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      1 # <pre>
      2 # @(#)northamerica	8.28
      3 # This file is in the public domain, so clarified as of
      4 # 2009-05-17 by Arthur David Olson.
      5 
      6 # also includes Central America and the Caribbean
      7 
      8 # This data is by no means authoritative; if you think you know better,
      9 # go ahead and edit the file (and please send any changes to
     10 # tz (a] elsie.nci.nih.gov for general use in the future).
     11 
     12 # From Paul Eggert (1999-03-22):
     13 # A reliable and entertaining source about time zones is
     14 # Derek Howse, Greenwich time and longitude, Philip Wilson Publishers (1997).
     15 
     16 ###############################################################################
     17 
     18 # United States
     19 
     20 # From Paul Eggert (1999-03-31):
     21 # Howse writes (pp 121-125) that time zones were invented by
     22 # Professor Charles Ferdinand Dowd (1825-1904),
     23 # Principal of Temple Grove Ladies' Seminary (Saratoga Springs, NY).
     24 # His pamphlet ``A System of National Time for Railroads'' (1870)
     25 # was the result of his proposals at the Convention of Railroad Trunk Lines
     26 # in New York City (1869-10).  His 1870 proposal was based on Washington, DC,
     27 # but in 1872-05 he moved the proposed origin to Greenwich.
     28 # His proposal was adopted by the railroads on 1883-11-18 at 12:00,
     29 # and the most of the country soon followed suit.
     30 
     31 # From Paul Eggert (2005-04-16):
     32 # That 1883 transition occurred at 12:00 new time, not at 12:00 old time.
     33 # See p 46 of David Prerau, Seize the daylight, Thunder's Mouth Press (2005).
     34 
     35 # From Paul Eggert (2006-03-22):
     36 # A good source for time zone historical data in the US is
     37 # Thomas G. Shanks, The American Atlas (5th edition),
     38 # San Diego: ACS Publications, Inc. (1991).
     39 # Make sure you have the errata sheet; the book is somewhat useless without it.
     40 # It is the source for most of the pre-1991 US entries below.
     41 
     42 # From Paul Eggert (2001-03-06):
     43 # Daylight Saving Time was first suggested as a joke by Benjamin Franklin
     44 # in his whimsical essay ``An Economical Project for Diminishing the Cost
     45 # of Light'' published in the Journal de Paris (1784-04-26).
     46 # Not everyone is happy with the results:
     47 #
     48 #	I don't really care how time is reckoned so long as there is some
     49 #	agreement about it, but I object to being told that I am saving
     50 #	daylight when my reason tells me that I am doing nothing of the kind.
     51 #	I even object to the implication that I am wasting something
     52 #	valuable if I stay in bed after the sun has risen.  As an admirer
     53 #	of moonlight I resent the bossy insistence of those who want to
     54 #	reduce my time for enjoying it.  At the back of the Daylight Saving
     55 #	scheme I detect the bony, blue-fingered hand of Puritanism, eager
     56 #	to push people into bed earlier, and get them up earlier, to make
     57 #	them healthy, wealthy and wise in spite of themselves.
     58 #
     59 #	-- Robertson Davies, The diary of Samuel Marchbanks,
     60 #	   Clarke, Irwin (1947), XIX, Sunday
     61 #
     62 # For more about the first ten years of DST in the United States, see
     63 # Robert Garland's <a href="http://www.clpgh.org/exhibit/dst.html">
     64 # Ten years of daylight saving from the Pittsburgh standpoint
     65 # (Carnegie Library of Pittsburgh, 1927)</a>.
     66 #
     67 # Shanks says that DST was called "War Time" in the US in 1918 and 1919.
     68 # However, DST was imposed by the Standard Time Act of 1918, which
     69 # was the first nationwide legal time standard, and apparently
     70 # time was just called "Standard Time" or "Daylight Saving Time".
     71 
     72 # From Arthur David Olson:
     73 # US Daylight Saving Time ended on the last Sunday of *October* in 1974.
     74 # See, for example, the front page of the Saturday, 1974-10-26
     75 # and Sunday, 1974-10-27 editions of the Washington Post.
     76 
     77 # From Arthur David Olson:
     78 # Before the Uniform Time Act of 1966 took effect in 1967, observance of
     79 # Daylight Saving Time in the US was by local option, except during wartime.
     80 
     81 # From Arthur David Olson (2000-09-25):
     82 # Last night I heard part of a rebroadcast of a 1945 Arch Oboler radio drama.
     83 # In the introduction, Oboler spoke of "Eastern Peace Time."
     84 # An AltaVista search turned up
     85 # <a href="http://rowayton.org/rhs/hstaug45.html">:
     86 # "When the time is announced over the radio now, it is 'Eastern Peace
     87 # Time' instead of the old familiar 'Eastern War Time.'  Peace is wonderful."
     88 # </a> (August 1945) by way of confirmation.
     89 
     90 # From Joseph Gallant citing
     91 # George H. Douglas, _The Early Days of Radio Broadcasting_ (1987):
     92 # At 7 P.M. (Eastern War Time) [on 1945-08-14], the networks were set
     93 # to switch to London for Attlee's address, but the American people
     94 # never got to hear his speech live. According to one press account,
     95 # CBS' Bob Trout was first to announce the word of Japan's surrender,
     96 # but a few seconds later, NBC, ABC and Mutual also flashed the word
     97 # of surrender, all of whom interrupting the bells of Big Ben in
     98 # London which were to precede Mr. Attlee's speech.
     99 
    100 # From Paul Eggert (2003-02-09): It was Robert St John, not Bob Trout.  From
    101 # Myrna Oliver's obituary of St John on page B16 of today's Los Angeles Times:
    102 #
    103 # ... a war-weary U.S. clung to radios, awaiting word of Japan's surrender.
    104 # Any announcement from Asia would reach St. John's New York newsroom on a
    105 # wire service teletype machine, which had prescribed signals for major news.
    106 # Associated Press, for example, would ring five bells before spewing out
    107 # typed copy of an important story, and 10 bells for news "of transcendental
    108 # importance."
    109 #
    110 # On Aug. 14, stalling while talking steadily into the NBC networks' open
    111 # microphone, St. John heard five bells and waited only to hear a sixth bell,
    112 # before announcing confidently: "Ladies and gentlemen, World War II is over.
    113 # The Japanese have agreed to our surrender terms."
    114 #
    115 # He had scored a 20-second scoop on other broadcasters.
    116 
    117 # From Arthur David Olson (2005-08-22):
    118 # Paul has been careful to use the "US" rules only in those locations
    119 # that are part of the United States; this reflects the real scope of
    120 # U.S. government action.  So even though the "US" rules have changed
    121 # in the latest release, other countries won't be affected.
    122 
    123 # Rule	NAME	FROM	TO	TYPE	IN	ON	AT	SAVE	LETTER/S
    124 Rule	US	1918	1919	-	Mar	lastSun	2:00	1:00	D
    125 Rule	US	1918	1919	-	Oct	lastSun	2:00	0	S
    126 Rule	US	1942	only	-	Feb	9	2:00	1:00	W # War
    127 Rule	US	1945	only	-	Aug	14	23:00u	1:00	P # Peace
    128 Rule	US	1945	only	-	Sep	30	2:00	0	S
    129 Rule	US	1967	2006	-	Oct	lastSun	2:00	0	S
    130 Rule	US	1967	1973	-	Apr	lastSun	2:00	1:00	D
    131 Rule	US	1974	only	-	Jan	6	2:00	1:00	D
    132 Rule	US	1975	only	-	Feb	23	2:00	1:00	D
    133 Rule	US	1976	1986	-	Apr	lastSun	2:00	1:00	D
    134 Rule	US	1987	2006	-	Apr	Sun>=1	2:00	1:00	D
    135 Rule	US	2007	max	-	Mar	Sun>=8	2:00	1:00	D
    136 Rule	US	2007	max	-	Nov	Sun>=1	2:00	0	S
    137 
    138 # From Arthur David Olson, 2005-12-19
    139 # We generate the files specified below to guard against old files with
    140 # obsolete information being left in the time zone binary directory.
    141 # We limit the list to names that have appeared in previous versions of
    142 # this time zone package.
    143 # We do these as separate Zones rather than as Links to avoid problems if
    144 # a particular place changes whether it observes DST.
    145 # We put these specifications here in the northamerica file both to
    146 # increase the chances that they'll actually get compiled and to
    147 # avoid the need to duplicate the US rules in another file.
    148 
    149 # Zone	NAME		GMTOFF	RULES	FORMAT	[UNTIL]
    150 Zone	EST		 -5:00	-	EST
    151 Zone	MST		 -7:00	-	MST
    152 Zone	HST		-10:00	-	HST
    153 Zone	EST5EDT		 -5:00	US	E%sT
    154 Zone	CST6CDT		 -6:00	US	C%sT
    155 Zone	MST7MDT		 -7:00	US	M%sT
    156 Zone	PST8PDT		 -8:00	US	P%sT
    157 
    158 # From Bob Devine (1988-01-28):
    159 # ...Alaska (and Hawaii) had the timezone names changed in 1967.
    160 #    old			 new
    161 #    Pacific Standard Time(PST)  -same-
    162 #    Yukon Standard Time(YST)    -same-
    163 #    Central Alaska S.T. (CAT)   Alaska-Hawaii St[an]dard Time (AHST)
    164 #    Nome Standard Time (NT)     Bering Standard Time (BST)
    165 #
    166 # ...Alaska's timezone lines were redrawn in 1983 to give only 2 tz.
    167 #    The YST zone now covers nearly all of the state, AHST just part
    168 #    of the Aleutian islands.   No DST.
    169 
    170 # From Paul Eggert (1995-12-19):
    171 # The tables below use `NST', not `NT', for Nome Standard Time.
    172 # I invented `CAWT' for Central Alaska War Time.
    173 
    174 # From U. S. Naval Observatory (1989-01-19):
    175 # USA  EASTERN       5 H  BEHIND UTC    NEW YORK, WASHINGTON
    176 # USA  EASTERN       4 H  BEHIND UTC    APR 3 - OCT 30
    177 # USA  CENTRAL       6 H  BEHIND UTC    CHICAGO, HOUSTON
    178 # USA  CENTRAL       5 H  BEHIND UTC    APR 3 - OCT 30
    179 # USA  MOUNTAIN      7 H  BEHIND UTC    DENVER
    180 # USA  MOUNTAIN      6 H  BEHIND UTC    APR 3 - OCT 30
    181 # USA  PACIFIC       8 H  BEHIND UTC    L.A., SAN FRANCISCO
    182 # USA  PACIFIC       7 H  BEHIND UTC    APR 3 - OCT 30
    183 # USA  ALASKA STD    9 H  BEHIND UTC    MOST OF ALASKA     (AKST)
    184 # USA  ALASKA STD    8 H  BEHIND UTC    APR 3 - OCT 30 (AKDT)
    185 # USA  ALEUTIAN     10 H  BEHIND UTC    ISLANDS WEST OF 170W
    186 # USA  - " -         9 H  BEHIND UTC    APR 3 - OCT 30
    187 # USA  HAWAII       10 H  BEHIND UTC
    188 # USA  BERING       11 H  BEHIND UTC    SAMOA, MIDWAY
    189 
    190 # From Arthur David Olson (1989-01-21):
    191 # The above dates are for 1988.
    192 # Note the "AKST" and "AKDT" abbreviations, the claim that there's
    193 # no DST in Samoa, and the claim that there is DST in Alaska and the
    194 # Aleutians.
    195 
    196 # From Arthur David Olson (1988-02-13):
    197 # Legal standard time zone names, from United States Code (1982 Edition and
    198 # Supplement III), Title 15, Chapter 6, Section 260 and forward.  First, names
    199 # up to 1967-04-01 (when most provisions of the Uniform Time Act of 1966
    200 # took effect), as explained in sections 263 and 261:
    201 #	(none)
    202 #	United States standard eastern time
    203 #	United States standard mountain time
    204 #	United States standard central time
    205 #	United States standard Pacific time
    206 #	(none)
    207 #	United States standard Alaska time
    208 #	(none)
    209 # Next, names from 1967-04-01 until 1983-11-30 (the date for
    210 # public law 98-181):
    211 #	Atlantic standard time
    212 #	eastern standard time
    213 #	central standard time
    214 #	mountain standard time
    215 #	Pacific standard time
    216 #	Yukon standard time
    217 #	Alaska-Hawaii standard time
    218 #	Bering standard time
    219 # And after 1983-11-30:
    220 #	Atlantic standard time
    221 #	eastern standard time
    222 #	central standard time
    223 #	mountain standard time
    224 #	Pacific standard time
    225 #	Alaska standard time
    226 #	Hawaii-Aleutian standard time
    227 #	Samoa standard time
    228 # The law doesn't give abbreviations.
    229 #
    230 # From Paul Eggert (2000-01-08), following a heads-up from Rives McDow:
    231 # Public law 106-564 (2000-12-23) introduced the abbreviation
    232 # "Chamorro Standard Time" for time in Guam and the Northern Marianas.
    233 # See the file "australasia".
    234 
    235 # From Arthur David Olson, 2005-08-09
    236 # The following was signed into law on 2005-08-08.
    237 #
    238 # H.R. 6, Energy Policy Act of 2005, SEC. 110. DAYLIGHT SAVINGS.
    239 #   (a) Amendment- Section 3(a) of the Uniform Time Act of 1966 (15
    240 #   U.S.C. 260a(a)) is amended--
    241 #     (1) by striking `first Sunday of April' and inserting `second
    242 #     Sunday of March'; and
    243 #     (2) by striking `last Sunday of October' and inserting `first
    244 #     Sunday of November'.
    245 #   (b) Effective Date- Subsection (a) shall take effect 1 year after the
    246 #   date of enactment of this Act or March 1, 2007, whichever is later.
    247 #   (c) Report to Congress- Not later than 9 months after the effective
    248 #   date stated in subsection (b), the Secretary shall report to Congress
    249 #   on the impact of this section on energy consumption in the United
    250 #   States.
    251 #   (d) Right to Revert- Congress retains the right to revert the
    252 #   Daylight Saving Time back to the 2005 time schedules once the
    253 #   Department study is complete.
    254 
    255 # US eastern time, represented by New York
    256 
    257 # Connecticut, Delaware, District of Columbia, most of Florida,
    258 # Georgia, southeast Indiana (Dearborn and Ohio counties), eastern Kentucky
    259 # (except America/Kentucky/Louisville below), Maine, Maryland, Massachusetts,
    260 # New Hampshire, New Jersey, New York, North Carolina, Ohio,
    261 # Pennsylvania, Rhode Island, South Carolina, eastern Tennessee,
    262 # Vermont, Virginia, West Virginia
    263 
    264 # From Dave Cantor (2004-11-02):
    265 # Early this summer I had the occasion to visit the Mount Washington
    266 # Observatory weather station atop (of course!) Mount Washington [, NH]....
    267 # One of the staff members said that the station was on Eastern Standard Time
    268 # and didn't change their clocks for Daylight Saving ... so that their
    269 # reports will always have times which are 5 hours behind UTC.
    270 
    271 # From Paul Eggert (2005-08-26):
    272 # According to today's Huntsville Times
    273 # <http://www.al.com/news/huntsvilletimes/index.ssf?/base/news/1125047783228320.xml&coll=1>
    274 # a few towns on Alabama's "eastern border with Georgia, such as Phenix City
    275 # in Russell County, Lanett in Chambers County and some towns in Lee County,
    276 # set their watches and clocks on Eastern time."  It quotes H.H. "Bubba"
    277 # Roberts, city administrator in Phenix City. as saying "We are in the Central
    278 # time zone, but we do go by the Eastern time zone because so many people work
    279 # in Columbus."
    280 
    281 # Rule	NAME	FROM	TO	TYPE	IN	ON	AT	SAVE	LETTER
    282 Rule	NYC	1920	only	-	Mar	lastSun	2:00	1:00	D
    283 Rule	NYC	1920	only	-	Oct	lastSun	2:00	0	S
    284 Rule	NYC	1921	1966	-	Apr	lastSun	2:00	1:00	D
    285 Rule	NYC	1921	1954	-	Sep	lastSun	2:00	0	S
    286 Rule	NYC	1955	1966	-	Oct	lastSun	2:00	0	S
    287 # Zone	NAME		GMTOFF	RULES	FORMAT	[UNTIL]
    288 Zone America/New_York	-4:56:02 -	LMT	1883 Nov 18 12:03:58
    289 			-5:00	US	E%sT	1920
    290 			-5:00	NYC	E%sT	1942
    291 			-5:00	US	E%sT	1946
    292 			-5:00	NYC	E%sT	1967
    293 			-5:00	US	E%sT
    294 
    295 # US central time, represented by Chicago
    296 
    297 # Alabama, Arkansas, Florida panhandle (Bay, Calhoun, Escambia,
    298 # Gulf, Holmes, Jackson, Okaloosa, Santa Rosa, Walton, and
    299 # Washington counties), Illinois, western Indiana
    300 # (Gibson, Jasper, Lake, LaPorte, Newton, Porter, Posey, Spencer,
    301 # Vanderburgh, and Warrick counties), Iowa, most of Kansas, western
    302 # Kentucky, Louisiana, Minnesota, Mississippi, Missouri, eastern
    303 # Nebraska, eastern North Dakota, Oklahoma, eastern South Dakota,
    304 # western Tennessee, most of Texas, Wisconsin
    305 
    306 # From Larry M. Smith (2006-04-26) re Wisconsin:
    307 # http://www.legis.state.wi.us/statutes/Stat0175.pdf ...
    308 # is currently enforced at the 01:00 time of change.  Because the local
    309 # "bar time" in the state corresponds to 02:00, a number of citations
    310 # are issued for the "sale of class 'B' alcohol after prohibited
    311 # hours" within the deviated hour of this change every year....
    312 #
    313 # From Douglas R. Bomberg (2007-03-12):
    314 # Wisconsin has enacted (nearly eleventh-hour) legislation to get WI
    315 # Statue 175 closer in synch with the US Congress' intent....
    316 # http://www.legis.state.wi.us/2007/data/acts/07Act3.pdf
    317 
    318 # Rule	NAME	FROM	TO	TYPE	IN	ON	AT	SAVE	LETTER
    319 Rule	Chicago	1920	only	-	Jun	13	2:00	1:00	D
    320 Rule	Chicago	1920	1921	-	Oct	lastSun	2:00	0	S
    321 Rule	Chicago	1921	only	-	Mar	lastSun	2:00	1:00	D
    322 Rule	Chicago	1922	1966	-	Apr	lastSun	2:00	1:00	D
    323 Rule	Chicago	1922	1954	-	Sep	lastSun	2:00	0	S
    324 Rule	Chicago	1955	1966	-	Oct	lastSun	2:00	0	S
    325 # Zone	NAME		GMTOFF	RULES	FORMAT	[UNTIL]
    326 Zone America/Chicago	-5:50:36 -	LMT	1883 Nov 18 12:09:24
    327 			-6:00	US	C%sT	1920
    328 			-6:00	Chicago	C%sT	1936 Mar  1 2:00
    329 			-5:00	-	EST	1936 Nov 15 2:00
    330 			-6:00	Chicago	C%sT	1942
    331 			-6:00	US	C%sT	1946
    332 			-6:00	Chicago	C%sT	1967
    333 			-6:00	US	C%sT
    334 # Oliver County, ND switched from mountain to central time on 1992-10-25.
    335 Zone America/North_Dakota/Center -6:45:12 - LMT	1883 Nov 18 12:14:48
    336 			-7:00	US	M%sT	1992 Oct 25 02:00
    337 			-6:00	US	C%sT
    338 # Morton County, ND, switched from mountain to central time on
    339 # 2003-10-26, except for the area around Mandan which was already central time.
    340 # See <http://dmses.dot.gov/docimages/p63/135818.pdf>.
    341 # Officially this switch also included part of Sioux County, and
    342 # Jones, Mellette, and Todd Counties in South Dakota;
    343 # but in practice these other counties were already observing central time.
    344 # See <http://www.epa.gov/fedrgstr/EPA-IMPACT/2003/October/Day-28/i27056.htm>.
    345 Zone America/North_Dakota/New_Salem -6:45:39 - LMT 1883 Nov 18 12:14:21
    346 			-7:00	US	M%sT	2003 Oct 26 02:00
    347 			-6:00	US	C%sT
    348 
    349 # US mountain time, represented by Denver
    350 #
    351 # Colorado, far western Kansas, Montana, western
    352 # Nebraska, Nevada border (Jackpot, Owyhee, and Mountain City),
    353 # New Mexico, southwestern North Dakota,
    354 # western South Dakota, far western Texas (El Paso County, Hudspeth County,
    355 # and Pine Springs and Nickel Creek in Culberson County), Utah, Wyoming
    356 #
    357 # Rule	NAME	FROM	TO	TYPE	IN	ON	AT	SAVE	LETTER
    358 Rule	Denver	1920	1921	-	Mar	lastSun	2:00	1:00	D
    359 Rule	Denver	1920	only	-	Oct	lastSun	2:00	0	S
    360 Rule	Denver	1921	only	-	May	22	2:00	0	S
    361 Rule	Denver	1965	1966	-	Apr	lastSun	2:00	1:00	D
    362 Rule	Denver	1965	1966	-	Oct	lastSun	2:00	0	S
    363 # Zone	NAME		GMTOFF	RULES	FORMAT	[UNTIL]
    364 Zone America/Denver	-6:59:56 -	LMT	1883 Nov 18 12:00:04
    365 			-7:00	US	M%sT	1920
    366 			-7:00	Denver	M%sT	1942
    367 			-7:00	US	M%sT	1946
    368 			-7:00	Denver	M%sT	1967
    369 			-7:00	US	M%sT
    370 
    371 # US Pacific time, represented by Los Angeles
    372 #
    373 # California, northern Idaho (Benewah, Bonner, Boundary, Clearwater,
    374 # Idaho, Kootenai, Latah, Lewis, Nez Perce, and Shoshone counties,
    375 # and the northern three-quarters of Idaho county),
    376 # most of Nevada, most of Oregon, and Washington
    377 #
    378 # Rule	NAME	FROM	TO	TYPE	IN	ON	AT	SAVE	LETTER
    379 Rule	CA	1948	only	-	Mar	14	2:00	1:00	D
    380 Rule	CA	1949	only	-	Jan	 1	2:00	0	S
    381 Rule	CA	1950	1966	-	Apr	lastSun	2:00	1:00	D
    382 Rule	CA	1950	1961	-	Sep	lastSun	2:00	0	S
    383 Rule	CA	1962	1966	-	Oct	lastSun	2:00	0	S
    384 # Zone	NAME		GMTOFF	RULES	FORMAT	[UNTIL]
    385 Zone America/Los_Angeles -7:52:58 -	LMT	1883 Nov 18 12:07:02
    386 			-8:00	US	P%sT	1946
    387 			-8:00	CA	P%sT	1967
    388 			-8:00	US	P%sT
    389 
    390 # Alaska
    391 # AK%sT is the modern abbreviation for -9:00 per USNO.
    392 #
    393 # From Paul Eggert (2001-05-30):
    394 # Howse writes that Alaska switched from the Julian to the Gregorian calendar,
    395 # and from east-of-GMT to west-of-GMT days, when the US bought it from Russia.
    396 # This was on 1867-10-18, a Friday; the previous day was 1867-10-06 Julian,
    397 # also a Friday.  Include only the time zone part of this transition,
    398 # ignoring the switch from Julian to Gregorian, since we can't represent
    399 # the Julian calendar.
    400 #
    401 # As far as we know, none of the exact locations mentioned below were
    402 # permanently inhabited in 1867 by anyone using either calendar.
    403 # (Yakutat was colonized by the Russians in 1799, but the settlement
    404 # was destroyed in 1805 by a Yakutat-kon war party.)  However, there
    405 # were nearby inhabitants in some cases and for our purposes perhaps
    406 # it's best to simply use the official transition.
    407 #
    408 # Zone	NAME		GMTOFF	RULES	FORMAT	[UNTIL]
    409 Zone America/Juneau	 15:02:19 -	LMT	1867 Oct 18
    410 			 -8:57:41 -	LMT	1900 Aug 20 12:00
    411 			 -8:00	-	PST	1942
    412 			 -8:00	US	P%sT	1946
    413 			 -8:00	-	PST	1969
    414 			 -8:00	US	P%sT	1983 Oct 30 2:00
    415 			 -9:00	US	Y%sT	1983 Nov 30
    416 			 -9:00	US	AK%sT
    417 Zone America/Yakutat	 14:41:05 -	LMT	1867 Oct 18
    418 			 -9:18:55 -	LMT	1900 Aug 20 12:00
    419 			 -9:00	-	YST	1942
    420 			 -9:00	US	Y%sT	1946
    421 			 -9:00	-	YST	1969
    422 			 -9:00	US	Y%sT	1983 Nov 30
    423 			 -9:00	US	AK%sT
    424 Zone America/Anchorage	 14:00:24 -	LMT	1867 Oct 18
    425 			 -9:59:36 -	LMT	1900 Aug 20 12:00
    426 			-10:00	-	CAT	1942
    427 			-10:00	US	CAT/CAWT 1945 Aug 14 23:00u
    428 			-10:00	US	CAT/CAPT 1946 # Peace
    429 			-10:00	-	CAT	1967 Apr
    430 			-10:00	-	AHST	1969
    431 			-10:00	US	AH%sT	1983 Oct 30 2:00
    432 			 -9:00	US	Y%sT	1983 Nov 30
    433 			 -9:00	US	AK%sT
    434 Zone America/Nome	 12:58:21 -	LMT	1867 Oct 18
    435 			-11:01:38 -	LMT	1900 Aug 20 12:00
    436 			-11:00	-	NST	1942
    437 			-11:00	US	N%sT	1946
    438 			-11:00	-	NST	1967 Apr
    439 			-11:00	-	BST	1969
    440 			-11:00	US	B%sT	1983 Oct 30 2:00
    441 			 -9:00	US	Y%sT	1983 Nov 30
    442 			 -9:00	US	AK%sT
    443 Zone America/Adak	 12:13:21 -	LMT	1867 Oct 18
    444 			-11:46:38 -	LMT	1900 Aug 20 12:00
    445 			-11:00	-	NST	1942
    446 			-11:00	US	N%sT	1946
    447 			-11:00	-	NST	1967 Apr
    448 			-11:00	-	BST	1969
    449 			-11:00	US	B%sT	1983 Oct 30 2:00
    450 			-10:00	US	AH%sT	1983 Nov 30
    451 			-10:00	US	HA%sT
    452 # The following switches don't quite make our 1970 cutoff.
    453 #
    454 # Shanks writes that part of southwest Alaska (e.g. Aniak)
    455 # switched from -11:00 to -10:00 on 1968-09-22 at 02:00,
    456 # and another part (e.g. Akiak) made the same switch five weeks later.
    457 #
    458 # From David Flater (2004-11-09):
    459 # In e-mail, 2004-11-02, Ray Hudson, historian/liaison to the Unalaska
    460 # Historic Preservation Commission, provided this information, which
    461 # suggests that Unalaska deviated from statutory time from early 1967
    462 # possibly until 1983:
    463 #
    464 #  Minutes of the Unalaska City Council Meeting, January 10, 1967:
    465 #  "Except for St. Paul and Akutan, Unalaska is the only important
    466 #  location not on Alaska Standard Time.  The following resolution was
    467 #  made by William Robinson and seconded by Henry Swanson:  Be it
    468 #  resolved that the City of Unalaska hereby goes to Alaska Standard
    469 #  Time as of midnight Friday, January 13, 1967 (1 A.M. Saturday,
    470 #  January 14, Alaska Standard Time.)  This resolution was passed with
    471 #  three votes for and one against."
    472 
    473 # Hawaii
    474 #
    475 # From Arthur David Olson:
    476 # And then there's Hawaii.
    477 # DST was observed for one day in 1933;
    478 # standard time was changed by half an hour in 1947;
    479 # it's always standard as of 1986.
    480 #
    481 # From Paul Eggert:
    482 # Shanks says the 1933 experiment lasted for three weeks.  Go with Shanks.
    483 #
    484 Zone Pacific/Honolulu	-10:31:26 -	LMT	1900 Jan  1 12:00
    485 			-10:30	-	HST	1933 Apr 30 2:00
    486 			-10:30	1:00	HDT	1933 May 21 2:00
    487 			-10:30	US	H%sT	1947 Jun  8 2:00
    488 			-10:00	-	HST
    489 
    490 # Now we turn to US areas that have diverged from the consensus since 1970.
    491 
    492 # Arizona mostly uses MST.
    493 
    494 # From Paul Eggert (2002-10-20):
    495 #
    496 # The information in the rest of this paragraph is derived from the
    497 # <a href="http://www.dlapr.lib.az.us/links/daylight.htm">
    498 # Daylight Saving Time web page (2002-01-23)</a> maintained by the
    499 # Arizona State Library, Archives and Public Records.
    500 # Between 1944-01-01 and 1944-04-01 the State of Arizona used standard
    501 # time, but by federal law railroads, airlines, bus lines, military
    502 # personnel, and some engaged in interstate commerce continued to
    503 # observe war (i.e., daylight saving) time.  The 1944-03-17 Phoenix
    504 # Gazette says that was the date the law changed, and that 04-01 was
    505 # the date the state's clocks would change.  In 1945 the State of
    506 # Arizona used standard time all year, again with exceptions only as
    507 # mandated by federal law.  Arizona observed DST in 1967, but Arizona
    508 # Laws 1968, ch. 183 (effective 1968-03-21) repealed DST.
    509 #
    510 # Shanks says the 1944 experiment came to an end on 1944-03-17.
    511 # Go with the Arizona State Library instead.
    512 
    513 Zone America/Phoenix	-7:28:18 -	LMT	1883 Nov 18 11:31:42
    514 			-7:00	US	M%sT	1944 Jan  1 00:01
    515 			-7:00	-	MST	1944 Apr  1 00:01
    516 			-7:00	US	M%sT	1944 Oct  1 00:01
    517 			-7:00	-	MST	1967
    518 			-7:00	US	M%sT	1968 Mar 21
    519 			-7:00	-	MST
    520 # From Arthur David Olson (1988-02-13):
    521 # A writer from the Inter Tribal Council of Arizona, Inc.,
    522 # notes in private correspondence dated 1987-12-28 that "Presently, only the
    523 # Navajo Nation participates in the Daylight Saving Time policy, due to its
    524 # large size and location in three states."  (The "only" means that other
    525 # tribal nations don't use DST.)
    526 
    527 Link America/Denver America/Shiprock
    528 
    529 # Southern Idaho (Ada, Adams, Bannock, Bear Lake, Bingham, Blaine,
    530 # Boise, Bonneville, Butte, Camas, Canyon, Caribou, Cassia, Clark,
    531 # Custer, Elmore, Franklin, Fremont, Gem, Gooding, Jefferson, Jerome,
    532 # Lemhi, Lincoln, Madison, Minidoka, Oneida, Owyhee, Payette, Power,
    533 # Teton, Twin Falls, Valley, Washington counties, and the southern
    534 # quarter of Idaho county) and eastern Oregon (most of Malheur County)
    535 # switched four weeks late in 1974.
    536 #
    537 # Zone	NAME		GMTOFF	RULES	FORMAT	[UNTIL]
    538 Zone America/Boise	-7:44:49 -	LMT	1883 Nov 18 12:15:11
    539 			-8:00	US	P%sT	1923 May 13 2:00
    540 			-7:00	US	M%sT	1974
    541 			-7:00	-	MST	1974 Feb  3 2:00
    542 			-7:00	US	M%sT
    543 
    544 # Indiana
    545 #
    546 # For a map of Indiana's time zone regions, see:
    547 # <a href="http://www.mccsc.edu/time.html">
    548 # What time is it in Indiana?
    549 # </a> (2006-03-01)
    550 #
    551 # From Paul Eggert (2007-08-17):
    552 # Since 1970, most of Indiana has been like America/Indiana/Indianapolis,
    553 # with the following exceptions:
    554 #
    555 # - Gibson, Jasper, Lake, LaPorte, Newton, Porter, Posey, Spencer,
    556 #   Vandenburgh, and Warrick counties have been like America/Chicago.
    557 #
    558 # - Dearborn and Ohio counties have been like America/New_York.
    559 #
    560 # - Clark, Floyd, and Harrison counties have been like
    561 #   America/Kentucky/Louisville.
    562 #
    563 # - Crawford, Daviess, Dubois, Knox, Martin, Perry, Pike, Pulaski, Starke,
    564 #   and Switzerland counties have their own time zone histories as noted below.
    565 #
    566 # Shanks partitioned Indiana into 345 regions, each with its own time history,
    567 # and wrote ``Even newspaper reports present contradictory information.''
    568 # Those Hoosiers!  Such a flighty and changeable people!
    569 # Fortunately, most of the complexity occurred before our cutoff date of 1970.
    570 #
    571 # Other than Indianapolis, the Indiana place names are so nondescript
    572 # that they would be ambiguous if we left them at the `America' level.
    573 # So we reluctantly put them all in a subdirectory `America/Indiana'.
    574 
    575 # From Paul Eggert (2005-08-16):
    576 # http://www.mccsc.edu/time.html says that Indiana will use DST starting 2006.
    577 
    578 # From Nathan Stratton Treadway (2006-03-30):
    579 # http://www.dot.gov/affairs/dot0406.htm [3705 B]
    580 # From Deborah Goldsmith (2006-01-18):
    581 # http://dmses.dot.gov/docimages/pdf95/382329_web.pdf [2.9 MB]
    582 # From Paul Eggert (2006-01-20):
    583 # It says "DOT is relocating the time zone boundary in Indiana to move Starke,
    584 # Pulaski, Knox, Daviess, Martin, Pike, Dubois, and Perry Counties from the
    585 # Eastern Time Zone to the Central Time Zone.... The effective date of
    586 # this rule is 2:OO a.m. EST Sunday, April 2, 2006, which is the
    587 # changeover date from standard time to Daylight Saving Time."
    588 # Strictly speaking, this means the affected counties will change their
    589 # clocks twice that night, but this obviously is in error.  The intent
    590 # is that 01:59:59 EST be followed by 02:00:00 CDT.
    591 
    592 # From Gwillim Law (2007-02-10):
    593 # The Associated Press has been reporting that Pulaski County, Indiana is
    594 # going to switch from Central to Eastern Time on March 11, 2007....
    595 # http://www.indystar.com/apps/pbcs.dll/article?AID=/20070207/LOCAL190108/702070524/0/LOCAL
    596 
    597 # Rule	NAME	FROM	TO	TYPE	IN	ON	AT	SAVE	LETTER
    598 Rule Indianapolis 1941	only	-	Jun	22	2:00	1:00	D
    599 Rule Indianapolis 1941	1954	-	Sep	lastSun	2:00	0	S
    600 Rule Indianapolis 1946	1954	-	Apr	lastSun	2:00	1:00	D
    601 # Zone	NAME		GMTOFF	RULES	FORMAT	[UNTIL]
    602 Zone America/Indiana/Indianapolis -5:44:38 - LMT 1883 Nov 18 12:15:22
    603 			-6:00	US	C%sT	1920
    604 			-6:00 Indianapolis C%sT	1942
    605 			-6:00	US	C%sT	1946
    606 			-6:00 Indianapolis C%sT	1955 Apr 24 2:00
    607 			-5:00	-	EST	1957 Sep 29 2:00
    608 			-6:00	-	CST	1958 Apr 27 2:00
    609 			-5:00	-	EST	1969
    610 			-5:00	US	E%sT	1971
    611 			-5:00	-	EST	2006
    612 			-5:00	US	E%sT
    613 #
    614 # Eastern Crawford County, Indiana, left its clocks alone in 1974,
    615 # as well as from 1976 through 2005.
    616 # Rule	NAME	FROM	TO	TYPE	IN	ON	AT	SAVE	LETTER
    617 Rule	Marengo	1951	only	-	Apr	lastSun	2:00	1:00	D
    618 Rule	Marengo	1951	only	-	Sep	lastSun	2:00	0	S
    619 Rule	Marengo	1954	1960	-	Apr	lastSun	2:00	1:00	D
    620 Rule	Marengo	1954	1960	-	Sep	lastSun	2:00	0	S
    621 # Zone	NAME		GMTOFF	RULES	FORMAT	[UNTIL]
    622 Zone America/Indiana/Marengo -5:45:23 -	LMT	1883 Nov 18 12:14:37
    623 			-6:00	US	C%sT	1951
    624 			-6:00	Marengo	C%sT	1961 Apr 30 2:00
    625 			-5:00	-	EST	1969
    626 			-5:00	US	E%sT	1974 Jan  6 2:00
    627 			-6:00	1:00	CDT	1974 Oct 27 2:00
    628 			-5:00	US	E%sT	1976
    629 			-5:00	-	EST	2006
    630 			-5:00	US	E%sT
    631 #
    632 # Daviess, Dubois, Knox, and Martin Counties, Indiana,
    633 # switched from eastern to central time in April 2006, then switched back
    634 # in November 2007.
    635 # Rule	NAME	FROM	TO	TYPE	IN	ON	AT	SAVE	LETTER
    636 Rule Vincennes	1946	only	-	Apr	lastSun	2:00	1:00	D
    637 Rule Vincennes	1946	only	-	Sep	lastSun	2:00	0	S
    638 Rule Vincennes	1953	1954	-	Apr	lastSun	2:00	1:00	D
    639 Rule Vincennes	1953	1959	-	Sep	lastSun	2:00	0	S
    640 Rule Vincennes	1955	only	-	May	 1	0:00	1:00	D
    641 Rule Vincennes	1956	1963	-	Apr	lastSun	2:00	1:00	D
    642 Rule Vincennes	1960	only	-	Oct	lastSun	2:00	0	S
    643 Rule Vincennes	1961	only	-	Sep	lastSun	2:00	0	S
    644 Rule Vincennes	1962	1963	-	Oct	lastSun	2:00	0	S
    645 # Zone	NAME		GMTOFF	RULES	FORMAT	[UNTIL]
    646 Zone America/Indiana/Vincennes -5:50:07 - LMT	1883 Nov 18 12:09:53
    647 			-6:00	US	C%sT	1946
    648 			-6:00 Vincennes	C%sT	1964 Apr 26 2:00
    649 			-5:00	-	EST	1969
    650 			-5:00	US	E%sT	1971
    651 			-5:00	-	EST	2006 Apr  2 2:00
    652 			-6:00	US	C%sT	2007 Nov  4 2:00
    653 			-5:00	US	E%sT
    654 #
    655 # Perry County, Indiana, switched from eastern to central time in April 2006.
    656 # Rule	NAME	FROM	TO	TYPE	IN	ON	AT	SAVE	LETTER
    657 Rule Perry	1946	only	-	Apr	lastSun	2:00	1:00	D
    658 Rule Perry	1946	only	-	Sep	lastSun	2:00	0	S
    659 Rule Perry	1953	1954	-	Apr	lastSun	2:00	1:00	D
    660 Rule Perry	1953	1959	-	Sep	lastSun	2:00	0	S
    661 Rule Perry	1955	only	-	May	 1	0:00	1:00	D
    662 Rule Perry	1956	1963	-	Apr	lastSun	2:00	1:00	D
    663 Rule Perry	1960	only	-	Oct	lastSun	2:00	0	S
    664 Rule Perry	1961	only	-	Sep	lastSun	2:00	0	S
    665 Rule Perry	1962	1963	-	Oct	lastSun	2:00	0	S
    666 # Zone	NAME		GMTOFF	RULES	FORMAT	[UNTIL]
    667 Zone America/Indiana/Tell_City -5:47:03 - LMT	1883 Nov 18 12:12:57
    668 			-6:00	US	C%sT	1946
    669 			-6:00 Perry	C%sT	1964 Apr 26 2:00
    670 			-5:00	-	EST	1969
    671 			-5:00	US	E%sT	1971
    672 			-5:00	-	EST	2006 Apr  2 2:00
    673 			-6:00	US	C%sT
    674 #
    675 # Pike County, Indiana moved from central to eastern time in 1977,
    676 # then switched back in 2006, then switched back again in 2007.
    677 # Rule	NAME	FROM	TO	TYPE	IN	ON	AT	SAVE	LETTER
    678 Rule	Pike	1955	only	-	May	 1	0:00	1:00	D
    679 Rule	Pike	1955	1960	-	Sep	lastSun	2:00	0	S
    680 Rule	Pike	1956	1964	-	Apr	lastSun	2:00	1:00	D
    681 Rule	Pike	1961	1964	-	Oct	lastSun	2:00	0	S
    682 # Zone	NAME		GMTOFF	RULES	FORMAT	[UNTIL]
    683 Zone America/Indiana/Petersburg -5:49:07 - LMT	1883 Nov 18 12:10:53
    684 			-6:00	US	C%sT	1955
    685 			-6:00	Pike	C%sT	1965 Apr 25 2:00
    686 			-5:00	-	EST	1966 Oct 30 2:00
    687 			-6:00	US	C%sT	1977 Oct 30 2:00
    688 			-5:00	-	EST	2006 Apr  2 2:00
    689 			-6:00	US	C%sT	2007 Nov  4 2:00
    690 			-5:00	US	E%sT
    691 #
    692 # Starke County, Indiana moved from central to eastern time in 1991,
    693 # then switched back in 2006.
    694 # From Arthur David Olson (1991-10-28):
    695 # An article on page A3 of the Sunday, 1991-10-27 Washington Post
    696 # notes that Starke County switched from Central time to Eastern time as of
    697 # 1991-10-27.
    698 # Rule	NAME	FROM	TO	TYPE	IN	ON	AT	SAVE	LETTER
    699 Rule	Starke	1947	1961	-	Apr	lastSun	2:00	1:00	D
    700 Rule	Starke	1947	1954	-	Sep	lastSun	2:00	0	S
    701 Rule	Starke	1955	1956	-	Oct	lastSun	2:00	0	S
    702 Rule	Starke	1957	1958	-	Sep	lastSun	2:00	0	S
    703 Rule	Starke	1959	1961	-	Oct	lastSun	2:00	0	S
    704 # Zone	NAME		GMTOFF	RULES	FORMAT	[UNTIL]
    705 Zone America/Indiana/Knox -5:46:30 -	LMT	1883 Nov 18 12:13:30
    706 			-6:00	US	C%sT	1947
    707 			-6:00	Starke	C%sT	1962 Apr 29 2:00
    708 			-5:00	-	EST	1963 Oct 27 2:00
    709 			-6:00	US	C%sT	1991 Oct 27 2:00
    710 			-5:00	-	EST	2006 Apr  2 2:00
    711 			-6:00	US	C%sT
    712 #
    713 # Pulaski County, Indiana, switched from eastern to central time in
    714 # April 2006 and then switched back in March 2007.
    715 # Rule	NAME	FROM	TO	TYPE	IN	ON	AT	SAVE	LETTER
    716 Rule	Pulaski	1946	1960	-	Apr	lastSun	2:00	1:00	D
    717 Rule	Pulaski	1946	1954	-	Sep	lastSun	2:00	0	S
    718 Rule	Pulaski	1955	1956	-	Oct	lastSun	2:00	0	S
    719 Rule	Pulaski	1957	1960	-	Sep	lastSun	2:00	0	S
    720 # Zone	NAME		GMTOFF	RULES	FORMAT	[UNTIL]
    721 Zone America/Indiana/Winamac -5:46:25 - LMT	1883 Nov 18 12:13:35
    722 			-6:00	US	C%sT	1946
    723 			-6:00	Pulaski	C%sT	1961 Apr 30 2:00
    724 			-5:00	-	EST	1969
    725 			-5:00	US	E%sT	1971
    726 			-5:00	-	EST	2006 Apr  2 2:00
    727 			-6:00	US	C%sT	2007 Mar 11 2:00
    728 			-5:00	US	E%sT
    729 #
    730 # Switzerland County, Indiana, did not observe DST from 1973 through 2005.
    731 # Zone	NAME		GMTOFF	RULES	FORMAT	[UNTIL]
    732 Zone America/Indiana/Vevay -5:40:16 -	LMT	1883 Nov 18 12:19:44
    733 			-6:00	US	C%sT	1954 Apr 25 2:00
    734 			-5:00	-	EST	1969
    735 			-5:00	US	E%sT	1973
    736 			-5:00	-	EST	2006
    737 			-5:00	US	E%sT
    738 
    739 # Part of Kentucky left its clocks alone in 1974.
    740 # This also includes Clark, Floyd, and Harrison counties in Indiana.
    741 # Rule	NAME	FROM	TO	TYPE	IN	ON	AT	SAVE	LETTER
    742 Rule Louisville	1921	only	-	May	1	2:00	1:00	D
    743 Rule Louisville	1921	only	-	Sep	1	2:00	0	S
    744 Rule Louisville	1941	1961	-	Apr	lastSun	2:00	1:00	D
    745 Rule Louisville	1941	only	-	Sep	lastSun	2:00	0	S
    746 Rule Louisville	1946	only	-	Jun	2	2:00	0	S
    747 Rule Louisville	1950	1955	-	Sep	lastSun	2:00	0	S
    748 Rule Louisville	1956	1960	-	Oct	lastSun	2:00	0	S
    749 # Zone	NAME		GMTOFF	RULES	FORMAT	[UNTIL]
    750 Zone America/Kentucky/Louisville -5:43:02 -	LMT	1883 Nov 18 12:16:58
    751 			-6:00	US	C%sT	1921
    752 			-6:00 Louisville C%sT	1942
    753 			-6:00	US	C%sT	1946
    754 			-6:00 Louisville C%sT	1961 Jul 23 2:00
    755 			-5:00	-	EST	1968
    756 			-5:00	US	E%sT	1974 Jan  6 2:00
    757 			-6:00	1:00	CDT	1974 Oct 27 2:00
    758 			-5:00	US	E%sT
    759 #
    760 # Wayne County, Kentucky
    761 #
    762 # From
    763 # <a href="http://www.lake-cumberland.com/life/archive/news990129time.shtml">
    764 # Lake Cumberland LIFE
    765 # </a> (1999-01-29) via WKYM-101.7:
    766 # Clinton County has joined Wayne County in asking the DoT to change from
    767 # the Central to the Eastern time zone....  The Wayne County government made
    768 # the same request in December.  And while Russell County officials have not
    769 # taken action, the majority of respondents to a poll conducted there in
    770 # August indicated they would like to change to "fast time" also.
    771 # The three Lake Cumberland counties are the farthest east of any U.S.
    772 # location in the Central time zone.
    773 #
    774 # From Rich Wales (2000-08-29):
    775 # After prolonged debate, and despite continuing deep differences of opinion,
    776 # Wayne County (central Kentucky) is switching from Central (-0600) to Eastern
    777 # (-0500) time.  They won't "fall back" this year.  See Sara Shipley,
    778 # The difference an hour makes, Nando Times (2000-08-29 15:33 -0400).
    779 #
    780 # From Paul Eggert (2001-07-16):
    781 # The final rule was published in the
    782 # <a href="http://frwebgate.access.gpo.gov/cgi-bin/getdoc.cgi?dbname=2000_register&docid=fr17au00-22">
    783 # Federal Register 65, 160 (2000-08-17), page 50154-50158.
    784 # </a>
    785 #
    786 Zone America/Kentucky/Monticello -5:39:24 - LMT	1883 Nov 18 12:20:36
    787 			-6:00	US	C%sT	1946
    788 			-6:00	-	CST	1968
    789 			-6:00	US	C%sT	2000 Oct 29  2:00
    790 			-5:00	US	E%sT
    791 
    792 
    793 # From Rives McDow (2000-08-30):
    794 # Here ... are all the changes in the US since 1985.
    795 # Kearny County, KS (put all of county on central;
    796 #	previously split between MST and CST) ... 1990-10
    797 # Starke County, IN (from CST to EST) ... 1991-10
    798 # Oliver County, ND (from MST to CST) ... 1992-10
    799 # West Wendover, NV (from PST TO MST) ... 1999-10
    800 # Wayne County, KY (from CST to EST) ... 2000-10
    801 #
    802 # From Paul Eggert (2001-07-17):
    803 # We don't know where the line used to be within Kearny County, KS,
    804 # so omit that change for now.
    805 # See America/Indiana/Knox for the Starke County, IN change.
    806 # See America/North_Dakota/Center for the Oliver County, ND change.
    807 # West Wendover, NV officially switched from Pacific to mountain time on
    808 # 1999-10-31.  See the
    809 # <a href="http://frwebgate.access.gpo.gov/cgi-bin/getdoc.cgi?dbname=1999_register&docid=fr21oc99-15">
    810 # Federal Register 64, 203 (1999-10-21), page 56705-56707.
    811 # </a>
    812 # However, the Federal Register says that West Wendover already operated
    813 # on mountain time, and the rule merely made this official;
    814 # hence a separate tz entry is not needed.
    815 
    816 # Michigan
    817 #
    818 # From Bob Devine (1988-01-28):
    819 # Michigan didn't observe DST from 1968 to 1973.
    820 #
    821 # From Paul Eggert (1999-03-31):
    822 # Shanks writes that Michigan started using standard time on 1885-09-18,
    823 # but Howse writes (pp 124-125, referring to Popular Astronomy, 1901-01)
    824 # that Detroit kept
    825 #
    826 #	local time until 1900 when the City Council decreed that clocks should
    827 #	be put back twenty-eight minutes to Central Standard Time.  Half the
    828 #	city obeyed, half refused.  After considerable debate, the decision
    829 #	was rescinded and the city reverted to Sun time.  A derisive offer to
    830 #	erect a sundial in front of the city hall was referred to the
    831 #	Committee on Sewers.  Then, in 1905, Central time was adopted
    832 #	by city vote.
    833 #
    834 # This story is too entertaining to be false, so go with Howse over Shanks.
    835 #
    836 # From Paul Eggert (2001-03-06):
    837 # Garland (1927) writes ``Cleveland and Detroit advanced their clocks
    838 # one hour in 1914.''  This change is not in Shanks.  We have no more
    839 # info, so omit this for now.
    840 #
    841 # Most of Michigan observed DST from 1973 on, but was a bit late in 1975.
    842 # Rule	NAME	FROM	TO	TYPE	IN	ON	AT	SAVE	LETTER
    843 Rule	Detroit	1948	only	-	Apr	lastSun	2:00	1:00	D
    844 Rule	Detroit	1948	only	-	Sep	lastSun	2:00	0	S
    845 Rule	Detroit	1967	only	-	Jun	14	2:00	1:00	D
    846 Rule	Detroit	1967	only	-	Oct	lastSun	2:00	0	S
    847 # Zone	NAME		GMTOFF	RULES	FORMAT	[UNTIL]
    848 Zone America/Detroit	-5:32:11 -	LMT	1905
    849 			-6:00	-	CST	1915 May 15 2:00
    850 			-5:00	-	EST	1942
    851 			-5:00	US	E%sT	1946
    852 			-5:00	Detroit	E%sT	1973
    853 			-5:00	US	E%sT	1975
    854 			-5:00	-	EST	1975 Apr 27 2:00
    855 			-5:00	US	E%sT
    856 #
    857 # Dickinson, Gogebic, Iron, and Menominee Counties, Michigan,
    858 # switched from EST to CST/CDT in 1973.
    859 # Rule	NAME	FROM	TO	TYPE	IN	ON	AT	SAVE	LETTER
    860 Rule Menominee	1946	only	-	Apr	lastSun	2:00	1:00	D
    861 Rule Menominee	1946	only	-	Sep	lastSun	2:00	0	S
    862 Rule Menominee	1966	only	-	Apr	lastSun	2:00	1:00	D
    863 Rule Menominee	1966	only	-	Oct	lastSun	2:00	0	S
    864 # Zone	NAME		GMTOFF	RULES	FORMAT	[UNTIL]
    865 Zone America/Menominee	-5:50:27 -	LMT	1885 Sep 18 12:00
    866 			-6:00	US	C%sT	1946
    867 			-6:00 Menominee	C%sT	1969 Apr 27 2:00
    868 			-5:00	-	EST	1973 Apr 29 2:00
    869 			-6:00	US	C%sT
    870 
    871 # Navassa
    872 # administered by the US Fish and Wildlife Service
    873 # claimed by US under the provisions of the 1856 Guano Islands Act
    874 # also claimed by Haiti
    875 # occupied 1857/1900 by the Navassa Phosphate Co
    876 # US lighthouse 1917/1996-09
    877 # currently uninhabited
    878 # see Mark Fineman, ``An Isle Rich in Guano and Discord'',
    879 # _Los Angeles Times_ (1998-11-10), A1, A10; it cites
    880 # Jimmy Skaggs, _The Great Guano Rush_ (1994).
    881 
    882 ################################################################################
    883 
    884 
    885 # From Paul Eggert (2006-03-22):
    886 # A good source for time zone historical data outside the U.S. is
    887 # Thomas G. Shanks and Rique Pottenger, The International Atlas (6th edition),
    888 # San Diego: ACS Publications, Inc. (2003).
    889 #
    890 # Gwillim Law writes that a good source
    891 # for recent time zone data is the International Air Transport
    892 # Association's Standard Schedules Information Manual (IATA SSIM),
    893 # published semiannually.  Law sent in several helpful summaries
    894 # of the IATA's data after 1990.
    895 #
    896 # Except where otherwise noted, Shanks & Pottenger is the source for
    897 # entries through 1990, and IATA SSIM is the source for entries afterwards.
    898 #
    899 # Other sources occasionally used include:
    900 #
    901 #	Edward W. Whitman, World Time Differences,
    902 #	Whitman Publishing Co, 2 Niagara Av, Ealing, London (undated),
    903 #	which I found in the UCLA library.
    904 #
    905 #	<a href="http://www.pettswoodvillage.co.uk/Daylight_Savings_William_Willett.pdf">
    906 #	William Willett, The Waste of Daylight, 19th edition
    907 #	</a> (1914-03)
    908 #
    909 # See the `europe' file for Greenland.
    910 
    911 # Canada
    912 
    913 # From Alain LaBont<e'> (1994-11-14):
    914 # I post here the time zone abbreviations standardized in Canada
    915 # for both English and French in the CAN/CSA-Z234.4-89 standard....
    916 #
    917 #	UTC	Standard time	Daylight savings time
    918 #	offset	French	English	French	English
    919 #	-2:30	-	-	HAT	NDT
    920 #	-3	-	-	HAA	ADT
    921 #	-3:30	HNT	NST	-	-
    922 #	-4	HNA	AST	HAE	EDT
    923 #	-5	HNE	EST	HAC	CDT
    924 #	-6	HNC	CST	HAR	MDT
    925 #	-7	HNR	MST	HAP	PDT
    926 #	-8	HNP	PST	HAY	YDT
    927 #	-9	HNY	YST	-	-
    928 #
    929 #	HN: Heure Normale	ST: Standard Time
    930 #	HA: Heure Avanc<e'>e	DT: Daylight saving Time
    931 #
    932 #	A: de l'Atlantique	Atlantic
    933 #	C: du Centre		Central
    934 #	E: de l'Est		Eastern
    935 #	M:			Mountain
    936 #	N:			Newfoundland
    937 #	P: du Pacifique		Pacific
    938 #	R: des Rocheuses
    939 #	T: de Terre-Neuve
    940 #	Y: du Yukon		Yukon
    941 #
    942 # From Paul Eggert (1994-11-22):
    943 # Alas, this sort of thing must be handled by localization software.
    944 
    945 # Unless otherwise specified, the data for Canada are all from Shanks
    946 # & Pottenger.
    947 
    948 # From Chris Walton (2006-04-01, 2006-04-25, 2006-06-26, 2007-01-31,
    949 # 2007-03-01):
    950 # The British Columbia government announced yesterday that it will
    951 # adjust daylight savings next year to align with changes in the
    952 # U.S. and the rest of Canada....
    953 # http://www2.news.gov.bc.ca/news_releases_2005-2009/2006AG0014-000330.htm
    954 # ...
    955 # Nova Scotia
    956 # Daylight saving time will be extended by four weeks starting in 2007....
    957 # http://www.gov.ns.ca/just/regulations/rg2/2006/ma1206.pdf
    958 #
    959 # [For New Brunswick] the new legislation dictates that the time change is to
    960 # be done at 02:00 instead of 00:01.
    961 # http://www.gnb.ca/0062/acts/BBA-2006/Chap-19.pdf
    962 # ...
    963 # Manitoba has traditionally changed the clock every fall at 03:00.
    964 # As of 2006, the transition is to take place one hour earlier at 02:00.
    965 # http://web2.gov.mb.ca/laws/statutes/ccsm/o030e.php
    966 # ...
    967 # [Alberta, Ontario, Quebec] will follow US rules.
    968 # http://www.qp.gov.ab.ca/documents/spring/CH03_06.CFM
    969 # http://www.e-laws.gov.on.ca/DBLaws/Source/Regs/English/2006/R06111_e.htm
    970 # http://www2.publicationsduquebec.gouv.qc.ca/dynamicSearch/telecharge.php?type=5&file=2006C39A.PDF
    971 # ...
    972 # P.E.I. will follow US rules....
    973 # http://www.assembly.pe.ca/bills/pdf_chapter/62/3/chapter-41.pdf
    974 # ...
    975 # Province of Newfoundland and Labrador....
    976 # http://www.hoa.gov.nl.ca/hoa/bills/Bill0634.htm
    977 # ...
    978 # Yukon
    979 # http://www.gov.yk.ca/legislation/regs/oic2006_127.pdf
    980 # ...
    981 # N.W.T. will follow US rules.  Whoever maintains the government web site
    982 # does not seem to believe in bookmarks.  To see the news release, click the
    983 # following link and search for "Daylight Savings Time Change".  Press the
    984 # "Daylight Savings Time Change" link; it will fire off a popup using
    985 # JavaScript.
    986 # http://www.exec.gov.nt.ca/currentnews/currentPR.asp?mode=archive
    987 # ...
    988 # Nunavut
    989 # An amendment to the Interpretation Act was registered on February 19/2007....
    990 # http://action.attavik.ca/home/justice-gn/attach/2007/gaz02part2.pdf
    991 
    992 # From Paul Eggert (2006-04-25):
    993 # H. David Matthews and Mary Vincent's map
    994 # <a href="http://www.canadiangeographic.ca/Magazine/SO98/geomap.asp">
    995 # "It's about TIME", _Canadian Geographic_ (September-October 1998)
    996 # </a> contains detailed boundaries for regions observing nonstandard
    997 # time and daylight saving time arrangements in Canada circa 1998.
    998 #
    999 # INMS, the Institute for National Measurement Standards in Ottawa, has <a
   1000 # href="http://inms-ienm.nrc-cnrc.gc.ca/en/time_services/daylight_saving_e.php">
   1001 # information about standard and daylight saving time zones in Canada.
   1002 # </a> (updated periodically).
   1003 # Its unofficial information is often taken from Matthews and Vincent.
   1004 
   1005 # From Paul Eggert (2006-06-27):
   1006 # For now, assume all of DST-observing Canada will fall into line with the
   1007 # new US DST rules,
   1008 
   1009 # Rule	NAME	FROM	TO	TYPE	IN	ON	AT	SAVE	LETTER/S
   1010 Rule	Canada	1918	only	-	Apr	14	2:00	1:00	D
   1011 Rule	Canada	1918	only	-	Oct	31	2:00	0	S
   1012 Rule	Canada	1942	only	-	Feb	 9	2:00	1:00	W # War
   1013 Rule	Canada	1945	only	-	Aug	14	23:00u	1:00	P # Peace
   1014 Rule	Canada	1945	only	-	Sep	30	2:00	0	S
   1015 Rule	Canada	1974	1986	-	Apr	lastSun	2:00	1:00	D
   1016 Rule	Canada	1974	2006	-	Oct	lastSun	2:00	0	S
   1017 Rule	Canada	1987	2006	-	Apr	Sun>=1	2:00	1:00	D
   1018 Rule	Canada	2007	max	-	Mar	Sun>=8	2:00	1:00	D
   1019 Rule	Canada	2007	max	-	Nov	Sun>=1	2:00	0	S
   1020 
   1021 
   1022 # Newfoundland and Labrador
   1023 
   1024 # From Paul Eggert (2000-10-02):
   1025 # Matthews and Vincent (1998) write that Labrador should use NST/NDT,
   1026 # but the only part of Labrador that follows the rules is the
   1027 # southeast corner, including Port Hope Simpson and Mary's Harbour,
   1028 # but excluding, say, Black Tickle.
   1029 
   1030 # Rule	NAME	FROM	TO	TYPE	IN	ON	AT	SAVE	LETTER/S
   1031 Rule	StJohns	1917	only	-	Apr	 8	2:00	1:00	D
   1032 Rule	StJohns	1917	only	-	Sep	17	2:00	0	S
   1033 # Whitman gives 1919 Apr 5 and 1920 Apr 5; go with Shanks & Pottenger.
   1034 Rule	StJohns	1919	only	-	May	 5	23:00	1:00	D
   1035 Rule	StJohns	1919	only	-	Aug	12	23:00	0	S
   1036 # For 1931-1935 Whitman gives Apr same date; go with Shanks & Pottenger.
   1037 Rule	StJohns	1920	1935	-	May	Sun>=1	23:00	1:00	D
   1038 Rule	StJohns	1920	1935	-	Oct	lastSun	23:00	0	S
   1039 # For 1936-1941 Whitman gives May Sun>=8 and Oct Sun>=1; go with Shanks &
   1040 # Pottenger.
   1041 Rule	StJohns	1936	1941	-	May	Mon>=9	0:00	1:00	D
   1042 Rule	StJohns	1936	1941	-	Oct	Mon>=2	0:00	0	S
   1043 # Whitman gives the following transitions:
   1044 # 1942 03-01/12-31, 1943 05-30/09-05, 1944 07-10/09-02, 1945 01-01/10-07
   1045 # but go with Shanks & Pottenger and assume they used Canadian rules.
   1046 # For 1946-9 Whitman gives May 5,4,9,1 - Oct 1,5,3,2, and for 1950 he gives
   1047 # Apr 30 - Sep 24; go with Shanks & Pottenger.
   1048 Rule	StJohns	1946	1950	-	May	Sun>=8	2:00	1:00	D
   1049 Rule	StJohns	1946	1950	-	Oct	Sun>=2	2:00	0	S
   1050 Rule	StJohns	1951	1986	-	Apr	lastSun	2:00	1:00	D
   1051 Rule	StJohns	1951	1959	-	Sep	lastSun	2:00	0	S
   1052 Rule	StJohns	1960	1986	-	Oct	lastSun	2:00	0	S
   1053 # From Paul Eggert (2000-10-02):
   1054 # INMS (2000-09-12) says that, since 1988 at least, Newfoundland switches
   1055 # at 00:01 local time.  For now, assume it started in 1987.
   1056 Rule	StJohns	1987	only	-	Apr	Sun>=1	0:01	1:00	D
   1057 Rule	StJohns	1987	2006	-	Oct	lastSun	0:01	0	S
   1058 Rule	StJohns	1988	only	-	Apr	Sun>=1	0:01	2:00	DD
   1059 Rule	StJohns	1989	2006	-	Apr	Sun>=1	0:01	1:00	D
   1060 Rule	StJohns	2007	max	-	Mar	Sun>=8	0:01	1:00	D
   1061 Rule	StJohns	2007	max	-	Nov	Sun>=1	0:01	0	S
   1062 #
   1063 # St John's has an apostrophe, but Posix file names can't have apostrophes.
   1064 # Zone	NAME		GMTOFF	RULES	FORMAT	[UNTIL]
   1065 Zone America/St_Johns	-3:30:52 -	LMT	1884
   1066 			-3:30:52 StJohns N%sT	1918
   1067 			-3:30:52 Canada	N%sT	1919
   1068 			-3:30:52 StJohns N%sT	1935 Mar 30
   1069 			-3:30	StJohns	N%sT	1942 May 11
   1070 			-3:30	Canada	N%sT	1946
   1071 			-3:30	StJohns	N%sT
   1072 
   1073 # most of east Labrador
   1074 
   1075 # The name `Happy Valley-Goose Bay' is too long; use `Goose Bay'.
   1076 # Zone	NAME		GMTOFF	RULES	FORMAT	[UNTIL]
   1077 Zone America/Goose_Bay	-4:01:40 -	LMT	1884 # Happy Valley-Goose Bay
   1078 			-3:30:52 -	NST	1918
   1079 			-3:30:52 Canada N%sT	1919
   1080 			-3:30:52 -	NST	1935 Mar 30
   1081 			-3:30	-	NST	1936
   1082 			-3:30	StJohns	N%sT	1942 May 11
   1083 			-3:30	Canada	N%sT	1946
   1084 			-3:30	StJohns	N%sT	1966 Mar 15 2:00
   1085 			-4:00	StJohns	A%sT
   1086 
   1087 
   1088 # west Labrador, Nova Scotia, Prince Edward I
   1089 
   1090 # From Paul Eggert (2006-03-22):
   1091 # Shanks & Pottenger write that since 1970 most of this region has been like
   1092 # Halifax.  Many locales did not observe peacetime DST until 1972;
   1093 # Glace Bay, NS is the largest that we know of.
   1094 # Shanks & Pottenger also write that Liverpool, NS was the only town
   1095 # in Canada to observe DST in 1971 but not 1970; for now we'll assume
   1096 # this is a typo.
   1097 
   1098 # Rule	NAME	FROM	TO	TYPE	IN	ON	AT	SAVE	LETTER/S
   1099 Rule	Halifax	1916	only	-	Apr	 1	0:00	1:00	D
   1100 Rule	Halifax	1916	only	-	Oct	 1	0:00	0	S
   1101 Rule	Halifax	1920	only	-	May	 9	0:00	1:00	D
   1102 Rule	Halifax	1920	only	-	Aug	29	0:00	0	S
   1103 Rule	Halifax	1921	only	-	May	 6	0:00	1:00	D
   1104 Rule	Halifax	1921	1922	-	Sep	 5	0:00	0	S
   1105 Rule	Halifax	1922	only	-	Apr	30	0:00	1:00	D
   1106 Rule	Halifax	1923	1925	-	May	Sun>=1	0:00	1:00	D
   1107 Rule	Halifax	1923	only	-	Sep	 4	0:00	0	S
   1108 Rule	Halifax	1924	only	-	Sep	15	0:00	0	S
   1109 Rule	Halifax	1925	only	-	Sep	28	0:00	0	S
   1110 Rule	Halifax	1926	only	-	May	16	0:00	1:00	D
   1111 Rule	Halifax	1926	only	-	Sep	13	0:00	0	S
   1112 Rule	Halifax	1927	only	-	May	 1	0:00	1:00	D
   1113 Rule	Halifax	1927	only	-	Sep	26	0:00	0	S
   1114 Rule	Halifax	1928	1931	-	May	Sun>=8	0:00	1:00	D
   1115 Rule	Halifax	1928	only	-	Sep	 9	0:00	0	S
   1116 Rule	Halifax	1929	only	-	Sep	 3	0:00	0	S
   1117 Rule	Halifax	1930	only	-	Sep	15	0:00	0	S
   1118 Rule	Halifax	1931	1932	-	Sep	Mon>=24	0:00	0	S
   1119 Rule	Halifax	1932	only	-	May	 1	0:00	1:00	D
   1120 Rule	Halifax	1933	only	-	Apr	30	0:00	1:00	D
   1121 Rule	Halifax	1933	only	-	Oct	 2	0:00	0	S
   1122 Rule	Halifax	1934	only	-	May	20	0:00	1:00	D
   1123 Rule	Halifax	1934	only	-	Sep	16	0:00	0	S
   1124 Rule	Halifax	1935	only	-	Jun	 2	0:00	1:00	D
   1125 Rule	Halifax	1935	only	-	Sep	30	0:00	0	S
   1126 Rule	Halifax	1936	only	-	Jun	 1	0:00	1:00	D
   1127 Rule	Halifax	1936	only	-	Sep	14	0:00	0	S
   1128 Rule	Halifax	1937	1938	-	May	Sun>=1	0:00	1:00	D
   1129 Rule	Halifax	1937	1941	-	Sep	Mon>=24	0:00	0	S
   1130 Rule	Halifax	1939	only	-	May	28	0:00	1:00	D
   1131 Rule	Halifax	1940	1941	-	May	Sun>=1	0:00	1:00	D
   1132 Rule	Halifax	1946	1949	-	Apr	lastSun	2:00	1:00	D
   1133 Rule	Halifax	1946	1949	-	Sep	lastSun	2:00	0	S
   1134 Rule	Halifax	1951	1954	-	Apr	lastSun	2:00	1:00	D
   1135 Rule	Halifax	1951	1954	-	Sep	lastSun	2:00	0	S
   1136 Rule	Halifax	1956	1959	-	Apr	lastSun	2:00	1:00	D
   1137 Rule	Halifax	1956	1959	-	Sep	lastSun	2:00	0	S
   1138 Rule	Halifax	1962	1973	-	Apr	lastSun	2:00	1:00	D
   1139 Rule	Halifax	1962	1973	-	Oct	lastSun	2:00	0	S
   1140 # Zone	NAME		GMTOFF	RULES	FORMAT	[UNTIL]
   1141 Zone America/Halifax	-4:14:24 -	LMT	1902 Jun 15
   1142 			-4:00	Halifax	A%sT	1918
   1143 			-4:00	Canada	A%sT	1919
   1144 			-4:00	Halifax	A%sT	1942 Feb  9 2:00s
   1145 			-4:00	Canada	A%sT	1946
   1146 			-4:00	Halifax	A%sT	1974
   1147 			-4:00	Canada	A%sT
   1148 Zone America/Glace_Bay	-3:59:48 -	LMT	1902 Jun 15
   1149 			-4:00	Canada	A%sT	1953
   1150 			-4:00	Halifax	A%sT	1954
   1151 			-4:00	-	AST	1972
   1152 			-4:00	Halifax	A%sT	1974
   1153 			-4:00	Canada	A%sT
   1154 
   1155 # New Brunswick
   1156 
   1157 # From Paul Eggert (2007-01-31):
   1158 # The Time Definition Act <http://www.gnb.ca/0062/PDF-acts/t-06.pdf>
   1159 # says they changed at 00:01 through 2006, and
   1160 # <http://www.canlii.org/nb/laws/sta/t-6/20030127/whole.html> makes it
   1161 # clear that this was the case since at least 1993.
   1162 # For now, assume it started in 1993.
   1163 
   1164 # Rule	NAME	FROM	TO	TYPE	IN	ON	AT	SAVE	LETTER/S
   1165 Rule	Moncton	1933	1935	-	Jun	Sun>=8	1:00	1:00	D
   1166 Rule	Moncton	1933	1935	-	Sep	Sun>=8	1:00	0	S
   1167 Rule	Moncton	1936	1938	-	Jun	Sun>=1	1:00	1:00	D
   1168 Rule	Moncton	1936	1938	-	Sep	Sun>=1	1:00	0	S
   1169 Rule	Moncton	1939	only	-	May	27	1:00	1:00	D
   1170 Rule	Moncton	1939	1941	-	Sep	Sat>=21	1:00	0	S
   1171 Rule	Moncton	1940	only	-	May	19	1:00	1:00	D
   1172 Rule	Moncton	1941	only	-	May	 4	1:00	1:00	D
   1173 Rule	Moncton	1946	1972	-	Apr	lastSun	2:00	1:00	D
   1174 Rule	Moncton	1946	1956	-	Sep	lastSun	2:00	0	S
   1175 Rule	Moncton	1957	1972	-	Oct	lastSun	2:00	0	S
   1176 Rule	Moncton	1993	2006	-	Apr	Sun>=1	0:01	1:00	D
   1177 Rule	Moncton	1993	2006	-	Oct	lastSun	0:01	0	S
   1178 # Zone	NAME		GMTOFF	RULES	FORMAT	[UNTIL]
   1179 Zone America/Moncton	-4:19:08 -	LMT	1883 Dec  9
   1180 			-5:00	-	EST	1902 Jun 15
   1181 			-4:00	Canada	A%sT	1933
   1182 			-4:00	Moncton	A%sT	1942
   1183 			-4:00	Canada	A%sT	1946
   1184 			-4:00	Moncton	A%sT	1973
   1185 			-4:00	Canada	A%sT	1993
   1186 			-4:00	Moncton	A%sT	2007
   1187 			-4:00	Canada	A%sT
   1188 
   1189 # Quebec
   1190 
   1191 # From Paul Eggert (2006-07-09):
   1192 # Shanks & Pottenger write that since 1970 most of Quebec has been
   1193 # like Montreal.
   1194 
   1195 # From Paul Eggert (2006-06-27):
   1196 # Matthews and Vincent (1998) also write that Quebec east of the -63
   1197 # meridian is supposed to observe AST, but residents as far east as
   1198 # Natashquan use EST/EDT, and residents east of Natashquan use AST.
   1199 # In "Official time in Quebec" the Quebec department of justice writes in
   1200 # http://www.justice.gouv.qc.ca/english/publications/generale/temps-regl-1-a.htm
   1201 # that "The residents of the Municipality of the
   1202 # Cote-Nord-du-Golfe-Saint-Laurent and the municipalities of Saint-Augustin,
   1203 # Bonne-Esperance and Blanc-Sablon apply the Official Time Act as it is
   1204 # written and use Atlantic standard time all year round. The same applies to
   1205 # the residents of the Native facilities along the lower North Shore."
   1206 # <http://www.assnat.qc.ca/eng/37legislature2/Projets-loi/Publics/06-a002.htm>
   1207 # says this common practice was codified into law as of 2007.
   1208 # For lack of better info, guess this practice began around 1970, contra to
   1209 # Shanks & Pottenger who have this region observing AST/ADT.
   1210 
   1211 # Rule	NAME	FROM	TO	TYPE	IN	ON	AT	SAVE	LETTER/S
   1212 Rule	Mont	1917	only	-	Mar	25	2:00	1:00	D
   1213 Rule	Mont	1917	only	-	Apr	24	0:00	0	S
   1214 Rule	Mont	1919	only	-	Mar	31	2:30	1:00	D
   1215 Rule	Mont	1919	only	-	Oct	25	2:30	0	S
   1216 Rule	Mont	1920	only	-	May	 2	2:30	1:00	D
   1217 Rule	Mont	1920	1922	-	Oct	Sun>=1	2:30	0	S
   1218 Rule	Mont	1921	only	-	May	 1	2:00	1:00	D
   1219 Rule	Mont	1922	only	-	Apr	30	2:00	1:00	D
   1220 Rule	Mont	1924	only	-	May	17	2:00	1:00	D
   1221 Rule	Mont	1924	1926	-	Sep	lastSun	2:30	0	S
   1222 Rule	Mont	1925	1926	-	May	Sun>=1	2:00	1:00	D
   1223 # The 1927-to-1937 rules can be expressed more simply as
   1224 # Rule	Mont	1927	1937	-	Apr	lastSat	24:00	1:00	D
   1225 # Rule	Mont	1927	1937	-	Sep	lastSat	24:00	0	S
   1226 # The rules below avoid use of 24:00
   1227 # (which pre-1998 versions of zic cannot handle).
   1228 Rule	Mont	1927	only	-	May	1	0:00	1:00	D
   1229 Rule	Mont	1927	1932	-	Sep	lastSun	0:00	0	S
   1230 Rule	Mont	1928	1931	-	Apr	lastSun	0:00	1:00	D
   1231 Rule	Mont	1932	only	-	May	1	0:00	1:00	D
   1232 Rule	Mont	1933	1940	-	Apr	lastSun	0:00	1:00	D
   1233 Rule	Mont	1933	only	-	Oct	1	0:00	0	S
   1234 Rule	Mont	1934	1939	-	Sep	lastSun	0:00	0	S
   1235 Rule	Mont	1946	1973	-	Apr	lastSun	2:00	1:00	D
   1236 Rule	Mont	1945	1948	-	Sep	lastSun	2:00	0	S
   1237 Rule	Mont	1949	1950	-	Oct	lastSun	2:00	0	S
   1238 Rule	Mont	1951	1956	-	Sep	lastSun	2:00	0	S
   1239 Rule	Mont	1957	1973	-	Oct	lastSun	2:00	0	S
   1240 
   1241 # Zone	NAME		GMTOFF	RULES	FORMAT	[UNTIL]
   1242 Zone America/Blanc-Sablon -3:48:28 -	LMT	1884
   1243 			-4:00	Canada	A%sT	1970
   1244 			-4:00	-	AST
   1245 Zone America/Montreal	-4:54:16 -	LMT	1884
   1246 			-5:00	Mont	E%sT	1918
   1247 			-5:00	Canada	E%sT	1919
   1248 			-5:00	Mont	E%sT	1942 Feb  9 2:00s
   1249 			-5:00	Canada	E%sT	1946
   1250 			-5:00	Mont	E%sT	1974
   1251 			-5:00	Canada	E%sT
   1252 
   1253 
   1254 # Ontario
   1255 
   1256 # From Paul Eggert (2006-07-09):
   1257 # Shanks & Pottenger write that since 1970 most of Ontario has been like
   1258 # Toronto.
   1259 # Thunder Bay skipped DST in 1973.
   1260 # Many smaller locales did not observe peacetime DST until 1974;
   1261 # Nipigon (EST) and Rainy River (CST) are the largest that we know of.
   1262 # Far west Ontario is like Winnipeg; far east Quebec is like Halifax.
   1263 
   1264 # From Mark Brader (2003-07-26):
   1265 # [According to the Toronto Star] Orillia, Ontario, adopted DST
   1266 # effective Saturday, 1912-06-22, 22:00; the article mentions that
   1267 # Port Arthur (now part of Thunder Bay, Ontario) as well as Moose Jaw
   1268 # have already done so.  In Orillia DST was to run until Saturday,
   1269 # 1912-08-31 (no time mentioned), but it was met with considerable
   1270 # hostility from certain segments of the public, and was revoked after
   1271 # only two weeks -- I copied it as Saturday, 1912-07-07, 22:00, but
   1272 # presumably that should be -07-06.  (1912-06-19, -07-12; also letters
   1273 # earlier in June).
   1274 #
   1275 # Kenora, Ontario, was to abandon DST on 1914-06-01 (-05-21).
   1276 
   1277 # From Paul Eggert (1997-10-17):
   1278 # Mark Brader writes that an article in the 1997-10-14 Toronto Star
   1279 # says that Atikokan, Ontario currently does not observe DST,
   1280 # but will vote on 11-10 whether to use EST/EDT.
   1281 # He also writes that the
   1282 # <a href="http://www.gov.on.ca/MBS/english/publications/statregs/conttext.html">
   1283 # Ontario Time Act (1990, Chapter T.9)
   1284 # </a>
   1285 # says that Ontario east of 90W uses EST/EDT, and west of 90W uses CST/CDT.
   1286 # Officially Atikokan is therefore on CST/CDT, and most likely this report
   1287 # concerns a non-official time observed as a matter of local practice.
   1288 #
   1289 # From Paul Eggert (2000-10-02):
   1290 # Matthews and Vincent (1998) write that Atikokan, Pickle Lake, and
   1291 # New Osnaburgh observe CST all year, that Big Trout Lake observes
   1292 # CST/CDT, and that Upsala and Shebandowan observe EST/EDT, all in
   1293 # violation of the official Ontario rules.
   1294 #
   1295 # From Paul Eggert (2006-07-09):
   1296 # Chris Walton (2006-07-06) mentioned an article by Stephanie MacLellan in the
   1297 # 2005-07-21 Chronicle-Journal, which said:
   1298 #
   1299 #	The clocks in Atikokan stay set on standard time year-round.
   1300 #	This means they spend about half the time on central time and
   1301 #	the other half on eastern time.
   1302 #
   1303 #	For the most part, the system works, Mayor Dennis Brown said.
   1304 #
   1305 #	"The majority of businesses in Atikokan deal more with Eastern
   1306 #	Canada, but there are some that deal with Western Canada," he
   1307 #	said.  "I don't see any changes happening here."
   1308 #
   1309 # Walton also writes "Supposedly Pickle Lake and Mishkeegogamang
   1310 # [New Osnaburgh] follow the same practice."
   1311 
   1312 # From Garry McKinnon (2006-07-14) via Chris Walton:
   1313 # I chatted with a member of my board who has an outstanding memory
   1314 # and a long history in Atikokan (and in the telecom industry) and he
   1315 # can say for certain that Atikokan has been practicing the current
   1316 # time keeping since 1952, at least.
   1317 
   1318 # From Paul Eggert (2006-07-17):
   1319 # Shanks & Pottenger say that Atikokan has agreed with Rainy River
   1320 # ever since standard time was introduced, but the information from
   1321 # McKinnon sounds more authoritative.  For now, assume that Atikokan
   1322 # switched to EST immediately after WWII era daylight saving time
   1323 # ended.  This matches the old (less-populous) America/Coral_Harbour
   1324 # entry since our cutoff date of 1970, so we can move
   1325 # America/Coral_Harbour to the 'backward' file.
   1326 
   1327 # Rule	NAME	FROM	TO	TYPE	IN	ON	AT	SAVE	LETTER/S
   1328 Rule	Toronto	1919	only	-	Mar	30	23:30	1:00	D
   1329 Rule	Toronto	1919	only	-	Oct	26	0:00	0	S
   1330 Rule	Toronto	1920	only	-	May	 2	2:00	1:00	D
   1331 Rule	Toronto	1920	only	-	Sep	26	0:00	0	S
   1332 Rule	Toronto	1921	only	-	May	15	2:00	1:00	D
   1333 Rule	Toronto	1921	only	-	Sep	15	2:00	0	S
   1334 Rule	Toronto	1922	1923	-	May	Sun>=8	2:00	1:00	D
   1335 # Shanks & Pottenger say 1923-09-19; assume it's a typo and that "-16"
   1336 # was meant.
   1337 Rule	Toronto	1922	1926	-	Sep	Sun>=15	2:00	0	S
   1338 Rule	Toronto	1924	1927	-	May	Sun>=1	2:00	1:00	D
   1339 # The 1927-to-1939 rules can be expressed more simply as
   1340 # Rule	Toronto	1927	1937	-	Sep	Sun>=25	2:00	0	S
   1341 # Rule	Toronto	1928	1937	-	Apr	Sun>=25	2:00	1:00	D
   1342 # Rule	Toronto	1938	1940	-	Apr	lastSun	2:00	1:00	D
   1343 # Rule	Toronto	1938	1939	-	Sep	lastSun	2:00	0	S
   1344 # The rules below avoid use of Sun>=25
   1345 # (which pre-2004 versions of zic cannot handle).
   1346 Rule	Toronto	1927	1932	-	Sep	lastSun	2:00	0	S
   1347 Rule	Toronto	1928	1931	-	Apr	lastSun	2:00	1:00	D
   1348 Rule	Toronto	1932	only	-	May	1	2:00	1:00	D
   1349 Rule	Toronto	1933	1940	-	Apr	lastSun	2:00	1:00	D
   1350 Rule	Toronto	1933	only	-	Oct	1	2:00	0	S
   1351 Rule	Toronto	1934	1939	-	Sep	lastSun	2:00	0	S
   1352 Rule	Toronto	1945	1946	-	Sep	lastSun	2:00	0	S
   1353 Rule	Toronto	1946	only	-	Apr	lastSun	2:00	1:00	D
   1354 Rule	Toronto	1947	1949	-	Apr	lastSun	0:00	1:00	D
   1355 Rule	Toronto	1947	1948	-	Sep	lastSun	0:00	0	S
   1356 Rule	Toronto	1949	only	-	Nov	lastSun	0:00	0	S
   1357 Rule	Toronto	1950	1973	-	Apr	lastSun	2:00	1:00	D
   1358 Rule	Toronto	1950	only	-	Nov	lastSun	2:00	0	S
   1359 Rule	Toronto	1951	1956	-	Sep	lastSun	2:00	0	S
   1360 # Shanks & Pottenger say Toronto ended DST a week early in 1971,
   1361 # namely on 1971-10-24, but Mark Brader wrote (2003-05-31) that this
   1362 # is wrong, and that he had confirmed it by checking the 1971-10-30
   1363 # Toronto Star, which said that DST was ending 1971-10-31 as usual.
   1364 Rule	Toronto	1957	1973	-	Oct	lastSun	2:00	0	S
   1365 
   1366 # From Paul Eggert (2003-07-27):
   1367 # Willett (1914-03) writes (p. 17) "In the Cities of Fort William, and
   1368 # Port Arthur, Ontario, the principle of the Bill has been in
   1369 # operation for the past three years, and in the City of Moose Jaw,
   1370 # Saskatchewan, for one year."
   1371 
   1372 # From David Bryan via Tory Tronrud, Director/Curator,
   1373 # Thunder Bay Museum (2003-11-12):
   1374 # There is some suggestion, however, that, by-law or not, daylight
   1375 # savings time was being practiced in Fort William and Port Arthur
   1376 # before 1909.... [I]n 1910, the line between the Eastern and Central
   1377 # Time Zones was permanently moved about two hundred miles west to
   1378 # include the Thunder Bay area....  When Canada adopted daylight
   1379 # savings time in 1916, Fort William and Port Arthur, having done so
   1380 # already, did not change their clocks....  During the Second World
   1381 # War,... [t]he cities agreed to implement DST during the summer
   1382 # months for the remainder of the war years.
   1383 
   1384 # Zone	NAME		GMTOFF	RULES	FORMAT	[UNTIL]
   1385 Zone America/Toronto	-5:17:32 -	LMT	1895
   1386 			-5:00	Canada	E%sT	1919
   1387 			-5:00	Toronto	E%sT	1942 Feb  9 2:00s
   1388 			-5:00	Canada	E%sT	1946
   1389 			-5:00	Toronto	E%sT	1974
   1390 			-5:00	Canada	E%sT
   1391 Zone America/Thunder_Bay -5:57:00 -	LMT	1895
   1392 			-6:00	-	CST	1910
   1393 			-5:00	-	EST	1942
   1394 			-5:00	Canada	E%sT	1970
   1395 			-5:00	Mont	E%sT	1973
   1396 			-5:00	-	EST	1974
   1397 			-5:00	Canada	E%sT
   1398 Zone America/Nipigon	-5:53:04 -	LMT	1895
   1399 			-5:00	Canada	E%sT	1940 Sep 29
   1400 			-5:00	1:00	EDT	1942 Feb  9 2:00s
   1401 			-5:00	Canada	E%sT
   1402 Zone America/Rainy_River -6:18:16 -	LMT	1895
   1403 			-6:00	Canada	C%sT	1940 Sep 29
   1404 			-6:00	1:00	CDT	1942 Feb  9 2:00s
   1405 			-6:00	Canada	C%sT
   1406 Zone America/Atikokan	-6:06:28 -	LMT	1895
   1407 			-6:00	Canada	C%sT	1940 Sep 29
   1408 			-6:00	1:00	CDT	1942 Feb  9 2:00s
   1409 			-6:00	Canada	C%sT	1945 Sep 30 2:00
   1410 			-5:00	-	EST
   1411 
   1412 
   1413 # Manitoba
   1414 
   1415 # From Rob Douglas (2006-04-06):
   1416 # the old Manitoba Time Act - as amended by Bill 2, assented to
   1417 # March 27, 1987 ... said ...
   1418 # "between two o'clock Central Standard Time in the morning of
   1419 # the first Sunday of April of each year and two o'clock Central
   1420 # Standard Time in the morning of the last Sunday of October next
   1421 # following, one hour in advance of Central Standard Time."...
   1422 # I believe that the English legislation [of the old time act] had =
   1423 # been assented to (March 22, 1967)....
   1424 # Also, as far as I can tell, there was no order-in-council varying
   1425 # the time of Daylight Saving Time for 2005 and so the provisions of
   1426 # the 1987 version would apply - the changeover was at 2:00 Central
   1427 # Standard Time (i.e. not until 3:00 Central Daylight Time).
   1428 
   1429 # From Paul Eggert (2006-04-10):
   1430 # Shanks & Pottenger say Manitoba switched at 02:00 (not 02:00s)
   1431 # starting 1966.  Since 02:00s is clearly correct for 1967 on, assume
   1432 # it was also 02:00s in 1966.
   1433 
   1434 # Rule	NAME	FROM	TO	TYPE	IN	ON	AT	SAVE	LETTER/S
   1435 Rule	Winn	1916	only	-	Apr	23	0:00	1:00	D
   1436 Rule	Winn	1916	only	-	Sep	17	0:00	0	S
   1437 Rule	Winn	1918	only	-	Apr	14	2:00	1:00	D
   1438 Rule	Winn	1918	only	-	Oct	31	2:00	0	S
   1439 Rule	Winn	1937	only	-	May	16	2:00	1:00	D
   1440 Rule	Winn	1937	only	-	Sep	26	2:00	0	S
   1441 Rule	Winn	1942	only	-	Feb	 9	2:00	1:00	W # War
   1442 Rule	Winn	1945	only	-	Aug	14	23:00u	1:00	P # Peace
   1443 Rule	Winn	1945	only	-	Sep	lastSun	2:00	0	S
   1444 Rule	Winn	1946	only	-	May	12	2:00	1:00	D
   1445 Rule	Winn	1946	only	-	Oct	13	2:00	0	S
   1446 Rule	Winn	1947	1949	-	Apr	lastSun	2:00	1:00	D
   1447 Rule	Winn	1947	1949	-	Sep	lastSun	2:00	0	S
   1448 Rule	Winn	1950	only	-	May	 1	2:00	1:00	D
   1449 Rule	Winn	1950	only	-	Sep	30	2:00	0	S
   1450 Rule	Winn	1951	1960	-	Apr	lastSun	2:00	1:00	D
   1451 Rule	Winn	1951	1958	-	Sep	lastSun	2:00	0	S
   1452 Rule	Winn	1959	only	-	Oct	lastSun	2:00	0	S
   1453 Rule	Winn	1960	only	-	Sep	lastSun	2:00	0	S
   1454 Rule	Winn	1963	only	-	Apr	lastSun	2:00	1:00	D
   1455 Rule	Winn	1963	only	-	Sep	22	2:00	0	S
   1456 Rule	Winn	1966	1986	-	Apr	lastSun	2:00s	1:00	D
   1457 Rule	Winn	1966	2005	-	Oct	lastSun	2:00s	0	S
   1458 Rule	Winn	1987	2005	-	Apr	Sun>=1	2:00s	1:00	D
   1459 # Zone	NAME		GMTOFF	RULES	FORMAT	[UNTIL]
   1460 Zone America/Winnipeg	-6:28:36 -	LMT	1887 Jul 16
   1461 			-6:00	Winn	C%sT	2006
   1462 			-6:00	Canada	C%sT
   1463 
   1464 
   1465 # Saskatchewan
   1466 
   1467 # From Mark Brader (2003-07-26):
   1468 # The first actual adoption of DST in Canada was at the municipal
   1469 # level.  As the [Toronto] Star put it (1912-06-07), "While people
   1470 # elsewhere have long been talking of legislation to save daylight,
   1471 # the city of Moose Jaw [Saskatchewan] has acted on its own hook."
   1472 # DST in Moose Jaw began on Saturday, 1912-06-01 (no time mentioned:
   1473 # presumably late evening, as below), and would run until "the end of
   1474 # the summer".  The discrepancy between municipal time and railroad
   1475 # time was noted.
   1476 
   1477 # From Paul Eggert (2003-07-27):
   1478 # Willett (1914-03) notes that DST "has been in operation ... in the
   1479 # City of Moose Jaw, Saskatchewan, for one year."
   1480 
   1481 # From Paul Eggert (2006-03-22):
   1482 # Shanks & Pottenger say that since 1970 this region has mostly been as Regina.
   1483 # Some western towns (e.g. Swift Current) switched from MST/MDT to CST in 1972.
   1484 # Other western towns (e.g. Lloydminster) are like Edmonton.
   1485 # Matthews and Vincent (1998) write that Denare Beach and Creighton
   1486 # are like Winnipeg, in violation of Saskatchewan law.
   1487 
   1488 # From W. Jones (1992-11-06):
   1489 # The. . .below is based on information I got from our law library, the
   1490 # provincial archives, and the provincial Community Services department.
   1491 # A precise history would require digging through newspaper archives, and
   1492 # since you didn't say what you wanted, I didn't bother.
   1493 #
   1494 # Saskatchewan is split by a time zone meridian (105W) and over the years
   1495 # the boundary became pretty ragged as communities near it reevaluated
   1496 # their affiliations in one direction or the other.  In 1965 a provincial
   1497 # referendum favoured legislating common time practices.
   1498 #
   1499 # On 15 April 1966 the Time Act (c. T-14, Revised Statutes of
   1500 # Saskatchewan 1978) was proclaimed, and established that the eastern
   1501 # part of Saskatchewan would use CST year round, that districts in
   1502 # northwest Saskatchewan would by default follow CST but could opt to
   1503 # follow Mountain Time rules (thus 1 hour difference in the winter and
   1504 # zero in the summer), and that districts in southwest Saskatchewan would
   1505 # by default follow MT but could opt to follow CST.
   1506 #
   1507 # It took a few years for the dust to settle (I know one story of a town
   1508 # on one time zone having its school in another, such that a mom had to
   1509 # serve her family lunch in two shifts), but presently it seems that only
   1510 # a few towns on the border with Alberta (e.g. Lloydminster) follow MT
   1511 # rules any more; all other districts appear to have used CST year round
   1512 # since sometime in the 1960s.
   1513 
   1514 # From Chris Walton (2006-06-26):
   1515 # The Saskatchewan time act which was last updated in 1996 is about 30 pages
   1516 # long and rather painful to read.
   1517 # http://www.qp.gov.sk.ca/documents/English/Statutes/Statutes/T14.pdf
   1518 
   1519 # Rule	NAME	FROM	TO	TYPE	IN	ON	AT	SAVE	LETTER/S
   1520 Rule	Regina	1918	only	-	Apr	14	2:00	1:00	D
   1521 Rule	Regina	1918	only	-	Oct	31	2:00	0	S
   1522 Rule	Regina	1930	1934	-	May	Sun>=1	0:00	1:00	D
   1523 Rule	Regina	1930	1934	-	Oct	Sun>=1	0:00	0	S
   1524 Rule	Regina	1937	1941	-	Apr	Sun>=8	0:00	1:00	D
   1525 Rule	Regina	1937	only	-	Oct	Sun>=8	0:00	0	S
   1526 Rule	Regina	1938	only	-	Oct	Sun>=1	0:00	0	S
   1527 Rule	Regina	1939	1941	-	Oct	Sun>=8	0:00	0	S
   1528 Rule	Regina	1942	only	-	Feb	 9	2:00	1:00	W # War
   1529 Rule	Regina	1945	only	-	Aug	14	23:00u	1:00	P # Peace
   1530 Rule	Regina	1945	only	-	Sep	lastSun	2:00	0	S
   1531 Rule	Regina	1946	only	-	Apr	Sun>=8	2:00	1:00	D
   1532 Rule	Regina	1946	only	-	Oct	Sun>=8	2:00	0	S
   1533 Rule	Regina	1947	1957	-	Apr	lastSun	2:00	1:00	D
   1534 Rule	Regina	1947	1957	-	Sep	lastSun	2:00	0	S
   1535 Rule	Regina	1959	only	-	Apr	lastSun	2:00	1:00	D
   1536 Rule	Regina	1959	only	-	Oct	lastSun	2:00	0	S
   1537 #
   1538 Rule	Swift	1957	only	-	Apr	lastSun	2:00	1:00	D
   1539 Rule	Swift	1957	only	-	Oct	lastSun	2:00	0	S
   1540 Rule	Swift	1959	1961	-	Apr	lastSun	2:00	1:00	D
   1541 Rule	Swift	1959	only	-	Oct	lastSun	2:00	0	S
   1542 Rule	Swift	1960	1961	-	Sep	lastSun	2:00	0	S
   1543 # Zone	NAME		GMTOFF	RULES	FORMAT	[UNTIL]
   1544 Zone America/Regina	-6:58:36 -	LMT	1905 Sep
   1545 			-7:00	Regina	M%sT	1960 Apr lastSun 2:00
   1546 			-6:00	-	CST
   1547 Zone America/Swift_Current -7:11:20 -	LMT	1905 Sep
   1548 			-7:00	Canada	M%sT	1946 Apr lastSun 2:00
   1549 			-7:00	Regina	M%sT	1950
   1550 			-7:00	Swift	M%sT	1972 Apr lastSun 2:00
   1551 			-6:00	-	CST
   1552 
   1553 
   1554 # Alberta
   1555 
   1556 # Rule	NAME	FROM	TO	TYPE	IN	ON	AT	SAVE	LETTER/S
   1557 Rule	Edm	1918	1919	-	Apr	Sun>=8	2:00	1:00	D
   1558 Rule	Edm	1918	only	-	Oct	31	2:00	0	S
   1559 Rule	Edm	1919	only	-	May	27	2:00	0	S
   1560 Rule	Edm	1920	1923	-	Apr	lastSun	2:00	1:00	D
   1561 Rule	Edm	1920	only	-	Oct	lastSun	2:00	0	S
   1562 Rule	Edm	1921	1923	-	Sep	lastSun	2:00	0	S
   1563 Rule	Edm	1942	only	-	Feb	 9	2:00	1:00	W # War
   1564 Rule	Edm	1945	only	-	Aug	14	23:00u	1:00	P # Peace
   1565 Rule	Edm	1945	only	-	Sep	lastSun	2:00	0	S
   1566 Rule	Edm	1947	only	-	Apr	lastSun	2:00	1:00	D
   1567 Rule	Edm	1947	only	-	Sep	lastSun	2:00	0	S
   1568 Rule	Edm	1967	only	-	Apr	lastSun	2:00	1:00	D
   1569 Rule	Edm	1967	only	-	Oct	lastSun	2:00	0	S
   1570 Rule	Edm	1969	only	-	Apr	lastSun	2:00	1:00	D
   1571 Rule	Edm	1969	only	-	Oct	lastSun	2:00	0	S
   1572 Rule	Edm	1972	1986	-	Apr	lastSun	2:00	1:00	D
   1573 Rule	Edm	1972	2006	-	Oct	lastSun	2:00	0	S
   1574 # Zone	NAME		GMTOFF	RULES	FORMAT	[UNTIL]
   1575 Zone America/Edmonton	-7:33:52 -	LMT	1906 Sep
   1576 			-7:00	Edm	M%sT	1987
   1577 			-7:00	Canada	M%sT
   1578 
   1579 
   1580 # British Columbia
   1581 
   1582 # From Paul Eggert (2006-03-22):
   1583 # Shanks & Pottenger write that since 1970 most of this region has
   1584 # been like Vancouver.
   1585 # Dawson Creek uses MST.  Much of east BC is like Edmonton.
   1586 # Matthews and Vincent (1998) write that Creston is like Dawson Creek.
   1587 
   1588 # Rule	NAME	FROM	TO	TYPE	IN	ON	AT	SAVE	LETTER/S
   1589 Rule	Vanc	1918	only	-	Apr	14	2:00	1:00	D
   1590 Rule	Vanc	1918	only	-	Oct	31	2:00	0	S
   1591 Rule	Vanc	1942	only	-	Feb	 9	2:00	1:00	W # War
   1592 Rule	Vanc	1945	only	-	Aug	14	23:00u	1:00	P # Peace
   1593 Rule	Vanc	1945	only	-	Sep	30	2:00	0	S
   1594 Rule	Vanc	1946	1986	-	Apr	lastSun	2:00	1:00	D
   1595 Rule	Vanc	1946	only	-	Oct	13	2:00	0	S
   1596 Rule	Vanc	1947	1961	-	Sep	lastSun	2:00	0	S
   1597 Rule	Vanc	1962	2006	-	Oct	lastSun	2:00	0	S
   1598 # Zone	NAME		GMTOFF	RULES	FORMAT	[UNTIL]
   1599 Zone America/Vancouver	-8:12:28 -	LMT	1884
   1600 			-8:00	Vanc	P%sT	1987
   1601 			-8:00	Canada	P%sT
   1602 Zone America/Dawson_Creek -8:00:56 -	LMT	1884
   1603 			-8:00	Canada	P%sT	1947
   1604 			-8:00	Vanc	P%sT	1972 Aug 30 2:00
   1605 			-7:00	-	MST
   1606 
   1607 
   1608 # Northwest Territories, Nunavut, Yukon
   1609 
   1610 # From Paul Eggert (2006-03-22):
   1611 # Dawson switched to PST in 1973.  Inuvik switched to MST in 1979.
   1612 # Mathew Englander (1996-10-07) gives the following refs:
   1613 #	* 1967. Paragraph 28(34)(g) of the Interpretation Act, S.C. 1967-68,
   1614 #	c. 7 defines Yukon standard time as UTC-9.  This is still valid;
   1615 #	see Interpretation Act, R.S.C. 1985, c. I-21, s. 35(1).
   1616 #	* C.O. 1973/214 switched Yukon to PST on 1973-10-28 00:00.
   1617 #	* O.I.C. 1980/02 established DST.
   1618 #	* O.I.C. 1987/056 changed DST to Apr firstSun 2:00 to Oct lastSun 2:00.
   1619 # Shanks & Pottenger say Yukon's 1973-10-28 switch was at 2:00; go
   1620 # with Englander.
   1621 # From Chris Walton (2006-06-26):
   1622 # Here is a link to the old daylight saving portion of the interpretation
   1623 # act which was last updated in 1987:
   1624 # http://www.gov.yk.ca/legislation/regs/oic1987_056.pdf
   1625 
   1626 # From Rives McDow (1999-09-04):
   1627 # Nunavut ... moved ... to incorporate the whole territory into one time zone.
   1628 # <a href="http://www.nunatsiaq.com/nunavut/nvt90903_13.html">
   1629 # Nunavut moves to single time zone Oct. 31
   1630 # </a>
   1631 #
   1632 # From Antoine Leca (1999-09-06):
   1633 # We then need to create a new timezone for the Kitikmeot region of Nunavut
   1634 # to differentiate it from the Yellowknife region.
   1635 
   1636 # From Paul Eggert (1999-09-20):
   1637 # <a href="http://www.nunavut.com/basicfacts/english/basicfacts_1territory.html">
   1638 # Basic Facts: The New Territory
   1639 # </a> (1999) reports that Pangnirtung operates on eastern time,
   1640 # and that Coral Harbour does not observe DST.  We don't know when
   1641 # Pangnirtung switched to eastern time; we'll guess 1995.
   1642 
   1643 # From Rives McDow (1999-11-08):
   1644 # On October 31, when the rest of Nunavut went to Central time,
   1645 # Pangnirtung wobbled.  Here is the result of their wobble:
   1646 #
   1647 # The following businesses and organizations in Pangnirtung use Central Time:
   1648 #
   1649 #	First Air, Power Corp, Nunavut Construction, Health Center, RCMP,
   1650 #	Eastern Arctic National Parks, A & D Specialist
   1651 #
   1652 # The following businesses and organizations in Pangnirtung use Eastern Time:
   1653 #
   1654 #	Hamlet office, All other businesses, Both schools, Airport operator
   1655 #
   1656 # This has made for an interesting situation there, which warranted the news.
   1657 # No one there that I spoke with seems concerned, or has plans to
   1658 # change the local methods of keeping time, as it evidently does not
   1659 # really interfere with any activities or make things difficult locally.
   1660 # They plan to celebrate New Year's turn-over twice, one hour apart,
   1661 # so it appears that the situation will last at least that long.
   1662 # The Nunavut Intergovernmental Affairs hopes that they will "come to
   1663 # their senses", but the locals evidently don't see any problem with
   1664 # the current state of affairs.
   1665 
   1666 # From Michaela Rodrigue, writing in the
   1667 # <a href="http://www.nunatsiaq.com/archives/nunavut991130/nvt91119_17.html">
   1668 # Nunatsiaq News (1999-11-19)</a>:
   1669 # Clyde River, Pangnirtung and Sanikiluaq now operate with two time zones,
   1670 # central - or Nunavut time - for government offices, and eastern time
   1671 # for municipal offices and schools....  Igloolik [was similar but then]
   1672 # made the switch to central time on Saturday, Nov. 6.
   1673 
   1674 # From Paul Eggert (2000-10-02):
   1675 # Matthews and Vincent (1998) say the following, but we lack histories
   1676 # for these potential new Zones.
   1677 #
   1678 # The Canadian Forces station at Alert uses Eastern Time while the
   1679 # handful of residents at the Eureka weather station [in the Central
   1680 # zone] skip daylight savings.  Baffin Island, which is crossed by the
   1681 # Central, Eastern and Atlantic Time zones only uses Eastern Time.
   1682 # Gjoa Haven, Taloyoak and Pelly Bay all use Mountain instead of
   1683 # Central Time and Southampton Island [in the Central zone] is not
   1684 # required to use daylight savings.
   1685 
   1686 # From
   1687 # <a href="http://www.nunatsiaq.com/archives/nunavut001130/nvt21110_02.html">
   1688 # Nunavut now has two time zones
   1689 # </a> (2000-11-10):
   1690 # The Nunavut government would allow its employees in Kugluktuk and
   1691 # Cambridge Bay to operate on central time year-round, putting them
   1692 # one hour behind the rest of Nunavut for six months during the winter.
   1693 # At the end of October the two communities had rebelled against
   1694 # Nunavut's unified time zone, refusing to shift to eastern time with
   1695 # the rest of the territory for the winter.  Cambridge Bay remained on
   1696 # central time, while Kugluktuk, even farther west, reverted to
   1697 # mountain time, which they had used before the advent of Nunavut's
   1698 # unified time zone in 1999.
   1699 #
   1700 # From Rives McDow (2001-01-20), quoting the Nunavut government:
   1701 # The preceding decision came into effect at midnight, Saturday Nov 4, 2000.
   1702 
   1703 # From Paul Eggert (2000-12-04):
   1704 # Let's just keep track of the official times for now.
   1705 
   1706 # From Rives McDow (2001-03-07):
   1707 # The premier of Nunavut has issued a ministerial statement advising
   1708 # that effective 2001-04-01, the territory of Nunavut will revert
   1709 # back to three time zones (mountain, central, and eastern).  Of the
   1710 # cities in Nunavut, Coral Harbor is the only one that I know of that
   1711 # has said it will not observe dst, staying on EST year round.  I'm
   1712 # checking for more info, and will get back to you if I come up with
   1713 # more.
   1714 # [Also see <http://www.nunatsiaq.com/nunavut/nvt10309_06.html> (2001-03-09).]
   1715 
   1716 # From Gwillim Law (2005-05-21):
   1717 # According to maps at
   1718 # http://inms-ienm.nrc-cnrc.gc.ca/images/time_services/TZ01SWE.jpg
   1719 # http://inms-ienm.nrc-cnrc.gc.ca/images/time_services/TZ01SSE.jpg
   1720 # (both dated 2003), and
   1721 # http://www.canadiangeographic.ca/Magazine/SO98/geomap.asp
   1722 # (from a 1998 Canadian Geographic article), the de facto and de jure time
   1723 # for Southampton Island (at the north end of Hudson Bay) is UTC-5 all year
   1724 # round.  Using Google, it's easy to find other websites that confirm this.
   1725 # I wasn't able to find how far back this time regimen goes, but since it
   1726 # predates the creation of Nunavut, it probably goes back many years....
   1727 # The Inuktitut name of Coral Harbour is Sallit, but it's rarely used.
   1728 #
   1729 # From Paul Eggert (2005-07-26):
   1730 # For lack of better information, assume that Southampton Island observed
   1731 # daylight saving only during wartime.
   1732 
   1733 # From Chris Walton (2007-03-01):
   1734 # ... the community of Resolute (located on Cornwallis Island in
   1735 # Nunavut) moved from Central Time to Eastern Time last November.
   1736 # Basically the community did not change its clocks at the end of
   1737 # daylight saving....
   1738 # http://www.nnsl.com/frames/newspapers/2006-11/nov13_06none.html
   1739 
   1740 # From Chris Walton (2007-03-14):
   1741 # Today I phoned the "hamlet office" to find out what Resolute was doing with
   1742 # its clocks.
   1743 #
   1744 # The individual that answered the phone confirmed that the clocks did not
   1745 # move at the end of daylight saving on October 29/2006.  He also told me that
   1746 # the clocks did not move this past weekend (March 11/2007)....
   1747 
   1748 # From Chris Walton (2008-11-13):
   1749 # ...the residents of Resolute believe that they are changing "time zones"
   1750 # twice a year.  In winter months, local time is qualified with "Eastern
   1751 # Time" which is really "Eastern Standard Time (UTC-5)".  In summer
   1752 # months, local time is qualified with "Central Time" which is really
   1753 # "Central Daylight Time (UTC-5)"...
   1754 
   1755 # Rule	NAME	FROM	TO	TYPE	IN	ON	AT	SAVE	LETTER/S
   1756 Rule	NT_YK	1918	only	-	Apr	14	2:00	1:00	D
   1757 Rule	NT_YK	1918	only	-	Oct	27	2:00	0	S
   1758 Rule	NT_YK	1919	only	-	May	25	2:00	1:00	D
   1759 Rule	NT_YK	1919	only	-	Nov	 1	0:00	0	S
   1760 Rule	NT_YK	1942	only	-	Feb	 9	2:00	1:00	W # War
   1761 Rule	NT_YK	1945	only	-	Aug	14	23:00u	1:00	P # Peace
   1762 Rule	NT_YK	1945	only	-	Sep	30	2:00	0	S
   1763 Rule	NT_YK	1965	only	-	Apr	lastSun	0:00	2:00	DD
   1764 Rule	NT_YK	1965	only	-	Oct	lastSun	2:00	0	S
   1765 Rule	NT_YK	1980	1986	-	Apr	lastSun	2:00	1:00	D
   1766 Rule	NT_YK	1980	2006	-	Oct	lastSun	2:00	0	S
   1767 Rule	NT_YK	1987	2006	-	Apr	Sun>=1	2:00	1:00	D
   1768 # Zone	NAME		GMTOFF	RULES	FORMAT	[UNTIL]
   1769 # aka Panniqtuuq
   1770 Zone America/Pangnirtung 0	-	zzz	1921 # trading post est.
   1771 			-4:00	NT_YK	A%sT	1995 Apr Sun>=1 2:00
   1772 			-5:00	Canada	E%sT	1999 Oct 31 2:00
   1773 			-6:00	Canada	C%sT	2000 Oct 29 2:00
   1774 			-5:00	Canada	E%sT
   1775 # formerly Frobisher Bay
   1776 Zone America/Iqaluit	0	-	zzz	1942 Aug # Frobisher Bay est.
   1777 			-5:00	NT_YK	E%sT	1999 Oct 31 2:00
   1778 			-6:00	Canada	C%sT	2000 Oct 29 2:00
   1779 			-5:00	Canada	E%sT
   1780 # aka Qausuittuq
   1781 # Rule	NAME	FROM	TO	TYPE	IN	ON	AT	SAVE	LETTER/S
   1782 Rule	Resolute 2006	max	-	Nov	Sun>=1	2:00	0	ES
   1783 Rule	Resolute 2007	max	-	Mar	Sun>=8	2:00	0	CD
   1784 Zone America/Resolute	0	-	zzz	1947 Aug 31 # Resolute founded
   1785 			-6:00	NT_YK	C%sT	2000 Oct 29 2:00
   1786 			-5:00	-	EST	2001 Apr  1 3:00
   1787 			-6:00	Canada	C%sT	2006 Oct 29 2:00
   1788 			-5:00	Resolute	%sT
   1789 # aka Kangiqiniq
   1790 Zone America/Rankin_Inlet 0	-	zzz	1957 # Rankin Inlet founded
   1791 			-6:00	NT_YK	C%sT	2000 Oct 29 2:00
   1792 			-5:00	-	EST	2001 Apr  1 3:00
   1793 			-6:00	Canada	C%sT
   1794 # aka Iqaluktuuttiaq
   1795 Zone America/Cambridge_Bay 0	-	zzz	1920 # trading post est.?
   1796 			-7:00	NT_YK	M%sT	1999 Oct 31 2:00
   1797 			-6:00	Canada	C%sT	2000 Oct 29 2:00
   1798 			-5:00	-	EST	2000 Nov  5 0:00
   1799 			-6:00	-	CST	2001 Apr  1 3:00
   1800 			-7:00	Canada	M%sT
   1801 Zone America/Yellowknife 0	-	zzz	1935 # Yellowknife founded?
   1802 			-7:00	NT_YK	M%sT	1980
   1803 			-7:00	Canada	M%sT
   1804 Zone America/Inuvik	0	-	zzz	1953 # Inuvik founded
   1805 			-8:00	NT_YK	P%sT	1979 Apr lastSun 2:00
   1806 			-7:00	NT_YK	M%sT	1980
   1807 			-7:00	Canada	M%sT
   1808 Zone America/Whitehorse	-9:00:12 -	LMT	1900 Aug 20
   1809 			-9:00	NT_YK	Y%sT	1966 Jul 1 2:00
   1810 			-8:00	NT_YK	P%sT	1980
   1811 			-8:00	Canada	P%sT
   1812 Zone America/Dawson	-9:17:40 -	LMT	1900 Aug 20
   1813 			-9:00	NT_YK	Y%sT	1973 Oct 28 0:00
   1814 			-8:00	NT_YK	P%sT	1980
   1815 			-8:00	Canada	P%sT
   1816 
   1817 
   1818 ###############################################################################
   1819 
   1820 # Mexico
   1821 
   1822 # From Paul Eggert (2001-03-05):
   1823 # The Investigation and Analysis Service of the
   1824 # Mexican Library of Congress (MLoC) has published a
   1825 # <a href="http://www.cddhcu.gob.mx/bibliot/publica/inveyana/polisoc/horver/">
   1826 # history of Mexican local time (in Spanish)
   1827 # </a>.
   1828 #
   1829 # Here are the discrepancies between Shanks & Pottenger (S&P) and the MLoC.
   1830 # (In all cases we go with the MLoC.)
   1831 # S&P report that Baja was at -8:00 in 1922/1923.
   1832 # S&P say the 1930 transition in Baja was 1930-11-16.
   1833 # S&P report no DST during summer 1931.
   1834 # S&P report a transition at 1932-03-30 23:00, not 1932-04-01.
   1835 
   1836 # From Gwillim Law (2001-02-20):
   1837 # There are some other discrepancies between the Decrees page and the
   1838 # tz database.  I think they can best be explained by supposing that
   1839 # the researchers who prepared the Decrees page failed to find some of
   1840 # the relevant documents.
   1841 
   1842 # From Alan Perry (1996-02-15):
   1843 # A guy from our Mexico subsidiary finally found the Presidential Decree
   1844 # outlining the timezone changes in Mexico.
   1845 #
   1846 # ------------- Begin Forwarded Message -------------
   1847 #
   1848 # I finally got my hands on the Official Presidential Decree that sets up the
   1849 # rules for the DST changes. The rules are:
   1850 #
   1851 # 1. The country is divided in 3 timezones:
   1852 #    - Baja California Norte (the Mexico/BajaNorte TZ)
   1853 #    - Baja California Sur, Nayarit, Sinaloa and Sonora (the Mexico/BajaSur TZ)
   1854 #    - The rest of the country (the Mexico/General TZ)
   1855 #
   1856 # 2. From the first Sunday in April at 2:00 AM to the last Sunday in October
   1857 #    at 2:00 AM, the times in each zone are as follows:
   1858 #    BajaNorte: GMT+7
   1859 #    BajaSur:   GMT+6
   1860 #    General:   GMT+5
   1861 #
   1862 # 3. The rest of the year, the times are as follows:
   1863 #    BajaNorte: GMT+8
   1864 #    BajaSur:   GMT+7
   1865 #    General:   GMT+6
   1866 #
   1867 # The Decree was published in Mexico's Official Newspaper on January 4th.
   1868 #
   1869 # -------------- End Forwarded Message --------------
   1870 # From Paul Eggert (1996-06-12):
   1871 # For an English translation of the decree, see
   1872 # <a href="http://mexico-travel.com/extra/timezone_eng.html">
   1873 # ``Diario Oficial: Time Zone Changeover'' (1996-01-04).
   1874 # </a>
   1875 
   1876 # From Rives McDow (1998-10-08):
   1877 # The State of Quintana Roo has reverted back to central STD and DST times
   1878 # (i.e. UTC -0600 and -0500 as of 1998-08-02).
   1879 
   1880 # From Rives McDow (2000-01-10):
   1881 # Effective April 4, 1999 at 2:00 AM local time, Sonora changed to the time
   1882 # zone 5 hours from the International Date Line, and will not observe daylight
   1883 # savings time so as to stay on the same time zone as the southern part of
   1884 # Arizona year round.
   1885 
   1886 # From Jesper Norgaard, translating
   1887 # <http://www.reforma.com/nacional/articulo/064327/> (2001-01-17):
   1888 # In Oaxaca, the 55.000 teachers from the Section 22 of the National
   1889 # Syndicate of Education Workers, refuse to apply daylight saving each
   1890 # year, so that the more than 10,000 schools work at normal hour the
   1891 # whole year.
   1892 
   1893 # From Gwillim Law (2001-01-19):
   1894 # <http://www.reforma.com/negocios_y_dinero/articulo/064481/> ... says
   1895 # (translated):...
   1896 # January 17, 2000 - The Energy Secretary, Ernesto Martens, announced
   1897 # that Summer Time will be reduced from seven to five months, starting
   1898 # this year....
   1899 # <http://www.publico.com.mx/scripts/texto3.asp?action=pagina&pag=21&pos=p&secc=naci&date=01/17/2001>
   1900 # [translated], says "summer time will ... take effect on the first Sunday
   1901 # in May, and end on the last Sunday of September.
   1902 
   1903 # From Arthur David Olson (2001-01-25):
   1904 # The 2001-01-24 traditional Washington Post contained the page one
   1905 # story "Timely Issue Divides Mexicans."...
   1906 # http://www.washingtonpost.com/wp-dyn/articles/A37383-2001Jan23.html
   1907 # ... Mexico City Mayor Lopez Obrador "...is threatening to keep
   1908 # Mexico City and its 20 million residents on a different time than
   1909 # the rest of the country..." In particular, Lopez Obrador would abolish
   1910 # observation of Daylight Saving Time.
   1911 
   1912 # <a href="http://www.conae.gob.mx/ahorro/decretohorver2001.html#decre">
   1913 # Official statute published by the Energy Department
   1914 # </a> (2001-02-01) shows Baja and Chihauhua as still using US DST rules,
   1915 # and Sonora with no DST.  This was reported by Jesper Norgaard (2001-02-03).
   1916 
   1917 # From Paul Eggert (2001-03-03):
   1918 #
   1919 # <a href="http://www.latimes.com/news/nation/20010303/t000018766.html">
   1920 # James F. Smith writes in today's LA Times
   1921 # </a>
   1922 # * Sonora will continue to observe standard time.
   1923 # * Last week Mexico City's mayor Andres Manuel Lopez Obrador decreed that
   1924 #   the Federal District will not adopt DST.
   1925 # * 4 of 16 district leaders announced they'll ignore the decree.
   1926 # * The decree does not affect federal-controlled facilities including
   1927 #   the airport, banks, hospitals, and schools.
   1928 #
   1929 # For now we'll assume that the Federal District will bow to federal rules.
   1930 
   1931 # From Jesper Norgaard (2001-04-01):
   1932 # I found some references to the Mexican application of daylight
   1933 # saving, which modifies what I had already sent you, stating earlier
   1934 # that a number of northern Mexican states would go on daylight
   1935 # saving. The modification reverts this to only cover Baja California
   1936 # (Norte), while all other states (except Sonora, who has no daylight
   1937 # saving all year) will follow the original decree of president
   1938 # Vicente Fox, starting daylight saving May 6, 2001 and ending
   1939 # September 30, 2001.
   1940 # References: "Diario de Monterrey" <www.diariodemonterrey.com/index.asp>
   1941 # Palabra <http://palabra.infosel.com/010331/primera/ppri3101.pdf> (2001-03-31)
   1942 
   1943 # From Reuters (2001-09-04):
   1944 # Mexico's Supreme Court on Tuesday declared that daylight savings was
   1945 # unconstitutional in Mexico City, creating the possibility the
   1946 # capital will be in a different time zone from the rest of the nation
   1947 # next year....  The Supreme Court's ruling takes effect at 2:00
   1948 # a.m. (0800 GMT) on Sept. 30, when Mexico is scheduled to revert to
   1949 # standard time. "This is so residents of the Federal District are not
   1950 # subject to unexpected time changes," a statement from the court said.
   1951 
   1952 # From Jesper Norgaard Welen (2002-03-12):
   1953 # ... consulting my local grocery store(!) and my coworkers, they all insisted
   1954 # that a new decision had been made to reinstate US style DST in Mexico....
   1955 # http://www.conae.gob.mx/ahorro/horaver2001_m1_2002.html (2002-02-20)
   1956 # confirms this.  Sonora as usual is the only state where DST is not applied.
   1957 
   1958 # Rule	NAME	FROM	TO	TYPE	IN	ON	AT	SAVE	LETTER/S
   1959 Rule	Mexico	1939	only	-	Feb	5	0:00	1:00	D
   1960 Rule	Mexico	1939	only	-	Jun	25	0:00	0	S
   1961 Rule	Mexico	1940	only	-	Dec	9	0:00	1:00	D
   1962 Rule	Mexico	1941	only	-	Apr	1	0:00	0	S
   1963 Rule	Mexico	1943	only	-	Dec	16	0:00	1:00	W # War
   1964 Rule	Mexico	1944	only	-	May	1	0:00	0	S
   1965 Rule	Mexico	1950	only	-	Feb	12	0:00	1:00	D
   1966 Rule	Mexico	1950	only	-	Jul	30	0:00	0	S
   1967 Rule	Mexico	1996	2000	-	Apr	Sun>=1	2:00	1:00	D
   1968 Rule	Mexico	1996	2000	-	Oct	lastSun	2:00	0	S
   1969 Rule	Mexico	2001	only	-	May	Sun>=1	2:00	1:00	D
   1970 Rule	Mexico	2001	only	-	Sep	lastSun	2:00	0	S
   1971 Rule	Mexico	2002	max	-	Apr	Sun>=1	2:00	1:00	D
   1972 Rule	Mexico	2002	max	-	Oct	lastSun	2:00	0	S
   1973 # Zone	NAME		GMTOFF	RULES	FORMAT	[UNTIL]
   1974 # Quintana Roo
   1975 Zone America/Cancun	-5:47:04 -	LMT	1922 Jan  1  0:12:56
   1976 			-6:00	-	CST	1981 Dec 23
   1977 			-5:00	Mexico	E%sT	1998 Aug  2  2:00
   1978 			-6:00	Mexico	C%sT
   1979 # Campeche, Yucatan
   1980 Zone America/Merida	-5:58:28 -	LMT	1922 Jan  1  0:01:32
   1981 			-6:00	-	CST	1981 Dec 23
   1982 			-5:00	-	EST	1982 Dec  2
   1983 			-6:00	Mexico	C%sT
   1984 # Coahuila, Durango, Nuevo Leon, Tamaulipas
   1985 Zone America/Monterrey	-6:41:16 -	LMT	1921 Dec 31 23:18:44
   1986 			-6:00	-	CST	1988
   1987 			-6:00	US	C%sT	1989
   1988 			-6:00	Mexico	C%sT
   1989 # Central Mexico
   1990 Zone America/Mexico_City -6:36:36 -	LMT	1922 Jan  1  0:23:24
   1991 			-7:00	-	MST	1927 Jun 10 23:00
   1992 			-6:00	-	CST	1930 Nov 15
   1993 			-7:00	-	MST	1931 May  1 23:00
   1994 			-6:00	-	CST	1931 Oct
   1995 			-7:00	-	MST	1932 Apr  1
   1996 			-6:00	Mexico	C%sT	2001 Sep 30 02:00
   1997 			-6:00	-	CST	2002 Feb 20
   1998 			-6:00	Mexico	C%sT
   1999 # Chihuahua
   2000 Zone America/Chihuahua	-7:04:20 -	LMT	1921 Dec 31 23:55:40
   2001 			-7:00	-	MST	1927 Jun 10 23:00
   2002 			-6:00	-	CST	1930 Nov 15
   2003 			-7:00	-	MST	1931 May  1 23:00
   2004 			-6:00	-	CST	1931 Oct
   2005 			-7:00	-	MST	1932 Apr  1
   2006 			-6:00	-	CST	1996
   2007 			-6:00	Mexico	C%sT	1998
   2008 			-6:00	-	CST	1998 Apr Sun>=1 3:00
   2009 			-7:00	Mexico	M%sT
   2010 # Sonora
   2011 Zone America/Hermosillo	-7:23:52 -	LMT	1921 Dec 31 23:36:08
   2012 			-7:00	-	MST	1927 Jun 10 23:00
   2013 			-6:00	-	CST	1930 Nov 15
   2014 			-7:00	-	MST	1931 May  1 23:00
   2015 			-6:00	-	CST	1931 Oct
   2016 			-7:00	-	MST	1932 Apr  1
   2017 			-6:00	-	CST	1942 Apr 24
   2018 			-7:00	-	MST	1949 Jan 14
   2019 			-8:00	-	PST	1970
   2020 			-7:00	Mexico	M%sT	1999
   2021 			-7:00	-	MST
   2022 # Baja California Sur, Nayarit, Sinaloa
   2023 Zone America/Mazatlan	-7:05:40 -	LMT	1921 Dec 31 23:54:20
   2024 			-7:00	-	MST	1927 Jun 10 23:00
   2025 			-6:00	-	CST	1930 Nov 15
   2026 			-7:00	-	MST	1931 May  1 23:00
   2027 			-6:00	-	CST	1931 Oct
   2028 			-7:00	-	MST	1932 Apr  1
   2029 			-6:00	-	CST	1942 Apr 24
   2030 			-7:00	-	MST	1949 Jan 14
   2031 			-8:00	-	PST	1970
   2032 			-7:00	Mexico	M%sT
   2033 # Baja California
   2034 Zone America/Tijuana	-7:48:04 -	LMT	1922 Jan  1  0:11:56
   2035 			-7:00	-	MST	1924
   2036 			-8:00	-	PST	1927 Jun 10 23:00
   2037 			-7:00	-	MST	1930 Nov 15
   2038 			-8:00	-	PST	1931 Apr  1
   2039 			-8:00	1:00	PDT	1931 Sep 30
   2040 			-8:00	-	PST	1942 Apr 24
   2041 			-8:00	1:00	PWT	1945 Aug 14 23:00u
   2042 			-8:00	1:00	PPT	1945 Nov 12 # Peace
   2043 			-8:00	-	PST	1948 Apr  5
   2044 			-8:00	1:00	PDT	1949 Jan 14
   2045 			-8:00	-	PST	1954
   2046 			-8:00	CA	P%sT	1961
   2047 			-8:00	-	PST	1976
   2048 			-8:00	US	P%sT	1996
   2049 			-8:00	Mexico	P%sT	2001
   2050 			-8:00	US	P%sT	2002 Feb 20
   2051 			-8:00	Mexico	P%sT
   2052 # From Paul Eggert (2006-03-22):
   2053 # Formerly there was an America/Ensenada zone, which differed from
   2054 # America/Tijuana only in that it did not observe DST from 1976
   2055 # through 1995.  This was as per Shanks (1999).  But Shanks & Pottenger say
   2056 # Ensenada did not observe DST from 1948 through 1975.  Guy Harris reports
   2057 # that the 1987 OAG says "Only Ensenada, Mexicale, San Felipe and
   2058 # Tijuana observe DST," which agrees with Shanks & Pottenger but implies that
   2059 # DST-observance was a town-by-town matter back then.  This concerns
   2060 # data after 1970 so most likely there should be at least one Zone
   2061 # other than America/Tijuana for Baja, but it's not clear yet what its
   2062 # name or contents should be.
   2063 #
   2064 # Revillagigedo Is
   2065 # no information
   2066 
   2067 ###############################################################################
   2068 
   2069 # Anguilla
   2070 # Zone	NAME		GMTOFF	RULES	FORMAT	[UNTIL]
   2071 Zone America/Anguilla	-4:12:16 -	LMT	1912 Mar 2
   2072 			-4:00	-	AST
   2073 
   2074 # Antigua and Barbuda
   2075 # Zone	NAME		GMTOFF	RULES	FORMAT	[UNTIL]
   2076 Zone	America/Antigua	-4:07:12 -	LMT	1912 Mar 2
   2077 			-5:00	-	EST	1951
   2078 			-4:00	-	AST
   2079 
   2080 # Bahamas
   2081 #
   2082 # From Sue Williams (2006-12-07):
   2083 # The Bahamas announced about a month ago that they plan to change their DST
   2084 # rules to sync with the U.S. starting in 2007....
   2085 # http://www.jonesbahamas.com/?c=45&a=10412
   2086 
   2087 # Rule	NAME	FROM	TO	TYPE	IN	ON	AT	SAVE	LETTER/S
   2088 Rule	Bahamas	1964	1975	-	Oct	lastSun	2:00	0	S
   2089 Rule	Bahamas	1964	1975	-	Apr	lastSun	2:00	1:00	D
   2090 # Zone	NAME		GMTOFF	RULES	FORMAT	[UNTIL]
   2091 Zone	America/Nassau	-5:09:24 -	LMT	1912 Mar 2
   2092 			-5:00	Bahamas	E%sT	1976
   2093 			-5:00	US	E%sT
   2094 
   2095 # Barbados
   2096 # Rule	NAME	FROM	TO	TYPE	IN	ON	AT	SAVE	LETTER/S
   2097 Rule	Barb	1977	only	-	Jun	12	2:00	1:00	D
   2098 Rule	Barb	1977	1978	-	Oct	Sun>=1	2:00	0	S
   2099 Rule	Barb	1978	1980	-	Apr	Sun>=15	2:00	1:00	D
   2100 Rule	Barb	1979	only	-	Sep	30	2:00	0	S
   2101 Rule	Barb	1980	only	-	Sep	25	2:00	0	S
   2102 # Zone	NAME		GMTOFF	RULES	FORMAT	[UNTIL]
   2103 Zone America/Barbados	-3:58:28 -	LMT	1924		# Bridgetown
   2104 			-3:58:28 -	BMT	1932	  # Bridgetown Mean Time
   2105 			-4:00	Barb	A%sT
   2106 
   2107 # Belize
   2108 # Whitman entirely disagrees with Shanks; go with Shanks & Pottenger.
   2109 # Rule	NAME	FROM	TO	TYPE	IN	ON	AT	SAVE	LETTER/S
   2110 Rule	Belize	1918	1942	-	Oct	Sun>=2	0:00	0:30	HD
   2111 Rule	Belize	1919	1943	-	Feb	Sun>=9	0:00	0	S
   2112 Rule	Belize	1973	only	-	Dec	 5	0:00	1:00	D
   2113 Rule	Belize	1974	only	-	Feb	 9	0:00	0	S
   2114 Rule	Belize	1982	only	-	Dec	18	0:00	1:00	D
   2115 Rule	Belize	1983	only	-	Feb	12	0:00	0	S
   2116 # Zone	NAME		GMTOFF	RULES	FORMAT	[UNTIL]
   2117 Zone	America/Belize	-5:52:48 -	LMT	1912 Apr
   2118 			-6:00	Belize	C%sT
   2119 
   2120 # Bermuda
   2121 
   2122 # From Dan Jones, reporting in The Royal Gazette (2006-06-26):
   2123 
   2124 # Next year, however, clocks in the US will go forward on the second Sunday
   2125 # in March, until the first Sunday in November.  And, after the Time Zone
   2126 # (Seasonal Variation) Bill 2006 was passed in the House of Assembly on
   2127 # Friday, the same thing will happen in Bermuda.
   2128 # http://www.theroyalgazette.com/apps/pbcs.dll/article?AID=/20060529/NEWS/105290135
   2129 
   2130 # Zone	NAME		GMTOFF	RULES	FORMAT	[UNTIL]
   2131 Zone Atlantic/Bermuda	-4:19:04 -	LMT	1930 Jan  1 2:00    # Hamilton
   2132 			-4:00	-	AST	1974 Apr 28 2:00
   2133 			-4:00	Bahamas	A%sT	1976
   2134 			-4:00	US	A%sT
   2135 
   2136 # Cayman Is
   2137 # Zone	NAME		GMTOFF	RULES	FORMAT	[UNTIL]
   2138 Zone	America/Cayman	-5:25:32 -	LMT	1890		# Georgetown
   2139 			-5:07:12 -	KMT	1912 Feb    # Kingston Mean Time
   2140 			-5:00	-	EST
   2141 
   2142 # Costa Rica
   2143 # Rule	NAME	FROM	TO	TYPE	IN	ON	AT	SAVE	LETTER/S
   2144 Rule	CR	1979	1980	-	Feb	lastSun	0:00	1:00	D
   2145 Rule	CR	1979	1980	-	Jun	Sun>=1	0:00	0	S
   2146 Rule	CR	1991	1992	-	Jan	Sat>=15	0:00	1:00	D
   2147 # IATA SSIM (1991-09) says the following was at 1:00;
   2148 # go with Shanks & Pottenger.
   2149 Rule	CR	1991	only	-	Jul	 1	0:00	0	S
   2150 Rule	CR	1992	only	-	Mar	15	0:00	0	S
   2151 # There are too many San Joses elsewhere, so we'll use `Costa Rica'.
   2152 # Zone	NAME		GMTOFF	RULES	FORMAT	[UNTIL]
   2153 Zone America/Costa_Rica	-5:36:20 -	LMT	1890		# San Jose
   2154 			-5:36:20 -	SJMT	1921 Jan 15 # San Jose Mean Time
   2155 			-6:00	CR	C%sT
   2156 # Coco
   2157 # no information; probably like America/Costa_Rica
   2158 
   2159 # Cuba
   2160 
   2161 # From Arthur David Olson (1999-03-29):
   2162 # The 1999-03-28 exhibition baseball game held in Havana, Cuba, between
   2163 # the Cuban National Team and the Baltimore Orioles was carried live on
   2164 # the Orioles Radio Network, including affiliate WTOP in Washington, DC.
   2165 # During the game, play-by-play announcer Jim Hunter noted that
   2166 # "We'll be losing two hours of sleep...Cuba switched to Daylight Saving
   2167 # Time today."  (The "two hour" remark referred to losing one hour of
   2168 # sleep on 1999-03-28--when the announcers were in Cuba as it switched
   2169 # to DST--and one more hour on 1999-04-04--when the announcers will have
   2170 # returned to Baltimore, which switches on that date.)
   2171 
   2172 # From Evert van der Veer via Steffen Thorsen (2004-10-28):
   2173 # Cuba is not going back to standard time this year.
   2174 # From Paul Eggert (2006-03-22):
   2175 # http://www.granma.cu/ingles/2004/septiembre/juev30/41medid-i.html
   2176 # says that it's due to a problem at the Antonio Guiteras
   2177 # thermoelectric plant, and says "This October there will be no return
   2178 # to normal hours (after daylight saving time)".
   2179 # For now, let's assume that it's a temporary measure.
   2180 
   2181 # From Carlos A. Carnero Delgado (2005-11-12):
   2182 # This year (just like in 2004-2005) there's no change in time zone
   2183 # adjustment in Cuba.  We will stay in daylight saving time:
   2184 # http://www.granma.cu/espanol/2005/noviembre/mier9/horario.html
   2185 
   2186 # From Jesper Norgaard Welen (2006-10-21):
   2187 # An article in GRANMA INTERNACIONAL claims that Cuba will end
   2188 # the 3 years of permanent DST next weekend, see
   2189 # http://www.granma.cu/ingles/2006/octubre/lun16/43horario.html
   2190 # "On Saturday night, October 28 going into Sunday, October 29, at 01:00,
   2191 # watches should be set back one hour -- going back to 00:00 hours -- returning
   2192 # to the normal schedule....
   2193 
   2194 # From Paul Eggert (2007-03-02):
   2195 # http://www.granma.cubaweb.cu/english/news/art89.html, dated yesterday,
   2196 # says Cuban clocks will advance at midnight on March 10.
   2197 # For lack of better information, assume Cuba will use US rules,
   2198 # except that it switches at midnight standard time as usual.
   2199 #
   2200 # From Steffen Thorsen (2007-10-25):
   2201 # Carlos Alberto Fonseca Arauz informed me that Cuba will end DST one week 
   2202 # earlier - on the last Sunday of October, just like in 2006.
   2203 # 
   2204 # He supplied these references:
   2205 # 
   2206 # http://www.prensalatina.com.mx/article.asp?ID=%7B4CC32C1B-A9F7-42FB-8A07-8631AFC923AF%7D&language=ES
   2207 # http://actualidad.terra.es/sociedad/articulo/cuba_llama_ahorrar_energia_cambio_1957044.htm
   2208 # 
   2209 # From Alex Kryvenishev (2007-10-25):
   2210 # Here is also article from Granma (Cuba):
   2211 # 
   2212 # [Regira] el Horario Normal desde el [proximo] domingo 28 de octubre
   2213 # http://www.granma.cubaweb.cu/2007/10/24/nacional/artic07.html
   2214 # 
   2215 # http://www.worldtimezone.com/dst_news/dst_news_cuba03.html
   2216 
   2217 # From Arthur David Olson (2008-03-09):
   2218 # I'm in Maryland which is now observing United States Eastern Daylight
   2219 # Time. At 9:44 local time I used RealPlayer to listen to
   2220 # <a href="http://media.enet.cu/radioreloj">
   2221 # http://media.enet.cu/radioreloj
   2222 # </a>, a Cuban information station, and heard
   2223 # the time announced as "ocho cuarenta y cuatro" ("eight forty-four"),
   2224 # indicating that Cuba is still on standard time.
   2225 
   2226 # From Steffen Thorsen (2008-03-12):
   2227 # It seems that Cuba will start DST on Sunday, 2007-03-16...
   2228 # It was announced yesterday, according to this source (in Spanish):
   2229 # <a href="http://www.nnc.cubaweb.cu/marzo-2008/cien-1-11-3-08.htm">
   2230 # http://www.nnc.cubaweb.cu/marzo-2008/cien-1-11-3-08.htm
   2231 # </a>
   2232 #
   2233 # Some more background information is posted here:
   2234 # <a href="http://www.timeanddate.com/news/time/cuba-starts-dst-march-16.html">
   2235 # http://www.timeanddate.com/news/time/cuba-starts-dst-march-16.html
   2236 # </a>
   2237 #
   2238 # The article also says that Cuba has been observing DST since 1963,
   2239 # while Shanks (and tzdata) has 1965 as the first date (except in the
   2240 # 1940's). Many other web pages in Cuba also claim that it has been
   2241 # observed since 1963, but with the exception of 1970 - an exception
   2242 # which is not present in tzdata/Shanks. So there is a chance we need to
   2243 # change some historic records as well.
   2244 #
   2245 # One example:
   2246 # <a href="http://www.radiohc.cu/espanol/noticias/mar07/11mar/hor.htm">
   2247 # http://www.radiohc.cu/espanol/noticias/mar07/11mar/hor.htm
   2248 # </a>
   2249 
   2250 # From Jesper Norgaard Welen (2008-03-13):
   2251 # The Cuban time change has just been confirmed on the most authoritative
   2252 # web site, the Granma.  Please check out
   2253 # <a href="http://www.granma.cubaweb.cu/2008/03/13/nacional/artic10.html">
   2254 # http://www.granma.cubaweb.cu/2008/03/13/nacional/artic10.html
   2255 # </a>
   2256 #
   2257 # Basically as expected after Steffen Thorsens information, the change
   2258 # will take place midnight between Saturday and Sunday.
   2259 
   2260 # From Arthur David Olson (2008-03-12):
   2261 # Assume Sun>=15 (third Sunday) going forward.
   2262 
   2263 # From Alexander Krivenyshev (2009-03-04)
   2264 # According to the Radio Reloj - Cuba will start Daylight Saving Time on
   2265 # midnight between Saturday, March 07, 2009 and Sunday, March 08, 2009-
   2266 # not on midnight March 14 / March 15 as previously thought.
   2267 #
   2268 # <a href="http://www.worldtimezone.com/dst_news/dst_news_cuba05.html">
   2269 # http://www.worldtimezone.com/dst_news/dst_news_cuba05.html
   2270 # (in Spanish)
   2271 # </a>
   2272 
   2273 # From Arthur David Olson (2009-03-09)
   2274 # I listened over the Internet to
   2275 # <a href="http://media.enet.cu/readioreloj">
   2276 # http://media.enet.cu/readioreloj
   2277 # </a>
   2278 # this morning; when it was 10:05 a. m. here in Bethesda, Maryland the
   2279 # the time was announced as "diez cinco"--the same time as here, indicating
   2280 # that has indeed switched to DST. Assume second Sunday from 2009 forward.
   2281 
   2282 # Rule	NAME	FROM	TO	TYPE	IN	ON	AT	SAVE	LETTER/S
   2283 Rule	Cuba	1928	only	-	Jun	10	0:00	1:00	D
   2284 Rule	Cuba	1928	only	-	Oct	10	0:00	0	S
   2285 Rule	Cuba	1940	1942	-	Jun	Sun>=1	0:00	1:00	D
   2286 Rule	Cuba	1940	1942	-	Sep	Sun>=1	0:00	0	S
   2287 Rule	Cuba	1945	1946	-	Jun	Sun>=1	0:00	1:00	D
   2288 Rule	Cuba	1945	1946	-	Sep	Sun>=1	0:00	0	S
   2289 Rule	Cuba	1965	only	-	Jun	1	0:00	1:00	D
   2290 Rule	Cuba	1965	only	-	Sep	30	0:00	0	S
   2291 Rule	Cuba	1966	only	-	May	29	0:00	1:00	D
   2292 Rule	Cuba	1966	only	-	Oct	2	0:00	0	S
   2293 Rule	Cuba	1967	only	-	Apr	8	0:00	1:00	D
   2294 Rule	Cuba	1967	1968	-	Sep	Sun>=8	0:00	0	S
   2295 Rule	Cuba	1968	only	-	Apr	14	0:00	1:00	D
   2296 Rule	Cuba	1969	1977	-	Apr	lastSun	0:00	1:00	D
   2297 Rule	Cuba	1969	1971	-	Oct	lastSun	0:00	0	S
   2298 Rule	Cuba	1972	1974	-	Oct	8	0:00	0	S
   2299 Rule	Cuba	1975	1977	-	Oct	lastSun	0:00	0	S
   2300 Rule	Cuba	1978	only	-	May	7	0:00	1:00	D
   2301 Rule	Cuba	1978	1990	-	Oct	Sun>=8	0:00	0	S
   2302 Rule	Cuba	1979	1980	-	Mar	Sun>=15	0:00	1:00	D
   2303 Rule	Cuba	1981	1985	-	May	Sun>=5	0:00	1:00	D
   2304 Rule	Cuba	1986	1989	-	Mar	Sun>=14	0:00	1:00	D
   2305 Rule	Cuba	1990	1997	-	Apr	Sun>=1	0:00	1:00	D
   2306 Rule	Cuba	1991	1995	-	Oct	Sun>=8	0:00s	0	S
   2307 Rule	Cuba	1996	only	-	Oct	 6	0:00s	0	S
   2308 Rule	Cuba	1997	only	-	Oct	12	0:00s	0	S
   2309 Rule	Cuba	1998	1999	-	Mar	lastSun	0:00s	1:00	D
   2310 Rule	Cuba	1998	2003	-	Oct	lastSun	0:00s	0	S
   2311 Rule	Cuba	2000	2004	-	Apr	Sun>=1	0:00s	1:00	D
   2312 Rule	Cuba	2006	max	-	Oct	lastSun	0:00s	0	S
   2313 Rule	Cuba	2007	only	-	Mar	Sun>=8	0:00s	1:00	D
   2314 Rule	Cuba	2008	only	-	Mar	Sun>=15	0:00s	1:00	D
   2315 Rule	Cuba	2009	max	-	Mar	Sun>=8	0:00s	1:00	D
   2316 
   2317 # Zone	NAME		GMTOFF	RULES	FORMAT	[UNTIL]
   2318 Zone	America/Havana	-5:29:28 -	LMT	1890
   2319 			-5:29:36 -	HMT	1925 Jul 19 12:00 # Havana MT
   2320 			-5:00	Cuba	C%sT
   2321 
   2322 # Dominica
   2323 # Zone	NAME		GMTOFF	RULES	FORMAT	[UNTIL]
   2324 Zone America/Dominica	-4:05:36 -	LMT	1911 Jul 1 0:01		# Roseau
   2325 			-4:00	-	AST
   2326 
   2327 # Dominican Republic
   2328 
   2329 # From Steffen Thorsen (2000-10-30):
   2330 # Enrique Morales reported to me that the Dominican Republic has changed the
   2331 # time zone to Eastern Standard Time as of Sunday 29 at 2 am....
   2332 # http://www.listin.com.do/antes/261000/republica/princi.html
   2333 
   2334 # From Paul Eggert (2000-12-04):
   2335 # That URL (2000-10-26, in Spanish) says they planned to use US-style DST.
   2336 
   2337 # From Rives McDow (2000-12-01):
   2338 # Dominican Republic changed its mind and presidential decree on Tuesday,
   2339 # November 28, 2000, with a new decree.  On Sunday, December 3 at 1:00 AM the
   2340 # Dominican Republic will be reverting to 8 hours from the International Date
   2341 # Line, and will not be using DST in the foreseeable future.  The reason they
   2342 # decided to use DST was to be in synch with Puerto Rico, who was also going
   2343 # to implement DST.  When Puerto Rico didn't implement DST, the president
   2344 # decided to revert.
   2345 
   2346 
   2347 # Rule	NAME	FROM	TO	TYPE	IN	ON	AT	SAVE	LETTER/S
   2348 Rule	DR	1966	only	-	Oct	30	0:00	1:00	D
   2349 Rule	DR	1967	only	-	Feb	28	0:00	0	S
   2350 Rule	DR	1969	1973	-	Oct	lastSun	0:00	0:30	HD
   2351 Rule	DR	1970	only	-	Feb	21	0:00	0	S
   2352 Rule	DR	1971	only	-	Jan	20	0:00	0	S
   2353 Rule	DR	1972	1974	-	Jan	21	0:00	0	S
   2354 # Zone	NAME		GMTOFF	RULES	FORMAT	[UNTIL]
   2355 Zone America/Santo_Domingo -4:39:36 -	LMT	1890
   2356 			-4:40	-	SDMT	1933 Apr  1 12:00 # S. Dom. MT
   2357 			-5:00	DR	E%sT	1974 Oct 27
   2358 			-4:00	-	AST	2000 Oct 29 02:00
   2359 			-5:00	US	E%sT	2000 Dec  3 01:00
   2360 			-4:00	-	AST
   2361 
   2362 # El Salvador
   2363 
   2364 # Rule	NAME	FROM	TO	TYPE	IN	ON	AT	SAVE	LETTER/S
   2365 Rule	Salv	1987	1988	-	May	Sun>=1	0:00	1:00	D
   2366 Rule	Salv	1987	1988	-	Sep	lastSun	0:00	0	S
   2367 # There are too many San Salvadors elsewhere, so use America/El_Salvador
   2368 # instead of America/San_Salvador.
   2369 # Zone	NAME		GMTOFF	RULES	FORMAT	[UNTIL]
   2370 Zone America/El_Salvador -5:56:48 -	LMT	1921		# San Salvador
   2371 			-6:00	Salv	C%sT
   2372 
   2373 # Grenada
   2374 # Zone	NAME		GMTOFF	RULES	FORMAT	[UNTIL]
   2375 Zone	America/Grenada	-4:07:00 -	LMT	1911 Jul	# St George's
   2376 			-4:00	-	AST
   2377 
   2378 # Guadeloupe
   2379 # Zone	NAME		GMTOFF	RULES	FORMAT	[UNTIL]
   2380 Zone America/Guadeloupe	-4:06:08 -	LMT	1911 Jun 8	# Pointe a Pitre
   2381 			-4:00	-	AST
   2382 # St Barthelemy
   2383 Link America/Guadeloupe	America/St_Barthelemy
   2384 # St Martin (French part)
   2385 Link America/Guadeloupe	America/Marigot
   2386 
   2387 # Guatemala
   2388 #
   2389 # From Gwillim Law (2006-04-22), after a heads-up from Oscar van Vlijmen:
   2390 # Diario Co Latino, at
   2391 # http://www.diariocolatino.com/internacionales/detalles.asp?NewsID=8079,
   2392 # says in an article dated 2006-04-19 that the Guatemalan government had
   2393 # decided on that date to advance official time by 60 minutes, to lessen the
   2394 # impact of the elevated cost of oil....  Daylight saving time will last from
   2395 # 2006-04-29 24:00 (Guatemalan standard time) to 2006-09-30 (time unspecified).
   2396 # From Paul Eggert (2006-06-22):
   2397 # The Ministry of Energy and Mines, press release CP-15/2006
   2398 # (2006-04-19), says DST ends at 24:00.  See
   2399 # <http://www.sieca.org.gt/Sitio_publico/Energeticos/Doc/Medidas/Cambio_Horario_Nac_190406.pdf>.
   2400 
   2401 # Rule	NAME	FROM	TO	TYPE	IN	ON	AT	SAVE	LETTER/S
   2402 Rule	Guat	1973	only	-	Nov	25	0:00	1:00	D
   2403 Rule	Guat	1974	only	-	Feb	24	0:00	0	S
   2404 Rule	Guat	1983	only	-	May	21	0:00	1:00	D
   2405 Rule	Guat	1983	only	-	Sep	22	0:00	0	S
   2406 Rule	Guat	1991	only	-	Mar	23	0:00	1:00	D
   2407 Rule	Guat	1991	only	-	Sep	 7	0:00	0	S
   2408 Rule	Guat	2006	only	-	Apr	30	0:00	1:00	D
   2409 Rule	Guat	2006	only	-	Oct	 1	0:00	0	S
   2410 # Zone	NAME		GMTOFF	RULES	FORMAT	[UNTIL]
   2411 Zone America/Guatemala	-6:02:04 -	LMT	1918 Oct 5
   2412 			-6:00	Guat	C%sT
   2413 
   2414 # Haiti
   2415 # From Gwillim Law (2005-04-15):
   2416 # Risto O. Nykanen wrote me that Haiti is now on DST.
   2417 # I searched for confirmation, and I found a
   2418 # <a href="http://www.haitianconsulate.org/time.doc"> press release
   2419 # on the Web page of the Haitian Consulate in Chicago (2005-03-31),
   2420 # </a>.  Translated from French, it says:
   2421 #
   2422 #  "The Prime Minister's Communication Office notifies the public in general
   2423 #   and the press in particular that, following a decision of the Interior
   2424 #   Ministry and the Territorial Collectivities [I suppose that means the
   2425 #   provinces], Haiti will move to Eastern Daylight Time in the night from next
   2426 #   Saturday the 2nd to Sunday the 3rd.
   2427 #
   2428 #  "Consequently, the Prime Minister's Communication Office wishes to inform
   2429 #   the population that the country's clocks will be set forward one hour
   2430 #   starting at midnight.  This provision will hold until the last Saturday in
   2431 #   October 2005.
   2432 #
   2433 #  "Port-au-Prince, March 31, 2005"
   2434 #
   2435 # From Steffen Thorsen (2006-04-04):
   2436 # I have been informed by users that Haiti observes DST this year like
   2437 # last year, so the current "only" rule for 2005 might be changed to a
   2438 # "max" rule or to last until 2006. (Who knows if they will observe DST
   2439 # next year or if they will extend their DST like US/Canada next year).
   2440 #
   2441 # I have found this article about it (in French):
   2442 # http://www.haitipressnetwork.com/news.cfm?articleID=7612
   2443 #
   2444 # The reason seems to be an energy crisis.
   2445 
   2446 # From Stephen Colebourne (2007-02-22):
   2447 # Some IATA info: Haiti won't be having DST in 2007.
   2448 
   2449 
   2450 # Rule	NAME	FROM	TO	TYPE	IN	ON	AT	SAVE	LETTER/S
   2451 Rule	Haiti	1983	only	-	May	8	0:00	1:00	D
   2452 Rule	Haiti	1984	1987	-	Apr	lastSun	0:00	1:00	D
   2453 Rule	Haiti	1983	1987	-	Oct	lastSun	0:00	0	S
   2454 # Shanks & Pottenger say AT is 2:00, but IATA SSIM (1991/1997) says 1:00s.
   2455 # Go with IATA.
   2456 Rule	Haiti	1988	1997	-	Apr	Sun>=1	1:00s	1:00	D
   2457 Rule	Haiti	1988	1997	-	Oct	lastSun	1:00s	0	S
   2458 Rule	Haiti	2005	2006	-	Apr	Sun>=1	0:00	1:00	D
   2459 Rule	Haiti	2005	2006	-	Oct	lastSun	0:00	0	S
   2460 # Zone	NAME		GMTOFF	RULES	FORMAT	[UNTIL]
   2461 Zone America/Port-au-Prince -4:49:20 -	LMT	1890
   2462 			-4:49	-	PPMT	1917 Jan 24 12:00 # P-a-P MT
   2463 			-5:00	Haiti	E%sT
   2464 
   2465 # Honduras
   2466 # Shanks & Pottenger say 1921 Jan 1; go with Whitman's more precise Apr 1.
   2467 
   2468 # From Paul Eggert (2006-05-05):
   2469 # worldtimezone.com reports a 2006-05-02 Spanish-language AP article
   2470 # saying Honduras will start using DST midnight Saturday, effective 4
   2471 # months until September.  La Tribuna reported today
   2472 # <http://www.latribuna.hn/99299.html> that Manuel Zelaya, the president
   2473 # of Honduras, refused to back down on this.
   2474 
   2475 # From Jesper Norgaard Welen (2006-08-08):
   2476 # It seems that Honduras has returned from DST to standard time this Monday at
   2477 # 00:00 hours (prolonging Sunday to 25 hours duration).
   2478 # http://www.worldtimezone.com/dst_news/dst_news_honduras04.html
   2479 
   2480 # From Paul Eggert (2006-08-08):
   2481 # Also see Diario El Heraldo, The country returns to standard time (2006-08-08)
   2482 # <http://www.elheraldo.hn/nota.php?nid=54941&sec=12>.
   2483 # It mentions executive decree 18-2006.
   2484 
   2485 # From Steffen Thorsen (2006-08-17):
   2486 # Honduras will observe DST from 2007 to 2009, exact dates are not
   2487 # published, I have located this authoritative source:
   2488 # http://www.presidencia.gob.hn/noticia.aspx?nId=47
   2489 
   2490 # From Steffen Thorsen (2007-03-30):
   2491 # http://www.laprensahn.com/pais_nota.php?id04962=7386
   2492 # So it seems that Honduras will not enter DST this year....
   2493 
   2494 # Rule	NAME	FROM	TO	TYPE	IN	ON	AT	SAVE	LETTER/S
   2495 Rule	Hond	1987	1988	-	May	Sun>=1	0:00	1:00	D
   2496 Rule	Hond	1987	1988	-	Sep	lastSun	0:00	0	S
   2497 Rule	Hond	2006	only	-	May	Sun>=1	0:00	1:00	D
   2498 Rule	Hond	2006	only	-	Aug	Mon>=1	0:00	0	S
   2499 # Zone	NAME		GMTOFF	RULES	FORMAT	[UNTIL]
   2500 Zone America/Tegucigalpa -5:48:52 -	LMT	1921 Apr
   2501 			-6:00	Hond	C%sT
   2502 #
   2503 # Great Swan I ceded by US to Honduras in 1972
   2504 
   2505 # Jamaica
   2506 
   2507 # From Bob Devine (1988-01-28):
   2508 # Follows US rules.
   2509 
   2510 # From U. S. Naval Observatory (1989-01-19):
   2511 # JAMAICA             5 H  BEHIND UTC
   2512 
   2513 # From Shanks & Pottenger:
   2514 # Zone	NAME		GMTOFF	RULES	FORMAT	[UNTIL]
   2515 Zone	America/Jamaica	-5:07:12 -	LMT	1890		# Kingston
   2516 			-5:07:12 -	KMT	1912 Feb    # Kingston Mean Time
   2517 			-5:00	-	EST	1974 Apr 28 2:00
   2518 			-5:00	US	E%sT	1984
   2519 			-5:00	-	EST
   2520 
   2521 # Martinique
   2522 # Zone	NAME		GMTOFF	RULES	FORMAT	[UNTIL]
   2523 Zone America/Martinique	-4:04:20 -      LMT	1890		# Fort-de-France
   2524 			-4:04:20 -	FFMT	1911 May     # Fort-de-France MT
   2525 			-4:00	-	AST	1980 Apr  6
   2526 			-4:00	1:00	ADT	1980 Sep 28
   2527 			-4:00	-	AST
   2528 
   2529 # Montserrat
   2530 # From Paul Eggert (2006-03-22):
   2531 # In 1995 volcanic eruptions forced evacuation of Plymouth, the capital.
   2532 # world.gazetteer.com says Cork Hill is the most populous location now.
   2533 # Zone	NAME		GMTOFF	RULES	FORMAT	[UNTIL]
   2534 Zone America/Montserrat	-4:08:52 -	LMT	1911 Jul 1 0:01   # Cork Hill
   2535 			-4:00	-	AST
   2536 
   2537 # Nicaragua
   2538 #
   2539 # This uses Shanks & Pottenger for times before 2005.
   2540 #
   2541 # From Steffen Thorsen (2005-04-12):
   2542 # I've got reports from 8 different people that Nicaragua just started
   2543 # DST on Sunday 2005-04-10, in order to save energy because of
   2544 # expensive petroleum.  The exact end date for DST is not yet
   2545 # announced, only "September" but some sites also say "mid-September".
   2546 # Some background information is available on the President's official site:
   2547 # http://www.presidencia.gob.ni/Presidencia/Files_index/Secretaria/Notas%20de%20Prensa/Presidente/2005/ABRIL/Gobierno-de-nicaragua-adelanta-hora-oficial-06abril.htm
   2548 # The Decree, no 23-2005 is available here:
   2549 # http://www.presidencia.gob.ni/buscador_gaceta/BD/DECRETOS/2005/Decreto%2023-2005%20Se%20adelanta%20en%20una%20hora%20en%20todo%20el%20territorio%20nacional%20apartir%20de%20las%2024horas%20del%2009%20de%20Abril.pdf
   2550 #
   2551 # From Paul Eggert (2005-05-01):
   2552 # The decree doesn't say anything about daylight saving, but for now let's
   2553 # assume that it is daylight saving....
   2554 #
   2555 # From Gwillim Law (2005-04-21):
   2556 # The Associated Press story on the time change, which can be found at
   2557 # http://www.lapalmainteractivo.com/guias/content/gen/ap/America_Latina/AMC_GEN_NICARAGUA_HORA.html
   2558 # and elsewhere, says (fifth paragraph, translated from Spanish):  "The last
   2559 # time that a change of clocks was applied to save energy was in the year 2000
   2560 # during the Arnoldo Aleman administration."...
   2561 # The northamerica file says that Nicaragua has been on UTC-6 continuously
   2562 # since December 1998.  I wasn't able to find any details of Nicaraguan time
   2563 # changes in 2000.  Perhaps a note could be added to the northamerica file, to
   2564 # the effect that we have indirect evidence that DST was observed in 2000.
   2565 #
   2566 # From Jesper Norgaard Welen (2005-11-02):
   2567 # Nicaragua left DST the 2005-10-02 at 00:00 (local time).
   2568 # http://www.presidencia.gob.ni/presidencia/files_index/secretaria/comunicados/2005/septiembre/26septiembre-cambio-hora.htm
   2569 # (2005-09-26)
   2570 #
   2571 # From Jesper Norgaard Welen (2006-05-05):
   2572 # http://www.elnuevodiario.com.ni/2006/05/01/nacionales/18410
   2573 # (my informal translation)
   2574 # By order of the president of the republic, Enrique Bolanos, Nicaragua
   2575 # advanced by sixty minutes their official time, yesterday at 2 in the
   2576 # morning, and will stay that way until 30.th. of september.
   2577 #
   2578 # From Jesper Norgaard Welen (2006-09-30):
   2579 # http://www.presidencia.gob.ni/buscador_gaceta/BD/DECRETOS/2006/D-063-2006P-PRN-Cambio-Hora.pdf
   2580 # My informal translation runs:
   2581 # The natural sun time is restored in all the national territory, in that the
   2582 # time is returned one hour at 01:00 am of October 1 of 2006.
   2583 #
   2584 # Rule	NAME	FROM	TO	TYPE	IN	ON	AT	SAVE	LETTER/S
   2585 Rule	Nic	1979	1980	-	Mar	Sun>=16	0:00	1:00	D
   2586 Rule	Nic	1979	1980	-	Jun	Mon>=23	0:00	0	S
   2587 Rule	Nic	2005	only	-	Apr	10	0:00	1:00	D
   2588 Rule	Nic	2005	only	-	Oct	Sun>=1	0:00	0	S
   2589 Rule	Nic	2006	only	-	Apr	30	2:00	1:00	D
   2590 Rule	Nic	2006	only	-	Oct	Sun>=1	1:00	0	S
   2591 # Zone	NAME		GMTOFF	RULES	FORMAT	[UNTIL]
   2592 Zone	America/Managua	-5:45:08 -	LMT	1890
   2593 			-5:45:12 -	MMT	1934 Jun 23 # Managua Mean Time?
   2594 			-6:00	-	CST	1973 May
   2595 			-5:00	-	EST	1975 Feb 16
   2596 			-6:00	Nic	C%sT	1992 Jan  1 4:00
   2597 			-5:00	-	EST	1992 Sep 24
   2598 			-6:00	-	CST	1993
   2599 			-5:00	-	EST	1997
   2600 			-6:00	Nic	C%sT
   2601 
   2602 # Panama
   2603 # Zone	NAME		GMTOFF	RULES	FORMAT	[UNTIL]
   2604 Zone	America/Panama	-5:18:08 -	LMT	1890
   2605 			-5:19:36 -	CMT	1908 Apr 22   # Colon Mean Time
   2606 			-5:00	-	EST
   2607 
   2608 # Puerto Rico
   2609 # There are too many San Juans elsewhere, so we'll use `Puerto_Rico'.
   2610 # Zone	NAME		GMTOFF	RULES	FORMAT	[UNTIL]
   2611 Zone America/Puerto_Rico -4:24:25 -	LMT	1899 Mar 28 12:00    # San Juan
   2612 			-4:00	-	AST	1942 May  3
   2613 			-4:00	US	A%sT	1946
   2614 			-4:00	-	AST
   2615 
   2616 # St Kitts-Nevis
   2617 # Zone	NAME		GMTOFF	RULES	FORMAT	[UNTIL]
   2618 Zone America/St_Kitts	-4:10:52 -	LMT	1912 Mar 2	# Basseterre
   2619 			-4:00	-	AST
   2620 
   2621 # St Lucia
   2622 # Zone	NAME		GMTOFF	RULES	FORMAT	[UNTIL]
   2623 Zone America/St_Lucia	-4:04:00 -	LMT	1890		# Castries
   2624 			-4:04:00 -	CMT	1912	    # Castries Mean Time
   2625 			-4:00	-	AST
   2626 
   2627 # St Pierre and Miquelon
   2628 # There are too many St Pierres elsewhere, so we'll use `Miquelon'.
   2629 # Zone	NAME		GMTOFF	RULES	FORMAT	[UNTIL]
   2630 Zone America/Miquelon	-3:44:40 -	LMT	1911 May 15	# St Pierre
   2631 			-4:00	-	AST	1980 May
   2632 			-3:00	-	PMST	1987 # Pierre & Miquelon Time
   2633 			-3:00	Canada	PM%sT
   2634 
   2635 # St Vincent and the Grenadines
   2636 # Zone	NAME		GMTOFF	RULES	FORMAT	[UNTIL]
   2637 Zone America/St_Vincent	-4:04:56 -	LMT	1890		# Kingstown
   2638 			-4:04:56 -	KMT	1912	   # Kingstown Mean Time
   2639 			-4:00	-	AST
   2640 
   2641 # Turks and Caicos
   2642 #
   2643 # From Chris Dunn in
   2644 # <http://bugs.debian.org/cgi-bin/bugreport.cgi?bug=415007>
   2645 # (2007-03-15): In the Turks & Caicos Islands (America/Grand_Turk) the
   2646 # daylight saving dates for time changes have been adjusted to match
   2647 # the recent U.S. change of dates.
   2648 #
   2649 # From Brian Inglis (2007-04-28):
   2650 # http://www.turksandcaicos.tc/calendar/index.htm [2007-04-26]
   2651 # there is an entry for Nov 4 "Daylight Savings Time Ends 2007" and three
   2652 # rows before that there is an out of date entry for Oct:
   2653 # "Eastern Standard Times Begins 2007
   2654 # Clocks are set back one hour at 2:00 a.m. local Daylight Saving Time"
   2655 # indicating that the normal ET rules are followed.
   2656 #
   2657 # From Paul Eggert (2006-05-01):
   2658 # Shanks & Pottenger say they use US DST rules, but IATA SSIM (1991/1998)
   2659 # says they switch at midnight.  Go with Shanks & Pottenger.
   2660 #
   2661 # Rule	NAME	FROM	TO	TYPE	IN	ON	AT	SAVE	LETTER/S
   2662 Rule	TC	1979	1986	-	Apr	lastSun	2:00	1:00	D
   2663 Rule	TC	1979	2006	-	Oct	lastSun	2:00	0	S
   2664 Rule	TC	1987	2006	-	Apr	Sun>=1	2:00	1:00	D
   2665 Rule	TC	2007	max	-	Mar	Sun>=8	2:00	1:00	D
   2666 Rule	TC	2007	max	-	Nov	Sun>=1	2:00	0	S
   2667 # Zone	NAME		GMTOFF	RULES	FORMAT	[UNTIL]
   2668 Zone America/Grand_Turk	-4:44:32 -	LMT	1890
   2669 			-5:07:12 -	KMT	1912 Feb    # Kingston Mean Time
   2670 			-5:00	TC	E%sT
   2671 
   2672 # British Virgin Is
   2673 # Zone	NAME		GMTOFF	RULES	FORMAT	[UNTIL]
   2674 Zone America/Tortola	-4:18:28 -	LMT	1911 Jul    # Road Town
   2675 			-4:00	-	AST
   2676 
   2677 # Virgin Is
   2678 # Zone	NAME		GMTOFF	RULES	FORMAT	[UNTIL]
   2679 Zone America/St_Thomas	-4:19:44 -	LMT	1911 Jul    # Charlotte Amalie
   2680 			-4:00	-	AST
   2681