1 /* 2 * filefrag.c -- report if a particular file is fragmented 3 * 4 * Copyright 2003 by Theodore Ts'o. 5 * 6 * %Begin-Header% 7 * This file may be redistributed under the terms of the GNU Public 8 * License. 9 * %End-Header% 10 */ 11 12 #ifndef __linux__ 13 #include <stdio.h> 14 #include <stdlib.h> 15 #include <unistd.h> 16 17 int main(void) { 18 fputs("This program is only supported on Linux!\n", stderr); 19 exit(EXIT_FAILURE); 20 } 21 #else 22 #define _LARGEFILE64_SOURCE 23 24 #include <stdio.h> 25 #include <stdlib.h> 26 #include <unistd.h> 27 #include <string.h> 28 #include <time.h> 29 #include <fcntl.h> 30 #include <errno.h> 31 #ifdef HAVE_GETOPT_H 32 #include <getopt.h> 33 #else 34 extern char *optarg; 35 extern int optind; 36 #endif 37 #include <sys/types.h> 38 #include <sys/stat.h> 39 #include <sys/vfs.h> 40 #include <sys/ioctl.h> 41 #include <linux/fd.h> 42 #include <ext2fs/ext2_types.h> 43 #include <ext2fs/fiemap.h> 44 45 int verbose = 0; 46 int no_bs = 0; /* Don't use the files blocksize, use 1K blocksize */ 47 int sync_file = 0; /* fsync file before getting the mapping */ 48 int xattr_map = 0; /* get xattr mapping */ 49 int force_bmap = 0; 50 int logical_width = 12; 51 int physical_width = 14; 52 unsigned long long filesize; 53 54 #define FILEFRAG_FIEMAP_FLAGS_COMPAT (FIEMAP_FLAG_SYNC | FIEMAP_FLAG_XATTR) 55 56 #define FIBMAP _IO(0x00, 1) /* bmap access */ 57 #define FIGETBSZ _IO(0x00, 2) /* get the block size used for bmap */ 58 #define FS_IOC_FIEMAP _IOWR('f', 11, struct fiemap) 59 60 #define EXT4_EXTENTS_FL 0x00080000 /* Inode uses extents */ 61 #define EXT3_IOC_GETFLAGS _IOR('f', 1, long) 62 63 static int int_log2(int arg) 64 { 65 int l = 0; 66 67 arg >>= 1; 68 while (arg) { 69 l++; 70 arg >>= 1; 71 } 72 return l; 73 } 74 75 static int int_log10(unsigned long long arg) 76 { 77 int l = 0; 78 79 arg = arg / 10; 80 while (arg) { 81 l++; 82 arg = arg / 10; 83 } 84 return l; 85 } 86 87 static unsigned int div_ceil(unsigned int a, unsigned int b) 88 { 89 if (!a) 90 return 0; 91 return ((a - 1) / b) + 1; 92 } 93 94 static int get_bmap(int fd, unsigned long block, unsigned long *phy_blk) 95 { 96 int ret; 97 unsigned int b; 98 99 b = block; 100 ret = ioctl(fd, FIBMAP, &b); /* FIBMAP takes pointer to integer */ 101 if (ret < 0) { 102 if (errno == EPERM) { 103 fprintf(stderr, "No permission to use FIBMAP ioctl; " 104 "must have root privileges\n"); 105 exit(1); 106 } 107 perror("FIBMAP"); 108 } 109 *phy_blk = b; 110 111 return ret; 112 } 113 114 static void print_extent_info(struct fiemap_extent *fm_extent, int cur_ex, 115 unsigned long long expected, int blk_shift) 116 { 117 __u64 phy_blk; 118 unsigned long long logical_blk; 119 unsigned long ext_len; 120 char flags[256] = ""; 121 122 /* For inline data all offsets should be in terms of bytes, not blocks */ 123 if (fm_extent->fe_flags & FIEMAP_EXTENT_DATA_INLINE) 124 blk_shift = 0; 125 126 ext_len = fm_extent->fe_length >> blk_shift; 127 logical_blk = fm_extent->fe_logical >> blk_shift; 128 phy_blk = fm_extent->fe_physical >> blk_shift; 129 130 if (fm_extent->fe_flags & FIEMAP_EXTENT_UNKNOWN) 131 strcat(flags, "unknown,"); 132 if (fm_extent->fe_flags & FIEMAP_EXTENT_DELALLOC) 133 strcat(flags, "delalloc,"); 134 if (fm_extent->fe_flags & FIEMAP_EXTENT_DATA_ENCRYPTED) 135 strcat(flags, "encrypted,"); 136 if (fm_extent->fe_flags & FIEMAP_EXTENT_NOT_ALIGNED) 137 strcat(flags, "not_aligned,"); 138 if (fm_extent->fe_flags & FIEMAP_EXTENT_DATA_INLINE) 139 strcat(flags, "inline,"); 140 if (fm_extent->fe_flags & FIEMAP_EXTENT_DATA_TAIL) 141 strcat(flags, "tail_packed,"); 142 if (fm_extent->fe_flags & FIEMAP_EXTENT_UNWRITTEN) 143 strcat(flags, "unwritten,"); 144 if (fm_extent->fe_flags & FIEMAP_EXTENT_MERGED) 145 strcat(flags, "merged,"); 146 147 if (fm_extent->fe_logical + fm_extent->fe_length >= filesize) 148 strcat(flags, "eof,"); 149 150 /* Remove trailing comma, if any */ 151 if (flags[0]) 152 flags[strlen(flags) - 1] = '\0'; 153 154 if (expected) 155 printf("%4d %*llu %*llu %*llu %6lu %s\n", 156 cur_ex, logical_width, logical_blk, 157 physical_width, phy_blk, physical_width, expected, 158 ext_len, flags); 159 else 160 printf("%4d %*llu %*llu %*s %6lu %s\n", 161 cur_ex, logical_width, logical_blk, 162 physical_width, phy_blk, physical_width, "", 163 ext_len, flags); 164 } 165 166 static int filefrag_fiemap(int fd, int blk_shift, int *num_extents) 167 { 168 char buf[4096] = ""; 169 struct fiemap *fiemap = (struct fiemap *)buf; 170 struct fiemap_extent *fm_ext = &fiemap->fm_extents[0]; 171 int count = (sizeof(buf) - sizeof(*fiemap)) / 172 sizeof(struct fiemap_extent); 173 unsigned long long last_blk = 0; 174 unsigned long flags = 0; 175 unsigned int i; 176 static int fiemap_incompat_printed; 177 int fiemap_header_printed = 0; 178 int tot_extents = 1, n = 0; 179 int last = 0; 180 int rc; 181 182 fiemap->fm_length = ~0ULL; 183 184 memset(fiemap, 0, sizeof(struct fiemap)); 185 186 if (!verbose) 187 count = 0; 188 189 if (sync_file) 190 flags |= FIEMAP_FLAG_SYNC; 191 192 if (xattr_map) 193 flags |= FIEMAP_FLAG_XATTR; 194 195 do { 196 fiemap->fm_length = ~0ULL; 197 fiemap->fm_flags = flags; 198 fiemap->fm_extent_count = count; 199 rc = ioctl(fd, FS_IOC_FIEMAP, (unsigned long) fiemap); 200 if (rc < 0) { 201 if (errno == EBADR && fiemap_incompat_printed == 0) { 202 printf("FIEMAP failed with unsupported " 203 "flags %x\n", fiemap->fm_flags); 204 fiemap_incompat_printed = 1; 205 } 206 return rc; 207 } 208 209 if (verbose && !fiemap_header_printed) { 210 printf(" ext %*s %*s %*s length flags\n", logical_width, 211 "logical", physical_width, "physical", 212 physical_width, "expected"); 213 fiemap_header_printed = 1; 214 } 215 216 if (!verbose) { 217 *num_extents = fiemap->fm_mapped_extents; 218 goto out; 219 } 220 221 /* If 0 extents are returned, then more ioctls are not needed */ 222 if (fiemap->fm_mapped_extents == 0) 223 break; 224 225 for (i = 0; i < fiemap->fm_mapped_extents; i++) { 226 __u64 phy_blk, logical_blk; 227 unsigned long ext_len; 228 229 phy_blk = fm_ext[i].fe_physical >> blk_shift; 230 ext_len = fm_ext[i].fe_length >> blk_shift; 231 logical_blk = fm_ext[i].fe_logical >> blk_shift; 232 233 if (logical_blk && phy_blk != last_blk + 1) 234 tot_extents++; 235 else 236 last_blk = 0; 237 print_extent_info(&fm_ext[i], n, last_blk, blk_shift); 238 239 last_blk = phy_blk + ext_len - 1; 240 if (fm_ext[i].fe_flags & FIEMAP_EXTENT_LAST) 241 last = 1; 242 n++; 243 } 244 245 fiemap->fm_start = (fm_ext[i-1].fe_logical + 246 fm_ext[i-1].fe_length); 247 } while (last == 0); 248 249 *num_extents = tot_extents; 250 out: 251 return 0; 252 } 253 254 #define EXT2_DIRECT 12 255 256 static void frag_report(const char *filename) 257 { 258 struct statfs fsinfo; 259 #ifdef HAVE_FSTAT64 260 struct stat64 fileinfo; 261 #else 262 struct stat fileinfo; 263 #endif 264 int bs; 265 long fd; 266 unsigned long block, last_block = 0, numblocks, i, count; 267 long bpib; /* Blocks per indirect block */ 268 long cylgroups; 269 int num_extents = 0, expected; 270 int is_ext2 = 0; 271 static int once = 1; 272 unsigned int flags; 273 int rc; 274 275 #ifdef HAVE_OPEN64 276 fd = open64(filename, O_RDONLY); 277 #else 278 fd = open(filename, O_RDONLY); 279 #endif 280 if (fd < 0) { 281 perror("open"); 282 return; 283 } 284 285 if (statfs(filename, &fsinfo) < 0) { 286 perror("statfs"); 287 return; 288 } 289 #ifdef HAVE_FSTAT64 290 if (stat64(filename, &fileinfo) < 0) { 291 #else 292 if (stat(filename, &fileinfo) < 0) { 293 #endif 294 perror("stat"); 295 return; 296 } 297 if (ioctl(fd, EXT3_IOC_GETFLAGS, &flags) < 0) 298 flags = 0; 299 if (!(flags & EXT4_EXTENTS_FL) && 300 ((fsinfo.f_type == 0xef51) || (fsinfo.f_type == 0xef52) || 301 (fsinfo.f_type == 0xef53))) 302 is_ext2++; 303 if (verbose && once) 304 printf("Filesystem type is: %lx\n", 305 (unsigned long) fsinfo.f_type); 306 307 cylgroups = div_ceil(fsinfo.f_blocks, fsinfo.f_bsize*8); 308 if (verbose && is_ext2 && once) 309 printf("Filesystem cylinder groups is approximately %ld\n", 310 cylgroups); 311 312 physical_width = int_log10(fsinfo.f_blocks); 313 if (physical_width < 8) 314 physical_width = 8; 315 316 if (ioctl(fd, FIGETBSZ, &bs) < 0) { /* FIGETBSZ takes an int */ 317 perror("FIGETBSZ"); 318 close(fd); 319 return; 320 } 321 322 if (no_bs) 323 bs = 1024; 324 325 bpib = bs / 4; 326 numblocks = (fileinfo.st_size + (bs-1)) / bs; 327 logical_width = int_log10(numblocks); 328 if (logical_width < 7) 329 logical_width = 7; 330 filesize = (long long)fileinfo.st_size; 331 if (verbose) 332 printf("File size of %s is %lld (%ld block%s, blocksize %d)\n", 333 filename, (long long) fileinfo.st_size, numblocks, 334 numblocks == 1 ? "" : "s", bs); 335 if (force_bmap || 336 filefrag_fiemap(fd, int_log2(bs), &num_extents) != 0) { 337 for (i = 0, count = 0; i < numblocks; i++) { 338 if (is_ext2 && last_block) { 339 if (((i-EXT2_DIRECT) % bpib) == 0) 340 last_block++; 341 if (((i-EXT2_DIRECT-bpib) % (bpib*bpib)) == 0) 342 last_block++; 343 if (((i-EXT2_DIRECT-bpib-bpib*bpib) % 344 (((__u64) bpib)*bpib*bpib)) == 0) 345 last_block++; 346 } 347 rc = get_bmap(fd, i, &block); 348 if (block == 0) 349 continue; 350 if (!num_extents) 351 num_extents++; 352 count++; 353 if (last_block && (block != last_block+1) ) { 354 if (verbose) 355 printf("Discontinuity: Block %ld is at " 356 "%lu (was %lu)\n", 357 i, block, last_block+1); 358 num_extents++; 359 } 360 last_block = block; 361 } 362 } 363 if (num_extents == 1) 364 printf("%s: 1 extent found", filename); 365 else 366 printf("%s: %d extents found", filename, num_extents); 367 expected = (count/((bs*8)-(fsinfo.f_files/8/cylgroups)-3))+1; 368 if (is_ext2 && expected < num_extents) 369 printf(", perfection would be %d extent%s\n", expected, 370 (expected>1) ? "s" : ""); 371 else 372 fputc('\n', stdout); 373 close(fd); 374 once = 0; 375 } 376 377 static void usage(const char *progname) 378 { 379 fprintf(stderr, "Usage: %s [-Bbvsx] file ...\n", progname); 380 exit(1); 381 } 382 383 int main(int argc, char**argv) 384 { 385 char **cpp; 386 int c; 387 388 while ((c = getopt(argc, argv, "Bbsvx")) != EOF) 389 switch (c) { 390 case 'B': 391 force_bmap++; 392 break; 393 case 'b': 394 no_bs++; 395 break; 396 case 'v': 397 verbose++; 398 break; 399 case 's': 400 sync_file++; 401 break; 402 case 'x': 403 xattr_map++; 404 break; 405 default: 406 usage(argv[0]); 407 break; 408 } 409 if (optind == argc) 410 usage(argv[0]); 411 for (cpp=argv+optind; *cpp; cpp++) 412 frag_report(*cpp); 413 return 0; 414 } 415 #endif 416
