1 <!DOCTYPE HTML PUBLIC "-//W3C//DTD HTML 4.01//EN" 2 "http://www.w3.org/TR/html4/strict.dtd"> 3 <html> 4 <head> 5 <META http-equiv="Content-Type" content="text/html; charset=ISO-8859-1"> 6 <title>Clang - C++98, C++11, and C++14 Status</title> 7 <link type="text/css" rel="stylesheet" href="menu.css"> 8 <link type="text/css" rel="stylesheet" href="content.css"> 9 <style type="text/css"> 10 .none { background-color: #FFCCCC } 11 .partial { background-color: #FFE0B0 } 12 .svn { background-color: #FFFF99 } 13 .full { background-color: #CCFF99 } 14 .na { background-color: #DDDDDD } 15 span:target { background-color: #FFFFBB; outline: #DDDD55 solid thin; } 16 th { background-color: #FFDDAA } 17 </style> 18 </head> 19 <body> 20 21 <!--#include virtual="menu.html.incl"--> 22 23 <div id="content"> 24 25 <!--*************************************************************************--> 26 <h1>C++98, C++11, and C++14 Support in Clang</h1> 27 <!--*************************************************************************--> 28 <p>Last updated: $Date$</p> 29 30 <h2 id="cxx98">C++98 implementation status</h2> 31 32 <p>Clang currently implements all of the ISO C++ 1998 standard 33 (including the defects addressed in the ISO C++ 2003 standard) 34 except for <tt>export</tt> (which has been removed in C++11) 35 and is considered a production-quality C++ compiler. The <a 36 href="http://llvm.org/bugs/">LLVM bug tracker</a> contains a Clang 37 C++ component that tracks known Clang C++ bugs.</p> 38 39 <h2 id="cxx11">C++11 implementation status</h2> 40 41 <p>Clang implements all of the <a 42 href="http://www.iso.org/iso/iso_catalogue/catalogue_tc/catalogue_detail.htm?csnumber=50372">ISO 43 C++ 2011 standard</a>. The following table describes the Clang version 44 in which each feature became available.</p> 45 46 <p>By default, Clang builds C++ code according to the C++98 standard, with many 47 C++11 features accepted as extensions. You can use Clang in C++11 mode with the 48 <code>-std=c++11</code> option. Clang's C++11 mode can be used 49 with <a href="http://libcxx.llvm.org/">libc++</a> or with gcc's libstdc++, but 50 patches are needed to make <a href="libstdc++4.4-clang0x.patch">libstdc++-4.4</a> 51 work with Clang in C++11 mode. Patches are also needed to make 52 <a href="libstdc++4.6-clang11.patch">libstdc++-4.6</a>, 53 and <a href="libstdc++4.7-clang11.patch">libstdc++-4.7</a> work with Clang 54 releases prior to version 3.2 in C++11 mode. <tt>thread_local</tt> support 55 currently requires g++-4.8's C++ runtime library.</p> 56 57 <table width="689" border="1" cellspacing="0"> 58 <tr> 59 <th>Language Feature</th> 60 <th>C++11 Proposal</th> 61 <th>Available in Clang?</th> 62 </tr> 63 <tr> 64 <td>Rvalue references</td> 65 <td><a href="http://www.open-std.org/jtc1/sc22/wg21/docs/papers/2006/n2118.html">N2118</a></td> 66 <td class="full" align="center">Clang 2.9</td> 67 </tr> 68 <tr> 69 <td> Rvalue references for <code>*this</code></td> 70 <td><a href="http://www.open-std.org/jtc1/sc22/wg21/docs/papers/2007/n2439.htm">N2439</a></td> 71 <td class="full" align="center">Clang 2.9</td> 72 </tr> 73 <tr> 74 <td>Initialization of class objects by rvalues</td> 75 <td><a href="http://www.open-std.org/jtc1/sc22/wg21/docs/papers/2004/n1610.html">N1610</a></td> 76 <td class="full" align="center">Clang 2.9</td> 77 </tr> 78 <tr> 79 <td>Non-static data member initializers</td> 80 <td><a href="http://www.open-std.org/JTC1/SC22/WG21/docs/papers/2008/n2756.htm">N2756</a></td> 81 <td class="full" align="center">Clang 3.0</td> 82 </tr> 83 <tr> 84 <td>Variadic templates</td> 85 <td><a href="http://www.open-std.org/jtc1/sc22/wg21/docs/papers/2007/n2242.pdf">N2242</a></td> 86 <td class="full" align="center">Clang 2.9</td> 87 </tr> 88 <tr> 89 <td> Extending variadic template template parameters</td> 90 <td><a href="http://www.open-std.org/jtc1/sc22/wg21/docs/papers/2008/n2555.pdf">N2555</a></td> 91 <td class="full" align="center">Clang 2.9</td> 92 </tr> 93 <tr> 94 <td>Initializer lists</td> 95 <td><a href="http://www.open-std.org/jtc1/sc22/wg21/docs/papers/2008/n2672.htm">N2672</a></td> 96 <td class="full" align="center">Clang 3.1</td> 97 </tr> 98 <tr> 99 <td>Static assertions</td> 100 <td><a href="http://www.open-std.org/jtc1/sc22/wg21/docs/papers/2004/n1720.html">N1720</a></td> 101 <td class="full" align="center">Clang 2.9</td> 102 </tr> 103 <tr> 104 <td><code>auto</code>-typed variables</td> 105 <td><a href="http://www.open-std.org/jtc1/sc22/wg21/docs/papers/2006/n1984.pdf">N1984</a></td> 106 <td class="full" align="center">Clang 2.9</td> 107 </tr> 108 <tr> 109 <td> Multi-declarator <code>auto</code></td> 110 <td><a href="http://www.open-std.org/jtc1/sc22/wg21/docs/papers/2004/n1737.pdf">N1737</a></td> 111 <td class="full" align="center">Clang 2.9</td> 112 </tr> 113 <tr> 114 <td> Removal of auto as a storage-class specifier</td> 115 <td><a href="http://www.open-std.org/jtc1/sc22/wg21/docs/papers/2008/n2546.htm">N2546</a></td> 116 <td class="full" align="center">Clang 2.9</td> 117 </tr> 118 <tr> 119 <td> New function declarator syntax</td> 120 <td><a href="http://www.open-std.org/jtc1/sc22/wg21/docs/papers/2008/n2541.htm">N2541</a></td> 121 <td class="full" align="center">Clang 2.9</td> 122 </tr> 123 <tr> 124 <td>Lambda expressions</td> 125 <td><a href="http://www.open-std.org/JTC1/SC22/WG21/docs/papers/2009/n2927.pdf">N2927</a></td> 126 <td class="full" align="center">Clang 3.1</td> 127 </tr> 128 <tr> 129 <td>Declared type of an expression</td> 130 <td><a href="http://www.open-std.org/jtc1/sc22/wg21/docs/papers/2007/n2343.pdf">N2343</a></td> 131 <td class="full" align="center">Clang 2.9</td> 132 </tr> 133 <tr> 134 <td> Incomplete return types</td> 135 <td><a href="http://www.open-std.org/jtc1/sc22/wg21/docs/papers/2011/n3276.pdf">N3276</a></td> 136 <td class="full" align="center">Clang 3.1</td> 137 </tr> 138 <tr> 139 <td>Right angle brackets</td> 140 <td><a href="http://www.open-std.org/jtc1/sc22/wg21/docs/papers/2005/n1757.html">N1757</a></td> 141 <td class="full" align="center">Clang 2.9</td> 142 </tr> 143 <tr> 144 <td>Default template arguments for function templates</td> 145 <td><a href="http://www.open-std.org/jtc1/sc22/wg21/docs/cwg_defects.html#226">DR226</a></td> 146 <td class="full" align="center">Clang 2.9</td> 147 </tr> 148 <tr> 149 <td>Solving the SFINAE problem for expressions</td> 150 <td><a href="http://www.open-std.org/jtc1/sc22/wg21/docs/papers/2008/n2634.html">DR339</a></td> 151 <td class="full" align="center">Clang 2.9</td> 152 </tr> 153 <tr> 154 <td>Alias templates</td> 155 <td><a href="http://www.open-std.org/jtc1/sc22/wg21/docs/papers/2007/n2258.pdf">N2258</a></td> 156 <td class="full" align="center">Clang 3.0</td> 157 </tr> 158 <tr> 159 <td>Extern templates</td> 160 <td><a href="http://www.open-std.org/jtc1/sc22/wg21/docs/papers/2006/n1987.htm">N1987</a></td> 161 <td class="full" align="center">Clang 2.9</td> 162 </tr> 163 <tr> 164 <td>Null pointer constant</td> 165 <td><a href="http://www.open-std.org/jtc1/sc22/wg21/docs/papers/2007/n2431.pdf">N2431</a></td> 166 <td class="full" align="center">Clang 3.0</td> 167 </tr> 168 <tr> 169 <td>Strongly-typed enums</td> 170 <td><a href="http://www.open-std.org/jtc1/sc22/wg21/docs/papers/2007/n2347.pdf">N2347</a></td> 171 <td class="full" align="center">Clang 2.9</td> 172 </tr> 173 <tr> 174 <td>Forward declarations for enums</td> 175 <td><a href="http://www.open-std.org/jtc1/sc22/wg21/docs/papers/2008/n2764.pdf">N2764</a> 176 <br><a href="http://www.open-std.org/jtc1/sc22/wg21/docs/cwg_defects.html#1206">DR1206</a></td> 177 <td class="full" align="center">Clang 3.1</td> 178 </tr> 179 <tr> 180 <td>Generalized attributes</td> 181 <td><a href="http://www.open-std.org/jtc1/sc22/wg21/docs/papers/2008/n2761.pdf">N2761</a></td> 182 <td class="full" align="center">Clang 3.3 <a href="#n2761">(1)</a></td> 183 </tr> 184 <tr> 185 <td>Generalized constant expressions</td> 186 <td><a href="http://www.open-std.org/jtc1/sc22/wg21/docs/papers/2007/n2235.pdf">N2235</a></td> 187 <td class="full" align="center">Clang 3.1</td> 188 </tr> 189 <tr> 190 <td>Alignment support</td> 191 <td><a href="http://www.open-std.org/jtc1/sc22/wg21/docs/papers/2007/n2341.pdf">N2341</a></td> 192 <td class="full" align="center">Clang 3.3</td> 193 </tr> 194 <!-- Skipped N1627: Conditionally-support behavior --> 195 <!-- Skipped N1727: Changing Undefined Behavior into Diagnosable Errors --> 196 <tr> 197 <td>Delegating constructors</td> 198 <td><a href="http://www.open-std.org/jtc1/sc22/wg21/docs/papers/2006/n1986.pdf">N1986</a></td> 199 <td class="full" align="center">Clang 3.0</td> 200 </tr> 201 <tr> 202 <td>Inheriting constructors</td> 203 <td><a href="http://www.open-std.org/jtc1/sc22/wg21/docs/papers/2008/n2540.htm">N2540</a></td> 204 <td class="full" align="center">Clang 3.3</td> 205 </tr> 206 <tr> 207 <td>Explicit conversion operators</td> 208 <td><a href="http://www.open-std.org/jtc1/sc22/wg21/docs/papers/2007/n2437.pdf">N2437</a></td> 209 <td class="full" align="center">Clang 3.0</td> 210 </tr> 211 <tr> 212 <td>New character types</td> 213 <td><a href="http://www.open-std.org/jtc1/sc22/wg21/docs/papers/2007/n2249.html">N2249</a></td> 214 <td class="full" align="center">Clang 2.9</td> 215 </tr> 216 <tr> 217 <td>Unicode string literals</td> 218 <td><a href="http://www.open-std.org/jtc1/sc22/wg21/docs/papers/2007/n2442.htm">N2442</a></td> 219 <td class="full" align="center">Clang 3.0</td> 220 </tr> 221 <tr> 222 <td>Raw string literals</td> 223 <td><a href="http://www.open-std.org/jtc1/sc22/wg21/docs/papers/2007/n2442.htm">N2442</a></td> 224 <td class="full" align="center">Clang 3.0</td> 225 </tr> 226 <tr> 227 <td>Universal character names in literals</td> 228 <td><a href="http://www.open-std.org/jtc1/sc22/wg21/docs/papers/2007/n2170.html">N2170</a></td> 229 <td class="full" align="center">Clang 3.1</td> 230 </tr> 231 <tr> 232 <td>User-defined literals</td> 233 <td><a href="http://www.open-std.org/jtc1/sc22/wg21/docs/papers/2008/n2765.pdf">N2765</a></td> 234 <td class="full" align="center">Clang 3.1</td> 235 </tr> 236 <tr> 237 <td>Standard Layout Types</td> 238 <td><a href="http://www.open-std.org/jtc1/sc22/wg21/docs/papers/2007/n2342.htm">N2342</a></td> 239 <td class="full" align="center">Clang 3.0</td> 240 </tr> 241 <tr> 242 <td>Defaulted functions</td> 243 <td><a href="http://www.open-std.org/jtc1/sc22/wg21/docs/papers/2007/n2346.htm">N2346</a></td> 244 <td class="full" align="center">Clang 3.0</td> 245 </tr> 246 <tr> 247 <td>Deleted functions</td> 248 <td><a href="http://www.open-std.org/jtc1/sc22/wg21/docs/papers/2007/n2346.htm">N2346</a></td> 249 <td class="full" align="center">Clang 2.9</td> 250 </tr> 251 <tr> 252 <td>Extended friend declarations</td> 253 <td><a href="http://www.open-std.org/jtc1/sc22/wg21/docs/papers/2005/n1791.pdf">N1791</a></td> 254 <td class="full" align="center">Clang 2.9</td> 255 </tr> 256 <tr> 257 <td>Extending <code>sizeof</code></td> 258 <td><a href="http://www.open-std.org/jtc1/sc22/wg21/docs/papers/2007/n2253.html">N2253</a> 259 <br><a href="http://www.open-std.org/jtc1/sc22/wg21/docs/cwg_defects.html#850">DR850</a></td> 260 <td class="full" align="center">Clang 3.1</td> 261 </tr> 262 <tr> 263 <td>Inline namespaces</td> 264 <td><a href="http://www.open-std.org/jtc1/sc22/wg21/docs/papers/2008/n2535.htm">N2535</a></td> 265 <td class="full" align="center">Clang 2.9</td> 266 </tr> 267 <tr> 268 <td>Unrestricted unions</td> 269 <td><a href="http://www.open-std.org/jtc1/sc22/wg21/docs/papers/2008/n2544.pdf">N2544</a></td> 270 <td class="full" align="center">Clang 3.1</td> 271 </tr> 272 <tr> 273 <td>Local and unnamed types as template arguments</td> 274 <td><a href="http://www.open-std.org/jtc1/sc22/wg21/docs/papers/2008/n2657.htm">N2657</a></td> 275 <td class="full" align="center">Clang 2.9</td> 276 </tr> 277 <tr> 278 <td>Range-based for</td> 279 <td><a href="http://www.open-std.org/JTC1/SC22/WG21/docs/papers/2009/n2930.html">N2930</a></td> 280 <td class="full" align="center">Clang 3.0</td> 281 </tr> 282 <tr> 283 <td>Explicit virtual overrides</td> 284 <td><a href="http://www.open-std.org/JTC1/SC22/WG21/docs/papers/2009/n2928.htm">N2928</a> 285 <br><a href="http://www.open-std.org/jtc1/sc22/wg21/docs/papers/2010/n3206.htm">N3206</a> 286 <br><a href="http://www.open-std.org/jtc1/sc22/wg21/docs/papers/2011/n3272.htm">N3272</a></td> 287 <td class="full" align="center">Clang 3.0</td> 288 </tr> 289 <tr> 290 <td>Minimal support for garbage collection and reachability-based leak detection</td> 291 <td><a href="http://www.open-std.org/jtc1/sc22/wg21/docs/papers/2008/n2670.htm">N2670</a></td> 292 <td class="na" align="center">N/A</td> 293 </tr> 294 <tr> 295 <td>Allowing move constructors to throw [noexcept]</td> 296 <td><a href="http://www.open-std.org/jtc1/sc22/wg21/docs/papers/2010/n3050.html">N3050</a></td> 297 <td class="full" align="center">Clang 3.0</td> 298 </tr> 299 <tr> 300 <td>Defining move special member functions</td> 301 <td><a href="http://www.open-std.org/jtc1/sc22/wg21/docs/papers/2010/n3053.html">N3053</a></td> 302 <td class="full" align="center">Clang 3.0</td> 303 </tr> 304 305 <tr class="separator"> 306 <th align="center" colspan="3">Concurrency</th> 307 </tr> 308 <tr> 309 <td>Sequence points</td> 310 <td><a href="http://www.open-std.org/jtc1/sc22/wg21/docs/papers/2007/n2239.html">N2239</a></td> 311 <td class="full" align="center">Clang 3.3</td> 312 </tr> 313 <tr> 314 <td>Atomic operations</td> 315 <td><a href="http://www.open-std.org/jtc1/sc22/wg21/docs/papers/2007/n2427.html">N2427</a></td> 316 <td class="full" align="center">Clang 3.1</td> 317 </tr> 318 <tr> 319 <td>Strong Compare and Exchange</td> 320 <td><a href="http://www.open-std.org/jtc1/sc22/wg21/docs/papers/2008/n2748.html">N2748</a></td> 321 <td class="full" align="center">Clang 3.1 <a href="#n2748">(2)</a></td> 322 </tr> 323 <tr> 324 <td>Bidirectional Fences</td> 325 <td><a href="http://www.open-std.org/jtc1/sc22/wg21/docs/papers/2008/n2752.htm">N2752</a></td> 326 <td class="full" align="center">Clang 3.1</td> 327 </tr> 328 329 <tr> 330 <td>Memory model</td> 331 <td><a href="http://www.open-std.org/jtc1/sc22/wg21/docs/papers/2007/n2429.htm">N2429</a></td> 332 <td class="full" align="center">Clang 3.2</td> 333 </tr> 334 <tr> 335 <td>Data-dependency ordering: atomics and memory model</td> 336 <td><a href="http://www.open-std.org/jtc1/sc22/wg21/docs/papers/2008/n2664.htm">N2664</a></td> 337 <td class="full" align="center">Clang 3.2 <a href="#n2664">(3)</a></td> 338 </tr> 339 <tr> 340 <td>Propagating exceptions</td> 341 <td><a href="http://www.open-std.org/jtc1/sc22/wg21/docs/papers/2007/n2179.html">N2179</a></td> 342 <td class="full" align="center">Clang 2.9</td> 343 </tr> 344 <tr> 345 <td>Abandoning a process and at_quick_exit</td> 346 <td><a href="http://www.open-std.org/jtc1/sc22/wg21/docs/papers/2007/n2440.htm">N2440</a></td> 347 <td class="na" align="center">N/A</td> 348 </tr> 349 <tr> 350 <td>Allow atomics use in signal handlers</td> 351 <td><a href="http://www.open-std.org/jtc1/sc22/wg21/docs/papers/2008/n2547.htm">N2547</a></td> 352 <td class="full" align="center">Clang 3.1</td> 353 </tr> 354 <tr> 355 <td>Thread-local storage</td> 356 <td><a href="http://www.open-std.org/jtc1/sc22/wg21/docs/papers/2008/n2659.htm">N2659</a></td> 357 <td class="full" align="center">Clang 3.3</td> 358 </tr> 359 <tr> 360 <td>Dynamic initialization and destruction with concurrency</td> 361 <td><a href="http://www.open-std.org/jtc1/sc22/wg21/docs/papers/2008/n2660.htm">N2660</a></td> 362 <td class="full" align="center">Clang 2.9</td> 363 </tr> 364 365 <tr class="separator"> 366 <th align="center" colspan="3">C99 Features in C++11</th> 367 </tr> 368 <tr> 369 <td><code>__func__</code> predefined identifier</td> 370 <td><a href="http://www.open-std.org/jtc1/sc22/wg21/docs/papers/2007/n2340.htm">N2340</a></td> 371 <td class="full" align="center">Clang 2.9</td> 372 </tr> 373 <tr> 374 <td>C99 preprocessor</td> 375 <td><a href="http://www.open-std.org/jtc1/sc22/wg21/docs/papers/2004/n1653.htm">N1653</a></td> 376 <td class="full" align="center">Clang 2.9</td> 377 </tr> 378 <tr> 379 <td><code>long long</code></td> 380 <td><a href="http://www.open-std.org/jtc1/sc22/wg21/docs/papers/2005/n1811.pdf">N1811</a></td> 381 <td class="full" align="center">Clang 2.9</td> 382 </tr> 383 <tr> 384 <td>Extended integral types</td> 385 <td><a href="http://www.open-std.org/jtc1/sc22/wg21/docs/papers/2006/n1988.pdf">N1988</a></td> 386 <td class="na" align="center">N/A <a href="#n1988">(4)</a></td> 387 </tr> 388 </table> 389 390 <p> 391 <span id="n2761">(1): The <code>[[carries_dependency]]</code> attribute 392 has no effect.</span><br> 393 <span id="n2748">(2): All compare-exchange operations are emitted as 394 strong compare-exchanges.</span><br> 395 <span id="n2664">(3): <code>memory_order_consume</code> is lowered to 396 <code>memory_order_acquire</code>.</span><br> 397 <span id="n1988">(4): <code>__int128</code> is not treated as an extended 398 integer type, because changing <code>intmax_t</code> would be an 399 ABI-incompatible change.</span> 400 </p> 401 402 <h2 id="cxx14">C++1y implementation status</h2> 403 404 <p>Clang is introducing support for the upcoming C++ language standard, 405 provisionally named C++1y. The following table describes which C++1y features 406 have been implemented in Clang and in which Clang version they became 407 available.</p> 408 409 <p>You can use Clang in C++1y mode with the <code>-std=c++1y</code> option.</p> 410 411 <table width="689" border="1" cellspacing="0"> 412 <tr> 413 <th>Language Feature</th> 414 <th>C++1y Proposal</th> 415 <th>Available in Clang?</th> 416 </tr> 417 <tr> 418 <td>Tweak to certain C++ contextual conversions</td> 419 <td><a href="http://www.open-std.org/jtc1/sc22/wg21/docs/papers/2012/n3323.pdf">N3323</a></td> 420 <td class="svn" align="center">SVN</td> 421 </tr> 422 <tr> 423 <td>Binary literals</td> 424 <td><a href="http://www.open-std.org/jtc1/sc22/wg21/docs/papers/2012/n3472.pdf">N3472</a></td> 425 <td class="full" align="center">Yes</td> 426 </tr> 427 <tr> 428 <td>decltype(auto)</td> 429 <td rowspan=2 style="vertical-align:middle"><a href="http://www.open-std.org/jtc1/sc22/wg21/docs/papers/2013/n3638.html">N3638</a></td> 430 <td class="full" align="center">Clang 3.3</td> 431 </tr> 432 <tr> 433 <td>Return type deduction for normal functions</td> 434 <td class="svn" align="center">SVN</td> 435 </tr> 436 <tr> 437 <td>Runtime-sized arrays with automatic storage duration</td> 438 <td><a href="http://www.open-std.org/jtc1/sc22/wg21/docs/papers/2013/n3639.html">N3639</a></td> 439 <td class="partial" align="center">Partial</td> 440 </tr> 441 <tr> 442 <td>Initialized lambda captures</td> 443 <td><a href="http://www.open-std.org/jtc1/sc22/wg21/docs/papers/2013/n3648.html">N3648</a></td> 444 <td class="none" align="center">No</td> 445 </tr> 446 <tr> 447 <td>Generic lambdas</td> 448 <td><a href="http://www.open-std.org/jtc1/sc22/wg21/docs/papers/2013/n3649.html">N3649</a></td> 449 <td class="partial" align="center"> 450 No [<a href="https://github.com/faisalv/clang-glambda">WIP</a>]</td> 451 </tr> 452 <tr> 453 <td>Variable templates</td> 454 <td><a href="http://www.open-std.org/jtc1/sc22/wg21/docs/papers/2013/n3651.pdf">N3651</a></td> 455 <td class="partial" align="center">Partial</td> 456 </tr> 457 <tr> 458 <td>Relaxing requirements on constexpr functions</td> 459 <td><a href="http://www.open-std.org/jtc1/sc22/wg21/docs/papers/2013/n3652.html">N3652</a></td> 460 <td class="svn" align="center">SVN</td> 461 </tr> 462 <tr> 463 <td>Member initializers and aggregates</td> 464 <td><a href="http://www.open-std.org/jtc1/sc22/wg21/docs/papers/2013/n3653.html">N3653</a></td> 465 <td class="full" align="center">Clang 3.3</td> 466 </tr> 467 <tr> 468 <td>Clarifying memory allocation</td> 469 <td><a href="http://www.open-std.org/jtc1/sc22/wg21/docs/papers/2013/n3664.html">N3664</a></td> 470 <td class="svn" align="center">SVN</td> 471 </tr> 472 </table> 473 474 </div> 475 </body> 476 </html> 477
