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      1 This is junit4.10 source, currently intended for host side use. 
      2 
      3 Obtained from https://github.com/downloads/KentBeck/junit/junit-4.10-src.jar
      4 
      5 

README.html

      1 <!doctype html public "-//w3c//dtd html 4.0 transitional//en">
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      3 <head>
      4    <meta http-equiv="Content-Type" content="text/html; charset=iso-8859-1">
      5    <meta name="GENERATOR" content="Microsoft FrontPage 4.0">
      6    <meta name="Author" content="Erich Gamma, Kent Beck, and David Saff">
      7    <title>JUnit 4.6</title>
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      9 <body>
     10 
     11 <h1>
     12 <b><font color="#00CC00">J</font><font color="#FF0000">U</font><font color="#000000">nit
     13 4.6</b></h1> 
     14 <br>Brought to you by <a href="http://www.threeriversinstitute.org">Kent Beck</a>, Erich 
     15 Gamma, and <a href="http://david.saff.net">David Saff</a>. 
     16 <br>FAQ edited by <a href="http://www.clarkware.com">Mike Clark</a>. Web mastering by Erik 
     17 Meade.
     18 <br>(see also <a href="http://www.junit.org">JUnit.org</a>)
     19 
     20 <hr WIDTH="100%">
     21 <br>6 April 2009
     22 <p>JUnit is a simple framework to write repeatable tests. It is an instance
     23 of the xUnit architecture for unit testing frameworks.
     24 <ul>
     25 <li>
     26 <a href="#Summary of">Summary of Changes</a></li>
     27 
     28 <li>
     29 <a href="#Contents">Contents</a></li>
     30 
     31 <li>
     32 <a href="#Installation">Installation</a></li>
     33 
     34 <li>
     35 <a href="#Getting">Getting Started</a></li>
     36 
     37 <li>
     38 <a href="#Documentation">Documentation</a></li>
     39 <li>
     40 <a href="#Known Defects">Known Defects</a></li>
     41 </ul>
     42 
     43 <a NAME="Summary of">
     44 <h2>Summary of Changes in version 4.6</h2>
     45 
     46 <h3>Max</h3>
     47 
     48 <p>JUnit now includes a new experimental Core, <code>MaxCore</code>.  <code>MaxCore</code>
     49 remembers the results of previous test runs in order to run new
     50 tests out of order.  <code>MaxCore</code> prefers new tests to old tests, fast
     51 tests to slow tests, and recently failing tests to tests that last
     52 failed long ago.  There's currently not a standard UI for running
     53 <code>MaxCore</code> included in JUnit, but there is a UI included in the JUnit
     54 Max Eclipse plug-in at:</p>
     55 
     56 <p>http://www.junitmax.com/junitmax/subscribe.html</p>
     57 
     58 <p>Example:</p>
     59 
     60 <pre><code>public static class TwoUnEqualTests {
     61     @Test
     62     public void slow() throws InterruptedException {
     63         Thread.sleep(100);
     64         fail();
     65     }
     66 
     67     @Test
     68     public void fast() {
     69         fail();
     70     }
     71 }
     72 
     73 @Test
     74 public void rememberOldRuns() {
     75     File maxFile = new File("history.max");
     76     MaxCore firstMax = MaxCore.storedLocally(maxFile);
     77     firstMax.run(TwoUnEqualTests.class);
     78 
     79     MaxCore useHistory= MaxCore.storedLocally(maxFile);
     80     List&lt;Failure&gt; failures= useHistory.run(TwoUnEqualTests.class)
     81             .getFailures();
     82     assertEquals("fast", failures.get(0).getDescription().getMethodName());
     83     assertEquals("slow", failures.get(1).getDescription().getMethodName());
     84 }
     85 </code></pre>
     86 
     87 <h3>Test scheduling strategies</h3>
     88 
     89 <p><code>JUnitCore</code> now includes an experimental method that allows you to
     90 specify a model of the <code>Computer</code> that runs your tests.  Currently,
     91 the only built-in Computers are the default, serial runner, and two
     92 runners provided in the <code>ParallelRunner</code> class:
     93 <code>ParallelRunner.classes()</code>, which runs classes in parallel, and
     94 <code>ParallelRunner.methods()</code>, which runs classes and methods in parallel.</p>
     95 
     96 <p>This feature is currently less stable than MaxCore, and may be
     97 merged with MaxCore in some way in the future.</p>
     98 
     99 <p>Example:</p>
    100 
    101 <pre><code>public static class Example {
    102     @Test public void one() throws InterruptedException {
    103         Thread.sleep(1000);
    104     }
    105     @Test public void two() throws InterruptedException {
    106         Thread.sleep(1000);
    107     }
    108 }
    109 
    110 @Test public void testsRunInParallel() {
    111     long start= System.currentTimeMillis();
    112     Result result= JUnitCore.runClasses(ParallelComputer.methods(),
    113             Example.class);
    114     assertTrue(result.wasSuccessful());
    115     long end= System.currentTimeMillis();
    116     assertThat(end - start, betweenInclusive(1000, 1500));
    117 }
    118 </code></pre>
    119 
    120 <h3>Comparing double arrays</h3>
    121 
    122 <p>Arrays of doubles can be compared, using a delta allowance for equality:</p>
    123 
    124 <pre><code>@Test
    125 public void doubleArraysAreEqual() {
    126     assertArrayEquals(new double[] {1.0, 2.0}, new double[] {1.0, 2.0}, 0.01);
    127 }
    128 </code></pre>
    129 
    130 <h3><code>Filter.matchDescription</code> API</h3>
    131 
    132 <p>Since 4.0, it has been possible to run a single method using the <code>Request.method</code> 
    133 API.  In 4.6, the filter that implements this is exposed as <code>Filter.matchDescription</code>.</p>
    134 
    135 <h3>Documentation</h3>
    136 
    137 <ul>
    138 <li><p>A couple classes and packages that once had empty javadoc have been
    139 doc'ed.</p></li>
    140 <li><p>Added how to run JUnit from the command line to the cookbook.</p></li>
    141 <li><p>junit-4.x.zip now contains build.xml</p></li>
    142 </ul>
    143 
    144 <h3>Bug fixes</h3>
    145 
    146 <ul>
    147 <li>Fixed overly permissive @DataPoint processing (2191102)</li>
    148 <li>Fixed bug in test counting after an ignored method (2106324)</li>
    149 </ul>
    150 
    151 <h2>Summary of Changes in version 4.5</h2>
    152 
    153 <h3>Installation</h3>
    154 
    155 <ul>
    156 <li>We are releasing <code>junit-4.6.jar</code>, which contains all the classes
    157 necessary to run JUnit, and <code>junit-dep-4.6.jar</code>, which leaves out
    158 hamcrest classes, for developers who already use hamcrest outside of
    159 JUnit.</li>
    160 </ul>
    161 
    162 <h3>Basic JUnit operation</h3>
    163 
    164 <ul>
    165 <li><p>JUnitCore now more often exits with the correct exit code (0 for
    166 success, 1 for failure)</p></li>
    167 <li><p>Badly formed test classes (exceptions in constructors, classes
    168 without tests, multiple constructors, Suite without @SuiteClasses)
    169 produce more helpful error messages</p></li>
    170 <li><p>Test classes whose only test methods are inherited from superclasses
    171 now run.</p></li>
    172 <li><p>Optimization to annotation processing can cut JUnit overhead by more than half
    173 on large test classes, especially when using Theories.  [Bug 1796847]</p></li>
    174 <li><p>A failing assumption in a constructor ignores the class</p></li>
    175 <li><p>Correct results when comparing the string "null" with potentially
    176 null values.  [Bug 1857283]</p></li>
    177 <li><p>Annotating a class with <code>@RunWith(JUnit4.class)</code> will always invoke the
    178 default JUnit 4 runner in the current version of JUnit.  This default changed
    179 from <code>JUnit4ClassRunner</code> in 4.4 to <code>BlockJUnit4ClassRunner</code> in 4.5 (see below),
    180 and may change again.</p></li>
    181 </ul>
    182 
    183 <h3>Extension</h3>
    184 
    185 <ul>
    186 <li><p><code>BlockJUnit4Runner</code> is a new implementation of the standard JUnit 4
    187 test class functionality.  In contrast to <code>JUnit4ClassRunner</code> (the old
    188 implementation):</p>
    189 
    190 <ul>
    191 <li><p><code>BlockJUnit4Runner</code> has a much simpler implementation based on
    192 Statements, allowing new operations to be inserted into the
    193 appropriate point in the execution flow.</p></li>
    194 <li><p><code>BlockJUnit4Runner</code> is published, and extension and reuse are
    195 encouraged, whereas <code>JUnit4ClassRunner</code> was in an internal package,
    196 and is now deprecated.</p></li>
    197 </ul></li>
    198 <li><p><code>ParentRunner</code> is a base class for runners that iterate over
    199 a list of "children", each an object representing a test or suite to run.
    200 <code>ParentRunner</code> provides filtering, sorting, <code>@BeforeClass</code>, <code>@AfterClass</code>,
    201 and method validation to subclasses.</p></li>
    202 <li><p><code>TestClass</code> wraps a class to be run, providing efficient, repeated access
    203 to all methods with a given annotation.</p></li>
    204 <li><p>The new <code>RunnerBuilder</code> API allows extending the behavior of
    205 Suite-like custom runners.</p></li>
    206 <li><p><code>AssumptionViolatedException.toString()</code> is more informative</p></li>
    207 </ul>
    208 
    209 <h3>Extra Runners</h3>
    210 
    211 <ul>
    212 <li><p><code>Parameterized.eachOne()</code> has been removed</p></li>
    213 <li><p>New runner <code>Enclosed</code> runs all static inner classes of an outer class.</p></li>
    214 </ul>
    215 
    216 <h3>Theories</h3>
    217 
    218 <ul>
    219 <li><p><code>@Before</code> and <code>@After</code> methods are run before and after each set of attempted parameters
    220 on a Theory, and each set of parameters is run on a new instance of the test class.</p></li>
    221 <li><p>Exposed API's <code>ParameterSignature.getType()</code> and <code>ParameterSignature.getAnnotations()</code></p></li>
    222 <li><p>An array of data points can be introduced by a field or method
    223 marked with the new annotation <code>@DataPoints</code></p></li>
    224 <li><p>The Theories custom runner has been refactored to make it faster and
    225 easier to extend</p></li>
    226 </ul>
    227 
    228 <h3>Development</h3>
    229 
    230 <ul>
    231 <li><p>Source has been split into directories <code>src/main/java</code> and
    232 <code>src/test/java</code>, making it easier to exclude tests from builds, and
    233 making JUnit more maven-friendly</p></li>
    234 <li><p>Test classes in <code>org.junit.tests</code> have been organized into
    235 subpackages, hopefully making finding tests easier.</p></li>
    236 <li><p><code>ResultMatchers</code> has more informative descriptions.</p></li>
    237 <li><p><code>TestSystem</code> allows testing return codes and other system-level interactions.</p></li>
    238 </ul>
    239 
    240 <h2>Summary of Changes in version 4.4</h2>
    241 
    242 <p>JUnit is designed to efficiently capture developers' intentions about
    243 their code, and quickly check their code matches those intentions.
    244 Over the last year, we've been talking about what things developers
    245 would like to say about their code that have been difficult in the
    246 past, and how we can make them easier.</p>
    247 
    248 <h3>assertThat</h3>
    249 
    250 <p>Two years ago, Joe Walnes built a <a href="http://joe.truemesh.com/blog/000511.html">new assertion mechanism</a> on top of what was 
    251 then <a href="http://www.jmock.org/download.html">JMock 1</a>.  The method name was <code>assertThat</code>, and the syntax looked like this:</p>
    252 
    253 <pre><code>assertThat(x, is(3));
    254 assertThat(x, is(not(4)));
    255 assertThat(responseString, either(containsString("color")).or(containsString("colour")));
    256 assertThat(myList, hasItem("3"));
    257 </code></pre>
    258 
    259 <p>More generally:</p>
    260 
    261 <pre><code>assertThat([value], [matcher statement]);
    262 </code></pre>
    263 
    264 <p>Advantages of this assertion syntax include:</p>
    265 
    266 <ul>
    267 <li><p>More readable and typeable: this syntax allows you to think in terms of subject, verb, object
    268 (assert "x is 3") rathern than <code>assertEquals</code>, which uses verb, object, subject (assert "equals 3 x")</p></li>
    269 <li><p>Combinations: any matcher statement <code>s</code> can be negated (<code>not(s)</code>), combined (<code>either(s).or(t)</code>),
    270 mapped to a collection (<code>each(s)</code>), or used in custom combinations (<code>afterFiveSeconds(s)</code>)</p></li>
    271 <li><p>Readable failure messages.  Compare</p>
    272 
    273 <pre><code>assertTrue(responseString.contains("color") || responseString.contains("colour"));
    274 // ==&gt; failure message: 
    275 // java.lang.AssertionError:
    276 
    277 
    278 assertThat(responseString, anyOf(containsString("color"), containsString("colour")));
    279 // ==&gt; failure message:
    280 // java.lang.AssertionError: 
    281 // Expected: (a string containing "color" or a string containing "colour")
    282 //      got: "Please choose a font"
    283 </code></pre></li>
    284 <li><p>Custom Matchers.  By implementing the <code>Matcher</code> interface yourself, you can get all of the
    285 above benefits for your own custom assertions.</p></li>
    286 <li><p>For a more thorough description of these points, see <a href="http://joe.truemesh.com/blog/000511.html">Joe Walnes's
    287 original post</a>.:</p></li>
    288 </ul>
    289 
    290 <p>We have decided to include this API directly in JUnit.
    291 It's an extensible and readable syntax, and because it enables
    292 new features, like <a href="#assumptions">assumptions</a> and <a href="#theories">theories</a>.</p>
    293 
    294 <p>Some notes:</p>
    295 
    296 <ul>
    297 <li>The old assert methods are never, ever, going away. <br />
    298 Developers may continue using the old <code>assertEquals</code>, <code>assertTrue</code>, and
    299 so on.</li>
    300 <li><p>The second parameter of an <code>assertThat</code> statement is a <code>Matcher</code>.
    301 We include the Matchers we want as static imports, like this:</p>
    302 
    303 <pre><code>import static org.hamcrest.CoreMatchers.is;
    304 </code></pre>
    305 
    306 <p>or:</p>
    307 
    308 <pre><code>import static org.hamcrest.CoreMatchers.*;
    309 </code></pre></li>
    310 <li><p>Manually importing <code>Matcher</code> methods can be frustrating.  [Eclipse
    311 3.3][] includes the ability to 
    312 define
    313 "Favorite" classes to import static methods from, which makes it easier 
    314 (Search for "Favorites" in the Preferences dialog).
    315 We expect that support for static imports will improve in all Java IDEs in the future.</p></li>
    316 <li><p>To allow compatibility with a wide variety of possible matchers, 
    317 we have decided to include the classes from hamcrest-core,
    318 from the <a href="http://code.google.com/p/hamcrest/">Hamcrest</a> project.  This is the first time that
    319 third-party classes have been included in JUnit.  </p></li>
    320 <li><p>To allow developers to maintain full control of the classpath contents, the JUnit distribution also provides an unbundled junit-dep jar,
    321 ie without hamcrest-core classes included.  This is intended for situations when using other libraries that also depend on hamcrest-core, to
    322 avoid classloading conflicts or issues.  Developers using junit-dep should ensure a compatible version of hamcrest-core jar (ie 1.1+) is present in the classpath.</p></li>
    323 <li><p>JUnit currently ships with a few matchers, defined in 
    324 <code>org.hamcrest.CoreMatchers</code> and <code>org.junit.matchers.JUnitMatchers</code>. <br />
    325 To use many, many more, consider downloading the <a href="http://hamcrest.googlecode.com/files/hamcrest-all-1.1.jar">full hamcrest package</a>.</p></li>
    326 <li><p>JUnit contains special support for comparing string and array
    327 values, giving specific information on how they differ.  This is not
    328 yet available using the <code>assertThat</code> syntax, but we hope to bring
    329 the two assert methods into closer alignment in future releases.</p></li>
    330 </ul>
    331 
    332 <h3>assumeThat</h3>
    333 
    334 <p><a name="assumptions" />
    335 Ideally, the developer writing a test has control of all of the forces that might cause a test to fail.
    336 If this isn't immediately possible, making dependencies explicit can often improve a design. <br />
    337 For example, if a test fails when run in a different locale than the developer intended,
    338 it can be fixed by explicitly passing a locale to the domain code.</p>
    339 
    340 <p>However, sometimes this is not desirable or possible. <br />
    341 It's good to be able to run a test against the code as it is currently written, 
    342 implicit assumptions and all, or to write a test that exposes a known bug.
    343 For these situations, JUnit now includes the ability to express "assumptions":</p>
    344 
    345 <pre><code>import static org.junit.Assume.*
    346 
    347 @Test public void filenameIncludesUsername() {
    348    assumeThat(File.separatorChar, is('/'));
    349    assertThat(new User("optimus").configFileName(), is("configfiles/optimus.cfg"));
    350 }
    351 
    352 @Test public void correctBehaviorWhenFilenameIsNull() {
    353    assumeTrue(bugFixed("13356"));  // bugFixed is not included in JUnit
    354    assertThat(parse(null), is(new NullDocument()));
    355 }
    356 </code></pre>
    357 
    358 <p>With this beta release, a failed assumption will lead to the test being marked as passing,
    359 regardless of what the code below the assumption may assert.
    360 In the future, this may change, and a failed assumption may lead to the test being ignored:
    361 however, third-party runners do not currently allow this option.</p>
    362 
    363 <p>We have included <code>assumeTrue</code> for convenience, but thanks to the
    364 inclusion of Hamcrest, we do not need to create <code>assumeEquals</code>,
    365 <code>assumeSame</code>, and other analogues to the <code>assert*</code> methods.  All of
    366 those functionalities are subsumed in assumeThat, with the appropriate
    367 matcher.</p>
    368 
    369 <p>A failing assumption in a <code>@Before</code> or <code>@BeforeClass</code> method will have the same effect
    370 as a failing assumption in each <code>@Test</code> method of the class.</p>
    371 
    372 <h3>Theories</h3>
    373 
    374 <p><a name="theories" />
    375 More flexible and expressive assertions, combined with the ability to
    376 state assumptions clearly, lead to a new kind of statement of intent, 
    377 which we call a "Theory".  A test captures the intended behavior in
    378 one particular scenario.  A theory allows a developer to be
    379 as precise as desired about the behavior of the code in possibly
    380 infinite numbers of possible scenarios.  For example:</p>
    381 
    382 <pre><code>@RunWith(Theories.class)
    383 public class UserTest {
    384   @DataPoint public static String GOOD_USERNAME = "optimus";
    385   @DataPoint public static String USERNAME_WITH_SLASH = "optimus/prime";
    386 
    387   @Theory public void filenameIncludesUsername(String username) {
    388     assumeThat(username, not(containsString("/")));
    389     assertThat(new User(username).configFileName(), containsString(username));
    390   }
    391 }
    392 </code></pre>
    393 
    394 <p>This makes it clear that the user's filename should be included in the
    395 config file name, only if it doesn't contain a slash.  Another test
    396 or theory might define what happens when a username does contain a slash.</p>
    397 
    398 <p><code>UserTest</code> will attempt to run <code>filenameIncludesUsername</code> on 
    399 every compatible <code>DataPoint</code> defined in the class.  If any of the
    400 assumptions fail, the data point is silently ignored.  If all of the
    401 assumptions pass, but an assertion fails, the test fails.</p>
    402 
    403 <p>The support for Theories has been absorbed from the <a href="http://popper.tigris.org">Popper</a>
    404 project, and <a href="http://popper.tigris.org/tutorial.html">more complete documentation</a> can be found
    405 there.</p>
    406 
    407 <p>Defining general statements in this way can jog the developer's memory
    408 about other potential data points and tests, also allows <a href="http://www.junitfactory.org">automated
    409 tools</a> to <a href="http://shareandenjoy.saff.net/2007/04/popper-and-junitfactory.html">search</a> for new, unexpected data
    410 points that expose bugs.</p>
    411 
    412 <h3>Other changes</h3>
    413 
    414 <p>This release contains other bug fixes and new features.  Among them:</p>
    415 
    416 <ul>
    417 <li><p>Annotated descriptions</p>
    418 
    419 <p>Runner UIs, Filters, and Sorters operate on Descriptions of test
    420 methods and test classes.  These Descriptions now include the
    421 annotations on the original Java source element, allowing for richer
    422 display of test results, and easier development of annotation-based
    423 filters.</p></li>
    424 <li><p>Bug fix (1715326): assertEquals now compares all Numbers using their
    425 native implementation of <code>equals</code>.  This assertion, which passed in
    426 4.3, will now fail:</p>
    427 
    428 <p>assertEquals(new Integer(1), new Long(1));</p>
    429 
    430 <p>Non-integer Numbers (Floats, Doubles, BigDecimals, etc),
    431 which were compared incorrectly in 4.3, are now fixed.</p></li>
    432 <li><p><code>assertEquals(long, long)</code> and <code>assertEquals(double, double)</code> have
    433 been re-introduced to the <code>Assert</code> class, to take advantage of
    434 Java's native widening conversions.  Therefore, this still passes:</p>
    435 
    436 <p>assertEquals(1, 1L);</p></li>
    437 <li><p>The default runner for JUnit 4 test classes has been refactored.
    438 The old version was named <code>TestClassRunner</code>, and the new is named
    439 <code>JUnit4ClassRunner</code>.  Likewise, <code>OldTestClassRunner</code> is now
    440 <code>JUnit3ClassRunner</code>.  The new design allows variations in running
    441 individual test classes to be expressed with fewer custom classes.
    442 For a good example, see the source to
    443 <code>org.junit.experimental.theories.Theories</code>.</p></li>
    444 <li><p>The rules for determining which runner is applied by default to a
    445 test class have been simplified:</p>
    446 
    447 <ol>
    448 <li><p>If the class has a <code>@RunWith</code> annotation, the annotated runner
    449 class is used.</p></li>
    450 <li><p>If the class can be run with the JUnit 3 test runner (it
    451 subclasses <code>TestCase</code>, or contains a <code>public static Test suite()</code>
    452 method), JUnit38ClassRunner is used.</p></li>
    453 <li><p>Otherwise, JUnit4ClassRunner is used.</p></li>
    454 </ol>
    455 
    456 <p>This default guess can always be overridden by an explicit
    457 <code>@RunWith(JUnit4ClassRunner.class)</code> or
    458 <code>@RunWith(JUnit38ClassRunner.class)</code> annotation.</p>
    459 
    460 <p>The old class names <code>TestClassRunner</code> and <code>OldTestClassRunner</code>
    461 remain as deprecated.</p></li>
    462 <li><p>Bug fix (1739095): Filters and Sorters work correctly on test
    463 classes that contain a <code>suite</code> method like:</p>
    464 
    465 <p>public static junit.framework.Test suite() {
    466   return new JUnit4TestAdapter(MyTest.class);
    467 }</p></li>
    468 <li><p>Bug fix (1745048): @After methods are now correctly called 
    469 after a test method times out.</p></li>
    470 </ul>
    471 
    472 <h2>
    473 <a NAME="Summary of"></a>Summary of Changes in version 4.3.1</h2>
    474 <p>
    475 <ul>
    476 <li>Bug fix: 4.3 introduced a 
    477 <a href="https://sourceforge.net/tracker/?func=detail&atid=115278&aid=1684562&group_id=15278">bug</a>
    478 that caused a NullPointerException
    479 when comparing a null reference to a non-null reference in <tt>assertEquals</tt>.
    480 This has been fixed.
    481 <li>Bug fix: The binary jar for 4.3 <a href="https://sourceforge.net/tracker/?func=detail&atid=115278&aid=1686931&group_id=15278">accidentally</a> included the tests and sample code,
    482 which are now removed for a smaller download, but, as always, available from the
    483 full zip.
    484 </ul>
    485 </p>
    486 
    487 <h2>
    488 <a NAME="Summary of"></a>Summary of Changes with version 4.3</h2>
    489 <p>
    490 <ul>
    491 <li>Changes in array equality.  Using <tt>assertEquals</tt> to compare array contents is now deprecated.
    492 In the future, <tt>assertEquals</tt> will revert to its pre-4.0 meaning of comparing objects based on
    493 Java's <tt>Object.equals</tt> semantics.  To compare array contents, use the new, more reliable 
    494 <tt>Assert.assertArrayEquals</tt> methods.
    495 <li>The <tt>@Ignore</tt> annotation can now be applied to classes, to ignore the entire class, instead of
    496 individual methods.
    497 <li>Originally, developers who wanted to use a static <tt>suite()</tt> method from JUnit 3.x with a JUnit 4.x
    498 runner had to annotate the class with <tt>@RunWith(AllTests.class)</tt>.  In the common case, this requirement
    499 has been removed.  However, when such a class is wrapped with a JUnit4TestAdapter (which we believe is rare), the
    500 results may not be as expected.
    501 <li>Improved error messages for array comparison("arrays first differed at element [1][0]")
    502 <li>Bug fix: Inaccessible base class is caught at test construction time.
    503 <li>Bug fix: Circular suites are caught at test construction time.
    504 <li>Bug fix: Test constructors that throw exceptions are reported correctly.
    505 <li><b>For committers and extenders</b>
    506 <ul>
    507 <li>Sources now are in a separate "src" directory (this means a big break in the CVS history)
    508 <li>Improved documentation in <tt>Request</tt>, <tt>RunWith</tt>
    509 </ul>
    510 </ul>
    511 </p>
    512 
    513 <h2>
    514 <a NAME="Summary of"></a>Summary of Changes with version 4.2</h2>
    515 <p>
    516 <ul>
    517 <li>Bug fix: Inaccessible base class is caught at test construction time.
    518 <li>Bug fix: Circular suites are caught at test construction time.
    519 <li>Improved error messages for array comparison("arrays first differed at element [1][0]")
    520 <li>Test constructors that throw exceptions are reported correctly.
    521 </ul>
    522 </p>
    523 
    524 
    525 <h2>
    526 <a NAME="Summary of"></a>Summary of Changes with version 4.1</h2>
    527 <p>
    528 <ul>
    529 <li>Bug fix: listeners now get a correct test running time, rather than always being told 0 secs.
    530 <li>The @RunWith annotation is now inherited by subclasses: 
    531 all subclasses of an abstract test class will be run by the same runner.
    532 <li>The build script fails if the JUnit unit tests fail
    533 <li>The faq has been updated
    534 <li>Javadoc has been improved, with more internal links, and package descriptions added (Thanks, Matthias Schmidt!)
    535 <li>An acknowledgements.txt file has been created to credit outside contributions
    536 <li>The <tt>Enclosed</tt> runner, which runs all of the static inner classes of a given class, has been added
    537 to <tt>org.junit.runners</tt>.
    538 </ul>
    539 </p>
    540 
    541 <h2>Summary of Changes with version 4.0</h2>
    542 <p>
    543 The architecture of JUnit 4.0 is a substantial departure from that of earlier releases. 
    544 Instead of 
    545 tagging test classes by subclassing junit.framework.TestCase and tagging test methods by 
    546 starting their name with "test", you now tag test methods with the @Test annotation.
    547 </p>
    548 
    549 
    550 <h2>
    551 <a NAME="Contents"></a>Contents of the Release</h2>
    552 
    553 <table CELLSPACING=0 CELLPADDING=0 >
    554 <tr>
    555 <td><tt>README.html&nbsp;</tt></td>
    556 
    557 <td>this file</td>
    558 </tr>
    559 
    560 <tr>
    561 <td><tt>junit-4.6.jar</tt></td>
    562 
    563 <td>a jar file with the JUnit framework, bundled with the hamcrest-core-1.1 dependency.</td>
    564 </tr>
    565 
    566 <tr>
    567 <td><tt>junit-dep-4.6.jar</tt></td>
    568 
    569 <td>a jar file with the JUnit framework, unbundled from any external dependencies.  
    570 Choosing to use this jar developers will need to also provide in the classpath a compatible version of external dependencies (ie hamcrest-core-1.1+)</td>
    571 </tr>
    572 
    573 <tr>
    574 <td><tt>junit-4.6-src.jar</tt></td>
    575 
    576 <td>a jar file with the source code of the JUnit framework</td>
    577 </tr>
    578 
    579 <tr>
    580 <td><tt>org/junit</tt></td>
    581 
    582 <td>the source code of the basic JUnit annotations and classes</td>
    583 </tr>
    584 
    585 <tr>
    586 <td><tt>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; samples</tt></td>
    587 
    588 <td>sample test cases</td>
    589 </tr>
    590 
    591 <tr>
    592 <td><tt>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; tests</tt></td>
    593 
    594 <td>test cases for JUnit itself</td>
    595 </tr>
    596 
    597 <tr>
    598 <td><tt>javadoc</tt></td>
    599 
    600 <td>javadoc generated documentation</td>
    601 </tr>
    602 
    603 <tr>
    604 <td><tt>doc</tt></td>
    605 
    606 <td>documentation and articles</td>
    607 </tr>
    608 </table>
    609 
    610 <h2>
    611 <a NAME="Installation"></a>Installation</h2>
    612 Below are the installation steps for installing JUnit:
    613 <ol>
    614 <li>
    615 unzip the junit4.6.zip file</li>
    616 
    617 <li>
    618 add<i> </i><b>junit-4.6.jar</b> to the CLASSPATH. For example: 
    619 <tt> set classpath=%classpath%;INSTALL_DIR\junit-4.6.jar;INSTALL_DIR</tt></li>
    620 
    621 <li>
    622 test the installation by running <tt>java org.junit.runner.JUnitCore org.junit.tests.AllTests</tt></li>
    623 
    624 <br><b><font color="#FF0000">Notice</font></b>: that the tests are not
    625 contained in the junit-4.6.jar but in the installation directory directly.
    626 Therefore make sure that the installation directory is on the class path
    627 </ol>
    628 <b><font color="#FF0000">Important</font></b>: don't install junit-4.6.jar
    629 into the extension directory of your JDK installation. If you do so the
    630 test class on the files system will not be found.
    631 <h2>
    632 <a NAME="Getting"></a>Getting Started</h2>
    633 To get started with unit testing and JUnit read the article:
    634 <a href="doc/cookbook/cookbook.htm">JUnit Cookbook</a>.
    635 <br>This article describes basic test writing using JUnit 4.
    636 <p>You find additional samples in the org.junit.samples package:
    637 <ul>
    638 <li>
    639 SimpleTest.java - some simple test cases</li>
    640 
    641 <li>
    642 VectorTest.java - test cases for java.util.Vector</li>
    643 </ul>
    644 
    645 <h2>
    646 <a NAME="Documentation"></a>Documentation</h2>
    647 
    648 <blockquote><a href="doc/cookbook/cookbook.htm">JUnit Cookbook</a>
    649 <br>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; A cookbook for implementing tests with JUnit.
    650 <br><a href="javadoc/index.html">Javadoc</a>
    651 <br>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; API documentation generated with javadoc.
    652 <br><a href="doc/faq/faq.htm">Frequently asked questions</a>
    653 <br>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; Some frequently asked questions about using JUnit.
    654 <br><a href="cpl-v10.html">License</a>
    655 <br>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; The terms of the common public license used for JUnit.<br>
    656 </blockquote>
    657 The following documents still describe JUnit 3.8.
    658 <blockquote>
    659 <br><a href="doc/testinfected/testing.htm">Test Infected - Programmers
    660 Love Writing Tests</a>
    661 <br>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; An article demonstrating the development process
    662 with JUnit.
    663 <br><a href="doc/cookstour/cookstour.htm">JUnit - A cooks tour</a>
    664 </blockquote>
    665 
    666 <hr WIDTH="100%">
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