xref: /external/dbus

Sections in this file describe:
 - introduction and overview
 - low-level vs. high-level API
 - version numbers
 - options to the configure script
 - ABI stability policy

Introduction
===

D-Bus is a simple system for interprocess communication and coordination.

The "and coordination" part is important; D-Bus provides a bus daemon that does things like:
 - notify applications when other apps exit
 - start services on demand
 - support single-instance applications

See http://www.freedesktop.org/software/dbus/ for lots of documentation, 
mailing lists, etc.

See also the file HACKING for notes of interest to developers working on D-Bus.

If you're considering D-Bus for use in a project, you should be aware
that D-Bus was designed for a couple of specific use cases, a "system
bus" and a "desktop session bus." These are documented in more detail
in the D-Bus specification and FAQ available on the web site.

If your use-case isn't one of these, D-Bus may still be useful, but
only by accident; so you should evaluate carefully whether D-Bus makes
sense for your project.

Note: low-level API vs. high-level binding APIs
===

A core concept of the D-Bus implementation is that "libdbus" is
intended to be a low-level API. Most programmers are intended to use
the bindings to GLib, Qt, Python, Mono, Java, or whatever. These
bindings have varying levels of completeness and are maintained as
separate projects from the main D-Bus package. The main D-Bus package
contains the low-level libdbus, the bus daemon, and a few command-line
tools such as dbus-launch.

If you use the low-level API directly, you're signing up for some
pain. Think of the low-level API as analogous to Xlib or GDI, and the
high-level API as analogous to Qt/GTK+/HTML.

Version numbers
===

D-Bus uses the common "Linux kernel" versioning system, where
even-numbered minor versions are stable and odd-numbered minor
versions are development snapshots.

So for example, development snapshots: 1.1.1, 1.1.2, 1.1.3, 1.3.4
Stable versions: 1.0, 1.0.1, 1.0.2, 1.2.1, 1.2.3

All pre-1.0 versions were development snapshots.

Development snapshots make no ABI stability guarantees for new ABI
introduced since the last stable release. Development snapshots are
likely to have more bugs than stable releases, obviously.

Configuration 
===

dbus could be build by using autotools or cmake. 

When using autotools the configure step is initiated by running ./configure 
with our without additional configuration flags. 

When using cmake the configure step is initiated by running the cmake 
program with our without additional configuration flags. 

Configuration flags
===

When using autools the dbus-specific configuration flags that can be given to
the ./configure program are these 

  --enable-tests             enable unit test code
  --enable-verbose-mode      support verbose debug mode
  --enable-asserts           include assertion checks
  --enable-checks            include sanity checks on public API
  --enable-xml-docs          build XML documentation (requires xmlto)
  --enable-doxygen-docs      build DOXYGEN documentation (requires Doxygen)
  --enable-gcov              compile with coverage profiling instrumentation (gcc only)
  --enable-abstract-sockets  use abstract socket namespace (linux only)
  --enable-selinux           build with SELinux support
  --enable-dnotify           build with dnotify support (linux only)
  --enable-kqueue            build with kqueue support (*BSD only)
  --with-xml=libxml/expat           XML library to use
  --with-init-scripts=redhat        Style of init scripts to install
  --with-session-socket-dir=dirname Where to put sockets for the per-login-session message bus
  --with-test-socket-dir=dirname    Where to put sockets for make check
  --with-system-pid-file=pidfile    PID file for systemwide daemon
  --with-system-socket=filename     UNIX domain socket for systemwide daemon
  --with-console-auth-dir=dirname   directory to check for console ownerhip
  --with-dbus-user=<user>           User for running the DBUS daemon (messagebus)
  --with-gnu-ld                     assume the C compiler uses GNU ld [default=no]
  --with-tags[=TAGS]                include additional configurations [automatic]
  --with-x                          use the X Window System

When using the cmake build system the dbus-specific configuration flags that can be given 
to the cmake program are these (use -D<key>=<value> on command line)

    CMAKE_BUILD_TYPE                   set dbus build mode - one of Debug|Release|RelWithDebInfo|MinSizeRel
    DBUS_BUILD_TESTS                   enable unit test code  default=ON
    DBUS_BUILD_X11                     Build X11-dependent code default=ON
    HAVE_CONSOLE_OWNER_FILE            enable console owner file (solaris only) ) default=ON
    DBUS_DISABLE_ASSERTS               Disable assertion checking default=OFF
    DBUS_DISABLE_CHECKS                Disable public API sanity checking default=OFF
    DBUS_ENABLE_ABSTRACT_SOCKETS       enable support for abstract sockets (linux only) default=ON
    DBUS_ENABLE_ANSI                   enable -ansi -pedantic gcc flags default=OFF
    DBUS_ENABLE_DNOTIFY                build with dnotify support (linux only) default=ON
    DBUS_ENABLE_VERBOSE_MODE           support verbose debug mode default=ON
    DBUS_ENABLE_DOXYGEN_DOCS           build DOXYGEN documentation (requires Doxygen) default=ON
    DBUS_GCOV_ENABLED                  compile with coverage profiling instrumentation (gcc only) default=OFF
    DBUS_INSTALL_SYSTEM_LIBS           install required system libraries default (windows only) =OFF
    DBUS_USE_EXPAT                     Use expat (== ON) or libxml2 (==OFF) default=ON [1]
    DBUS_USE_NONCE_TCP_DEFAULT_ADDRESS Use nonce tcp default address default=OFF
    DBUS_USE_OUTPUT_DEBUG_STRING       enable win32 debug port for message output default=OFF
    
    [1] requires installed development package of the related dependency 

    
API/ABI Policy
===

Now that D-Bus has reached version 1.0, the objective is that all
applications dynamically linked to libdbus will continue working
indefinitely with the most recent system and session bus daemons.

 - The protocol will never be broken again; any message bus should 
   work with any client forever. However, extensions are possible
   where the protocol is extensible.

 - If the library API is modified incompatibly, we will rename it 
   as in http://ometer.com/parallel.html - in other words, 
   it will always be possible to compile against and use the older 
   API, and apps will always get the API they expect.

Interfaces can and probably will be _added_. This means both new
functions and types in libdbus, and new methods exported to
applications by the bus daemon.

The above policy is intended to make D-Bus as API-stable as other
widely-used libraries (such as GTK+, Qt, Xlib, or your favorite
example). If you have questions or concerns they are very welcome on
the D-Bus mailing list.

NOTE ABOUT DEVELOPMENT SNAPSHOTS AND VERSIONING

Odd-numbered minor releases (1.1.x, 1.3.x, 2.1.x, etc. -
major.minor.micro) are devel snapshots for testing, and any new ABI
they introduce relative to the last stable version is subject to
change during the development cycle.

Any ABI found in a stable release, however, is frozen.

ABI will not be added in a stable series if we can help it. i.e. the
ABI of 1.2.0 and 1.2.5 you can expect to be the same, while the ABI of
1.4.x may add more stuff not found in 1.2.x.

NOTE ABOUT STATIC LINKING

We are not yet firmly freezing all runtime dependencies of the libdbus
library. For example, the library may read certain files as part of
its implementation, and these files may move around between versions.

As a result, we don't yet recommend statically linking to
libdbus. Also, reimplementations of the protocol from scratch might
have to work to stay in sync with how libdbus behaves.

To lock things down and declare static linking and reimplementation to
be safe, we'd like to see all the internal dependencies of libdbus
(for example, files read) well-documented in the specification, and
we'd like to have a high degree of confidence that these dependencies
are supportable over the long term and extensible where required.

NOTE ABOUT HIGH-LEVEL BINDINGS

Note that the high-level bindings are _separate projects_ from the
main D-Bus package, and have their own release cycles, levels of
maturity, and ABI stability policies. Please consult the documentation
for your binding.