    166      *
    167      * We also do not fill in the locCache because it is rarely used,
    168      * and not worth setting unless we reuse it for many case mapping operations.
    169      * (That's why UCaseMap was created.)
    170      */
    171     int i;
    172     char c;
    173 
    174     /* the internal functions require locale!=NULL */
    175     if(locale==NULL) {
    176         locale=uloc_getDefault();
    177     }
    178     for(i=0; i<4 && (c=locale[i])!=0 && c!='-' && c!='_'; ++i) {
    179         csm->locale[i]=c;
    180     }
    181     if(i<=3) {
    182         csm->locale[i]=0;  /* Up to 3 non-separator characters. */
    183     } else {
    184         csm->locale[0]=0;  /* Longer-than-3 initial subtag: Ignore. */
    185     }
    186 }
    187 
    188 /*
    189  * Set parameters on an empty UCaseMap, for UCaseMap-less API functions.
    190  * Do this fast because it is called with every function call.
    191  */
    192 static U_INLINE void
    193 setTempCaseMap(UCaseMap *csm, const char *locale, UErrorCode *pErrorCode) {
    194     if(csm->csp==NULL) {
    195         csm->csp=ucase_getSingleton(pErrorCode);
    196         if(U_FAILURE(*pErrorCode)) {
    197             return;
    198         }
    199     }
    200     if(locale!=NULL && locale[0]==0) {
    201         csm->locale[0]=0;
    202     } else {
    203         setTempCaseMapLocale(csm, locale, pErrorCode);
    204     }
    205 }
    206 
    207 #if !UCONFIG_NO_BREAK_ITERATION
    208 
    209 /*
    210  * Internal titlecasing function.
    211  */
    212 static int32_t
    213 _toTitle(UCaseMap *csm,
    214          UChar *dest, int32_t destCapacity,
    215          const UChar *src, UCaseContext *csc,
    216          int32_t srcLength,
    217          UErrorCode *pErrorCode) {
    218     const UChar *s;
    219     UChar32 c;
    220     int32_t prev, titleStart, titleLimit, idx, destIndex, length;
    221     UBool isFirstIndex;
    222 
    223     if(csm->iter!=NULL) {
    224         ubrk_setText(csm->iter, src, srcLength, pErrorCode);
    225     } else {
    226         csm->iter=ubrk_open(UBRK_WORD, csm->locale,
    227                             src, srcLength,
    228                             pErrorCode);
    229     }
    230     if(U_FAILURE(*pErrorCode)) {
    231         return 0;
    232     }
    233 
    234     /* set up local variables */
    235     destIndex=0;
    236     prev=0;
    237     isFirstIndex=TRUE;
    238 
    239     /* titlecasing loop */
    240     while(prev<srcLength) {
    241         /* find next index where to titlecase */
    242         if(isFirstIndex) {
    243             isFirstIndex=FALSE;
    244             idx=ubrk_first(csm->iter);
    245         } else {
    246             idx=ubrk_next(csm->iter);
    247         }
    248         if(idx==UBRK_DONE || idx>srcLength) {
    249             idx=srcLength;
    250         }
    251 
    252         /*
    253          * Unicode 4 & 5 section 3.13 Default Case Operations:
    254          *
    255          * R3  toTitlecase(X): Find the word boundaries based on Unicode Standard Annex
    256          * #29, "Text Boundaries." Between each pair of word boundaries, find the first
    257          * cased character F. If F exists, map F to default_title(F); then map each
    258          * subsequent character C to default_lower(C).
    259          *
    260          * In this implementation, segment [prev..index[ into 3 parts:
    261          * a) uncased characters (copy as-is) [prev..titleStart[
    262          * b) first case letter (titlecase)         [titleStart..titleLimit[
    263          * c) subsequent characters (lowercase)                 [titleLimit..index[
    264          */
    265         if(prev<idx) {
    266             /* find and copy uncased characters [prev..titleStart[ */
    267             titleStart=titleLimit=prev;
    268             U16_NEXT(src, titleLimit, idx, c);
    269             if((csm->options&U_TITLECASE_NO_BREAK_ADJUSTMENT)==0 && UCASE_NONE==ucase_getType(csm->csp, c)) {
    270                 /* Adjust the titlecasing index (titleStart) to the next cased character. */
    271                 for(;;) {
    272                     titleStart=titleLimit;
    273                     if(titleLimit==idx) {
    274                         /*
    275                          * only uncased characters in [prev..index[
    276                          * stop with titleStart==titleLimit==index
    277                          */
    278                         break;
    279                     }
    280                     U16_NEXT(src, titleLimit, idx, c);
    281                     if(UCASE_NONE!=ucase_getType(csm->csp, c)) {
    282                         break; /* cased letter at [titleStart..titleLimit[ */
    283                     }
    284                 }
    285                 length=titleStart-prev;
    286                 if(length>0) {
    287                     if((destIndex+length)<=destCapacity) {
    288                         uprv_memcpy(dest+destIndex, src+prev, length*U_SIZEOF_UCHAR);
    289                     }
    290                     destIndex+=length;
    291                 }
    292             }
    293 
    294             if(titleStart<titleLimit) {
    295                 /* titlecase c which is from [titleStart..titleLimit[ */
    296                 csc->cpStart=titleStart;
    297                 csc->cpLimit=titleLimit;
    298                 c=ucase_toFullTitle(csm->csp, c, utf16_caseContextIterator, csc, &s, csm->locale, &csm->locCache);
    299                 destIndex=appendResult(dest, destIndex, destCapacity, c, s);
    300 
    301                 /* Special case Dutch IJ titlecasing */
    302                 if ( titleStart+1 < idx &&
    303                      ucase_getCaseLocale(csm->locale,&csm->locCache) == UCASE_LOC_DUTCH &&
    304                      ( src[titleStart] == (UChar32) 0x0049 || src[titleStart] == (UChar32) 0x0069 ) &&
    305                      ( src[titleStart+1] == (UChar32) 0x004A || src[titleStart+1] == (UChar32) 0x006A )) {
    306                             c=(UChar32) 0x004A;
    307                             destIndex=appendResult(dest, destIndex, destCapacity, c, s);
    308                             titleLimit++;
    309                 }
    310 
    311                 /* lowercase [titleLimit..index[ */
    312                 if(titleLimit<idx) {
    313                     if((csm->options&U_TITLECASE_NO_LOWERCASE)==0) {
    314                         /* Normal operation: Lowercase the rest of the word. */
    315                         destIndex+=
    316                             _caseMap(
    317                                 csm, ucase_toFullLower,
    318                                 dest+destIndex, destCapacity-destIndex,
    319                                 src, csc,
    320                                 titleLimit, idx,
    321                                 pErrorCode);
    322                     } else {
    323                         /* Optionally just copy the rest of the word unchanged. */
    324                         length=idx-titleLimit;
    325                         if((destIndex+length)<=destCapacity) {
    326                             uprv_memcpy(dest+destIndex, src+titleLimit, length*U_SIZEOF_UCHAR);
    327                         }
    328                         destIndex+=length;
    329                     }
    330                 }
    331             }
    332         }
    333 
    334         prev=idx;
    335     }
    336 
    337     if(destIndex>destCapacity) {
    338         *pErrorCode=U_BUFFER_OVERFLOW_ERROR;
    339     }
    340     return destIndex;
    341 }
    342 
    343 #endif
    344 
    345 /* functions available in the common library (for unistr_case.cpp) */
    346 
    347 U_CFUNC int32_t
    348 ustr_toLower(const UCaseProps *csp,
    349              UChar *dest, int32_t destCapacity,
    350              const UChar *src, int32_t srcLength,
    351              const char *locale,
    352              UErrorCode *pErrorCode) {
    353     UCaseMap csm={ NULL };
    354     UCaseContext csc={ NULL };
    355 
    356     csm.csp=csp;
    357     setTempCaseMap(&csm, locale, pErrorCode);
    358     csc.p=(void *)src;
    359     csc.limit=srcLength;
    360 
    361     return _caseMap(&csm, ucase_toFullLower,
    362                     dest, destCapacity,
    363                     src, &csc, 0, srcLength,
    364                     pErrorCode);
    365 }
    366 
    367 U_CFUNC int32_t
    368 ustr_toUpper(const UCaseProps *csp,
    369              UChar *dest, int32_t destCapacity,
    370              const UChar *src, int32_t srcLength,
    371              const char *locale,
    372              UErrorCode *pErrorCode) {
    373     UCaseMap csm={ NULL };
    374     UCaseContext csc={ NULL };
    375 
    376     csm.csp=csp;
    377     setTempCaseMap(&csm, locale, pErrorCode);
    378     csc.p=(void *)src;
    379     csc.limit=srcLength;
    380 
    381     return _caseMap(&csm, ucase_toFullUpper,
    382                     dest, destCapacity,
    383                     src, &csc, 0, srcLength,
    384                     pErrorCode);
    385 }
    386 
    387 #if !UCONFIG_NO_BREAK_ITERATION
    388 
    389 U_CFUNC int32_t
    390 ustr_toTitle(const UCaseProps *csp,
    391              UChar *dest, int32_t destCapacity,
    392              const UChar *src, int32_t srcLength,
    393              UBreakIterator *titleIter,
    394              const char *locale, uint32_t options,
    395              UErrorCode *pErrorCode) {
    396     UCaseMap csm={ NULL };
    397     UCaseContext csc={ NULL };
    398     int32_t length;
    399 
    400     csm.csp=csp;
    401     csm.iter=titleIter;
    402     csm.options=options;
    403     setTempCaseMap(&csm, locale, pErrorCode);
    404     csc.p=(void *)src;
    405     csc.limit=srcLength;
    406 
    407     length=_toTitle(&csm,
    408                     dest, destCapacity,
    409                     src, &csc, srcLength,
    410                     pErrorCode);
    411     if(titleIter==NULL && csm.iter!=NULL) {
    412         ubrk_close(csm.iter);
    413     }
    414     return length;
    415 }
    416 
    417 #endif
    418 
    419 U_CFUNC int32_t
    420 ustr_foldCase(const UCaseProps *csp,
    421               UChar *dest, int32_t destCapacity,
    422               const UChar *src, int32_t srcLength,
    423               uint32_t options,
    424               UErrorCode *pErrorCode) {
    425     int32_t srcIndex, destIndex;
    426 
    427     const UChar *s;
    428     UChar32 c, c2 = 0;
    429 
    430     /* case mapping loop */
    431     srcIndex=destIndex=0;
    432     while(srcIndex<srcLength) {
    433         U16_NEXT(src, srcIndex, srcLength, c);
    434         c=ucase_toFullFolding(csp, c, &s, options);
    435         if((destIndex<destCapacity) && (c<0 ? (c2=~c)<=0xffff : UCASE_MAX_STRING_LENGTH<c && (c2=c)<=0xffff)) {
    436             /* fast path version of appendResult() for BMP results */
    437             dest[destIndex++]=(UChar)c2;
    438         } else {
    439             destIndex=appendResult(dest, destIndex, destCapacity, c, s);
    440         }
    441     }
    442 
    443     if(destIndex>destCapacity) {
    444         *pErrorCode=U_BUFFER_OVERFLOW_ERROR;
    445     }
    446     return destIndex;
    447 }
    448 
    449 /*
    450  * Implement argument checking and buffer handling
    451  * for string case mapping as a common function.
    452  */
    453 
    454 /* common internal function for public API functions */
    455 
    456 static int32_t
    457 caseMap(const UCaseMap *csm,
    458         UChar *dest, int32_t destCapacity,
    459         const UChar *src, int32_t srcLength,
    460         int32_t toWhichCase,
    461         UErrorCode *pErrorCode) {
    462     UChar buffer[300];
    463     UChar *temp;
    464 
    465     int32_t destLength;
    466 
    467     /* check argument values */
    468     if(pErrorCode==NULL || U_FAILURE(*pErrorCode)) {
    469         return 0;
    470     }
    471     if( destCapacity<0 ||
    472         (dest==NULL && destCapacity>0) ||
    473         src==NULL ||
    474         srcLength<-1
    475     ) {
    476         *pErrorCode=U_ILLEGAL_ARGUMENT_ERROR;
    477         return 0;
    478     }
    479 
    480     /* get the string length */
    481     if(srcLength==-1) {
    482         srcLength=u_strlen(src);
    483     }
    484 
    485     /* check for overlapping source and destination */
    486     if( dest!=NULL &&
    487         ((src>=dest && src<(dest+destCapacity)) ||
    488          (dest>=src && dest<(src+srcLength)))
    489     ) {
    490         /* overlap: provide a temporary destination buffer and later copy the result */
    491         if(destCapacity<=(sizeof(buffer)/U_SIZEOF_UCHAR)) {
    492             /* the stack buffer is large enough */
    493             temp=buffer;
    494         } else {
    495             /* allocate a buffer */
    496             temp=(UChar *)uprv_malloc(destCapacity*U_SIZEOF_UCHAR);
    497             if(temp==NULL) {
    498                 *pErrorCode=U_MEMORY_ALLOCATION_ERROR;
    499                 return 0;
    500             }
    501         }
    502     } else {
    503         temp=dest;
    504     }
    505 
    506     destLength=0;
    507 
    508     if(toWhichCase==FOLD_CASE) {
    509         destLength=ustr_foldCase(csm->csp, temp, destCapacity, src, srcLength,
    510                                  csm->options, pErrorCode);
    511     } else {
    512         UCaseContext csc={ NULL };
    513 
    514         csc.p=(void *)src;
    515         csc.limit=srcLength;
    516 
    517         if(toWhichCase==TO_LOWER) {
    518             destLength=_caseMap(csm, ucase_toFullLower,
    519                                 temp, destCapacity,
    520                                 src, &csc,
    521                                 0, srcLength,
    522                                 pErrorCode);
    523         } else if(toWhichCase==TO_UPPER) {
    524             destLength=_caseMap(csm, ucase_toFullUpper,
    525                                 temp, destCapacity,
    526                                 src, &csc,
    527                                 0, srcLength,
    528                                 pErrorCode);
    529         } else /* if(toWhichCase==TO_TITLE) */ {
    530 #if UCONFIG_NO_BREAK_ITERATION
    531             *pErrorCode=U_UNSUPPORTED_ERROR;
    532 #else
    533             /* UCaseMap is actually non-const in toTitle() APIs. */
    534             destLength=_toTitle((UCaseMap *)csm, temp, destCapacity,
    535                                 src, &csc, srcLength,
    536                                 pErrorCode);
    537 #endif
    538         }
    539     }
    540     if(temp!=dest) {
    541         /* copy the result string to the destination buffer */
    542         if(destLength>0) {
    543             int32_t copyLength= destLength<=destCapacity ? destLength : destCapacity;
    544             if(copyLength>0) {
    545                 uprv_memmove(dest, temp, copyLength*U_SIZEOF_UCHAR);
    546             }
    547         }
    548         if(temp!=buffer) {
    549             uprv_free(temp);
    550         }
    551     }
    552 
    553     return u_terminateUChars(dest, destCapacity, destLength, pErrorCode);
    554 }
    555 
    556 /* public API functions */
    557 
    558 U_CAPI int32_t U_EXPORT2
    559 u_strToLower(UChar *dest, int32_t destCapacity,
    560              const UChar *src, int32_t srcLength,
    561              const char *locale,
    562              UErrorCode *pErrorCode) {
    563     UCaseMap csm={ NULL };
    564     setTempCaseMap(&csm, locale, pErrorCode);
    565     return caseMap(&csm,
    566                    dest, destCapacity,
    567                    src, srcLength,
    568                    TO_LOWER, pErrorCode);
    569 }
    570 
    571 U_CAPI int32_t U_EXPORT2
    572 u_strToUpper(UChar *dest, int32_t destCapacity,
    573              const UChar *src, int32_t srcLength,
    574              const char *locale,
    575              UErrorCode *pErrorCode) {
    576     UCaseMap csm={ NULL };
    577     setTempCaseMap(&csm, locale, pErrorCode);
    578     return caseMap(&csm,
    579                    dest, destCapacity,
    580                    src, srcLength,
    581                    TO_UPPER, pErrorCode);
    582 }
    583 
    584 #if !UCONFIG_NO_BREAK_ITERATION
    585 
    586 U_CAPI int32_t U_EXPORT2
    587 u_strToTitle(UChar *dest, int32_t destCapacity,
    588              const UChar *src, int32_t srcLength,
    589              UBreakIterator *titleIter,
    590              const char *locale,
    591              UErrorCode *pErrorCode) {
    592     UCaseMap csm={ NULL };
    593     int32_t length;
    594 
    595     csm.iter=titleIter;
    596     setTempCaseMap(&csm, locale, pErrorCode);
    597     length=caseMap(&csm,
    598                    dest, destCapacity,
    599                    src, srcLength,
    600                    TO_TITLE, pErrorCode);
    601     if(titleIter==NULL && csm.iter!=NULL) {
    602         ubrk_close(csm.iter);
    603     }
    604     return length;
    605 }
    606 
    607 U_CAPI int32_t U_EXPORT2
    608 ucasemap_toTitle(UCaseMap *csm,
    609                  UChar *dest, int32_t destCapacity,
    610                  const UChar *src, int32_t srcLength,
    611                  UErrorCode *pErrorCode) {
    612     return caseMap(csm,
    613                    dest, destCapacity,
    614                    src, srcLength,
    615                    TO_TITLE, pErrorCode);
    616 }
    617 
    618 #endif
    619 
    620 U_CAPI int32_t U_EXPORT2
    621 u_strFoldCase(UChar *dest, int32_t destCapacity,
    622               const UChar *src, int32_t srcLength,
    623               uint32_t options,
    624               UErrorCode *pErrorCode) {
    625     UCaseMap csm={ NULL };
    626     csm.csp=ucase_getSingleton(pErrorCode);
    627     csm.options=options;
    628     return caseMap(&csm,
    629                    dest, destCapacity,
    630                    src, srcLength,
    631                    FOLD_CASE, pErrorCode);
    632 }
    633 
    634 /* case-insensitive string comparisons -------------------------------------- */
    635 
    636 /*
    637  * This function is a copy of unorm_cmpEquivFold() minus the parts for
    638  * canonical equivalence.
    639  * Keep the functions in sync, and see there for how this works.
    640  * The duplication is for modularization:
    641  * It makes caseless (but not canonical caseless) matches independent of
    642  * the normalization code.
    643  */
    644 
    645 /* stack element for previous-level source/decomposition pointers */
    646 struct CmpEquivLevel {
    647     const UChar *start, *s, *limit;
    648 };
    649 typedef struct CmpEquivLevel CmpEquivLevel;
    650 
    651 /* internal function */
    652 U_CFUNC int32_t
    653 u_strcmpFold(const UChar *s1, int32_t length1,
    654              const UChar *s2, int32_t length2,
    655              uint32_t options,
    656              UErrorCode *pErrorCode) {
    657     const UCaseProps *csp;
    658 
    659     /* current-level start/limit - s1/s2 as current */
    660     const UChar *start1, *start2, *limit1, *limit2;
    661 
    662     /* case folding variables */
    663     const UChar *p;
    664     int32_t length;
    665 
    666     /* stacks of previous-level start/current/limit */
    667     CmpEquivLevel stack1[2], stack2[2];
    668 
    669     /* case folding buffers, only use current-level start/limit */
    670     UChar fold1[UCASE_MAX_STRING_LENGTH+1], fold2[UCASE_MAX_STRING_LENGTH+1];
    671 
    672     /* track which is the current level per string */
    673     int32_t level1, level2;
    674 
    675     /* current code units, and code points for lookups */
    676     UChar32 c1, c2, cp1, cp2;
    677 
    678     /* no argument error checking because this itself is not an API */
    679 
    680     /*
    681      * assume that at least the option U_COMPARE_IGNORE_CASE is set
    682      * otherwise this function would have to behave exactly as uprv_strCompare()
    683      */
    684     csp=ucase_getSingleton(pErrorCode);
    685     if(U_FAILURE(*pErrorCode)) {
    686         return 0;
    687     }
    688 
    689     /* initialize */
    690     start1=s1;
    691     if(length1==-1) {
    692         limit1=NULL;
    693     } else {
    694         limit1=s1+length1;
    695     }
    696 
    697     start2=s2;
    698     if(length2==-1) {
    699         limit2=NULL;
    700     } else {
    701         limit2=s2+length2;
    702     }
    703 
    704     level1=level2=0;
    705     c1=c2=-1;
    706 
    707     /* comparison loop */
    708     for(;;) {
    709         /*
    710          * here a code unit value of -1 means "get another code unit"
    711          * below it will mean "this source is finished"
    712          */
    713 
    714         if(c1<0) {
    715             /* get next code unit from string 1, post-increment */
    716             for(;;) {
    717                 if(s1==limit1 || ((c1=*s1)==0 && (limit1==NULL || (options&_STRNCMP_STYLE)))) {
    718                     if(level1==0) {
    719                         c1=-1;
    720                         break;
    721                     }
    722                 } else {
    723                     ++s1;
    724                     break;
    725                 }
    726 
    727                 /* reached end of level buffer, pop one level */
    728                 do {
    729                     --level1;
    730                     start1=stack1[level1].start;
    731                 } while(start1==NULL);
    732                 s1=stack1[level1].s;
    733                 limit1=stack1[level1].limit;
    734             }
    735         }
    736 
    737         if(c2<0) {
    738             /* get next code unit from string 2, post-increment */
    739             for(;;) {
    740                 if(s2==limit2 || ((c2=*s2)==0 && (limit2==NULL || (options&_STRNCMP_STYLE)))) {
    741                     if(level2==0) {
    742                         c2=-1;
    743                         break;
    744                     }
    745                 } else {
    746                     ++s2;
    747                     break;
    748                 }
    749 
    750                 /* reached end of level buffer, pop one level */
    751                 do {
    752                     --level2;
    753                     start2=stack2[level2].start;
    754                 } while(start2==NULL);
    755                 s2=stack2[level2].s;
    756                 limit2=stack2[level2].limit;
    757             }
    758         }
    759 
    760         /*
    761          * compare c1 and c2
    762          * either variable c1, c2 is -1 only if the corresponding string is finished
    763          */
    764         if(c1==c2) {
    765             if(c1<0) {
    766                 return 0;   /* c1==c2==-1 indicating end of strings */
    767             }
    768             c1=c2=-1;       /* make us fetch new code units */
    769             continue;
    770         } else if(c1<0) {
    771             return -1;      /* string 1 ends before string 2 */
    772         } else if(c2<0) {
    773             return 1;       /* string 2 ends before string 1 */
    774         }
    775         /* c1!=c2 && c1>=0 && c2>=0 */
    776 
    777         /* get complete code points for c1, c2 for lookups if either is a surrogate */
    778         cp1=c1;
    779         if(U_IS_SURROGATE(c1)) {
    780             UChar c;
    781 
    782             if(U_IS_SURROGATE_LEAD(c1)) {
    783                 if(s1!=limit1 && U16_IS_TRAIL(c=*s1)) {
    784                     /* advance ++s1; only below if cp1 decomposes/case-folds */
    785                     cp1=U16_GET_SUPPLEMENTARY(c1, c);
    786                 }
    787             } else /* isTrail(c1) */ {
    788                 if(start1<=(s1-2) && U16_IS_LEAD(c=*(s1-2))) {
    789                     cp1=U16_GET_SUPPLEMENTARY(c, c1);
    790                 }
    791             }
    792         }
    793 
    794         cp2=c2;
    795         if(U_IS_SURROGATE(c2)) {
    796             UChar c;
    797 
    798             if(U_IS_SURROGATE_LEAD(c2)) {
    799                 if(s2!=limit2 && U16_IS_TRAIL(c=*s2)) {
    800                     /* advance ++s2; only below if cp2 decomposes/case-folds */
    801                     cp2=U16_GET_SUPPLEMENTARY(c2, c);
    802                 }
    803             } else /* isTrail(c2) */ {
    804                 if(start2<=(s2-2) && U16_IS_LEAD(c=*(s2-2))) {
    805                     cp2=U16_GET_SUPPLEMENTARY(c, c2);
    806                 }
    807             }
    808         }
    809 
    810         /*
    811          * go down one level for each string
    812          * continue with the main loop as soon as there is a real change
    813          */
    814 
    815         if( level1==0 &&
    816             (length=ucase_toFullFolding(csp, (UChar32)cp1, &p, options))>=0
    817         ) {
    818             /* cp1 case-folds to the code point "length" or to p[length] */
    819             if(U_IS_SURROGATE(c1)) {
    820                 if(U_IS_SURROGATE_LEAD(c1)) {
    821                     /* advance beyond source surrogate pair if it case-folds */
    822                     ++s1;
    823                 } else /* isTrail(c1) */ {
    824                     /*
    825                      * we got a supplementary code point when hitting its trail surrogate,
    826                      * therefore the lead surrogate must have been the same as in the other string;
    827                      * compare this decomposition with the lead surrogate in the other string
    828                      * remember that this simulates bulk text replacement:
    829                      * the decomposition would replace the entire code point
    830                      */
    831                     --s2;
    832                     c2=*(s2-1);
    833                 }
    834             }
    835 
    836             /* push current level pointers */
    837             stack1[0].start=start1;
    838             stack1[0].s=s1;
    839             stack1[0].limit=limit1;
    840             ++level1;
    841 
    842             /* copy the folding result to fold1[] */
    843             if(length<=UCASE_MAX_STRING_LENGTH) {
    844                 u_memcpy(fold1, p, length);
    845             } else {
    846                 int32_t i=0;
    847                 U16_APPEND_UNSAFE(fold1, i, length);
    848                 length=i;
    849             }
    850 
    851             /* set next level pointers to case folding */
    852             start1=s1=fold1;
    853             limit1=fold1+length;
    854 
    855             /* get ready to read from decomposition, continue with loop */
    856             c1=-1;
    857             continue;
    858         }
    859 
    860         if( level2==0 &&
    861             (length=ucase_toFullFolding(csp, (UChar32)cp2, &p, options))>=0
    862         ) {
    863             /* cp2 case-folds to the code point "length" or to p[length] */
    864             if(U_IS_SURROGATE(c2)) {
    865                 if(U_IS_SURROGATE_LEAD(c2)) {
    866                     /* advance beyond source surrogate pair if it case-folds */
    867                     ++s2;
    868                 } else /* isTrail(c2) */ {
    869                     /*
    870                      * we got a supplementary code point when hitting its trail surrogate,
    871                      * therefore the lead surrogate must have been the same as in the other string;
    872                      * compare this decomposition with the lead surrogate in the other string
    873                      * remember that this simulates bulk text replacement:
    874                      * the decomposition would replace the entire code point
    875                      */
    876                     --s1;
    877                     c1=*(s1-1);
    878                 }
    879             }
    880 
    881             /* push current level pointers */
    882             stack2[0].start=start2;
    883             stack2[0].s=s2;
    884             stack2[0].limit=limit2;
    885             ++level2;
    886 
    887             /* copy the folding result to fold2[] */
    888             if(length<=UCASE_MAX_STRING_LENGTH) {
    889                 u_memcpy(fold2, p, length);
    890             } else {
    891                 int32_t i=0;
    892                 U16_APPEND_UNSAFE(fold2, i, length);
    893                 length=i;
    894             }
    895 
    896             /* set next level pointers to case folding */
    897             start2=s2=fold2;
    898             limit2=fold2+length;
    899 
    900             /* get ready to read from decomposition, continue with loop */
    901             c2=-1;
    902             continue;
    903         }
    904 
    905         /*
    906          * no decomposition/case folding, max level for both sides:
    907          * return difference result
    908          *
    909          * code point order comparison must not just return cp1-cp2
    910          * because when single surrogates are present then the surrogate pairs
    911          * that formed cp1 and cp2 may be from different string indexes
    912          *
    913          * example: { d800 d800 dc01 } vs. { d800 dc00 }, compare at second code units
    914          * c1=d800 cp1=10001 c2=dc00 cp2=10000
    915          * cp1-cp2>0 but c1-c2<0 and in fact in UTF-32 it is { d800 10001 } < { 10000 }
    916          *
    917          * therefore, use same fix-up as in ustring.c/uprv_strCompare()
    918          * except: uprv_strCompare() fetches c=*s while this functions fetches c=*s++
    919          * so we have slightly different pointer/start/limit comparisons here
    920          */
    921 
    922         if(c1>=0xd800 && c2>=0xd800 && (options&U_COMPARE_CODE_POINT_ORDER)) {
    923             /* subtract 0x2800 from BMP code points to make them smaller than supplementary ones */
    924             if(
    925                 (c1<=0xdbff && s1!=limit1 && U16_IS_TRAIL(*s1)) ||
    926                 (U16_IS_TRAIL(c1) && start1!=(s1-1) && U16_IS_LEAD(*(s1-2)))
    927             ) {
    928                 /* part of a surrogate pair, leave >=d800 */
    929             } else {
    930                 /* BMP code point - may be surrogate code point - make <d800 */
    931                 c1-=0x2800;
    932             }
    933 
    934             if(
    935                 (c2<=0xdbff && s2!=limit2 && U16_IS_TRAIL(*s2)) ||
    936                 (U16_IS_TRAIL(c2) && start2!=(s2-1) && U16_IS_LEAD(*(s2-2)))
    937             ) {
    938                 /* part of a surrogate pair, leave >=d800 */
    939             } else {
    940                 /* BMP code point - may be surrogate code point - make <d800 */
    941                 c2-=0x2800;
    942             }
    943         }
    944 
    945         return c1-c2;
    946     }
    947 }
    948 
    949 /* public API functions */
    950 
    951 U_CAPI int32_t U_EXPORT2
    952 u_strCaseCompare(const UChar *s1, int32_t length1,
    953                  const UChar *s2, int32_t length2,
    954                  uint32_t options,
    955                  UErrorCode *pErrorCode) {
    956     /* argument checking */
    957     if(pErrorCode==0 || U_FAILURE(*pErrorCode)) {
    958         return 0;
    959     }
    960     if(s1==NULL || length1<-1 || s2==NULL || length2<-1) {
    961         *pErrorCode=U_ILLEGAL_ARGUMENT_ERROR;
    962         return 0;
    963     }
    964     return u_strcmpFold(s1, length1, s2, length2,
    965                         options|U_COMPARE_IGNORE_CASE,
    966                         pErrorCode);
    967 }
    968 
    969 U_CAPI int32_t U_EXPORT2
    970 u_strcasecmp(const UChar *s1, const UChar *s2, uint32_t options) {
    971     UErrorCode errorCode=U_ZERO_ERROR;
    972     return u_strcmpFold(s1, -1, s2, -1,
    973                         options|U_COMPARE_IGNORE_CASE,
    974                         &errorCode);
    975 }
    976 
    977 U_CAPI int32_t U_EXPORT2
    978 u_memcasecmp(const UChar *s1, const UChar *s2, int32_t length, uint32_t options) {
    979     UErrorCode errorCode=U_ZERO_ERROR;
    980     return u_strcmpFold(s1, length, s2, length,
    981                         options|U_COMPARE_IGNORE_CASE,
    982                         &errorCode);
    983 }
    984 
    985 U_CAPI int32_t U_EXPORT2
    986 u_strncasecmp(const UChar *s1, const UChar *s2, int32_t n, uint32_t options) {
    987     UErrorCode errorCode=U_ZERO_ERROR;
    988     return u_strcmpFold(s1, n, s2, n,
    989                         options|(U_COMPARE_IGNORE_CASE|_STRNCMP_STYLE),
    990                         &errorCode);
    991 }
    992