i18n/unicode/ucol.h

/*
*******************************************************************************
* Copyright (c) 1996-2010, International Business Machines Corporation and others.
* All Rights Reserved.
*******************************************************************************
*/

#ifndef UCOL_H
#define UCOL_H

#include "unicode/utypes.h"

#if !UCONFIG_NO_COLLATION

#include "unicode/unorm.h"
#include "unicode/localpointer.h"
#include "unicode/parseerr.h"
#include "unicode/uloc.h"
#include "unicode/uset.h"

/**
 * \file
 * \brief C API: Collator
 *
 * <h2> Collator C API </h2>
 *
 * The C API for Collator performs locale-sensitive
 * string comparison. You use this service to build
 * searching and sorting routines for natural language text.
 * <em>Important: </em>The ICU collation service has been reimplemented
 * in order to achieve better performance and UCA compliance.
 * For details, see the
 * <a href="http://source.icu-project.org/repos/icu/icuhtml/trunk/design/collation/ICU_collation_design.htm">
 * collation design document</a>.
 * <p>
 * For more information about the collation service see
 * <a href="http://icu-project.org/userguide/Collate_Intro.html">the users guide</a>.
 * <p>
 * Collation service provides correct sorting orders for most locales supported in ICU.
 * If specific data for a locale is not available, the orders eventually falls back
 * to the <a href="http://www.unicode.org/unicode/reports/tr10/">UCA sort order</a>.
 * <p>
 * Sort ordering may be customized by providing your own set of rules. For more on
 * this subject see the
 * <a href="http://icu-project.org/userguide/Collate_Customization.html">
 * Collation customization</a> section of the users guide.
 * <p>
 * @see         UCollationResult
 * @see         UNormalizationMode
 * @see         UCollationStrength
 * @see         UCollationElements
 */

/** A collator.
*  For usage in C programs.
*/
struct UCollator;
/** structure representing a collator object instance
 * @stable ICU 2.0
 */
typedef struct UCollator UCollator;


/**
 * UCOL_LESS is returned if source string is compared to be less than target
 * string in the u_strcoll() method.
 * UCOL_EQUAL is returned if source string is compared to be equal to target
 * string in the u_strcoll() method.
 * UCOL_GREATER is returned if source string is compared to be greater than
 * target string in the u_strcoll() method.
 * @see u_strcoll()
 * <p>
 * Possible values for a comparison result
 * @stable ICU 2.0
 */
typedef enum {
  /** string a == string b */
  UCOL_EQUAL    = 0,
  /** string a > string b */
  UCOL_GREATER    = 1,
  /** string a < string b */
  UCOL_LESS    = -1
} UCollationResult ;


/** Enum containing attribute values for controling collation behavior.
 * Here are all the allowable values. Not every attribute can take every value. The only
 * universal value is UCOL_DEFAULT, which resets the attribute value to the predefined
 * value for that locale
 * @stable ICU 2.0
 */
typedef enum {
  /** accepted by most attributes */
  UCOL_DEFAULT = -1,

  /** Primary collation strength */
  UCOL_PRIMARY = 0,
  /** Secondary collation strength */
  UCOL_SECONDARY = 1,
  /** Tertiary collation strength */
  UCOL_TERTIARY = 2,
  /** Default collation strength */
  UCOL_DEFAULT_STRENGTH = UCOL_TERTIARY,
  UCOL_CE_STRENGTH_LIMIT,
  /** Quaternary collation strength */
  UCOL_QUATERNARY=3,
  /** Identical collation strength */
  UCOL_IDENTICAL=15,
  UCOL_STRENGTH_LIMIT,

  /** Turn the feature off - works for UCOL_FRENCH_COLLATION,
      UCOL_CASE_LEVEL, UCOL_HIRAGANA_QUATERNARY_MODE
      & UCOL_DECOMPOSITION_MODE*/
  UCOL_OFF = 16,
  /** Turn the feature on - works for UCOL_FRENCH_COLLATION,
      UCOL_CASE_LEVEL, UCOL_HIRAGANA_QUATERNARY_MODE
      & UCOL_DECOMPOSITION_MODE*/
  UCOL_ON = 17,

  /** Valid for UCOL_ALTERNATE_HANDLING. Alternate handling will be shifted */
  UCOL_SHIFTED = 20,
  /** Valid for UCOL_ALTERNATE_HANDLING. Alternate handling will be non ignorable */
  UCOL_NON_IGNORABLE = 21,

  /** Valid for UCOL_CASE_FIRST -
      lower case sorts before upper case */
  UCOL_LOWER_FIRST = 24,
  /** upper case sorts before lower case */
  UCOL_UPPER_FIRST = 25,

  UCOL_ATTRIBUTE_VALUE_COUNT

} UColAttributeValue;

/** Enum containing the codes for reordering segments of the collation table that are not script
 *  codes. These reordering codes are to be used in conjunction with the script codes.
 *  @internal
 */
typedef enum {
    UCOL_REORDER_CODE_SPACE          = 0x1000,
    UCOL_REORDER_CODE_FIRST          = UCOL_REORDER_CODE_SPACE,
    UCOL_REORDER_CODE_PUNCTUATION    = 0x1001,
    UCOL_REORDER_CODE_SYMBOL         = 0x1002,
    UCOL_REORDER_CODE_CURRENCY       = 0x1003,
    UCOL_REORDER_CODE_DIGIT          = 0x1004,
    UCOL_REORDER_CODE_LIMIT          = 0x1005
} UColReorderCode;

/**
 * Base letter represents a primary difference.  Set comparison
 * level to UCOL_PRIMARY to ignore secondary and tertiary differences.
 * Use this to set the strength of a Collator object.
 * Example of primary difference, "abc" &lt; "abd"
 *
 * Diacritical differences on the same base letter represent a secondary
 * difference.  Set comparison level to UCOL_SECONDARY to ignore tertiary
 * differences. Use this to set the strength of a Collator object.
 * Example of secondary difference, "&auml;" >> "a".
 *
 * Uppercase and lowercase versions of the same character represents a
 * tertiary difference.  Set comparison level to UCOL_TERTIARY to include
 * all comparison differences. Use this to set the strength of a Collator
 * object.
 * Example of tertiary difference, "abc" &lt;&lt;&lt; "ABC".
 *
 * Two characters are considered "identical" when they have the same
 * unicode spellings.  UCOL_IDENTICAL.
 * For example, "&auml;" == "&auml;".
 *
 * UCollationStrength is also used to determine the strength of sort keys
 * generated from UCollator objects
 * These values can be now found in the UColAttributeValue enum.
 * @stable ICU 2.0
 **/
typedef UColAttributeValue UCollationStrength;

/** Attributes that collation service understands. All the attributes can take UCOL_DEFAULT
 * value, as well as the values specific to each one.
 * @stable ICU 2.0
 */
typedef enum {
     /** Attribute for direction of secondary weights - used in French.
      * Acceptable values are UCOL_ON, which results in secondary weights
      * being considered backwards and UCOL_OFF which treats secondary
      * weights in the order they appear.*/
     UCOL_FRENCH_COLLATION,
     /** Attribute for handling variable elements.
      * Acceptable values are UCOL_NON_IGNORABLE (default)
      * which treats all the codepoints with non-ignorable
      * primary weights in the same way,
      * and UCOL_SHIFTED which causes codepoints with primary
      * weights that are equal or below the variable top value
      * to be ignored on primary level and moved to the quaternary
      * level.*/
     UCOL_ALTERNATE_HANDLING,
     /** Controls the ordering of upper and lower case letters.
      * Acceptable values are UCOL_OFF (default), which orders
      * upper and lower case letters in accordance to their tertiary
      * weights, UCOL_UPPER_FIRST which forces upper case letters to
      * sort before lower case letters, and UCOL_LOWER_FIRST which does
      * the opposite. */
     UCOL_CASE_FIRST,
     /** Controls whether an extra case level (positioned before the third
      * level) is generated or not. Acceptable values are UCOL_OFF (default),
      * when case level is not generated, and UCOL_ON which causes the case
      * level to be generated. Contents of the case level are affected by
      * the value of UCOL_CASE_FIRST attribute. A simple way to ignore
      * accent differences in a string is to set the strength to UCOL_PRIMARY
      * and enable case level. */
     UCOL_CASE_LEVEL,
     /** Controls whether the normalization check and necessary normalizations
      * are performed. When set to UCOL_OFF (default) no normalization check
      * is performed. The correctness of the result is guaranteed only if the
      * input data is in so-called FCD form (see users manual for more info).
      * When set to UCOL_ON, an incremental check is performed to see whether
      * the input data is in the FCD form. If the data is not in the FCD form,
      * incremental NFD normalization is performed. */
     UCOL_NORMALIZATION_MODE,
     /** An alias for UCOL_NORMALIZATION_MODE attribute */
     UCOL_DECOMPOSITION_MODE = UCOL_NORMALIZATION_MODE,
     /** The strength attribute. Can be either UCOL_PRIMARY, UCOL_SECONDARY,
      * UCOL_TERTIARY, UCOL_QUATERNARY or UCOL_IDENTICAL. The usual strength
      * for most locales (except Japanese) is tertiary. Quaternary strength
      * is useful when combined with shifted setting for alternate handling
      * attribute and for JIS x 4061 collation, when it is used to distinguish
      * between Katakana  and Hiragana (this is achieved by setting the
      * UCOL_HIRAGANA_QUATERNARY mode to on. Otherwise, quaternary level
      * is affected only by the number of non ignorable code points in
      * the string. Identical strength is rarely useful, as it amounts
      * to codepoints of the NFD form of the string. */
     UCOL_STRENGTH,
     /** When turned on, this attribute positions Hiragana before all
      * non-ignorables on quaternary level This is a sneaky way to produce JIS
      * sort order */
     UCOL_HIRAGANA_QUATERNARY_MODE,
     /** When turned on, this attribute generates a collation key
      * for the numeric value of substrings of digits.
      * This is a way to get '100' to sort AFTER '2'. Note that the longest
      * digit substring that can be treated as a single collation element is
      * 254 digits (not counting leading zeros). If a digit substring is
      * longer than that, the digits beyond the limit will be treated as a
      * separate digit substring associated with a separate collation element. */
     UCOL_NUMERIC_COLLATION,
     UCOL_ATTRIBUTE_COUNT
} UColAttribute;

/** Options for retrieving the rule string
 *  @stable ICU 2.0
 */
typedef enum {
  /** Retrieve tailoring only */
  UCOL_TAILORING_ONLY,
  /** Retrieve UCA rules and tailoring */
  UCOL_FULL_RULES
} UColRuleOption ;

/**
 * Open a UCollator for comparing strings.
 * The UCollator pointer is used in all the calls to the Collation
 * service. After finished, collator must be disposed of by calling
 * {@link #ucol_close }.
 * @param loc The locale containing the required collation rules.
 *            Special values for locales can be passed in -
 *            if NULL is passed for the locale, the default locale
 *            collation rules will be used. If empty string ("") or
 *            "root" are passed, UCA rules will be used.
 * @param status A pointer to an UErrorCode to receive any errors
 * @return A pointer to a UCollator, or 0 if an error occurred.
 * @see ucol_openRules
 * @see ucol_safeClone
 * @see ucol_close
 * @stable ICU 2.0
 */
U_STABLE UCollator* U_EXPORT2
ucol_open(const char *loc, UErrorCode *status);

/**
 * Produce an UCollator instance according to the rules supplied.
 * The rules are used to change the default ordering, defined in the
 * UCA in a process called tailoring. The resulting UCollator pointer
 * can be used in the same way as the one obtained by {@link #ucol_strcoll }.
 * @param rules A string describing the collation rules. For the syntax
 *              of the rules please see users guide.
 * @param rulesLength The length of rules, or -1 if null-terminated.
 * @param normalizationMode The normalization mode: One of
 *             UCOL_OFF     (expect the text to not need normalization),
 *             UCOL_ON      (normalize), or
 *             UCOL_DEFAULT (set the mode according to the rules)
 * @param strength The default collation strength; one of UCOL_PRIMARY, UCOL_SECONDARY,
 * UCOL_TERTIARY, UCOL_IDENTICAL,UCOL_DEFAULT_STRENGTH - can be also set in the rules.
 * @param parseError  A pointer to UParseError to recieve information about errors
 *                    occurred during parsing. This argument can currently be set
 *                    to NULL, but at users own risk. Please provide a real structure.
 * @param status A pointer to an UErrorCode to receive any errors
 * @return A pointer to a UCollator. It is not guaranteed that NULL be returned in case
 *         of error - please use status argument to check for errors.
 * @see ucol_open
 * @see ucol_safeClone
 * @see ucol_close
 * @stable ICU 2.0
 */
U_STABLE UCollator* U_EXPORT2
ucol_openRules( const UChar        *rules,
                int32_t            rulesLength,
                UColAttributeValue normalizationMode,
                UCollationStrength strength,
                UParseError        *parseError,
                UErrorCode         *status);

/**
 * Open a collator defined by a short form string.
 * The structure and the syntax of the string is defined in the "Naming collators"
 * section of the users guide:
 * http://icu-project.org/userguide/Collate_Concepts.html#Naming_Collators
 * Attributes are overriden by the subsequent attributes. So, for "S2_S3", final
 * strength will be 3. 3066bis locale overrides individual locale parts.
 * The call to this function is equivalent to a call to ucol_open, followed by a
 * series of calls to ucol_setAttribute and ucol_setVariableTop.
 * @param definition A short string containing a locale and a set of attributes.
 *                   Attributes not explicitly mentioned are left at the default
 *                   state for a locale.
 * @param parseError if not NULL, structure that will get filled with error's pre
 *                   and post context in case of error.
 * @param forceDefaults if FALSE, the settings that are the same as the collator
 *                   default settings will not be applied (for example, setting
 *                   French secondary on a French collator would not be executed).
 *                   If TRUE, all the settings will be applied regardless of the
 *                   collator default value. If the definition
 *                   strings are to be cached, should be set to FALSE.
 * @param status     Error code. Apart from regular error conditions connected to
 *                   instantiating collators (like out of memory or similar), this
 *                   API will return an error if an invalid attribute or attribute/value
 *                   combination is specified.
 * @return           A pointer to a UCollator or 0 if an error occured (including an
 *                   invalid attribute).
 * @see ucol_open
 * @see ucol_setAttribute
 * @see ucol_setVariableTop
 * @see ucol_getShortDefinitionString
 * @see ucol_normalizeShortDefinitionString
 * @stable ICU 3.0
 *
 */
U_STABLE UCollator* U_EXPORT2
ucol_openFromShortString( const char *definition,
                          UBool forceDefaults,
                          UParseError *parseError,
                          UErrorCode *status);

/**
 * Get a set containing the contractions defined by the collator. The set includes
 * both the UCA contractions and the contractions defined by the collator. This set
 * will contain only strings. If a tailoring explicitly suppresses contractions from
 * the UCA (like Russian), removed contractions will not be in the resulting set.
 * @param coll collator
 * @param conts the set to hold the result. It gets emptied before
 *              contractions are added.
 * @param status to hold the error code
 * @return the size of the contraction set
 *
 * @deprecated ICU 3.4, use ucol_getContractionsAndExpansions instead
 */
U_DEPRECATED int32_t U_EXPORT2
ucol_getContractions( const UCollator *coll,
                  USet *conts,
                  UErrorCode *status);

/**
 * Get a set containing the expansions defined by the collator. The set includes
 * both the UCA expansions and the expansions defined by the tailoring
 * @param coll collator
 * @param contractions if not NULL, the set to hold the contractions
 * @param expansions if not NULL, the set to hold the expansions
 * @param addPrefixes add the prefix contextual elements to contractions
 * @param status to hold the error code
 *
 * @stable ICU 3.4
 */
U_STABLE void U_EXPORT2
ucol_getContractionsAndExpansions( const UCollator *coll,
                  USet *contractions, USet *expansions,
                  UBool addPrefixes, UErrorCode *status);

/**
 * Close a UCollator.
 * Once closed, a UCollator should not be used. Every open collator should
 * be closed. Otherwise, a memory leak will result.
 * @param coll The UCollator to close.
 * @see ucol_open
 * @see ucol_openRules
 * @see ucol_safeClone
 * @stable ICU 2.0
 */
U_STABLE void U_EXPORT2
ucol_close(UCollator *coll);

#if U_SHOW_CPLUSPLUS_API

U_NAMESPACE_BEGIN

/**
 * \class LocalUCollatorPointer
 * "Smart pointer" class, closes a UCollator via ucol_close().
 * For most methods see the LocalPointerBase base class.
 *
 * @see LocalPointerBase
 * @see LocalPointer
 * @stable ICU 4.4
 */
U_DEFINE_LOCAL_OPEN_POINTER(LocalUCollatorPointer, UCollator, ucol_close);

U_NAMESPACE_END

#endif

/**
 * Compare two strings.
 * The strings will be compared using the options already specified.
 * @param coll The UCollator containing the comparison rules.
 * @param source The source string.
 * @param sourceLength The length of source, or -1 if null-terminated.
 * @param target The target string.
 * @param targetLength The length of target, or -1 if null-terminated.
 * @return The result of comparing the strings; one of UCOL_EQUAL,
 * UCOL_GREATER, UCOL_LESS
 * @see ucol_greater
 * @see ucol_greaterOrEqual
 * @see ucol_equal
 * @stable ICU 2.0
 */
U_STABLE UCollationResult U_EXPORT2
ucol_strcoll(    const    UCollator    *coll,
        const    UChar        *source,
        int32_t            sourceLength,
        const    UChar        *target,
        int32_t            targetLength);

/**
 * Determine if one string is greater than another.
 * This function is equivalent to {@link #ucol_strcoll } == UCOL_GREATER
 * @param coll The UCollator containing the comparison rules.
 * @param source The source string.
 * @param sourceLength The length of source, or -1 if null-terminated.
 * @param target The target string.
 * @param targetLength The length of target, or -1 if null-terminated.
 * @return TRUE if source is greater than target, FALSE otherwise.
 * @see ucol_strcoll
 * @see ucol_greaterOrEqual
 * @see ucol_equal
 * @stable ICU 2.0
 */
U_STABLE UBool U_EXPORT2
ucol_greater(const UCollator *coll,
             const UChar     *source, int32_t sourceLength,
             const UChar     *target, int32_t targetLength);

/**
 * Determine if one string is greater than or equal to another.
 * This function is equivalent to {@link #ucol_strcoll } != UCOL_LESS
 * @param coll The UCollator containing the comparison rules.
 * @param source The source string.
 * @param sourceLength The length of source, or -1 if null-terminated.
 * @param target The target string.
 * @param targetLength The length of target, or -1 if null-terminated.
 * @return TRUE if source is greater than or equal to target, FALSE otherwise.
 * @see ucol_strcoll
 * @see ucol_greater
 * @see ucol_equal
 * @stable ICU 2.0
 */
U_STABLE UBool U_EXPORT2
ucol_greaterOrEqual(const UCollator *coll,
                    const UChar     *source, int32_t sourceLength,
                    const UChar     *target, int32_t targetLength);

/**
 * Compare two strings for equality.
 * This function is equivalent to {@link #ucol_strcoll } == UCOL_EQUAL
 * @param coll The UCollator containing the comparison rules.
 * @param source The source string.
 * @param sourceLength The length of source, or -1 if null-terminated.
 * @param target The target string.
 * @param targetLength The length of target, or -1 if null-terminated.
 * @return TRUE if source is equal to target, FALSE otherwise
 * @see ucol_strcoll
 * @see ucol_greater
 * @see ucol_greaterOrEqual
 * @stable ICU 2.0
 */
U_STABLE UBool U_EXPORT2
ucol_equal(const UCollator *coll,
           const UChar     *source, int32_t sourceLength,
           const UChar     *target, int32_t targetLength);

/**
 * Compare two UTF-8 encoded trings.
 * The strings will be compared using the options already specified.
 * @param coll The UCollator containing the comparison rules.
 * @param sIter The source string iterator.
 * @param tIter The target string iterator.
 * @return The result of comparing the strings; one of UCOL_EQUAL,
 * UCOL_GREATER, UCOL_LESS
 * @param status A pointer to an UErrorCode to receive any errors
 * @see ucol_strcoll
 * @stable ICU 2.6
 */
U_STABLE UCollationResult U_EXPORT2
ucol_strcollIter(  const    UCollator    *coll,
                  UCharIterator *sIter,
                  UCharIterator *tIter,
                  UErrorCode *status);

/**
 * Get the collation strength used in a UCollator.
 * The strength influences how strings are compared.
 * @param coll The UCollator to query.
 * @return The collation strength; one of UCOL_PRIMARY, UCOL_SECONDARY,
 * UCOL_TERTIARY, UCOL_QUATERNARY, UCOL_IDENTICAL
 * @see ucol_setStrength
 * @stable ICU 2.0
 */
U_STABLE UCollationStrength U_EXPORT2
ucol_getStrength(const UCollator *coll);

/**
 * Set the collation strength used in a UCollator.
 * The strength influences how strings are compared.
 * @param coll The UCollator to set.
 * @param strength The desired collation strength; one of UCOL_PRIMARY,
 * UCOL_SECONDARY, UCOL_TERTIARY, UCOL_QUATERNARY, UCOL_IDENTICAL, UCOL_DEFAULT
 * @see ucol_getStrength
 * @stable ICU 2.0
 */
U_STABLE void U_EXPORT2
ucol_setStrength(UCollator *coll,
                 UCollationStrength strength);

/**
 * Get the current reordering of scripts (if one has been set).
 * @param coll The UCollator to query.
 * @param dest The array to fill with the script ordering.
 * @param destCapacity The length of dest. If it is 0, then dest may be NULL and the function will only return the length of the result without writing any of the result string (pre-flighting).
 * @param pErrorCode Must be a valid pointer to an error code value, which must not indicate a failure before the function call.
 * @return The length of the array of the script ordering.
 * @see ucol_setReorderCodes
 * @internal
 */
U_INTERNAL int32_t U_EXPORT2
ucol_getReorderCodes(const UCollator* coll,
                    int32_t* dest,
                    int32_t destCapacity,
                    UErrorCode *pErrorCode);

/**
 * Set the ordering of scripts for this collator.
 * @param coll The UCollator to set.
 * @param reorderCodes An array of script codes in the new order.
 * @param reorderCodesLength The length of reorderCodes.
 * @param pErrorCode Must be a valid pointer to an error code value, which must not indicate a failure before the function call.
 * @see ucol_getReorderCodes
 * @internal
 */
U_INTERNAL void U_EXPORT2
ucol_setReorderCodes(UCollator* coll,
                    const int32_t* reorderCodes,
                    int32_t reorderCodesLength,
                    UErrorCode *pErrorCode);

/**
 * Get the display name for a UCollator.
 * The display name is suitable for presentation to a user.
 * @param objLoc The locale of the collator in question.
 * @param dispLoc The locale for display.
 * @param result A pointer to a buffer to receive the attribute.
 * @param resultLength The maximum size of result.
 * @param status A pointer to an UErrorCode to receive any errors
 * @return The total buffer size needed; if greater than resultLength,
 * the output was truncated.
 * @stable ICU 2.0
 */
U_STABLE int32_t U_EXPORT2
ucol_getDisplayName(    const    char        *objLoc,
            const    char        *dispLoc,
            UChar             *result,
            int32_t         resultLength,
            UErrorCode        *status);

/**
 * Get a locale for which collation rules are available.
 * A UCollator in a locale returned by this function will perform the correct
 * collation for the locale.
 * @param localeIndex The index of the desired locale.
 * @return A locale for which collation rules are available, or 0 if none.
 * @see ucol_countAvailable
 * @stable ICU 2.0
 */
U_STABLE const char* U_EXPORT2
ucol_getAvailable(int32_t localeIndex);

/**
 * Determine how many locales have collation rules available.
 * This function is most useful as determining the loop ending condition for
 * calls to {@link #ucol_getAvailable }.
 * @return The number of locales for which collation rules are available.
 * @see ucol_getAvailable
 * @stable ICU 2.0
 */
U_STABLE int32_t U_EXPORT2
ucol_countAvailable(void);

#if !UCONFIG_NO_SERVICE
/**
 * Create a string enumerator of all locales for which a valid
 * collator may be opened.
 * @param status input-output error code
 * @return a string enumeration over locale strings. The caller is
 * responsible for closing the result.
 * @stable ICU 3.0
 */
U_STABLE UEnumeration* U_EXPORT2
ucol_openAvailableLocales(UErrorCode *status);
#endif

/**
 * Create a string enumerator of all possible keywords that are relevant to
 * collation. At this point, the only recognized keyword for this
 * service is "collation".
 * @param status input-output error code
 * @return a string enumeration over locale strings. The caller is
 * responsible for closing the result.
 * @stable ICU 3.0
 */
U_STABLE UEnumeration* U_EXPORT2
ucol_getKeywords(UErrorCode *status);

/**
 * Given a keyword, create a string enumeration of all values
 * for that keyword that are currently in use.
 * @param keyword a particular keyword as enumerated by
 * ucol_getKeywords. If any other keyword is passed in, *status is set
 * to U_ILLEGAL_ARGUMENT_ERROR.
 * @param status input-output error code
 * @return a string enumeration over collation keyword values, or NULL
 * upon error. The caller is responsible for closing the result.
 * @stable ICU 3.0
 */
U_STABLE UEnumeration* U_EXPORT2
ucol_getKeywordValues(const char *keyword, UErrorCode *status);

/**
 * Given a key and a locale, returns an array of string values in a preferred
 * order that would make a difference. These are all and only those values where
 * the open (creation) of the service with the locale formed from the input locale
 * plus input keyword and that value has different behavior than creation with the
 * input locale alone.
 * @param key           one of the keys supported by this service.  For now, only
 *                      "collation" is supported.
 * @param locale        the locale
 * @param commonlyUsed  if set to true it will return only commonly used values
 *                      with the given locale in preferred order.  Otherwise,
 *                      it will return all the available values for the locale.
 * @param status error status
 * @return a string enumeration over keyword values for the given key and the locale.
 * @stable ICU 4.2
 */
U_STABLE UEnumeration* U_EXPORT2
ucol_getKeywordValuesForLocale(const char* key,
                               const char* locale,
                               UBool commonlyUsed,
                               UErrorCode* status);

/**
 * Return the functionally equivalent locale for the given
 * requested locale, with respect to given keyword, for the
 * collation service.  If two locales return the same result, then
 * collators instantiated for these locales will behave
 * equivalently.  The converse is not always true; two collators
 * may in fact be equivalent, but return different results, due to
 * internal details.  The return result has no other meaning than
 * that stated above, and implies nothing as to the relationship
 * between the two locales.  This is intended for use by
 * applications who wish to cache collators, or otherwise reuse
 * collators when possible.  The functional equivalent may change
 * over time.  For more information, please see the <a
 * href="http://icu-project.org/userguide/locale.html#services">
 * Locales and Services</a> section of the ICU User Guide.
 * @param result fillin for the functionally equivalent locale
 * @param resultCapacity capacity of the fillin buffer
 * @param keyword a particular keyword as enumerated by
 * ucol_getKeywords.
 * @param locale the requested locale
 * @param isAvailable if non-NULL, pointer to a fillin parameter that
 * indicates whether the requested locale was 'available' to the
 * collation service. A locale is defined as 'available' if it
 * physically exists within the collation locale data.
 * @param status pointer to input-output error code
 * @return the actual buffer size needed for the locale.  If greater
 * than resultCapacity, the returned full name will be truncated and
 * an error code will be returned.
 * @stable ICU 3.0
 */
U_STABLE int32_t U_EXPORT2
ucol_getFunctionalEquivalent(char* result, int32_t resultCapacity,
                             const char* keyword, const char* locale,
                             UBool* isAvailable, UErrorCode* status);

/**
 * Get the collation rules from a UCollator.
 * The rules will follow the rule syntax.
 * @param coll The UCollator to query.
 * @param length
 * @return The collation rules.
 * @stable ICU 2.0
 */
U_STABLE const UChar* U_EXPORT2
ucol_getRules(    const    UCollator    *coll,
        int32_t            *length);

/** Get the short definition string for a collator. This API harvests the collator's
 *  locale and the attribute set and produces a string that can be used for opening
 *  a collator with the same properties using the ucol_openFromShortString API.
 *  This string will be normalized.
 *  The structure and the syntax of the string is defined in the "Naming collators"
 *  section of the users guide:
 *  http://icu-project.org/userguide/Collate_Concepts.html#Naming_Collators
 *  This API supports preflighting.
 *  @param coll a collator
 *  @param locale a locale that will appear as a collators locale in the resulting
 *                short string definition. If NULL, the locale will be harvested
 *                from the collator.
 *  @param buffer space to hold the resulting string
 *  @param capacity capacity of the buffer
 *  @param status for returning errors. All the preflighting errors are featured
 *  @return length of the resulting string
 *  @see ucol_openFromShortString
 *  @see ucol_normalizeShortDefinitionString
 *  @stable ICU 3.0
 */
U_STABLE int32_t U_EXPORT2
ucol_getShortDefinitionString(const UCollator *coll,
                              const char *locale,
                              char *buffer,
                              int32_t capacity,
                              UErrorCode *status);

/** Verifies and normalizes short definition string.
 *  Normalized short definition string has all the option sorted by the argument name,
 *  so that equivalent definition strings are the same.
 *  This API supports preflighting.
 *  @param source definition string
 *  @param destination space to hold the resulting string
 *  @param capacity capacity of the buffer
 *  @param parseError if not NULL, structure that will get filled with error's pre
 *                   and post context in case of error.
 *  @param status     Error code. This API will return an error if an invalid attribute
 *                    or attribute/value combination is specified. All the preflighting
 *                    errors are also featured
 *  @return length of the resulting normalized string.
 *
 *  @see ucol_openFromShortString
 *  @see ucol_getShortDefinitionString
 *
 *  @stable ICU 3.0
 */

U_STABLE int32_t U_EXPORT2
ucol_normalizeShortDefinitionString(const char *source,
                                    char *destination,
                                    int32_t capacity,
                                    UParseError *parseError,
                                    UErrorCode *status);


/**
 * Get a sort key for a string from a UCollator.
 * Sort keys may be compared using <TT>strcmp</TT>.
 *
 * Like ICU functions that write to an output buffer, the buffer contents
 * is undefined if the buffer capacity (resultLength parameter) is too small.
 * Unlike ICU functions that write a string to an output buffer,
 * the terminating zero byte is counted in the sort key length.
 * @param coll The UCollator containing the collation rules.
 * @param source The string to transform.
 * @param sourceLength The length of source, or -1 if null-terminated.
 * @param result A pointer to a buffer to receive the attribute.
 * @param resultLength The maximum size of result.
 * @return The size needed to fully store the sort key.
 *      If there was an internal error generating the sort key,
 *      a zero value is returned.
 * @see ucol_keyHashCode
 * @stable ICU 2.0
 */
U_STABLE int32_t U_EXPORT2
ucol_getSortKey(const    UCollator    *coll,
        const    UChar        *source,
        int32_t        sourceLength,
        uint8_t        *result,
        int32_t        resultLength);


/** Gets the next count bytes of a sort key. Caller needs
 *  to preserve state array between calls and to provide
 *  the same type of UCharIterator set with the same string.
 *  The destination buffer provided must be big enough to store
 *  the number of requested bytes. Generated sortkey is not
 *  compatible with sortkeys generated using ucol_getSortKey
 *  API, since we don't do any compression. If uncompressed
 *  sortkeys are required, this API can be used.
 *  @param coll The UCollator containing the collation rules.
 *  @param iter UCharIterator containing the string we need
 *              the sort key to be calculated for.
 *  @param state Opaque state of sortkey iteration.
 *  @param dest Buffer to hold the resulting sortkey part
 *  @param count number of sort key bytes required.
 *  @param status error code indicator.
 *  @return the actual number of bytes of a sortkey. It can be
 *          smaller than count if we have reached the end of
 *          the sort key.
 *  @stable ICU 2.6
 */
U_STABLE int32_t U_EXPORT2
ucol_nextSortKeyPart(const UCollator *coll,
                     UCharIterator *iter,
                     uint32_t state[2],
                     uint8_t *dest, int32_t count,
                     UErrorCode *status);

/** enum that is taken by ucol_getBound API
 * See below for explanation
 * do not change the values assigned to the
 * members of this enum. Underlying code
 * depends on them having these numbers
 * @stable ICU 2.0
 */
typedef enum {
  /** lower bound */
  UCOL_BOUND_LOWER = 0,
  /** upper bound that will match strings of exact size */
  UCOL_BOUND_UPPER = 1,
  /** upper bound that will match all the strings that have the same initial substring as the given string */
  UCOL_BOUND_UPPER_LONG = 2,
  UCOL_BOUND_VALUE_COUNT
} UColBoundMode;

/**
 * Produce a bound for a given sortkey and a number of levels.
 * Return value is always the number of bytes needed, regardless of
 * whether the result buffer was big enough or even valid.<br>
 * Resulting bounds can be used to produce a range of strings that are
 * between upper and lower bounds. For example, if bounds are produced
 * for a sortkey of string "smith", strings between upper and lower
 * bounds with one level would include "Smith", "SMITH", "sMiTh".<br>
 * There are two upper bounds that can be produced. If UCOL_BOUND_UPPER
 * is produced, strings matched would be as above. However, if bound
 * produced using UCOL_BOUND_UPPER_LONG is used, the above example will
 * also match "Smithsonian" and similar.<br>
 * For more on usage, see example in cintltst/capitst.c in procedure
 * TestBounds.
 * Sort keys may be compared using <TT>strcmp</TT>.
 * @param source The source sortkey.
 * @param sourceLength The length of source, or -1 if null-terminated.
 *                     (If an unmodified sortkey is passed, it is always null
 *                      terminated).
 * @param boundType Type of bound required. It can be UCOL_BOUND_LOWER, which
 *                  produces a lower inclusive bound, UCOL_BOUND_UPPER, that
 *                  produces upper bound that matches strings of the same length
 *                  or UCOL_BOUND_UPPER_LONG that matches strings that have the
 *                  same starting substring as the source string.
 * @param noOfLevels  Number of levels required in the resulting bound (for most
 *                    uses, the recommended value is 1). See users guide for
 *                    explanation on number of levels a sortkey can have.
 * @param result A pointer to a buffer to receive the resulting sortkey.
 * @param resultLength The maximum size of result.
 * @param status Used for returning error code if something went wrong. If the
 *               number of levels requested is higher than the number of levels
 *               in the source key, a warning (U_SORT_KEY_TOO_SHORT_WARNING) is
 *               issued.
 * @return The size needed to fully store the bound.
 * @see ucol_keyHashCode
 * @stable ICU 2.1
 */
U_STABLE int32_t U_EXPORT2
ucol_getBound(const uint8_t       *source,
        int32_t             sourceLength,
        UColBoundMode       boundType,
        uint32_t            noOfLevels,
        uint8_t             *result,
        int32_t             resultLength,
        UErrorCode          *status);

/**
 * Gets the version information for a Collator. Version is currently
 * an opaque 32-bit number which depends, among other things, on major
 * versions of the collator tailoring and UCA.
 * @param coll The UCollator to query.
 * @param info the version # information, the result will be filled in
 * @stable ICU 2.0
 */
U_STABLE void U_EXPORT2
ucol_getVersion(const UCollator* coll, UVersionInfo info);

/**
 * Gets the UCA version information for a Collator. Version is the
 * UCA version number (3.1.1, 4.0).
 * @param coll The UCollator to query.
 * @param info the version # information, the result will be filled in
 * @stable ICU 2.8
 */
U_STABLE void U_EXPORT2
ucol_getUCAVersion(const UCollator* coll, UVersionInfo info);

/**
 * Merge two sort keys. The levels are merged with their corresponding counterparts
 * (primaries with primaries, secondaries with secondaries etc.). Between the values
 * from the same level a separator is inserted.
 * example (uncompressed):
 * 191B1D 01 050505 01 910505 00 and 1F2123 01 050505 01 910505 00
 * will be merged as
 * 191B1D 02 1F212301 050505 02 050505 01 910505 02 910505 00
 * This allows for concatenating of first and last names for sorting, among other things.
 * If the destination buffer is not big enough, the results are undefined.
 * If any of source lengths are zero or any of source pointers are NULL/undefined,
 * result is of size zero.
 * @param src1 pointer to the first sortkey
 * @param src1Length length of the first sortkey
 * @param src2 pointer to the second sortkey
 * @param src2Length length of the second sortkey
 * @param dest buffer to hold the result
 * @param destCapacity size of the buffer for the result
 * @return size of the result. If the buffer is big enough size is always
 *         src1Length+src2Length-1
 * @stable ICU 2.0
 */
U_STABLE int32_t U_EXPORT2
ucol_mergeSortkeys(const uint8_t *src1, int32_t src1Length,
                   const uint8_t *src2, int32_t src2Length,
                   uint8_t *dest, int32_t destCapacity);

/**
 * Universal attribute setter
 * @param coll collator which attributes are to be changed
 * @param attr attribute type
 * @param value attribute value
 * @param status to indicate whether the operation went on smoothly or there were errors
 * @see UColAttribute
 * @see UColAttributeValue
 * @see ucol_getAttribute
 * @stable ICU 2.0
 */
U_STABLE void U_EXPORT2
ucol_setAttribute(UCollator *coll, UColAttribute attr, UColAttributeValue value, UErrorCode *status);

/**
 * Universal attribute getter
 * @param coll collator which attributes are to be changed
 * @param attr attribute type
 * @return attribute value
 * @param status to indicate whether the operation went on smoothly or there were errors
 * @see UColAttribute
 * @see UColAttributeValue
 * @see ucol_setAttribute
 * @stable ICU 2.0
 */
U_STABLE UColAttributeValue  U_EXPORT2
ucol_getAttribute(const UCollator *coll, UColAttribute attr, UErrorCode *status);

/** Variable top
 * is a two byte primary value which causes all the codepoints with primary values that
 * are less or equal than the variable top to be shifted when alternate handling is set
 * to UCOL_SHIFTED.
 * Sets the variable top to a collation element value of a string supplied.
 * @param coll collator which variable top needs to be changed
 * @param varTop one or more (if contraction) UChars to which the variable top should be set
 * @param len length of variable top string. If -1 it is considered to be zero terminated.
 * @param status error code. If error code is set, the return value is undefined.
 *               Errors set by this function are: <br>
 *    U_CE_NOT_FOUND_ERROR if more than one character was passed and there is no such
 *    a contraction<br>
 *    U_PRIMARY_TOO_LONG_ERROR if the primary for the variable top has more than two bytes
 * @return a 32 bit value containing the value of the variable top in upper 16 bits.
 *         Lower 16 bits are undefined
 * @see ucol_getVariableTop
 * @see ucol_restoreVariableTop
 * @stable ICU 2.0
 */
U_STABLE uint32_t U_EXPORT2
ucol_setVariableTop(UCollator *coll,
                    const UChar *varTop, int32_t len,
                    UErrorCode *status);

/**
 * Gets the variable top value of a Collator.
 * Lower 16 bits are undefined and should be ignored.
 * @param coll collator which variable top needs to be retrieved
 * @param status error code (not changed by function). If error code is set,
 *               the return value is undefined.
 * @return the variable top value of a Collator.
 * @see ucol_setVariableTop
 * @see ucol_restoreVariableTop
 * @stable ICU 2.0
 */
U_STABLE uint32_t U_EXPORT2 ucol_getVariableTop(const UCollator *coll, UErrorCode *status);

/**
 * Sets the variable top to a collation element value supplied. Variable top is
 * set to the upper 16 bits.
 * Lower 16 bits are ignored.
 * @param coll collator which variable top needs to be changed
 * @param varTop CE value, as returned by ucol_setVariableTop or ucol)getVariableTop
 * @param status error code (not changed by function)
 * @see ucol_getVariableTop
 * @see ucol_setVariableTop
 * @stable ICU 2.0
 */
U_STABLE void U_EXPORT2
ucol_restoreVariableTop(UCollator *coll, const uint32_t varTop, UErrorCode *status);

/**
 * Thread safe cloning operation. The result is a clone of a given collator.
 * @param coll collator to be cloned
 * @param stackBuffer user allocated space for the new clone.
 * If NULL new memory will be allocated.
 *  If buffer is not large enough, new memory will be allocated.
 *  Clients can use the U_COL_SAFECLONE_BUFFERSIZE.
 *  This will probably be enough to avoid memory allocations.
 * @param pBufferSize pointer to size of allocated space.
 *  If *pBufferSize == 0, a sufficient size for use in cloning will
 *  be returned ('pre-flighting')
 *  If *pBufferSize is not enough for a stack-based safe clone,
 *  new memory will be allocated.
 * @param status to indicate whether the operation went on smoothly or there were errors
 *    An informational status value, U_SAFECLONE_ALLOCATED_ERROR, is used if any
 * allocations were necessary.
 * @return pointer to the new clone
 * @see ucol_open
 * @see ucol_openRules
 * @see ucol_close
 * @stable ICU 2.0
 */
U_STABLE UCollator* U_EXPORT2
ucol_safeClone(const UCollator *coll,
               void            *stackBuffer,
               int32_t         *pBufferSize,
               UErrorCode      *status);

/** default memory size for the new clone. It needs to be this large for os/400 large pointers
 * @stable ICU 2.0
 */
#define U_COL_SAFECLONE_BUFFERSIZE 512

/**
 * Returns current rules. Delta defines whether full rules are returned or just the tailoring.
 * Returns number of UChars needed to store rules. If buffer is NULL or bufferLen is not enough
 * to store rules, will store up to available space.
 * @param coll collator to get the rules from
 * @param delta one of UCOL_TAILORING_ONLY, UCOL_FULL_RULES.
 * @param buffer buffer to store the result in. If NULL, you'll get no rules.
 * @param bufferLen lenght of buffer to store rules in. If less then needed you'll get only the part that fits in.
 * @return current rules
 * @stable ICU 2.0
 */
U_STABLE int32_t U_EXPORT2
ucol_getRulesEx(const UCollator *coll, UColRuleOption delta, UChar *buffer, int32_t bufferLen);

/**
 * gets the locale name of the collator. If the collator
 * is instantiated from the rules, then this function returns
 * NULL.
 * @param coll The UCollator for which the locale is needed
 * @param type You can choose between requested, valid and actual
 *             locale. For description see the definition of
 *             ULocDataLocaleType in uloc.h
 * @param status error code of the operation
 * @return real locale name from which the collation data comes.
 *         If the collator was instantiated from rules, returns
 *         NULL.
 * @deprecated ICU 2.8 Use ucol_getLocaleByType instead
 */
U_DEPRECATED const char * U_EXPORT2
ucol_getLocale(const UCollator *coll, ULocDataLocaleType type, UErrorCode *status);


/**
 * gets the locale name of the collator. If the collator
 * is instantiated from the rules, then this function returns
 * NULL.
 * @param coll The UCollator for which the locale is needed
 * @param type You can choose between requested, valid and actual
 *             locale. For description see the definition of
 *             ULocDataLocaleType in uloc.h
 * @param status error code of the operation
 * @return real locale name from which the collation data comes.
 *         If the collator was instantiated from rules, returns
 *         NULL.
 * @stable ICU 2.8
 */
U_STABLE const char * U_EXPORT2
ucol_getLocaleByType(const UCollator *coll, ULocDataLocaleType type, UErrorCode *status);

/**
 * Get an Unicode set that contains all the characters and sequences tailored in
 * this collator. The result must be disposed of by using uset_close.
 * @param coll        The UCollator for which we want to get tailored chars
 * @param status      error code of the operation
 * @return a pointer to newly created USet. Must be be disposed by using uset_close
 * @see ucol_openRules
 * @see uset_close
 * @stable ICU 2.4
 */
U_STABLE USet * U_EXPORT2
ucol_getTailoredSet(const UCollator *coll, UErrorCode *status);

/**
 * Universal attribute getter that returns UCOL_DEFAULT if the value is default
 * @param coll collator which attributes are to be changed
 * @param attr attribute type
 * @return attribute value or UCOL_DEFAULT if the value is default
 * @param status to indicate whether the operation went on smoothly or there were errors
 * @see UColAttribute
 * @see UColAttributeValue
 * @see ucol_setAttribute
 * @internal ICU 3.0
 */
U_INTERNAL UColAttributeValue  U_EXPORT2
ucol_getAttributeOrDefault(const UCollator *coll, UColAttribute attr, UErrorCode *status);

/** Check whether two collators are equal. Collators are considered equal if they
 *  will sort strings the same. This means that both the current attributes and the
 *  rules must be equivalent. Currently used for RuleBasedCollator::operator==.
 *  @param source first collator
 *  @param target second collator
 *  @return TRUE or FALSE
 *  @internal ICU 3.0
 */
U_INTERNAL UBool U_EXPORT2
ucol_equals(const UCollator *source, const UCollator *target);

/** Calculates the set of unsafe code points, given a collator.
 *   A character is unsafe if you could append any character and cause the ordering to alter significantly.
 *   Collation sorts in normalized order, so anything that rearranges in normalization can cause this.
 *   Thus if you have a character like a_umlaut, and you add a lower_dot to it,
 *   then it normalizes to a_lower_dot + umlaut, and sorts differently.
 *  @param coll Collator
 *  @param unsafe a fill-in set to receive the unsafe points
 *  @param status for catching errors
 *  @return number of elements in the set
 *  @internal ICU 3.0
 */
U_INTERNAL int32_t U_EXPORT2
ucol_getUnsafeSet( const UCollator *coll,
                  USet *unsafe,
                  UErrorCode *status);

/** Reset UCA's static pointers. You don't want to use this, unless your static memory can go away.
 * @internal ICU 3.2.1
 */
U_INTERNAL void U_EXPORT2
ucol_forgetUCA(void);

/** Touches all resources needed for instantiating a collator from a short string definition,
 *  thus filling up the cache.
 * @param definition A short string containing a locale and a set of attributes.
 *                   Attributes not explicitly mentioned are left at the default
 *                   state for a locale.
 * @param parseError if not NULL, structure that will get filled with error's pre
 *                   and post context in case of error.
 * @param forceDefaults if FALSE, the settings that are the same as the collator
 *                   default settings will not be applied (for example, setting
 *                   French secondary on a French collator would not be executed).
 *                   If TRUE, all the settings will be applied regardless of the
 *                   collator default value. If the definition
 *                   strings are to be cached, should be set to FALSE.
 * @param status     Error code. Apart from regular error conditions connected to
 *                   instantiating collators (like out of memory or similar), this
 *                   API will return an error if an invalid attribute or attribute/value
 *                   combination is specified.
 * @see ucol_openFromShortString
 * @internal ICU 3.2.1
 */
U_INTERNAL void U_EXPORT2
ucol_prepareShortStringOpen( const char *definition,
                          UBool forceDefaults,
                          UParseError *parseError,
                          UErrorCode *status);

/** Creates a binary image of a collator. This binary image can be stored and
 *  later used to instantiate a collator using ucol_openBinary.
 *  This API supports preflighting.
 *  @param coll Collator
 *  @param buffer a fill-in buffer to receive the binary image
 *  @param capacity capacity of the destination buffer
 *  @param status for catching errors
 *  @return size of the image
 *  @see ucol_openBinary
 *  @stable ICU 3.2
 */
U_STABLE int32_t U_EXPORT2
ucol_cloneBinary(const UCollator *coll,
                 uint8_t *buffer, int32_t capacity,
                 UErrorCode *status);

/** Opens a collator from a collator binary image created using
 *  ucol_cloneBinary. Binary image used in instantiation of the
 *  collator remains owned by the user and should stay around for
 *  the lifetime of the collator. The API also takes a base collator
 *  which usualy should be UCA.
 *  @param bin binary image owned by the user and required through the
 *             lifetime of the collator
 *  @param length size of the image. If negative, the API will try to
 *                figure out the length of the image
 *  @param base fallback collator, usually UCA. Base is required to be
 *              present through the lifetime of the collator. Currently
 *              it cannot be NULL.
 *  @param status for catching errors
 *  @return newly created collator
 *  @see ucol_cloneBinary
 *  @stable ICU 3.2
 */
U_STABLE UCollator* U_EXPORT2
ucol_openBinary(const uint8_t *bin, int32_t length,
                const UCollator *base,
                UErrorCode *status);


#endif /* #if !UCONFIG_NO_COLLATION */

#endif