src/base/atomicops-internals-windows.h

/* Copyright (c) 2006, Google Inc.
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 * modification, are permitted provided that the following conditions are
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 *
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 * notice, this list of conditions and the following disclaimer.
 *     * Redistributions in binary form must reproduce the above
 * copyright notice, this list of conditions and the following disclaimer
 * in the documentation and/or other materials provided with the
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 * this software without specific prior written permission.
 *
 * THIS SOFTWARE IS PROVIDED BY THE COPYRIGHT HOLDERS AND CONTRIBUTORS
 * "AS IS" AND ANY EXPRESS OR IMPLIED WARRANTIES, INCLUDING, BUT NOT
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 * OWNER OR CONTRIBUTORS BE LIABLE FOR ANY DIRECT, INDIRECT, INCIDENTAL,
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 * LIMITED TO, PROCUREMENT OF SUBSTITUTE GOODS OR SERVICES; LOSS OF USE,
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 *
 * ---
 * Author: Sanjay Ghemawat
 */

// Implementation of atomic operations using Windows API
// functions.  This file should not be included directly.  Clients
// should instead include "base/atomicops.h".

#ifndef BASE_ATOMICOPS_INTERNALS_WINDOWS_H_
#define BASE_ATOMICOPS_INTERNALS_WINDOWS_H_

#include <stdio.h>
#include <stdlib.h>
#include "base/abort.h"
#include "base/basictypes.h"  // For COMPILE_ASSERT

typedef int32 Atomic32;

#if defined(_WIN64)
#define BASE_HAS_ATOMIC64 1  // Use only in tests and base/atomic*
#endif

namespace base {
namespace subtle {

typedef int64 Atomic64;

// 32-bit low-level operations on any platform

extern "C" {
// We use windows intrinsics when we can (they seem to be supported
// well on MSVC 8.0 and above).  Unfortunately, in some
// environments, <windows.h> and <intrin.h> have conflicting
// declarations of some other intrinsics, breaking compilation:
//   http://connect.microsoft.com/VisualStudio/feedback/details/262047
// Therefore, we simply declare the relevant intrinsics ourself.

// MinGW has a bug in the header files where it doesn't indicate the
// first argument is volatile -- they're not up to date.  See
//   http://readlist.com/lists/lists.sourceforge.net/mingw-users/0/3861.html
// We have to const_cast away the volatile to avoid compiler warnings.
// TODO(csilvers): remove this once MinGW has updated MinGW/include/winbase.h
#if defined(__MINGW32__)
inline LONG FastInterlockedCompareExchange(volatile LONG* ptr,
                                           LONG newval, LONG oldval) {
  return ::InterlockedCompareExchange(const_cast<LONG*>(ptr), newval, oldval);
}
inline LONG FastInterlockedExchange(volatile LONG* ptr, LONG newval) {
  return ::InterlockedExchange(const_cast<LONG*>(ptr), newval);
}
inline LONG FastInterlockedExchangeAdd(volatile LONG* ptr, LONG increment) {
  return ::InterlockedExchangeAdd(const_cast<LONG*>(ptr), increment);
}

#elif _MSC_VER >= 1400   // intrinsics didn't work so well before MSVC 8.0
// Unfortunately, in some environments, <windows.h> and <intrin.h>
// have conflicting declarations of some intrinsics, breaking
// compilation.  So we declare the intrinsics we need ourselves.  See
//   http://connect.microsoft.com/VisualStudio/feedback/details/262047
LONG _InterlockedCompareExchange(volatile LONG* ptr, LONG newval, LONG oldval);
#pragma intrinsic(_InterlockedCompareExchange)
inline LONG FastInterlockedCompareExchange(volatile LONG* ptr,
                                           LONG newval, LONG oldval) {
  return _InterlockedCompareExchange(ptr, newval, oldval);
}

LONG _InterlockedExchange(volatile LONG* ptr, LONG newval);
#pragma intrinsic(_InterlockedExchange)
inline LONG FastInterlockedExchange(volatile LONG* ptr, LONG newval) {
  return _InterlockedExchange(ptr, newval);
}

LONG _InterlockedExchangeAdd(volatile LONG* ptr, LONG increment);
#pragma intrinsic(_InterlockedExchangeAdd)
inline LONG FastInterlockedExchangeAdd(volatile LONG* ptr, LONG increment) {
  return _InterlockedExchangeAdd(ptr, increment);
}

#else
inline LONG FastInterlockedCompareExchange(volatile LONG* ptr,
                                           LONG newval, LONG oldval) {
  return ::InterlockedCompareExchange(ptr, newval, oldval);
}
inline LONG FastInterlockedExchange(volatile LONG* ptr, LONG newval) {
  return ::InterlockedExchange(ptr, newval);
}
inline LONG FastInterlockedExchangeAdd(volatile LONG* ptr, LONG increment) {
  return ::InterlockedExchangeAdd(ptr, increment);
}

#endif  // ifdef __MINGW32__
}  // extern "C"

inline Atomic32 NoBarrier_CompareAndSwap(volatile Atomic32* ptr,
                                         Atomic32 old_value,
                                         Atomic32 new_value) {
  LONG result = FastInterlockedCompareExchange(
      reinterpret_cast<volatile LONG*>(ptr),
      static_cast<LONG>(new_value),
      static_cast<LONG>(old_value));
  return static_cast<Atomic32>(result);
}

inline Atomic32 NoBarrier_AtomicExchange(volatile Atomic32* ptr,
                                         Atomic32 new_value) {
  LONG result = FastInterlockedExchange(
      reinterpret_cast<volatile LONG*>(ptr),
      static_cast<LONG>(new_value));
  return static_cast<Atomic32>(result);
}

inline Atomic32 Barrier_AtomicIncrement(volatile Atomic32* ptr,
                                        Atomic32 increment) {
  return FastInterlockedExchangeAdd(
      reinterpret_cast<volatile LONG*>(ptr),
      static_cast<LONG>(increment)) + increment;
}

inline Atomic32 NoBarrier_AtomicIncrement(volatile Atomic32* ptr,
                                          Atomic32 increment) {
  return Barrier_AtomicIncrement(ptr, increment);
}

}  // namespace base::subtle
}  // namespace base


// In msvc8/vs2005, winnt.h already contains a definition for
// MemoryBarrier in the global namespace.  Add it there for earlier
// versions and forward to it from within the namespace.
#if !(defined(_MSC_VER) && _MSC_VER >= 1400)
inline void MemoryBarrier() {
  Atomic32 value = 0;
  base::subtle::NoBarrier_AtomicExchange(&value, 0);
                        // actually acts as a barrier in thisd implementation
}
#endif

namespace base {
namespace subtle {

inline void MemoryBarrier() {
  ::MemoryBarrier();
}

inline Atomic32 Acquire_CompareAndSwap(volatile Atomic32* ptr,
                                       Atomic32 old_value,
                                       Atomic32 new_value) {
  return NoBarrier_CompareAndSwap(ptr, old_value, new_value);
}

inline Atomic32 Release_CompareAndSwap(volatile Atomic32* ptr,
                                       Atomic32 old_value,
                                       Atomic32 new_value) {
  return NoBarrier_CompareAndSwap(ptr, old_value, new_value);
}

inline void NoBarrier_Store(volatile Atomic32* ptr, Atomic32 value) {
  *ptr = value;
}

inline void Acquire_Store(volatile Atomic32* ptr, Atomic32 value) {
  NoBarrier_AtomicExchange(ptr, value);
              // acts as a barrier in this implementation
}

inline void Release_Store(volatile Atomic32* ptr, Atomic32 value) {
  *ptr = value; // works w/o barrier for current Intel chips as of June 2005
  // See comments in Atomic64 version of Release_Store() below.
}

inline Atomic32 NoBarrier_Load(volatile const Atomic32* ptr) {
  return *ptr;
}

inline Atomic32 Acquire_Load(volatile const Atomic32* ptr) {
  Atomic32 value = *ptr;
  return value;
}

inline Atomic32 Release_Load(volatile const Atomic32* ptr) {
  MemoryBarrier();
  return *ptr;
}

// 64-bit operations

#if defined(_WIN64) || defined(__MINGW64__)

// 64-bit low-level operations on 64-bit platform.

COMPILE_ASSERT(sizeof(Atomic64) == sizeof(PVOID), atomic_word_is_atomic);

// These are the intrinsics needed for 64-bit operations.  Similar to the
// 32-bit case above.

extern "C" {
#if defined(__MINGW64__)
inline PVOID FastInterlockedCompareExchangePointer(volatile PVOID* ptr,
                                                   PVOID newval, PVOID oldval) {
  return ::InterlockedCompareExchangePointer(const_cast<PVOID*>(ptr),
                                             newval, oldval);
}
inline PVOID FastInterlockedExchangePointer(volatile PVOID* ptr, PVOID newval) {
  return ::InterlockedExchangePointer(const_cast<PVOID*>(ptr), newval);
}
inline LONGLONG FastInterlockedExchangeAdd64(volatile LONGLONG* ptr,
                                             LONGLONG increment) {
  return ::InterlockedExchangeAdd64(const_cast<LONGLONG*>(ptr), increment);
}

#elif _MSC_VER >= 1400   // intrinsics didn't work so well before MSVC 8.0
// Like above, we need to declare the intrinsics ourselves.
PVOID _InterlockedCompareExchangePointer(volatile PVOID* ptr,
                                         PVOID newval, PVOID oldval);
#pragma intrinsic(_InterlockedCompareExchangePointer)
inline PVOID FastInterlockedCompareExchangePointer(volatile PVOID* ptr,
                                                   PVOID newval, PVOID oldval) {
  return _InterlockedCompareExchangePointer(const_cast<PVOID*>(ptr),
                                            newval, oldval);
}

PVOID _InterlockedExchangePointer(volatile PVOID* ptr, PVOID newval);
#pragma intrinsic(_InterlockedExchangePointer)
inline PVOID FastInterlockedExchangePointer(volatile PVOID* ptr, PVOID newval) {
  return _InterlockedExchangePointer(const_cast<PVOID*>(ptr), newval);
}

LONGLONG _InterlockedExchangeAdd64(volatile LONGLONG* ptr, LONGLONG increment);
#pragma intrinsic(_InterlockedExchangeAdd64)
inline LONGLONG FastInterlockedExchangeAdd64(volatile LONGLONG* ptr,
                                             LONGLONG increment) {
  return _InterlockedExchangeAdd64(const_cast<LONGLONG*>(ptr), increment);
}

#else
inline PVOID FastInterlockedCompareExchangePointer(volatile PVOID* ptr,
                                                   PVOID newval, PVOID oldval) {
  return ::InterlockedCompareExchangePointer(ptr, newval, oldval);
}
inline PVOID FastInterlockedExchangePointer(volatile PVOID* ptr, PVOID newval) {
  return ::InterlockedExchangePointer(ptr, newval);
}
inline LONGLONG FastInterlockedExchangeAdd64(volatile LONGLONG* ptr,
                                         LONGLONG increment) {
  return ::InterlockedExchangeAdd64(ptr, increment);
}

#endif  // ifdef __MINGW64__
}  // extern "C"

inline Atomic64 NoBarrier_CompareAndSwap(volatile Atomic64* ptr,
                                         Atomic64 old_value,
                                         Atomic64 new_value) {
  PVOID result = FastInterlockedCompareExchangePointer(
    reinterpret_cast<volatile PVOID*>(ptr),
    reinterpret_cast<PVOID>(new_value), reinterpret_cast<PVOID>(old_value));
  return reinterpret_cast<Atomic64>(result);
}

inline Atomic64 NoBarrier_AtomicExchange(volatile Atomic64* ptr,
                                         Atomic64 new_value) {
  PVOID result = FastInterlockedExchangePointer(
    reinterpret_cast<volatile PVOID*>(ptr),
    reinterpret_cast<PVOID>(new_value));
  return reinterpret_cast<Atomic64>(result);
}

inline Atomic64 Barrier_AtomicIncrement(volatile Atomic64* ptr,
                                        Atomic64 increment) {
  return FastInterlockedExchangeAdd64(
      reinterpret_cast<volatile LONGLONG*>(ptr),
      static_cast<LONGLONG>(increment)) + increment;
}

inline Atomic64 NoBarrier_AtomicIncrement(volatile Atomic64* ptr,
                                          Atomic64 increment) {
  return Barrier_AtomicIncrement(ptr, increment);
}

inline void NoBarrier_Store(volatile Atomic64* ptr, Atomic64 value) {
  *ptr = value;
}

inline void Acquire_Store(volatile Atomic64* ptr, Atomic64 value) {
  NoBarrier_AtomicExchange(ptr, value);
              // acts as a barrier in this implementation
}

inline void Release_Store(volatile Atomic64* ptr, Atomic64 value) {
  *ptr = value; // works w/o barrier for current Intel chips as of June 2005

  // When new chips come out, check:
  //  IA-32 Intel Architecture Software Developer's Manual, Volume 3:
  //  System Programming Guide, Chatper 7: Multiple-processor management,
  //  Section 7.2, Memory Ordering.
  // Last seen at:
  //   http://developer.intel.com/design/pentium4/manuals/index_new.htm
}

inline Atomic64 NoBarrier_Load(volatile const Atomic64* ptr) {
  return *ptr;
}

inline Atomic64 Acquire_Load(volatile const Atomic64* ptr) {
  Atomic64 value = *ptr;
  return value;
}

inline Atomic64 Release_Load(volatile const Atomic64* ptr) {
  MemoryBarrier();
  return *ptr;
}

#else  // defined(_WIN64) || defined(__MINGW64__)

// 64-bit low-level operations on 32-bit platform

// TODO(vchen): The GNU assembly below must be converted to MSVC inline
// assembly.  Then the file should be renamed to ...-x86-msvc.h, probably.

inline void NotImplementedFatalError(const char *function_name) {
  fprintf(stderr, "64-bit %s() not implemented on this platform\n",
          function_name);
  tcmalloc::Abort();
}

inline Atomic64 NoBarrier_CompareAndSwap(volatile Atomic64* ptr,
                                         Atomic64 old_value,
                                         Atomic64 new_value) {
#if 0 // Not implemented
  Atomic64 prev;
  __asm__ __volatile__("movl (%3), %%ebx\n\t"    // Move 64-bit new_value into
                       "movl 4(%3), %%ecx\n\t"   // ecx:ebx
                       "lock; cmpxchg8b %1\n\t"  // If edx:eax (old_value) same
                       : "=A" (prev)             // as contents of ptr:
                       : "m" (*ptr),             //   ecx:ebx => ptr
                         "0" (old_value),        // else:
                         "r" (&new_value)        //   old *ptr => edx:eax
                       : "memory", "%ebx", "%ecx");
  return prev;
#else
  NotImplementedFatalError("NoBarrier_CompareAndSwap");
  return 0;
#endif
}

inline Atomic64 NoBarrier_AtomicExchange(volatile Atomic64* ptr,
                                         Atomic64 new_value) {
#if 0 // Not implemented
  __asm__ __volatile__(
                       "movl (%2), %%ebx\n\t"    // Move 64-bit new_value into
                       "movl 4(%2), %%ecx\n\t"   // ecx:ebx
                       "0:\n\t"
                       "movl %1, %%eax\n\t"      // Read contents of ptr into
                       "movl 4%1, %%edx\n\t"     // edx:eax
                       "lock; cmpxchg8b %1\n\t"  // Attempt cmpxchg; if *ptr
                       "jnz 0b\n\t"              // is no longer edx:eax, loop
                       : "=A" (new_value)
                       : "m" (*ptr),
                         "r" (&new_value)
                       : "memory", "%ebx", "%ecx");
  return new_value;  // Now it's the previous value.
#else
  NotImplementedFatalError("NoBarrier_AtomicExchange");
  return 0;
#endif
}

inline Atomic64 NoBarrier_AtomicIncrement(volatile Atomic64* ptr,
                                          Atomic64 increment) {
#if 0 // Not implemented
  Atomic64 temp = increment;
  __asm__ __volatile__(
                       "0:\n\t"
                       "movl (%3), %%ebx\n\t"    // Move 64-bit increment into
                       "movl 4(%3), %%ecx\n\t"   // ecx:ebx
                       "movl (%2), %%eax\n\t"    // Read contents of ptr into
                       "movl 4(%2), %%edx\n\t"   // edx:eax
                       "add %%eax, %%ebx\n\t"    // sum => ecx:ebx
                       "adc %%edx, %%ecx\n\t"    // edx:eax still has old *ptr
                       "lock; cmpxchg8b (%2)\n\t"// Attempt cmpxchg; if *ptr
                       "jnz 0b\n\t"              // is no longer edx:eax, loop
                       : "=A"(temp), "+m"(*ptr)
                       : "D" (ptr), "S" (&increment)
                       : "memory", "%ebx", "%ecx");
  // temp now contains the previous value of *ptr
  return temp + increment;
#else
  NotImplementedFatalError("NoBarrier_AtomicIncrement");
  return 0;
#endif
}

inline Atomic64 Barrier_AtomicIncrement(volatile Atomic64* ptr,
                                        Atomic64 increment) {
#if 0 // Not implemented
  Atomic64 new_val = NoBarrier_AtomicIncrement(ptr, increment);
  if (AtomicOps_Internalx86CPUFeatures.has_amd_lock_mb_bug) {
    __asm__ __volatile__("lfence" : : : "memory");
  }
  return new_val;
#else
  NotImplementedFatalError("Barrier_AtomicIncrement");
  return 0;
#endif
}

inline void NoBarrier_Store(volatile Atomic64* ptr, Atomic64 value) {
#if 0 // Not implemented
  __asm {
    mov mm0, value;  // Use mmx reg for 64-bit atomic moves
    mov ptr, mm0;
    emms;            // Empty mmx state to enable FP registers
  }
#else
  NotImplementedFatalError("NoBarrier_Store");
#endif
}

inline void Acquire_Store(volatile Atomic64* ptr, Atomic64 value) {
  NoBarrier_AtomicExchange(ptr, value);
              // acts as a barrier in this implementation
}

inline void Release_Store(volatile Atomic64* ptr, Atomic64 value) {
  NoBarrier_Store(ptr, value);
}

inline Atomic64 NoBarrier_Load(volatile const Atomic64* ptr) {
#if 0 // Not implemented
  Atomic64 value;
  __asm {
    mov mm0, ptr;    // Use mmx reg for 64-bit atomic moves
    mov value, mm0;
    emms;            // Empty mmx state to enable FP registers
  }
  return value;
#else
  NotImplementedFatalError("NoBarrier_Store");
  return 0;
#endif
}

inline Atomic64 Acquire_Load(volatile const Atomic64* ptr) {
  Atomic64 value = NoBarrier_Load(ptr);
  return value;
}

inline Atomic64 Release_Load(volatile const Atomic64* ptr) {
  MemoryBarrier();
  return NoBarrier_Load(ptr);
}

#endif  // defined(_WIN64) || defined(__MINGW64__)


inline Atomic64 Acquire_CompareAndSwap(volatile Atomic64* ptr,
                                       Atomic64 old_value,
                                       Atomic64 new_value) {
  return NoBarrier_CompareAndSwap(ptr, old_value, new_value);
}

inline Atomic64 Release_CompareAndSwap(volatile Atomic64* ptr,
                                       Atomic64 old_value,
                                       Atomic64 new_value) {
  return NoBarrier_CompareAndSwap(ptr, old_value, new_value);
}

}  // namespace base::subtle
}  // namespace base

#endif  // BASE_ATOMICOPS_INTERNALS_WINDOWS_H_