xref: /frameworks/base/docs/html-intl/intl/ru/guide/components/activities.jd

page.title=
page.tags=,
@jd:body

<div id="qv-wrapper">
<div id="qv">
<h2> </h2>
<ol>
  <li><a href="#Creating"> </a>
    <ol>
      <li><a href="#UI">  </a></li>
      <li><a href="#Declaring">   </a></li>
    </ol>
  </li>
  <li><a href="#StartingAnActivity"> </a>
    <ol>
      <li><a href="#StartingAnActivityForResult">    </a></li>
    </ol>
  </li>
  <li><a href="#ShuttingDown"> </a></li>
  <li><a href="#Lifecycle">   </a>
    <ol>
      <li><a href="#ImplementingLifecycleCallbacks">    </a></li>
      <li><a href="#SavingActivityState">  </a></li>
      <li><a href="#ConfigurationChanges">   </a></li>
      <li><a href="#CoordinatingActivities"> </a></li>
    </ol>
  </li>
</ol>

<h2> </h2>
<ol>
  <li>{@link android.app.Activity}</li>
</ol>

<h2>. :</h2>
<ol>
  <li><a href="{@docRoot}guide/components/tasks-and-back-stack.html">  
 </a></li>
</ol>

</div>
</div>



<p>{@link android.app.Activity}   ,   ,
         - ,    ,  ,   
 .         .  
   ,      ,      
.</p>

<p>  ,     ,   
   .         , 
     .   , 
        .  , 
  ,   ,    
  (  ).           
  .          ,
           <em></em>,  
   ( ),    . (   
     <a href="{@docRoot}guide/components/tasks-and-back-stack.html">  
 </a>.)</p>

<p>       ,      
      .
   ,        
&mdash;  ,  ,    ; 
       ,
    . ,       
 , ,      .     
        .   
    .</p>

<p>         ,
     ,     ,   
    .</p>



<h2 id="Creating"> </h2>

<p>  ,      {@link android.app.Activity} (
   ).        , 
            ,  
, ,    .     
 :</p>

<dl>
  <dt>{@link android.app.Activity#onCreate onCreate()}</dt>
  <dd>    ,       
.        
.
         {@link android.app.Activity#setContentView
setContentView()}      .</dd>
  <dt>{@link android.app.Activity#onPause onPause()}</dt>
  <dd>          
 (    ,    ).   
   ,          (
    ).</dd>
</dl>

<p>         ,     ,  
   ,         ,      
   .            ,
 <a href="#Lifecycle">   </a>.</p>



<h3 id="UI">  </h3>

<p>        &mdash;,  
 {@link android.view.View}.        
       . ,   
,        .</p>

<p> Android     ,         
.      ( ) , , 
,  ,    .   ,    {@link
android.view.ViewGroup},        ,   
,    .       {@link android.view.View} 
{@link android.view.ViewGroup} (   ),      
,        .</p>

<p>         XML- ,  
 .          
 ,      .       
,    {@link android.app.Activity#setContentView(int) setContentView()},   
   .       {@link android.view.View}   
    .    {@link
android.view.View}  {@link android.view.ViewGroup},     ,   
{@link android.view.ViewGroup}   {@link android.app.Activity#setContentView(View)
setContentView()}.</p>

<p>      .   <a href="{@docRoot}guide/topics/ui/index.html"> </a>.</p>



<h3 id="Declaring">   </h3>

<p>    ,     
.         <a href="{@docRoot}guide/topics/manifest/activity-element.html">{@code &lt;activity&gt;}</a> 
   
<a href="{@docRoot}guide/topics/manifest/application-element.html">{@code &lt;application&gt;}</a>. :</p>

<pre>
&lt;manifest ... &gt;
  &lt;application ... &gt;
      &lt;activity android:name=".ExampleActivity" /&gt;
      ...
  &lt;/application ... &gt;
  ...
&lt;/manifest &gt;
</pre>

<p>   ,      ,   
,   ,         .
    <a href="{@docRoot}guide/topics/manifest/activity-element.html#nm">{@code android:name}</a>
&mdash;     . 
       ,     
  , ,   (   <a href="http://android-developers.blogspot.com/2011/06/things-that-cannot-change.html">
,   </a>   ).</p>

<p>    
  .     <a href="{@docRoot}guide/topics/manifest/activity-element.html">{@code &lt;activity&gt;}</a>.</p>


<h4>  </h4>

<p> <a href="{@docRoot}guide/topics/manifest/activity-element.html">{@code
&lt;activity&gt;}</a>      &mdash;    <a href="{@docRoot}guide/topics/manifest/intent-filter-element.html">{@code
&lt;intent-filter&gt;}</a>&mdash;   ,    
  .</p>

<p>       Android SDK   ,
 ,   ,   .
      ,        .  
  .</p>

<pre>
&lt;activity android:name=".ExampleActivity" android:icon="@drawable/app_icon"&gt;
    &lt;intent-filter&gt;
        &lt;action android:name="android.intent.action.MAIN" /&gt;
        &lt;category android:name="android.intent.category.LAUNCHER" /&gt;
    &lt;/intent-filter&gt;
&lt;/activity&gt;
</pre>

<p> <a href="{@docRoot}guide/topics/manifest/action-element.html">{@code
&lt;action&gt;}</a> ,       .  <a href="{@docRoot}guide/topics/manifest/category-element.html">{@code
&lt;category&gt;}</a>,      
    (     ).</p>

<p>         
 ,       .       
   ,        ,    .  ,
       ,     .
          (    ).</p>

<p>,   ,      ,
    (    ),      
.    ,    ,    <a href="{@docRoot}guide/topics/manifest/intent-filter-element.html">{@code
&lt;intent-filter&gt;}</a>,  
<a href="{@docRoot}guide/topics/manifest/action-element.html">{@code
&lt;action&gt;}</a>    <a href="{@docRoot}guide/topics/manifest/category-element.html">{@code
&lt;category&gt;}</a>  <a href="{@docRoot}guide/topics/manifest/data-element.html">{@code
&lt;data&gt;}</a> (   ).     ,    
 .</p>

<p>   ,      ,    <a href="{@docRoot}guide/components/intents-filters.html">   </a>.
</p>



<h2 id="StartingAnActivity"> </h2>

<p>       {@link android.app.Activity#startActivity
startActivity()},     {@link android.content.Intent},   
.        ,  
 ,     (      
, 
     ).       ,
    .</p>

<p>          .
     ,     
   .           {@code
SignInActivity}.</p>

<pre>
Intent intent = new Intent(this, SignInActivity.class);
startActivity(intent);
</pre>

<p>         , ,  , 
   ,     .       
  ,     
  ,   ,     .     
  &mdash;   ,    ,
  
    .  
 ,    ,   ,     . ,
       ,  
 :</p>

<pre>
Intent intent = new Intent(Intent.ACTION_SEND);
intent.putExtra(Intent.EXTRA_EMAIL, recipientArray);
startActivity(intent);
</pre>

<p>  {@link android.content.Intent#EXTRA_EMAIL},   ,    
     .      
,               
   .      ,   , 
   ,   .</p>




<h3 id="StartingAnActivityForResult">    </h3>

<p>         .  
  {@link android.app.Activity#startActivityForResult
startActivityForResult()} ( {@link android.app.Activity#startActivity
startActivity()}).      
,   
 {@link android.app.Activity#onActivityResult onActivityResult()}.          {@link
android.content.Intent}
   {@link android.app.Activity#onActivityResult onActivityResult()}.</p>

<p> ,      ,    
       .      
  .</p>

<pre>
private void pickContact() {
    // Create an intent to "pick" a contact, as defined by the content provider URI
    Intent intent = new Intent(Intent.ACTION_PICK, Contacts.CONTENT_URI);
    startActivityForResult(intent, PICK_CONTACT_REQUEST);
}

&#64;Override
protected void onActivityResult(int requestCode, int resultCode, Intent data) {
    // If the request went well (OK) and the request was PICK_CONTACT_REQUEST
    if (resultCode == Activity.RESULT_OK &amp;&amp; requestCode == PICK_CONTACT_REQUEST) {
        // Perform a query to the contact's content provider for the contact's name
        Cursor cursor = getContentResolver().query(data.getData(),
        new String[] {Contacts.DISPLAY_NAME}, null, null, null);
        if (cursor.moveToFirst()) { // True if the cursor is not empty
            int columnIndex = cursor.getColumnIndex(Contacts.DISPLAY_NAME);
            String name = cursor.getString(columnIndex);
            // Do something with the selected contact's name...
        }
    }
}
</pre>

<p>     ,       {@link
android.app.Activity#onActivityResult onActivityResult()}   
 .   ,   ,   ,   
{@code resultCode}  {@link android.app.Activity#RESULT_OK};  ,   ,
    ,    {@code requestCode} 
 ,    {@link android.app.Activity#startActivityForResult
startActivityForResult()}.         ,
  {@link android.content.Intent} ( {@code data}).</p>

<p>  {@link
android.content.ContentResolver}     ,   
{@link android.database.Cursor},    .     
<a href="{@docRoot}guide/topics/providers/content-providers.html"> </a>.</p>

<p>     .   <a href="{@docRoot}guide/components/intents-filters.html">  
</a>.</p>


<h2 id="ShuttingDown"> </h2>

<p>       {@link android.app.Activity#finish
finish()}.     ,  ,   
{@link android.app.Activity#finishActivity finishActivity()}.</p>

<p class="note"><strong>.</strong>         
   .     ,     , 
Android     ,      
 .        
 .     ,     ,     
 .</p>


<h2 id="Lifecycle">   </h2>

<p>        
     
  .        
  ,      .</p>

<p>    :</p>

<dl>
  <dt><i></i></dt>
    <dd>         . ( 
   .)</dd>

  <dt><i></i></dt>
    <dd>     ,    ,    -  .   
     ,      
  .     ( {@link android.app.Activity}
-   ,           ,      
 ),          .</dd>

  <dt><i></i></dt>
    <dd>     (   
 ).   -  ( {@link android.app.Activity}
-   ,           ,    <em></em>
   ).      ,      
  .</dd>
</dl>

<p>     ,        
   (   {@link android.app.Activity#finish finish()})    
.       (  )   
.</p>



<h3 id="ImplementingLifecycleCallbacks">    </h3>

<p>        ,    
     .       , 
         .   
       .</p>


<pre>
public class ExampleActivity extends Activity {
    &#64;Override
    public void {@link android.app.Activity#onCreate onCreate}(Bundle savedInstanceState) {
        super.onCreate(savedInstanceState);
        // The activity is being created.
    }
    &#64;Override
    protected void {@link android.app.Activity#onStart onStart()} {
        super.onStart();
        // The activity is about to become visible.
    }
    &#64;Override
    protected void {@link android.app.Activity#onResume onResume()} {
        super.onResume();
        // The activity has become visible (it is now "resumed").
    }
    &#64;Override
    protected void {@link android.app.Activity#onPause onPause()} {
        super.onPause();
        // Another activity is taking focus (this activity is about to be "paused").
    }
    &#64;Override
    protected void {@link android.app.Activity#onStop onStop()} {
        super.onStop();
        // The activity is no longer visible (it is now "stopped")
    }
    &#64;Override
    protected void {@link android.app.Activity#onDestroy onDestroy()} {
        super.onDestroy();
        // The activity is about to be destroyed.
    }
}
</pre>

<p class="note"><strong>.</strong>      
   ,    - ,     .</p>

<p>        .    
         : </p>

<ul>
<li><b>  </b>      {@link
android.app.Activity#onCreate onCreate()}    {@link
android.app.Activity#onDestroy}.     
  (,  )   {@link android.app.Activity#onCreate onCreate()},  
    {@link android.app.Activity#onDestroy} . ,    
 ,    ,     ,   
    {@link android.app.Activity#onCreate onCreate()},       {@link
android.app.Activity#onDestroy}.</li>

<li><p><b>  </b>      {@link
android.app.Activity#onStart onStart()}  {@link
android.app.Activity#onStop onStop()}.     
  ,      . ,  {@link android.app.Activity#onStop onStop()}  
,    ,     .        
 ,      . ,   
{@link android.content.BroadcastReceiver}   {@link
android.app.Activity#onStart onStart()}   ,    ,     
  {@link android.app.Activity#onStop onStop()},      
.             {@link android.app.Activity#onStart onStart()}  {@link
android.app.Activity#onStop onStop()}, 
    ,    .</p></li>

<li><p><b>  ,    </b>,     {@link
android.app.Activity#onResume onResume()}  {@link android.app.Activity#onPause
onPause()}.            
  .            &mdash; ,
 {@link android.app.Activity#onPause onPause()}        
   .         ,     
  ,          .</p></li>
</ul>

<p> 1    ,      .
    ,           
  . <p>

<img src="{@docRoot}images/activity_lifecycle.png" alt="" />
<p class="img-caption"><strong>1.</strong>   .</p>

<p>       1,      
      
    ,    ,       
  .</p>

<p class="table-caption"><strong>1.</strong>      
  .</p>

<table border="2" width="85%" frame="hsides" rules="rows">
<colgroup align="left" span="3"></colgroup>
<colgroup align="left"></colgroup>
<colgroup align="center"></colgroup>
<colgroup align="center"></colgroup>

<thead>
<tr><th colspan="3"></th> <th></th> <th>?</th> <th></th></tr>
</thead>

<tbody>
<tr>
  <td colspan="3" align="left"><code>{@link android.app.Activity#onCreate onCreate()}</code></td>
  <td>    .
            &mdash;
 ,    ..    
 Bundle,     (
    ; .  <a href="#actstate"> 
</a>).
      <p>     {@code onStart()}.</p></td>
  <td align="center"></td>
      <td align="center">{@code onStart()}</td>
</tr>

<tr>
   <td rowspan="5" style="border-left: none; border-right: none;">&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;</td>
   <td colspan="2" align="left"><code>{@link android.app.Activity#onRestart
onRestart()}</code></td>
   <td>      
 .
       <p>     {@code onStart()}.</p></td>
   <td align="center"></td>
   <td align="center">{@code onStart()}</td>
</tr>

<tr>
   <td colspan="2" align="left"><code>{@link android.app.Activity#onStart onStart()}</code></td>
   <td>   ,      .
       <p>    {@code onResume()},  
   ,   {@code onStop()},    .</p></td>
    <td align="center"></td>
    <td align="center">{@code onResume()} <br/><br/> {@code onStop()}</td>
</tr>

<tr>
   <td rowspan="2" style="border-left: none;">&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;</td>
   <td align="left"><code>{@link android.app.Activity#onResume onResume()}</code></td>
   <td>   ,  
   .        
  ,     ,  .
       <p>     {@code onPause()}.</p></td>
   <td align="center"></td>
   <td align="center">{@code onPause()}</td>
</tr>

<tr>
   <td align="left"><code>{@link android.app.Activity#onPause onPause()}</code></td>
   <td>,    
 .         
    ,     ,  
    ..     , 
       ,        .
       <p>     {@code onResume()},  
   ,   {@code onStop()},  
   .</td>
   <td align="center"><strong style="color:#800000"></strong></td>
   <td align="center">{@code onResume()} <br/><br/> {@code onStop()}</td>
</tr>

<tr>
   <td colspan="2" align="left"><code>{@link android.app.Activity#onStop onStop()}</code></td>
   <td>  ,       .   
   ,   ,       
(  ).
       <p>     {@code onRestart()}, 
    ,  
{@code onDestroy()},      .</p></td>
   <td align="center"><strong style="color:#800000"></strong></td>
   <td align="center">{@code onRestart()} <br/><br/> {@code onDestroy()}</td>
</tr>

<tr>
   <td colspan="3" align="left"><code>{@link android.app.Activity#onDestroy
onDestroy()}</code></td>
   <td>  ,    .    ,
  .       
  (  <code>{@link android.app.Activity#finish
       finish()}</code>),      
     .     
,   <code>{@link
       android.app.Activity#isFinishing isFinishing()}</code>.</td>
   <td align="center"><strong style="color:#800000"></strong></td>
   <td align="center"><em></em></td>
</tr>
</tbody>
</table>

<p>  ? ,   
    ,  , <em>  </em> 
    .         : ({@link
android.app.Activity#onPause
onPause()}, {@link android.app.Activity#onStop onStop()}  {@link android.app.Activity#onDestroy
onDestroy()}).   {@link android.app.Activity#onPause onPause()}   
    ,  {@link android.app.Activity#onPause onPause()} 
,      ,   <em> </em> ; 
        ,   {@link
android.app.Activity#onStop onStop()}  {@link android.app.Activity#onDestroy onDestroy()} 
 .    {@link android.app.Activity#onPause onPause()},  
   (   )    .       ,
       {@link android.app.Activity#onPause onPause()},   
             
.</p>

<p> ,     <b>?</b>  ,  ,  
,       .    
     {@link android.app.Activity#onPause onPause()}  
{@link android.app.Activity#onResume onResume()}.     ,       
{@link android.app.Activity#onPause onPause()}. </p>

<p class="note"><strong>.</strong> ,        
 1, -   ,      
 ,    . ,    ,
    <a href="{@docRoot}guide/components/processes-and-threads.html"> 
</a>.</p>


<h3 id="SavingActivityState">  </h3>

<p>    <a href="#Lifecycle">   </a>  ,

         .   , 
 {@link android.app.Activity}   -   
,          - .  
     ,       
(  ),      .</p>

<p>        ,  {@link
android.app.Activity} ,            
 .        {@link android.app.Activity},  
  .   ,
        , , ,
 ,    .     
        
  ,       : {@link
android.app.Activity#onSaveInstanceState onSaveInstanceState()}.</p>

<p>      ,   
{@link android.app.Activity#onSaveInstanceState onSaveInstanceState()}.      
{@link android.os.Bundle},    
       -,     ,  {@link
android.os.Bundle#putString putString()}  {@link
android.os.Bundle#putInt putInt()}. ,    
       ,       
{@link android.os.Bundle}   : {@link android.app.Activity#onCreate onCreate()}  {@link
android.app.Activity#onRestoreInstanceState onRestoreInstanceState()}.     
     {@link android.os.Bundle}       
.    ,   {@link
android.os.Bundle}     (   ,  
   ).</p>

<img src="{@docRoot}images/fundamentals/restore_instance.png" alt="" />
<p class="img-caption"><strong> 2.</strong>        
  :       ,     
  ,         
.</p>

<p class="note"><strong>.</strong>   ,   {@link
android.app.Activity#onSaveInstanceState onSaveInstanceState()}    ,  
  ,   ,     
(,        <em></em>, 
 
 ).     {@link android.app.Activity#onSaveInstanceState
onSaveInstanceState()},       {@link
android.app.Activity#onStop onStop()} , ,    {@link android.app.Activity#onPause
onPause()}.</p>

<p>,           {@link
android.app.Activity#onSaveInstanceState onSaveInstanceState()},    
    {@link
android.app.Activity#onSaveInstanceState onSaveInstanceState()}  {@link android.app.Activity}.  , 
     {@link
android.view.View#onSaveInstanceState onSaveInstanceState()}    {@link
android.view.View}  ,          ,
  .      Android    
   ,             
 . ,  {@link android.widget.EditText}   ,
 ,   {@link android.widget.CheckBox}    , 
  .        (  <a href="{@docRoot}guide/topics/resources/layout-resource.html#idvalue">{@code android:id}</a>)
  ,    .     ,  
    .</p>

<div class="sidebox-wrapper">
<div class="sidebox">
<p>           .     
{@link android.R.attr#saveEnabled android:saveEnabled}  {@code "false"}   
{@link android.view.View#setSaveEnabled setSaveEnabled()}.       
,      ,         .</p>
</div>
</div>

<p>      {@link
android.app.Activity#onSaveInstanceState onSaveInstanceState()}       
   ,  -        .
,     ,        ( 
  ,    ,  ,     ,   
 ).</p>

<p>   {@link
android.app.Activity#onSaveInstanceState onSaveInstanceState()}       ,  
,           ,   -      
  
{@link android.app.Activity#onSaveInstanceState onSaveInstanceState()}.      {@link
android.app.Activity#onRestoreInstanceState onRestoreInstanceState()}      ,      
 .</p>

<p class="note"><strong>.</strong>    {@link android.app.Activity#onSaveInstanceState
onSaveInstanceState()}  ,
          (
 )&mdash;        .      {@link
android.app.Activity#onPause onPause()}     (, ,    
 ),    .</p>

<p>            
    .     
    ,    ,   
    .       ,   
        ,     
    .</p>


<h3 id="ConfigurationChanges">   </h3>

<p>       
(,  ,    ).    Android    
(    {@link android.app.Activity#onDestroy},       {@link
android.app.Activity#onCreate onCreate()}).   
        
 ,    (,   
     ).</p>

<p>              
  ,   ,        
     .</p>

<p>    
         {@link
android.app.Activity#onSaveInstanceState onSaveInstanceState()}  {@link
android.app.Activity#onRestoreInstanceState onRestoreInstanceState()} ( {@link
android.app.Activity#onCreate onCreate()}),     .</p>

<p>    ,    ,     
  <a href="{@docRoot}guide/topics/resources/runtime-changes.html">   
</a>.</p>



<h3 id="CoordinatingActivities"> </h3>

 <p>    ,             .  
   (    ,   -   ),   
 .  ,     ,       ,  ,
        ,      .
,         
.</p>

<p>      ,  ,          
,      .       ,  
  . </p>

<ol>
<li>  {@link android.app.Activity#onPause onPause()} .</li>

<li>   {@link android.app.Activity#onCreate onCreate()}, {@link
android.app.Activity#onStart onStart()}  {@link android.app.Activity#onResume onResume()}
. (    .)</li>

<li>,  A     ,    {@link
android.app.Activity#onStop onStop()}.</li>
</ol>

 <p>          
     . ,           ,
     ,       
    {@link android.app.Activity#onPause onPause()},       {@link
android.app.Activity#onStop onStop()}.</p>

<!--
<h2>Beginner's Path</h2>

<p>For more information about how Android maintains a history of activities and
enables user multitasking, continue with the <b><a
href="{@docRoot}guide/components/tasks-and-back-stack.html">Tasks and Back
Stack</a></b> document.</p>
-->