1 /* 2 * jmemdos.c 3 * 4 * Copyright (C) 1992-1997, Thomas G. Lane. 5 * This file is part of the Independent JPEG Group's software. 6 * For conditions of distribution and use, see the accompanying README file. 7 * 8 * This file provides an MS-DOS-compatible implementation of the system- 9 * dependent portion of the JPEG memory manager. Temporary data can be 10 * stored in extended or expanded memory as well as in regular DOS files. 11 * 12 * If you use this file, you must be sure that NEED_FAR_POINTERS is defined 13 * if you compile in a small-data memory model; it should NOT be defined if 14 * you use a large-data memory model. This file is not recommended if you 15 * are using a flat-memory-space 386 environment such as DJGCC or Watcom C. 16 * Also, this code will NOT work if struct fields are aligned on greater than 17 * 2-byte boundaries. 18 * 19 * Based on code contributed by Ge' Weijers. 20 */ 21 22 /* 23 * If you have both extended and expanded memory, you may want to change the 24 * order in which they are tried in jopen_backing_store. On a 286 machine 25 * expanded memory is usually faster, since extended memory access involves 26 * an expensive protected-mode-and-back switch. On 386 and better, extended 27 * memory is usually faster. As distributed, the code tries extended memory 28 * first (what? not everyone has a 386? :-). 29 * 30 * You can disable use of extended/expanded memory entirely by altering these 31 * definitions or overriding them from the Makefile (eg, -DEMS_SUPPORTED=0). 32 */ 33 34 #ifndef XMS_SUPPORTED 35 #define XMS_SUPPORTED 1 36 #endif 37 #ifndef EMS_SUPPORTED 38 #define EMS_SUPPORTED 1 39 #endif 40 41 42 #define JPEG_INTERNALS 43 #include "jinclude.h" 44 #include "jpeglib.h" 45 #include "jmemsys.h" /* import the system-dependent declarations */ 46 47 #ifndef HAVE_STDLIB_H /* <stdlib.h> should declare these */ 48 extern void * malloc JPP((size_t size)); 49 extern void free JPP((void *ptr)); 50 extern char * getenv JPP((const char * name)); 51 #endif 52 53 #ifdef NEED_FAR_POINTERS 54 55 #ifdef __TURBOC__ 56 /* These definitions work for Borland C (Turbo C) */ 57 #include <alloc.h> /* need farmalloc(), farfree() */ 58 #define far_malloc(x) farmalloc(x) 59 #define far_free(x) farfree(x) 60 #else 61 /* These definitions work for Microsoft C and compatible compilers */ 62 #include <malloc.h> /* need _fmalloc(), _ffree() */ 63 #define far_malloc(x) _fmalloc(x) 64 #define far_free(x) _ffree(x) 65 #endif 66 67 #else /* not NEED_FAR_POINTERS */ 68 69 #define far_malloc(x) malloc(x) 70 #define far_free(x) free(x) 71 72 #endif /* NEED_FAR_POINTERS */ 73 74 #ifdef DONT_USE_B_MODE /* define mode parameters for fopen() */ 75 #define READ_BINARY "r" 76 #else 77 #define READ_BINARY "rb" 78 #endif 79 80 #ifndef USE_MSDOS_MEMMGR /* make sure user got configuration right */ 81 You forgot to define USE_MSDOS_MEMMGR in jconfig.h. /* deliberate syntax error */ 82 #endif 83 84 #if MAX_ALLOC_CHUNK >= 65535L /* make sure jconfig.h got this right */ 85 MAX_ALLOC_CHUNK should be less than 64K. /* deliberate syntax error */ 86 #endif 87 88 89 /* 90 * Declarations for assembly-language support routines (see jmemdosa.asm). 91 * 92 * The functions are declared "far" as are all their pointer arguments; 93 * this ensures the assembly source code will work regardless of the 94 * compiler memory model. We assume "short" is 16 bits, "long" is 32. 95 */ 96 97 typedef void far * XMSDRIVER; /* actually a pointer to code */ 98 typedef struct { /* registers for calling XMS driver */ 99 unsigned short ax, dx, bx; 100 void far * ds_si; 101 } XMScontext; 102 typedef struct { /* registers for calling EMS driver */ 103 unsigned short ax, dx, bx; 104 void far * ds_si; 105 } EMScontext; 106 107 extern short far jdos_open JPP((short far * handle, char far * filename)); 108 extern short far jdos_close JPP((short handle)); 109 extern short far jdos_seek JPP((short handle, long offset)); 110 extern short far jdos_read JPP((short handle, void far * buffer, 111 unsigned short count)); 112 extern short far jdos_write JPP((short handle, void far * buffer, 113 unsigned short count)); 114 extern void far jxms_getdriver JPP((XMSDRIVER far *)); 115 extern void far jxms_calldriver JPP((XMSDRIVER, XMScontext far *)); 116 extern short far jems_available JPP((void)); 117 extern void far jems_calldriver JPP((EMScontext far *)); 118 119 120 /* 121 * Selection of a file name for a temporary file. 122 * This is highly system-dependent, and you may want to customize it. 123 */ 124 125 static int next_file_num; /* to distinguish among several temp files */ 126 127 LOCAL(void) 128 select_file_name (char * fname) 129 { 130 const char * env; 131 char * ptr; 132 FILE * tfile; 133 134 /* Keep generating file names till we find one that's not in use */ 135 for (;;) { 136 /* Get temp directory name from environment TMP or TEMP variable; 137 * if none, use "." 138 */ 139 if ((env = (const char *) getenv("TMP")) == NULL) 140 if ((env = (const char *) getenv("TEMP")) == NULL) 141 env = "."; 142 if (*env == '\0') /* null string means "." */ 143 env = "."; 144 ptr = fname; /* copy name to fname */ 145 while (*env != '\0') 146 *ptr++ = *env++; 147 if (ptr[-1] != '\\' && ptr[-1] != '/') 148 *ptr++ = '\\'; /* append backslash if not in env variable */ 149 /* Append a suitable file name */ 150 next_file_num++; /* advance counter */ 151 sprintf(ptr, "JPG%03d.TMP", next_file_num); 152 /* Probe to see if file name is already in use */ 153 if ((tfile = fopen(fname, READ_BINARY)) == NULL) 154 break; 155 fclose(tfile); /* oops, it's there; close tfile & try again */ 156 } 157 } 158 159 160 /* 161 * Near-memory allocation and freeing are controlled by the regular library 162 * routines malloc() and free(). 163 */ 164 165 GLOBAL(void *) 166 jpeg_get_small (j_common_ptr cinfo, size_t sizeofobject) 167 { 168 return (void *) malloc(sizeofobject); 169 } 170 171 GLOBAL(void) 172 jpeg_free_small (j_common_ptr cinfo, void * object, size_t sizeofobject) 173 { 174 free(object); 175 } 176 177 178 /* 179 * "Large" objects are allocated in far memory, if possible 180 */ 181 182 GLOBAL(void FAR *) 183 jpeg_get_large (j_common_ptr cinfo, size_t sizeofobject) 184 { 185 return (void FAR *) far_malloc(sizeofobject); 186 } 187 188 GLOBAL(void) 189 jpeg_free_large (j_common_ptr cinfo, void FAR * object, size_t sizeofobject) 190 { 191 far_free(object); 192 } 193 194 195 /* 196 * This routine computes the total memory space available for allocation. 197 * It's impossible to do this in a portable way; our current solution is 198 * to make the user tell us (with a default value set at compile time). 199 * If you can actually get the available space, it's a good idea to subtract 200 * a slop factor of 5% or so. 201 */ 202 203 #ifndef DEFAULT_MAX_MEM /* so can override from makefile */ 204 #define DEFAULT_MAX_MEM 300000L /* for total usage about 450K */ 205 #endif 206 207 GLOBAL(long) 208 jpeg_mem_available (j_common_ptr cinfo, long min_bytes_needed, 209 long max_bytes_needed, long already_allocated) 210 { 211 return cinfo->mem->max_memory_to_use - already_allocated; 212 } 213 214 215 /* 216 * Backing store (temporary file) management. 217 * Backing store objects are only used when the value returned by 218 * jpeg_mem_available is less than the total space needed. You can dispense 219 * with these routines if you have plenty of virtual memory; see jmemnobs.c. 220 */ 221 222 /* 223 * For MS-DOS we support three types of backing storage: 224 * 1. Conventional DOS files. We access these by direct DOS calls rather 225 * than via the stdio package. This provides a bit better performance, 226 * but the real reason is that the buffers to be read or written are FAR. 227 * The stdio library for small-data memory models can't cope with that. 228 * 2. Extended memory, accessed per the XMS V2.0 specification. 229 * 3. Expanded memory, accessed per the LIM/EMS 4.0 specification. 230 * You'll need copies of those specs to make sense of the related code. 231 * The specs are available by Internet FTP from the SIMTEL archives 232 * (oak.oakland.edu and its various mirror sites). See files 233 * pub/msdos/microsoft/xms20.arc and pub/msdos/info/limems41.zip. 234 */ 235 236 237 /* 238 * Access methods for a DOS file. 239 */ 240 241 242 METHODDEF(void) 243 read_file_store (j_common_ptr cinfo, backing_store_ptr info, 244 void FAR * buffer_address, 245 long file_offset, long byte_count) 246 { 247 if (jdos_seek(info->handle.file_handle, file_offset)) 248 ERREXIT(cinfo, JERR_TFILE_SEEK); 249 /* Since MAX_ALLOC_CHUNK is less than 64K, byte_count will be too. */ 250 if (byte_count > 65535L) /* safety check */ 251 ERREXIT(cinfo, JERR_BAD_ALLOC_CHUNK); 252 if (jdos_read(info->handle.file_handle, buffer_address, 253 (unsigned short) byte_count)) 254 ERREXIT(cinfo, JERR_TFILE_READ); 255 } 256 257 258 METHODDEF(void) 259 write_file_store (j_common_ptr cinfo, backing_store_ptr info, 260 void FAR * buffer_address, 261 long file_offset, long byte_count) 262 { 263 if (jdos_seek(info->handle.file_handle, file_offset)) 264 ERREXIT(cinfo, JERR_TFILE_SEEK); 265 /* Since MAX_ALLOC_CHUNK is less than 64K, byte_count will be too. */ 266 if (byte_count > 65535L) /* safety check */ 267 ERREXIT(cinfo, JERR_BAD_ALLOC_CHUNK); 268 if (jdos_write(info->handle.file_handle, buffer_address, 269 (unsigned short) byte_count)) 270 ERREXIT(cinfo, JERR_TFILE_WRITE); 271 } 272 273 274 METHODDEF(void) 275 close_file_store (j_common_ptr cinfo, backing_store_ptr info) 276 { 277 jdos_close(info->handle.file_handle); /* close the file */ 278 remove(info->temp_name); /* delete the file */ 279 /* If your system doesn't have remove(), try unlink() instead. 280 * remove() is the ANSI-standard name for this function, but 281 * unlink() was more common in pre-ANSI systems. 282 */ 283 TRACEMSS(cinfo, 1, JTRC_TFILE_CLOSE, info->temp_name); 284 } 285 286 287 LOCAL(boolean) 288 open_file_store (j_common_ptr cinfo, backing_store_ptr info, 289 long total_bytes_needed) 290 { 291 short handle; 292 293 select_file_name(info->temp_name); 294 if (jdos_open((short far *) & handle, (char far *) info->temp_name)) { 295 /* might as well exit since jpeg_open_backing_store will fail anyway */ 296 ERREXITS(cinfo, JERR_TFILE_CREATE, info->temp_name); 297 return FALSE; 298 } 299 info->handle.file_handle = handle; 300 info->read_backing_store = read_file_store; 301 info->write_backing_store = write_file_store; 302 info->close_backing_store = close_file_store; 303 TRACEMSS(cinfo, 1, JTRC_TFILE_OPEN, info->temp_name); 304 return TRUE; /* succeeded */ 305 } 306 307 308 /* 309 * Access methods for extended memory. 310 */ 311 312 #if XMS_SUPPORTED 313 314 static XMSDRIVER xms_driver; /* saved address of XMS driver */ 315 316 typedef union { /* either long offset or real-mode pointer */ 317 long offset; 318 void far * ptr; 319 } XMSPTR; 320 321 typedef struct { /* XMS move specification structure */ 322 long length; 323 XMSH src_handle; 324 XMSPTR src; 325 XMSH dst_handle; 326 XMSPTR dst; 327 } XMSspec; 328 329 #define ODD(X) (((X) & 1L) != 0) 330 331 332 METHODDEF(void) 333 read_xms_store (j_common_ptr cinfo, backing_store_ptr info, 334 void FAR * buffer_address, 335 long file_offset, long byte_count) 336 { 337 XMScontext ctx; 338 XMSspec spec; 339 char endbuffer[2]; 340 341 /* The XMS driver can't cope with an odd length, so handle the last byte 342 * specially if byte_count is odd. We don't expect this to be common. 343 */ 344 345 spec.length = byte_count & (~ 1L); 346 spec.src_handle = info->handle.xms_handle; 347 spec.src.offset = file_offset; 348 spec.dst_handle = 0; 349 spec.dst.ptr = buffer_address; 350 351 ctx.ds_si = (void far *) & spec; 352 ctx.ax = 0x0b00; /* EMB move */ 353 jxms_calldriver(xms_driver, (XMScontext far *) & ctx); 354 if (ctx.ax != 1) 355 ERREXIT(cinfo, JERR_XMS_READ); 356 357 if (ODD(byte_count)) { 358 read_xms_store(cinfo, info, (void FAR *) endbuffer, 359 file_offset + byte_count - 1L, 2L); 360 ((char FAR *) buffer_address)[byte_count - 1L] = endbuffer[0]; 361 } 362 } 363 364 365 METHODDEF(void) 366 write_xms_store (j_common_ptr cinfo, backing_store_ptr info, 367 void FAR * buffer_address, 368 long file_offset, long byte_count) 369 { 370 XMScontext ctx; 371 XMSspec spec; 372 char endbuffer[2]; 373 374 /* The XMS driver can't cope with an odd length, so handle the last byte 375 * specially if byte_count is odd. We don't expect this to be common. 376 */ 377 378 spec.length = byte_count & (~ 1L); 379 spec.src_handle = 0; 380 spec.src.ptr = buffer_address; 381 spec.dst_handle = info->handle.xms_handle; 382 spec.dst.offset = file_offset; 383 384 ctx.ds_si = (void far *) & spec; 385 ctx.ax = 0x0b00; /* EMB move */ 386 jxms_calldriver(xms_driver, (XMScontext far *) & ctx); 387 if (ctx.ax != 1) 388 ERREXIT(cinfo, JERR_XMS_WRITE); 389 390 if (ODD(byte_count)) { 391 read_xms_store(cinfo, info, (void FAR *) endbuffer, 392 file_offset + byte_count - 1L, 2L); 393 endbuffer[0] = ((char FAR *) buffer_address)[byte_count - 1L]; 394 write_xms_store(cinfo, info, (void FAR *) endbuffer, 395 file_offset + byte_count - 1L, 2L); 396 } 397 } 398 399 400 METHODDEF(void) 401 close_xms_store (j_common_ptr cinfo, backing_store_ptr info) 402 { 403 XMScontext ctx; 404 405 ctx.dx = info->handle.xms_handle; 406 ctx.ax = 0x0a00; 407 jxms_calldriver(xms_driver, (XMScontext far *) & ctx); 408 TRACEMS1(cinfo, 1, JTRC_XMS_CLOSE, info->handle.xms_handle); 409 /* we ignore any error return from the driver */ 410 } 411 412 413 LOCAL(boolean) 414 open_xms_store (j_common_ptr cinfo, backing_store_ptr info, 415 long total_bytes_needed) 416 { 417 XMScontext ctx; 418 419 /* Get address of XMS driver */ 420 jxms_getdriver((XMSDRIVER far *) & xms_driver); 421 if (xms_driver == NULL) 422 return FALSE; /* no driver to be had */ 423 424 /* Get version number, must be >= 2.00 */ 425 ctx.ax = 0x0000; 426 jxms_calldriver(xms_driver, (XMScontext far *) & ctx); 427 if (ctx.ax < (unsigned short) 0x0200) 428 return FALSE; 429 430 /* Try to get space (expressed in kilobytes) */ 431 ctx.dx = (unsigned short) ((total_bytes_needed + 1023L) >> 10); 432 ctx.ax = 0x0900; 433 jxms_calldriver(xms_driver, (XMScontext far *) & ctx); 434 if (ctx.ax != 1) 435 return FALSE; 436 437 /* Succeeded, save the handle and away we go */ 438 info->handle.xms_handle = ctx.dx; 439 info->read_backing_store = read_xms_store; 440 info->write_backing_store = write_xms_store; 441 info->close_backing_store = close_xms_store; 442 TRACEMS1(cinfo, 1, JTRC_XMS_OPEN, ctx.dx); 443 return TRUE; /* succeeded */ 444 } 445 446 #endif /* XMS_SUPPORTED */ 447 448 449 /* 450 * Access methods for expanded memory. 451 */ 452 453 #if EMS_SUPPORTED 454 455 /* The EMS move specification structure requires word and long fields aligned 456 * at odd byte boundaries. Some compilers will align struct fields at even 457 * byte boundaries. While it's usually possible to force byte alignment, 458 * that causes an overall performance penalty and may pose problems in merging 459 * JPEG into a larger application. Instead we accept some rather dirty code 460 * here. Note this code would fail if the hardware did not allow odd-byte 461 * word & long accesses, but all 80x86 CPUs do. 462 */ 463 464 typedef void far * EMSPTR; 465 466 typedef union { /* EMS move specification structure */ 467 long length; /* It's easy to access first 4 bytes */ 468 char bytes[18]; /* Misaligned fields in here! */ 469 } EMSspec; 470 471 /* Macros for accessing misaligned fields */ 472 #define FIELD_AT(spec,offset,type) (*((type *) &(spec.bytes[offset]))) 473 #define SRC_TYPE(spec) FIELD_AT(spec,4,char) 474 #define SRC_HANDLE(spec) FIELD_AT(spec,5,EMSH) 475 #define SRC_OFFSET(spec) FIELD_AT(spec,7,unsigned short) 476 #define SRC_PAGE(spec) FIELD_AT(spec,9,unsigned short) 477 #define SRC_PTR(spec) FIELD_AT(spec,7,EMSPTR) 478 #define DST_TYPE(spec) FIELD_AT(spec,11,char) 479 #define DST_HANDLE(spec) FIELD_AT(spec,12,EMSH) 480 #define DST_OFFSET(spec) FIELD_AT(spec,14,unsigned short) 481 #define DST_PAGE(spec) FIELD_AT(spec,16,unsigned short) 482 #define DST_PTR(spec) FIELD_AT(spec,14,EMSPTR) 483 484 #define EMSPAGESIZE 16384L /* gospel, see the EMS specs */ 485 486 #define HIBYTE(W) (((W) >> 8) & 0xFF) 487 #define LOBYTE(W) ((W) & 0xFF) 488 489 490 METHODDEF(void) 491 read_ems_store (j_common_ptr cinfo, backing_store_ptr info, 492 void FAR * buffer_address, 493 long file_offset, long byte_count) 494 { 495 EMScontext ctx; 496 EMSspec spec; 497 498 spec.length = byte_count; 499 SRC_TYPE(spec) = 1; 500 SRC_HANDLE(spec) = info->handle.ems_handle; 501 SRC_PAGE(spec) = (unsigned short) (file_offset / EMSPAGESIZE); 502 SRC_OFFSET(spec) = (unsigned short) (file_offset % EMSPAGESIZE); 503 DST_TYPE(spec) = 0; 504 DST_HANDLE(spec) = 0; 505 DST_PTR(spec) = buffer_address; 506 507 ctx.ds_si = (void far *) & spec; 508 ctx.ax = 0x5700; /* move memory region */ 509 jems_calldriver((EMScontext far *) & ctx); 510 if (HIBYTE(ctx.ax) != 0) 511 ERREXIT(cinfo, JERR_EMS_READ); 512 } 513 514 515 METHODDEF(void) 516 write_ems_store (j_common_ptr cinfo, backing_store_ptr info, 517 void FAR * buffer_address, 518 long file_offset, long byte_count) 519 { 520 EMScontext ctx; 521 EMSspec spec; 522 523 spec.length = byte_count; 524 SRC_TYPE(spec) = 0; 525 SRC_HANDLE(spec) = 0; 526 SRC_PTR(spec) = buffer_address; 527 DST_TYPE(spec) = 1; 528 DST_HANDLE(spec) = info->handle.ems_handle; 529 DST_PAGE(spec) = (unsigned short) (file_offset / EMSPAGESIZE); 530 DST_OFFSET(spec) = (unsigned short) (file_offset % EMSPAGESIZE); 531 532 ctx.ds_si = (void far *) & spec; 533 ctx.ax = 0x5700; /* move memory region */ 534 jems_calldriver((EMScontext far *) & ctx); 535 if (HIBYTE(ctx.ax) != 0) 536 ERREXIT(cinfo, JERR_EMS_WRITE); 537 } 538 539 540 METHODDEF(void) 541 close_ems_store (j_common_ptr cinfo, backing_store_ptr info) 542 { 543 EMScontext ctx; 544 545 ctx.ax = 0x4500; 546 ctx.dx = info->handle.ems_handle; 547 jems_calldriver((EMScontext far *) & ctx); 548 TRACEMS1(cinfo, 1, JTRC_EMS_CLOSE, info->handle.ems_handle); 549 /* we ignore any error return from the driver */ 550 } 551 552 553 LOCAL(boolean) 554 open_ems_store (j_common_ptr cinfo, backing_store_ptr info, 555 long total_bytes_needed) 556 { 557 EMScontext ctx; 558 559 /* Is EMS driver there? */ 560 if (! jems_available()) 561 return FALSE; 562 563 /* Get status, make sure EMS is OK */ 564 ctx.ax = 0x4000; 565 jems_calldriver((EMScontext far *) & ctx); 566 if (HIBYTE(ctx.ax) != 0) 567 return FALSE; 568 569 /* Get version, must be >= 4.0 */ 570 ctx.ax = 0x4600; 571 jems_calldriver((EMScontext far *) & ctx); 572 if (HIBYTE(ctx.ax) != 0 || LOBYTE(ctx.ax) < 0x40) 573 return FALSE; 574 575 /* Try to allocate requested space */ 576 ctx.ax = 0x4300; 577 ctx.bx = (unsigned short) ((total_bytes_needed + EMSPAGESIZE-1L) / EMSPAGESIZE); 578 jems_calldriver((EMScontext far *) & ctx); 579 if (HIBYTE(ctx.ax) != 0) 580 return FALSE; 581 582 /* Succeeded, save the handle and away we go */ 583 info->handle.ems_handle = ctx.dx; 584 info->read_backing_store = read_ems_store; 585 info->write_backing_store = write_ems_store; 586 info->close_backing_store = close_ems_store; 587 TRACEMS1(cinfo, 1, JTRC_EMS_OPEN, ctx.dx); 588 return TRUE; /* succeeded */ 589 } 590 591 #endif /* EMS_SUPPORTED */ 592 593 594 /* 595 * Initial opening of a backing-store object. 596 */ 597 598 GLOBAL(void) 599 jpeg_open_backing_store (j_common_ptr cinfo, backing_store_ptr info, 600 long total_bytes_needed) 601 { 602 /* Try extended memory, then expanded memory, then regular file. */ 603 #if XMS_SUPPORTED 604 if (open_xms_store(cinfo, info, total_bytes_needed)) 605 return; 606 #endif 607 #if EMS_SUPPORTED 608 if (open_ems_store(cinfo, info, total_bytes_needed)) 609 return; 610 #endif 611 if (open_file_store(cinfo, info, total_bytes_needed)) 612 return; 613 ERREXITS(cinfo, JERR_TFILE_CREATE, ""); 614 } 615 616 617 /* 618 * These routines take care of any system-dependent initialization and 619 * cleanup required. 620 */ 621 622 GLOBAL(long) 623 jpeg_mem_init (j_common_ptr cinfo) 624 { 625 next_file_num = 0; /* initialize temp file name generator */ 626 return DEFAULT_MAX_MEM; /* default for max_memory_to_use */ 627 } 628 629 GLOBAL(void) 630 jpeg_mem_term (j_common_ptr cinfo) 631 { 632 /* Microsoft C, at least in v6.00A, will not successfully reclaim freed 633 * blocks of size > 32Kbytes unless we give it a kick in the rear, like so: 634 */ 635 #ifdef NEED_FHEAPMIN 636 _fheapmin(); 637 #endif 638 } 639
