1 /* 2 * Copyright (C) 2007 The Android Open Source Project 3 * 4 * Licensed under the Apache License, Version 2.0 (the "License"); 5 * you may not use this file except in compliance with the License. 6 * You may obtain a copy of the License at 7 * 8 * http://www.apache.org/licenses/LICENSE-2.0 9 * 10 * Unless required by applicable law or agreed to in writing, software 11 * distributed under the License is distributed on an "AS IS" BASIS, 12 * WITHOUT WARRANTIES OR CONDITIONS OF ANY KIND, either express or implied. 13 * See the License for the specific language governing permissions and 14 * limitations under the License. 15 */ 16 17 package android.media; 18 19 import android.util.AndroidRuntimeException; 20 import android.util.Log; 21 import java.io.File; 22 import java.io.FileDescriptor; 23 import android.os.ParcelFileDescriptor; 24 import java.lang.ref.WeakReference; 25 import android.content.Context; 26 import android.content.res.AssetFileDescriptor; 27 import java.io.IOException; 28 29 import android.os.Handler; 30 import android.os.Looper; 31 import android.os.Message; 32 33 /** 34 * The SoundPool class manages and plays audio resources for applications. 35 * 36 * <p>A SoundPool is a collection of samples that can be loaded into memory 37 * from a resource inside the APK or from a file in the file system. The 38 * SoundPool library uses the MediaPlayer service to decode the audio 39 * into a raw 16-bit PCM mono or stereo stream. This allows applications 40 * to ship with compressed streams without having to suffer the CPU load 41 * and latency of decompressing during playback.</p> 42 * 43 * <p>In addition to low-latency playback, SoundPool can also manage the number 44 * of audio streams being rendered at once. When the SoundPool object is 45 * constructed, the maxStreams parameter sets the maximum number of streams 46 * that can be played at a time from this single SoundPool. SoundPool tracks 47 * the number of active streams. If the maximum number of streams is exceeded, 48 * SoundPool will automatically stop a previously playing stream based first 49 * on priority and then by age within that priority. Limiting the maximum 50 * number of streams helps to cap CPU loading and reducing the likelihood that 51 * audio mixing will impact visuals or UI performance.</p> 52 * 53 * <p>Sounds can be looped by setting a non-zero loop value. A value of -1 54 * causes the sound to loop forever. In this case, the application must 55 * explicitly call the stop() function to stop the sound. Any other non-zero 56 * value will cause the sound to repeat the specified number of times, e.g. 57 * a value of 3 causes the sound to play a total of 4 times.</p> 58 * 59 * <p>The playback rate can also be changed. A playback rate of 1.0 causes 60 * the sound to play at its original frequency (resampled, if necessary, 61 * to the hardware output frequency). A playback rate of 2.0 causes the 62 * sound to play at twice its original frequency, and a playback rate of 63 * 0.5 causes it to play at half its original frequency. The playback 64 * rate range is 0.5 to 2.0.</p> 65 * 66 * <p>Priority runs low to high, i.e. higher numbers are higher priority. 67 * Priority is used when a call to play() would cause the number of active 68 * streams to exceed the value established by the maxStreams parameter when 69 * the SoundPool was created. In this case, the stream allocator will stop 70 * the lowest priority stream. If there are multiple streams with the same 71 * low priority, it will choose the oldest stream to stop. In the case 72 * where the priority of the new stream is lower than all the active 73 * streams, the new sound will not play and the play() function will return 74 * a streamID of zero.</p> 75 * 76 * <p>Let's examine a typical use case: A game consists of several levels of 77 * play. For each level, there is a set of unique sounds that are used only 78 * by that level. In this case, the game logic should create a new SoundPool 79 * object when the first level is loaded. The level data itself might contain 80 * the list of sounds to be used by this level. The loading logic iterates 81 * through the list of sounds calling the appropriate SoundPool.load() 82 * function. This should typically be done early in the process to allow time 83 * for decompressing the audio to raw PCM format before they are needed for 84 * playback.</p> 85 * 86 * <p>Once the sounds are loaded and play has started, the application can 87 * trigger sounds by calling SoundPool.play(). Playing streams can be 88 * paused or resumed, and the application can also alter the pitch by 89 * adjusting the playback rate in real-time for doppler or synthesis 90 * effects.</p> 91 * 92 * <p>Note that since streams can be stopped due to resource constraints, the 93 * streamID is a reference to a particular instance of a stream. If the stream 94 * is stopped to allow a higher priority stream to play, the stream is no 95 * longer be valid. However, the application is allowed to call methods on 96 * the streamID without error. This may help simplify program logic since 97 * the application need not concern itself with the stream lifecycle.</p> 98 * 99 * <p>In our example, when the player has completed the level, the game 100 * logic should call SoundPool.release() to release all the native resources 101 * in use and then set the SoundPool reference to null. If the player starts 102 * another level, a new SoundPool is created, sounds are loaded, and play 103 * resumes.</p> 104 */ 105 public class SoundPool 106 { 107 static { System.loadLibrary("soundpool"); } 108 109 private final static String TAG = "SoundPool"; 110 private final static boolean DEBUG = false; 111 112 private int mNativeContext; // accessed by native methods 113 114 private EventHandler mEventHandler; 115 private OnLoadCompleteListener mOnLoadCompleteListener; 116 117 private final Object mLock; 118 119 // SoundPool messages 120 // 121 // must match SoundPool.h 122 private static final int SAMPLE_LOADED = 1; 123 124 /** 125 * Constructor. Constructs a SoundPool object with the following 126 * characteristics: 127 * 128 * @param maxStreams the maximum number of simultaneous streams for this 129 * SoundPool object 130 * @param streamType the audio stream type as described in AudioManager 131 * For example, game applications will normally use 132 * {@link AudioManager#STREAM_MUSIC}. 133 * @param srcQuality the sample-rate converter quality. Currently has no 134 * effect. Use 0 for the default. 135 * @return a SoundPool object, or null if creation failed 136 */ 137 public SoundPool(int maxStreams, int streamType, int srcQuality) { 138 139 // do native setup 140 if (native_setup(new WeakReference(this), maxStreams, streamType, srcQuality) != 0) { 141 throw new RuntimeException("Native setup failed"); 142 } 143 mLock = new Object(); 144 } 145 146 /** 147 * Load the sound from the specified path. 148 * 149 * @param path the path to the audio file 150 * @param priority the priority of the sound. Currently has no effect. Use 151 * a value of 1 for future compatibility. 152 * @return a sound ID. This value can be used to play or unload the sound. 153 */ 154 public int load(String path, int priority) 155 { 156 // pass network streams to player 157 if (path.startsWith("http:")) 158 return _load(path, priority); 159 160 // try local path 161 int id = 0; 162 try { 163 File f = new File(path); 164 if (f != null) { 165 ParcelFileDescriptor fd = ParcelFileDescriptor.open(f, ParcelFileDescriptor.MODE_READ_ONLY); 166 if (fd != null) { 167 id = _load(fd.getFileDescriptor(), 0, f.length(), priority); 168 fd.close(); 169 } 170 } 171 } catch (java.io.IOException e) { 172 Log.e(TAG, "error loading " + path); 173 } 174 return id; 175 } 176 177 /** 178 * Load the sound from the specified APK resource. 179 * 180 * Note that the extension is dropped. For example, if you want to load 181 * a sound from the raw resource file "explosion.mp3", you would specify 182 * "R.raw.explosion" as the resource ID. Note that this means you cannot 183 * have both an "explosion.wav" and an "explosion.mp3" in the res/raw 184 * directory. 185 * 186 * @param context the application context 187 * @param resId the resource ID 188 * @param priority the priority of the sound. Currently has no effect. Use 189 * a value of 1 for future compatibility. 190 * @return a sound ID. This value can be used to play or unload the sound. 191 */ 192 public int load(Context context, int resId, int priority) { 193 AssetFileDescriptor afd = context.getResources().openRawResourceFd(resId); 194 int id = 0; 195 if (afd != null) { 196 id = _load(afd.getFileDescriptor(), afd.getStartOffset(), afd.getLength(), priority); 197 try { 198 afd.close(); 199 } catch (java.io.IOException ex) { 200 //Log.d(TAG, "close failed:", ex); 201 } 202 } 203 return id; 204 } 205 206 /** 207 * Load the sound from an asset file descriptor. 208 * 209 * @param afd an asset file descriptor 210 * @param priority the priority of the sound. Currently has no effect. Use 211 * a value of 1 for future compatibility. 212 * @return a sound ID. This value can be used to play or unload the sound. 213 */ 214 public int load(AssetFileDescriptor afd, int priority) { 215 if (afd != null) { 216 long len = afd.getLength(); 217 if (len < 0) { 218 throw new AndroidRuntimeException("no length for fd"); 219 } 220 return _load(afd.getFileDescriptor(), afd.getStartOffset(), len, priority); 221 } else { 222 return 0; 223 } 224 } 225 226 /** 227 * Load the sound from a FileDescriptor. 228 * 229 * This version is useful if you store multiple sounds in a single 230 * binary. The offset specifies the offset from the start of the file 231 * and the length specifies the length of the sound within the file. 232 * 233 * @param fd a FileDescriptor object 234 * @param offset offset to the start of the sound 235 * @param length length of the sound 236 * @param priority the priority of the sound. Currently has no effect. Use 237 * a value of 1 for future compatibility. 238 * @return a sound ID. This value can be used to play or unload the sound. 239 */ 240 public int load(FileDescriptor fd, long offset, long length, int priority) { 241 return _load(fd, offset, length, priority); 242 } 243 244 private native final int _load(String uri, int priority); 245 246 private native final int _load(FileDescriptor fd, long offset, long length, int priority); 247 248 /** 249 * Unload a sound from a sound ID. 250 * 251 * Unloads the sound specified by the soundID. This is the value 252 * returned by the load() function. Returns true if the sound is 253 * successfully unloaded, false if the sound was already unloaded. 254 * 255 * @param soundID a soundID returned by the load() function 256 * @return true if just unloaded, false if previously unloaded 257 */ 258 public native final boolean unload(int soundID); 259 260 /** 261 * Play a sound from a sound ID. 262 * 263 * Play the sound specified by the soundID. This is the value 264 * returned by the load() function. Returns a non-zero streamID 265 * if successful, zero if it fails. The streamID can be used to 266 * further control playback. Note that calling play() may cause 267 * another sound to stop playing if the maximum number of active 268 * streams is exceeded. A loop value of -1 means loop forever, 269 * a value of 0 means don't loop, other values indicate the 270 * number of repeats, e.g. a value of 1 plays the audio twice. 271 * The playback rate allows the application to vary the playback 272 * rate (pitch) of the sound. A value of 1.0 means play back at 273 * the original frequency. A value of 2.0 means play back twice 274 * as fast, and a value of 0.5 means playback at half speed. 275 * 276 * @param soundID a soundID returned by the load() function 277 * @param leftVolume left volume value (range = 0.0 to 1.0) 278 * @param rightVolume right volume value (range = 0.0 to 1.0) 279 * @param priority stream priority (0 = lowest priority) 280 * @param loop loop mode (0 = no loop, -1 = loop forever) 281 * @param rate playback rate (1.0 = normal playback, range 0.5 to 2.0) 282 * @return non-zero streamID if successful, zero if failed 283 */ 284 public native final int play(int soundID, float leftVolume, float rightVolume, 285 int priority, int loop, float rate); 286 287 /** 288 * Pause a playback stream. 289 * 290 * Pause the stream specified by the streamID. This is the 291 * value returned by the play() function. If the stream is 292 * playing, it will be paused. If the stream is not playing 293 * (e.g. is stopped or was previously paused), calling this 294 * function will have no effect. 295 * 296 * @param streamID a streamID returned by the play() function 297 */ 298 public native final void pause(int streamID); 299 300 /** 301 * Resume a playback stream. 302 * 303 * Resume the stream specified by the streamID. This 304 * is the value returned by the play() function. If the stream 305 * is paused, this will resume playback. If the stream was not 306 * previously paused, calling this function will have no effect. 307 * 308 * @param streamID a streamID returned by the play() function 309 */ 310 public native final void resume(int streamID); 311 312 /** 313 * Pause all active streams. 314 * 315 * Pause all streams that are currently playing. This function 316 * iterates through all the active streams and pauses any that 317 * are playing. It also sets a flag so that any streams that 318 * are playing can be resumed by calling autoResume(). 319 */ 320 public native final void autoPause(); 321 322 /** 323 * Resume all previously active streams. 324 * 325 * Automatically resumes all streams that were paused in previous 326 * calls to autoPause(). 327 */ 328 public native final void autoResume(); 329 330 /** 331 * Stop a playback stream. 332 * 333 * Stop the stream specified by the streamID. This 334 * is the value returned by the play() function. If the stream 335 * is playing, it will be stopped. It also releases any native 336 * resources associated with this stream. If the stream is not 337 * playing, it will have no effect. 338 * 339 * @param streamID a streamID returned by the play() function 340 */ 341 public native final void stop(int streamID); 342 343 /** 344 * Set stream volume. 345 * 346 * Sets the volume on the stream specified by the streamID. 347 * This is the value returned by the play() function. The 348 * value must be in the range of 0.0 to 1.0. If the stream does 349 * not exist, it will have no effect. 350 * 351 * @param streamID a streamID returned by the play() function 352 * @param leftVolume left volume value (range = 0.0 to 1.0) 353 * @param rightVolume right volume value (range = 0.0 to 1.0) 354 */ 355 public native final void setVolume(int streamID, 356 float leftVolume, float rightVolume); 357 358 /** 359 * Change stream priority. 360 * 361 * Change the priority of the stream specified by the streamID. 362 * This is the value returned by the play() function. Affects the 363 * order in which streams are re-used to play new sounds. If the 364 * stream does not exist, it will have no effect. 365 * 366 * @param streamID a streamID returned by the play() function 367 */ 368 public native final void setPriority(int streamID, int priority); 369 370 /** 371 * Set loop mode. 372 * 373 * Change the loop mode. A loop value of -1 means loop forever, 374 * a value of 0 means don't loop, other values indicate the 375 * number of repeats, e.g. a value of 1 plays the audio twice. 376 * If the stream does not exist, it will have no effect. 377 * 378 * @param streamID a streamID returned by the play() function 379 * @param loop loop mode (0 = no loop, -1 = loop forever) 380 */ 381 public native final void setLoop(int streamID, int loop); 382 383 /** 384 * Change playback rate. 385 * 386 * The playback rate allows the application to vary the playback 387 * rate (pitch) of the sound. A value of 1.0 means playback at 388 * the original frequency. A value of 2.0 means playback twice 389 * as fast, and a value of 0.5 means playback at half speed. 390 * If the stream does not exist, it will have no effect. 391 * 392 * @param streamID a streamID returned by the play() function 393 * @param rate playback rate (1.0 = normal playback, range 0.5 to 2.0) 394 */ 395 public native final void setRate(int streamID, float rate); 396 397 /** 398 * Interface definition for a callback to be invoked when all the 399 * sounds are loaded. 400 */ 401 public interface OnLoadCompleteListener 402 { 403 /** 404 * Called when a sound has completed loading. 405 * 406 * @param soundPool SoundPool object from the load() method 407 * @param soundPool the sample ID of the sound loaded. 408 * @param status the status of the load operation (0 = success) 409 */ 410 public void onLoadComplete(SoundPool soundPool, int sampleId, int status); 411 } 412 413 /** 414 * Sets the callback hook for the OnLoadCompleteListener. 415 */ 416 public void setOnLoadCompleteListener(OnLoadCompleteListener listener) 417 { 418 synchronized(mLock) { 419 if (listener != null) { 420 // setup message handler 421 Looper looper; 422 if ((looper = Looper.myLooper()) != null) { 423 mEventHandler = new EventHandler(this, looper); 424 } else if ((looper = Looper.getMainLooper()) != null) { 425 mEventHandler = new EventHandler(this, looper); 426 } else { 427 mEventHandler = null; 428 } 429 } else { 430 mEventHandler = null; 431 } 432 mOnLoadCompleteListener = listener; 433 } 434 } 435 436 private class EventHandler extends Handler 437 { 438 private SoundPool mSoundPool; 439 440 public EventHandler(SoundPool soundPool, Looper looper) { 441 super(looper); 442 mSoundPool = soundPool; 443 } 444 445 @Override 446 public void handleMessage(Message msg) { 447 switch(msg.what) { 448 case SAMPLE_LOADED: 449 if (DEBUG) Log.d(TAG, "Sample " + msg.arg1 + " loaded"); 450 synchronized(mLock) { 451 if (mOnLoadCompleteListener != null) { 452 mOnLoadCompleteListener.onLoadComplete(mSoundPool, msg.arg1, msg.arg2); 453 } 454 } 455 break; 456 default: 457 Log.e(TAG, "Unknown message type " + msg.what); 458 return; 459 } 460 } 461 } 462 463 // post event from native code to message handler 464 private static void postEventFromNative(Object weakRef, int msg, int arg1, int arg2, Object obj) 465 { 466 SoundPool soundPool = (SoundPool)((WeakReference)weakRef).get(); 467 if (soundPool == null) 468 return; 469 470 if (soundPool.mEventHandler != null) { 471 Message m = soundPool.mEventHandler.obtainMessage(msg, arg1, arg2, obj); 472 soundPool.mEventHandler.sendMessage(m); 473 } 474 } 475 476 /** 477 * Release the SoundPool resources. 478 * 479 * Release all memory and native resources used by the SoundPool 480 * object. The SoundPool can no longer be used and the reference 481 * should be set to null. 482 */ 483 public native final void release(); 484 485 private native final int native_setup(Object weakRef, int maxStreams, int streamType, int srcQuality); 486 487 protected void finalize() { release(); } 488 } 489