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      1 /*
      2 ** 2001 September 15
      3 **
      4 ** The author disclaims copyright to this source code.  In place of
      5 ** a legal notice, here is a blessing:
      6 **
      7 **    May you do good and not evil.
      8 **    May you find forgiveness for yourself and forgive others.
      9 **    May you share freely, never taking more than you give.
     10 **
     11 *************************************************************************
     12 ** This file contains C code routines that are called by the parser
     13 ** in order to generate code for DELETE FROM statements.
     14 */
     15 #include "sqliteInt.h"
     16 
     17 /*
     18 ** While a SrcList can in general represent multiple tables and subqueries
     19 ** (as in the FROM clause of a SELECT statement) in this case it contains
     20 ** the name of a single table, as one might find in an INSERT, DELETE,
     21 ** or UPDATE statement.  Look up that table in the symbol table and
     22 ** return a pointer.  Set an error message and return NULL if the table
     23 ** name is not found or if any other error occurs.
     24 **
     25 ** The following fields are initialized appropriate in pSrc:
     26 **
     27 **    pSrc->a[0].pTab       Pointer to the Table object
     28 **    pSrc->a[0].pIndex     Pointer to the INDEXED BY index, if there is one
     29 **
     30 */
     31 Table *sqlite3SrcListLookup(Parse *pParse, SrcList *pSrc){
     32   struct SrcList_item *pItem = pSrc->a;
     33   Table *pTab;
     34   assert( pItem && pSrc->nSrc==1 );
     35   pTab = sqlite3LocateTable(pParse, 0, pItem->zName, pItem->zDatabase);
     36   sqlite3DeleteTable(pParse->db, pItem->pTab);
     37   pItem->pTab = pTab;
     38   if( pTab ){
     39     pTab->nRef++;
     40   }
     41   if( sqlite3IndexedByLookup(pParse, pItem) ){
     42     pTab = 0;
     43   }
     44   return pTab;
     45 }
     46 
     47 /*
     48 ** Check to make sure the given table is writable.  If it is not
     49 ** writable, generate an error message and return 1.  If it is
     50 ** writable return 0;
     51 */
     52 int sqlite3IsReadOnly(Parse *pParse, Table *pTab, int viewOk){
     53   /* A table is not writable under the following circumstances:
     54   **
     55   **   1) It is a virtual table and no implementation of the xUpdate method
     56   **      has been provided, or
     57   **   2) It is a system table (i.e. sqlite_master), this call is not
     58   **      part of a nested parse and writable_schema pragma has not
     59   **      been specified.
     60   **
     61   ** In either case leave an error message in pParse and return non-zero.
     62   */
     63   if( ( IsVirtual(pTab)
     64      && sqlite3GetVTable(pParse->db, pTab)->pMod->pModule->xUpdate==0 )
     65    || ( (pTab->tabFlags & TF_Readonly)!=0
     66      && (pParse->db->flags & SQLITE_WriteSchema)==0
     67      && pParse->nested==0 )
     68   ){
     69     sqlite3ErrorMsg(pParse, "table %s may not be modified", pTab->zName);
     70     return 1;
     71   }
     72 
     73 #ifndef SQLITE_OMIT_VIEW
     74   if( !viewOk && pTab->pSelect ){
     75     sqlite3ErrorMsg(pParse,"cannot modify %s because it is a view",pTab->zName);
     76     return 1;
     77   }
     78 #endif
     79   return 0;
     80 }
     81 
     82 
     83 #if !defined(SQLITE_OMIT_VIEW) && !defined(SQLITE_OMIT_TRIGGER)
     84 /*
     85 ** Evaluate a view and store its result in an ephemeral table.  The
     86 ** pWhere argument is an optional WHERE clause that restricts the
     87 ** set of rows in the view that are to be added to the ephemeral table.
     88 */
     89 void sqlite3MaterializeView(
     90   Parse *pParse,       /* Parsing context */
     91   Table *pView,        /* View definition */
     92   Expr *pWhere,        /* Optional WHERE clause to be added */
     93   int iCur             /* Cursor number for ephemerial table */
     94 ){
     95   SelectDest dest;
     96   Select *pDup;
     97   sqlite3 *db = pParse->db;
     98 
     99   pDup = sqlite3SelectDup(db, pView->pSelect, 0);
    100   if( pWhere ){
    101     SrcList *pFrom;
    102 
    103     pWhere = sqlite3ExprDup(db, pWhere, 0);
    104     pFrom = sqlite3SrcListAppend(db, 0, 0, 0);
    105     if( pFrom ){
    106       assert( pFrom->nSrc==1 );
    107       pFrom->a[0].zAlias = sqlite3DbStrDup(db, pView->zName);
    108       pFrom->a[0].pSelect = pDup;
    109       assert( pFrom->a[0].pOn==0 );
    110       assert( pFrom->a[0].pUsing==0 );
    111     }else{
    112       sqlite3SelectDelete(db, pDup);
    113     }
    114     pDup = sqlite3SelectNew(pParse, 0, pFrom, pWhere, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0);
    115   }
    116   sqlite3SelectDestInit(&dest, SRT_EphemTab, iCur);
    117   sqlite3Select(pParse, pDup, &dest);
    118   sqlite3SelectDelete(db, pDup);
    119 }
    120 #endif /* !defined(SQLITE_OMIT_VIEW) && !defined(SQLITE_OMIT_TRIGGER) */
    121 
    122 #if defined(SQLITE_ENABLE_UPDATE_DELETE_LIMIT) && !defined(SQLITE_OMIT_SUBQUERY)
    123 /*
    124 ** Generate an expression tree to implement the WHERE, ORDER BY,
    125 ** and LIMIT/OFFSET portion of DELETE and UPDATE statements.
    126 **
    127 **     DELETE FROM table_wxyz WHERE a<5 ORDER BY a LIMIT 1;
    128 **                            \__________________________/
    129 **                               pLimitWhere (pInClause)
    130 */
    131 Expr *sqlite3LimitWhere(
    132   Parse *pParse,               /* The parser context */
    133   SrcList *pSrc,               /* the FROM clause -- which tables to scan */
    134   Expr *pWhere,                /* The WHERE clause.  May be null */
    135   ExprList *pOrderBy,          /* The ORDER BY clause.  May be null */
    136   Expr *pLimit,                /* The LIMIT clause.  May be null */
    137   Expr *pOffset,               /* The OFFSET clause.  May be null */
    138   char *zStmtType              /* Either DELETE or UPDATE.  For error messages. */
    139 ){
    140   Expr *pWhereRowid = NULL;    /* WHERE rowid .. */
    141   Expr *pInClause = NULL;      /* WHERE rowid IN ( select ) */
    142   Expr *pSelectRowid = NULL;   /* SELECT rowid ... */
    143   ExprList *pEList = NULL;     /* Expression list contaning only pSelectRowid */
    144   SrcList *pSelectSrc = NULL;  /* SELECT rowid FROM x ... (dup of pSrc) */
    145   Select *pSelect = NULL;      /* Complete SELECT tree */
    146 
    147   /* Check that there isn't an ORDER BY without a LIMIT clause.
    148   */
    149   if( pOrderBy && (pLimit == 0) ) {
    150     sqlite3ErrorMsg(pParse, "ORDER BY without LIMIT on %s", zStmtType);
    151     pParse->parseError = 1;
    152     goto limit_where_cleanup_2;
    153   }
    154 
    155   /* We only need to generate a select expression if there
    156   ** is a limit/offset term to enforce.
    157   */
    158   if( pLimit == 0 ) {
    159     /* if pLimit is null, pOffset will always be null as well. */
    160     assert( pOffset == 0 );
    161     return pWhere;
    162   }
    163 
    164   /* Generate a select expression tree to enforce the limit/offset
    165   ** term for the DELETE or UPDATE statement.  For example:
    166   **   DELETE FROM table_a WHERE col1=1 ORDER BY col2 LIMIT 1 OFFSET 1
    167   ** becomes:
    168   **   DELETE FROM table_a WHERE rowid IN (
    169   **     SELECT rowid FROM table_a WHERE col1=1 ORDER BY col2 LIMIT 1 OFFSET 1
    170   **   );
    171   */
    172 
    173   pSelectRowid = sqlite3PExpr(pParse, TK_ROW, 0, 0, 0);
    174   if( pSelectRowid == 0 ) goto limit_where_cleanup_2;
    175   pEList = sqlite3ExprListAppend(pParse, 0, pSelectRowid);
    176   if( pEList == 0 ) goto limit_where_cleanup_2;
    177 
    178   /* duplicate the FROM clause as it is needed by both the DELETE/UPDATE tree
    179   ** and the SELECT subtree. */
    180   pSelectSrc = sqlite3SrcListDup(pParse->db, pSrc, 0);
    181   if( pSelectSrc == 0 ) {
    182     sqlite3ExprListDelete(pParse->db, pEList);
    183     goto limit_where_cleanup_2;
    184   }
    185 
    186   /* generate the SELECT expression tree. */
    187   pSelect = sqlite3SelectNew(pParse,pEList,pSelectSrc,pWhere,0,0,
    188                              pOrderBy,0,pLimit,pOffset);
    189   if( pSelect == 0 ) return 0;
    190 
    191   /* now generate the new WHERE rowid IN clause for the DELETE/UDPATE */
    192   pWhereRowid = sqlite3PExpr(pParse, TK_ROW, 0, 0, 0);
    193   if( pWhereRowid == 0 ) goto limit_where_cleanup_1;
    194   pInClause = sqlite3PExpr(pParse, TK_IN, pWhereRowid, 0, 0);
    195   if( pInClause == 0 ) goto limit_where_cleanup_1;
    196 
    197   pInClause->x.pSelect = pSelect;
    198   pInClause->flags |= EP_xIsSelect;
    199   sqlite3ExprSetHeight(pParse, pInClause);
    200   return pInClause;
    201 
    202   /* something went wrong. clean up anything allocated. */
    203 limit_where_cleanup_1:
    204   sqlite3SelectDelete(pParse->db, pSelect);
    205   return 0;
    206 
    207 limit_where_cleanup_2:
    208   sqlite3ExprDelete(pParse->db, pWhere);
    209   sqlite3ExprListDelete(pParse->db, pOrderBy);
    210   sqlite3ExprDelete(pParse->db, pLimit);
    211   sqlite3ExprDelete(pParse->db, pOffset);
    212   return 0;
    213 }
    214 #endif /* defined(SQLITE_ENABLE_UPDATE_DELETE_LIMIT) && !defined(SQLITE_OMIT_SUBQUERY) */
    215 
    216 /*
    217 ** Generate code for a DELETE FROM statement.
    218 **
    219 **     DELETE FROM table_wxyz WHERE a<5 AND b NOT NULL;
    220 **                 \________/       \________________/
    221 **                  pTabList              pWhere
    222 */
    223 void sqlite3DeleteFrom(
    224   Parse *pParse,         /* The parser context */
    225   SrcList *pTabList,     /* The table from which we should delete things */
    226   Expr *pWhere           /* The WHERE clause.  May be null */
    227 ){
    228   Vdbe *v;               /* The virtual database engine */
    229   Table *pTab;           /* The table from which records will be deleted */
    230   const char *zDb;       /* Name of database holding pTab */
    231   int end, addr = 0;     /* A couple addresses of generated code */
    232   int i;                 /* Loop counter */
    233   WhereInfo *pWInfo;     /* Information about the WHERE clause */
    234   Index *pIdx;           /* For looping over indices of the table */
    235   int iCur;              /* VDBE Cursor number for pTab */
    236   sqlite3 *db;           /* Main database structure */
    237   AuthContext sContext;  /* Authorization context */
    238   NameContext sNC;       /* Name context to resolve expressions in */
    239   int iDb;               /* Database number */
    240   int memCnt = -1;       /* Memory cell used for change counting */
    241   int rcauth;            /* Value returned by authorization callback */
    242 
    243 #ifndef SQLITE_OMIT_TRIGGER
    244   int isView;                  /* True if attempting to delete from a view */
    245   Trigger *pTrigger;           /* List of table triggers, if required */
    246 #endif
    247 
    248   memset(&sContext, 0, sizeof(sContext));
    249   db = pParse->db;
    250   if( pParse->nErr || db->mallocFailed ){
    251     goto delete_from_cleanup;
    252   }
    253   assert( pTabList->nSrc==1 );
    254 
    255   /* Locate the table which we want to delete.  This table has to be
    256   ** put in an SrcList structure because some of the subroutines we
    257   ** will be calling are designed to work with multiple tables and expect
    258   ** an SrcList* parameter instead of just a Table* parameter.
    259   */
    260   pTab = sqlite3SrcListLookup(pParse, pTabList);
    261   if( pTab==0 )  goto delete_from_cleanup;
    262 
    263   /* Figure out if we have any triggers and if the table being
    264   ** deleted from is a view
    265   */
    266 #ifndef SQLITE_OMIT_TRIGGER
    267   pTrigger = sqlite3TriggersExist(pParse, pTab, TK_DELETE, 0, 0);
    268   isView = pTab->pSelect!=0;
    269 #else
    270 # define pTrigger 0
    271 # define isView 0
    272 #endif
    273 #ifdef SQLITE_OMIT_VIEW
    274 # undef isView
    275 # define isView 0
    276 #endif
    277 
    278   /* If pTab is really a view, make sure it has been initialized.
    279   */
    280   if( sqlite3ViewGetColumnNames(pParse, pTab) ){
    281     goto delete_from_cleanup;
    282   }
    283 
    284   if( sqlite3IsReadOnly(pParse, pTab, (pTrigger?1:0)) ){
    285     goto delete_from_cleanup;
    286   }
    287   iDb = sqlite3SchemaToIndex(db, pTab->pSchema);
    288   assert( iDb<db->nDb );
    289   zDb = db->aDb[iDb].zName;
    290   rcauth = sqlite3AuthCheck(pParse, SQLITE_DELETE, pTab->zName, 0, zDb);
    291   assert( rcauth==SQLITE_OK || rcauth==SQLITE_DENY || rcauth==SQLITE_IGNORE );
    292   if( rcauth==SQLITE_DENY ){
    293     goto delete_from_cleanup;
    294   }
    295   assert(!isView || pTrigger);
    296 
    297   /* Assign  cursor number to the table and all its indices.
    298   */
    299   assert( pTabList->nSrc==1 );
    300   iCur = pTabList->a[0].iCursor = pParse->nTab++;
    301   for(pIdx=pTab->pIndex; pIdx; pIdx=pIdx->pNext){
    302     pParse->nTab++;
    303   }
    304 
    305   /* Start the view context
    306   */
    307   if( isView ){
    308     sqlite3AuthContextPush(pParse, &sContext, pTab->zName);
    309   }
    310 
    311   /* Begin generating code.
    312   */
    313   v = sqlite3GetVdbe(pParse);
    314   if( v==0 ){
    315     goto delete_from_cleanup;
    316   }
    317   if( pParse->nested==0 ) sqlite3VdbeCountChanges(v);
    318   sqlite3BeginWriteOperation(pParse, 1, iDb);
    319 
    320   /* If we are trying to delete from a view, realize that view into
    321   ** a ephemeral table.
    322   */
    323 #if !defined(SQLITE_OMIT_VIEW) && !defined(SQLITE_OMIT_TRIGGER)
    324   if( isView ){
    325     sqlite3MaterializeView(pParse, pTab, pWhere, iCur);
    326   }
    327 #endif
    328 
    329   /* Resolve the column names in the WHERE clause.
    330   */
    331   memset(&sNC, 0, sizeof(sNC));
    332   sNC.pParse = pParse;
    333   sNC.pSrcList = pTabList;
    334   if( sqlite3ResolveExprNames(&sNC, pWhere) ){
    335     goto delete_from_cleanup;
    336   }
    337 
    338   /* Initialize the counter of the number of rows deleted, if
    339   ** we are counting rows.
    340   */
    341   if( db->flags & SQLITE_CountRows ){
    342     memCnt = ++pParse->nMem;
    343     sqlite3VdbeAddOp2(v, OP_Integer, 0, memCnt);
    344   }
    345 
    346 #ifndef SQLITE_OMIT_TRUNCATE_OPTIMIZATION
    347   /* Special case: A DELETE without a WHERE clause deletes everything.
    348   ** It is easier just to erase the whole table. Prior to version 3.6.5,
    349   ** this optimization caused the row change count (the value returned by
    350   ** API function sqlite3_count_changes) to be set incorrectly.  */
    351   if( rcauth==SQLITE_OK && pWhere==0 && !pTrigger && !IsVirtual(pTab)
    352    && 0==sqlite3FkRequired(pParse, pTab, 0, 0)
    353   ){
    354     assert( !isView );
    355     sqlite3VdbeAddOp4(v, OP_Clear, pTab->tnum, iDb, memCnt,
    356                       pTab->zName, P4_STATIC);
    357     for(pIdx=pTab->pIndex; pIdx; pIdx=pIdx->pNext){
    358       assert( pIdx->pSchema==pTab->pSchema );
    359       sqlite3VdbeAddOp2(v, OP_Clear, pIdx->tnum, iDb);
    360     }
    361   }else
    362 #endif /* SQLITE_OMIT_TRUNCATE_OPTIMIZATION */
    363   /* The usual case: There is a WHERE clause so we have to scan through
    364   ** the table and pick which records to delete.
    365   */
    366   {
    367     int iRowSet = ++pParse->nMem;   /* Register for rowset of rows to delete */
    368     int iRowid = ++pParse->nMem;    /* Used for storing rowid values. */
    369     int regRowid;                   /* Actual register containing rowids */
    370 
    371     /* Collect rowids of every row to be deleted.
    372     */
    373     sqlite3VdbeAddOp2(v, OP_Null, 0, iRowSet);
    374     pWInfo = sqlite3WhereBegin(pParse, pTabList, pWhere,0,WHERE_DUPLICATES_OK);
    375     if( pWInfo==0 ) goto delete_from_cleanup;
    376     regRowid = sqlite3ExprCodeGetColumn(pParse, pTab, -1, iCur, iRowid);
    377     sqlite3VdbeAddOp2(v, OP_RowSetAdd, iRowSet, regRowid);
    378     if( db->flags & SQLITE_CountRows ){
    379       sqlite3VdbeAddOp2(v, OP_AddImm, memCnt, 1);
    380     }
    381     sqlite3WhereEnd(pWInfo);
    382 
    383     /* Delete every item whose key was written to the list during the
    384     ** database scan.  We have to delete items after the scan is complete
    385     ** because deleting an item can change the scan order.  */
    386     end = sqlite3VdbeMakeLabel(v);
    387 
    388     /* Unless this is a view, open cursors for the table we are
    389     ** deleting from and all its indices. If this is a view, then the
    390     ** only effect this statement has is to fire the INSTEAD OF
    391     ** triggers.  */
    392     if( !isView ){
    393       sqlite3OpenTableAndIndices(pParse, pTab, iCur, OP_OpenWrite);
    394     }
    395 
    396     addr = sqlite3VdbeAddOp3(v, OP_RowSetRead, iRowSet, end, iRowid);
    397 
    398     /* Delete the row */
    399 #ifndef SQLITE_OMIT_VIRTUALTABLE
    400     if( IsVirtual(pTab) ){
    401       const char *pVTab = (const char *)sqlite3GetVTable(db, pTab);
    402       sqlite3VtabMakeWritable(pParse, pTab);
    403       sqlite3VdbeAddOp4(v, OP_VUpdate, 0, 1, iRowid, pVTab, P4_VTAB);
    404       sqlite3MayAbort(pParse);
    405     }else
    406 #endif
    407     {
    408       int count = (pParse->nested==0);    /* True to count changes */
    409       sqlite3GenerateRowDelete(pParse, pTab, iCur, iRowid, count, pTrigger, OE_Default);
    410     }
    411 
    412     /* End of the delete loop */
    413     sqlite3VdbeAddOp2(v, OP_Goto, 0, addr);
    414     sqlite3VdbeResolveLabel(v, end);
    415 
    416     /* Close the cursors open on the table and its indexes. */
    417     if( !isView && !IsVirtual(pTab) ){
    418       for(i=1, pIdx=pTab->pIndex; pIdx; i++, pIdx=pIdx->pNext){
    419         sqlite3VdbeAddOp2(v, OP_Close, iCur + i, pIdx->tnum);
    420       }
    421       sqlite3VdbeAddOp1(v, OP_Close, iCur);
    422     }
    423   }
    424 
    425   /* Update the sqlite_sequence table by storing the content of the
    426   ** maximum rowid counter values recorded while inserting into
    427   ** autoincrement tables.
    428   */
    429   if( pParse->nested==0 && pParse->pTriggerTab==0 ){
    430     sqlite3AutoincrementEnd(pParse);
    431   }
    432 
    433   /* Return the number of rows that were deleted. If this routine is
    434   ** generating code because of a call to sqlite3NestedParse(), do not
    435   ** invoke the callback function.
    436   */
    437   if( (db->flags&SQLITE_CountRows) && !pParse->nested && !pParse->pTriggerTab ){
    438     sqlite3VdbeAddOp2(v, OP_ResultRow, memCnt, 1);
    439     sqlite3VdbeSetNumCols(v, 1);
    440     sqlite3VdbeSetColName(v, 0, COLNAME_NAME, "rows deleted", SQLITE_STATIC);
    441   }
    442 
    443 delete_from_cleanup:
    444   sqlite3AuthContextPop(&sContext);
    445   sqlite3SrcListDelete(db, pTabList);
    446   sqlite3ExprDelete(db, pWhere);
    447   return;
    448 }
    449 /* Make sure "isView" and other macros defined above are undefined. Otherwise
    450 ** thely may interfere with compilation of other functions in this file
    451 ** (or in another file, if this file becomes part of the amalgamation).  */
    452 #ifdef isView
    453  #undef isView
    454 #endif
    455 #ifdef pTrigger
    456  #undef pTrigger
    457 #endif
    458 
    459 /*
    460 ** This routine generates VDBE code that causes a single row of a
    461 ** single table to be deleted.
    462 **
    463 ** The VDBE must be in a particular state when this routine is called.
    464 ** These are the requirements:
    465 **
    466 **   1.  A read/write cursor pointing to pTab, the table containing the row
    467 **       to be deleted, must be opened as cursor number $iCur.
    468 **
    469 **   2.  Read/write cursors for all indices of pTab must be open as
    470 **       cursor number base+i for the i-th index.
    471 **
    472 **   3.  The record number of the row to be deleted must be stored in
    473 **       memory cell iRowid.
    474 **
    475 ** This routine generates code to remove both the table record and all
    476 ** index entries that point to that record.
    477 */
    478 void sqlite3GenerateRowDelete(
    479   Parse *pParse,     /* Parsing context */
    480   Table *pTab,       /* Table containing the row to be deleted */
    481   int iCur,          /* Cursor number for the table */
    482   int iRowid,        /* Memory cell that contains the rowid to delete */
    483   int count,         /* If non-zero, increment the row change counter */
    484   Trigger *pTrigger, /* List of triggers to (potentially) fire */
    485   int onconf         /* Default ON CONFLICT policy for triggers */
    486 ){
    487   Vdbe *v = pParse->pVdbe;        /* Vdbe */
    488   int iOld = 0;                   /* First register in OLD.* array */
    489   int iLabel;                     /* Label resolved to end of generated code */
    490 
    491   /* Vdbe is guaranteed to have been allocated by this stage. */
    492   assert( v );
    493 
    494   /* Seek cursor iCur to the row to delete. If this row no longer exists
    495   ** (this can happen if a trigger program has already deleted it), do
    496   ** not attempt to delete it or fire any DELETE triggers.  */
    497   iLabel = sqlite3VdbeMakeLabel(v);
    498   sqlite3VdbeAddOp3(v, OP_NotExists, iCur, iLabel, iRowid);
    499 
    500   /* If there are any triggers to fire, allocate a range of registers to
    501   ** use for the old.* references in the triggers.  */
    502   if( sqlite3FkRequired(pParse, pTab, 0, 0) || pTrigger ){
    503     u32 mask;                     /* Mask of OLD.* columns in use */
    504     int iCol;                     /* Iterator used while populating OLD.* */
    505 
    506     /* TODO: Could use temporary registers here. Also could attempt to
    507     ** avoid copying the contents of the rowid register.  */
    508     mask = sqlite3TriggerColmask(
    509         pParse, pTrigger, 0, 0, TRIGGER_BEFORE|TRIGGER_AFTER, pTab, onconf
    510     );
    511     mask |= sqlite3FkOldmask(pParse, pTab);
    512     iOld = pParse->nMem+1;
    513     pParse->nMem += (1 + pTab->nCol);
    514 
    515     /* Populate the OLD.* pseudo-table register array. These values will be
    516     ** used by any BEFORE and AFTER triggers that exist.  */
    517     sqlite3VdbeAddOp2(v, OP_Copy, iRowid, iOld);
    518     for(iCol=0; iCol<pTab->nCol; iCol++){
    519       if( mask==0xffffffff || mask&(1<<iCol) ){
    520         sqlite3ExprCodeGetColumnOfTable(v, pTab, iCur, iCol, iOld+iCol+1);
    521       }
    522     }
    523 
    524     /* Invoke BEFORE DELETE trigger programs. */
    525     sqlite3CodeRowTrigger(pParse, pTrigger,
    526         TK_DELETE, 0, TRIGGER_BEFORE, pTab, iOld, onconf, iLabel
    527     );
    528 
    529     /* Seek the cursor to the row to be deleted again. It may be that
    530     ** the BEFORE triggers coded above have already removed the row
    531     ** being deleted. Do not attempt to delete the row a second time, and
    532     ** do not fire AFTER triggers.  */
    533     sqlite3VdbeAddOp3(v, OP_NotExists, iCur, iLabel, iRowid);
    534 
    535     /* Do FK processing. This call checks that any FK constraints that
    536     ** refer to this table (i.e. constraints attached to other tables)
    537     ** are not violated by deleting this row.  */
    538     sqlite3FkCheck(pParse, pTab, iOld, 0);
    539   }
    540 
    541   /* Delete the index and table entries. Skip this step if pTab is really
    542   ** a view (in which case the only effect of the DELETE statement is to
    543   ** fire the INSTEAD OF triggers).  */
    544   if( pTab->pSelect==0 ){
    545     sqlite3GenerateRowIndexDelete(pParse, pTab, iCur, 0);
    546     sqlite3VdbeAddOp2(v, OP_Delete, iCur, (count?OPFLAG_NCHANGE:0));
    547     if( count ){
    548       sqlite3VdbeChangeP4(v, -1, pTab->zName, P4_TRANSIENT);
    549     }
    550   }
    551 
    552   /* Do any ON CASCADE, SET NULL or SET DEFAULT operations required to
    553   ** handle rows (possibly in other tables) that refer via a foreign key
    554   ** to the row just deleted. */
    555   sqlite3FkActions(pParse, pTab, 0, iOld);
    556 
    557   /* Invoke AFTER DELETE trigger programs. */
    558   sqlite3CodeRowTrigger(pParse, pTrigger,
    559       TK_DELETE, 0, TRIGGER_AFTER, pTab, iOld, onconf, iLabel
    560   );
    561 
    562   /* Jump here if the row had already been deleted before any BEFORE
    563   ** trigger programs were invoked. Or if a trigger program throws a
    564   ** RAISE(IGNORE) exception.  */
    565   sqlite3VdbeResolveLabel(v, iLabel);
    566 }
    567 
    568 /*
    569 ** This routine generates VDBE code that causes the deletion of all
    570 ** index entries associated with a single row of a single table.
    571 **
    572 ** The VDBE must be in a particular state when this routine is called.
    573 ** These are the requirements:
    574 **
    575 **   1.  A read/write cursor pointing to pTab, the table containing the row
    576 **       to be deleted, must be opened as cursor number "iCur".
    577 **
    578 **   2.  Read/write cursors for all indices of pTab must be open as
    579 **       cursor number iCur+i for the i-th index.
    580 **
    581 **   3.  The "iCur" cursor must be pointing to the row that is to be
    582 **       deleted.
    583 */
    584 void sqlite3GenerateRowIndexDelete(
    585   Parse *pParse,     /* Parsing and code generating context */
    586   Table *pTab,       /* Table containing the row to be deleted */
    587   int iCur,          /* Cursor number for the table */
    588   int *aRegIdx       /* Only delete if aRegIdx!=0 && aRegIdx[i]>0 */
    589 ){
    590   int i;
    591   Index *pIdx;
    592   int r1;
    593 
    594   for(i=1, pIdx=pTab->pIndex; pIdx; i++, pIdx=pIdx->pNext){
    595     if( aRegIdx!=0 && aRegIdx[i-1]==0 ) continue;
    596     r1 = sqlite3GenerateIndexKey(pParse, pIdx, iCur, 0, 0);
    597     sqlite3VdbeAddOp3(pParse->pVdbe, OP_IdxDelete, iCur+i, r1,pIdx->nColumn+1);
    598   }
    599 }
    600 
    601 /*
    602 ** Generate code that will assemble an index key and put it in register
    603 ** regOut.  The key with be for index pIdx which is an index on pTab.
    604 ** iCur is the index of a cursor open on the pTab table and pointing to
    605 ** the entry that needs indexing.
    606 **
    607 ** Return a register number which is the first in a block of
    608 ** registers that holds the elements of the index key.  The
    609 ** block of registers has already been deallocated by the time
    610 ** this routine returns.
    611 */
    612 int sqlite3GenerateIndexKey(
    613   Parse *pParse,     /* Parsing context */
    614   Index *pIdx,       /* The index for which to generate a key */
    615   int iCur,          /* Cursor number for the pIdx->pTable table */
    616   int regOut,        /* Write the new index key to this register */
    617   int doMakeRec      /* Run the OP_MakeRecord instruction if true */
    618 ){
    619   Vdbe *v = pParse->pVdbe;
    620   int j;
    621   Table *pTab = pIdx->pTable;
    622   int regBase;
    623   int nCol;
    624 
    625   nCol = pIdx->nColumn;
    626   regBase = sqlite3GetTempRange(pParse, nCol+1);
    627   sqlite3VdbeAddOp2(v, OP_Rowid, iCur, regBase+nCol);
    628   for(j=0; j<nCol; j++){
    629     int idx = pIdx->aiColumn[j];
    630     if( idx==pTab->iPKey ){
    631       sqlite3VdbeAddOp2(v, OP_SCopy, regBase+nCol, regBase+j);
    632     }else{
    633       sqlite3VdbeAddOp3(v, OP_Column, iCur, idx, regBase+j);
    634       sqlite3ColumnDefault(v, pTab, idx, -1);
    635     }
    636   }
    637   if( doMakeRec ){
    638     sqlite3VdbeAddOp3(v, OP_MakeRecord, regBase, nCol+1, regOut);
    639     sqlite3VdbeChangeP4(v, -1, sqlite3IndexAffinityStr(v, pIdx), P4_TRANSIENT);
    640   }
    641   sqlite3ReleaseTempRange(pParse, regBase, nCol+1);
    642   return regBase;
    643 }
    644