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      1 /*
      2  * Copyright (C) 2011 The Android Open Source Project
      3  *
      4  * Licensed under the Apache License, Version 2.0 (the "License");
      5  * you may not use this file except in compliance with the License.
      6  * You may obtain a copy of the License at
      7  *
      8  *      http://www.apache.org/licenses/LICENSE-2.0
      9  *
     10  * Unless required by applicable law or agreed to in writing, software
     11  * distributed under the License is distributed on an "AS IS" BASIS,
     12  * WITHOUT WARRANTIES OR CONDITIONS OF ANY KIND, either express or implied.
     13  * See the License for the specific language governing permissions and
     14  * limitations under the License.
     15  */
     16 
     17 #define LOG_TAG "Posix"
     18 
     19 #include "AsynchronousCloseMonitor.h"
     20 #include "cutils/log.h"
     21 #include "ExecStrings.h"
     22 #include "JNIHelp.h"
     23 #include "JniConstants.h"
     24 #include "JniException.h"
     25 #include "NetworkUtilities.h"
     26 #include "Portability.h"
     27 #include "readlink.h"
     28 #include "../../bionic/libc/dns/include/resolv_netid.h"  // For android_getaddrinfofornet.
     29 #include "ScopedBytes.h"
     30 #include "ScopedLocalRef.h"
     31 #include "ScopedPrimitiveArray.h"
     32 #include "ScopedUtfChars.h"
     33 #include "toStringArray.h"
     34 #include "UniquePtr.h"
     35 
     36 #include <arpa/inet.h>
     37 #include <errno.h>
     38 #include <fcntl.h>
     39 #include <net/if.h>
     40 #include <netdb.h>
     41 #include <netinet/in.h>
     42 #include <poll.h>
     43 #include <pwd.h>
     44 #include <signal.h>
     45 #include <stdlib.h>
     46 #include <sys/ioctl.h>
     47 #include <sys/mman.h>
     48 #ifndef __APPLE__
     49 #include <sys/prctl.h>
     50 #endif
     51 #include <sys/socket.h>
     52 #include <sys/stat.h>
     53 #ifdef __APPLE__
     54 #include <sys/statvfs.h>
     55 #endif
     56 #include <sys/syscall.h>
     57 #include <sys/time.h>
     58 #include <sys/types.h>
     59 #include <sys/uio.h>
     60 #include <sys/utsname.h>
     61 #include <sys/wait.h>
     62 #include <termios.h>
     63 #include <unistd.h>
     64 
     65 
     66 #ifndef __unused
     67 #define __unused __attribute__((__unused__))
     68 #endif
     69 
     70 #define TO_JAVA_STRING(NAME, EXP) \
     71         jstring NAME = env->NewStringUTF(EXP); \
     72         if (NAME == NULL) return NULL;
     73 
     74 struct addrinfo_deleter {
     75     void operator()(addrinfo* p) const {
     76         if (p != NULL) { // bionic's freeaddrinfo(3) crashes when passed NULL.
     77             freeaddrinfo(p);
     78         }
     79     }
     80 };
     81 
     82 /**
     83  * Used to retry networking system calls that can be interrupted with a signal. Unlike
     84  * TEMP_FAILURE_RETRY, this also handles the case where
     85  * AsynchronousCloseMonitor::signalBlockedThreads(fd) is used to signal a close() or
     86  * Thread.interrupt(). Other signals that result in an EINTR result are ignored and the system call
     87  * is retried.
     88  *
     89  * Returns the result of the system call though a Java exception will be pending if the result is
     90  * -1:  a SocketException if signaled via AsynchronousCloseMonitor, or ErrnoException for other
     91  * failures.
     92  */
     93 #define NET_FAILURE_RETRY(jni_env, return_type, syscall_name, java_fd, ...) ({ \
     94     return_type _rc = -1; \
     95     do { \
     96         bool _wasSignaled; \
     97         int _syscallErrno; \
     98         { \
     99             int _fd = jniGetFDFromFileDescriptor(jni_env, java_fd); \
    100             AsynchronousCloseMonitor _monitor(_fd); \
    101             _rc = syscall_name(_fd, __VA_ARGS__); \
    102             _syscallErrno = errno; \
    103             _wasSignaled = _monitor.wasSignaled(); \
    104         } \
    105         if (_wasSignaled) { \
    106             jniThrowException(jni_env, "java/net/SocketException", "Socket closed"); \
    107             _rc = -1; \
    108             break; \
    109         } \
    110         if (_rc == -1 && _syscallErrno != EINTR) { \
    111             /* TODO: with a format string we could show the arguments too, like strace(1). */ \
    112             throwErrnoException(jni_env, # syscall_name); \
    113             break; \
    114         } \
    115     } while (_rc == -1); /* _syscallErrno == EINTR && !_wasSignaled */ \
    116     _rc; })
    117 
    118 /**
    119  * Used to retry system calls that can be interrupted with a signal. Unlike TEMP_FAILURE_RETRY, this
    120  * also handles the case where AsynchronousCloseMonitor::signalBlockedThreads(fd) is used to signal
    121  * a close() or Thread.interrupt(). Other signals that result in an EINTR result are ignored and the
    122  * system call is retried.
    123  *
    124  * Returns the result of the system call though a Java exception will be pending if the result is
    125  * -1: an IOException if the file descriptor is already closed, a InterruptedIOException if signaled
    126  * via AsynchronousCloseMonitor, or ErrnoException for other failures.
    127  */
    128 #define IO_FAILURE_RETRY(jni_env, return_type, syscall_name, java_fd, ...) ({ \
    129     return_type _rc = -1; \
    130     int _fd = jniGetFDFromFileDescriptor(jni_env, java_fd); \
    131     if (_fd == -1) { \
    132         jniThrowException(jni_env, "java/io/IOException", "File descriptor closed"); \
    133     } else { \
    134         do { \
    135             bool _wasSignaled; \
    136             int _syscallErrno; \
    137             { \
    138                 int _fd = jniGetFDFromFileDescriptor(jni_env, java_fd); \
    139                 AsynchronousCloseMonitor _monitor(_fd); \
    140                 _rc = syscall_name(_fd, __VA_ARGS__); \
    141                 _syscallErrno = errno; \
    142                 _wasSignaled = _monitor.wasSignaled(); \
    143             } \
    144             if (_wasSignaled) { \
    145                 jniThrowException(jni_env, "java/io/InterruptedIOException", # syscall_name " interrupted"); \
    146                 _rc = -1; \
    147                 break; \
    148             } \
    149             if (_rc == -1 && _syscallErrno != EINTR) { \
    150                 /* TODO: with a format string we could show the arguments too, like strace(1). */ \
    151                 throwErrnoException(jni_env, # syscall_name); \
    152                 break; \
    153             } \
    154         } while (_rc == -1); /* && _syscallErrno == EINTR && !_wasSignaled */ \
    155     } \
    156     _rc; })
    157 
    158 static void throwException(JNIEnv* env, jclass exceptionClass, jmethodID ctor3, jmethodID ctor2,
    159         const char* functionName, int error) {
    160     jthrowable cause = NULL;
    161     if (env->ExceptionCheck()) {
    162         cause = env->ExceptionOccurred();
    163         env->ExceptionClear();
    164     }
    165 
    166     ScopedLocalRef<jstring> detailMessage(env, env->NewStringUTF(functionName));
    167     if (detailMessage.get() == NULL) {
    168         // Not really much we can do here. We're probably dead in the water,
    169         // but let's try to stumble on...
    170         env->ExceptionClear();
    171     }
    172 
    173     jobject exception;
    174     if (cause != NULL) {
    175         exception = env->NewObject(exceptionClass, ctor3, detailMessage.get(), error, cause);
    176     } else {
    177         exception = env->NewObject(exceptionClass, ctor2, detailMessage.get(), error);
    178     }
    179     env->Throw(reinterpret_cast<jthrowable>(exception));
    180 }
    181 
    182 static void throwErrnoException(JNIEnv* env, const char* functionName) {
    183     int error = errno;
    184     static jmethodID ctor3 = env->GetMethodID(JniConstants::errnoExceptionClass,
    185             "<init>", "(Ljava/lang/String;ILjava/lang/Throwable;)V");
    186     static jmethodID ctor2 = env->GetMethodID(JniConstants::errnoExceptionClass,
    187             "<init>", "(Ljava/lang/String;I)V");
    188     throwException(env, JniConstants::errnoExceptionClass, ctor3, ctor2, functionName, error);
    189 }
    190 
    191 static void throwGaiException(JNIEnv* env, const char* functionName, int error) {
    192   // Cache the methods ids before we throw, so we don't call GetMethodID with a pending exception.
    193   static jmethodID ctor3 = env->GetMethodID(JniConstants::gaiExceptionClass, "<init>",
    194                                             "(Ljava/lang/String;ILjava/lang/Throwable;)V");
    195   static jmethodID ctor2 = env->GetMethodID(JniConstants::gaiExceptionClass, "<init>",
    196                                             "(Ljava/lang/String;I)V");
    197   if (errno != 0) {
    198         // EAI_SYSTEM should mean "look at errno instead", but both glibc and bionic seem to
    199         // mess this up. In particular, if you don't have INTERNET permission, errno will be EACCES
    200         // but you'll get EAI_NONAME or EAI_NODATA. So we want our GaiException to have a
    201         // potentially-relevant ErrnoException as its cause even if error != EAI_SYSTEM.
    202         // http://code.google.com/p/android/issues/detail?id=15722
    203         throwErrnoException(env, functionName);
    204         // Deliberately fall through to throw another exception...
    205     }
    206     throwException(env, JniConstants::gaiExceptionClass, ctor3, ctor2, functionName, error);
    207 }
    208 
    209 template <typename rc_t>
    210 static rc_t throwIfMinusOne(JNIEnv* env, const char* name, rc_t rc) {
    211     if (rc == rc_t(-1)) {
    212         throwErrnoException(env, name);
    213     }
    214     return rc;
    215 }
    216 
    217 template <typename ScopedT>
    218 class IoVec {
    219 public:
    220     IoVec(JNIEnv* env, size_t bufferCount) : mEnv(env), mBufferCount(bufferCount) {
    221     }
    222 
    223     bool init(jobjectArray javaBuffers, jintArray javaOffsets, jintArray javaByteCounts) {
    224         // We can't delete our local references until after the I/O, so make sure we have room.
    225         if (mEnv->PushLocalFrame(mBufferCount + 16) < 0) {
    226             return false;
    227         }
    228         ScopedIntArrayRO offsets(mEnv, javaOffsets);
    229         if (offsets.get() == NULL) {
    230             return false;
    231         }
    232         ScopedIntArrayRO byteCounts(mEnv, javaByteCounts);
    233         if (byteCounts.get() == NULL) {
    234             return false;
    235         }
    236         // TODO: Linux actually has a 1024 buffer limit. glibc works around this, and we should too.
    237         // TODO: you can query the limit at runtime with sysconf(_SC_IOV_MAX).
    238         for (size_t i = 0; i < mBufferCount; ++i) {
    239             jobject buffer = mEnv->GetObjectArrayElement(javaBuffers, i); // We keep this local ref.
    240             mScopedBuffers.push_back(new ScopedT(mEnv, buffer));
    241             jbyte* ptr = const_cast<jbyte*>(mScopedBuffers.back()->get());
    242             if (ptr == NULL) {
    243                 return false;
    244             }
    245             struct iovec iov;
    246             iov.iov_base = reinterpret_cast<void*>(ptr + offsets[i]);
    247             iov.iov_len = byteCounts[i];
    248             mIoVec.push_back(iov);
    249         }
    250         return true;
    251     }
    252 
    253     ~IoVec() {
    254         for (size_t i = 0; i < mScopedBuffers.size(); ++i) {
    255             delete mScopedBuffers[i];
    256         }
    257         mEnv->PopLocalFrame(NULL);
    258     }
    259 
    260     iovec* get() {
    261         return &mIoVec[0];
    262     }
    263 
    264     size_t size() {
    265         return mBufferCount;
    266     }
    267 
    268 private:
    269     JNIEnv* mEnv;
    270     size_t mBufferCount;
    271     std::vector<iovec> mIoVec;
    272     std::vector<ScopedT*> mScopedBuffers;
    273 };
    274 
    275 static jobject makeSocketAddress(JNIEnv* env, const sockaddr_storage& ss) {
    276     jint port;
    277     jobject inetAddress = sockaddrToInetAddress(env, ss, &port);
    278     if (inetAddress == NULL) {
    279         return NULL;
    280     }
    281     static jmethodID ctor = env->GetMethodID(JniConstants::inetSocketAddressClass, "<init>",
    282             "(Ljava/net/InetAddress;I)V");
    283     return env->NewObject(JniConstants::inetSocketAddressClass, ctor, inetAddress, port);
    284 }
    285 
    286 static jobject makeStructPasswd(JNIEnv* env, const struct passwd& pw) {
    287     TO_JAVA_STRING(pw_name, pw.pw_name);
    288     TO_JAVA_STRING(pw_dir, pw.pw_dir);
    289     TO_JAVA_STRING(pw_shell, pw.pw_shell);
    290     static jmethodID ctor = env->GetMethodID(JniConstants::structPasswdClass, "<init>",
    291             "(Ljava/lang/String;IILjava/lang/String;Ljava/lang/String;)V");
    292     return env->NewObject(JniConstants::structPasswdClass, ctor,
    293             pw_name, static_cast<jint>(pw.pw_uid), static_cast<jint>(pw.pw_gid), pw_dir, pw_shell);
    294 }
    295 
    296 static jobject makeStructStat(JNIEnv* env, const struct stat& sb) {
    297     static jmethodID ctor = env->GetMethodID(JniConstants::structStatClass, "<init>",
    298             "(JJIJIIJJJJJJJ)V");
    299     return env->NewObject(JniConstants::structStatClass, ctor,
    300             static_cast<jlong>(sb.st_dev), static_cast<jlong>(sb.st_ino),
    301             static_cast<jint>(sb.st_mode), static_cast<jlong>(sb.st_nlink),
    302             static_cast<jint>(sb.st_uid), static_cast<jint>(sb.st_gid),
    303             static_cast<jlong>(sb.st_rdev), static_cast<jlong>(sb.st_size),
    304             static_cast<jlong>(sb.st_atime), static_cast<jlong>(sb.st_mtime),
    305             static_cast<jlong>(sb.st_ctime), static_cast<jlong>(sb.st_blksize),
    306             static_cast<jlong>(sb.st_blocks));
    307 }
    308 
    309 static jobject makeStructStatVfs(JNIEnv* env, const struct statvfs& sb) {
    310 #if defined(__APPLE__)
    311     // Mac OS has no f_namelen field in struct statfs.
    312     jlong max_name_length = 255; // __DARWIN_MAXNAMLEN
    313 #else
    314     jlong max_name_length = static_cast<jlong>(sb.f_namemax);
    315 #endif
    316 
    317     static jmethodID ctor = env->GetMethodID(JniConstants::structStatVfsClass, "<init>",
    318             "(JJJJJJJJJJJ)V");
    319     return env->NewObject(JniConstants::structStatVfsClass, ctor,
    320                           static_cast<jlong>(sb.f_bsize),
    321                           static_cast<jlong>(sb.f_frsize),
    322                           static_cast<jlong>(sb.f_blocks),
    323                           static_cast<jlong>(sb.f_bfree),
    324                           static_cast<jlong>(sb.f_bavail),
    325                           static_cast<jlong>(sb.f_files),
    326                           static_cast<jlong>(sb.f_ffree),
    327                           static_cast<jlong>(sb.f_favail),
    328                           static_cast<jlong>(sb.f_fsid),
    329                           static_cast<jlong>(sb.f_flag),
    330                           max_name_length);
    331 }
    332 
    333 static jobject makeStructLinger(JNIEnv* env, const struct linger& l) {
    334     static jmethodID ctor = env->GetMethodID(JniConstants::structLingerClass, "<init>", "(II)V");
    335     return env->NewObject(JniConstants::structLingerClass, ctor, l.l_onoff, l.l_linger);
    336 }
    337 
    338 static jobject makeStructTimeval(JNIEnv* env, const struct timeval& tv) {
    339     static jmethodID ctor = env->GetMethodID(JniConstants::structTimevalClass, "<init>", "(JJ)V");
    340     return env->NewObject(JniConstants::structTimevalClass, ctor,
    341             static_cast<jlong>(tv.tv_sec), static_cast<jlong>(tv.tv_usec));
    342 }
    343 
    344 static jobject makeStructUcred(JNIEnv* env, const struct ucred& u __unused) {
    345 #ifdef __APPLE__
    346   jniThrowException(env, "java/lang/UnsupportedOperationException", "unimplemented support for ucred on a Mac");
    347   return NULL;
    348 #else
    349   static jmethodID ctor = env->GetMethodID(JniConstants::structUcredClass, "<init>", "(III)V");
    350   return env->NewObject(JniConstants::structUcredClass, ctor, u.pid, u.uid, u.gid);
    351 #endif
    352 }
    353 
    354 static jobject makeStructUtsname(JNIEnv* env, const struct utsname& buf) {
    355     TO_JAVA_STRING(sysname, buf.sysname);
    356     TO_JAVA_STRING(nodename, buf.nodename);
    357     TO_JAVA_STRING(release, buf.release);
    358     TO_JAVA_STRING(version, buf.version);
    359     TO_JAVA_STRING(machine, buf.machine);
    360     static jmethodID ctor = env->GetMethodID(JniConstants::structUtsnameClass, "<init>",
    361             "(Ljava/lang/String;Ljava/lang/String;Ljava/lang/String;Ljava/lang/String;Ljava/lang/String;)V");
    362     return env->NewObject(JniConstants::structUtsnameClass, ctor,
    363             sysname, nodename, release, version, machine);
    364 };
    365 
    366 static bool fillIfreq(JNIEnv* env, jstring javaInterfaceName, struct ifreq& req) {
    367     ScopedUtfChars interfaceName(env, javaInterfaceName);
    368     if (interfaceName.c_str() == NULL) {
    369         return false;
    370     }
    371     memset(&req, 0, sizeof(req));
    372     strncpy(req.ifr_name, interfaceName.c_str(), sizeof(req.ifr_name));
    373     req.ifr_name[sizeof(req.ifr_name) - 1] = '\0';
    374     return true;
    375 }
    376 
    377 static bool fillInetSocketAddress(JNIEnv* env, jint rc, jobject javaInetSocketAddress, const sockaddr_storage& ss) {
    378     if (rc == -1 || javaInetSocketAddress == NULL) {
    379         return true;
    380     }
    381     // Fill out the passed-in InetSocketAddress with the sender's IP address and port number.
    382     jint port;
    383     jobject sender = sockaddrToInetAddress(env, ss, &port);
    384     if (sender == NULL) {
    385         return false;
    386     }
    387     static jfieldID addressFid = env->GetFieldID(JniConstants::inetSocketAddressClass, "addr", "Ljava/net/InetAddress;");
    388     static jfieldID portFid = env->GetFieldID(JniConstants::inetSocketAddressClass, "port", "I");
    389     env->SetObjectField(javaInetSocketAddress, addressFid, sender);
    390     env->SetIntField(javaInetSocketAddress, portFid, port);
    391     return true;
    392 }
    393 
    394 static jobject doStat(JNIEnv* env, jstring javaPath, bool isLstat) {
    395     ScopedUtfChars path(env, javaPath);
    396     if (path.c_str() == NULL) {
    397         return NULL;
    398     }
    399     struct stat sb;
    400     int rc = isLstat ? TEMP_FAILURE_RETRY(lstat(path.c_str(), &sb))
    401                      : TEMP_FAILURE_RETRY(stat(path.c_str(), &sb));
    402     if (rc == -1) {
    403         throwErrnoException(env, isLstat ? "lstat" : "stat");
    404         return NULL;
    405     }
    406     return makeStructStat(env, sb);
    407 }
    408 
    409 static jobject doGetSockName(JNIEnv* env, jobject javaFd, bool is_sockname) {
    410   int fd = jniGetFDFromFileDescriptor(env, javaFd);
    411   sockaddr_storage ss;
    412   sockaddr* sa = reinterpret_cast<sockaddr*>(&ss);
    413   socklen_t byteCount = sizeof(ss);
    414   memset(&ss, 0, byteCount);
    415   int rc = is_sockname ? TEMP_FAILURE_RETRY(getsockname(fd, sa, &byteCount))
    416       : TEMP_FAILURE_RETRY(getpeername(fd, sa, &byteCount));
    417   if (rc == -1) {
    418     throwErrnoException(env, is_sockname ? "getsockname" : "getpeername");
    419     return NULL;
    420   }
    421   return makeSocketAddress(env, ss);
    422 }
    423 
    424 class Passwd {
    425 public:
    426     Passwd(JNIEnv* env) : mEnv(env), mResult(NULL) {
    427         mBufferSize = sysconf(_SC_GETPW_R_SIZE_MAX);
    428         mBuffer.reset(new char[mBufferSize]);
    429     }
    430 
    431     jobject getpwnam(const char* name) {
    432         return process("getpwnam_r", getpwnam_r(name, &mPwd, mBuffer.get(), mBufferSize, &mResult));
    433     }
    434 
    435     jobject getpwuid(uid_t uid) {
    436         return process("getpwuid_r", getpwuid_r(uid, &mPwd, mBuffer.get(), mBufferSize, &mResult));
    437     }
    438 
    439     struct passwd* get() {
    440         return mResult;
    441     }
    442 
    443 private:
    444     jobject process(const char* syscall, int error) {
    445         if (mResult == NULL) {
    446             errno = error;
    447             throwErrnoException(mEnv, syscall);
    448             return NULL;
    449         }
    450         return makeStructPasswd(mEnv, *mResult);
    451     }
    452 
    453     JNIEnv* mEnv;
    454     UniquePtr<char[]> mBuffer;
    455     size_t mBufferSize;
    456     struct passwd mPwd;
    457     struct passwd* mResult;
    458 };
    459 
    460 static jobject Posix_accept(JNIEnv* env, jobject, jobject javaFd, jobject javaInetSocketAddress) {
    461     sockaddr_storage ss;
    462     socklen_t sl = sizeof(ss);
    463     memset(&ss, 0, sizeof(ss));
    464     sockaddr* peer = (javaInetSocketAddress != NULL) ? reinterpret_cast<sockaddr*>(&ss) : NULL;
    465     socklen_t* peerLength = (javaInetSocketAddress != NULL) ? &sl : 0;
    466     jint clientFd = NET_FAILURE_RETRY(env, int, accept, javaFd, peer, peerLength);
    467     if (clientFd == -1 || !fillInetSocketAddress(env, clientFd, javaInetSocketAddress, ss)) {
    468         close(clientFd);
    469         return NULL;
    470     }
    471     return (clientFd != -1) ? jniCreateFileDescriptor(env, clientFd) : NULL;
    472 }
    473 
    474 static jboolean Posix_access(JNIEnv* env, jobject, jstring javaPath, jint mode) {
    475     ScopedUtfChars path(env, javaPath);
    476     if (path.c_str() == NULL) {
    477         return JNI_FALSE;
    478     }
    479     int rc = TEMP_FAILURE_RETRY(access(path.c_str(), mode));
    480     if (rc == -1) {
    481         throwErrnoException(env, "access");
    482     }
    483     return (rc == 0);
    484 }
    485 
    486 static void Posix_bind(JNIEnv* env, jobject, jobject javaFd, jobject javaAddress, jint port) {
    487     sockaddr_storage ss;
    488     socklen_t sa_len;
    489     if (!inetAddressToSockaddr(env, javaAddress, port, ss, sa_len)) {
    490         return;
    491     }
    492     const sockaddr* sa = reinterpret_cast<const sockaddr*>(&ss);
    493     // We don't need the return value because we'll already have thrown.
    494     (void) NET_FAILURE_RETRY(env, int, bind, javaFd, sa, sa_len);
    495 }
    496 
    497 static void Posix_chmod(JNIEnv* env, jobject, jstring javaPath, jint mode) {
    498     ScopedUtfChars path(env, javaPath);
    499     if (path.c_str() == NULL) {
    500         return;
    501     }
    502     throwIfMinusOne(env, "chmod", TEMP_FAILURE_RETRY(chmod(path.c_str(), mode)));
    503 }
    504 
    505 static void Posix_chown(JNIEnv* env, jobject, jstring javaPath, jint uid, jint gid) {
    506     ScopedUtfChars path(env, javaPath);
    507     if (path.c_str() == NULL) {
    508         return;
    509     }
    510     throwIfMinusOne(env, "chown", TEMP_FAILURE_RETRY(chown(path.c_str(), uid, gid)));
    511 }
    512 
    513 static void Posix_close(JNIEnv* env, jobject, jobject javaFd) {
    514     // Get the FileDescriptor's 'fd' field and clear it.
    515     // We need to do this before we can throw an IOException (http://b/3222087).
    516     int fd = jniGetFDFromFileDescriptor(env, javaFd);
    517     jniSetFileDescriptorOfFD(env, javaFd, -1);
    518 
    519     // Even if close(2) fails with EINTR, the fd will have been closed.
    520     // Using TEMP_FAILURE_RETRY will either lead to EBADF or closing someone else's fd.
    521     // http://lkml.indiana.edu/hypermail/linux/kernel/0509.1/0877.html
    522     throwIfMinusOne(env, "close", close(fd));
    523 }
    524 
    525 static void Posix_connect(JNIEnv* env, jobject, jobject javaFd, jobject javaAddress, jint port) {
    526     sockaddr_storage ss;
    527     socklen_t sa_len;
    528     if (!inetAddressToSockaddr(env, javaAddress, port, ss, sa_len)) {
    529         return;
    530     }
    531     const sockaddr* sa = reinterpret_cast<const sockaddr*>(&ss);
    532     // We don't need the return value because we'll already have thrown.
    533     (void) NET_FAILURE_RETRY(env, int, connect, javaFd, sa, sa_len);
    534 }
    535 
    536 static jobject Posix_dup(JNIEnv* env, jobject, jobject javaOldFd) {
    537     int oldFd = jniGetFDFromFileDescriptor(env, javaOldFd);
    538     int newFd = throwIfMinusOne(env, "dup", TEMP_FAILURE_RETRY(dup(oldFd)));
    539     return (newFd != -1) ? jniCreateFileDescriptor(env, newFd) : NULL;
    540 }
    541 
    542 static jobject Posix_dup2(JNIEnv* env, jobject, jobject javaOldFd, jint newFd) {
    543     int oldFd = jniGetFDFromFileDescriptor(env, javaOldFd);
    544     int fd = throwIfMinusOne(env, "dup2", TEMP_FAILURE_RETRY(dup2(oldFd, newFd)));
    545     return (fd != -1) ? jniCreateFileDescriptor(env, fd) : NULL;
    546 }
    547 
    548 static jobjectArray Posix_environ(JNIEnv* env, jobject) {
    549     extern char** environ; // Standard, but not in any header file.
    550     return toStringArray(env, environ);
    551 }
    552 
    553 static void Posix_execve(JNIEnv* env, jobject, jstring javaFilename, jobjectArray javaArgv, jobjectArray javaEnvp) {
    554     ScopedUtfChars path(env, javaFilename);
    555     if (path.c_str() == NULL) {
    556         return;
    557     }
    558 
    559     ExecStrings argv(env, javaArgv);
    560     ExecStrings envp(env, javaEnvp);
    561     execve(path.c_str(), argv.get(), envp.get());
    562 
    563     throwErrnoException(env, "execve");
    564 }
    565 
    566 static void Posix_execv(JNIEnv* env, jobject, jstring javaFilename, jobjectArray javaArgv) {
    567     ScopedUtfChars path(env, javaFilename);
    568     if (path.c_str() == NULL) {
    569         return;
    570     }
    571 
    572     ExecStrings argv(env, javaArgv);
    573     execv(path.c_str(), argv.get());
    574 
    575     throwErrnoException(env, "execv");
    576 }
    577 
    578 static void Posix_fchmod(JNIEnv* env, jobject, jobject javaFd, jint mode) {
    579     int fd = jniGetFDFromFileDescriptor(env, javaFd);
    580     throwIfMinusOne(env, "fchmod", TEMP_FAILURE_RETRY(fchmod(fd, mode)));
    581 }
    582 
    583 static void Posix_fchown(JNIEnv* env, jobject, jobject javaFd, jint uid, jint gid) {
    584     int fd = jniGetFDFromFileDescriptor(env, javaFd);
    585     throwIfMinusOne(env, "fchown", TEMP_FAILURE_RETRY(fchown(fd, uid, gid)));
    586 }
    587 
    588 static jint Posix_fcntlVoid(JNIEnv* env, jobject, jobject javaFd, jint cmd) {
    589     int fd = jniGetFDFromFileDescriptor(env, javaFd);
    590     return throwIfMinusOne(env, "fcntl", TEMP_FAILURE_RETRY(fcntl(fd, cmd)));
    591 }
    592 
    593 static jint Posix_fcntlLong(JNIEnv* env, jobject, jobject javaFd, jint cmd, jlong arg) {
    594     int fd = jniGetFDFromFileDescriptor(env, javaFd);
    595     return throwIfMinusOne(env, "fcntl", TEMP_FAILURE_RETRY(fcntl(fd, cmd, arg)));
    596 }
    597 
    598 static jint Posix_fcntlFlock(JNIEnv* env, jobject, jobject javaFd, jint cmd, jobject javaFlock) {
    599     static jfieldID typeFid = env->GetFieldID(JniConstants::structFlockClass, "l_type", "S");
    600     static jfieldID whenceFid = env->GetFieldID(JniConstants::structFlockClass, "l_whence", "S");
    601     static jfieldID startFid = env->GetFieldID(JniConstants::structFlockClass, "l_start", "J");
    602     static jfieldID lenFid = env->GetFieldID(JniConstants::structFlockClass, "l_len", "J");
    603     static jfieldID pidFid = env->GetFieldID(JniConstants::structFlockClass, "l_pid", "I");
    604 
    605     struct flock64 lock;
    606     memset(&lock, 0, sizeof(lock));
    607     lock.l_type = env->GetShortField(javaFlock, typeFid);
    608     lock.l_whence = env->GetShortField(javaFlock, whenceFid);
    609     lock.l_start = env->GetLongField(javaFlock, startFid);
    610     lock.l_len = env->GetLongField(javaFlock, lenFid);
    611     lock.l_pid = env->GetIntField(javaFlock, pidFid);
    612 
    613     int rc = IO_FAILURE_RETRY(env, int, fcntl, javaFd, cmd, &lock);
    614     if (rc != -1) {
    615         env->SetShortField(javaFlock, typeFid, lock.l_type);
    616         env->SetShortField(javaFlock, whenceFid, lock.l_whence);
    617         env->SetLongField(javaFlock, startFid, lock.l_start);
    618         env->SetLongField(javaFlock, lenFid, lock.l_len);
    619         env->SetIntField(javaFlock, pidFid, lock.l_pid);
    620     }
    621     return rc;
    622 }
    623 
    624 static void Posix_fdatasync(JNIEnv* env, jobject, jobject javaFd) {
    625     int fd = jniGetFDFromFileDescriptor(env, javaFd);
    626     throwIfMinusOne(env, "fdatasync", TEMP_FAILURE_RETRY(fdatasync(fd)));
    627 }
    628 
    629 static jobject Posix_fstat(JNIEnv* env, jobject, jobject javaFd) {
    630     int fd = jniGetFDFromFileDescriptor(env, javaFd);
    631     struct stat sb;
    632     int rc = TEMP_FAILURE_RETRY(fstat(fd, &sb));
    633     if (rc == -1) {
    634         throwErrnoException(env, "fstat");
    635         return NULL;
    636     }
    637     return makeStructStat(env, sb);
    638 }
    639 
    640 static jobject Posix_fstatvfs(JNIEnv* env, jobject, jobject javaFd) {
    641     int fd = jniGetFDFromFileDescriptor(env, javaFd);
    642     struct statvfs sb;
    643     int rc = TEMP_FAILURE_RETRY(fstatvfs(fd, &sb));
    644     if (rc == -1) {
    645         throwErrnoException(env, "fstatvfs");
    646         return NULL;
    647     }
    648     return makeStructStatVfs(env, sb);
    649 }
    650 
    651 static void Posix_fsync(JNIEnv* env, jobject, jobject javaFd) {
    652     int fd = jniGetFDFromFileDescriptor(env, javaFd);
    653     throwIfMinusOne(env, "fsync", TEMP_FAILURE_RETRY(fsync(fd)));
    654 }
    655 
    656 static void Posix_ftruncate(JNIEnv* env, jobject, jobject javaFd, jlong length) {
    657     int fd = jniGetFDFromFileDescriptor(env, javaFd);
    658     throwIfMinusOne(env, "ftruncate", TEMP_FAILURE_RETRY(ftruncate64(fd, length)));
    659 }
    660 
    661 static jstring Posix_gai_strerror(JNIEnv* env, jobject, jint error) {
    662     return env->NewStringUTF(gai_strerror(error));
    663 }
    664 
    665 static jobjectArray Posix_android_getaddrinfo(JNIEnv* env, jobject, jstring javaNode,
    666         jobject javaHints, jint netId) {
    667     ScopedUtfChars node(env, javaNode);
    668     if (node.c_str() == NULL) {
    669         return NULL;
    670     }
    671 
    672     static jfieldID flagsFid = env->GetFieldID(JniConstants::structAddrinfoClass, "ai_flags", "I");
    673     static jfieldID familyFid = env->GetFieldID(JniConstants::structAddrinfoClass, "ai_family", "I");
    674     static jfieldID socktypeFid = env->GetFieldID(JniConstants::structAddrinfoClass, "ai_socktype", "I");
    675     static jfieldID protocolFid = env->GetFieldID(JniConstants::structAddrinfoClass, "ai_protocol", "I");
    676 
    677     addrinfo hints;
    678     memset(&hints, 0, sizeof(hints));
    679     hints.ai_flags = env->GetIntField(javaHints, flagsFid);
    680     hints.ai_family = env->GetIntField(javaHints, familyFid);
    681     hints.ai_socktype = env->GetIntField(javaHints, socktypeFid);
    682     hints.ai_protocol = env->GetIntField(javaHints, protocolFid);
    683 
    684     addrinfo* addressList = NULL;
    685     errno = 0;
    686     int rc = android_getaddrinfofornet(node.c_str(), NULL, &hints, netId, 0, &addressList);
    687     UniquePtr<addrinfo, addrinfo_deleter> addressListDeleter(addressList);
    688     if (rc != 0) {
    689         throwGaiException(env, "android_getaddrinfo", rc);
    690         return NULL;
    691     }
    692 
    693     // Count results so we know how to size the output array.
    694     int addressCount = 0;
    695     for (addrinfo* ai = addressList; ai != NULL; ai = ai->ai_next) {
    696         if (ai->ai_family == AF_INET || ai->ai_family == AF_INET6) {
    697             ++addressCount;
    698         } else {
    699             ALOGE("android_getaddrinfo unexpected ai_family %i", ai->ai_family);
    700         }
    701     }
    702     if (addressCount == 0) {
    703         return NULL;
    704     }
    705 
    706     // Prepare output array.
    707     jobjectArray result = env->NewObjectArray(addressCount, JniConstants::inetAddressClass, NULL);
    708     if (result == NULL) {
    709         return NULL;
    710     }
    711 
    712     // Examine returned addresses one by one, save them in the output array.
    713     int index = 0;
    714     for (addrinfo* ai = addressList; ai != NULL; ai = ai->ai_next) {
    715         if (ai->ai_family != AF_INET && ai->ai_family != AF_INET6) {
    716             // Unknown address family. Skip this address.
    717             ALOGE("android_getaddrinfo unexpected ai_family %i", ai->ai_family);
    718             continue;
    719         }
    720 
    721         // Convert each IP address into a Java byte array.
    722         sockaddr_storage& address = *reinterpret_cast<sockaddr_storage*>(ai->ai_addr);
    723         ScopedLocalRef<jobject> inetAddress(env, sockaddrToInetAddress(env, address, NULL));
    724         if (inetAddress.get() == NULL) {
    725             return NULL;
    726         }
    727         env->SetObjectArrayElement(result, index, inetAddress.get());
    728         ++index;
    729     }
    730     return result;
    731 }
    732 
    733 static jint Posix_getegid(JNIEnv*, jobject) {
    734     return getegid();
    735 }
    736 
    737 static jint Posix_geteuid(JNIEnv*, jobject) {
    738     return geteuid();
    739 }
    740 
    741 static jint Posix_getgid(JNIEnv*, jobject) {
    742     return getgid();
    743 }
    744 
    745 static jstring Posix_getenv(JNIEnv* env, jobject, jstring javaName) {
    746     ScopedUtfChars name(env, javaName);
    747     if (name.c_str() == NULL) {
    748         return NULL;
    749     }
    750     return env->NewStringUTF(getenv(name.c_str()));
    751 }
    752 
    753 static jstring Posix_getnameinfo(JNIEnv* env, jobject, jobject javaAddress, jint flags) {
    754     sockaddr_storage ss;
    755     socklen_t sa_len;
    756     if (!inetAddressToSockaddrVerbatim(env, javaAddress, 0, ss, sa_len)) {
    757         return NULL;
    758     }
    759     char buf[NI_MAXHOST]; // NI_MAXHOST is longer than INET6_ADDRSTRLEN.
    760     errno = 0;
    761     int rc = getnameinfo(reinterpret_cast<sockaddr*>(&ss), sa_len, buf, sizeof(buf), NULL, 0, flags);
    762     if (rc != 0) {
    763         throwGaiException(env, "getnameinfo", rc);
    764         return NULL;
    765     }
    766     return env->NewStringUTF(buf);
    767 }
    768 
    769 static jobject Posix_getpeername(JNIEnv* env, jobject, jobject javaFd) {
    770   return doGetSockName(env, javaFd, false);
    771 }
    772 
    773 static jint Posix_getpid(JNIEnv*, jobject) {
    774     return getpid();
    775 }
    776 
    777 static jint Posix_getppid(JNIEnv*, jobject) {
    778     return getppid();
    779 }
    780 
    781 static jobject Posix_getpwnam(JNIEnv* env, jobject, jstring javaName) {
    782     ScopedUtfChars name(env, javaName);
    783     if (name.c_str() == NULL) {
    784         return NULL;
    785     }
    786     return Passwd(env).getpwnam(name.c_str());
    787 }
    788 
    789 static jobject Posix_getpwuid(JNIEnv* env, jobject, jint uid) {
    790     return Passwd(env).getpwuid(uid);
    791 }
    792 
    793 static jobject Posix_getsockname(JNIEnv* env, jobject, jobject javaFd) {
    794   return doGetSockName(env, javaFd, true);
    795 }
    796 
    797 static jint Posix_getsockoptByte(JNIEnv* env, jobject, jobject javaFd, jint level, jint option) {
    798     int fd = jniGetFDFromFileDescriptor(env, javaFd);
    799     u_char result = 0;
    800     socklen_t size = sizeof(result);
    801     throwIfMinusOne(env, "getsockopt", TEMP_FAILURE_RETRY(getsockopt(fd, level, option, &result, &size)));
    802     return result;
    803 }
    804 
    805 static jobject Posix_getsockoptInAddr(JNIEnv* env, jobject, jobject javaFd, jint level, jint option) {
    806     int fd = jniGetFDFromFileDescriptor(env, javaFd);
    807     sockaddr_storage ss;
    808     memset(&ss, 0, sizeof(ss));
    809     ss.ss_family = AF_INET; // This is only for the IPv4-only IP_MULTICAST_IF.
    810     sockaddr_in* sa = reinterpret_cast<sockaddr_in*>(&ss);
    811     socklen_t size = sizeof(sa->sin_addr);
    812     int rc = TEMP_FAILURE_RETRY(getsockopt(fd, level, option, &sa->sin_addr, &size));
    813     if (rc == -1) {
    814         throwErrnoException(env, "getsockopt");
    815         return NULL;
    816     }
    817     return sockaddrToInetAddress(env, ss, NULL);
    818 }
    819 
    820 static jint Posix_getsockoptInt(JNIEnv* env, jobject, jobject javaFd, jint level, jint option) {
    821     int fd = jniGetFDFromFileDescriptor(env, javaFd);
    822     jint result = 0;
    823     socklen_t size = sizeof(result);
    824     throwIfMinusOne(env, "getsockopt", TEMP_FAILURE_RETRY(getsockopt(fd, level, option, &result, &size)));
    825     return result;
    826 }
    827 
    828 static jobject Posix_getsockoptLinger(JNIEnv* env, jobject, jobject javaFd, jint level, jint option) {
    829     int fd = jniGetFDFromFileDescriptor(env, javaFd);
    830     struct linger l;
    831     socklen_t size = sizeof(l);
    832     memset(&l, 0, size);
    833     int rc = TEMP_FAILURE_RETRY(getsockopt(fd, level, option, &l, &size));
    834     if (rc == -1) {
    835         throwErrnoException(env, "getsockopt");
    836         return NULL;
    837     }
    838     return makeStructLinger(env, l);
    839 }
    840 
    841 static jobject Posix_getsockoptTimeval(JNIEnv* env, jobject, jobject javaFd, jint level, jint option) {
    842     int fd = jniGetFDFromFileDescriptor(env, javaFd);
    843     struct timeval tv;
    844     socklen_t size = sizeof(tv);
    845     memset(&tv, 0, size);
    846     int rc = TEMP_FAILURE_RETRY(getsockopt(fd, level, option, &tv, &size));
    847     if (rc == -1) {
    848         throwErrnoException(env, "getsockopt");
    849         return NULL;
    850     }
    851     return makeStructTimeval(env, tv);
    852 }
    853 
    854 static jobject Posix_getsockoptUcred(JNIEnv* env, jobject, jobject javaFd, jint level, jint option) {
    855   int fd = jniGetFDFromFileDescriptor(env, javaFd);
    856   struct ucred u;
    857   socklen_t size = sizeof(u);
    858   memset(&u, 0, size);
    859   int rc = TEMP_FAILURE_RETRY(getsockopt(fd, level, option, &u, &size));
    860   if (rc == -1) {
    861     throwErrnoException(env, "getsockopt");
    862     return NULL;
    863   }
    864   return makeStructUcred(env, u);
    865 }
    866 
    867 static jint Posix_gettid(JNIEnv* env __unused, jobject) {
    868 #if defined(__APPLE__)
    869   uint64_t owner;
    870   int rc = pthread_threadid_np(NULL, &owner);  // Requires Mac OS 10.6
    871   if (rc != 0) {
    872     throwErrnoException(env, "gettid");
    873     return 0;
    874   }
    875   return static_cast<jint>(owner);
    876 #else
    877   // Neither bionic nor glibc exposes gettid(2).
    878   return syscall(__NR_gettid);
    879 #endif
    880 }
    881 
    882 static jint Posix_getuid(JNIEnv*, jobject) {
    883     return getuid();
    884 }
    885 
    886 static jstring Posix_if_indextoname(JNIEnv* env, jobject, jint index) {
    887     char buf[IF_NAMESIZE];
    888     char* name = if_indextoname(index, buf);
    889     // if_indextoname(3) returns NULL on failure, which will come out of NewStringUTF unscathed.
    890     // There's no useful information in errno, so we don't bother throwing. Callers can null-check.
    891     return env->NewStringUTF(name);
    892 }
    893 
    894 static jobject Posix_inet_pton(JNIEnv* env, jobject, jint family, jstring javaName) {
    895     ScopedUtfChars name(env, javaName);
    896     if (name.c_str() == NULL) {
    897         return NULL;
    898     }
    899     sockaddr_storage ss;
    900     memset(&ss, 0, sizeof(ss));
    901     // sockaddr_in and sockaddr_in6 are at the same address, so we can use either here.
    902     void* dst = &reinterpret_cast<sockaddr_in*>(&ss)->sin_addr;
    903     if (inet_pton(family, name.c_str(), dst) != 1) {
    904         return NULL;
    905     }
    906     ss.ss_family = family;
    907     return sockaddrToInetAddress(env, ss, NULL);
    908 }
    909 
    910 static jobject Posix_ioctlInetAddress(JNIEnv* env, jobject, jobject javaFd, jint cmd, jstring javaInterfaceName) {
    911     struct ifreq req;
    912     if (!fillIfreq(env, javaInterfaceName, req)) {
    913         return NULL;
    914     }
    915     int fd = jniGetFDFromFileDescriptor(env, javaFd);
    916     int rc = throwIfMinusOne(env, "ioctl", TEMP_FAILURE_RETRY(ioctl(fd, cmd, &req)));
    917     if (rc == -1) {
    918         return NULL;
    919     }
    920     return sockaddrToInetAddress(env, reinterpret_cast<sockaddr_storage&>(req.ifr_addr), NULL);
    921 }
    922 
    923 static jint Posix_ioctlInt(JNIEnv* env, jobject, jobject javaFd, jint cmd, jobject javaArg) {
    924     // This is complicated because ioctls may return their result by updating their argument
    925     // or via their return value, so we need to support both.
    926     int fd = jniGetFDFromFileDescriptor(env, javaFd);
    927     static jfieldID valueFid = env->GetFieldID(JniConstants::mutableIntClass, "value", "I");
    928     jint arg = env->GetIntField(javaArg, valueFid);
    929     int rc = throwIfMinusOne(env, "ioctl", TEMP_FAILURE_RETRY(ioctl(fd, cmd, &arg)));
    930     if (!env->ExceptionCheck()) {
    931         env->SetIntField(javaArg, valueFid, arg);
    932     }
    933     return rc;
    934 }
    935 
    936 static jboolean Posix_isatty(JNIEnv* env, jobject, jobject javaFd) {
    937     int fd = jniGetFDFromFileDescriptor(env, javaFd);
    938     return TEMP_FAILURE_RETRY(isatty(fd)) == 1;
    939 }
    940 
    941 static void Posix_kill(JNIEnv* env, jobject, jint pid, jint sig) {
    942     throwIfMinusOne(env, "kill", TEMP_FAILURE_RETRY(kill(pid, sig)));
    943 }
    944 
    945 static void Posix_lchown(JNIEnv* env, jobject, jstring javaPath, jint uid, jint gid) {
    946     ScopedUtfChars path(env, javaPath);
    947     if (path.c_str() == NULL) {
    948         return;
    949     }
    950     throwIfMinusOne(env, "lchown", TEMP_FAILURE_RETRY(lchown(path.c_str(), uid, gid)));
    951 }
    952 
    953 static void Posix_link(JNIEnv* env, jobject, jstring javaOldPath, jstring javaNewPath) {
    954     ScopedUtfChars oldPath(env, javaOldPath);
    955     if (oldPath.c_str() == NULL) {
    956         return;
    957     }
    958     ScopedUtfChars newPath(env, javaNewPath);
    959     if (newPath.c_str() == NULL) {
    960         return;
    961     }
    962     throwIfMinusOne(env, "link", TEMP_FAILURE_RETRY(link(oldPath.c_str(), newPath.c_str())));
    963 }
    964 
    965 static void Posix_listen(JNIEnv* env, jobject, jobject javaFd, jint backlog) {
    966     int fd = jniGetFDFromFileDescriptor(env, javaFd);
    967     throwIfMinusOne(env, "listen", TEMP_FAILURE_RETRY(listen(fd, backlog)));
    968 }
    969 
    970 static jlong Posix_lseek(JNIEnv* env, jobject, jobject javaFd, jlong offset, jint whence) {
    971     int fd = jniGetFDFromFileDescriptor(env, javaFd);
    972     return throwIfMinusOne(env, "lseek", TEMP_FAILURE_RETRY(lseek64(fd, offset, whence)));
    973 }
    974 
    975 static jobject Posix_lstat(JNIEnv* env, jobject, jstring javaPath) {
    976     return doStat(env, javaPath, true);
    977 }
    978 
    979 static void Posix_mincore(JNIEnv* env, jobject, jlong address, jlong byteCount, jbyteArray javaVector) {
    980     ScopedByteArrayRW vector(env, javaVector);
    981     if (vector.get() == NULL) {
    982         return;
    983     }
    984     void* ptr = reinterpret_cast<void*>(static_cast<uintptr_t>(address));
    985     unsigned char* vec = reinterpret_cast<unsigned char*>(vector.get());
    986     throwIfMinusOne(env, "mincore", TEMP_FAILURE_RETRY(mincore(ptr, byteCount, vec)));
    987 }
    988 
    989 static void Posix_mkdir(JNIEnv* env, jobject, jstring javaPath, jint mode) {
    990     ScopedUtfChars path(env, javaPath);
    991     if (path.c_str() == NULL) {
    992         return;
    993     }
    994     throwIfMinusOne(env, "mkdir", TEMP_FAILURE_RETRY(mkdir(path.c_str(), mode)));
    995 }
    996 
    997 static void Posix_mkfifo(JNIEnv* env, jobject, jstring javaPath, jint mode) {
    998     ScopedUtfChars path(env, javaPath);
    999     if (path.c_str() == NULL) {
   1000         return;
   1001     }
   1002     throwIfMinusOne(env, "mkfifo", TEMP_FAILURE_RETRY(mkfifo(path.c_str(), mode)));
   1003 }
   1004 
   1005 static void Posix_mlock(JNIEnv* env, jobject, jlong address, jlong byteCount) {
   1006     void* ptr = reinterpret_cast<void*>(static_cast<uintptr_t>(address));
   1007     throwIfMinusOne(env, "mlock", TEMP_FAILURE_RETRY(mlock(ptr, byteCount)));
   1008 }
   1009 
   1010 static jlong Posix_mmap(JNIEnv* env, jobject, jlong address, jlong byteCount, jint prot, jint flags, jobject javaFd, jlong offset) {
   1011     int fd = jniGetFDFromFileDescriptor(env, javaFd);
   1012     void* suggestedPtr = reinterpret_cast<void*>(static_cast<uintptr_t>(address));
   1013     void* ptr = mmap(suggestedPtr, byteCount, prot, flags, fd, offset);
   1014     if (ptr == MAP_FAILED) {
   1015         throwErrnoException(env, "mmap");
   1016     }
   1017     return static_cast<jlong>(reinterpret_cast<uintptr_t>(ptr));
   1018 }
   1019 
   1020 static void Posix_msync(JNIEnv* env, jobject, jlong address, jlong byteCount, jint flags) {
   1021     void* ptr = reinterpret_cast<void*>(static_cast<uintptr_t>(address));
   1022     throwIfMinusOne(env, "msync", TEMP_FAILURE_RETRY(msync(ptr, byteCount, flags)));
   1023 }
   1024 
   1025 static void Posix_munlock(JNIEnv* env, jobject, jlong address, jlong byteCount) {
   1026     void* ptr = reinterpret_cast<void*>(static_cast<uintptr_t>(address));
   1027     throwIfMinusOne(env, "munlock", TEMP_FAILURE_RETRY(munlock(ptr, byteCount)));
   1028 }
   1029 
   1030 static void Posix_munmap(JNIEnv* env, jobject, jlong address, jlong byteCount) {
   1031     void* ptr = reinterpret_cast<void*>(static_cast<uintptr_t>(address));
   1032     throwIfMinusOne(env, "munmap", TEMP_FAILURE_RETRY(munmap(ptr, byteCount)));
   1033 }
   1034 
   1035 static jobject Posix_open(JNIEnv* env, jobject, jstring javaPath, jint flags, jint mode) {
   1036     ScopedUtfChars path(env, javaPath);
   1037     if (path.c_str() == NULL) {
   1038         return NULL;
   1039     }
   1040     int fd = throwIfMinusOne(env, "open", TEMP_FAILURE_RETRY(open(path.c_str(), flags, mode)));
   1041     return fd != -1 ? jniCreateFileDescriptor(env, fd) : NULL;
   1042 }
   1043 
   1044 static jobjectArray Posix_pipe(JNIEnv* env, jobject) {
   1045     int fds[2];
   1046     throwIfMinusOne(env, "pipe", TEMP_FAILURE_RETRY(pipe(&fds[0])));
   1047     jobjectArray result = env->NewObjectArray(2, JniConstants::fileDescriptorClass, NULL);
   1048     if (result == NULL) {
   1049         return NULL;
   1050     }
   1051     for (int i = 0; i < 2; ++i) {
   1052         ScopedLocalRef<jobject> fd(env, jniCreateFileDescriptor(env, fds[i]));
   1053         if (fd.get() == NULL) {
   1054             return NULL;
   1055         }
   1056         env->SetObjectArrayElement(result, i, fd.get());
   1057         if (env->ExceptionCheck()) {
   1058             return NULL;
   1059         }
   1060     }
   1061     return result;
   1062 }
   1063 
   1064 static jint Posix_poll(JNIEnv* env, jobject, jobjectArray javaStructs, jint timeoutMs) {
   1065     static jfieldID fdFid = env->GetFieldID(JniConstants::structPollfdClass, "fd", "Ljava/io/FileDescriptor;");
   1066     static jfieldID eventsFid = env->GetFieldID(JniConstants::structPollfdClass, "events", "S");
   1067     static jfieldID reventsFid = env->GetFieldID(JniConstants::structPollfdClass, "revents", "S");
   1068 
   1069     // Turn the Java android.system.StructPollfd[] into a C++ struct pollfd[].
   1070     size_t arrayLength = env->GetArrayLength(javaStructs);
   1071     UniquePtr<struct pollfd[]> fds(new struct pollfd[arrayLength]);
   1072     memset(fds.get(), 0, sizeof(struct pollfd) * arrayLength);
   1073     size_t count = 0; // Some trailing array elements may be irrelevant. (See below.)
   1074     for (size_t i = 0; i < arrayLength; ++i) {
   1075         ScopedLocalRef<jobject> javaStruct(env, env->GetObjectArrayElement(javaStructs, i));
   1076         if (javaStruct.get() == NULL) {
   1077             break; // We allow trailing nulls in the array for caller convenience.
   1078         }
   1079         ScopedLocalRef<jobject> javaFd(env, env->GetObjectField(javaStruct.get(), fdFid));
   1080         if (javaFd.get() == NULL) {
   1081             break; // We also allow callers to just clear the fd field (this is what Selector does).
   1082         }
   1083         fds[count].fd = jniGetFDFromFileDescriptor(env, javaFd.get());
   1084         fds[count].events = env->GetShortField(javaStruct.get(), eventsFid);
   1085         ++count;
   1086     }
   1087 
   1088     std::vector<AsynchronousCloseMonitor*> monitors;
   1089     for (size_t i = 0; i < count; ++i) {
   1090         monitors.push_back(new AsynchronousCloseMonitor(fds[i].fd));
   1091     }
   1092     int rc = poll(fds.get(), count, timeoutMs);
   1093     for (size_t i = 0; i < monitors.size(); ++i) {
   1094         delete monitors[i];
   1095     }
   1096     if (rc == -1) {
   1097         throwErrnoException(env, "poll");
   1098         return -1;
   1099     }
   1100 
   1101     // Update the revents fields in the Java android.system.StructPollfd[].
   1102     for (size_t i = 0; i < count; ++i) {
   1103         ScopedLocalRef<jobject> javaStruct(env, env->GetObjectArrayElement(javaStructs, i));
   1104         if (javaStruct.get() == NULL) {
   1105             return -1;
   1106         }
   1107         env->SetShortField(javaStruct.get(), reventsFid, fds[i].revents);
   1108     }
   1109     return rc;
   1110 }
   1111 
   1112 static void Posix_posix_fallocate(JNIEnv* env, jobject, jobject javaFd __unused,
   1113                                   jlong offset __unused, jlong length __unused) {
   1114 #ifdef __APPLE__
   1115     jniThrowException(env, "java/lang/UnsupportedOperationException",
   1116                       "fallocate doesn't exist on a Mac");
   1117 #else
   1118     int fd = jniGetFDFromFileDescriptor(env, javaFd);
   1119     errno = TEMP_FAILURE_RETRY(posix_fallocate64(fd, offset, length));
   1120     if (errno != 0) {
   1121         throwErrnoException(env, "posix_fallocate");
   1122     }
   1123 #endif
   1124 }
   1125 
   1126 static jint Posix_prctl(JNIEnv* env, jobject, jint option __unused, jlong arg2 __unused,
   1127                         jlong arg3 __unused, jlong arg4 __unused, jlong arg5 __unused) {
   1128 #ifdef __APPLE__
   1129     jniThrowException(env, "java/lang/UnsupportedOperationException", "prctl doesn't exist on a Mac");
   1130     return 0;
   1131 #else
   1132     int result = prctl(static_cast<int>(option),
   1133                        static_cast<unsigned long>(arg2), static_cast<unsigned long>(arg3),
   1134                        static_cast<unsigned long>(arg4), static_cast<unsigned long>(arg5));
   1135     return throwIfMinusOne(env, "prctl", result);
   1136 #endif
   1137 }
   1138 
   1139 static jint Posix_preadBytes(JNIEnv* env, jobject, jobject javaFd, jobject javaBytes, jint byteOffset, jint byteCount, jlong offset) {
   1140     ScopedBytesRW bytes(env, javaBytes);
   1141     if (bytes.get() == NULL) {
   1142         return -1;
   1143     }
   1144     return IO_FAILURE_RETRY(env, ssize_t, pread64, javaFd, bytes.get() + byteOffset, byteCount, offset);
   1145 }
   1146 
   1147 static jint Posix_pwriteBytes(JNIEnv* env, jobject, jobject javaFd, jbyteArray javaBytes, jint byteOffset, jint byteCount, jlong offset) {
   1148     ScopedBytesRO bytes(env, javaBytes);
   1149     if (bytes.get() == NULL) {
   1150         return -1;
   1151     }
   1152     return IO_FAILURE_RETRY(env, ssize_t, pwrite64, javaFd, bytes.get() + byteOffset, byteCount, offset);
   1153 }
   1154 
   1155 static jint Posix_readBytes(JNIEnv* env, jobject, jobject javaFd, jobject javaBytes, jint byteOffset, jint byteCount) {
   1156     ScopedBytesRW bytes(env, javaBytes);
   1157     if (bytes.get() == NULL) {
   1158         return -1;
   1159     }
   1160     return IO_FAILURE_RETRY(env, ssize_t, read, javaFd, bytes.get() + byteOffset, byteCount);
   1161 }
   1162 
   1163 static jstring Posix_readlink(JNIEnv* env, jobject, jstring javaPath) {
   1164     ScopedUtfChars path(env, javaPath);
   1165     if (path.c_str() == NULL) {
   1166         return NULL;
   1167     }
   1168 
   1169     std::string result;
   1170     if (!readlink(path.c_str(), result)) {
   1171         throwErrnoException(env, "readlink");
   1172         return NULL;
   1173     }
   1174     return env->NewStringUTF(result.c_str());
   1175 }
   1176 
   1177 static jint Posix_readv(JNIEnv* env, jobject, jobject javaFd, jobjectArray buffers, jintArray offsets, jintArray byteCounts) {
   1178     IoVec<ScopedBytesRW> ioVec(env, env->GetArrayLength(buffers));
   1179     if (!ioVec.init(buffers, offsets, byteCounts)) {
   1180         return -1;
   1181     }
   1182     return IO_FAILURE_RETRY(env, ssize_t, readv, javaFd, ioVec.get(), ioVec.size());
   1183 }
   1184 
   1185 static jint Posix_recvfromBytes(JNIEnv* env, jobject, jobject javaFd, jobject javaBytes, jint byteOffset, jint byteCount, jint flags, jobject javaInetSocketAddress) {
   1186     ScopedBytesRW bytes(env, javaBytes);
   1187     if (bytes.get() == NULL) {
   1188         return -1;
   1189     }
   1190     sockaddr_storage ss;
   1191     socklen_t sl = sizeof(ss);
   1192     memset(&ss, 0, sizeof(ss));
   1193     sockaddr* from = (javaInetSocketAddress != NULL) ? reinterpret_cast<sockaddr*>(&ss) : NULL;
   1194     socklen_t* fromLength = (javaInetSocketAddress != NULL) ? &sl : 0;
   1195     jint recvCount = NET_FAILURE_RETRY(env, ssize_t, recvfrom, javaFd, bytes.get() + byteOffset, byteCount, flags, from, fromLength);
   1196     fillInetSocketAddress(env, recvCount, javaInetSocketAddress, ss);
   1197     return recvCount;
   1198 }
   1199 
   1200 static void Posix_remove(JNIEnv* env, jobject, jstring javaPath) {
   1201     ScopedUtfChars path(env, javaPath);
   1202     if (path.c_str() == NULL) {
   1203         return;
   1204     }
   1205     throwIfMinusOne(env, "remove", TEMP_FAILURE_RETRY(remove(path.c_str())));
   1206 }
   1207 
   1208 static void Posix_rename(JNIEnv* env, jobject, jstring javaOldPath, jstring javaNewPath) {
   1209     ScopedUtfChars oldPath(env, javaOldPath);
   1210     if (oldPath.c_str() == NULL) {
   1211         return;
   1212     }
   1213     ScopedUtfChars newPath(env, javaNewPath);
   1214     if (newPath.c_str() == NULL) {
   1215         return;
   1216     }
   1217     throwIfMinusOne(env, "rename", TEMP_FAILURE_RETRY(rename(oldPath.c_str(), newPath.c_str())));
   1218 }
   1219 
   1220 static jlong Posix_sendfile(JNIEnv* env, jobject, jobject javaOutFd, jobject javaInFd, jobject javaOffset, jlong byteCount) {
   1221     int outFd = jniGetFDFromFileDescriptor(env, javaOutFd);
   1222     int inFd = jniGetFDFromFileDescriptor(env, javaInFd);
   1223     static jfieldID valueFid = env->GetFieldID(JniConstants::mutableLongClass, "value", "J");
   1224     off_t offset = 0;
   1225     off_t* offsetPtr = NULL;
   1226     if (javaOffset != NULL) {
   1227         // TODO: fix bionic so we can have a 64-bit off_t!
   1228         offset = env->GetLongField(javaOffset, valueFid);
   1229         offsetPtr = &offset;
   1230     }
   1231     jlong result = throwIfMinusOne(env, "sendfile", TEMP_FAILURE_RETRY(sendfile(outFd, inFd, offsetPtr, byteCount)));
   1232     if (javaOffset != NULL) {
   1233         env->SetLongField(javaOffset, valueFid, offset);
   1234     }
   1235     return result;
   1236 }
   1237 
   1238 static jint Posix_sendtoBytes(JNIEnv* env, jobject, jobject javaFd, jobject javaBytes, jint byteOffset, jint byteCount, jint flags, jobject javaInetAddress, jint port) {
   1239     ScopedBytesRO bytes(env, javaBytes);
   1240     if (bytes.get() == NULL) {
   1241         return -1;
   1242     }
   1243     sockaddr_storage ss;
   1244     socklen_t sa_len = 0;
   1245     if (javaInetAddress != NULL && !inetAddressToSockaddr(env, javaInetAddress, port, ss, sa_len)) {
   1246         return -1;
   1247     }
   1248     const sockaddr* to = (javaInetAddress != NULL) ? reinterpret_cast<const sockaddr*>(&ss) : NULL;
   1249     return NET_FAILURE_RETRY(env, ssize_t, sendto, javaFd, bytes.get() + byteOffset, byteCount, flags, to, sa_len);
   1250 }
   1251 
   1252 static void Posix_setegid(JNIEnv* env, jobject, jint egid) {
   1253     throwIfMinusOne(env, "setegid", TEMP_FAILURE_RETRY(setegid(egid)));
   1254 }
   1255 
   1256 static void Posix_setenv(JNIEnv* env, jobject, jstring javaName, jstring javaValue, jboolean overwrite) {
   1257     ScopedUtfChars name(env, javaName);
   1258     if (name.c_str() == NULL) {
   1259         return;
   1260     }
   1261     ScopedUtfChars value(env, javaValue);
   1262     if (value.c_str() == NULL) {
   1263         return;
   1264     }
   1265     throwIfMinusOne(env, "setenv", setenv(name.c_str(), value.c_str(), overwrite));
   1266 }
   1267 
   1268 static void Posix_seteuid(JNIEnv* env, jobject, jint euid) {
   1269     throwIfMinusOne(env, "seteuid", TEMP_FAILURE_RETRY(seteuid(euid)));
   1270 }
   1271 
   1272 static void Posix_setgid(JNIEnv* env, jobject, jint gid) {
   1273     throwIfMinusOne(env, "setgid", TEMP_FAILURE_RETRY(setgid(gid)));
   1274 }
   1275 
   1276 static jint Posix_setsid(JNIEnv* env, jobject) {
   1277     return throwIfMinusOne(env, "setsid", TEMP_FAILURE_RETRY(setsid()));
   1278 }
   1279 
   1280 static void Posix_setsockoptByte(JNIEnv* env, jobject, jobject javaFd, jint level, jint option, jint value) {
   1281     int fd = jniGetFDFromFileDescriptor(env, javaFd);
   1282     u_char byte = value;
   1283     throwIfMinusOne(env, "setsockopt", TEMP_FAILURE_RETRY(setsockopt(fd, level, option, &byte, sizeof(byte))));
   1284 }
   1285 
   1286 static void Posix_setsockoptIfreq(JNIEnv* env, jobject, jobject javaFd, jint level, jint option, jstring javaInterfaceName) {
   1287     struct ifreq req;
   1288     if (!fillIfreq(env, javaInterfaceName, req)) {
   1289         return;
   1290     }
   1291     int fd = jniGetFDFromFileDescriptor(env, javaFd);
   1292     throwIfMinusOne(env, "setsockopt", TEMP_FAILURE_RETRY(setsockopt(fd, level, option, &req, sizeof(req))));
   1293 }
   1294 
   1295 static void Posix_setsockoptInt(JNIEnv* env, jobject, jobject javaFd, jint level, jint option, jint value) {
   1296     int fd = jniGetFDFromFileDescriptor(env, javaFd);
   1297     throwIfMinusOne(env, "setsockopt", TEMP_FAILURE_RETRY(setsockopt(fd, level, option, &value, sizeof(value))));
   1298 }
   1299 
   1300 #if defined(__APPLE__) && MAC_OS_X_VERSION_MAX_ALLOWED < 1070
   1301 // Mac OS didn't support modern multicast APIs until 10.7.
   1302 static void Posix_setsockoptIpMreqn(JNIEnv*, jobject, jobject, jint, jint, jint) { abort(); }
   1303 static void Posix_setsockoptGroupReq(JNIEnv*, jobject, jobject, jint, jint, jobject) { abort(); }
   1304 static void Posix_setsockoptGroupSourceReq(JNIEnv*, jobject, jobject, jint, jint, jobject) { abort(); }
   1305 #else
   1306 static void Posix_setsockoptIpMreqn(JNIEnv* env, jobject, jobject javaFd, jint level, jint option, jint value) {
   1307     ip_mreqn req;
   1308     memset(&req, 0, sizeof(req));
   1309     req.imr_ifindex = value;
   1310     int fd = jniGetFDFromFileDescriptor(env, javaFd);
   1311     throwIfMinusOne(env, "setsockopt", TEMP_FAILURE_RETRY(setsockopt(fd, level, option, &req, sizeof(req))));
   1312 }
   1313 
   1314 static void Posix_setsockoptGroupReq(JNIEnv* env, jobject, jobject javaFd, jint level, jint option, jobject javaGroupReq) {
   1315     struct group_req req;
   1316     memset(&req, 0, sizeof(req));
   1317 
   1318     static jfieldID grInterfaceFid = env->GetFieldID(JniConstants::structGroupReqClass, "gr_interface", "I");
   1319     req.gr_interface = env->GetIntField(javaGroupReq, grInterfaceFid);
   1320     // Get the IPv4 or IPv6 multicast address to join or leave.
   1321     static jfieldID grGroupFid = env->GetFieldID(JniConstants::structGroupReqClass, "gr_group", "Ljava/net/InetAddress;");
   1322     ScopedLocalRef<jobject> javaGroup(env, env->GetObjectField(javaGroupReq, grGroupFid));
   1323     socklen_t sa_len;
   1324     if (!inetAddressToSockaddrVerbatim(env, javaGroup.get(), 0, req.gr_group, sa_len)) {
   1325         return;
   1326     }
   1327 
   1328     int fd = jniGetFDFromFileDescriptor(env, javaFd);
   1329     int rc = TEMP_FAILURE_RETRY(setsockopt(fd, level, option, &req, sizeof(req)));
   1330     if (rc == -1 && errno == EINVAL) {
   1331         // Maybe we're a 32-bit binary talking to a 64-bit kernel?
   1332         // glibc doesn't automatically handle this.
   1333         // http://sourceware.org/bugzilla/show_bug.cgi?id=12080
   1334         struct group_req64 {
   1335             uint32_t gr_interface;
   1336             uint32_t my_padding;
   1337             sockaddr_storage gr_group;
   1338         };
   1339         group_req64 req64;
   1340         req64.gr_interface = req.gr_interface;
   1341         memcpy(&req64.gr_group, &req.gr_group, sizeof(req.gr_group));
   1342         rc = TEMP_FAILURE_RETRY(setsockopt(fd, level, option, &req64, sizeof(req64)));
   1343     }
   1344     throwIfMinusOne(env, "setsockopt", rc);
   1345 }
   1346 
   1347 static void Posix_setsockoptGroupSourceReq(JNIEnv* env, jobject, jobject javaFd, jint level, jint option, jobject javaGroupSourceReq) {
   1348     socklen_t sa_len;
   1349     struct group_source_req req;
   1350     memset(&req, 0, sizeof(req));
   1351 
   1352     static jfieldID gsrInterfaceFid = env->GetFieldID(JniConstants::structGroupSourceReqClass, "gsr_interface", "I");
   1353     req.gsr_interface = env->GetIntField(javaGroupSourceReq, gsrInterfaceFid);
   1354     // Get the IPv4 or IPv6 multicast address to join or leave.
   1355     static jfieldID gsrGroupFid = env->GetFieldID(JniConstants::structGroupSourceReqClass, "gsr_group", "Ljava/net/InetAddress;");
   1356     ScopedLocalRef<jobject> javaGroup(env, env->GetObjectField(javaGroupSourceReq, gsrGroupFid));
   1357     if (!inetAddressToSockaddrVerbatim(env, javaGroup.get(), 0, req.gsr_group, sa_len)) {
   1358         return;
   1359     }
   1360 
   1361     // Get the IPv4 or IPv6 multicast address to add to the filter.
   1362     static jfieldID gsrSourceFid = env->GetFieldID(JniConstants::structGroupSourceReqClass, "gsr_source", "Ljava/net/InetAddress;");
   1363     ScopedLocalRef<jobject> javaSource(env, env->GetObjectField(javaGroupSourceReq, gsrSourceFid));
   1364     if (!inetAddressToSockaddrVerbatim(env, javaSource.get(), 0, req.gsr_source, sa_len)) {
   1365         return;
   1366     }
   1367 
   1368     int fd = jniGetFDFromFileDescriptor(env, javaFd);
   1369     int rc = TEMP_FAILURE_RETRY(setsockopt(fd, level, option, &req, sizeof(req)));
   1370     if (rc == -1 && errno == EINVAL) {
   1371         // Maybe we're a 32-bit binary talking to a 64-bit kernel?
   1372         // glibc doesn't automatically handle this.
   1373         // http://sourceware.org/bugzilla/show_bug.cgi?id=12080
   1374         struct group_source_req64 {
   1375             uint32_t gsr_interface;
   1376             uint32_t my_padding;
   1377             sockaddr_storage gsr_group;
   1378             sockaddr_storage gsr_source;
   1379         };
   1380         group_source_req64 req64;
   1381         req64.gsr_interface = req.gsr_interface;
   1382         memcpy(&req64.gsr_group, &req.gsr_group, sizeof(req.gsr_group));
   1383         memcpy(&req64.gsr_source, &req.gsr_source, sizeof(req.gsr_source));
   1384         rc = TEMP_FAILURE_RETRY(setsockopt(fd, level, option, &req64, sizeof(req64)));
   1385     }
   1386     throwIfMinusOne(env, "setsockopt", rc);
   1387 }
   1388 #endif
   1389 
   1390 static void Posix_setsockoptLinger(JNIEnv* env, jobject, jobject javaFd, jint level, jint option, jobject javaLinger) {
   1391     static jfieldID lOnoffFid = env->GetFieldID(JniConstants::structLingerClass, "l_onoff", "I");
   1392     static jfieldID lLingerFid = env->GetFieldID(JniConstants::structLingerClass, "l_linger", "I");
   1393     int fd = jniGetFDFromFileDescriptor(env, javaFd);
   1394     struct linger value;
   1395     value.l_onoff = env->GetIntField(javaLinger, lOnoffFid);
   1396     value.l_linger = env->GetIntField(javaLinger, lLingerFid);
   1397     throwIfMinusOne(env, "setsockopt", TEMP_FAILURE_RETRY(setsockopt(fd, level, option, &value, sizeof(value))));
   1398 }
   1399 
   1400 static void Posix_setsockoptTimeval(JNIEnv* env, jobject, jobject javaFd, jint level, jint option, jobject javaTimeval) {
   1401     static jfieldID tvSecFid = env->GetFieldID(JniConstants::structTimevalClass, "tv_sec", "J");
   1402     static jfieldID tvUsecFid = env->GetFieldID(JniConstants::structTimevalClass, "tv_usec", "J");
   1403     int fd = jniGetFDFromFileDescriptor(env, javaFd);
   1404     struct timeval value;
   1405     value.tv_sec = env->GetLongField(javaTimeval, tvSecFid);
   1406     value.tv_usec = env->GetLongField(javaTimeval, tvUsecFid);
   1407     throwIfMinusOne(env, "setsockopt", TEMP_FAILURE_RETRY(setsockopt(fd, level, option, &value, sizeof(value))));
   1408 }
   1409 
   1410 static void Posix_setuid(JNIEnv* env, jobject, jint uid) {
   1411     throwIfMinusOne(env, "setuid", TEMP_FAILURE_RETRY(setuid(uid)));
   1412 }
   1413 
   1414 static void Posix_shutdown(JNIEnv* env, jobject, jobject javaFd, jint how) {
   1415     int fd = jniGetFDFromFileDescriptor(env, javaFd);
   1416     throwIfMinusOne(env, "shutdown", TEMP_FAILURE_RETRY(shutdown(fd, how)));
   1417 }
   1418 
   1419 static jobject Posix_socket(JNIEnv* env, jobject, jint domain, jint type, jint protocol) {
   1420     int fd = throwIfMinusOne(env, "socket", TEMP_FAILURE_RETRY(socket(domain, type, protocol)));
   1421     return fd != -1 ? jniCreateFileDescriptor(env, fd) : NULL;
   1422 }
   1423 
   1424 static void Posix_socketpair(JNIEnv* env, jobject, jint domain, jint type, jint protocol, jobject javaFd1, jobject javaFd2) {
   1425     int fds[2];
   1426     int rc = throwIfMinusOne(env, "socketpair", TEMP_FAILURE_RETRY(socketpair(domain, type, protocol, fds)));
   1427     if (rc != -1) {
   1428         jniSetFileDescriptorOfFD(env, javaFd1, fds[0]);
   1429         jniSetFileDescriptorOfFD(env, javaFd2, fds[1]);
   1430     }
   1431 }
   1432 
   1433 static jobject Posix_stat(JNIEnv* env, jobject, jstring javaPath) {
   1434     return doStat(env, javaPath, false);
   1435 }
   1436 
   1437 static jobject Posix_statvfs(JNIEnv* env, jobject, jstring javaPath) {
   1438     ScopedUtfChars path(env, javaPath);
   1439     if (path.c_str() == NULL) {
   1440         return NULL;
   1441     }
   1442     struct statvfs sb;
   1443     int rc = TEMP_FAILURE_RETRY(statvfs(path.c_str(), &sb));
   1444     if (rc == -1) {
   1445         throwErrnoException(env, "statvfs");
   1446         return NULL;
   1447     }
   1448     return makeStructStatVfs(env, sb);
   1449 }
   1450 
   1451 static jstring Posix_strerror(JNIEnv* env, jobject, jint errnum) {
   1452     char buffer[BUFSIZ];
   1453     const char* message = jniStrError(errnum, buffer, sizeof(buffer));
   1454     return env->NewStringUTF(message);
   1455 }
   1456 
   1457 static jstring Posix_strsignal(JNIEnv* env, jobject, jint signal) {
   1458     return env->NewStringUTF(strsignal(signal));
   1459 }
   1460 
   1461 static void Posix_symlink(JNIEnv* env, jobject, jstring javaOldPath, jstring javaNewPath) {
   1462     ScopedUtfChars oldPath(env, javaOldPath);
   1463     if (oldPath.c_str() == NULL) {
   1464         return;
   1465     }
   1466     ScopedUtfChars newPath(env, javaNewPath);
   1467     if (newPath.c_str() == NULL) {
   1468         return;
   1469     }
   1470     throwIfMinusOne(env, "symlink", TEMP_FAILURE_RETRY(symlink(oldPath.c_str(), newPath.c_str())));
   1471 }
   1472 
   1473 static jlong Posix_sysconf(JNIEnv* env, jobject, jint name) {
   1474     // Since -1 is a valid result from sysconf(3), detecting failure is a little more awkward.
   1475     errno = 0;
   1476     long result = sysconf(name);
   1477     if (result == -1L && errno == EINVAL) {
   1478         throwErrnoException(env, "sysconf");
   1479     }
   1480     return result;
   1481 }
   1482 
   1483 static void Posix_tcdrain(JNIEnv* env, jobject, jobject javaFd) {
   1484     int fd = jniGetFDFromFileDescriptor(env, javaFd);
   1485     throwIfMinusOne(env, "tcdrain", TEMP_FAILURE_RETRY(tcdrain(fd)));
   1486 }
   1487 
   1488 static void Posix_tcsendbreak(JNIEnv* env, jobject, jobject javaFd, jint duration) {
   1489   int fd = jniGetFDFromFileDescriptor(env, javaFd);
   1490   throwIfMinusOne(env, "tcsendbreak", TEMP_FAILURE_RETRY(tcsendbreak(fd, duration)));
   1491 }
   1492 
   1493 static jint Posix_umaskImpl(JNIEnv*, jobject, jint mask) {
   1494     return umask(mask);
   1495 }
   1496 
   1497 static jobject Posix_uname(JNIEnv* env, jobject) {
   1498     struct utsname buf;
   1499     if (TEMP_FAILURE_RETRY(uname(&buf)) == -1) {
   1500         return NULL; // Can't happen.
   1501     }
   1502     return makeStructUtsname(env, buf);
   1503 }
   1504 
   1505 static void Posix_unsetenv(JNIEnv* env, jobject, jstring javaName) {
   1506     ScopedUtfChars name(env, javaName);
   1507     if (name.c_str() == NULL) {
   1508         return;
   1509     }
   1510     throwIfMinusOne(env, "unsetenv", unsetenv(name.c_str()));
   1511 }
   1512 
   1513 static jint Posix_waitpid(JNIEnv* env, jobject, jint pid, jobject javaStatus, jint options) {
   1514     int status;
   1515     int rc = throwIfMinusOne(env, "waitpid", TEMP_FAILURE_RETRY(waitpid(pid, &status, options)));
   1516     if (rc != -1) {
   1517         static jfieldID valueFid = env->GetFieldID(JniConstants::mutableIntClass, "value", "I");
   1518         env->SetIntField(javaStatus, valueFid, status);
   1519     }
   1520     return rc;
   1521 }
   1522 
   1523 static jint Posix_writeBytes(JNIEnv* env, jobject, jobject javaFd, jbyteArray javaBytes, jint byteOffset, jint byteCount) {
   1524     ScopedBytesRO bytes(env, javaBytes);
   1525     if (bytes.get() == NULL) {
   1526         return -1;
   1527     }
   1528     return IO_FAILURE_RETRY(env, ssize_t, write, javaFd, bytes.get() + byteOffset, byteCount);
   1529 }
   1530 
   1531 static jint Posix_writev(JNIEnv* env, jobject, jobject javaFd, jobjectArray buffers, jintArray offsets, jintArray byteCounts) {
   1532     IoVec<ScopedBytesRO> ioVec(env, env->GetArrayLength(buffers));
   1533     if (!ioVec.init(buffers, offsets, byteCounts)) {
   1534         return -1;
   1535     }
   1536     return IO_FAILURE_RETRY(env, ssize_t, writev, javaFd, ioVec.get(), ioVec.size());
   1537 }
   1538 
   1539 static JNINativeMethod gMethods[] = {
   1540     NATIVE_METHOD(Posix, accept, "(Ljava/io/FileDescriptor;Ljava/net/InetSocketAddress;)Ljava/io/FileDescriptor;"),
   1541     NATIVE_METHOD(Posix, access, "(Ljava/lang/String;I)Z"),
   1542     NATIVE_METHOD(Posix, android_getaddrinfo, "(Ljava/lang/String;Landroid/system/StructAddrinfo;I)[Ljava/net/InetAddress;"),
   1543     NATIVE_METHOD(Posix, bind, "(Ljava/io/FileDescriptor;Ljava/net/InetAddress;I)V"),
   1544     NATIVE_METHOD(Posix, chmod, "(Ljava/lang/String;I)V"),
   1545     NATIVE_METHOD(Posix, chown, "(Ljava/lang/String;II)V"),
   1546     NATIVE_METHOD(Posix, close, "(Ljava/io/FileDescriptor;)V"),
   1547     NATIVE_METHOD(Posix, connect, "(Ljava/io/FileDescriptor;Ljava/net/InetAddress;I)V"),
   1548     NATIVE_METHOD(Posix, dup, "(Ljava/io/FileDescriptor;)Ljava/io/FileDescriptor;"),
   1549     NATIVE_METHOD(Posix, dup2, "(Ljava/io/FileDescriptor;I)Ljava/io/FileDescriptor;"),
   1550     NATIVE_METHOD(Posix, environ, "()[Ljava/lang/String;"),
   1551     NATIVE_METHOD(Posix, execv, "(Ljava/lang/String;[Ljava/lang/String;)V"),
   1552     NATIVE_METHOD(Posix, execve, "(Ljava/lang/String;[Ljava/lang/String;[Ljava/lang/String;)V"),
   1553     NATIVE_METHOD(Posix, fchmod, "(Ljava/io/FileDescriptor;I)V"),
   1554     NATIVE_METHOD(Posix, fchown, "(Ljava/io/FileDescriptor;II)V"),
   1555     NATIVE_METHOD(Posix, fcntlVoid, "(Ljava/io/FileDescriptor;I)I"),
   1556     NATIVE_METHOD(Posix, fcntlLong, "(Ljava/io/FileDescriptor;IJ)I"),
   1557     NATIVE_METHOD(Posix, fcntlFlock, "(Ljava/io/FileDescriptor;ILandroid/system/StructFlock;)I"),
   1558     NATIVE_METHOD(Posix, fdatasync, "(Ljava/io/FileDescriptor;)V"),
   1559     NATIVE_METHOD(Posix, fstat, "(Ljava/io/FileDescriptor;)Landroid/system/StructStat;"),
   1560     NATIVE_METHOD(Posix, fstatvfs, "(Ljava/io/FileDescriptor;)Landroid/system/StructStatVfs;"),
   1561     NATIVE_METHOD(Posix, fsync, "(Ljava/io/FileDescriptor;)V"),
   1562     NATIVE_METHOD(Posix, ftruncate, "(Ljava/io/FileDescriptor;J)V"),
   1563     NATIVE_METHOD(Posix, gai_strerror, "(I)Ljava/lang/String;"),
   1564     NATIVE_METHOD(Posix, getegid, "()I"),
   1565     NATIVE_METHOD(Posix, geteuid, "()I"),
   1566     NATIVE_METHOD(Posix, getgid, "()I"),
   1567     NATIVE_METHOD(Posix, getenv, "(Ljava/lang/String;)Ljava/lang/String;"),
   1568     NATIVE_METHOD(Posix, getnameinfo, "(Ljava/net/InetAddress;I)Ljava/lang/String;"),
   1569     NATIVE_METHOD(Posix, getpeername, "(Ljava/io/FileDescriptor;)Ljava/net/SocketAddress;"),
   1570     NATIVE_METHOD(Posix, getpid, "()I"),
   1571     NATIVE_METHOD(Posix, getppid, "()I"),
   1572     NATIVE_METHOD(Posix, getpwnam, "(Ljava/lang/String;)Landroid/system/StructPasswd;"),
   1573     NATIVE_METHOD(Posix, getpwuid, "(I)Landroid/system/StructPasswd;"),
   1574     NATIVE_METHOD(Posix, getsockname, "(Ljava/io/FileDescriptor;)Ljava/net/SocketAddress;"),
   1575     NATIVE_METHOD(Posix, getsockoptByte, "(Ljava/io/FileDescriptor;II)I"),
   1576     NATIVE_METHOD(Posix, getsockoptInAddr, "(Ljava/io/FileDescriptor;II)Ljava/net/InetAddress;"),
   1577     NATIVE_METHOD(Posix, getsockoptInt, "(Ljava/io/FileDescriptor;II)I"),
   1578     NATIVE_METHOD(Posix, getsockoptLinger, "(Ljava/io/FileDescriptor;II)Landroid/system/StructLinger;"),
   1579     NATIVE_METHOD(Posix, getsockoptTimeval, "(Ljava/io/FileDescriptor;II)Landroid/system/StructTimeval;"),
   1580     NATIVE_METHOD(Posix, getsockoptUcred, "(Ljava/io/FileDescriptor;II)Landroid/system/StructUcred;"),
   1581     NATIVE_METHOD(Posix, gettid, "()I"),
   1582     NATIVE_METHOD(Posix, getuid, "()I"),
   1583     NATIVE_METHOD(Posix, if_indextoname, "(I)Ljava/lang/String;"),
   1584     NATIVE_METHOD(Posix, inet_pton, "(ILjava/lang/String;)Ljava/net/InetAddress;"),
   1585     NATIVE_METHOD(Posix, ioctlInetAddress, "(Ljava/io/FileDescriptor;ILjava/lang/String;)Ljava/net/InetAddress;"),
   1586     NATIVE_METHOD(Posix, ioctlInt, "(Ljava/io/FileDescriptor;ILandroid/util/MutableInt;)I"),
   1587     NATIVE_METHOD(Posix, isatty, "(Ljava/io/FileDescriptor;)Z"),
   1588     NATIVE_METHOD(Posix, kill, "(II)V"),
   1589     NATIVE_METHOD(Posix, lchown, "(Ljava/lang/String;II)V"),
   1590     NATIVE_METHOD(Posix, link, "(Ljava/lang/String;Ljava/lang/String;)V"),
   1591     NATIVE_METHOD(Posix, listen, "(Ljava/io/FileDescriptor;I)V"),
   1592     NATIVE_METHOD(Posix, lseek, "(Ljava/io/FileDescriptor;JI)J"),
   1593     NATIVE_METHOD(Posix, lstat, "(Ljava/lang/String;)Landroid/system/StructStat;"),
   1594     NATIVE_METHOD(Posix, mincore, "(JJ[B)V"),
   1595     NATIVE_METHOD(Posix, mkdir, "(Ljava/lang/String;I)V"),
   1596     NATIVE_METHOD(Posix, mkfifo, "(Ljava/lang/String;I)V"),
   1597     NATIVE_METHOD(Posix, mlock, "(JJ)V"),
   1598     NATIVE_METHOD(Posix, mmap, "(JJIILjava/io/FileDescriptor;J)J"),
   1599     NATIVE_METHOD(Posix, msync, "(JJI)V"),
   1600     NATIVE_METHOD(Posix, munlock, "(JJ)V"),
   1601     NATIVE_METHOD(Posix, munmap, "(JJ)V"),
   1602     NATIVE_METHOD(Posix, open, "(Ljava/lang/String;II)Ljava/io/FileDescriptor;"),
   1603     NATIVE_METHOD(Posix, pipe, "()[Ljava/io/FileDescriptor;"),
   1604     NATIVE_METHOD(Posix, poll, "([Landroid/system/StructPollfd;I)I"),
   1605     NATIVE_METHOD(Posix, posix_fallocate, "(Ljava/io/FileDescriptor;JJ)V"),
   1606     NATIVE_METHOD(Posix, prctl, "(IJJJJ)I"),
   1607     NATIVE_METHOD(Posix, preadBytes, "(Ljava/io/FileDescriptor;Ljava/lang/Object;IIJ)I"),
   1608     NATIVE_METHOD(Posix, pwriteBytes, "(Ljava/io/FileDescriptor;Ljava/lang/Object;IIJ)I"),
   1609     NATIVE_METHOD(Posix, readBytes, "(Ljava/io/FileDescriptor;Ljava/lang/Object;II)I"),
   1610     NATIVE_METHOD(Posix, readlink, "(Ljava/lang/String;)Ljava/lang/String;"),
   1611     NATIVE_METHOD(Posix, readv, "(Ljava/io/FileDescriptor;[Ljava/lang/Object;[I[I)I"),
   1612     NATIVE_METHOD(Posix, recvfromBytes, "(Ljava/io/FileDescriptor;Ljava/lang/Object;IIILjava/net/InetSocketAddress;)I"),
   1613     NATIVE_METHOD(Posix, remove, "(Ljava/lang/String;)V"),
   1614     NATIVE_METHOD(Posix, rename, "(Ljava/lang/String;Ljava/lang/String;)V"),
   1615     NATIVE_METHOD(Posix, sendfile, "(Ljava/io/FileDescriptor;Ljava/io/FileDescriptor;Landroid/util/MutableLong;J)J"),
   1616     NATIVE_METHOD(Posix, sendtoBytes, "(Ljava/io/FileDescriptor;Ljava/lang/Object;IIILjava/net/InetAddress;I)I"),
   1617     NATIVE_METHOD(Posix, setegid, "(I)V"),
   1618     NATIVE_METHOD(Posix, setenv, "(Ljava/lang/String;Ljava/lang/String;Z)V"),
   1619     NATIVE_METHOD(Posix, seteuid, "(I)V"),
   1620     NATIVE_METHOD(Posix, setgid, "(I)V"),
   1621     NATIVE_METHOD(Posix, setsid, "()I"),
   1622     NATIVE_METHOD(Posix, setsockoptByte, "(Ljava/io/FileDescriptor;III)V"),
   1623     NATIVE_METHOD(Posix, setsockoptIfreq, "(Ljava/io/FileDescriptor;IILjava/lang/String;)V"),
   1624     NATIVE_METHOD(Posix, setsockoptInt, "(Ljava/io/FileDescriptor;III)V"),
   1625     NATIVE_METHOD(Posix, setsockoptIpMreqn, "(Ljava/io/FileDescriptor;III)V"),
   1626     NATIVE_METHOD(Posix, setsockoptGroupReq, "(Ljava/io/FileDescriptor;IILandroid/system/StructGroupReq;)V"),
   1627     NATIVE_METHOD(Posix, setsockoptGroupSourceReq, "(Ljava/io/FileDescriptor;IILandroid/system/StructGroupSourceReq;)V"),
   1628     NATIVE_METHOD(Posix, setsockoptLinger, "(Ljava/io/FileDescriptor;IILandroid/system/StructLinger;)V"),
   1629     NATIVE_METHOD(Posix, setsockoptTimeval, "(Ljava/io/FileDescriptor;IILandroid/system/StructTimeval;)V"),
   1630     NATIVE_METHOD(Posix, setuid, "(I)V"),
   1631     NATIVE_METHOD(Posix, shutdown, "(Ljava/io/FileDescriptor;I)V"),
   1632     NATIVE_METHOD(Posix, socket, "(III)Ljava/io/FileDescriptor;"),
   1633     NATIVE_METHOD(Posix, socketpair, "(IIILjava/io/FileDescriptor;Ljava/io/FileDescriptor;)V"),
   1634     NATIVE_METHOD(Posix, stat, "(Ljava/lang/String;)Landroid/system/StructStat;"),
   1635     NATIVE_METHOD(Posix, statvfs, "(Ljava/lang/String;)Landroid/system/StructStatVfs;"),
   1636     NATIVE_METHOD(Posix, strerror, "(I)Ljava/lang/String;"),
   1637     NATIVE_METHOD(Posix, strsignal, "(I)Ljava/lang/String;"),
   1638     NATIVE_METHOD(Posix, symlink, "(Ljava/lang/String;Ljava/lang/String;)V"),
   1639     NATIVE_METHOD(Posix, sysconf, "(I)J"),
   1640     NATIVE_METHOD(Posix, tcdrain, "(Ljava/io/FileDescriptor;)V"),
   1641     NATIVE_METHOD(Posix, tcsendbreak, "(Ljava/io/FileDescriptor;I)V"),
   1642     NATIVE_METHOD(Posix, umaskImpl, "(I)I"),
   1643     NATIVE_METHOD(Posix, uname, "()Landroid/system/StructUtsname;"),
   1644     NATIVE_METHOD(Posix, unsetenv, "(Ljava/lang/String;)V"),
   1645     NATIVE_METHOD(Posix, waitpid, "(ILandroid/util/MutableInt;I)I"),
   1646     NATIVE_METHOD(Posix, writeBytes, "(Ljava/io/FileDescriptor;Ljava/lang/Object;II)I"),
   1647     NATIVE_METHOD(Posix, writev, "(Ljava/io/FileDescriptor;[Ljava/lang/Object;[I[I)I"),
   1648 };
   1649 void register_libcore_io_Posix(JNIEnv* env) {
   1650     jniRegisterNativeMethods(env, "libcore/io/Posix", gMethods, NELEM(gMethods));
   1651 }
   1652