1 /* 2 * Copyright (c) 1989 The Regents of the University of California. 3 * All rights reserved. 4 * 5 * This code is derived from software contributed to Berkeley by 6 * Mike Muuss. 7 * 8 * Redistribution and use in source and binary forms, with or without 9 * modification, are permitted provided that the following conditions 10 * are met: 11 * 1. Redistributions of source code must retain the above copyright 12 * notice, this list of conditions and the following disclaimer. 13 * 2. Redistributions in binary form must reproduce the above copyright 14 * notice, this list of conditions and the following disclaimer in the 15 * documentation and/or other materials provided with the distribution. 16 * 3. All advertising materials mentioning features or use of this software 17 * must display the following acknowledgement: 18 * This product includes software developed by the University of 19 * California, Berkeley and its contributors. 20 * 4. Neither the name of the University nor the names of its contributors 21 * may be used to endorse or promote products derived from this software 22 * without specific prior written permission. 23 * 24 * THIS SOFTWARE IS PROVIDED BY THE REGENTS AND CONTRIBUTORS ``AS IS'' AND 25 * ANY EXPRESS OR IMPLIED WARRANTIES, INCLUDING, BUT NOT LIMITED TO, THE 26 * IMPLIED WARRANTIES OF MERCHANTABILITY AND FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE 27 * ARE DISCLAIMED. IN NO EVENT SHALL THE REGENTS OR CONTRIBUTORS BE LIABLE 28 * FOR ANY DIRECT, INDIRECT, INCIDENTAL, SPECIAL, EXEMPLARY, OR CONSEQUENTIAL 29 * DAMAGES (INCLUDING, BUT NOT LIMITED TO, PROCUREMENT OF SUBSTITUTE GOODS 30 * OR SERVICES; LOSS OF USE, DATA, OR PROFITS; OR BUSINESS INTERRUPTION) 31 * HOWEVER CAUSED AND ON ANY THEORY OF LIABILITY, WHETHER IN CONTRACT, STRICT 32 * LIABILITY, OR TORT (INCLUDING NEGLIGENCE OR OTHERWISE) ARISING IN ANY WAY 33 * OUT OF THE USE OF THIS SOFTWARE, EVEN IF ADVISED OF THE POSSIBILITY OF 34 * SUCH DAMAGE. 35 */ 36 37 #ifndef lint 38 char copyright[] = 39 "@(#) Copyright (c) 1989 The Regents of the University of California.\n\ 40 All rights reserved.\n"; 41 #endif /* not lint */ 42 43 /* 44 * P I N G . C 45 * 46 * Using the InterNet Control Message Protocol (ICMP) "ECHO" facility, 47 * measure round-trip-delays and packet loss across network paths. 48 * 49 * Author - 50 * Mike Muuss 51 * U. S. Army Ballistic Research Laboratory 52 * December, 1983 53 * 54 * Status - 55 * Public Domain. Distribution Unlimited. 56 * Bugs - 57 * More statistics could always be gathered. 58 * This program has to run SUID to ROOT to access the ICMP socket. 59 */ 60 61 #include "ping_common.h" 62 63 #include <netinet/ip.h> 64 #include <netinet/ip_icmp.h> 65 66 #ifdef ANDROID 67 #include <sys/auxv.h> 68 #define bcmp(a, b, c) memcmp(a, b, c) 69 #endif 70 71 #define MAXIPLEN 60 72 #define MAXICMPLEN 76 73 #define NROUTES 9 /* number of record route slots */ 74 #define TOS_MAX 255 /* 8-bit TOS field */ 75 76 77 static int ts_type; 78 static int nroute = 0; 79 static __u32 route[10]; 80 81 82 83 struct sockaddr_in whereto; /* who to ping */ 84 int optlen = 0; 85 int settos = 0; /* Set TOS, Precendence or other QOS options */ 86 int icmp_sock; /* socket file descriptor */ 87 int using_ping_socket = 0; 88 u_char outpack[0x10000]; 89 int maxpacket = sizeof(outpack); 90 91 static int broadcast_pings = 0; 92 93 static char *pr_addr(__u32); 94 static void pr_options(unsigned char * cp, int hlen); 95 static void pr_iph(struct iphdr *ip); 96 static void usage(void) __attribute__((noreturn)); 97 static u_short in_cksum(const u_short *addr, int len, u_short salt); 98 static void pr_icmph(__u8 type, __u8 code, __u32 info, struct icmphdr *icp); 99 static int parsetos(char *str); 100 101 static struct { 102 struct cmsghdr cm; 103 struct in_pktinfo ipi; 104 } cmsg = { {sizeof(struct cmsghdr) + sizeof(struct in_pktinfo), SOL_IP, IP_PKTINFO}, 105 {0, }}; 106 int cmsg_len; 107 108 struct sockaddr_in source; 109 char *device; 110 int pmtudisc = -1; 111 112 int 113 main(int argc, char **argv) 114 { 115 struct hostent *hp; 116 int ch, hold, packlen; 117 int socket_errno; 118 u_char *packet; 119 char *target, hnamebuf[MAXHOSTNAMELEN]; 120 char rspace[3 + 4 * NROUTES + 1]; /* record route space */ 121 122 #ifdef ANDROID 123 if (getauxval(AT_SECURE) != 0) { 124 fprintf(stderr, "This version of ping should NOT run with privileges. Aborting\n"); 125 exit(1); 126 } 127 #endif 128 129 icmp_sock = socket(AF_INET, SOCK_DGRAM, IPPROTO_ICMP); 130 if (icmp_sock != -1) 131 using_ping_socket = 1; 132 else 133 icmp_sock = socket(AF_INET, SOCK_RAW, IPPROTO_ICMP); 134 socket_errno = errno; 135 136 uid = getuid(); 137 #ifndef ANDROID 138 setuid(uid); 139 #endif 140 141 source.sin_family = AF_INET; 142 143 preload = 1; 144 while ((ch = getopt(argc, argv, COMMON_OPTSTR "bRT:")) != EOF) { 145 switch(ch) { 146 case 'b': 147 broadcast_pings = 1; 148 break; 149 case 'Q': 150 settos = parsetos(optarg); 151 if (settos && 152 (setsockopt(icmp_sock, IPPROTO_IP, IP_TOS, 153 (char *)&settos, sizeof(int)) < 0)) { 154 perror("ping: error setting QOS sockopts"); 155 exit(2); 156 } 157 break; 158 case 'R': 159 if (options & F_TIMESTAMP) { 160 fprintf(stderr, "Only one of -T or -R may be used\n"); 161 exit(2); 162 } 163 options |= F_RROUTE; 164 break; 165 case 'T': 166 if (options & F_RROUTE) { 167 fprintf(stderr, "Only one of -T or -R may be used\n"); 168 exit(2); 169 } 170 options |= F_TIMESTAMP; 171 if (strcmp(optarg, "tsonly") == 0) 172 ts_type = IPOPT_TS_TSONLY; 173 else if (strcmp(optarg, "tsandaddr") == 0) 174 ts_type = IPOPT_TS_TSANDADDR; 175 else if (strcmp(optarg, "tsprespec") == 0) 176 ts_type = IPOPT_TS_PRESPEC; 177 else { 178 fprintf(stderr, "Invalid timestamp type\n"); 179 exit(2); 180 } 181 break; 182 case 'I': 183 { 184 char dummy; 185 int i1, i2, i3, i4; 186 187 if (sscanf(optarg, "%u.%u.%u.%u%c", 188 &i1, &i2, &i3, &i4, &dummy) == 4) { 189 __u8 *ptr; 190 ptr = (__u8*)&source.sin_addr; 191 ptr[0] = i1; 192 ptr[1] = i2; 193 ptr[2] = i3; 194 ptr[3] = i4; 195 options |= F_STRICTSOURCE; 196 } else { 197 device = optarg; 198 } 199 break; 200 } 201 case 'M': 202 if (strcmp(optarg, "do") == 0) 203 pmtudisc = IP_PMTUDISC_DO; 204 else if (strcmp(optarg, "dont") == 0) 205 pmtudisc = IP_PMTUDISC_DONT; 206 else if (strcmp(optarg, "want") == 0) 207 pmtudisc = IP_PMTUDISC_WANT; 208 else { 209 fprintf(stderr, "ping: wrong value for -M: do, dont, want are valid ones.\n"); 210 exit(2); 211 } 212 break; 213 case 'V': 214 printf("ping utility, iputils-ss%s\n", SNAPSHOT); 215 exit(0); 216 COMMON_OPTIONS 217 common_options(ch); 218 break; 219 default: 220 usage(); 221 } 222 } 223 argc -= optind; 224 argv += optind; 225 226 if (argc == 0) 227 usage(); 228 if (argc > 1) { 229 if (options & F_RROUTE) 230 usage(); 231 else if (options & F_TIMESTAMP) { 232 if (ts_type != IPOPT_TS_PRESPEC) 233 usage(); 234 if (argc > 5) 235 usage(); 236 } else { 237 if (argc > 10) 238 usage(); 239 options |= F_SOURCEROUTE; 240 } 241 } 242 while (argc > 0) { 243 target = *argv; 244 245 bzero((char *)&whereto, sizeof(whereto)); 246 whereto.sin_family = AF_INET; 247 if (inet_aton(target, &whereto.sin_addr) == 1) { 248 hostname = target; 249 if (argc == 1) 250 options |= F_NUMERIC; 251 } else { 252 hp = gethostbyname(target); 253 if (!hp) { 254 fprintf(stderr, "ping: unknown host %s\n", target); 255 exit(2); 256 } 257 memcpy(&whereto.sin_addr, hp->h_addr, 4); 258 strncpy(hnamebuf, hp->h_name, sizeof(hnamebuf) - 1); 259 hnamebuf[sizeof(hnamebuf) - 1] = 0; 260 hostname = hnamebuf; 261 } 262 if (argc > 1) 263 route[nroute++] = whereto.sin_addr.s_addr; 264 argc--; 265 argv++; 266 } 267 268 if (source.sin_addr.s_addr == 0) { 269 int alen; 270 struct sockaddr_in dst = whereto; 271 int probe_fd = socket(AF_INET, SOCK_DGRAM, 0); 272 273 if (probe_fd < 0) { 274 perror("socket"); 275 exit(2); 276 } 277 if (device) { 278 struct ifreq ifr; 279 memset(&ifr, 0, sizeof(ifr)); 280 strncpy(ifr.ifr_name, device, IFNAMSIZ-1); 281 if (setsockopt(probe_fd, SOL_SOCKET, SO_BINDTODEVICE, device, strlen(device)+1) == -1) { 282 if (IN_MULTICAST(ntohl(dst.sin_addr.s_addr))) { 283 struct ip_mreqn imr; 284 if (ioctl(probe_fd, SIOCGIFINDEX, &ifr) < 0) { 285 fprintf(stderr, "ping: unknown iface %s\n", device); 286 exit(2); 287 } 288 memset(&imr, 0, sizeof(imr)); 289 imr.imr_ifindex = ifr.ifr_ifindex; 290 if (setsockopt(probe_fd, SOL_IP, IP_MULTICAST_IF, &imr, sizeof(imr)) == -1) { 291 perror("ping: IP_MULTICAST_IF"); 292 exit(2); 293 } 294 } 295 } 296 } 297 298 if (settos && 299 setsockopt(probe_fd, IPPROTO_IP, IP_TOS, (char *)&settos, sizeof(int)) < 0) 300 perror("Warning: error setting QOS sockopts"); 301 302 dst.sin_port = htons(1025); 303 if (nroute) 304 dst.sin_addr.s_addr = route[0]; 305 if (connect(probe_fd, (struct sockaddr*)&dst, sizeof(dst)) == -1) { 306 if (errno == EACCES) { 307 if (broadcast_pings == 0) { 308 fprintf(stderr, "Do you want to ping broadcast? Then -b\n"); 309 exit(2); 310 } 311 fprintf(stderr, "WARNING: pinging broadcast address\n"); 312 if (setsockopt(probe_fd, SOL_SOCKET, SO_BROADCAST, 313 &broadcast_pings, sizeof(broadcast_pings)) < 0) { 314 perror ("can't set broadcasting"); 315 exit(2); 316 } 317 if (connect(probe_fd, (struct sockaddr*)&dst, sizeof(dst)) == -1) { 318 perror("connect"); 319 exit(2); 320 } 321 } else { 322 perror("connect"); 323 exit(2); 324 } 325 } 326 alen = sizeof(source); 327 if (getsockname(probe_fd, (struct sockaddr*)&source, &alen) == -1) { 328 perror("getsockname"); 329 exit(2); 330 } 331 source.sin_port = 0; 332 close(probe_fd); 333 } while (0); 334 335 if (whereto.sin_addr.s_addr == 0) 336 whereto.sin_addr.s_addr = source.sin_addr.s_addr; 337 338 if (icmp_sock < 0) { 339 errno = socket_errno; 340 perror("ping: icmp open socket"); 341 exit(2); 342 } 343 344 if (device) { 345 struct ifreq ifr; 346 347 memset(&ifr, 0, sizeof(ifr)); 348 strncpy(ifr.ifr_name, device, IFNAMSIZ-1); 349 if (ioctl(icmp_sock, SIOCGIFINDEX, &ifr) < 0) { 350 fprintf(stderr, "ping: unknown iface %s\n", device); 351 exit(2); 352 } 353 cmsg.ipi.ipi_ifindex = ifr.ifr_ifindex; 354 cmsg_len = sizeof(cmsg); 355 } 356 357 if (broadcast_pings || IN_MULTICAST(ntohl(whereto.sin_addr.s_addr))) { 358 if (uid) { 359 if (interval < 1000) { 360 fprintf(stderr, "ping: broadcast ping with too short interval.\n"); 361 exit(2); 362 } 363 if (pmtudisc >= 0 && pmtudisc != IP_PMTUDISC_DO) { 364 fprintf(stderr, "ping: broadcast ping does not fragment.\n"); 365 exit(2); 366 } 367 } 368 if (pmtudisc < 0) 369 pmtudisc = IP_PMTUDISC_DO; 370 } 371 372 if (pmtudisc >= 0) { 373 if (setsockopt(icmp_sock, SOL_IP, IP_MTU_DISCOVER, &pmtudisc, sizeof(pmtudisc)) == -1) { 374 perror("ping: IP_MTU_DISCOVER"); 375 exit(2); 376 } 377 } 378 379 if (!using_ping_socket) { 380 if ((options&F_STRICTSOURCE) && 381 bind(icmp_sock, (struct sockaddr*)&source, sizeof(source)) == -1) { 382 perror("bind"); 383 exit(2); 384 } 385 } else { 386 struct sockaddr_in sa; 387 socklen_t sl; 388 389 sa.sin_family = AF_INET; 390 sa.sin_port = 0; 391 sa.sin_addr.s_addr = (options&F_STRICTSOURCE) ? 392 source.sin_addr.s_addr : 0; 393 sl = sizeof(sa); 394 395 if (bind(icmp_sock, (struct sockaddr *) &sa, sl) == -1) { 396 perror("bind"); 397 exit(2); 398 } 399 400 if (getsockname(icmp_sock, (struct sockaddr *) &sa, &sl) == -1) { 401 perror("getsockname"); 402 exit(2); 403 } 404 ident = sa.sin_port; 405 } 406 407 if (!using_ping_socket) { 408 struct icmp_filter filt; 409 filt.data = ~((1<<ICMP_SOURCE_QUENCH)| 410 (1<<ICMP_DEST_UNREACH)| 411 (1<<ICMP_TIME_EXCEEDED)| 412 (1<<ICMP_PARAMETERPROB)| 413 (1<<ICMP_REDIRECT)| 414 (1<<ICMP_ECHOREPLY)); 415 if (setsockopt(icmp_sock, SOL_RAW, ICMP_FILTER, (char*)&filt, sizeof(filt)) == -1) 416 perror("WARNING: setsockopt(ICMP_FILTER)"); 417 } 418 419 hold = 1; 420 if (setsockopt(icmp_sock, SOL_IP, IP_RECVERR, (char *)&hold, sizeof(hold))) 421 fprintf(stderr, "WARNING: your kernel is veeery old. No problems.\n"); 422 if (using_ping_socket) { 423 if (setsockopt(icmp_sock, SOL_IP, IP_RECVTTL, (char *)&hold, sizeof(hold))) 424 perror("WARNING: setsockopt(IP_RECVTTL)"); 425 if (setsockopt(icmp_sock, SOL_IP, IP_RETOPTS, (char *)&hold, sizeof(hold))) 426 perror("WARNING: setsockopt(IP_RETOPTS)"); 427 } 428 429 /* record route option */ 430 if (options & F_RROUTE) { 431 bzero(rspace, sizeof(rspace)); 432 rspace[0] = IPOPT_NOP; 433 rspace[1+IPOPT_OPTVAL] = IPOPT_RR; 434 rspace[1+IPOPT_OLEN] = sizeof(rspace)-1; 435 rspace[1+IPOPT_OFFSET] = IPOPT_MINOFF; 436 optlen = 40; 437 if (setsockopt(icmp_sock, IPPROTO_IP, IP_OPTIONS, rspace, sizeof(rspace)) < 0) { 438 perror("ping: record route"); 439 exit(2); 440 } 441 } 442 if (options & F_TIMESTAMP) { 443 bzero(rspace, sizeof(rspace)); 444 rspace[0] = IPOPT_TIMESTAMP; 445 rspace[1] = (ts_type==IPOPT_TS_TSONLY ? 40 : 36); 446 rspace[2] = 5; 447 rspace[3] = ts_type; 448 if (ts_type == IPOPT_TS_PRESPEC) { 449 int i; 450 rspace[1] = 4+nroute*8; 451 for (i=0; i<nroute; i++) 452 *(__u32*)&rspace[4+i*8] = route[i]; 453 } 454 if (setsockopt(icmp_sock, IPPROTO_IP, IP_OPTIONS, rspace, rspace[1]) < 0) { 455 rspace[3] = 2; 456 if (setsockopt(icmp_sock, IPPROTO_IP, IP_OPTIONS, rspace, rspace[1]) < 0) { 457 perror("ping: ts option"); 458 exit(2); 459 } 460 } 461 optlen = 40; 462 } 463 if (options & F_SOURCEROUTE) { 464 int i; 465 bzero(rspace, sizeof(rspace)); 466 rspace[0] = IPOPT_NOOP; 467 rspace[1+IPOPT_OPTVAL] = (options & F_SO_DONTROUTE) ? IPOPT_SSRR 468 : IPOPT_LSRR; 469 rspace[1+IPOPT_OLEN] = 3 + nroute*4; 470 rspace[1+IPOPT_OFFSET] = IPOPT_MINOFF; 471 for (i=0; i<nroute; i++) 472 *(__u32*)&rspace[4+i*4] = route[i]; 473 474 if (setsockopt(icmp_sock, IPPROTO_IP, IP_OPTIONS, rspace, 4 + nroute*4) < 0) { 475 perror("ping: record route"); 476 exit(2); 477 } 478 optlen = 40; 479 } 480 481 /* Estimate memory eaten by single packet. It is rough estimate. 482 * Actually, for small datalen's it depends on kernel side a lot. */ 483 hold = datalen + 8; 484 hold += ((hold+511)/512)*(optlen + 20 + 16 + 64 + 160); 485 sock_setbufs(icmp_sock, hold); 486 487 if (broadcast_pings) { 488 if (setsockopt(icmp_sock, SOL_SOCKET, SO_BROADCAST, 489 &broadcast_pings, sizeof(broadcast_pings)) < 0) { 490 perror ("ping: can't set broadcasting"); 491 exit(2); 492 } 493 } 494 495 if (options & F_NOLOOP) { 496 int loop = 0; 497 if (setsockopt(icmp_sock, IPPROTO_IP, IP_MULTICAST_LOOP, 498 &loop, 1) == -1) { 499 perror ("ping: can't disable multicast loopback"); 500 exit(2); 501 } 502 } 503 if (options & F_TTL) { 504 int ittl = ttl; 505 if (setsockopt(icmp_sock, IPPROTO_IP, IP_MULTICAST_TTL, 506 &ttl, 1) == -1) { 507 perror ("ping: can't set multicast time-to-live"); 508 exit(2); 509 } 510 if (setsockopt(icmp_sock, IPPROTO_IP, IP_TTL, 511 &ittl, sizeof(ittl)) == -1) { 512 perror ("ping: can't set unicast time-to-live"); 513 exit(2); 514 } 515 } 516 517 if (datalen > 0xFFFF - 8 - optlen - 20) { 518 if (uid || datalen > sizeof(outpack)-8) { 519 fprintf(stderr, "Error: packet size %d is too large. Maximum is %d\n", datalen, 0xFFFF-8-20-optlen); 520 exit(2); 521 } 522 /* Allow small oversize to root yet. It will cause EMSGSIZE. */ 523 fprintf(stderr, "WARNING: packet size %d is too large. Maximum is %d\n", datalen, 0xFFFF-8-20-optlen); 524 } 525 526 if (datalen >= sizeof(struct timeval)) /* can we time transfer */ 527 timing = 1; 528 packlen = datalen + MAXIPLEN + MAXICMPLEN; 529 if (!(packet = (u_char *)malloc((u_int)packlen))) { 530 fprintf(stderr, "ping: out of memory.\n"); 531 exit(2); 532 } 533 534 printf("PING %s (%s) ", hostname, inet_ntoa(whereto.sin_addr)); 535 if (device || (options&F_STRICTSOURCE)) 536 printf("from %s %s: ", inet_ntoa(source.sin_addr), device ?: ""); 537 printf("%d(%d) bytes of data.\n", datalen, datalen+8+optlen+20); 538 539 setup(icmp_sock); 540 541 main_loop(icmp_sock, packet, packlen); 542 } 543 544 545 int receive_error_msg() 546 { 547 int res; 548 char cbuf[512]; 549 struct iovec iov; 550 struct msghdr msg; 551 struct cmsghdr *cmsg; 552 struct sock_extended_err *e; 553 struct icmphdr icmph; 554 struct sockaddr_in target; 555 int net_errors = 0; 556 int local_errors = 0; 557 int saved_errno = errno; 558 559 iov.iov_base = &icmph; 560 iov.iov_len = sizeof(icmph); 561 msg.msg_name = (void*)⌖ 562 msg.msg_namelen = sizeof(target); 563 msg.msg_iov = &iov; 564 msg.msg_iovlen = 1; 565 msg.msg_flags = 0; 566 msg.msg_control = cbuf; 567 msg.msg_controllen = sizeof(cbuf); 568 569 res = recvmsg(icmp_sock, &msg, MSG_ERRQUEUE|MSG_DONTWAIT); 570 if (res < 0) 571 goto out; 572 573 e = NULL; 574 for (cmsg = CMSG_FIRSTHDR(&msg); cmsg; cmsg = CMSG_NXTHDR(&msg, cmsg)) { 575 if (cmsg->cmsg_level == SOL_IP) { 576 if (cmsg->cmsg_type == IP_RECVERR) 577 e = (struct sock_extended_err *)CMSG_DATA(cmsg); 578 } 579 } 580 if (e == NULL) 581 abort(); 582 583 if (e->ee_origin == SO_EE_ORIGIN_LOCAL) { 584 local_errors++; 585 if (options & F_QUIET) 586 goto out; 587 if (options & F_FLOOD) 588 write(STDOUT_FILENO, "E", 1); 589 else if (e->ee_errno != EMSGSIZE) 590 fprintf(stderr, "ping: local error: %s\n", strerror(e->ee_errno)); 591 else 592 fprintf(stderr, "ping: local error: Message too long, mtu=%u\n", e->ee_info); 593 nerrors++; 594 } else if (e->ee_origin == SO_EE_ORIGIN_ICMP) { 595 struct sockaddr_in *sin = (struct sockaddr_in*)(e+1); 596 int error_pkt; 597 598 if (res < sizeof(icmph) || 599 target.sin_addr.s_addr != whereto.sin_addr.s_addr || 600 icmph.type != ICMP_ECHO || 601 icmph.un.echo.id != ident) { 602 /* Not our error, not an error at all. Clear. */ 603 saved_errno = 0; 604 goto out; 605 } 606 607 error_pkt = (e->ee_type != ICMP_REDIRECT && 608 e->ee_type != ICMP_SOURCE_QUENCH); 609 if (error_pkt) { 610 acknowledge(ntohs(icmph.un.echo.sequence)); 611 net_errors++; 612 nerrors++; 613 } 614 else { 615 saved_errno = 0; 616 } 617 618 if (!using_ping_socket && !working_recverr) { 619 struct icmp_filter filt; 620 working_recverr = 1; 621 /* OK, it works. Add stronger filter. */ 622 filt.data = ~((1<<ICMP_SOURCE_QUENCH)| 623 (1<<ICMP_REDIRECT)| 624 (1<<ICMP_ECHOREPLY)); 625 if (setsockopt(icmp_sock, SOL_RAW, ICMP_FILTER, (char*)&filt, sizeof(filt)) == -1) 626 perror("\rWARNING: setsockopt(ICMP_FILTER)"); 627 } 628 629 if (options & F_QUIET) 630 goto out; 631 if (options & F_FLOOD) { 632 if (error_pkt) 633 write(STDOUT_FILENO, "\bE", 2); 634 } else { 635 printf("From %s: icmp_seq=%u ", pr_addr(sin->sin_addr.s_addr), ntohs(icmph.un.echo.sequence)); 636 pr_icmph(e->ee_type, e->ee_code, e->ee_info, NULL); 637 fflush(stdout); 638 } 639 } 640 641 out: 642 errno = saved_errno; 643 return net_errors ? : -local_errors; 644 } 645 646 /* 647 * pinger -- 648 * Compose and transmit an ICMP ECHO REQUEST packet. The IP packet 649 * will be added on by the kernel. The ID field is our UNIX process ID, 650 * and the sequence number is an ascending integer. The first 8 bytes 651 * of the data portion are used to hold a UNIX "timeval" struct in VAX 652 * byte-order, to compute the round-trip time. 653 */ 654 int send_probe() 655 { 656 struct icmphdr *icp; 657 int cc; 658 int i; 659 660 icp = (struct icmphdr *)outpack; 661 icp->type = ICMP_ECHO; 662 icp->code = 0; 663 icp->checksum = 0; 664 icp->un.echo.sequence = htons(ntransmitted+1); 665 icp->un.echo.id = ident; /* ID */ 666 667 CLR((ntransmitted+1) % mx_dup_ck); 668 669 if (timing) { 670 if (options&F_LATENCY) { 671 static volatile int fake_fucked_egcs = sizeof(struct timeval); 672 struct timeval tmp_tv; 673 gettimeofday(&tmp_tv, NULL); 674 /* egcs is crap or glibc is crap, but memcpy 675 does not copy anything, if len is constant! */ 676 memcpy(icp+1, &tmp_tv, fake_fucked_egcs); 677 } else { 678 memset(icp+1, 0, sizeof(struct timeval)); 679 } 680 } 681 682 cc = datalen + 8; /* skips ICMP portion */ 683 684 /* compute ICMP checksum here */ 685 icp->checksum = in_cksum((u_short *)icp, cc, 0); 686 687 if (timing && !(options&F_LATENCY)) { 688 static volatile int fake_fucked_egcs = sizeof(struct timeval); 689 struct timeval tmp_tv; 690 gettimeofday(&tmp_tv, NULL); 691 /* egcs is crap or glibc is crap, but memcpy 692 does not copy anything, if len is constant! */ 693 memcpy(icp+1, &tmp_tv, fake_fucked_egcs); 694 icp->checksum = in_cksum((u_short *)(icp+1), fake_fucked_egcs, ~icp->checksum); 695 } 696 697 do { 698 static struct iovec iov = {outpack, 0}; 699 static struct msghdr m = { &whereto, sizeof(whereto), 700 &iov, 1, &cmsg, 0, 0 }; 701 m.msg_controllen = cmsg_len; 702 iov.iov_len = cc; 703 704 i = sendmsg(icmp_sock, &m, confirm); 705 confirm = 0; 706 } while (0); 707 708 return (cc == i ? 0 : i); 709 } 710 711 /* 712 * parse_reply -- 713 * Print out the packet, if it came from us. This logic is necessary 714 * because ALL readers of the ICMP socket get a copy of ALL ICMP packets 715 * which arrive ('tis only fair). This permits multiple copies of this 716 * program to be run without having intermingled output (or statistics!). 717 */ 718 int 719 parse_reply(struct msghdr *msg, int cc, void *addr, struct timeval *tv) 720 { 721 struct sockaddr_in *from = addr; 722 __u8 *buf = msg->msg_iov->iov_base; 723 struct icmphdr *icp; 724 struct iphdr *ip; 725 int hlen; 726 int csfailed; 727 struct cmsghdr *cmsg; 728 int ttl; 729 __u8 *opts; 730 int optlen; 731 732 /* Check the IP header */ 733 ip = (struct iphdr *)buf; 734 if (!using_ping_socket) { 735 hlen = ip->ihl*4; 736 if (cc < hlen + 8 || ip->ihl < 5) { 737 if (options & F_VERBOSE) 738 fprintf(stderr, "ping: packet too short (%d bytes) from %s\n", cc, 739 pr_addr(from->sin_addr.s_addr)); 740 return 1; 741 } 742 ttl = ip->ttl; 743 opts = buf + sizeof(struct iphdr); 744 optlen = hlen - sizeof(struct iphdr); 745 } else { 746 hlen = 0; 747 ttl = 0; 748 opts = buf; 749 optlen = 0; 750 for (cmsg = CMSG_FIRSTHDR(msg); cmsg; cmsg = CMSG_NXTHDR(msg, cmsg)) { 751 if (cmsg->cmsg_level != SOL_IP) 752 continue; 753 if (cmsg->cmsg_type == IP_TTL) { 754 if (cmsg->cmsg_len < sizeof(int)) 755 continue; 756 ttl = *(int *) CMSG_DATA(cmsg); 757 } else if (cmsg->cmsg_type == IP_RETOPTS) { 758 opts = (__u8 *) CMSG_DATA(cmsg); 759 optlen = cmsg->cmsg_len; 760 } 761 } 762 } 763 764 /* Now the ICMP part */ 765 cc -= hlen; 766 icp = (struct icmphdr *)(buf + hlen); 767 csfailed = in_cksum((u_short *)icp, cc, 0); 768 769 if (icp->type == ICMP_ECHOREPLY) { 770 if (icp->un.echo.id != ident) 771 return 1; /* 'Twas not our ECHO */ 772 if (gather_statistics((__u8*)(icp+1), cc, 773 ntohs(icp->un.echo.sequence), 774 ttl, 0, tv, pr_addr(from->sin_addr.s_addr))) 775 return 0; 776 } else { 777 /* We fall here when a redirect or source quench arrived. 778 * Also this branch processes icmp errors, when IP_RECVERR 779 * is broken. */ 780 781 switch (icp->type) { 782 case ICMP_ECHO: 783 /* MUST NOT */ 784 return 1; 785 case ICMP_SOURCE_QUENCH: 786 case ICMP_REDIRECT: 787 case ICMP_DEST_UNREACH: 788 case ICMP_TIME_EXCEEDED: 789 case ICMP_PARAMETERPROB: 790 { 791 struct iphdr * iph = (struct iphdr *)(&icp[1]); 792 struct icmphdr *icp1 = (struct icmphdr*)((unsigned char *)iph + iph->ihl*4); 793 int error_pkt; 794 if (cc < 8+sizeof(struct iphdr)+8 || 795 cc < 8+iph->ihl*4+8) 796 return 1; 797 if (icp1->type != ICMP_ECHO || 798 iph->daddr != whereto.sin_addr.s_addr || 799 icp1->un.echo.id != ident) 800 return 1; 801 error_pkt = (icp->type != ICMP_REDIRECT && 802 icp->type != ICMP_SOURCE_QUENCH); 803 if (error_pkt) { 804 acknowledge(ntohs(icp1->un.echo.sequence)); 805 if (working_recverr) { 806 return 0; 807 } else { 808 static int once; 809 /* Sigh, IP_RECVERR for raw socket 810 * was broken until 2.4.9. So, we ignore 811 * the first error and warn on the second. 812 */ 813 if (once++ == 1) 814 fprintf(stderr, "\rWARNING: kernel is not very fresh, upgrade is recommended.\n"); 815 if (once == 1) 816 return 0; 817 } 818 } 819 nerrors+=error_pkt; 820 if (options&F_QUIET) 821 return !error_pkt; 822 if (options & F_FLOOD) { 823 if (error_pkt) 824 write(STDOUT_FILENO, "\bE", 2); 825 return !error_pkt; 826 } 827 printf("From %s: icmp_seq=%u ", 828 pr_addr(from->sin_addr.s_addr), 829 ntohs(icp1->un.echo.sequence)); 830 if (csfailed) 831 printf("(BAD CHECKSUM)"); 832 pr_icmph(icp->type, icp->code, ntohl(icp->un.gateway), icp); 833 return !error_pkt; 834 } 835 default: 836 /* MUST NOT */ 837 break; 838 } 839 if ((options & F_FLOOD) && !(options & (F_VERBOSE|F_QUIET))) { 840 if (!csfailed) 841 write(STDOUT_FILENO, "!E", 2); 842 else 843 write(STDOUT_FILENO, "!EC", 3); 844 return 0; 845 } 846 if (!(options & F_VERBOSE) || uid) 847 return 0; 848 printf("From %s: ", pr_addr(from->sin_addr.s_addr)); 849 if (csfailed) { 850 printf("(BAD CHECKSUM)\n"); 851 return 0; 852 } 853 pr_icmph(icp->type, icp->code, ntohl(icp->un.gateway), icp); 854 return 0; 855 } 856 857 if (!(options & F_FLOOD)) { 858 pr_options(opts, optlen + sizeof(struct iphdr)); 859 860 if (options & F_AUDIBLE) 861 putchar('\a'); 862 putchar('\n'); 863 fflush(stdout); 864 } 865 return 0; 866 } 867 868 u_short 869 in_cksum(const u_short *addr, register int len, u_short csum) 870 { 871 register int nleft = len; 872 const u_short *w = addr; 873 register u_short answer; 874 register int sum = csum; 875 876 /* 877 * Our algorithm is simple, using a 32 bit accumulator (sum), 878 * we add sequential 16 bit words to it, and at the end, fold 879 * back all the carry bits from the top 16 bits into the lower 880 * 16 bits. 881 */ 882 while (nleft > 1) { 883 sum += *w++; 884 nleft -= 2; 885 } 886 887 /* mop up an odd byte, if necessary */ 888 if (nleft == 1) 889 sum += htons(*(u_char *)w << 8); 890 891 /* 892 * add back carry outs from top 16 bits to low 16 bits 893 */ 894 sum = (sum >> 16) + (sum & 0xffff); /* add hi 16 to low 16 */ 895 sum += (sum >> 16); /* add carry */ 896 answer = ~sum; /* truncate to 16 bits */ 897 return (answer); 898 } 899 900 /* 901 * pr_icmph -- 902 * Print a descriptive string about an ICMP header. 903 */ 904 void pr_icmph(__u8 type, __u8 code, __u32 info, struct icmphdr *icp) 905 { 906 switch(type) { 907 case ICMP_ECHOREPLY: 908 printf("Echo Reply\n"); 909 /* XXX ID + Seq + Data */ 910 break; 911 case ICMP_DEST_UNREACH: 912 switch(code) { 913 case ICMP_NET_UNREACH: 914 printf("Destination Net Unreachable\n"); 915 break; 916 case ICMP_HOST_UNREACH: 917 printf("Destination Host Unreachable\n"); 918 break; 919 case ICMP_PROT_UNREACH: 920 printf("Destination Protocol Unreachable\n"); 921 break; 922 case ICMP_PORT_UNREACH: 923 printf("Destination Port Unreachable\n"); 924 break; 925 case ICMP_FRAG_NEEDED: 926 printf("Frag needed and DF set (mtu = %u)\n", info); 927 break; 928 case ICMP_SR_FAILED: 929 printf("Source Route Failed\n"); 930 break; 931 case ICMP_PKT_FILTERED: 932 printf("Packet filtered\n"); 933 break; 934 default: 935 printf("Dest Unreachable, Bad Code: %d\n", code); 936 break; 937 } 938 if (icp && (options & F_VERBOSE)) 939 pr_iph((struct iphdr*)(icp + 1)); 940 break; 941 case ICMP_SOURCE_QUENCH: 942 printf("Source Quench\n"); 943 if (icp && (options & F_VERBOSE)) 944 pr_iph((struct iphdr*)(icp + 1)); 945 break; 946 case ICMP_REDIRECT: 947 switch(code) { 948 case ICMP_REDIR_NET: 949 printf("Redirect Network"); 950 break; 951 case ICMP_REDIR_HOST: 952 printf("Redirect Host"); 953 break; 954 case ICMP_REDIR_NETTOS: 955 printf("Redirect Type of Service and Network"); 956 break; 957 case ICMP_REDIR_HOSTTOS: 958 printf("Redirect Type of Service and Host"); 959 break; 960 default: 961 printf("Redirect, Bad Code: %d", code); 962 break; 963 } 964 printf("(New nexthop: %s)\n", pr_addr(icp ? icp->un.gateway : info)); 965 if (icp && (options & F_VERBOSE)) 966 pr_iph((struct iphdr*)(icp + 1)); 967 break; 968 case ICMP_ECHO: 969 printf("Echo Request\n"); 970 /* XXX ID + Seq + Data */ 971 break; 972 case ICMP_TIME_EXCEEDED: 973 switch(code) { 974 case ICMP_EXC_TTL: 975 printf("Time to live exceeded\n"); 976 break; 977 case ICMP_EXC_FRAGTIME: 978 printf("Frag reassembly time exceeded\n"); 979 break; 980 default: 981 printf("Time exceeded, Bad Code: %d\n", code); 982 break; 983 } 984 if (icp && (options & F_VERBOSE)) 985 pr_iph((struct iphdr*)(icp + 1)); 986 break; 987 case ICMP_PARAMETERPROB: 988 printf("Parameter problem: pointer = %u\n", icp ? (ntohl(icp->un.gateway)>>24) : info); 989 if (icp && (options & F_VERBOSE)) 990 pr_iph((struct iphdr*)(icp + 1)); 991 break; 992 case ICMP_TIMESTAMP: 993 printf("Timestamp\n"); 994 /* XXX ID + Seq + 3 timestamps */ 995 break; 996 case ICMP_TIMESTAMPREPLY: 997 printf("Timestamp Reply\n"); 998 /* XXX ID + Seq + 3 timestamps */ 999 break; 1000 case ICMP_INFO_REQUEST: 1001 printf("Information Request\n"); 1002 /* XXX ID + Seq */ 1003 break; 1004 case ICMP_INFO_REPLY: 1005 printf("Information Reply\n"); 1006 /* XXX ID + Seq */ 1007 break; 1008 #ifdef ICMP_MASKREQ 1009 case ICMP_MASKREQ: 1010 printf("Address Mask Request\n"); 1011 break; 1012 #endif 1013 #ifdef ICMP_MASKREPLY 1014 case ICMP_MASKREPLY: 1015 printf("Address Mask Reply\n"); 1016 break; 1017 #endif 1018 default: 1019 printf("Bad ICMP type: %d\n", type); 1020 } 1021 } 1022 1023 void pr_options(unsigned char * cp, int hlen) 1024 { 1025 int i, j; 1026 int optlen, totlen; 1027 unsigned char * optptr; 1028 static int old_rrlen; 1029 static char old_rr[MAX_IPOPTLEN]; 1030 1031 totlen = hlen-sizeof(struct iphdr); 1032 optptr = cp; 1033 1034 while (totlen > 0) { 1035 if (*optptr == IPOPT_EOL) 1036 break; 1037 if (*optptr == IPOPT_NOP) { 1038 totlen--; 1039 optptr++; 1040 printf("\nNOP"); 1041 continue; 1042 } 1043 cp = optptr; 1044 optlen = optptr[1]; 1045 if (optlen < 2 || optlen > totlen) 1046 break; 1047 1048 switch (*cp) { 1049 case IPOPT_SSRR: 1050 case IPOPT_LSRR: 1051 printf("\n%cSRR: ", *cp==IPOPT_SSRR ? 'S' : 'L'); 1052 j = *++cp; 1053 i = *++cp; 1054 i -= 4; 1055 cp++; 1056 if (j > IPOPT_MINOFF) { 1057 for (;;) { 1058 __u32 address; 1059 memcpy(&address, cp, 4); 1060 cp += 4; 1061 if (address == 0) 1062 printf("\t0.0.0.0"); 1063 else 1064 printf("\t%s", pr_addr(address)); 1065 j -= 4; 1066 putchar('\n'); 1067 if (j <= IPOPT_MINOFF) 1068 break; 1069 } 1070 } 1071 break; 1072 case IPOPT_RR: 1073 j = *++cp; /* get length */ 1074 i = *++cp; /* and pointer */ 1075 if (i > j) 1076 i = j; 1077 i -= IPOPT_MINOFF; 1078 if (i <= 0) 1079 continue; 1080 if (i == old_rrlen 1081 && !bcmp((char *)cp, old_rr, i) 1082 && !(options & F_FLOOD)) { 1083 printf("\t(same route)"); 1084 i = ((i + 3) / 4) * 4; 1085 cp += i; 1086 break; 1087 } 1088 old_rrlen = i; 1089 bcopy((char *)cp, old_rr, i); 1090 printf("\nRR: "); 1091 cp++; 1092 for (;;) { 1093 __u32 address; 1094 memcpy(&address, cp, 4); 1095 cp += 4; 1096 if (address == 0) 1097 printf("\t0.0.0.0"); 1098 else 1099 printf("\t%s", pr_addr(address)); 1100 i -= 4; 1101 putchar('\n'); 1102 if (i <= 0) 1103 break; 1104 } 1105 break; 1106 case IPOPT_TS: 1107 { 1108 int stdtime = 0, nonstdtime = 0; 1109 __u8 flags; 1110 j = *++cp; /* get length */ 1111 i = *++cp; /* and pointer */ 1112 if (i > j) 1113 i = j; 1114 i -= 5; 1115 if (i <= 0) 1116 continue; 1117 flags = *++cp; 1118 printf("\nTS: "); 1119 cp++; 1120 for (;;) { 1121 long l; 1122 1123 if ((flags&0xF) != IPOPT_TS_TSONLY) { 1124 __u32 address; 1125 memcpy(&address, cp, 4); 1126 cp += 4; 1127 if (address == 0) 1128 printf("\t0.0.0.0"); 1129 else 1130 printf("\t%s", pr_addr(address)); 1131 i -= 4; 1132 if (i <= 0) 1133 break; 1134 } 1135 l = *cp++; 1136 l = (l<<8) + *cp++; 1137 l = (l<<8) + *cp++; 1138 l = (l<<8) + *cp++; 1139 1140 if (l & 0x80000000) { 1141 if (nonstdtime==0) 1142 printf("\t%ld absolute not-standard", l&0x7fffffff); 1143 else 1144 printf("\t%ld not-standard", (l&0x7fffffff) - nonstdtime); 1145 nonstdtime = l&0x7fffffff; 1146 } else { 1147 if (stdtime==0) 1148 printf("\t%ld absolute", l); 1149 else 1150 printf("\t%ld", l - stdtime); 1151 stdtime = l; 1152 } 1153 i -= 4; 1154 putchar('\n'); 1155 if (i <= 0) 1156 break; 1157 } 1158 if (flags>>4) 1159 printf("Unrecorded hops: %d\n", flags>>4); 1160 break; 1161 } 1162 default: 1163 printf("\nunknown option %x", *cp); 1164 break; 1165 } 1166 totlen -= optlen; 1167 optptr += optlen; 1168 } 1169 } 1170 1171 1172 /* 1173 * pr_iph -- 1174 * Print an IP header with options. 1175 */ 1176 void pr_iph(struct iphdr *ip) 1177 { 1178 int hlen; 1179 u_char *cp; 1180 1181 hlen = ip->ihl << 2; 1182 cp = (u_char *)ip + 20; /* point to options */ 1183 1184 printf("Vr HL TOS Len ID Flg off TTL Pro cks Src Dst Data\n"); 1185 printf(" %1x %1x %02x %04x %04x", 1186 ip->version, ip->ihl, ip->tos, ip->tot_len, ip->id); 1187 printf(" %1x %04x", ((ip->frag_off) & 0xe000) >> 13, 1188 (ip->frag_off) & 0x1fff); 1189 printf(" %02x %02x %04x", ip->ttl, ip->protocol, ip->check); 1190 printf(" %s ", inet_ntoa(*(struct in_addr *)&ip->saddr)); 1191 printf(" %s ", inet_ntoa(*(struct in_addr *)&ip->daddr)); 1192 printf("\n"); 1193 pr_options(cp, hlen); 1194 } 1195 1196 /* 1197 * pr_addr -- 1198 * Return an ascii host address as a dotted quad and optionally with 1199 * a hostname. 1200 */ 1201 char * 1202 pr_addr(__u32 addr) 1203 { 1204 struct hostent *hp; 1205 static char buf[4096]; 1206 1207 if ((options & F_NUMERIC) || 1208 !(hp = gethostbyaddr((char *)&addr, 4, AF_INET))) 1209 sprintf(buf, "%s", inet_ntoa(*(struct in_addr *)&addr)); 1210 else 1211 snprintf(buf, sizeof(buf), "%s (%s)", hp->h_name, 1212 inet_ntoa(*(struct in_addr *)&addr)); 1213 return(buf); 1214 } 1215 1216 1217 /* Set Type of Service (TOS) and other Quality of Service relating bits */ 1218 int parsetos(char *str) 1219 { 1220 const char *cp; 1221 int tos; 1222 char *ep; 1223 1224 /* handle both hex and decimal values */ 1225 if (str[0] == '0' && (str[1] == 'x' || str[1] == 'X')) { 1226 cp = str + 2; 1227 tos = (int)strtol(cp, &ep, 16); 1228 } else 1229 tos = (int)strtol(str, &ep, 10); 1230 1231 /* doesn't look like decimal or hex, eh? */ 1232 if (*ep != '\0') { 1233 fprintf(stderr, "ping: \"%s\" bad value for TOS\n", str); 1234 exit(2); 1235 } 1236 1237 if (tos > TOS_MAX) { 1238 fprintf(stderr, "ping: the decimal value of TOS bits must be 0-254 (or zero)\n"); 1239 exit(2); 1240 } 1241 return(tos); 1242 } 1243 1244 #include <linux/filter.h> 1245 1246 void install_filter(void) 1247 { 1248 static int once; 1249 static struct sock_filter insns[] = { 1250 BPF_STMT(BPF_LDX|BPF_B|BPF_MSH, 0), /* Skip IP header. F..g BSD... Look into ping6. */ 1251 BPF_STMT(BPF_LD|BPF_H|BPF_IND, 4), /* Load icmp echo ident */ 1252 BPF_JUMP(BPF_JMP|BPF_JEQ|BPF_K, 0xAAAA, 0, 1), /* Ours? */ 1253 BPF_STMT(BPF_RET|BPF_K, ~0U), /* Yes, it passes. */ 1254 BPF_STMT(BPF_LD|BPF_B|BPF_IND, 0), /* Load icmp type */ 1255 BPF_JUMP(BPF_JMP|BPF_JEQ|BPF_K, ICMP_ECHOREPLY, 1, 0), /* Echo? */ 1256 BPF_STMT(BPF_RET|BPF_K, 0xFFFFFFF), /* No. It passes. */ 1257 BPF_STMT(BPF_RET|BPF_K, 0) /* Echo with wrong ident. Reject. */ 1258 }; 1259 static struct sock_fprog filter = { 1260 sizeof insns / sizeof(insns[0]), 1261 insns 1262 }; 1263 1264 if (once || using_ping_socket) 1265 return; 1266 once = 1; 1267 1268 /* Patch bpflet for current identifier. */ 1269 insns[2] = (struct sock_filter)BPF_JUMP(BPF_JMP|BPF_JEQ|BPF_K, __constant_htons(ident), 0, 1); 1270 1271 if (setsockopt(icmp_sock, SOL_SOCKET, SO_ATTACH_FILTER, &filter, sizeof(filter))) 1272 perror("WARNING: failed to install socket filter\n"); 1273 } 1274 1275 1276 void usage(void) 1277 { 1278 fprintf(stderr, 1279 "Usage: ping [-LRUbdfnqrvVaA] [-c count] [-i interval] [-w deadline]\n" 1280 " [-p pattern] [-s packetsize] [-t ttl] [-I interface or address]\n" 1281 " [-M mtu discovery hint] [-S sndbuf]\n" 1282 " [ -T timestamp option ] [ -Q tos ] [hop1 ...] destination\n"); 1283 exit(2); 1284 } 1285
