1 /* 2 * Copyright (c) 1994, 2011, Oracle and/or its affiliates. All rights reserved. 3 * DO NOT ALTER OR REMOVE COPYRIGHT NOTICES OR THIS FILE HEADER. 4 * 5 * This code is free software; you can redistribute it and/or modify it 6 * under the terms of the GNU General Public License version 2 only, as 7 * published by the Free Software Foundation. Oracle designates this 8 * particular file as subject to the "Classpath" exception as provided 9 * by Oracle in the LICENSE file that accompanied this code. 10 * 11 * This code is distributed in the hope that it will be useful, but WITHOUT 12 * ANY WARRANTY; without even the implied warranty of MERCHANTABILITY or 13 * FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE. See the GNU General Public License 14 * version 2 for more details (a copy is included in the LICENSE file that 15 * accompanied this code). 16 * 17 * You should have received a copy of the GNU General Public License version 18 * 2 along with this work; if not, write to the Free Software Foundation, 19 * Inc., 51 Franklin St, Fifth Floor, Boston, MA 02110-1301 USA. 20 * 21 * Please contact Oracle, 500 Oracle Parkway, Redwood Shores, CA 94065 USA 22 * or visit www.oracle.com if you need additional information or have any 23 * questions. 24 */ 25 26 package java.lang; 27 28 /** 29 * The class {@code Exception} and its subclasses are a form of 30 * {@code Throwable} that indicates conditions that a reasonable 31 * application might want to catch. 32 * 33 * <p>The class {@code Exception} and any subclasses that are not also 34 * subclasses of {@link RuntimeException} are <em>checked 35 * exceptions</em>. Checked exceptions need to be declared in a 36 * method or constructor's {@code throws} clause if they can be thrown 37 * by the execution of the method or constructor and propagate outside 38 * the method or constructor boundary. 39 * 40 * @author Frank Yellin 41 * @see java.lang.Error 42 * @jls 11.2 Compile-Time Checking of Exceptions 43 * @since JDK1.0 44 */ 45 public class Exception extends Throwable { 46 static final long serialVersionUID = -3387516993124229948L; 47 48 /** 49 * Constructs a new exception with {@code null} as its detail message. 50 * The cause is not initialized, and may subsequently be initialized by a 51 * call to {@link #initCause}. 52 */ 53 public Exception() { 54 super(); 55 } 56 57 /** 58 * Constructs a new exception with the specified detail message. The 59 * cause is not initialized, and may subsequently be initialized by 60 * a call to {@link #initCause}. 61 * 62 * @param message the detail message. The detail message is saved for 63 * later retrieval by the {@link #getMessage()} method. 64 */ 65 public Exception(String message) { 66 super(message); 67 } 68 69 /** 70 * Constructs a new exception with the specified detail message and 71 * cause. <p>Note that the detail message associated with 72 * {@code cause} is <i>not</i> automatically incorporated in 73 * this exception's detail message. 74 * 75 * @param message the detail message (which is saved for later retrieval 76 * by the {@link #getMessage()} method). 77 * @param cause the cause (which is saved for later retrieval by the 78 * {@link #getCause()} method). (A <tt>null</tt> value is 79 * permitted, and indicates that the cause is nonexistent or 80 * unknown.) 81 * @since 1.4 82 */ 83 public Exception(String message, Throwable cause) { 84 super(message, cause); 85 } 86 87 /** 88 * Constructs a new exception with the specified cause and a detail 89 * message of <tt>(cause==null ? null : cause.toString())</tt> (which 90 * typically contains the class and detail message of <tt>cause</tt>). 91 * This constructor is useful for exceptions that are little more than 92 * wrappers for other throwables (for example, {@link 93 * java.security.PrivilegedActionException}). 94 * 95 * @param cause the cause (which is saved for later retrieval by the 96 * {@link #getCause()} method). (A <tt>null</tt> value is 97 * permitted, and indicates that the cause is nonexistent or 98 * unknown.) 99 * @since 1.4 100 */ 101 public Exception(Throwable cause) { 102 super(cause); 103 } 104 105 /** 106 * Constructs a new exception with the specified detail message, 107 * cause, suppression enabled or disabled, and writable stack 108 * trace enabled or disabled. 109 * 110 * @param message the detail message. 111 * @param cause the cause. (A {@code null} value is permitted, 112 * and indicates that the cause is nonexistent or unknown.) 113 * @param enableSuppression whether or not suppression is enabled 114 * or disabled 115 * @param writableStackTrace whether or not the stack trace should 116 * be writable 117 * @since 1.7 118 */ 119 protected Exception(String message, Throwable cause, 120 boolean enableSuppression, 121 boolean writableStackTrace) { 122 super(message, cause, enableSuppression, writableStackTrace); 123 } 124 } 125
