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      1 // Copyright 2005, Google Inc.
      2 // All rights reserved.
      3 //
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      7 //
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     10 //     * Redistributions in binary form must reproduce the above
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     17 //
     18 // THIS SOFTWARE IS PROVIDED BY THE COPYRIGHT HOLDERS AND CONTRIBUTORS
     19 // "AS IS" AND ANY EXPRESS OR IMPLIED WARRANTIES, INCLUDING, BUT NOT
     20 // LIMITED TO, THE IMPLIED WARRANTIES OF MERCHANTABILITY AND FITNESS FOR
     21 // A PARTICULAR PURPOSE ARE DISCLAIMED. IN NO EVENT SHALL THE COPYRIGHT
     22 // OWNER OR CONTRIBUTORS BE LIABLE FOR ANY DIRECT, INDIRECT, INCIDENTAL,
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     24 // LIMITED TO, PROCUREMENT OF SUBSTITUTE GOODS OR SERVICES; LOSS OF USE,
     25 // DATA, OR PROFITS; OR BUSINESS INTERRUPTION) HOWEVER CAUSED AND ON ANY
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     27 // (INCLUDING NEGLIGENCE OR OTHERWISE) ARISING IN ANY WAY OUT OF THE USE
     28 // OF THIS SOFTWARE, EVEN IF ADVISED OF THE POSSIBILITY OF SUCH DAMAGE.
     29 //
     30 // Author: wan (at) google.com (Zhanyong Wan)
     31 //
     32 // Tests for death tests.
     33 
     34 #include "gtest/gtest-death-test.h"
     35 #include "gtest/gtest.h"
     36 #include "gtest/internal/gtest-filepath.h"
     37 
     38 using testing::internal::AlwaysFalse;
     39 using testing::internal::AlwaysTrue;
     40 
     41 #if GTEST_HAS_DEATH_TEST
     42 
     43 # if GTEST_OS_WINDOWS
     44 #  include <direct.h>          // For chdir().
     45 # else
     46 #  include <unistd.h>
     47 #  include <sys/wait.h>        // For waitpid.
     48 # endif  // GTEST_OS_WINDOWS
     49 
     50 # include <limits.h>
     51 # include <signal.h>
     52 # include <stdio.h>
     53 
     54 # if GTEST_OS_LINUX
     55 #  include <sys/time.h>
     56 # endif  // GTEST_OS_LINUX
     57 
     58 # include "gtest/gtest-spi.h"
     59 
     60 // Indicates that this translation unit is part of Google Test's
     61 // implementation.  It must come before gtest-internal-inl.h is
     62 // included, or there will be a compiler error.  This trick is to
     63 // prevent a user from accidentally including gtest-internal-inl.h in
     64 // his code.
     65 # define GTEST_IMPLEMENTATION_ 1
     66 # include "src/gtest-internal-inl.h"
     67 # undef GTEST_IMPLEMENTATION_
     68 
     69 namespace posix = ::testing::internal::posix;
     70 
     71 using testing::Message;
     72 using testing::internal::DeathTest;
     73 using testing::internal::DeathTestFactory;
     74 using testing::internal::FilePath;
     75 using testing::internal::GetLastErrnoDescription;
     76 using testing::internal::GetUnitTestImpl;
     77 using testing::internal::InDeathTestChild;
     78 using testing::internal::ParseNaturalNumber;
     79 
     80 namespace testing {
     81 namespace internal {
     82 
     83 // A helper class whose objects replace the death test factory for a
     84 // single UnitTest object during their lifetimes.
     85 class ReplaceDeathTestFactory {
     86  public:
     87   explicit ReplaceDeathTestFactory(DeathTestFactory* new_factory)
     88       : unit_test_impl_(GetUnitTestImpl()) {
     89     old_factory_ = unit_test_impl_->death_test_factory_.release();
     90     unit_test_impl_->death_test_factory_.reset(new_factory);
     91   }
     92 
     93   ~ReplaceDeathTestFactory() {
     94     unit_test_impl_->death_test_factory_.release();
     95     unit_test_impl_->death_test_factory_.reset(old_factory_);
     96   }
     97  private:
     98   // Prevents copying ReplaceDeathTestFactory objects.
     99   ReplaceDeathTestFactory(const ReplaceDeathTestFactory&);
    100   void operator=(const ReplaceDeathTestFactory&);
    101 
    102   UnitTestImpl* unit_test_impl_;
    103   DeathTestFactory* old_factory_;
    104 };
    105 
    106 }  // namespace internal
    107 }  // namespace testing
    108 
    109 void DieWithMessage(const ::std::string& message) {
    110   fprintf(stderr, "%s", message.c_str());
    111   fflush(stderr);  // Make sure the text is printed before the process exits.
    112 
    113   // We call _exit() instead of exit(), as the former is a direct
    114   // system call and thus safer in the presence of threads.  exit()
    115   // will invoke user-defined exit-hooks, which may do dangerous
    116   // things that conflict with death tests.
    117   //
    118   // Some compilers can recognize that _exit() never returns and issue the
    119   // 'unreachable code' warning for code following this function, unless
    120   // fooled by a fake condition.
    121   if (AlwaysTrue())
    122     _exit(1);
    123 }
    124 
    125 void DieInside(const ::std::string& function) {
    126   DieWithMessage("death inside " + function + "().");
    127 }
    128 
    129 // Tests that death tests work.
    130 
    131 class TestForDeathTest : public testing::Test {
    132  protected:
    133   TestForDeathTest() : original_dir_(FilePath::GetCurrentDir()) {}
    134 
    135   virtual ~TestForDeathTest() {
    136     posix::ChDir(original_dir_.c_str());
    137   }
    138 
    139   // A static member function that's expected to die.
    140   static void StaticMemberFunction() { DieInside("StaticMemberFunction"); }
    141 
    142   // A method of the test fixture that may die.
    143   void MemberFunction() {
    144     if (should_die_)
    145       DieInside("MemberFunction");
    146   }
    147 
    148   // True iff MemberFunction() should die.
    149   bool should_die_;
    150   const FilePath original_dir_;
    151 };
    152 
    153 // A class with a member function that may die.
    154 class MayDie {
    155  public:
    156   explicit MayDie(bool should_die) : should_die_(should_die) {}
    157 
    158   // A member function that may die.
    159   void MemberFunction() const {
    160     if (should_die_)
    161       DieInside("MayDie::MemberFunction");
    162   }
    163 
    164  private:
    165   // True iff MemberFunction() should die.
    166   bool should_die_;
    167 };
    168 
    169 // A global function that's expected to die.
    170 void GlobalFunction() { DieInside("GlobalFunction"); }
    171 
    172 // A non-void function that's expected to die.
    173 int NonVoidFunction() {
    174   DieInside("NonVoidFunction");
    175   return 1;
    176 }
    177 
    178 // A unary function that may die.
    179 void DieIf(bool should_die) {
    180   if (should_die)
    181     DieInside("DieIf");
    182 }
    183 
    184 // A binary function that may die.
    185 bool DieIfLessThan(int x, int y) {
    186   if (x < y) {
    187     DieInside("DieIfLessThan");
    188   }
    189   return true;
    190 }
    191 
    192 // Tests that ASSERT_DEATH can be used outside a TEST, TEST_F, or test fixture.
    193 void DeathTestSubroutine() {
    194   EXPECT_DEATH(GlobalFunction(), "death.*GlobalFunction");
    195   ASSERT_DEATH(GlobalFunction(), "death.*GlobalFunction");
    196 }
    197 
    198 // Death in dbg, not opt.
    199 int DieInDebugElse12(int* sideeffect) {
    200   if (sideeffect) *sideeffect = 12;
    201 
    202 # ifndef NDEBUG
    203 
    204   DieInside("DieInDebugElse12");
    205 
    206 # endif  // NDEBUG
    207 
    208   return 12;
    209 }
    210 
    211 # if GTEST_OS_WINDOWS
    212 
    213 // Tests the ExitedWithCode predicate.
    214 TEST(ExitStatusPredicateTest, ExitedWithCode) {
    215   // On Windows, the process's exit code is the same as its exit status,
    216   // so the predicate just compares the its input with its parameter.
    217   EXPECT_TRUE(testing::ExitedWithCode(0)(0));
    218   EXPECT_TRUE(testing::ExitedWithCode(1)(1));
    219   EXPECT_TRUE(testing::ExitedWithCode(42)(42));
    220   EXPECT_FALSE(testing::ExitedWithCode(0)(1));
    221   EXPECT_FALSE(testing::ExitedWithCode(1)(0));
    222 }
    223 
    224 # else
    225 
    226 // Returns the exit status of a process that calls _exit(2) with a
    227 // given exit code.  This is a helper function for the
    228 // ExitStatusPredicateTest test suite.
    229 static int NormalExitStatus(int exit_code) {
    230   pid_t child_pid = fork();
    231   if (child_pid == 0) {
    232     _exit(exit_code);
    233   }
    234   int status;
    235   waitpid(child_pid, &status, 0);
    236   return status;
    237 }
    238 
    239 // Returns the exit status of a process that raises a given signal.
    240 // If the signal does not cause the process to die, then it returns
    241 // instead the exit status of a process that exits normally with exit
    242 // code 1.  This is a helper function for the ExitStatusPredicateTest
    243 // test suite.
    244 static int KilledExitStatus(int signum) {
    245   pid_t child_pid = fork();
    246   if (child_pid == 0) {
    247     raise(signum);
    248     _exit(1);
    249   }
    250   int status;
    251   waitpid(child_pid, &status, 0);
    252   return status;
    253 }
    254 
    255 // Tests the ExitedWithCode predicate.
    256 TEST(ExitStatusPredicateTest, ExitedWithCode) {
    257   const int status0  = NormalExitStatus(0);
    258   const int status1  = NormalExitStatus(1);
    259   const int status42 = NormalExitStatus(42);
    260   const testing::ExitedWithCode pred0(0);
    261   const testing::ExitedWithCode pred1(1);
    262   const testing::ExitedWithCode pred42(42);
    263   EXPECT_PRED1(pred0,  status0);
    264   EXPECT_PRED1(pred1,  status1);
    265   EXPECT_PRED1(pred42, status42);
    266   EXPECT_FALSE(pred0(status1));
    267   EXPECT_FALSE(pred42(status0));
    268   EXPECT_FALSE(pred1(status42));
    269 }
    270 
    271 // Tests the KilledBySignal predicate.
    272 TEST(ExitStatusPredicateTest, KilledBySignal) {
    273   const int status_segv = KilledExitStatus(SIGSEGV);
    274   const int status_kill = KilledExitStatus(SIGKILL);
    275   const testing::KilledBySignal pred_segv(SIGSEGV);
    276   const testing::KilledBySignal pred_kill(SIGKILL);
    277   EXPECT_PRED1(pred_segv, status_segv);
    278   EXPECT_PRED1(pred_kill, status_kill);
    279   EXPECT_FALSE(pred_segv(status_kill));
    280   EXPECT_FALSE(pred_kill(status_segv));
    281 }
    282 
    283 # endif  // GTEST_OS_WINDOWS
    284 
    285 // Tests that the death test macros expand to code which may or may not
    286 // be followed by operator<<, and that in either case the complete text
    287 // comprises only a single C++ statement.
    288 TEST_F(TestForDeathTest, SingleStatement) {
    289   if (AlwaysFalse())
    290     // This would fail if executed; this is a compilation test only
    291     ASSERT_DEATH(return, "");
    292 
    293   if (AlwaysTrue())
    294     EXPECT_DEATH(_exit(1), "");
    295   else
    296     // This empty "else" branch is meant to ensure that EXPECT_DEATH
    297     // doesn't expand into an "if" statement without an "else"
    298     ;
    299 
    300   if (AlwaysFalse())
    301     ASSERT_DEATH(return, "") << "did not die";
    302 
    303   if (AlwaysFalse())
    304     ;
    305   else
    306     EXPECT_DEATH(_exit(1), "") << 1 << 2 << 3;
    307 }
    308 
    309 void DieWithEmbeddedNul() {
    310   fprintf(stderr, "Hello%cmy null world.\n", '\0');
    311   fflush(stderr);
    312   _exit(1);
    313 }
    314 
    315 # if GTEST_USES_PCRE
    316 // Tests that EXPECT_DEATH and ASSERT_DEATH work when the error
    317 // message has a NUL character in it.
    318 TEST_F(TestForDeathTest, EmbeddedNulInMessage) {
    319   // TODO(wan (at) google.com): <regex.h> doesn't support matching strings
    320   // with embedded NUL characters - find a way to workaround it.
    321   EXPECT_DEATH(DieWithEmbeddedNul(), "my null world");
    322   ASSERT_DEATH(DieWithEmbeddedNul(), "my null world");
    323 }
    324 # endif  // GTEST_USES_PCRE
    325 
    326 // Tests that death test macros expand to code which interacts well with switch
    327 // statements.
    328 TEST_F(TestForDeathTest, SwitchStatement) {
    329 // Microsoft compiler usually complains about switch statements without
    330 // case labels. We suppress that warning for this test.
    331 # ifdef _MSC_VER
    332 #  pragma warning(push)
    333 #  pragma warning(disable: 4065)
    334 # endif  // _MSC_VER
    335 
    336   switch (0)
    337     default:
    338       ASSERT_DEATH(_exit(1), "") << "exit in default switch handler";
    339 
    340   switch (0)
    341     case 0:
    342       EXPECT_DEATH(_exit(1), "") << "exit in switch case";
    343 
    344 # ifdef _MSC_VER
    345 #  pragma warning(pop)
    346 # endif  // _MSC_VER
    347 }
    348 
    349 // Tests that a static member function can be used in a "fast" style
    350 // death test.
    351 TEST_F(TestForDeathTest, StaticMemberFunctionFastStyle) {
    352   testing::GTEST_FLAG(death_test_style) = "fast";
    353   ASSERT_DEATH(StaticMemberFunction(), "death.*StaticMember");
    354 }
    355 
    356 // Tests that a method of the test fixture can be used in a "fast"
    357 // style death test.
    358 TEST_F(TestForDeathTest, MemberFunctionFastStyle) {
    359   testing::GTEST_FLAG(death_test_style) = "fast";
    360   should_die_ = true;
    361   EXPECT_DEATH(MemberFunction(), "inside.*MemberFunction");
    362 }
    363 
    364 void ChangeToRootDir() { posix::ChDir(GTEST_PATH_SEP_); }
    365 
    366 // Tests that death tests work even if the current directory has been
    367 // changed.
    368 TEST_F(TestForDeathTest, FastDeathTestInChangedDir) {
    369   testing::GTEST_FLAG(death_test_style) = "fast";
    370 
    371   ChangeToRootDir();
    372   EXPECT_EXIT(_exit(1), testing::ExitedWithCode(1), "");
    373 
    374   ChangeToRootDir();
    375   ASSERT_DEATH(_exit(1), "");
    376 }
    377 
    378 # if GTEST_OS_LINUX
    379 void SigprofAction(int, siginfo_t*, void*) { /* no op */ }
    380 
    381 // Sets SIGPROF action and ITIMER_PROF timer (interval: 1ms).
    382 void SetSigprofActionAndTimer() {
    383   struct itimerval timer;
    384   timer.it_interval.tv_sec = 0;
    385   timer.it_interval.tv_usec = 1;
    386   timer.it_value = timer.it_interval;
    387   ASSERT_EQ(0, setitimer(ITIMER_PROF, &timer, NULL));
    388   struct sigaction signal_action;
    389   memset(&signal_action, 0, sizeof(signal_action));
    390   sigemptyset(&signal_action.sa_mask);
    391   signal_action.sa_sigaction = SigprofAction;
    392   signal_action.sa_flags = SA_RESTART | SA_SIGINFO;
    393   ASSERT_EQ(0, sigaction(SIGPROF, &signal_action, NULL));
    394 }
    395 
    396 // Disables ITIMER_PROF timer and ignores SIGPROF signal.
    397 void DisableSigprofActionAndTimer(struct sigaction* old_signal_action) {
    398   struct itimerval timer;
    399   timer.it_interval.tv_sec = 0;
    400   timer.it_interval.tv_usec = 0;
    401   timer.it_value = timer.it_interval;
    402   ASSERT_EQ(0, setitimer(ITIMER_PROF, &timer, NULL));
    403   struct sigaction signal_action;
    404   memset(&signal_action, 0, sizeof(signal_action));
    405   sigemptyset(&signal_action.sa_mask);
    406   signal_action.sa_handler = SIG_IGN;
    407   ASSERT_EQ(0, sigaction(SIGPROF, &signal_action, old_signal_action));
    408 }
    409 
    410 // Tests that death tests work when SIGPROF handler and timer are set.
    411 TEST_F(TestForDeathTest, FastSigprofActionSet) {
    412   testing::GTEST_FLAG(death_test_style) = "fast";
    413   SetSigprofActionAndTimer();
    414   EXPECT_DEATH(_exit(1), "");
    415   struct sigaction old_signal_action;
    416   DisableSigprofActionAndTimer(&old_signal_action);
    417   EXPECT_TRUE(old_signal_action.sa_sigaction == SigprofAction);
    418 }
    419 
    420 TEST_F(TestForDeathTest, ThreadSafeSigprofActionSet) {
    421   testing::GTEST_FLAG(death_test_style) = "threadsafe";
    422   SetSigprofActionAndTimer();
    423   EXPECT_DEATH(_exit(1), "");
    424   struct sigaction old_signal_action;
    425   DisableSigprofActionAndTimer(&old_signal_action);
    426   EXPECT_TRUE(old_signal_action.sa_sigaction == SigprofAction);
    427 }
    428 # endif  // GTEST_OS_LINUX
    429 
    430 // Repeats a representative sample of death tests in the "threadsafe" style:
    431 
    432 TEST_F(TestForDeathTest, StaticMemberFunctionThreadsafeStyle) {
    433   testing::GTEST_FLAG(death_test_style) = "threadsafe";
    434   ASSERT_DEATH(StaticMemberFunction(), "death.*StaticMember");
    435 }
    436 
    437 TEST_F(TestForDeathTest, MemberFunctionThreadsafeStyle) {
    438   testing::GTEST_FLAG(death_test_style) = "threadsafe";
    439   should_die_ = true;
    440   EXPECT_DEATH(MemberFunction(), "inside.*MemberFunction");
    441 }
    442 
    443 TEST_F(TestForDeathTest, ThreadsafeDeathTestInLoop) {
    444   testing::GTEST_FLAG(death_test_style) = "threadsafe";
    445 
    446   for (int i = 0; i < 3; ++i)
    447     EXPECT_EXIT(_exit(i), testing::ExitedWithCode(i), "") << ": i = " << i;
    448 }
    449 
    450 TEST_F(TestForDeathTest, ThreadsafeDeathTestInChangedDir) {
    451   testing::GTEST_FLAG(death_test_style) = "threadsafe";
    452 
    453   ChangeToRootDir();
    454   EXPECT_EXIT(_exit(1), testing::ExitedWithCode(1), "");
    455 
    456   ChangeToRootDir();
    457   ASSERT_DEATH(_exit(1), "");
    458 }
    459 
    460 TEST_F(TestForDeathTest, MixedStyles) {
    461   testing::GTEST_FLAG(death_test_style) = "threadsafe";
    462   EXPECT_DEATH(_exit(1), "");
    463   testing::GTEST_FLAG(death_test_style) = "fast";
    464   EXPECT_DEATH(_exit(1), "");
    465 }
    466 
    467 # if GTEST_HAS_CLONE && GTEST_HAS_PTHREAD
    468 
    469 namespace {
    470 
    471 bool pthread_flag;
    472 
    473 void SetPthreadFlag() {
    474   pthread_flag = true;
    475 }
    476 
    477 }  // namespace
    478 
    479 TEST_F(TestForDeathTest, DoesNotExecuteAtforkHooks) {
    480   if (!testing::GTEST_FLAG(death_test_use_fork)) {
    481     testing::GTEST_FLAG(death_test_style) = "threadsafe";
    482     pthread_flag = false;
    483     ASSERT_EQ(0, pthread_atfork(&SetPthreadFlag, NULL, NULL));
    484     ASSERT_DEATH(_exit(1), "");
    485     ASSERT_FALSE(pthread_flag);
    486   }
    487 }
    488 
    489 # endif  // GTEST_HAS_CLONE && GTEST_HAS_PTHREAD
    490 
    491 // Tests that a method of another class can be used in a death test.
    492 TEST_F(TestForDeathTest, MethodOfAnotherClass) {
    493   const MayDie x(true);
    494   ASSERT_DEATH(x.MemberFunction(), "MayDie\\:\\:MemberFunction");
    495 }
    496 
    497 // Tests that a global function can be used in a death test.
    498 TEST_F(TestForDeathTest, GlobalFunction) {
    499   EXPECT_DEATH(GlobalFunction(), "GlobalFunction");
    500 }
    501 
    502 // Tests that any value convertible to an RE works as a second
    503 // argument to EXPECT_DEATH.
    504 TEST_F(TestForDeathTest, AcceptsAnythingConvertibleToRE) {
    505   static const char regex_c_str[] = "GlobalFunction";
    506   EXPECT_DEATH(GlobalFunction(), regex_c_str);
    507 
    508   const testing::internal::RE regex(regex_c_str);
    509   EXPECT_DEATH(GlobalFunction(), regex);
    510 
    511 # if GTEST_HAS_GLOBAL_STRING
    512 
    513   const string regex_str(regex_c_str);
    514   EXPECT_DEATH(GlobalFunction(), regex_str);
    515 
    516 # endif  // GTEST_HAS_GLOBAL_STRING
    517 
    518   const ::std::string regex_std_str(regex_c_str);
    519   EXPECT_DEATH(GlobalFunction(), regex_std_str);
    520 }
    521 
    522 // Tests that a non-void function can be used in a death test.
    523 TEST_F(TestForDeathTest, NonVoidFunction) {
    524   ASSERT_DEATH(NonVoidFunction(), "NonVoidFunction");
    525 }
    526 
    527 // Tests that functions that take parameter(s) can be used in a death test.
    528 TEST_F(TestForDeathTest, FunctionWithParameter) {
    529   EXPECT_DEATH(DieIf(true), "DieIf\\(\\)");
    530   EXPECT_DEATH(DieIfLessThan(2, 3), "DieIfLessThan");
    531 }
    532 
    533 // Tests that ASSERT_DEATH can be used outside a TEST, TEST_F, or test fixture.
    534 TEST_F(TestForDeathTest, OutsideFixture) {
    535   DeathTestSubroutine();
    536 }
    537 
    538 // Tests that death tests can be done inside a loop.
    539 TEST_F(TestForDeathTest, InsideLoop) {
    540   for (int i = 0; i < 5; i++) {
    541     EXPECT_DEATH(DieIfLessThan(-1, i), "DieIfLessThan") << "where i == " << i;
    542   }
    543 }
    544 
    545 // Tests that a compound statement can be used in a death test.
    546 TEST_F(TestForDeathTest, CompoundStatement) {
    547   EXPECT_DEATH({  // NOLINT
    548     const int x = 2;
    549     const int y = x + 1;
    550     DieIfLessThan(x, y);
    551   },
    552   "DieIfLessThan");
    553 }
    554 
    555 // Tests that code that doesn't die causes a death test to fail.
    556 TEST_F(TestForDeathTest, DoesNotDie) {
    557   EXPECT_NONFATAL_FAILURE(EXPECT_DEATH(DieIf(false), "DieIf"),
    558                           "failed to die");
    559 }
    560 
    561 // Tests that a death test fails when the error message isn't expected.
    562 TEST_F(TestForDeathTest, ErrorMessageMismatch) {
    563   EXPECT_NONFATAL_FAILURE({  // NOLINT
    564     EXPECT_DEATH(DieIf(true), "DieIfLessThan") << "End of death test message.";
    565   }, "died but not with expected error");
    566 }
    567 
    568 // On exit, *aborted will be true iff the EXPECT_DEATH() statement
    569 // aborted the function.
    570 void ExpectDeathTestHelper(bool* aborted) {
    571   *aborted = true;
    572   EXPECT_DEATH(DieIf(false), "DieIf");  // This assertion should fail.
    573   *aborted = false;
    574 }
    575 
    576 // Tests that EXPECT_DEATH doesn't abort the test on failure.
    577 TEST_F(TestForDeathTest, EXPECT_DEATH) {
    578   bool aborted = true;
    579   EXPECT_NONFATAL_FAILURE(ExpectDeathTestHelper(&aborted),
    580                           "failed to die");
    581   EXPECT_FALSE(aborted);
    582 }
    583 
    584 // Tests that ASSERT_DEATH does abort the test on failure.
    585 TEST_F(TestForDeathTest, ASSERT_DEATH) {
    586   static bool aborted;
    587   EXPECT_FATAL_FAILURE({  // NOLINT
    588     aborted = true;
    589     ASSERT_DEATH(DieIf(false), "DieIf");  // This assertion should fail.
    590     aborted = false;
    591   }, "failed to die");
    592   EXPECT_TRUE(aborted);
    593 }
    594 
    595 // Tests that EXPECT_DEATH evaluates the arguments exactly once.
    596 TEST_F(TestForDeathTest, SingleEvaluation) {
    597   int x = 3;
    598   EXPECT_DEATH(DieIf((++x) == 4), "DieIf");
    599 
    600   const char* regex = "DieIf";
    601   const char* regex_save = regex;
    602   EXPECT_DEATH(DieIfLessThan(3, 4), regex++);
    603   EXPECT_EQ(regex_save + 1, regex);
    604 }
    605 
    606 // Tests that run-away death tests are reported as failures.
    607 TEST_F(TestForDeathTest, RunawayIsFailure) {
    608   EXPECT_NONFATAL_FAILURE(EXPECT_DEATH(static_cast<void>(0), "Foo"),
    609                           "failed to die.");
    610 }
    611 
    612 // Tests that death tests report executing 'return' in the statement as
    613 // failure.
    614 TEST_F(TestForDeathTest, ReturnIsFailure) {
    615   EXPECT_FATAL_FAILURE(ASSERT_DEATH(return, "Bar"),
    616                        "illegal return in test statement.");
    617 }
    618 
    619 // Tests that EXPECT_DEBUG_DEATH works as expected, that is, you can stream a
    620 // message to it, and in debug mode it:
    621 // 1. Asserts on death.
    622 // 2. Has no side effect.
    623 //
    624 // And in opt mode, it:
    625 // 1.  Has side effects but does not assert.
    626 TEST_F(TestForDeathTest, TestExpectDebugDeath) {
    627   int sideeffect = 0;
    628 
    629   EXPECT_DEBUG_DEATH(DieInDebugElse12(&sideeffect), "death.*DieInDebugElse12")
    630       << "Must accept a streamed message";
    631 
    632 # ifdef NDEBUG
    633 
    634   // Checks that the assignment occurs in opt mode (sideeffect).
    635   EXPECT_EQ(12, sideeffect);
    636 
    637 # else
    638 
    639   // Checks that the assignment does not occur in dbg mode (no sideeffect).
    640   EXPECT_EQ(0, sideeffect);
    641 
    642 # endif
    643 }
    644 
    645 // Tests that ASSERT_DEBUG_DEATH works as expected, that is, you can stream a
    646 // message to it, and in debug mode it:
    647 // 1. Asserts on death.
    648 // 2. Has no side effect.
    649 //
    650 // And in opt mode, it:
    651 // 1.  Has side effects but does not assert.
    652 TEST_F(TestForDeathTest, TestAssertDebugDeath) {
    653   int sideeffect = 0;
    654 
    655   ASSERT_DEBUG_DEATH(DieInDebugElse12(&sideeffect), "death.*DieInDebugElse12")
    656       << "Must accept a streamed message";
    657 
    658 # ifdef NDEBUG
    659 
    660   // Checks that the assignment occurs in opt mode (sideeffect).
    661   EXPECT_EQ(12, sideeffect);
    662 
    663 # else
    664 
    665   // Checks that the assignment does not occur in dbg mode (no sideeffect).
    666   EXPECT_EQ(0, sideeffect);
    667 
    668 # endif
    669 }
    670 
    671 # ifndef NDEBUG
    672 
    673 void ExpectDebugDeathHelper(bool* aborted) {
    674   *aborted = true;
    675   EXPECT_DEBUG_DEATH(return, "") << "This is expected to fail.";
    676   *aborted = false;
    677 }
    678 
    679 #  if GTEST_OS_WINDOWS
    680 TEST(PopUpDeathTest, DoesNotShowPopUpOnAbort) {
    681   printf("This test should be considered failing if it shows "
    682          "any pop-up dialogs.\n");
    683   fflush(stdout);
    684 
    685   EXPECT_DEATH({
    686     testing::GTEST_FLAG(catch_exceptions) = false;
    687     abort();
    688   }, "");
    689 }
    690 #  endif  // GTEST_OS_WINDOWS
    691 
    692 // Tests that EXPECT_DEBUG_DEATH in debug mode does not abort
    693 // the function.
    694 TEST_F(TestForDeathTest, ExpectDebugDeathDoesNotAbort) {
    695   bool aborted = true;
    696   EXPECT_NONFATAL_FAILURE(ExpectDebugDeathHelper(&aborted), "");
    697   EXPECT_FALSE(aborted);
    698 }
    699 
    700 void AssertDebugDeathHelper(bool* aborted) {
    701   *aborted = true;
    702   GTEST_LOG_(INFO) << "Before ASSERT_DEBUG_DEATH";
    703   ASSERT_DEBUG_DEATH(GTEST_LOG_(INFO) << "In ASSERT_DEBUG_DEATH"; return, "")
    704       << "This is expected to fail.";
    705   GTEST_LOG_(INFO) << "After ASSERT_DEBUG_DEATH";
    706   *aborted = false;
    707 }
    708 
    709 // Tests that ASSERT_DEBUG_DEATH in debug mode aborts the function on
    710 // failure.
    711 TEST_F(TestForDeathTest, AssertDebugDeathAborts) {
    712   static bool aborted;
    713   aborted = false;
    714   EXPECT_FATAL_FAILURE(AssertDebugDeathHelper(&aborted), "");
    715   EXPECT_TRUE(aborted);
    716 }
    717 
    718 TEST_F(TestForDeathTest, AssertDebugDeathAborts2) {
    719   static bool aborted;
    720   aborted = false;
    721   EXPECT_FATAL_FAILURE(AssertDebugDeathHelper(&aborted), "");
    722   EXPECT_TRUE(aborted);
    723 }
    724 
    725 TEST_F(TestForDeathTest, AssertDebugDeathAborts3) {
    726   static bool aborted;
    727   aborted = false;
    728   EXPECT_FATAL_FAILURE(AssertDebugDeathHelper(&aborted), "");
    729   EXPECT_TRUE(aborted);
    730 }
    731 
    732 TEST_F(TestForDeathTest, AssertDebugDeathAborts4) {
    733   static bool aborted;
    734   aborted = false;
    735   EXPECT_FATAL_FAILURE(AssertDebugDeathHelper(&aborted), "");
    736   EXPECT_TRUE(aborted);
    737 }
    738 
    739 TEST_F(TestForDeathTest, AssertDebugDeathAborts5) {
    740   static bool aborted;
    741   aborted = false;
    742   EXPECT_FATAL_FAILURE(AssertDebugDeathHelper(&aborted), "");
    743   EXPECT_TRUE(aborted);
    744 }
    745 
    746 TEST_F(TestForDeathTest, AssertDebugDeathAborts6) {
    747   static bool aborted;
    748   aborted = false;
    749   EXPECT_FATAL_FAILURE(AssertDebugDeathHelper(&aborted), "");
    750   EXPECT_TRUE(aborted);
    751 }
    752 
    753 TEST_F(TestForDeathTest, AssertDebugDeathAborts7) {
    754   static bool aborted;
    755   aborted = false;
    756   EXPECT_FATAL_FAILURE(AssertDebugDeathHelper(&aborted), "");
    757   EXPECT_TRUE(aborted);
    758 }
    759 
    760 TEST_F(TestForDeathTest, AssertDebugDeathAborts8) {
    761   static bool aborted;
    762   aborted = false;
    763   EXPECT_FATAL_FAILURE(AssertDebugDeathHelper(&aborted), "");
    764   EXPECT_TRUE(aborted);
    765 }
    766 
    767 TEST_F(TestForDeathTest, AssertDebugDeathAborts9) {
    768   static bool aborted;
    769   aborted = false;
    770   EXPECT_FATAL_FAILURE(AssertDebugDeathHelper(&aborted), "");
    771   EXPECT_TRUE(aborted);
    772 }
    773 
    774 TEST_F(TestForDeathTest, AssertDebugDeathAborts10) {
    775   static bool aborted;
    776   aborted = false;
    777   EXPECT_FATAL_FAILURE(AssertDebugDeathHelper(&aborted), "");
    778   EXPECT_TRUE(aborted);
    779 }
    780 
    781 # endif  // _NDEBUG
    782 
    783 // Tests the *_EXIT family of macros, using a variety of predicates.
    784 static void TestExitMacros() {
    785   EXPECT_EXIT(_exit(1),  testing::ExitedWithCode(1),  "");
    786   ASSERT_EXIT(_exit(42), testing::ExitedWithCode(42), "");
    787 
    788 # if GTEST_OS_WINDOWS
    789 
    790   // Of all signals effects on the process exit code, only those of SIGABRT
    791   // are documented on Windows.
    792   // See http://msdn.microsoft.com/en-us/library/dwwzkt4c(VS.71).aspx.
    793   EXPECT_EXIT(raise(SIGABRT), testing::ExitedWithCode(3), "") << "b_ar";
    794 
    795 # else
    796 
    797   EXPECT_EXIT(raise(SIGKILL), testing::KilledBySignal(SIGKILL), "") << "foo";
    798   ASSERT_EXIT(raise(SIGUSR2), testing::KilledBySignal(SIGUSR2), "") << "bar";
    799 
    800   EXPECT_FATAL_FAILURE({  // NOLINT
    801     ASSERT_EXIT(_exit(0), testing::KilledBySignal(SIGSEGV), "")
    802       << "This failure is expected, too.";
    803   }, "This failure is expected, too.");
    804 
    805 # endif  // GTEST_OS_WINDOWS
    806 
    807   EXPECT_NONFATAL_FAILURE({  // NOLINT
    808     EXPECT_EXIT(raise(SIGSEGV), testing::ExitedWithCode(0), "")
    809       << "This failure is expected.";
    810   }, "This failure is expected.");
    811 }
    812 
    813 TEST_F(TestForDeathTest, ExitMacros) {
    814   TestExitMacros();
    815 }
    816 
    817 TEST_F(TestForDeathTest, ExitMacrosUsingFork) {
    818   testing::GTEST_FLAG(death_test_use_fork) = true;
    819   TestExitMacros();
    820 }
    821 
    822 TEST_F(TestForDeathTest, InvalidStyle) {
    823   testing::GTEST_FLAG(death_test_style) = "rococo";
    824   EXPECT_NONFATAL_FAILURE({  // NOLINT
    825     EXPECT_DEATH(_exit(0), "") << "This failure is expected.";
    826   }, "This failure is expected.");
    827 }
    828 
    829 TEST_F(TestForDeathTest, DeathTestFailedOutput) {
    830   testing::GTEST_FLAG(death_test_style) = "fast";
    831   EXPECT_NONFATAL_FAILURE(
    832       EXPECT_DEATH(DieWithMessage("death\n"),
    833                    "expected message"),
    834       "Actual msg:\n"
    835       "[  DEATH   ] death\n");
    836 }
    837 
    838 TEST_F(TestForDeathTest, DeathTestUnexpectedReturnOutput) {
    839   testing::GTEST_FLAG(death_test_style) = "fast";
    840   EXPECT_NONFATAL_FAILURE(
    841       EXPECT_DEATH({
    842           fprintf(stderr, "returning\n");
    843           fflush(stderr);
    844           return;
    845         }, ""),
    846       "    Result: illegal return in test statement.\n"
    847       " Error msg:\n"
    848       "[  DEATH   ] returning\n");
    849 }
    850 
    851 TEST_F(TestForDeathTest, DeathTestBadExitCodeOutput) {
    852   testing::GTEST_FLAG(death_test_style) = "fast";
    853   EXPECT_NONFATAL_FAILURE(
    854       EXPECT_EXIT(DieWithMessage("exiting with rc 1\n"),
    855                   testing::ExitedWithCode(3),
    856                   "expected message"),
    857       "    Result: died but not with expected exit code:\n"
    858       "            Exited with exit status 1\n"
    859       "Actual msg:\n"
    860       "[  DEATH   ] exiting with rc 1\n");
    861 }
    862 
    863 TEST_F(TestForDeathTest, DeathTestMultiLineMatchFail) {
    864   testing::GTEST_FLAG(death_test_style) = "fast";
    865   EXPECT_NONFATAL_FAILURE(
    866       EXPECT_DEATH(DieWithMessage("line 1\nline 2\nline 3\n"),
    867                    "line 1\nxyz\nline 3\n"),
    868       "Actual msg:\n"
    869       "[  DEATH   ] line 1\n"
    870       "[  DEATH   ] line 2\n"
    871       "[  DEATH   ] line 3\n");
    872 }
    873 
    874 TEST_F(TestForDeathTest, DeathTestMultiLineMatchPass) {
    875   testing::GTEST_FLAG(death_test_style) = "fast";
    876   EXPECT_DEATH(DieWithMessage("line 1\nline 2\nline 3\n"),
    877                "line 1\nline 2\nline 3\n");
    878 }
    879 
    880 // A DeathTestFactory that returns MockDeathTests.
    881 class MockDeathTestFactory : public DeathTestFactory {
    882  public:
    883   MockDeathTestFactory();
    884   virtual bool Create(const char* statement,
    885                       const ::testing::internal::RE* regex,
    886                       const char* file, int line, DeathTest** test);
    887 
    888   // Sets the parameters for subsequent calls to Create.
    889   void SetParameters(bool create, DeathTest::TestRole role,
    890                      int status, bool passed);
    891 
    892   // Accessors.
    893   int AssumeRoleCalls() const { return assume_role_calls_; }
    894   int WaitCalls() const { return wait_calls_; }
    895   int PassedCalls() const { return passed_args_.size(); }
    896   bool PassedArgument(int n) const { return passed_args_[n]; }
    897   int AbortCalls() const { return abort_args_.size(); }
    898   DeathTest::AbortReason AbortArgument(int n) const {
    899     return abort_args_[n];
    900   }
    901   bool TestDeleted() const { return test_deleted_; }
    902 
    903  private:
    904   friend class MockDeathTest;
    905   // If true, Create will return a MockDeathTest; otherwise it returns
    906   // NULL.
    907   bool create_;
    908   // The value a MockDeathTest will return from its AssumeRole method.
    909   DeathTest::TestRole role_;
    910   // The value a MockDeathTest will return from its Wait method.
    911   int status_;
    912   // The value a MockDeathTest will return from its Passed method.
    913   bool passed_;
    914 
    915   // Number of times AssumeRole was called.
    916   int assume_role_calls_;
    917   // Number of times Wait was called.
    918   int wait_calls_;
    919   // The arguments to the calls to Passed since the last call to
    920   // SetParameters.
    921   std::vector<bool> passed_args_;
    922   // The arguments to the calls to Abort since the last call to
    923   // SetParameters.
    924   std::vector<DeathTest::AbortReason> abort_args_;
    925   // True if the last MockDeathTest returned by Create has been
    926   // deleted.
    927   bool test_deleted_;
    928 };
    929 
    930 
    931 // A DeathTest implementation useful in testing.  It returns values set
    932 // at its creation from its various inherited DeathTest methods, and
    933 // reports calls to those methods to its parent MockDeathTestFactory
    934 // object.
    935 class MockDeathTest : public DeathTest {
    936  public:
    937   MockDeathTest(MockDeathTestFactory *parent,
    938                 TestRole role, int status, bool passed) :
    939       parent_(parent), role_(role), status_(status), passed_(passed) {
    940   }
    941   virtual ~MockDeathTest() {
    942     parent_->test_deleted_ = true;
    943   }
    944   virtual TestRole AssumeRole() {
    945     ++parent_->assume_role_calls_;
    946     return role_;
    947   }
    948   virtual int Wait() {
    949     ++parent_->wait_calls_;
    950     return status_;
    951   }
    952   virtual bool Passed(bool exit_status_ok) {
    953     parent_->passed_args_.push_back(exit_status_ok);
    954     return passed_;
    955   }
    956   virtual void Abort(AbortReason reason) {
    957     parent_->abort_args_.push_back(reason);
    958   }
    959 
    960  private:
    961   MockDeathTestFactory* const parent_;
    962   const TestRole role_;
    963   const int status_;
    964   const bool passed_;
    965 };
    966 
    967 
    968 // MockDeathTestFactory constructor.
    969 MockDeathTestFactory::MockDeathTestFactory()
    970     : create_(true),
    971       role_(DeathTest::OVERSEE_TEST),
    972       status_(0),
    973       passed_(true),
    974       assume_role_calls_(0),
    975       wait_calls_(0),
    976       passed_args_(),
    977       abort_args_() {
    978 }
    979 
    980 
    981 // Sets the parameters for subsequent calls to Create.
    982 void MockDeathTestFactory::SetParameters(bool create,
    983                                          DeathTest::TestRole role,
    984                                          int status, bool passed) {
    985   create_ = create;
    986   role_ = role;
    987   status_ = status;
    988   passed_ = passed;
    989 
    990   assume_role_calls_ = 0;
    991   wait_calls_ = 0;
    992   passed_args_.clear();
    993   abort_args_.clear();
    994 }
    995 
    996 
    997 // Sets test to NULL (if create_ is false) or to the address of a new
    998 // MockDeathTest object with parameters taken from the last call
    999 // to SetParameters (if create_ is true).  Always returns true.
   1000 bool MockDeathTestFactory::Create(const char* /*statement*/,
   1001                                   const ::testing::internal::RE* /*regex*/,
   1002                                   const char* /*file*/,
   1003                                   int /*line*/,
   1004                                   DeathTest** test) {
   1005   test_deleted_ = false;
   1006   if (create_) {
   1007     *test = new MockDeathTest(this, role_, status_, passed_);
   1008   } else {
   1009     *test = NULL;
   1010   }
   1011   return true;
   1012 }
   1013 
   1014 // A test fixture for testing the logic of the GTEST_DEATH_TEST_ macro.
   1015 // It installs a MockDeathTestFactory that is used for the duration
   1016 // of the test case.
   1017 class MacroLogicDeathTest : public testing::Test {
   1018  protected:
   1019   static testing::internal::ReplaceDeathTestFactory* replacer_;
   1020   static MockDeathTestFactory* factory_;
   1021 
   1022   static void SetUpTestCase() {
   1023     factory_ = new MockDeathTestFactory;
   1024     replacer_ = new testing::internal::ReplaceDeathTestFactory(factory_);
   1025   }
   1026 
   1027   static void TearDownTestCase() {
   1028     delete replacer_;
   1029     replacer_ = NULL;
   1030     delete factory_;
   1031     factory_ = NULL;
   1032   }
   1033 
   1034   // Runs a death test that breaks the rules by returning.  Such a death
   1035   // test cannot be run directly from a test routine that uses a
   1036   // MockDeathTest, or the remainder of the routine will not be executed.
   1037   static void RunReturningDeathTest(bool* flag) {
   1038     ASSERT_DEATH({  // NOLINT
   1039       *flag = true;
   1040       return;
   1041     }, "");
   1042   }
   1043 };
   1044 
   1045 testing::internal::ReplaceDeathTestFactory* MacroLogicDeathTest::replacer_
   1046     = NULL;
   1047 MockDeathTestFactory* MacroLogicDeathTest::factory_ = NULL;
   1048 
   1049 
   1050 // Test that nothing happens when the factory doesn't return a DeathTest:
   1051 TEST_F(MacroLogicDeathTest, NothingHappens) {
   1052   bool flag = false;
   1053   factory_->SetParameters(false, DeathTest::OVERSEE_TEST, 0, true);
   1054   EXPECT_DEATH(flag = true, "");
   1055   EXPECT_FALSE(flag);
   1056   EXPECT_EQ(0, factory_->AssumeRoleCalls());
   1057   EXPECT_EQ(0, factory_->WaitCalls());
   1058   EXPECT_EQ(0, factory_->PassedCalls());
   1059   EXPECT_EQ(0, factory_->AbortCalls());
   1060   EXPECT_FALSE(factory_->TestDeleted());
   1061 }
   1062 
   1063 // Test that the parent process doesn't run the death test code,
   1064 // and that the Passed method returns false when the (simulated)
   1065 // child process exits with status 0:
   1066 TEST_F(MacroLogicDeathTest, ChildExitsSuccessfully) {
   1067   bool flag = false;
   1068   factory_->SetParameters(true, DeathTest::OVERSEE_TEST, 0, true);
   1069   EXPECT_DEATH(flag = true, "");
   1070   EXPECT_FALSE(flag);
   1071   EXPECT_EQ(1, factory_->AssumeRoleCalls());
   1072   EXPECT_EQ(1, factory_->WaitCalls());
   1073   ASSERT_EQ(1, factory_->PassedCalls());
   1074   EXPECT_FALSE(factory_->PassedArgument(0));
   1075   EXPECT_EQ(0, factory_->AbortCalls());
   1076   EXPECT_TRUE(factory_->TestDeleted());
   1077 }
   1078 
   1079 // Tests that the Passed method was given the argument "true" when
   1080 // the (simulated) child process exits with status 1:
   1081 TEST_F(MacroLogicDeathTest, ChildExitsUnsuccessfully) {
   1082   bool flag = false;
   1083   factory_->SetParameters(true, DeathTest::OVERSEE_TEST, 1, true);
   1084   EXPECT_DEATH(flag = true, "");
   1085   EXPECT_FALSE(flag);
   1086   EXPECT_EQ(1, factory_->AssumeRoleCalls());
   1087   EXPECT_EQ(1, factory_->WaitCalls());
   1088   ASSERT_EQ(1, factory_->PassedCalls());
   1089   EXPECT_TRUE(factory_->PassedArgument(0));
   1090   EXPECT_EQ(0, factory_->AbortCalls());
   1091   EXPECT_TRUE(factory_->TestDeleted());
   1092 }
   1093 
   1094 // Tests that the (simulated) child process executes the death test
   1095 // code, and is aborted with the correct AbortReason if it
   1096 // executes a return statement.
   1097 TEST_F(MacroLogicDeathTest, ChildPerformsReturn) {
   1098   bool flag = false;
   1099   factory_->SetParameters(true, DeathTest::EXECUTE_TEST, 0, true);
   1100   RunReturningDeathTest(&flag);
   1101   EXPECT_TRUE(flag);
   1102   EXPECT_EQ(1, factory_->AssumeRoleCalls());
   1103   EXPECT_EQ(0, factory_->WaitCalls());
   1104   EXPECT_EQ(0, factory_->PassedCalls());
   1105   EXPECT_EQ(1, factory_->AbortCalls());
   1106   EXPECT_EQ(DeathTest::TEST_ENCOUNTERED_RETURN_STATEMENT,
   1107             factory_->AbortArgument(0));
   1108   EXPECT_TRUE(factory_->TestDeleted());
   1109 }
   1110 
   1111 // Tests that the (simulated) child process is aborted with the
   1112 // correct AbortReason if it does not die.
   1113 TEST_F(MacroLogicDeathTest, ChildDoesNotDie) {
   1114   bool flag = false;
   1115   factory_->SetParameters(true, DeathTest::EXECUTE_TEST, 0, true);
   1116   EXPECT_DEATH(flag = true, "");
   1117   EXPECT_TRUE(flag);
   1118   EXPECT_EQ(1, factory_->AssumeRoleCalls());
   1119   EXPECT_EQ(0, factory_->WaitCalls());
   1120   EXPECT_EQ(0, factory_->PassedCalls());
   1121   // This time there are two calls to Abort: one since the test didn't
   1122   // die, and another from the ReturnSentinel when it's destroyed.  The
   1123   // sentinel normally isn't destroyed if a test doesn't die, since
   1124   // _exit(2) is called in that case by ForkingDeathTest, but not by
   1125   // our MockDeathTest.
   1126   ASSERT_EQ(2, factory_->AbortCalls());
   1127   EXPECT_EQ(DeathTest::TEST_DID_NOT_DIE,
   1128             factory_->AbortArgument(0));
   1129   EXPECT_EQ(DeathTest::TEST_ENCOUNTERED_RETURN_STATEMENT,
   1130             factory_->AbortArgument(1));
   1131   EXPECT_TRUE(factory_->TestDeleted());
   1132 }
   1133 
   1134 // Tests that a successful death test does not register a successful
   1135 // test part.
   1136 TEST(SuccessRegistrationDeathTest, NoSuccessPart) {
   1137   EXPECT_DEATH(_exit(1), "");
   1138   EXPECT_EQ(0, GetUnitTestImpl()->current_test_result()->total_part_count());
   1139 }
   1140 
   1141 TEST(StreamingAssertionsDeathTest, DeathTest) {
   1142   EXPECT_DEATH(_exit(1), "") << "unexpected failure";
   1143   ASSERT_DEATH(_exit(1), "") << "unexpected failure";
   1144   EXPECT_NONFATAL_FAILURE({  // NOLINT
   1145     EXPECT_DEATH(_exit(0), "") << "expected failure";
   1146   }, "expected failure");
   1147   EXPECT_FATAL_FAILURE({  // NOLINT
   1148     ASSERT_DEATH(_exit(0), "") << "expected failure";
   1149   }, "expected failure");
   1150 }
   1151 
   1152 // Tests that GetLastErrnoDescription returns an empty string when the
   1153 // last error is 0 and non-empty string when it is non-zero.
   1154 TEST(GetLastErrnoDescription, GetLastErrnoDescriptionWorks) {
   1155   errno = ENOENT;
   1156   EXPECT_STRNE("", GetLastErrnoDescription().c_str());
   1157   errno = 0;
   1158   EXPECT_STREQ("", GetLastErrnoDescription().c_str());
   1159 }
   1160 
   1161 # if GTEST_OS_WINDOWS
   1162 TEST(AutoHandleTest, AutoHandleWorks) {
   1163   HANDLE handle = ::CreateEvent(NULL, FALSE, FALSE, NULL);
   1164   ASSERT_NE(INVALID_HANDLE_VALUE, handle);
   1165 
   1166   // Tests that the AutoHandle is correctly initialized with a handle.
   1167   testing::internal::AutoHandle auto_handle(handle);
   1168   EXPECT_EQ(handle, auto_handle.Get());
   1169 
   1170   // Tests that Reset assigns INVALID_HANDLE_VALUE.
   1171   // Note that this cannot verify whether the original handle is closed.
   1172   auto_handle.Reset();
   1173   EXPECT_EQ(INVALID_HANDLE_VALUE, auto_handle.Get());
   1174 
   1175   // Tests that Reset assigns the new handle.
   1176   // Note that this cannot verify whether the original handle is closed.
   1177   handle = ::CreateEvent(NULL, FALSE, FALSE, NULL);
   1178   ASSERT_NE(INVALID_HANDLE_VALUE, handle);
   1179   auto_handle.Reset(handle);
   1180   EXPECT_EQ(handle, auto_handle.Get());
   1181 
   1182   // Tests that AutoHandle contains INVALID_HANDLE_VALUE by default.
   1183   testing::internal::AutoHandle auto_handle2;
   1184   EXPECT_EQ(INVALID_HANDLE_VALUE, auto_handle2.Get());
   1185 }
   1186 # endif  // GTEST_OS_WINDOWS
   1187 
   1188 # if GTEST_OS_WINDOWS
   1189 typedef unsigned __int64 BiggestParsable;
   1190 typedef signed __int64 BiggestSignedParsable;
   1191 # else
   1192 typedef unsigned long long BiggestParsable;
   1193 typedef signed long long BiggestSignedParsable;
   1194 # endif  // GTEST_OS_WINDOWS
   1195 
   1196 // We cannot use std::numeric_limits<T>::max() as it clashes with the
   1197 // max() macro defined by <windows.h>.
   1198 const BiggestParsable kBiggestParsableMax = ULLONG_MAX;
   1199 const BiggestSignedParsable kBiggestSignedParsableMax = LLONG_MAX;
   1200 
   1201 TEST(ParseNaturalNumberTest, RejectsInvalidFormat) {
   1202   BiggestParsable result = 0;
   1203 
   1204   // Rejects non-numbers.
   1205   EXPECT_FALSE(ParseNaturalNumber("non-number string", &result));
   1206 
   1207   // Rejects numbers with whitespace prefix.
   1208   EXPECT_FALSE(ParseNaturalNumber(" 123", &result));
   1209 
   1210   // Rejects negative numbers.
   1211   EXPECT_FALSE(ParseNaturalNumber("-123", &result));
   1212 
   1213   // Rejects numbers starting with a plus sign.
   1214   EXPECT_FALSE(ParseNaturalNumber("+123", &result));
   1215   errno = 0;
   1216 }
   1217 
   1218 TEST(ParseNaturalNumberTest, RejectsOverflownNumbers) {
   1219   BiggestParsable result = 0;
   1220 
   1221   EXPECT_FALSE(ParseNaturalNumber("99999999999999999999999", &result));
   1222 
   1223   signed char char_result = 0;
   1224   EXPECT_FALSE(ParseNaturalNumber("200", &char_result));
   1225   errno = 0;
   1226 }
   1227 
   1228 TEST(ParseNaturalNumberTest, AcceptsValidNumbers) {
   1229   BiggestParsable result = 0;
   1230 
   1231   result = 0;
   1232   ASSERT_TRUE(ParseNaturalNumber("123", &result));
   1233   EXPECT_EQ(123U, result);
   1234 
   1235   // Check 0 as an edge case.
   1236   result = 1;
   1237   ASSERT_TRUE(ParseNaturalNumber("0", &result));
   1238   EXPECT_EQ(0U, result);
   1239 
   1240   result = 1;
   1241   ASSERT_TRUE(ParseNaturalNumber("00000", &result));
   1242   EXPECT_EQ(0U, result);
   1243 }
   1244 
   1245 TEST(ParseNaturalNumberTest, AcceptsTypeLimits) {
   1246   Message msg;
   1247   msg << kBiggestParsableMax;
   1248 
   1249   BiggestParsable result = 0;
   1250   EXPECT_TRUE(ParseNaturalNumber(msg.GetString(), &result));
   1251   EXPECT_EQ(kBiggestParsableMax, result);
   1252 
   1253   Message msg2;
   1254   msg2 << kBiggestSignedParsableMax;
   1255 
   1256   BiggestSignedParsable signed_result = 0;
   1257   EXPECT_TRUE(ParseNaturalNumber(msg2.GetString(), &signed_result));
   1258   EXPECT_EQ(kBiggestSignedParsableMax, signed_result);
   1259 
   1260   Message msg3;
   1261   msg3 << INT_MAX;
   1262 
   1263   int int_result = 0;
   1264   EXPECT_TRUE(ParseNaturalNumber(msg3.GetString(), &int_result));
   1265   EXPECT_EQ(INT_MAX, int_result);
   1266 
   1267   Message msg4;
   1268   msg4 << UINT_MAX;
   1269 
   1270   unsigned int uint_result = 0;
   1271   EXPECT_TRUE(ParseNaturalNumber(msg4.GetString(), &uint_result));
   1272   EXPECT_EQ(UINT_MAX, uint_result);
   1273 }
   1274 
   1275 TEST(ParseNaturalNumberTest, WorksForShorterIntegers) {
   1276   short short_result = 0;
   1277   ASSERT_TRUE(ParseNaturalNumber("123", &short_result));
   1278   EXPECT_EQ(123, short_result);
   1279 
   1280   signed char char_result = 0;
   1281   ASSERT_TRUE(ParseNaturalNumber("123", &char_result));
   1282   EXPECT_EQ(123, char_result);
   1283 }
   1284 
   1285 # if GTEST_OS_WINDOWS
   1286 TEST(EnvironmentTest, HandleFitsIntoSizeT) {
   1287   // TODO(vladl (at) google.com): Remove this test after this condition is verified
   1288   // in a static assertion in gtest-death-test.cc in the function
   1289   // GetStatusFileDescriptor.
   1290   ASSERT_TRUE(sizeof(HANDLE) <= sizeof(size_t));
   1291 }
   1292 # endif  // GTEST_OS_WINDOWS
   1293 
   1294 // Tests that EXPECT_DEATH_IF_SUPPORTED/ASSERT_DEATH_IF_SUPPORTED trigger
   1295 // failures when death tests are available on the system.
   1296 TEST(ConditionalDeathMacrosDeathTest, ExpectsDeathWhenDeathTestsAvailable) {
   1297   EXPECT_DEATH_IF_SUPPORTED(DieInside("CondDeathTestExpectMacro"),
   1298                             "death inside CondDeathTestExpectMacro");
   1299   ASSERT_DEATH_IF_SUPPORTED(DieInside("CondDeathTestAssertMacro"),
   1300                             "death inside CondDeathTestAssertMacro");
   1301 
   1302   // Empty statement will not crash, which must trigger a failure.
   1303   EXPECT_NONFATAL_FAILURE(EXPECT_DEATH_IF_SUPPORTED(;, ""), "");
   1304   EXPECT_FATAL_FAILURE(ASSERT_DEATH_IF_SUPPORTED(;, ""), "");
   1305 }
   1306 
   1307 #else
   1308 
   1309 using testing::internal::CaptureStderr;
   1310 using testing::internal::GetCapturedStderr;
   1311 
   1312 // Tests that EXPECT_DEATH_IF_SUPPORTED/ASSERT_DEATH_IF_SUPPORTED are still
   1313 // defined but do not trigger failures when death tests are not available on
   1314 // the system.
   1315 TEST(ConditionalDeathMacrosTest, WarnsWhenDeathTestsNotAvailable) {
   1316   // Empty statement will not crash, but that should not trigger a failure
   1317   // when death tests are not supported.
   1318   CaptureStderr();
   1319   EXPECT_DEATH_IF_SUPPORTED(;, "");
   1320   std::string output = GetCapturedStderr();
   1321   ASSERT_TRUE(NULL != strstr(output.c_str(),
   1322                              "Death tests are not supported on this platform"));
   1323   ASSERT_TRUE(NULL != strstr(output.c_str(), ";"));
   1324 
   1325   // The streamed message should not be printed as there is no test failure.
   1326   CaptureStderr();
   1327   EXPECT_DEATH_IF_SUPPORTED(;, "") << "streamed message";
   1328   output = GetCapturedStderr();
   1329   ASSERT_TRUE(NULL == strstr(output.c_str(), "streamed message"));
   1330 
   1331   CaptureStderr();
   1332   ASSERT_DEATH_IF_SUPPORTED(;, "");  // NOLINT
   1333   output = GetCapturedStderr();
   1334   ASSERT_TRUE(NULL != strstr(output.c_str(),
   1335                              "Death tests are not supported on this platform"));
   1336   ASSERT_TRUE(NULL != strstr(output.c_str(), ";"));
   1337 
   1338   CaptureStderr();
   1339   ASSERT_DEATH_IF_SUPPORTED(;, "") << "streamed message";  // NOLINT
   1340   output = GetCapturedStderr();
   1341   ASSERT_TRUE(NULL == strstr(output.c_str(), "streamed message"));
   1342 }
   1343 
   1344 void FuncWithAssert(int* n) {
   1345   ASSERT_DEATH_IF_SUPPORTED(return;, "");
   1346   (*n)++;
   1347 }
   1348 
   1349 // Tests that ASSERT_DEATH_IF_SUPPORTED does not return from the current
   1350 // function (as ASSERT_DEATH does) if death tests are not supported.
   1351 TEST(ConditionalDeathMacrosTest, AssertDeatDoesNotReturnhIfUnsupported) {
   1352   int n = 0;
   1353   FuncWithAssert(&n);
   1354   EXPECT_EQ(1, n);
   1355 }
   1356 
   1357 TEST(InDeathTestChildDeathTest, ReportsDeathTestCorrectlyInFastStyle) {
   1358   testing::GTEST_FLAG(death_test_style) = "fast";
   1359   EXPECT_FALSE(InDeathTestChild());
   1360   EXPECT_DEATH({
   1361     fprintf(stderr, InDeathTestChild() ? "Inside" : "Outside");
   1362     fflush(stderr);
   1363     _exit(1);
   1364   }, "Inside");
   1365 }
   1366 
   1367 TEST(InDeathTestChildDeathTest, ReportsDeathTestCorrectlyInThreadSafeStyle) {
   1368   testing::GTEST_FLAG(death_test_style) = "threadsafe";
   1369   EXPECT_FALSE(InDeathTestChild());
   1370   EXPECT_DEATH({
   1371     fprintf(stderr, InDeathTestChild() ? "Inside" : "Outside");
   1372     fflush(stderr);
   1373     _exit(1);
   1374   }, "Inside");
   1375 }
   1376 
   1377 #endif  // GTEST_HAS_DEATH_TEST
   1378 
   1379 // Tests that the death test macros expand to code which may or may not
   1380 // be followed by operator<<, and that in either case the complete text
   1381 // comprises only a single C++ statement.
   1382 //
   1383 // The syntax should work whether death tests are available or not.
   1384 TEST(ConditionalDeathMacrosSyntaxDeathTest, SingleStatement) {
   1385   if (AlwaysFalse())
   1386     // This would fail if executed; this is a compilation test only
   1387     ASSERT_DEATH_IF_SUPPORTED(return, "");
   1388 
   1389   if (AlwaysTrue())
   1390     EXPECT_DEATH_IF_SUPPORTED(_exit(1), "");
   1391   else
   1392     // This empty "else" branch is meant to ensure that EXPECT_DEATH
   1393     // doesn't expand into an "if" statement without an "else"
   1394     ;  // NOLINT
   1395 
   1396   if (AlwaysFalse())
   1397     ASSERT_DEATH_IF_SUPPORTED(return, "") << "did not die";
   1398 
   1399   if (AlwaysFalse())
   1400     ;  // NOLINT
   1401   else
   1402     EXPECT_DEATH_IF_SUPPORTED(_exit(1), "") << 1 << 2 << 3;
   1403 }
   1404 
   1405 // Tests that conditional death test macros expand to code which interacts
   1406 // well with switch statements.
   1407 TEST(ConditionalDeathMacrosSyntaxDeathTest, SwitchStatement) {
   1408 // Microsoft compiler usually complains about switch statements without
   1409 // case labels. We suppress that warning for this test.
   1410 #ifdef _MSC_VER
   1411 # pragma warning(push)
   1412 # pragma warning(disable: 4065)
   1413 #endif  // _MSC_VER
   1414 
   1415   switch (0)
   1416     default:
   1417       ASSERT_DEATH_IF_SUPPORTED(_exit(1), "")
   1418           << "exit in default switch handler";
   1419 
   1420   switch (0)
   1421     case 0:
   1422       EXPECT_DEATH_IF_SUPPORTED(_exit(1), "") << "exit in switch case";
   1423 
   1424 #ifdef _MSC_VER
   1425 # pragma warning(pop)
   1426 #endif  // _MSC_VER
   1427 }
   1428 
   1429 // Tests that a test case whose name ends with "DeathTest" works fine
   1430 // on Windows.
   1431 TEST(NotADeathTest, Test) {
   1432   SUCCEED();
   1433 }
   1434