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      1 // This file is part of Eigen, a lightweight C++ template library
      2 // for linear algebra.
      3 //
      4 // Copyright (C) 2012 Chen-Pang He <jdh8 (at) ms63.hinet.net>
      5 //
      6 // This Source Code Form is subject to the terms of the Mozilla
      7 // Public License v. 2.0. If a copy of the MPL was not distributed
      8 // with this file, You can obtain one at http://mozilla.org/MPL/2.0/.
      9 
     10 #include "matrix_functions.h"
     11 
     12 template <typename MatrixType, int IsComplex = NumTraits<typename MatrixType::Scalar>::IsComplex>
     13 struct generateTriangularMatrix;
     14 
     15 // for real matrices, make sure none of the eigenvalues are negative
     16 template <typename MatrixType>
     17 struct generateTriangularMatrix<MatrixType,0>
     18 {
     19   static void run(MatrixType& result, typename MatrixType::Index size)
     20   {
     21     result.resize(size, size);
     22     result.template triangularView<Upper>() = MatrixType::Random(size, size);
     23     for (typename MatrixType::Index i = 0; i < size; ++i)
     24       result.coeffRef(i,i) = std::abs(result.coeff(i,i));
     25   }
     26 };
     27 
     28 // for complex matrices, any matrix is fine
     29 template <typename MatrixType>
     30 struct generateTriangularMatrix<MatrixType,1>
     31 {
     32   static void run(MatrixType& result, typename MatrixType::Index size)
     33   {
     34     result.resize(size, size);
     35     result.template triangularView<Upper>() = MatrixType::Random(size, size);
     36   }
     37 };
     38 
     39 template<typename T>
     40 void test2dRotation(double tol)
     41 {
     42   Matrix<T,2,2> A, B, C;
     43   T angle, c, s;
     44 
     45   A << 0, 1, -1, 0;
     46   MatrixPower<Matrix<T,2,2> > Apow(A);
     47 
     48   for (int i=0; i<=20; ++i) {
     49     angle = pow(10, (i-10) / 5.);
     50     c = std::cos(angle);
     51     s = std::sin(angle);
     52     B << c, s, -s, c;
     53 
     54     C = Apow(std::ldexp(angle,1) / M_PI);
     55     std::cout << "test2dRotation: i = " << i << "   error powerm = " << relerr(C,B) << '\n';
     56     VERIFY(C.isApprox(B, static_cast<T>(tol)));
     57   }
     58 }
     59 
     60 template<typename T>
     61 void test2dHyperbolicRotation(double tol)
     62 {
     63   Matrix<std::complex<T>,2,2> A, B, C;
     64   T angle, ch = std::cosh((T)1);
     65   std::complex<T> ish(0, std::sinh((T)1));
     66 
     67   A << ch, ish, -ish, ch;
     68   MatrixPower<Matrix<std::complex<T>,2,2> > Apow(A);
     69 
     70   for (int i=0; i<=20; ++i) {
     71     angle = std::ldexp(static_cast<T>(i-10), -1);
     72     ch = std::cosh(angle);
     73     ish = std::complex<T>(0, std::sinh(angle));
     74     B << ch, ish, -ish, ch;
     75 
     76     C = Apow(angle);
     77     std::cout << "test2dHyperbolicRotation: i = " << i << "   error powerm = " << relerr(C,B) << '\n';
     78     VERIFY(C.isApprox(B, static_cast<T>(tol)));
     79   }
     80 }
     81 
     82 template<typename MatrixType>
     83 void testExponentLaws(const MatrixType& m, double tol)
     84 {
     85   typedef typename MatrixType::RealScalar RealScalar;
     86   MatrixType m1, m2, m3, m4, m5;
     87   RealScalar x, y;
     88 
     89   for (int i=0; i < g_repeat; ++i) {
     90     generateTestMatrix<MatrixType>::run(m1, m.rows());
     91     MatrixPower<MatrixType> mpow(m1);
     92 
     93     x = internal::random<RealScalar>();
     94     y = internal::random<RealScalar>();
     95     m2 = mpow(x);
     96     m3 = mpow(y);
     97 
     98     m4 = mpow(x+y);
     99     m5.noalias() = m2 * m3;
    100     VERIFY(m4.isApprox(m5, static_cast<RealScalar>(tol)));
    101 
    102     m4 = mpow(x*y);
    103     m5 = m2.pow(y);
    104     VERIFY(m4.isApprox(m5, static_cast<RealScalar>(tol)));
    105 
    106     m4 = (std::abs(x) * m1).pow(y);
    107     m5 = std::pow(std::abs(x), y) * m3;
    108     VERIFY(m4.isApprox(m5, static_cast<RealScalar>(tol)));
    109   }
    110 }
    111 
    112 typedef Matrix<double,3,3,RowMajor>         Matrix3dRowMajor;
    113 typedef Matrix<long double,Dynamic,Dynamic> MatrixXe;
    114 
    115 void test_matrix_power()
    116 {
    117   CALL_SUBTEST_2(test2dRotation<double>(1e-13));
    118   CALL_SUBTEST_1(test2dRotation<float>(2e-5));  // was 1e-5, relaxed for clang 2.8 / linux / x86-64
    119   CALL_SUBTEST_9(test2dRotation<long double>(1e-13));
    120   CALL_SUBTEST_2(test2dHyperbolicRotation<double>(1e-14));
    121   CALL_SUBTEST_1(test2dHyperbolicRotation<float>(1e-5));
    122   CALL_SUBTEST_9(test2dHyperbolicRotation<long double>(1e-14));
    123 
    124   CALL_SUBTEST_2(testExponentLaws(Matrix2d(),         1e-13));
    125   CALL_SUBTEST_7(testExponentLaws(Matrix3dRowMajor(), 1e-13));
    126   CALL_SUBTEST_3(testExponentLaws(Matrix4cd(),        1e-13));
    127   CALL_SUBTEST_4(testExponentLaws(MatrixXd(8,8),      2e-12));
    128   CALL_SUBTEST_1(testExponentLaws(Matrix2f(),         1e-4));
    129   CALL_SUBTEST_5(testExponentLaws(Matrix3cf(),        1e-4));
    130   CALL_SUBTEST_8(testExponentLaws(Matrix4f(),         1e-4));
    131   CALL_SUBTEST_6(testExponentLaws(MatrixXf(2,2),      1e-3)); // see bug 614
    132   CALL_SUBTEST_9(testExponentLaws(MatrixXe(7,7),      1e-13));
    133 }
    134