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      1 /*
      2  * Copyright (C) 2011 The Android Open Source Project
      3  *
      4  * Licensed under the Apache License, Version 2.0 (the "License");
      5  * you may not use this file except in compliance with the License.
      6  * You may obtain a copy of the License at
      7  *
      8  *      http://www.apache.org/licenses/LICENSE-2.0
      9  *
     10  * Unless required by applicable law or agreed to in writing, software
     11  * distributed under the License is distributed on an "AS IS" BASIS,
     12  * WITHOUT WARRANTIES OR CONDITIONS OF ANY KIND, either express or implied.
     13  * See the License for the specific language governing permissions and
     14  * limitations under the License.
     15  */
     16 
     17 #define LOG_TAG "Posix"
     18 
     19 #include "AsynchronousCloseMonitor.h"
     20 #include "cutils/log.h"
     21 #include "ExecStrings.h"
     22 #include "JNIHelp.h"
     23 #include "JniConstants.h"
     24 #include "JniException.h"
     25 #include "NetworkUtilities.h"
     26 #include "Portability.h"
     27 #include "readlink.h"
     28 #include "ScopedBytes.h"
     29 #include "ScopedLocalRef.h"
     30 #include "ScopedPrimitiveArray.h"
     31 #include "ScopedUtfChars.h"
     32 #include "toStringArray.h"
     33 
     34 #include <arpa/inet.h>
     35 #include <errno.h>
     36 #include <fcntl.h>
     37 #include <linux/rtnetlink.h>
     38 #include <net/if.h>
     39 #include <netdb.h>
     40 #include <netinet/in.h>
     41 #include <netpacket/packet.h>
     42 #include <poll.h>
     43 #include <pwd.h>
     44 #include <signal.h>
     45 #include <stdlib.h>
     46 #include <sys/ioctl.h>
     47 #include <sys/mman.h>
     48 #include <sys/prctl.h>
     49 #include <sys/socket.h>
     50 #include <sys/stat.h>
     51 #include <sys/syscall.h>
     52 #include <sys/time.h>
     53 #include <sys/types.h>
     54 #include <sys/uio.h>
     55 #include <sys/un.h>
     56 #include <sys/utsname.h>
     57 #include <sys/wait.h>
     58 #include <sys/xattr.h>
     59 #include <termios.h>
     60 #include <unistd.h>
     61 #include <memory>
     62 
     63 #ifndef __unused
     64 #define __unused __attribute__((__unused__))
     65 #endif
     66 
     67 #define TO_JAVA_STRING(NAME, EXP) \
     68         jstring NAME = env->NewStringUTF(EXP); \
     69         if (NAME == NULL) return NULL;
     70 
     71 struct addrinfo_deleter {
     72     void operator()(addrinfo* p) const {
     73         if (p != NULL) { // bionic's freeaddrinfo(3) crashes when passed NULL.
     74             freeaddrinfo(p);
     75         }
     76     }
     77 };
     78 
     79 struct c_deleter {
     80     void operator()(void* p) const {
     81         free(p);
     82     }
     83 };
     84 
     85 static bool isIPv4MappedAddress(const sockaddr *sa) {
     86     const sockaddr_in6 *sin6 = reinterpret_cast<const sockaddr_in6*>(sa);
     87     return sa != NULL && sa->sa_family == AF_INET6 &&
     88            (IN6_IS_ADDR_V4MAPPED(&sin6->sin6_addr) ||
     89             IN6_IS_ADDR_UNSPECIFIED(&sin6->sin6_addr));  // We map 0.0.0.0 to ::, so :: is mapped.
     90 }
     91 
     92 /**
     93  * Perform a socket operation that specifies an IP address, possibly falling back from specifying
     94  * the address as an IPv4-mapped IPv6 address in a struct sockaddr_in6 to specifying it as an IPv4
     95  * address in a struct sockaddr_in.
     96  *
     97  * This is needed because all sockets created by the java.net APIs are IPv6 sockets, and on those
     98  * sockets, IPv4 operations use IPv4-mapped addresses stored in a struct sockaddr_in6. But sockets
     99  * created using Posix.socket(AF_INET, ...) are IPv4 sockets and only support operations using IPv4
    100  * socket addresses structures.
    101  */
    102 #define NET_IPV4_FALLBACK(jni_env, return_type, syscall_name, java_fd, java_addr, port, null_addr_ok, args...) ({ \
    103     return_type _rc = -1; \
    104     do { \
    105         sockaddr_storage _ss; \
    106         socklen_t _salen; \
    107         if (java_addr == NULL && null_addr_ok) { \
    108             /* No IP address specified (e.g., sendto() on a connected socket). */ \
    109             _salen = 0; \
    110         } else if (!inetAddressToSockaddr(jni_env, java_addr, port, _ss, _salen)) { \
    111             /* Invalid socket address, return -1. inetAddressToSockaddr has already thrown. */ \
    112             break; \
    113         } \
    114         sockaddr* _sa = _salen ? reinterpret_cast<sockaddr*>(&_ss) : NULL; \
    115         /* inetAddressToSockaddr always returns an IPv6 sockaddr. Assume that java_fd was created \
    116          * by Java API calls, which always create IPv6 socket fds, and pass it in as is. */ \
    117         _rc = NET_FAILURE_RETRY(jni_env, return_type, syscall_name, java_fd, ##args, _sa, _salen); \
    118         if (_rc == -1 && errno == EAFNOSUPPORT && _salen && isIPv4MappedAddress(_sa)) { \
    119             /* We passed in an IPv4 address in an IPv6 sockaddr and the kernel told us that we got \
    120              * the address family wrong. Pass in the same address in an IPv4 sockaddr. */ \
    121             jni_env->ExceptionClear(); \
    122             if (!inetAddressToSockaddrVerbatim(jni_env, java_addr, port, _ss, _salen)) { \
    123                 break; \
    124             } \
    125             _sa = reinterpret_cast<sockaddr*>(&_ss); \
    126             _rc = NET_FAILURE_RETRY(jni_env, return_type, syscall_name, java_fd, ##args, _sa, _salen); \
    127         } \
    128     } while (0); \
    129     _rc; }) \
    130 
    131 /**
    132  * Used to retry networking system calls that can be interrupted with a signal. Unlike
    133  * TEMP_FAILURE_RETRY, this also handles the case where
    134  * AsynchronousCloseMonitor::signalBlockedThreads(fd) is used to signal a close() or
    135  * Thread.interrupt(). Other signals that result in an EINTR result are ignored and the system call
    136  * is retried.
    137  *
    138  * Returns the result of the system call though a Java exception will be pending if the result is
    139  * -1:  a SocketException if signaled via AsynchronousCloseMonitor, or ErrnoException for other
    140  * failures.
    141  */
    142 #define NET_FAILURE_RETRY(jni_env, return_type, syscall_name, java_fd, ...) ({ \
    143     return_type _rc = -1; \
    144     int _syscallErrno; \
    145     do { \
    146         bool _wasSignaled; \
    147         { \
    148             int _fd = jniGetFDFromFileDescriptor(jni_env, java_fd); \
    149             AsynchronousCloseMonitor _monitor(_fd); \
    150             _rc = syscall_name(_fd, __VA_ARGS__); \
    151             _syscallErrno = errno; \
    152             _wasSignaled = _monitor.wasSignaled(); \
    153         } \
    154         if (_wasSignaled) { \
    155             jniThrowException(jni_env, "java/net/SocketException", "Socket closed"); \
    156             _rc = -1; \
    157             break; \
    158         } \
    159         if (_rc == -1 && _syscallErrno != EINTR) { \
    160             /* TODO: with a format string we could show the arguments too, like strace(1). */ \
    161             throwErrnoException(jni_env, # syscall_name); \
    162             break; \
    163         } \
    164     } while (_rc == -1); /* _syscallErrno == EINTR && !_wasSignaled */ \
    165     if (_rc == -1) { \
    166         /* If the syscall failed, re-set errno: throwing an exception might have modified it. */ \
    167         errno = _syscallErrno; \
    168     } \
    169     _rc; })
    170 
    171 /**
    172  * Used to retry system calls that can be interrupted with a signal. Unlike TEMP_FAILURE_RETRY, this
    173  * also handles the case where AsynchronousCloseMonitor::signalBlockedThreads(fd) is used to signal
    174  * a close() or Thread.interrupt(). Other signals that result in an EINTR result are ignored and the
    175  * system call is retried.
    176  *
    177  * Returns the result of the system call though a Java exception will be pending if the result is
    178  * -1: an IOException if the file descriptor is already closed, a InterruptedIOException if signaled
    179  * via AsynchronousCloseMonitor, or ErrnoException for other failures.
    180  */
    181 #define IO_FAILURE_RETRY(jni_env, return_type, syscall_name, java_fd, ...) ({ \
    182     return_type _rc = -1; \
    183     int _syscallErrno; \
    184     do { \
    185         bool _wasSignaled; \
    186         { \
    187             int _fd = jniGetFDFromFileDescriptor(jni_env, java_fd); \
    188             AsynchronousCloseMonitor _monitor(_fd); \
    189             _rc = syscall_name(_fd, __VA_ARGS__); \
    190             _syscallErrno = errno; \
    191             _wasSignaled = _monitor.wasSignaled(); \
    192         } \
    193         if (_wasSignaled) { \
    194             jniThrowException(jni_env, "java/io/InterruptedIOException", # syscall_name " interrupted"); \
    195             _rc = -1; \
    196             break; \
    197         } \
    198         if (_rc == -1 && _syscallErrno != EINTR) { \
    199             /* TODO: with a format string we could show the arguments too, like strace(1). */ \
    200             throwErrnoException(jni_env, # syscall_name); \
    201             break; \
    202         } \
    203     } while (_rc == -1); /* && _syscallErrno == EINTR && !_wasSignaled */ \
    204     if (_rc == -1) { \
    205         /* If the syscall failed, re-set errno: throwing an exception might have modified it. */ \
    206         errno = _syscallErrno; \
    207     } \
    208     _rc; })
    209 
    210 #define NULL_ADDR_OK         true
    211 #define NULL_ADDR_FORBIDDEN  false
    212 
    213 static void throwException(JNIEnv* env, jclass exceptionClass, jmethodID ctor3, jmethodID ctor2,
    214         const char* functionName, int error) {
    215     jthrowable cause = NULL;
    216     if (env->ExceptionCheck()) {
    217         cause = env->ExceptionOccurred();
    218         env->ExceptionClear();
    219     }
    220 
    221     ScopedLocalRef<jstring> detailMessage(env, env->NewStringUTF(functionName));
    222     if (detailMessage.get() == NULL) {
    223         // Not really much we can do here. We're probably dead in the water,
    224         // but let's try to stumble on...
    225         env->ExceptionClear();
    226     }
    227 
    228     jobject exception;
    229     if (cause != NULL) {
    230         exception = env->NewObject(exceptionClass, ctor3, detailMessage.get(), error, cause);
    231     } else {
    232         exception = env->NewObject(exceptionClass, ctor2, detailMessage.get(), error);
    233     }
    234     env->Throw(reinterpret_cast<jthrowable>(exception));
    235 }
    236 
    237 static void throwErrnoException(JNIEnv* env, const char* functionName) {
    238     int error = errno;
    239     static jmethodID ctor3 = env->GetMethodID(JniConstants::errnoExceptionClass,
    240             "<init>", "(Ljava/lang/String;ILjava/lang/Throwable;)V");
    241     static jmethodID ctor2 = env->GetMethodID(JniConstants::errnoExceptionClass,
    242             "<init>", "(Ljava/lang/String;I)V");
    243     throwException(env, JniConstants::errnoExceptionClass, ctor3, ctor2, functionName, error);
    244 }
    245 
    246 static void throwGaiException(JNIEnv* env, const char* functionName, int error) {
    247   // Cache the methods ids before we throw, so we don't call GetMethodID with a pending exception.
    248   static jmethodID ctor3 = env->GetMethodID(JniConstants::gaiExceptionClass, "<init>",
    249                                             "(Ljava/lang/String;ILjava/lang/Throwable;)V");
    250   static jmethodID ctor2 = env->GetMethodID(JniConstants::gaiExceptionClass, "<init>",
    251                                             "(Ljava/lang/String;I)V");
    252   if (errno != 0) {
    253         // EAI_SYSTEM should mean "look at errno instead", but both glibc and bionic seem to
    254         // mess this up. In particular, if you don't have INTERNET permission, errno will be EACCES
    255         // but you'll get EAI_NONAME or EAI_NODATA. So we want our GaiException to have a
    256         // potentially-relevant ErrnoException as its cause even if error != EAI_SYSTEM.
    257         // http://code.google.com/p/android/issues/detail?id=15722
    258         throwErrnoException(env, functionName);
    259         // Deliberately fall through to throw another exception...
    260     }
    261     throwException(env, JniConstants::gaiExceptionClass, ctor3, ctor2, functionName, error);
    262 }
    263 
    264 template <typename rc_t>
    265 static rc_t throwIfMinusOne(JNIEnv* env, const char* name, rc_t rc) {
    266     if (rc == rc_t(-1)) {
    267         throwErrnoException(env, name);
    268     }
    269     return rc;
    270 }
    271 
    272 template <typename ScopedT>
    273 class IoVec {
    274 public:
    275     IoVec(JNIEnv* env, size_t bufferCount) : mEnv(env), mBufferCount(bufferCount) {
    276     }
    277 
    278     bool init(jobjectArray javaBuffers, jintArray javaOffsets, jintArray javaByteCounts) {
    279         // We can't delete our local references until after the I/O, so make sure we have room.
    280         if (mEnv->PushLocalFrame(mBufferCount + 16) < 0) {
    281             return false;
    282         }
    283         ScopedIntArrayRO offsets(mEnv, javaOffsets);
    284         if (offsets.get() == NULL) {
    285             return false;
    286         }
    287         ScopedIntArrayRO byteCounts(mEnv, javaByteCounts);
    288         if (byteCounts.get() == NULL) {
    289             return false;
    290         }
    291         // TODO: Linux actually has a 1024 buffer limit. glibc works around this, and we should too.
    292         // TODO: you can query the limit at runtime with sysconf(_SC_IOV_MAX).
    293         for (size_t i = 0; i < mBufferCount; ++i) {
    294             jobject buffer = mEnv->GetObjectArrayElement(javaBuffers, i); // We keep this local ref.
    295             mScopedBuffers.push_back(new ScopedT(mEnv, buffer));
    296             jbyte* ptr = const_cast<jbyte*>(mScopedBuffers.back()->get());
    297             if (ptr == NULL) {
    298                 return false;
    299             }
    300             struct iovec iov;
    301             iov.iov_base = reinterpret_cast<void*>(ptr + offsets[i]);
    302             iov.iov_len = byteCounts[i];
    303             mIoVec.push_back(iov);
    304         }
    305         return true;
    306     }
    307 
    308     ~IoVec() {
    309         for (size_t i = 0; i < mScopedBuffers.size(); ++i) {
    310             delete mScopedBuffers[i];
    311         }
    312         mEnv->PopLocalFrame(NULL);
    313     }
    314 
    315     iovec* get() {
    316         return &mIoVec[0];
    317     }
    318 
    319     size_t size() {
    320         return mBufferCount;
    321     }
    322 
    323 private:
    324     JNIEnv* mEnv;
    325     size_t mBufferCount;
    326     std::vector<iovec> mIoVec;
    327     std::vector<ScopedT*> mScopedBuffers;
    328 };
    329 
    330 /**
    331  * Returns a jbyteArray containing the sockaddr_un.sun_path from ss. As per unix(7) sa_len should be
    332  * the length of ss as returned by getsockname(2), getpeername(2), or accept(2).
    333  * If the returned array is of length 0 the sockaddr_un refers to an unnamed socket.
    334  * A null pointer is returned in the event of an error. See unix(7) for more information.
    335  */
    336 static jbyteArray getUnixSocketPath(JNIEnv* env, const sockaddr_storage& ss,
    337         const socklen_t& sa_len) {
    338     if (ss.ss_family != AF_UNIX) {
    339         jniThrowExceptionFmt(env, "java/lang/IllegalArgumentException",
    340                 "getUnixSocketPath unsupported ss_family: %i", ss.ss_family);
    341         return NULL;
    342     }
    343 
    344     const struct sockaddr_un* un_addr = reinterpret_cast<const struct sockaddr_un*>(&ss);
    345     // The length of sun_path is sa_len minus the length of the overhead (ss_family).
    346     // See unix(7) for details. This calculation must match that of socket_make_sockaddr_un() in
    347     // socket_local_client.c and javaUnixSocketAddressToSockaddr() to interoperate.
    348     size_t pathLength = sa_len - offsetof(struct sockaddr_un, sun_path);
    349 
    350     jbyteArray javaSunPath = env->NewByteArray(pathLength);
    351     if (javaSunPath == NULL) {
    352         return NULL;
    353     }
    354 
    355     if (pathLength > 0) {
    356         env->SetByteArrayRegion(javaSunPath, 0, pathLength,
    357                 reinterpret_cast<const jbyte*>(&un_addr->sun_path));
    358     }
    359     return javaSunPath;
    360 }
    361 
    362 static jobject makeSocketAddress(JNIEnv* env, const sockaddr_storage& ss, const socklen_t sa_len) {
    363     if (ss.ss_family == AF_INET || ss.ss_family == AF_INET6) {
    364         jint port;
    365         jobject inetAddress = sockaddrToInetAddress(env, ss, &port);
    366         if (inetAddress == NULL) {
    367             return NULL;  // Exception already thrown.
    368         }
    369         static jmethodID ctor = env->GetMethodID(JniConstants::inetSocketAddressClass,
    370                 "<init>", "(Ljava/net/InetAddress;I)V");
    371         return env->NewObject(JniConstants::inetSocketAddressClass, ctor, inetAddress, port);
    372     } else if (ss.ss_family == AF_UNIX) {
    373         static jmethodID ctor = env->GetMethodID(JniConstants::unixSocketAddressClass,
    374                 "<init>", "([B)V");
    375 
    376         jbyteArray javaSunPath = getUnixSocketPath(env, ss, sa_len);
    377         if (!javaSunPath) {
    378             return NULL;
    379         }
    380         return env->NewObject(JniConstants::unixSocketAddressClass, ctor, javaSunPath);
    381     } else if (ss.ss_family == AF_NETLINK) {
    382         const struct sockaddr_nl* nl_addr = reinterpret_cast<const struct sockaddr_nl*>(&ss);
    383         static jmethodID ctor = env->GetMethodID(JniConstants::netlinkSocketAddressClass,
    384                 "<init>", "(II)V");
    385         return env->NewObject(JniConstants::netlinkSocketAddressClass, ctor,
    386                 static_cast<jint>(nl_addr->nl_pid),
    387                 static_cast<jint>(nl_addr->nl_groups));
    388     } else if (ss.ss_family == AF_PACKET) {
    389         const struct sockaddr_ll* sll = reinterpret_cast<const struct sockaddr_ll*>(&ss);
    390         static jmethodID ctor = env->GetMethodID(JniConstants::packetSocketAddressClass,
    391                 "<init>", "(SISB[B)V");
    392         ScopedLocalRef<jbyteArray> byteArray(env, env->NewByteArray(sll->sll_halen));
    393         if (byteArray.get() == NULL) {
    394             return NULL;
    395         }
    396         env->SetByteArrayRegion(byteArray.get(), 0, sll->sll_halen,
    397                 reinterpret_cast<const jbyte*>(sll->sll_addr));
    398         jobject packetSocketAddress = env->NewObject(JniConstants::packetSocketAddressClass, ctor,
    399                 static_cast<jshort>(ntohs(sll->sll_protocol)),
    400                 static_cast<jint>(sll->sll_ifindex),
    401                 static_cast<jshort>(sll->sll_hatype),
    402                 static_cast<jbyte>(sll->sll_pkttype),
    403                 byteArray.get());
    404         return packetSocketAddress;
    405     }
    406     jniThrowExceptionFmt(env, "java/lang/IllegalArgumentException", "unsupported ss_family: %d",
    407             ss.ss_family);
    408     return NULL;
    409 }
    410 
    411 static jobject makeStructPasswd(JNIEnv* env, const struct passwd& pw) {
    412     TO_JAVA_STRING(pw_name, pw.pw_name);
    413     TO_JAVA_STRING(pw_dir, pw.pw_dir);
    414     TO_JAVA_STRING(pw_shell, pw.pw_shell);
    415     static jmethodID ctor = env->GetMethodID(JniConstants::structPasswdClass, "<init>",
    416             "(Ljava/lang/String;IILjava/lang/String;Ljava/lang/String;)V");
    417     return env->NewObject(JniConstants::structPasswdClass, ctor,
    418             pw_name, static_cast<jint>(pw.pw_uid), static_cast<jint>(pw.pw_gid), pw_dir, pw_shell);
    419 }
    420 
    421 static jobject makeStructStat(JNIEnv* env, const struct stat& sb) {
    422     static jmethodID ctor = env->GetMethodID(JniConstants::structStatClass, "<init>",
    423             "(JJIJIIJJJJJJJ)V");
    424     return env->NewObject(JniConstants::structStatClass, ctor,
    425             static_cast<jlong>(sb.st_dev), static_cast<jlong>(sb.st_ino),
    426             static_cast<jint>(sb.st_mode), static_cast<jlong>(sb.st_nlink),
    427             static_cast<jint>(sb.st_uid), static_cast<jint>(sb.st_gid),
    428             static_cast<jlong>(sb.st_rdev), static_cast<jlong>(sb.st_size),
    429             static_cast<jlong>(sb.st_atime), static_cast<jlong>(sb.st_mtime),
    430             static_cast<jlong>(sb.st_ctime), static_cast<jlong>(sb.st_blksize),
    431             static_cast<jlong>(sb.st_blocks));
    432 }
    433 
    434 static jobject makeStructStatVfs(JNIEnv* env, const struct statvfs& sb) {
    435     static jmethodID ctor = env->GetMethodID(JniConstants::structStatVfsClass, "<init>",
    436             "(JJJJJJJJJJJ)V");
    437     return env->NewObject(JniConstants::structStatVfsClass, ctor,
    438                           static_cast<jlong>(sb.f_bsize),
    439                           static_cast<jlong>(sb.f_frsize),
    440                           static_cast<jlong>(sb.f_blocks),
    441                           static_cast<jlong>(sb.f_bfree),
    442                           static_cast<jlong>(sb.f_bavail),
    443                           static_cast<jlong>(sb.f_files),
    444                           static_cast<jlong>(sb.f_ffree),
    445                           static_cast<jlong>(sb.f_favail),
    446                           static_cast<jlong>(sb.f_fsid),
    447                           static_cast<jlong>(sb.f_flag),
    448                           static_cast<jlong>(sb.f_namemax));
    449 }
    450 
    451 static jobject makeStructLinger(JNIEnv* env, const struct linger& l) {
    452     static jmethodID ctor = env->GetMethodID(JniConstants::structLingerClass, "<init>", "(II)V");
    453     return env->NewObject(JniConstants::structLingerClass, ctor, l.l_onoff, l.l_linger);
    454 }
    455 
    456 static jobject makeStructTimeval(JNIEnv* env, const struct timeval& tv) {
    457     static jmethodID ctor = env->GetMethodID(JniConstants::structTimevalClass, "<init>", "(JJ)V");
    458     return env->NewObject(JniConstants::structTimevalClass, ctor,
    459             static_cast<jlong>(tv.tv_sec), static_cast<jlong>(tv.tv_usec));
    460 }
    461 
    462 static jobject makeStructUcred(JNIEnv* env, const struct ucred& u __unused) {
    463   static jmethodID ctor = env->GetMethodID(JniConstants::structUcredClass, "<init>", "(III)V");
    464   return env->NewObject(JniConstants::structUcredClass, ctor, u.pid, u.uid, u.gid);
    465 }
    466 
    467 static jobject makeStructUtsname(JNIEnv* env, const struct utsname& buf) {
    468     TO_JAVA_STRING(sysname, buf.sysname);
    469     TO_JAVA_STRING(nodename, buf.nodename);
    470     TO_JAVA_STRING(release, buf.release);
    471     TO_JAVA_STRING(version, buf.version);
    472     TO_JAVA_STRING(machine, buf.machine);
    473     static jmethodID ctor = env->GetMethodID(JniConstants::structUtsnameClass, "<init>",
    474             "(Ljava/lang/String;Ljava/lang/String;Ljava/lang/String;Ljava/lang/String;Ljava/lang/String;)V");
    475     return env->NewObject(JniConstants::structUtsnameClass, ctor,
    476             sysname, nodename, release, version, machine);
    477 };
    478 
    479 static bool fillIfreq(JNIEnv* env, jstring javaInterfaceName, struct ifreq& req) {
    480     ScopedUtfChars interfaceName(env, javaInterfaceName);
    481     if (interfaceName.c_str() == NULL) {
    482         return false;
    483     }
    484     memset(&req, 0, sizeof(req));
    485     strncpy(req.ifr_name, interfaceName.c_str(), sizeof(req.ifr_name));
    486     req.ifr_name[sizeof(req.ifr_name) - 1] = '\0';
    487     return true;
    488 }
    489 
    490 static bool fillUnixSocketAddress(JNIEnv* env, jobject javaUnixSocketAddress,
    491         const sockaddr_storage& ss, const socklen_t& sa_len) {
    492     if (javaUnixSocketAddress == NULL) {
    493         return true;
    494     }
    495     jbyteArray javaSunPath = getUnixSocketPath(env, ss, sa_len);
    496     if (!javaSunPath) {
    497         return false;
    498     }
    499 
    500     static jfieldID sunPathFid =
    501             env->GetFieldID(JniConstants::unixSocketAddressClass, "sun_path", "[B");
    502     env->SetObjectField(javaUnixSocketAddress, sunPathFid, javaSunPath);
    503     return true;
    504 }
    505 
    506 static bool fillInetSocketAddress(JNIEnv* env, jobject javaInetSocketAddress,
    507         const sockaddr_storage& ss) {
    508     if (javaInetSocketAddress == NULL) {
    509         return true;
    510     }
    511     // Fill out the passed-in InetSocketAddress with the sender's IP address and port number.
    512     jint port;
    513     jobject sender = sockaddrToInetAddress(env, ss, &port);
    514     if (sender == NULL) {
    515         return false;
    516     }
    517     static jfieldID holderFid = env->GetFieldID(JniConstants::inetSocketAddressClass, "holder",
    518                                                 "Ljava/net/InetSocketAddress$InetSocketAddressHolder;");
    519     jobject holder = env->GetObjectField(javaInetSocketAddress, holderFid);
    520 
    521     static jfieldID addressFid = env->GetFieldID(JniConstants::inetSocketAddressHolderClass,
    522                                                  "addr", "Ljava/net/InetAddress;");
    523     static jfieldID portFid = env->GetFieldID(JniConstants::inetSocketAddressHolderClass, "port", "I");
    524     env->SetObjectField(holder, addressFid, sender);
    525     env->SetIntField(holder, portFid, port);
    526     return true;
    527 }
    528 
    529 static bool fillSocketAddress(JNIEnv* env, jobject javaSocketAddress, const sockaddr_storage& ss,
    530         const socklen_t& sa_len) {
    531     if (javaSocketAddress == NULL) {
    532         return true;
    533     }
    534 
    535     if (env->IsInstanceOf(javaSocketAddress, JniConstants::inetSocketAddressClass)) {
    536         return fillInetSocketAddress(env, javaSocketAddress, ss);
    537     } else if (env->IsInstanceOf(javaSocketAddress, JniConstants::unixSocketAddressClass)) {
    538         return fillUnixSocketAddress(env, javaSocketAddress, ss, sa_len);
    539     }
    540     jniThrowException(env, "java/lang/UnsupportedOperationException",
    541             "unsupported SocketAddress subclass");
    542     return false;
    543 
    544 }
    545 
    546 static void javaInetSocketAddressToInetAddressAndPort(
    547         JNIEnv* env, jobject javaInetSocketAddress, jobject& javaInetAddress, jint& port) {
    548     static jfieldID holderFid = env->GetFieldID(JniConstants::inetSocketAddressClass, "holder",
    549                                                 "Ljava/net/InetSocketAddress$InetSocketAddressHolder;");
    550     jobject holder = env->GetObjectField(javaInetSocketAddress, holderFid);
    551 
    552     static jfieldID addressFid = env->GetFieldID(
    553             JniConstants::inetSocketAddressHolderClass, "addr", "Ljava/net/InetAddress;");
    554     static jfieldID portFid = env->GetFieldID(JniConstants::inetSocketAddressHolderClass, "port", "I");
    555 
    556     javaInetAddress = env->GetObjectField(holder, addressFid);
    557     port = env->GetIntField(holder, portFid);
    558 }
    559 
    560 static bool javaInetSocketAddressToSockaddr(
    561         JNIEnv* env, jobject javaSocketAddress, sockaddr_storage& ss, socklen_t& sa_len) {
    562     jobject javaInetAddress;
    563     jint port;
    564     javaInetSocketAddressToInetAddressAndPort(env, javaSocketAddress, javaInetAddress, port);
    565     return inetAddressToSockaddr(env, javaInetAddress, port, ss, sa_len);
    566 }
    567 
    568 static bool javaNetlinkSocketAddressToSockaddr(
    569         JNIEnv* env, jobject javaSocketAddress, sockaddr_storage& ss, socklen_t& sa_len) {
    570     static jfieldID nlPidFid = env->GetFieldID(
    571             JniConstants::netlinkSocketAddressClass, "nlPortId", "I");
    572     static jfieldID nlGroupsFid = env->GetFieldID(
    573             JniConstants::netlinkSocketAddressClass, "nlGroupsMask", "I");
    574 
    575     sockaddr_nl *nlAddr = reinterpret_cast<sockaddr_nl *>(&ss);
    576     nlAddr->nl_family = AF_NETLINK;
    577     nlAddr->nl_pid = env->GetIntField(javaSocketAddress, nlPidFid);
    578     nlAddr->nl_groups = env->GetIntField(javaSocketAddress, nlGroupsFid);
    579     sa_len = sizeof(sockaddr_nl);
    580     return true;
    581 }
    582 
    583 static bool javaUnixSocketAddressToSockaddr(
    584         JNIEnv* env, jobject javaUnixSocketAddress, sockaddr_storage& ss, socklen_t& sa_len) {
    585     static jfieldID sunPathFid = env->GetFieldID(
    586             JniConstants::unixSocketAddressClass, "sun_path", "[B");
    587 
    588     struct sockaddr_un* un_addr = reinterpret_cast<struct sockaddr_un*>(&ss);
    589     memset (un_addr, 0, sizeof(sockaddr_un));
    590     un_addr->sun_family = AF_UNIX;
    591 
    592     jbyteArray javaSunPath = (jbyteArray) env->GetObjectField(javaUnixSocketAddress, sunPathFid);
    593     jsize pathLength = env->GetArrayLength(javaSunPath);
    594     if ((size_t) pathLength > sizeof(sockaddr_un::sun_path)) {
    595         jniThrowExceptionFmt(env, "java/lang/IllegalArgumentException",
    596                 "sun_path too long: max=%i, is=%i",
    597                 sizeof(sockaddr_un::sun_path), pathLength);
    598         return false;
    599     }
    600     env->GetByteArrayRegion(javaSunPath, 0, pathLength, (jbyte*) un_addr->sun_path);
    601     // sa_len is sun_path plus the length of the overhead (ss_family_t). See unix(7) for
    602     // details. This calculation must match that of socket_make_sockaddr_un() in
    603     // socket_local_client.c and getUnixSocketPath() to interoperate.
    604     sa_len = offsetof(struct sockaddr_un, sun_path) + pathLength;
    605     return true;
    606 }
    607 
    608 static bool javaPacketSocketAddressToSockaddr(
    609         JNIEnv* env, jobject javaSocketAddress, sockaddr_storage& ss, socklen_t& sa_len) {
    610     static jfieldID protocolFid = env->GetFieldID(
    611             JniConstants::packetSocketAddressClass, "sll_protocol", "S");
    612     static jfieldID ifindexFid = env->GetFieldID(
    613             JniConstants::packetSocketAddressClass, "sll_ifindex", "I");
    614     static jfieldID hatypeFid = env->GetFieldID(
    615             JniConstants::packetSocketAddressClass, "sll_hatype", "S");
    616     static jfieldID pkttypeFid = env->GetFieldID(
    617             JniConstants::packetSocketAddressClass, "sll_pkttype", "B");
    618     static jfieldID addrFid = env->GetFieldID(
    619             JniConstants::packetSocketAddressClass, "sll_addr", "[B");
    620 
    621     sockaddr_ll *sll = reinterpret_cast<sockaddr_ll *>(&ss);
    622     sll->sll_family = AF_PACKET;
    623     sll->sll_protocol = htons(env->GetShortField(javaSocketAddress, protocolFid));
    624     sll->sll_ifindex = env->GetIntField(javaSocketAddress, ifindexFid);
    625     sll->sll_hatype = env->GetShortField(javaSocketAddress, hatypeFid);
    626     sll->sll_pkttype = env->GetByteField(javaSocketAddress, pkttypeFid);
    627 
    628     jbyteArray sllAddr = (jbyteArray) env->GetObjectField(javaSocketAddress, addrFid);
    629     if (sllAddr == NULL) {
    630         sll->sll_halen = 0;
    631         memset(&sll->sll_addr, 0, sizeof(sll->sll_addr));
    632     } else {
    633         jsize len = env->GetArrayLength(sllAddr);
    634         if ((size_t) len > sizeof(sll->sll_addr)) {
    635             len = sizeof(sll->sll_addr);
    636         }
    637         sll->sll_halen = len;
    638         env->GetByteArrayRegion(sllAddr, 0, len, (jbyte*) sll->sll_addr);
    639     }
    640     sa_len = sizeof(sockaddr_ll);
    641     return true;
    642 }
    643 
    644 static bool javaSocketAddressToSockaddr(
    645         JNIEnv* env, jobject javaSocketAddress, sockaddr_storage& ss, socklen_t& sa_len) {
    646     if (javaSocketAddress == NULL) {
    647         jniThrowNullPointerException(env, NULL);
    648         return false;
    649     }
    650 
    651     if (env->IsInstanceOf(javaSocketAddress, JniConstants::netlinkSocketAddressClass)) {
    652         return javaNetlinkSocketAddressToSockaddr(env, javaSocketAddress, ss, sa_len);
    653     } else if (env->IsInstanceOf(javaSocketAddress, JniConstants::inetSocketAddressClass)) {
    654         return javaInetSocketAddressToSockaddr(env, javaSocketAddress, ss, sa_len);
    655     } else if (env->IsInstanceOf(javaSocketAddress, JniConstants::packetSocketAddressClass)) {
    656         return javaPacketSocketAddressToSockaddr(env, javaSocketAddress, ss, sa_len);
    657     } else if (env->IsInstanceOf(javaSocketAddress, JniConstants::unixSocketAddressClass)) {
    658         return javaUnixSocketAddressToSockaddr(env, javaSocketAddress, ss, sa_len);
    659     }
    660     jniThrowException(env, "java/lang/UnsupportedOperationException",
    661             "unsupported SocketAddress subclass");
    662     return false;
    663 }
    664 
    665 static jobject doStat(JNIEnv* env, jstring javaPath, bool isLstat) {
    666     ScopedUtfChars path(env, javaPath);
    667     if (path.c_str() == NULL) {
    668         return NULL;
    669     }
    670     struct stat sb;
    671     int rc = isLstat ? TEMP_FAILURE_RETRY(lstat(path.c_str(), &sb))
    672                      : TEMP_FAILURE_RETRY(stat(path.c_str(), &sb));
    673     if (rc == -1) {
    674         throwErrnoException(env, isLstat ? "lstat" : "stat");
    675         return NULL;
    676     }
    677     return makeStructStat(env, sb);
    678 }
    679 
    680 static jobject doGetSockName(JNIEnv* env, jobject javaFd, bool is_sockname) {
    681   int fd = jniGetFDFromFileDescriptor(env, javaFd);
    682   sockaddr_storage ss;
    683   sockaddr* sa = reinterpret_cast<sockaddr*>(&ss);
    684   socklen_t byteCount = sizeof(ss);
    685   memset(&ss, 0, byteCount);
    686   int rc = is_sockname ? TEMP_FAILURE_RETRY(getsockname(fd, sa, &byteCount))
    687       : TEMP_FAILURE_RETRY(getpeername(fd, sa, &byteCount));
    688   if (rc == -1) {
    689     throwErrnoException(env, is_sockname ? "getsockname" : "getpeername");
    690     return NULL;
    691   }
    692   return makeSocketAddress(env, ss, byteCount);
    693 }
    694 
    695 class Passwd {
    696 public:
    697     Passwd(JNIEnv* env) : mEnv(env), mResult(NULL) {
    698         mBufferSize = sysconf(_SC_GETPW_R_SIZE_MAX);
    699         mBuffer.reset(new char[mBufferSize]);
    700     }
    701 
    702     jobject getpwnam(const char* name) {
    703         return process("getpwnam_r", getpwnam_r(name, &mPwd, mBuffer.get(), mBufferSize, &mResult));
    704     }
    705 
    706     jobject getpwuid(uid_t uid) {
    707         return process("getpwuid_r", getpwuid_r(uid, &mPwd, mBuffer.get(), mBufferSize, &mResult));
    708     }
    709 
    710     struct passwd* get() {
    711         return mResult;
    712     }
    713 
    714 private:
    715     jobject process(const char* syscall, int error) {
    716         if (mResult == NULL) {
    717             errno = error;
    718             throwErrnoException(mEnv, syscall);
    719             return NULL;
    720         }
    721         return makeStructPasswd(mEnv, *mResult);
    722     }
    723 
    724     JNIEnv* mEnv;
    725     std::unique_ptr<char[]> mBuffer;
    726     size_t mBufferSize;
    727     struct passwd mPwd;
    728     struct passwd* mResult;
    729 };
    730 
    731 static jobject Posix_accept(JNIEnv* env, jobject, jobject javaFd, jobject javaSocketAddress) {
    732     sockaddr_storage ss;
    733     socklen_t sl = sizeof(ss);
    734     memset(&ss, 0, sizeof(ss));
    735     sockaddr* peer = (javaSocketAddress != NULL) ? reinterpret_cast<sockaddr*>(&ss) : NULL;
    736     socklen_t* peerLength = (javaSocketAddress != NULL) ? &sl : 0;
    737     jint clientFd = NET_FAILURE_RETRY(env, int, accept, javaFd, peer, peerLength);
    738     if (clientFd == -1 || !fillSocketAddress(env, javaSocketAddress, ss, *peerLength)) {
    739         close(clientFd);
    740         return NULL;
    741     }
    742     return (clientFd != -1) ? jniCreateFileDescriptor(env, clientFd) : NULL;
    743 }
    744 
    745 static jboolean Posix_access(JNIEnv* env, jobject, jstring javaPath, jint mode) {
    746     ScopedUtfChars path(env, javaPath);
    747     if (path.c_str() == NULL) {
    748         return JNI_FALSE;
    749     }
    750     int rc = TEMP_FAILURE_RETRY(access(path.c_str(), mode));
    751     if (rc == -1) {
    752         throwErrnoException(env, "access");
    753     }
    754     return (rc == 0);
    755 }
    756 
    757 static void Posix_bind(JNIEnv* env, jobject, jobject javaFd, jobject javaAddress, jint port) {
    758     // We don't need the return value because we'll already have thrown.
    759     (void) NET_IPV4_FALLBACK(env, int, bind, javaFd, javaAddress, port, NULL_ADDR_FORBIDDEN);
    760 }
    761 
    762 static void Posix_bindSocketAddress(
    763         JNIEnv* env, jobject, jobject javaFd, jobject javaSocketAddress) {
    764     sockaddr_storage ss;
    765     socklen_t sa_len;
    766     if (!javaSocketAddressToSockaddr(env, javaSocketAddress, ss, sa_len)) {
    767         return;  // Exception already thrown.
    768     }
    769 
    770     const sockaddr* sa = reinterpret_cast<const sockaddr*>(&ss);
    771     // We don't need the return value because we'll already have thrown.
    772     (void) NET_FAILURE_RETRY(env, int, bind, javaFd, sa, sa_len);
    773 }
    774 
    775 static void Posix_chmod(JNIEnv* env, jobject, jstring javaPath, jint mode) {
    776     ScopedUtfChars path(env, javaPath);
    777     if (path.c_str() == NULL) {
    778         return;
    779     }
    780     throwIfMinusOne(env, "chmod", TEMP_FAILURE_RETRY(chmod(path.c_str(), mode)));
    781 }
    782 
    783 static void Posix_chown(JNIEnv* env, jobject, jstring javaPath, jint uid, jint gid) {
    784     ScopedUtfChars path(env, javaPath);
    785     if (path.c_str() == NULL) {
    786         return;
    787     }
    788     throwIfMinusOne(env, "chown", TEMP_FAILURE_RETRY(chown(path.c_str(), uid, gid)));
    789 }
    790 
    791 static void Posix_close(JNIEnv* env, jobject, jobject javaFd) {
    792     // Get the FileDescriptor's 'fd' field and clear it.
    793     // We need to do this before we can throw an IOException (http://b/3222087).
    794     int fd = jniGetFDFromFileDescriptor(env, javaFd);
    795     jniSetFileDescriptorOfFD(env, javaFd, -1);
    796 
    797     // Even if close(2) fails with EINTR, the fd will have been closed.
    798     // Using TEMP_FAILURE_RETRY will either lead to EBADF or closing someone else's fd.
    799     // http://lkml.indiana.edu/hypermail/linux/kernel/0509.1/0877.html
    800     throwIfMinusOne(env, "close", close(fd));
    801 }
    802 
    803 static void Posix_connect(JNIEnv* env, jobject, jobject javaFd, jobject javaAddress, jint port) {
    804     (void) NET_IPV4_FALLBACK(env, int, connect, javaFd, javaAddress, port, NULL_ADDR_FORBIDDEN);
    805 }
    806 
    807 static void Posix_connectSocketAddress(
    808         JNIEnv* env, jobject, jobject javaFd, jobject javaSocketAddress) {
    809     sockaddr_storage ss;
    810     socklen_t sa_len;
    811     if (!javaSocketAddressToSockaddr(env, javaSocketAddress, ss, sa_len)) {
    812         return;  // Exception already thrown.
    813     }
    814 
    815     const sockaddr* sa = reinterpret_cast<const sockaddr*>(&ss);
    816     // We don't need the return value because we'll already have thrown.
    817     (void) NET_FAILURE_RETRY(env, int, connect, javaFd, sa, sa_len);
    818 }
    819 
    820 static jobject Posix_dup(JNIEnv* env, jobject, jobject javaOldFd) {
    821     int oldFd = jniGetFDFromFileDescriptor(env, javaOldFd);
    822     int newFd = throwIfMinusOne(env, "dup", TEMP_FAILURE_RETRY(dup(oldFd)));
    823     return (newFd != -1) ? jniCreateFileDescriptor(env, newFd) : NULL;
    824 }
    825 
    826 static jobject Posix_dup2(JNIEnv* env, jobject, jobject javaOldFd, jint newFd) {
    827     int oldFd = jniGetFDFromFileDescriptor(env, javaOldFd);
    828     int fd = throwIfMinusOne(env, "dup2", TEMP_FAILURE_RETRY(dup2(oldFd, newFd)));
    829     return (fd != -1) ? jniCreateFileDescriptor(env, fd) : NULL;
    830 }
    831 
    832 static jobjectArray Posix_environ(JNIEnv* env, jobject) {
    833     extern char** environ; // Standard, but not in any header file.
    834     return toStringArray(env, environ);
    835 }
    836 
    837 static void Posix_execve(JNIEnv* env, jobject, jstring javaFilename, jobjectArray javaArgv, jobjectArray javaEnvp) {
    838     ScopedUtfChars path(env, javaFilename);
    839     if (path.c_str() == NULL) {
    840         return;
    841     }
    842 
    843     ExecStrings argv(env, javaArgv);
    844     ExecStrings envp(env, javaEnvp);
    845     TEMP_FAILURE_RETRY(execve(path.c_str(), argv.get(), envp.get()));
    846 
    847     throwErrnoException(env, "execve");
    848 }
    849 
    850 static void Posix_execv(JNIEnv* env, jobject, jstring javaFilename, jobjectArray javaArgv) {
    851     ScopedUtfChars path(env, javaFilename);
    852     if (path.c_str() == NULL) {
    853         return;
    854     }
    855 
    856     ExecStrings argv(env, javaArgv);
    857     TEMP_FAILURE_RETRY(execv(path.c_str(), argv.get()));
    858 
    859     throwErrnoException(env, "execv");
    860 }
    861 
    862 static void Posix_fchmod(JNIEnv* env, jobject, jobject javaFd, jint mode) {
    863     int fd = jniGetFDFromFileDescriptor(env, javaFd);
    864     throwIfMinusOne(env, "fchmod", TEMP_FAILURE_RETRY(fchmod(fd, mode)));
    865 }
    866 
    867 static void Posix_fchown(JNIEnv* env, jobject, jobject javaFd, jint uid, jint gid) {
    868     int fd = jniGetFDFromFileDescriptor(env, javaFd);
    869     throwIfMinusOne(env, "fchown", TEMP_FAILURE_RETRY(fchown(fd, uid, gid)));
    870 }
    871 
    872 static jint Posix_fcntlFlock(JNIEnv* env, jobject, jobject javaFd, jint cmd, jobject javaFlock) {
    873     static jfieldID typeFid = env->GetFieldID(JniConstants::structFlockClass, "l_type", "S");
    874     static jfieldID whenceFid = env->GetFieldID(JniConstants::structFlockClass, "l_whence", "S");
    875     static jfieldID startFid = env->GetFieldID(JniConstants::structFlockClass, "l_start", "J");
    876     static jfieldID lenFid = env->GetFieldID(JniConstants::structFlockClass, "l_len", "J");
    877     static jfieldID pidFid = env->GetFieldID(JniConstants::structFlockClass, "l_pid", "I");
    878 
    879     struct flock64 lock;
    880     memset(&lock, 0, sizeof(lock));
    881     lock.l_type = env->GetShortField(javaFlock, typeFid);
    882     lock.l_whence = env->GetShortField(javaFlock, whenceFid);
    883     lock.l_start = env->GetLongField(javaFlock, startFid);
    884     lock.l_len = env->GetLongField(javaFlock, lenFid);
    885     lock.l_pid = env->GetIntField(javaFlock, pidFid);
    886 
    887     int rc = IO_FAILURE_RETRY(env, int, fcntl, javaFd, cmd, &lock);
    888     if (rc != -1) {
    889         env->SetShortField(javaFlock, typeFid, lock.l_type);
    890         env->SetShortField(javaFlock, whenceFid, lock.l_whence);
    891         env->SetLongField(javaFlock, startFid, lock.l_start);
    892         env->SetLongField(javaFlock, lenFid, lock.l_len);
    893         env->SetIntField(javaFlock, pidFid, lock.l_pid);
    894     }
    895     return rc;
    896 }
    897 
    898 static jint Posix_fcntlInt(JNIEnv* env, jobject, jobject javaFd, jint cmd, jint arg) {
    899     int fd = jniGetFDFromFileDescriptor(env, javaFd);
    900     return throwIfMinusOne(env, "fcntl", TEMP_FAILURE_RETRY(fcntl(fd, cmd, arg)));
    901 }
    902 
    903 static jint Posix_fcntlVoid(JNIEnv* env, jobject, jobject javaFd, jint cmd) {
    904     int fd = jniGetFDFromFileDescriptor(env, javaFd);
    905     return throwIfMinusOne(env, "fcntl", TEMP_FAILURE_RETRY(fcntl(fd, cmd)));
    906 }
    907 
    908 static void Posix_fdatasync(JNIEnv* env, jobject, jobject javaFd) {
    909     int fd = jniGetFDFromFileDescriptor(env, javaFd);
    910     throwIfMinusOne(env, "fdatasync", TEMP_FAILURE_RETRY(fdatasync(fd)));
    911 }
    912 
    913 static jobject Posix_fstat(JNIEnv* env, jobject, jobject javaFd) {
    914     int fd = jniGetFDFromFileDescriptor(env, javaFd);
    915     struct stat sb;
    916     int rc = TEMP_FAILURE_RETRY(fstat(fd, &sb));
    917     if (rc == -1) {
    918         throwErrnoException(env, "fstat");
    919         return NULL;
    920     }
    921     return makeStructStat(env, sb);
    922 }
    923 
    924 static jobject Posix_fstatvfs(JNIEnv* env, jobject, jobject javaFd) {
    925     int fd = jniGetFDFromFileDescriptor(env, javaFd);
    926     struct statvfs sb;
    927     int rc = TEMP_FAILURE_RETRY(fstatvfs(fd, &sb));
    928     if (rc == -1) {
    929         throwErrnoException(env, "fstatvfs");
    930         return NULL;
    931     }
    932     return makeStructStatVfs(env, sb);
    933 }
    934 
    935 static void Posix_fsync(JNIEnv* env, jobject, jobject javaFd) {
    936     int fd = jniGetFDFromFileDescriptor(env, javaFd);
    937     throwIfMinusOne(env, "fsync", TEMP_FAILURE_RETRY(fsync(fd)));
    938 }
    939 
    940 static void Posix_ftruncate(JNIEnv* env, jobject, jobject javaFd, jlong length) {
    941     int fd = jniGetFDFromFileDescriptor(env, javaFd);
    942     throwIfMinusOne(env, "ftruncate", TEMP_FAILURE_RETRY(ftruncate64(fd, length)));
    943 }
    944 
    945 static jstring Posix_gai_strerror(JNIEnv* env, jobject, jint error) {
    946     return env->NewStringUTF(gai_strerror(error));
    947 }
    948 
    949 static jobjectArray Posix_android_getaddrinfo(JNIEnv* env, jobject, jstring javaNode,
    950         jobject javaHints, jint netId) {
    951     ScopedUtfChars node(env, javaNode);
    952     if (node.c_str() == NULL) {
    953         return NULL;
    954     }
    955 
    956     static jfieldID flagsFid = env->GetFieldID(JniConstants::structAddrinfoClass, "ai_flags", "I");
    957     static jfieldID familyFid = env->GetFieldID(JniConstants::structAddrinfoClass, "ai_family", "I");
    958     static jfieldID socktypeFid = env->GetFieldID(JniConstants::structAddrinfoClass, "ai_socktype", "I");
    959     static jfieldID protocolFid = env->GetFieldID(JniConstants::structAddrinfoClass, "ai_protocol", "I");
    960 
    961     addrinfo hints;
    962     memset(&hints, 0, sizeof(hints));
    963     hints.ai_flags = env->GetIntField(javaHints, flagsFid);
    964     hints.ai_family = env->GetIntField(javaHints, familyFid);
    965     hints.ai_socktype = env->GetIntField(javaHints, socktypeFid);
    966     hints.ai_protocol = env->GetIntField(javaHints, protocolFid);
    967 
    968     addrinfo* addressList = NULL;
    969     errno = 0;
    970     int rc = android_getaddrinfofornet(node.c_str(), NULL, &hints, netId, 0, &addressList);
    971     std::unique_ptr<addrinfo, addrinfo_deleter> addressListDeleter(addressList);
    972     if (rc != 0) {
    973         throwGaiException(env, "android_getaddrinfo", rc);
    974         return NULL;
    975     }
    976 
    977     // Count results so we know how to size the output array.
    978     int addressCount = 0;
    979     for (addrinfo* ai = addressList; ai != NULL; ai = ai->ai_next) {
    980         if (ai->ai_family == AF_INET || ai->ai_family == AF_INET6) {
    981             ++addressCount;
    982         } else {
    983             ALOGE("android_getaddrinfo unexpected ai_family %i", ai->ai_family);
    984         }
    985     }
    986     if (addressCount == 0) {
    987         return NULL;
    988     }
    989 
    990     // Prepare output array.
    991     jobjectArray result = env->NewObjectArray(addressCount, JniConstants::inetAddressClass, NULL);
    992     if (result == NULL) {
    993         return NULL;
    994     }
    995 
    996     // Examine returned addresses one by one, save them in the output array.
    997     int index = 0;
    998     for (addrinfo* ai = addressList; ai != NULL; ai = ai->ai_next) {
    999         if (ai->ai_family != AF_INET && ai->ai_family != AF_INET6) {
   1000             // Unknown address family. Skip this address.
   1001             ALOGE("android_getaddrinfo unexpected ai_family %i", ai->ai_family);
   1002             continue;
   1003         }
   1004 
   1005         // Convert each IP address into a Java byte array.
   1006         sockaddr_storage& address = *reinterpret_cast<sockaddr_storage*>(ai->ai_addr);
   1007         ScopedLocalRef<jobject> inetAddress(env, sockaddrToInetAddress(env, address, NULL));
   1008         if (inetAddress.get() == NULL) {
   1009             return NULL;
   1010         }
   1011         env->SetObjectArrayElement(result, index, inetAddress.get());
   1012         ++index;
   1013     }
   1014     return result;
   1015 }
   1016 
   1017 static jint Posix_getegid(JNIEnv*, jobject) {
   1018     return getegid();
   1019 }
   1020 
   1021 static jint Posix_geteuid(JNIEnv*, jobject) {
   1022     return geteuid();
   1023 }
   1024 
   1025 static jint Posix_getgid(JNIEnv*, jobject) {
   1026     return getgid();
   1027 }
   1028 
   1029 static jstring Posix_getenv(JNIEnv* env, jobject, jstring javaName) {
   1030     ScopedUtfChars name(env, javaName);
   1031     if (name.c_str() == NULL) {
   1032         return NULL;
   1033     }
   1034     return env->NewStringUTF(getenv(name.c_str()));
   1035 }
   1036 
   1037 static jstring Posix_getnameinfo(JNIEnv* env, jobject, jobject javaAddress, jint flags) {
   1038     sockaddr_storage ss;
   1039     socklen_t sa_len;
   1040     if (!inetAddressToSockaddrVerbatim(env, javaAddress, 0, ss, sa_len)) {
   1041         return NULL;
   1042     }
   1043     char buf[NI_MAXHOST]; // NI_MAXHOST is longer than INET6_ADDRSTRLEN.
   1044     errno = 0;
   1045     int rc = getnameinfo(reinterpret_cast<sockaddr*>(&ss), sa_len, buf, sizeof(buf), NULL, 0, flags);
   1046     if (rc != 0) {
   1047         throwGaiException(env, "getnameinfo", rc);
   1048         return NULL;
   1049     }
   1050     return env->NewStringUTF(buf);
   1051 }
   1052 
   1053 static jobject Posix_getpeername(JNIEnv* env, jobject, jobject javaFd) {
   1054   return doGetSockName(env, javaFd, false);
   1055 }
   1056 
   1057 static jint Posix_getpgid(JNIEnv* env, jobject, jint pid) {
   1058     return throwIfMinusOne(env, "getpgid", TEMP_FAILURE_RETRY(getpgid(pid)));
   1059 }
   1060 
   1061 static jint Posix_getpid(JNIEnv*, jobject) {
   1062     return TEMP_FAILURE_RETRY(getpid());
   1063 }
   1064 
   1065 static jint Posix_getppid(JNIEnv*, jobject) {
   1066     return TEMP_FAILURE_RETRY(getppid());
   1067 }
   1068 
   1069 static jobject Posix_getpwnam(JNIEnv* env, jobject, jstring javaName) {
   1070     ScopedUtfChars name(env, javaName);
   1071     if (name.c_str() == NULL) {
   1072         return NULL;
   1073     }
   1074     return Passwd(env).getpwnam(name.c_str());
   1075 }
   1076 
   1077 static jobject Posix_getpwuid(JNIEnv* env, jobject, jint uid) {
   1078     return Passwd(env).getpwuid(uid);
   1079 }
   1080 
   1081 static jobject Posix_getsockname(JNIEnv* env, jobject, jobject javaFd) {
   1082   return doGetSockName(env, javaFd, true);
   1083 }
   1084 
   1085 static jint Posix_getsockoptByte(JNIEnv* env, jobject, jobject javaFd, jint level, jint option) {
   1086     int fd = jniGetFDFromFileDescriptor(env, javaFd);
   1087     u_char result = 0;
   1088     socklen_t size = sizeof(result);
   1089     throwIfMinusOne(env, "getsockopt", TEMP_FAILURE_RETRY(getsockopt(fd, level, option, &result, &size)));
   1090     return result;
   1091 }
   1092 
   1093 static jobject Posix_getsockoptInAddr(JNIEnv* env, jobject, jobject javaFd, jint level, jint option) {
   1094     int fd = jniGetFDFromFileDescriptor(env, javaFd);
   1095     sockaddr_storage ss;
   1096     memset(&ss, 0, sizeof(ss));
   1097     ss.ss_family = AF_INET; // This is only for the IPv4-only IP_MULTICAST_IF.
   1098     sockaddr_in* sa = reinterpret_cast<sockaddr_in*>(&ss);
   1099     socklen_t size = sizeof(sa->sin_addr);
   1100     int rc = TEMP_FAILURE_RETRY(getsockopt(fd, level, option, &sa->sin_addr, &size));
   1101     if (rc == -1) {
   1102         throwErrnoException(env, "getsockopt");
   1103         return NULL;
   1104     }
   1105     return sockaddrToInetAddress(env, ss, NULL);
   1106 }
   1107 
   1108 static jint Posix_getsockoptInt(JNIEnv* env, jobject, jobject javaFd, jint level, jint option) {
   1109     int fd = jniGetFDFromFileDescriptor(env, javaFd);
   1110     jint result = 0;
   1111     socklen_t size = sizeof(result);
   1112     throwIfMinusOne(env, "getsockopt", TEMP_FAILURE_RETRY(getsockopt(fd, level, option, &result, &size)));
   1113     return result;
   1114 }
   1115 
   1116 static jobject Posix_getsockoptLinger(JNIEnv* env, jobject, jobject javaFd, jint level, jint option) {
   1117     int fd = jniGetFDFromFileDescriptor(env, javaFd);
   1118     struct linger l;
   1119     socklen_t size = sizeof(l);
   1120     memset(&l, 0, size);
   1121     int rc = TEMP_FAILURE_RETRY(getsockopt(fd, level, option, &l, &size));
   1122     if (rc == -1) {
   1123         throwErrnoException(env, "getsockopt");
   1124         return NULL;
   1125     }
   1126     return makeStructLinger(env, l);
   1127 }
   1128 
   1129 static jobject Posix_getsockoptTimeval(JNIEnv* env, jobject, jobject javaFd, jint level, jint option) {
   1130     int fd = jniGetFDFromFileDescriptor(env, javaFd);
   1131     struct timeval tv;
   1132     socklen_t size = sizeof(tv);
   1133     memset(&tv, 0, size);
   1134     int rc = TEMP_FAILURE_RETRY(getsockopt(fd, level, option, &tv, &size));
   1135     if (rc == -1) {
   1136         throwErrnoException(env, "getsockopt");
   1137         return NULL;
   1138     }
   1139     return makeStructTimeval(env, tv);
   1140 }
   1141 
   1142 static jobject Posix_getsockoptUcred(JNIEnv* env, jobject, jobject javaFd, jint level, jint option) {
   1143   int fd = jniGetFDFromFileDescriptor(env, javaFd);
   1144   struct ucred u;
   1145   socklen_t size = sizeof(u);
   1146   memset(&u, 0, size);
   1147   int rc = TEMP_FAILURE_RETRY(getsockopt(fd, level, option, &u, &size));
   1148   if (rc == -1) {
   1149     throwErrnoException(env, "getsockopt");
   1150     return NULL;
   1151   }
   1152   return makeStructUcred(env, u);
   1153 }
   1154 
   1155 static jint Posix_gettid(JNIEnv* env __unused, jobject) {
   1156 #if defined(__BIONIC__)
   1157   return TEMP_FAILURE_RETRY(gettid());
   1158 #else
   1159   return syscall(__NR_gettid);
   1160 #endif
   1161 }
   1162 
   1163 static jint Posix_getuid(JNIEnv*, jobject) {
   1164     return getuid();
   1165 }
   1166 
   1167 static jint Posix_getxattr(JNIEnv* env, jobject, jstring javaPath,
   1168         jstring javaName, jbyteArray javaOutValue) {
   1169     ScopedUtfChars path(env, javaPath);
   1170     if (path.c_str() == NULL) {
   1171         return -1;
   1172     }
   1173     ScopedUtfChars name(env, javaName);
   1174     if (name.c_str() == NULL) {
   1175         return -1;
   1176     }
   1177     ScopedBytesRW outValue(env, javaOutValue);
   1178     if (outValue.get() == NULL) {
   1179         return -1;
   1180     }
   1181     size_t outValueLength = env->GetArrayLength(javaOutValue);
   1182     ssize_t size = getxattr(path.c_str(), name.c_str(), outValue.get(), outValueLength);
   1183     if (size < 0) {
   1184         throwErrnoException(env, "getxattr");
   1185     }
   1186     return size;
   1187 }
   1188 
   1189 static jstring Posix_if_indextoname(JNIEnv* env, jobject, jint index) {
   1190     char buf[IF_NAMESIZE];
   1191     char* name = if_indextoname(index, buf);
   1192     // if_indextoname(3) returns NULL on failure, which will come out of NewStringUTF unscathed.
   1193     // There's no useful information in errno, so we don't bother throwing. Callers can null-check.
   1194     return env->NewStringUTF(name);
   1195 }
   1196 
   1197 static jobject Posix_inet_pton(JNIEnv* env, jobject, jint family, jstring javaName) {
   1198     ScopedUtfChars name(env, javaName);
   1199     if (name.c_str() == NULL) {
   1200         return NULL;
   1201     }
   1202     sockaddr_storage ss;
   1203     memset(&ss, 0, sizeof(ss));
   1204     // sockaddr_in and sockaddr_in6 are at the same address, so we can use either here.
   1205     void* dst = &reinterpret_cast<sockaddr_in*>(&ss)->sin_addr;
   1206     if (inet_pton(family, name.c_str(), dst) != 1) {
   1207         return NULL;
   1208     }
   1209     ss.ss_family = family;
   1210     return sockaddrToInetAddress(env, ss, NULL);
   1211 }
   1212 
   1213 static jobject Posix_ioctlInetAddress(JNIEnv* env, jobject, jobject javaFd, jint cmd, jstring javaInterfaceName) {
   1214     struct ifreq req;
   1215     if (!fillIfreq(env, javaInterfaceName, req)) {
   1216         return NULL;
   1217     }
   1218     int fd = jniGetFDFromFileDescriptor(env, javaFd);
   1219     int rc = throwIfMinusOne(env, "ioctl", TEMP_FAILURE_RETRY(ioctl(fd, cmd, &req)));
   1220     if (rc == -1) {
   1221         return NULL;
   1222     }
   1223     return sockaddrToInetAddress(env, reinterpret_cast<sockaddr_storage&>(req.ifr_addr), NULL);
   1224 }
   1225 
   1226 static jint Posix_ioctlInt(JNIEnv* env, jobject, jobject javaFd, jint cmd, jobject javaArg) {
   1227     // This is complicated because ioctls may return their result by updating their argument
   1228     // or via their return value, so we need to support both.
   1229     int fd = jniGetFDFromFileDescriptor(env, javaFd);
   1230     static jfieldID valueFid = env->GetFieldID(JniConstants::mutableIntClass, "value", "I");
   1231     jint arg = env->GetIntField(javaArg, valueFid);
   1232     int rc = throwIfMinusOne(env, "ioctl", TEMP_FAILURE_RETRY(ioctl(fd, cmd, &arg)));
   1233     if (!env->ExceptionCheck()) {
   1234         env->SetIntField(javaArg, valueFid, arg);
   1235     }
   1236     return rc;
   1237 }
   1238 
   1239 static jboolean Posix_isatty(JNIEnv* env, jobject, jobject javaFd) {
   1240     int fd = jniGetFDFromFileDescriptor(env, javaFd);
   1241     return TEMP_FAILURE_RETRY(isatty(fd)) == 1;
   1242 }
   1243 
   1244 static void Posix_kill(JNIEnv* env, jobject, jint pid, jint sig) {
   1245     throwIfMinusOne(env, "kill", TEMP_FAILURE_RETRY(kill(pid, sig)));
   1246 }
   1247 
   1248 static void Posix_lchown(JNIEnv* env, jobject, jstring javaPath, jint uid, jint gid) {
   1249     ScopedUtfChars path(env, javaPath);
   1250     if (path.c_str() == NULL) {
   1251         return;
   1252     }
   1253     throwIfMinusOne(env, "lchown", TEMP_FAILURE_RETRY(lchown(path.c_str(), uid, gid)));
   1254 }
   1255 
   1256 static void Posix_link(JNIEnv* env, jobject, jstring javaOldPath, jstring javaNewPath) {
   1257     ScopedUtfChars oldPath(env, javaOldPath);
   1258     if (oldPath.c_str() == NULL) {
   1259         return;
   1260     }
   1261     ScopedUtfChars newPath(env, javaNewPath);
   1262     if (newPath.c_str() == NULL) {
   1263         return;
   1264     }
   1265     throwIfMinusOne(env, "link", TEMP_FAILURE_RETRY(link(oldPath.c_str(), newPath.c_str())));
   1266 }
   1267 
   1268 static void Posix_listen(JNIEnv* env, jobject, jobject javaFd, jint backlog) {
   1269     int fd = jniGetFDFromFileDescriptor(env, javaFd);
   1270     throwIfMinusOne(env, "listen", TEMP_FAILURE_RETRY(listen(fd, backlog)));
   1271 }
   1272 
   1273 static jlong Posix_lseek(JNIEnv* env, jobject, jobject javaFd, jlong offset, jint whence) {
   1274     int fd = jniGetFDFromFileDescriptor(env, javaFd);
   1275     return throwIfMinusOne(env, "lseek", TEMP_FAILURE_RETRY(lseek64(fd, offset, whence)));
   1276 }
   1277 
   1278 static jobject Posix_lstat(JNIEnv* env, jobject, jstring javaPath) {
   1279     return doStat(env, javaPath, true);
   1280 }
   1281 
   1282 static void Posix_mincore(JNIEnv* env, jobject, jlong address, jlong byteCount, jbyteArray javaVector) {
   1283     ScopedByteArrayRW vector(env, javaVector);
   1284     if (vector.get() == NULL) {
   1285         return;
   1286     }
   1287     void* ptr = reinterpret_cast<void*>(static_cast<uintptr_t>(address));
   1288     unsigned char* vec = reinterpret_cast<unsigned char*>(vector.get());
   1289     throwIfMinusOne(env, "mincore", TEMP_FAILURE_RETRY(mincore(ptr, byteCount, vec)));
   1290 }
   1291 
   1292 static void Posix_mkdir(JNIEnv* env, jobject, jstring javaPath, jint mode) {
   1293     ScopedUtfChars path(env, javaPath);
   1294     if (path.c_str() == NULL) {
   1295         return;
   1296     }
   1297     throwIfMinusOne(env, "mkdir", TEMP_FAILURE_RETRY(mkdir(path.c_str(), mode)));
   1298 }
   1299 
   1300 static void Posix_mkfifo(JNIEnv* env, jobject, jstring javaPath, jint mode) {
   1301     ScopedUtfChars path(env, javaPath);
   1302     if (path.c_str() == NULL) {
   1303         return;
   1304     }
   1305     throwIfMinusOne(env, "mkfifo", TEMP_FAILURE_RETRY(mkfifo(path.c_str(), mode)));
   1306 }
   1307 
   1308 static void Posix_mlock(JNIEnv* env, jobject, jlong address, jlong byteCount) {
   1309     void* ptr = reinterpret_cast<void*>(static_cast<uintptr_t>(address));
   1310     throwIfMinusOne(env, "mlock", TEMP_FAILURE_RETRY(mlock(ptr, byteCount)));
   1311 }
   1312 
   1313 static jlong Posix_mmap(JNIEnv* env, jobject, jlong address, jlong byteCount, jint prot, jint flags, jobject javaFd, jlong offset) {
   1314     int fd = jniGetFDFromFileDescriptor(env, javaFd);
   1315     void* suggestedPtr = reinterpret_cast<void*>(static_cast<uintptr_t>(address));
   1316     void* ptr = mmap(suggestedPtr, byteCount, prot, flags, fd, offset);
   1317     if (ptr == MAP_FAILED) {
   1318         throwErrnoException(env, "mmap");
   1319     }
   1320     return static_cast<jlong>(reinterpret_cast<uintptr_t>(ptr));
   1321 }
   1322 
   1323 static void Posix_msync(JNIEnv* env, jobject, jlong address, jlong byteCount, jint flags) {
   1324     void* ptr = reinterpret_cast<void*>(static_cast<uintptr_t>(address));
   1325     throwIfMinusOne(env, "msync", TEMP_FAILURE_RETRY(msync(ptr, byteCount, flags)));
   1326 }
   1327 
   1328 static void Posix_munlock(JNIEnv* env, jobject, jlong address, jlong byteCount) {
   1329     void* ptr = reinterpret_cast<void*>(static_cast<uintptr_t>(address));
   1330     throwIfMinusOne(env, "munlock", TEMP_FAILURE_RETRY(munlock(ptr, byteCount)));
   1331 }
   1332 
   1333 static void Posix_munmap(JNIEnv* env, jobject, jlong address, jlong byteCount) {
   1334     void* ptr = reinterpret_cast<void*>(static_cast<uintptr_t>(address));
   1335     throwIfMinusOne(env, "munmap", TEMP_FAILURE_RETRY(munmap(ptr, byteCount)));
   1336 }
   1337 
   1338 static jobject Posix_open(JNIEnv* env, jobject, jstring javaPath, jint flags, jint mode) {
   1339     ScopedUtfChars path(env, javaPath);
   1340     if (path.c_str() == NULL) {
   1341         return NULL;
   1342     }
   1343     int fd = throwIfMinusOne(env, "open", TEMP_FAILURE_RETRY(open(path.c_str(), flags, mode)));
   1344     return fd != -1 ? jniCreateFileDescriptor(env, fd) : NULL;
   1345 }
   1346 
   1347 static jobjectArray Posix_pipe2(JNIEnv* env, jobject, jint flags __unused) {
   1348     int fds[2];
   1349     throwIfMinusOne(env, "pipe2", TEMP_FAILURE_RETRY(pipe2(&fds[0], flags)));
   1350     jobjectArray result = env->NewObjectArray(2, JniConstants::fileDescriptorClass, NULL);
   1351     if (result == NULL) {
   1352         return NULL;
   1353     }
   1354     for (int i = 0; i < 2; ++i) {
   1355         ScopedLocalRef<jobject> fd(env, jniCreateFileDescriptor(env, fds[i]));
   1356         if (fd.get() == NULL) {
   1357             return NULL;
   1358         }
   1359         env->SetObjectArrayElement(result, i, fd.get());
   1360         if (env->ExceptionCheck()) {
   1361             return NULL;
   1362         }
   1363     }
   1364     return result;
   1365 }
   1366 
   1367 static jint Posix_poll(JNIEnv* env, jobject, jobjectArray javaStructs, jint timeoutMs) {
   1368     static jfieldID fdFid = env->GetFieldID(JniConstants::structPollfdClass, "fd", "Ljava/io/FileDescriptor;");
   1369     static jfieldID eventsFid = env->GetFieldID(JniConstants::structPollfdClass, "events", "S");
   1370     static jfieldID reventsFid = env->GetFieldID(JniConstants::structPollfdClass, "revents", "S");
   1371 
   1372     // Turn the Java android.system.StructPollfd[] into a C++ struct pollfd[].
   1373     size_t arrayLength = env->GetArrayLength(javaStructs);
   1374     std::unique_ptr<struct pollfd[]> fds(new struct pollfd[arrayLength]);
   1375     memset(fds.get(), 0, sizeof(struct pollfd) * arrayLength);
   1376     size_t count = 0; // Some trailing array elements may be irrelevant. (See below.)
   1377     for (size_t i = 0; i < arrayLength; ++i) {
   1378         ScopedLocalRef<jobject> javaStruct(env, env->GetObjectArrayElement(javaStructs, i));
   1379         if (javaStruct.get() == NULL) {
   1380             break; // We allow trailing nulls in the array for caller convenience.
   1381         }
   1382         ScopedLocalRef<jobject> javaFd(env, env->GetObjectField(javaStruct.get(), fdFid));
   1383         if (javaFd.get() == NULL) {
   1384             break; // We also allow callers to just clear the fd field (this is what Selector does).
   1385         }
   1386         fds[count].fd = jniGetFDFromFileDescriptor(env, javaFd.get());
   1387         fds[count].events = env->GetShortField(javaStruct.get(), eventsFid);
   1388         ++count;
   1389     }
   1390 
   1391     std::vector<AsynchronousCloseMonitor*> monitors;
   1392     for (size_t i = 0; i < count; ++i) {
   1393         monitors.push_back(new AsynchronousCloseMonitor(fds[i].fd));
   1394     }
   1395 
   1396     int rc;
   1397     while (true) {
   1398         timespec before;
   1399         clock_gettime(CLOCK_MONOTONIC, &before);
   1400 
   1401         rc = poll(fds.get(), count, timeoutMs);
   1402         if (rc >= 0 || errno != EINTR) {
   1403             break;
   1404         }
   1405 
   1406         // We got EINTR. Work out how much of the original timeout is still left.
   1407         if (timeoutMs > 0) {
   1408             timespec now;
   1409             clock_gettime(CLOCK_MONOTONIC, &now);
   1410 
   1411             timespec diff;
   1412             diff.tv_sec = now.tv_sec - before.tv_sec;
   1413             diff.tv_nsec = now.tv_nsec - before.tv_nsec;
   1414             if (diff.tv_nsec < 0) {
   1415                 --diff.tv_sec;
   1416                 diff.tv_nsec += 1000000000;
   1417             }
   1418 
   1419             jint diffMs = diff.tv_sec * 1000 + diff.tv_nsec / 1000000;
   1420             if (diffMs >= timeoutMs) {
   1421                 rc = 0; // We have less than 1ms left anyway, so just time out.
   1422                 break;
   1423             }
   1424 
   1425             timeoutMs -= diffMs;
   1426         }
   1427     }
   1428 
   1429     for (size_t i = 0; i < monitors.size(); ++i) {
   1430         delete monitors[i];
   1431     }
   1432     if (rc == -1) {
   1433         throwErrnoException(env, "poll");
   1434         return -1;
   1435     }
   1436 
   1437     // Update the revents fields in the Java android.system.StructPollfd[].
   1438     for (size_t i = 0; i < count; ++i) {
   1439         ScopedLocalRef<jobject> javaStruct(env, env->GetObjectArrayElement(javaStructs, i));
   1440         if (javaStruct.get() == NULL) {
   1441             return -1;
   1442         }
   1443         env->SetShortField(javaStruct.get(), reventsFid, fds[i].revents);
   1444     }
   1445     return rc;
   1446 }
   1447 
   1448 static void Posix_posix_fallocate(JNIEnv* env, jobject, jobject javaFd __unused,
   1449                                   jlong offset __unused, jlong length __unused) {
   1450     int fd = jniGetFDFromFileDescriptor(env, javaFd);
   1451     while ((errno = posix_fallocate64(fd, offset, length)) == EINTR) {
   1452     }
   1453     if (errno != 0) {
   1454         throwErrnoException(env, "posix_fallocate");
   1455     }
   1456 }
   1457 
   1458 static jint Posix_prctl(JNIEnv* env, jobject, jint option __unused, jlong arg2 __unused,
   1459                         jlong arg3 __unused, jlong arg4 __unused, jlong arg5 __unused) {
   1460     int result = TEMP_FAILURE_RETRY(prctl(static_cast<int>(option),
   1461                                           static_cast<unsigned long>(arg2),
   1462                                           static_cast<unsigned long>(arg3),
   1463                                           static_cast<unsigned long>(arg4),
   1464                                           static_cast<unsigned long>(arg5)));
   1465     return throwIfMinusOne(env, "prctl", result);
   1466 }
   1467 
   1468 static jint Posix_preadBytes(JNIEnv* env, jobject, jobject javaFd, jobject javaBytes, jint byteOffset, jint byteCount, jlong offset) {
   1469     ScopedBytesRW bytes(env, javaBytes);
   1470     if (bytes.get() == NULL) {
   1471         return -1;
   1472     }
   1473     return IO_FAILURE_RETRY(env, ssize_t, pread64, javaFd, bytes.get() + byteOffset, byteCount, offset);
   1474 }
   1475 
   1476 static jint Posix_pwriteBytes(JNIEnv* env, jobject, jobject javaFd, jbyteArray javaBytes, jint byteOffset, jint byteCount, jlong offset) {
   1477     ScopedBytesRO bytes(env, javaBytes);
   1478     if (bytes.get() == NULL) {
   1479         return -1;
   1480     }
   1481     return IO_FAILURE_RETRY(env, ssize_t, pwrite64, javaFd, bytes.get() + byteOffset, byteCount, offset);
   1482 }
   1483 
   1484 static jint Posix_readBytes(JNIEnv* env, jobject, jobject javaFd, jobject javaBytes, jint byteOffset, jint byteCount) {
   1485     ScopedBytesRW bytes(env, javaBytes);
   1486     if (bytes.get() == NULL) {
   1487         return -1;
   1488     }
   1489     return IO_FAILURE_RETRY(env, ssize_t, read, javaFd, bytes.get() + byteOffset, byteCount);
   1490 }
   1491 
   1492 static jstring Posix_readlink(JNIEnv* env, jobject, jstring javaPath) {
   1493     ScopedUtfChars path(env, javaPath);
   1494     if (path.c_str() == NULL) {
   1495         return NULL;
   1496     }
   1497 
   1498     std::string result;
   1499     if (!readlink(path.c_str(), result)) {
   1500         throwErrnoException(env, "readlink");
   1501         return NULL;
   1502     }
   1503     return env->NewStringUTF(result.c_str());
   1504 }
   1505 
   1506 static jstring Posix_realpath(JNIEnv* env, jobject, jstring javaPath) {
   1507     ScopedUtfChars path(env, javaPath);
   1508     if (path.c_str() == NULL) {
   1509         return NULL;
   1510     }
   1511 
   1512     std::unique_ptr<char, c_deleter> real_path(realpath(path.c_str(), nullptr));
   1513     if (real_path.get() == nullptr) {
   1514         throwErrnoException(env, "realpath");
   1515         return NULL;
   1516     }
   1517 
   1518     return env->NewStringUTF(real_path.get());
   1519 }
   1520 
   1521 static jint Posix_readv(JNIEnv* env, jobject, jobject javaFd, jobjectArray buffers, jintArray offsets, jintArray byteCounts) {
   1522     IoVec<ScopedBytesRW> ioVec(env, env->GetArrayLength(buffers));
   1523     if (!ioVec.init(buffers, offsets, byteCounts)) {
   1524         return -1;
   1525     }
   1526     return IO_FAILURE_RETRY(env, ssize_t, readv, javaFd, ioVec.get(), ioVec.size());
   1527 }
   1528 
   1529 static jint Posix_recvfromBytes(JNIEnv* env, jobject, jobject javaFd, jobject javaBytes, jint byteOffset, jint byteCount, jint flags, jobject javaInetSocketAddress) {
   1530     ScopedBytesRW bytes(env, javaBytes);
   1531     if (bytes.get() == NULL) {
   1532         return -1;
   1533     }
   1534     sockaddr_storage ss;
   1535     socklen_t sl = sizeof(ss);
   1536     memset(&ss, 0, sizeof(ss));
   1537     sockaddr* from = (javaInetSocketAddress != NULL) ? reinterpret_cast<sockaddr*>(&ss) : NULL;
   1538     socklen_t* fromLength = (javaInetSocketAddress != NULL) ? &sl : 0;
   1539     jint recvCount = NET_FAILURE_RETRY(env, ssize_t, recvfrom, javaFd, bytes.get() + byteOffset, byteCount, flags, from, fromLength);
   1540     if (recvCount > 0) {
   1541         fillInetSocketAddress(env, javaInetSocketAddress, ss);
   1542     }
   1543     return recvCount;
   1544 }
   1545 
   1546 static void Posix_remove(JNIEnv* env, jobject, jstring javaPath) {
   1547     ScopedUtfChars path(env, javaPath);
   1548     if (path.c_str() == NULL) {
   1549         return;
   1550     }
   1551     throwIfMinusOne(env, "remove", TEMP_FAILURE_RETRY(remove(path.c_str())));
   1552 }
   1553 
   1554 static void Posix_removexattr(JNIEnv* env, jobject, jstring javaPath, jstring javaName) {
   1555     ScopedUtfChars path(env, javaPath);
   1556     if (path.c_str() == NULL) {
   1557         return;
   1558     }
   1559     ScopedUtfChars name(env, javaName);
   1560     if (name.c_str() == NULL) {
   1561         return;
   1562     }
   1563 
   1564     int res = removexattr(path.c_str(), name.c_str());
   1565     if (res < 0) {
   1566         throwErrnoException(env, "removexattr");
   1567     }
   1568 }
   1569 
   1570 static void Posix_rename(JNIEnv* env, jobject, jstring javaOldPath, jstring javaNewPath) {
   1571     ScopedUtfChars oldPath(env, javaOldPath);
   1572     if (oldPath.c_str() == NULL) {
   1573         return;
   1574     }
   1575     ScopedUtfChars newPath(env, javaNewPath);
   1576     if (newPath.c_str() == NULL) {
   1577         return;
   1578     }
   1579     throwIfMinusOne(env, "rename", TEMP_FAILURE_RETRY(rename(oldPath.c_str(), newPath.c_str())));
   1580 }
   1581 
   1582 static jlong Posix_sendfile(JNIEnv* env, jobject, jobject javaOutFd, jobject javaInFd, jobject javaOffset, jlong byteCount) {
   1583     int outFd = jniGetFDFromFileDescriptor(env, javaOutFd);
   1584     int inFd = jniGetFDFromFileDescriptor(env, javaInFd);
   1585     static jfieldID valueFid = env->GetFieldID(JniConstants::mutableLongClass, "value", "J");
   1586     off_t offset = 0;
   1587     off_t* offsetPtr = NULL;
   1588     if (javaOffset != NULL) {
   1589         // TODO: fix bionic so we can have a 64-bit off_t!
   1590         offset = env->GetLongField(javaOffset, valueFid);
   1591         offsetPtr = &offset;
   1592     }
   1593     jlong result = throwIfMinusOne(env, "sendfile", TEMP_FAILURE_RETRY(sendfile(outFd, inFd, offsetPtr, byteCount)));
   1594     if (javaOffset != NULL) {
   1595         env->SetLongField(javaOffset, valueFid, offset);
   1596     }
   1597     return result;
   1598 }
   1599 
   1600 static jint Posix_sendtoBytes(JNIEnv* env, jobject, jobject javaFd, jobject javaBytes, jint byteOffset, jint byteCount, jint flags, jobject javaInetAddress, jint port) {
   1601     ScopedBytesRO bytes(env, javaBytes);
   1602     if (bytes.get() == NULL) {
   1603         return -1;
   1604     }
   1605 
   1606     return NET_IPV4_FALLBACK(env, ssize_t, sendto, javaFd, javaInetAddress, port,
   1607                              NULL_ADDR_OK, bytes.get() + byteOffset, byteCount, flags);
   1608 }
   1609 
   1610 static jint Posix_sendtoBytesSocketAddress(JNIEnv* env, jobject, jobject javaFd, jobject javaBytes, jint byteOffset, jint byteCount, jint flags, jobject javaSocketAddress) {
   1611     if (env->IsInstanceOf(javaSocketAddress, JniConstants::inetSocketAddressClass)) {
   1612         // Use the InetAddress version so we get the benefit of NET_IPV4_FALLBACK.
   1613         jobject javaInetAddress;
   1614         jint port;
   1615         javaInetSocketAddressToInetAddressAndPort(env, javaSocketAddress, javaInetAddress, port);
   1616         return Posix_sendtoBytes(env, NULL, javaFd, javaBytes, byteOffset, byteCount, flags,
   1617                                  javaInetAddress, port);
   1618     }
   1619 
   1620     ScopedBytesRO bytes(env, javaBytes);
   1621     if (bytes.get() == NULL) {
   1622         return -1;
   1623     }
   1624 
   1625     sockaddr_storage ss;
   1626     socklen_t sa_len;
   1627     if (!javaSocketAddressToSockaddr(env, javaSocketAddress, ss, sa_len)) {
   1628         return -1;
   1629     }
   1630 
   1631     const sockaddr* sa = reinterpret_cast<const sockaddr*>(&ss);
   1632     // We don't need the return value because we'll already have thrown.
   1633     return NET_FAILURE_RETRY(env, ssize_t, sendto, javaFd, bytes.get() + byteOffset, byteCount, flags, sa, sa_len);
   1634 }
   1635 
   1636 static void Posix_setegid(JNIEnv* env, jobject, jint egid) {
   1637     throwIfMinusOne(env, "setegid", TEMP_FAILURE_RETRY(setegid(egid)));
   1638 }
   1639 
   1640 static void Posix_setenv(JNIEnv* env, jobject, jstring javaName, jstring javaValue, jboolean overwrite) {
   1641     ScopedUtfChars name(env, javaName);
   1642     if (name.c_str() == NULL) {
   1643         return;
   1644     }
   1645     ScopedUtfChars value(env, javaValue);
   1646     if (value.c_str() == NULL) {
   1647         return;
   1648     }
   1649     throwIfMinusOne(env, "setenv", setenv(name.c_str(), value.c_str(), overwrite));
   1650 }
   1651 
   1652 static void Posix_seteuid(JNIEnv* env, jobject, jint euid) {
   1653     throwIfMinusOne(env, "seteuid", TEMP_FAILURE_RETRY(seteuid(euid)));
   1654 }
   1655 
   1656 static void Posix_setgid(JNIEnv* env, jobject, jint gid) {
   1657     throwIfMinusOne(env, "setgid", TEMP_FAILURE_RETRY(setgid(gid)));
   1658 }
   1659 
   1660 static void Posix_setpgid(JNIEnv* env, jobject, jint pid, int pgid) {
   1661     throwIfMinusOne(env, "setpgid", TEMP_FAILURE_RETRY(setpgid(pid, pgid)));
   1662 }
   1663 
   1664 static void Posix_setregid(JNIEnv* env, jobject, jint rgid, int egid) {
   1665     throwIfMinusOne(env, "setregid", TEMP_FAILURE_RETRY(setregid(rgid, egid)));
   1666 }
   1667 
   1668 static void Posix_setreuid(JNIEnv* env, jobject, jint ruid, int euid) {
   1669     throwIfMinusOne(env, "setreuid", TEMP_FAILURE_RETRY(setreuid(ruid, euid)));
   1670 }
   1671 
   1672 static jint Posix_setsid(JNIEnv* env, jobject) {
   1673     return throwIfMinusOne(env, "setsid", TEMP_FAILURE_RETRY(setsid()));
   1674 }
   1675 
   1676 static void Posix_setsockoptByte(JNIEnv* env, jobject, jobject javaFd, jint level, jint option, jint value) {
   1677     int fd = jniGetFDFromFileDescriptor(env, javaFd);
   1678     u_char byte = value;
   1679     throwIfMinusOne(env, "setsockopt", TEMP_FAILURE_RETRY(setsockopt(fd, level, option, &byte, sizeof(byte))));
   1680 }
   1681 
   1682 static void Posix_setsockoptIfreq(JNIEnv* env, jobject, jobject javaFd, jint level, jint option, jstring javaInterfaceName) {
   1683     struct ifreq req;
   1684     if (!fillIfreq(env, javaInterfaceName, req)) {
   1685         return;
   1686     }
   1687     int fd = jniGetFDFromFileDescriptor(env, javaFd);
   1688     throwIfMinusOne(env, "setsockopt", TEMP_FAILURE_RETRY(setsockopt(fd, level, option, &req, sizeof(req))));
   1689 }
   1690 
   1691 static void Posix_setsockoptInt(JNIEnv* env, jobject, jobject javaFd, jint level, jint option, jint value) {
   1692     int fd = jniGetFDFromFileDescriptor(env, javaFd);
   1693     throwIfMinusOne(env, "setsockopt", TEMP_FAILURE_RETRY(setsockopt(fd, level, option, &value, sizeof(value))));
   1694 }
   1695 
   1696 static void Posix_setsockoptIpMreqn(JNIEnv* env, jobject, jobject javaFd, jint level, jint option, jint value) {
   1697     ip_mreqn req;
   1698     memset(&req, 0, sizeof(req));
   1699     req.imr_ifindex = value;
   1700     int fd = jniGetFDFromFileDescriptor(env, javaFd);
   1701     throwIfMinusOne(env, "setsockopt", TEMP_FAILURE_RETRY(setsockopt(fd, level, option, &req, sizeof(req))));
   1702 }
   1703 
   1704 static void Posix_setsockoptGroupReq(JNIEnv* env, jobject, jobject javaFd, jint level, jint option, jobject javaGroupReq) {
   1705     struct group_req req;
   1706     memset(&req, 0, sizeof(req));
   1707 
   1708     static jfieldID grInterfaceFid = env->GetFieldID(JniConstants::structGroupReqClass, "gr_interface", "I");
   1709     req.gr_interface = env->GetIntField(javaGroupReq, grInterfaceFid);
   1710     // Get the IPv4 or IPv6 multicast address to join or leave.
   1711     static jfieldID grGroupFid = env->GetFieldID(JniConstants::structGroupReqClass, "gr_group", "Ljava/net/InetAddress;");
   1712     ScopedLocalRef<jobject> javaGroup(env, env->GetObjectField(javaGroupReq, grGroupFid));
   1713     socklen_t sa_len;
   1714     if (!inetAddressToSockaddrVerbatim(env, javaGroup.get(), 0, req.gr_group, sa_len)) {
   1715         return;
   1716     }
   1717 
   1718     int fd = jniGetFDFromFileDescriptor(env, javaFd);
   1719     int rc = TEMP_FAILURE_RETRY(setsockopt(fd, level, option, &req, sizeof(req)));
   1720     if (rc == -1 && errno == EINVAL) {
   1721         // Maybe we're a 32-bit binary talking to a 64-bit kernel?
   1722         // glibc doesn't automatically handle this.
   1723         // http://sourceware.org/bugzilla/show_bug.cgi?id=12080
   1724         struct group_req64 {
   1725             uint32_t gr_interface;
   1726             uint32_t my_padding;
   1727             sockaddr_storage gr_group;
   1728         };
   1729         group_req64 req64;
   1730         req64.gr_interface = req.gr_interface;
   1731         memcpy(&req64.gr_group, &req.gr_group, sizeof(req.gr_group));
   1732         rc = TEMP_FAILURE_RETRY(setsockopt(fd, level, option, &req64, sizeof(req64)));
   1733     }
   1734     throwIfMinusOne(env, "setsockopt", rc);
   1735 }
   1736 
   1737 static void Posix_setsockoptGroupSourceReq(JNIEnv* env, jobject, jobject javaFd, jint level, jint option, jobject javaGroupSourceReq) {
   1738     socklen_t sa_len;
   1739     struct group_source_req req;
   1740     memset(&req, 0, sizeof(req));
   1741 
   1742     static jfieldID gsrInterfaceFid = env->GetFieldID(JniConstants::structGroupSourceReqClass, "gsr_interface", "I");
   1743     req.gsr_interface = env->GetIntField(javaGroupSourceReq, gsrInterfaceFid);
   1744     // Get the IPv4 or IPv6 multicast address to join or leave.
   1745     static jfieldID gsrGroupFid = env->GetFieldID(JniConstants::structGroupSourceReqClass, "gsr_group", "Ljava/net/InetAddress;");
   1746     ScopedLocalRef<jobject> javaGroup(env, env->GetObjectField(javaGroupSourceReq, gsrGroupFid));
   1747     if (!inetAddressToSockaddrVerbatim(env, javaGroup.get(), 0, req.gsr_group, sa_len)) {
   1748         return;
   1749     }
   1750 
   1751     // Get the IPv4 or IPv6 multicast address to add to the filter.
   1752     static jfieldID gsrSourceFid = env->GetFieldID(JniConstants::structGroupSourceReqClass, "gsr_source", "Ljava/net/InetAddress;");
   1753     ScopedLocalRef<jobject> javaSource(env, env->GetObjectField(javaGroupSourceReq, gsrSourceFid));
   1754     if (!inetAddressToSockaddrVerbatim(env, javaSource.get(), 0, req.gsr_source, sa_len)) {
   1755         return;
   1756     }
   1757 
   1758     int fd = jniGetFDFromFileDescriptor(env, javaFd);
   1759     int rc = TEMP_FAILURE_RETRY(setsockopt(fd, level, option, &req, sizeof(req)));
   1760     if (rc == -1 && errno == EINVAL) {
   1761         // Maybe we're a 32-bit binary talking to a 64-bit kernel?
   1762         // glibc doesn't automatically handle this.
   1763         // http://sourceware.org/bugzilla/show_bug.cgi?id=12080
   1764         struct group_source_req64 {
   1765             uint32_t gsr_interface;
   1766             uint32_t my_padding;
   1767             sockaddr_storage gsr_group;
   1768             sockaddr_storage gsr_source;
   1769         };
   1770         group_source_req64 req64;
   1771         req64.gsr_interface = req.gsr_interface;
   1772         memcpy(&req64.gsr_group, &req.gsr_group, sizeof(req.gsr_group));
   1773         memcpy(&req64.gsr_source, &req.gsr_source, sizeof(req.gsr_source));
   1774         rc = TEMP_FAILURE_RETRY(setsockopt(fd, level, option, &req64, sizeof(req64)));
   1775     }
   1776     throwIfMinusOne(env, "setsockopt", rc);
   1777 }
   1778 
   1779 static void Posix_setsockoptLinger(JNIEnv* env, jobject, jobject javaFd, jint level, jint option, jobject javaLinger) {
   1780     static jfieldID lOnoffFid = env->GetFieldID(JniConstants::structLingerClass, "l_onoff", "I");
   1781     static jfieldID lLingerFid = env->GetFieldID(JniConstants::structLingerClass, "l_linger", "I");
   1782     int fd = jniGetFDFromFileDescriptor(env, javaFd);
   1783     struct linger value;
   1784     value.l_onoff = env->GetIntField(javaLinger, lOnoffFid);
   1785     value.l_linger = env->GetIntField(javaLinger, lLingerFid);
   1786     throwIfMinusOne(env, "setsockopt", TEMP_FAILURE_RETRY(setsockopt(fd, level, option, &value, sizeof(value))));
   1787 }
   1788 
   1789 static void Posix_setsockoptTimeval(JNIEnv* env, jobject, jobject javaFd, jint level, jint option, jobject javaTimeval) {
   1790     static jfieldID tvSecFid = env->GetFieldID(JniConstants::structTimevalClass, "tv_sec", "J");
   1791     static jfieldID tvUsecFid = env->GetFieldID(JniConstants::structTimevalClass, "tv_usec", "J");
   1792     int fd = jniGetFDFromFileDescriptor(env, javaFd);
   1793     struct timeval value;
   1794     value.tv_sec = env->GetLongField(javaTimeval, tvSecFid);
   1795     value.tv_usec = env->GetLongField(javaTimeval, tvUsecFid);
   1796     throwIfMinusOne(env, "setsockopt", TEMP_FAILURE_RETRY(setsockopt(fd, level, option, &value, sizeof(value))));
   1797 }
   1798 
   1799 static void Posix_setuid(JNIEnv* env, jobject, jint uid) {
   1800     throwIfMinusOne(env, "setuid", TEMP_FAILURE_RETRY(setuid(uid)));
   1801 }
   1802 
   1803 static void Posix_setxattr(JNIEnv* env, jobject, jstring javaPath, jstring javaName,
   1804         jbyteArray javaValue, jint flags) {
   1805     ScopedUtfChars path(env, javaPath);
   1806     if (path.c_str() == NULL) {
   1807         return;
   1808     }
   1809     ScopedUtfChars name(env, javaName);
   1810     if (name.c_str() == NULL) {
   1811         return;
   1812     }
   1813     ScopedBytesRO value(env, javaValue);
   1814     if (value.get() == NULL) {
   1815         return;
   1816     }
   1817     size_t valueLength = env->GetArrayLength(javaValue);
   1818     int res = setxattr(path.c_str(), name.c_str(), value.get(), valueLength, flags);
   1819     if (res < 0) {
   1820         throwErrnoException(env, "setxattr");
   1821     }
   1822 }
   1823 
   1824 static void Posix_shutdown(JNIEnv* env, jobject, jobject javaFd, jint how) {
   1825     int fd = jniGetFDFromFileDescriptor(env, javaFd);
   1826     throwIfMinusOne(env, "shutdown", TEMP_FAILURE_RETRY(shutdown(fd, how)));
   1827 }
   1828 
   1829 static jobject Posix_socket(JNIEnv* env, jobject, jint domain, jint type, jint protocol) {
   1830     if (domain == AF_PACKET) {
   1831         protocol = htons(protocol);  // Packet sockets specify the protocol in host byte order.
   1832     }
   1833     int fd = throwIfMinusOne(env, "socket", TEMP_FAILURE_RETRY(socket(domain, type, protocol)));
   1834     return fd != -1 ? jniCreateFileDescriptor(env, fd) : NULL;
   1835 }
   1836 
   1837 static void Posix_socketpair(JNIEnv* env, jobject, jint domain, jint type, jint protocol, jobject javaFd1, jobject javaFd2) {
   1838     int fds[2];
   1839     int rc = throwIfMinusOne(env, "socketpair", TEMP_FAILURE_RETRY(socketpair(domain, type, protocol, fds)));
   1840     if (rc != -1) {
   1841         jniSetFileDescriptorOfFD(env, javaFd1, fds[0]);
   1842         jniSetFileDescriptorOfFD(env, javaFd2, fds[1]);
   1843     }
   1844 }
   1845 
   1846 static jobject Posix_stat(JNIEnv* env, jobject, jstring javaPath) {
   1847     return doStat(env, javaPath, false);
   1848 }
   1849 
   1850 static jobject Posix_statvfs(JNIEnv* env, jobject, jstring javaPath) {
   1851     ScopedUtfChars path(env, javaPath);
   1852     if (path.c_str() == NULL) {
   1853         return NULL;
   1854     }
   1855     struct statvfs sb;
   1856     int rc = TEMP_FAILURE_RETRY(statvfs(path.c_str(), &sb));
   1857     if (rc == -1) {
   1858         throwErrnoException(env, "statvfs");
   1859         return NULL;
   1860     }
   1861     return makeStructStatVfs(env, sb);
   1862 }
   1863 
   1864 static jstring Posix_strerror(JNIEnv* env, jobject, jint errnum) {
   1865     char buffer[BUFSIZ];
   1866     const char* message = jniStrError(errnum, buffer, sizeof(buffer));
   1867     return env->NewStringUTF(message);
   1868 }
   1869 
   1870 static jstring Posix_strsignal(JNIEnv* env, jobject, jint signal) {
   1871     return env->NewStringUTF(strsignal(signal));
   1872 }
   1873 
   1874 static void Posix_symlink(JNIEnv* env, jobject, jstring javaOldPath, jstring javaNewPath) {
   1875     ScopedUtfChars oldPath(env, javaOldPath);
   1876     if (oldPath.c_str() == NULL) {
   1877         return;
   1878     }
   1879     ScopedUtfChars newPath(env, javaNewPath);
   1880     if (newPath.c_str() == NULL) {
   1881         return;
   1882     }
   1883     throwIfMinusOne(env, "symlink", TEMP_FAILURE_RETRY(symlink(oldPath.c_str(), newPath.c_str())));
   1884 }
   1885 
   1886 static jlong Posix_sysconf(JNIEnv* env, jobject, jint name) {
   1887     // Since -1 is a valid result from sysconf(3), detecting failure is a little more awkward.
   1888     errno = 0;
   1889     long result = sysconf(name);
   1890     if (result == -1L && errno == EINVAL) {
   1891         throwErrnoException(env, "sysconf");
   1892     }
   1893     return result;
   1894 }
   1895 
   1896 static void Posix_tcdrain(JNIEnv* env, jobject, jobject javaFd) {
   1897     int fd = jniGetFDFromFileDescriptor(env, javaFd);
   1898     throwIfMinusOne(env, "tcdrain", TEMP_FAILURE_RETRY(tcdrain(fd)));
   1899 }
   1900 
   1901 static void Posix_tcsendbreak(JNIEnv* env, jobject, jobject javaFd, jint duration) {
   1902   int fd = jniGetFDFromFileDescriptor(env, javaFd);
   1903   throwIfMinusOne(env, "tcsendbreak", TEMP_FAILURE_RETRY(tcsendbreak(fd, duration)));
   1904 }
   1905 
   1906 static jint Posix_umaskImpl(JNIEnv*, jobject, jint mask) {
   1907     return umask(mask);
   1908 }
   1909 
   1910 static jobject Posix_uname(JNIEnv* env, jobject) {
   1911     struct utsname buf;
   1912     if (TEMP_FAILURE_RETRY(uname(&buf)) == -1) {
   1913         return NULL; // Can't happen.
   1914     }
   1915     return makeStructUtsname(env, buf);
   1916 }
   1917 
   1918 static void Posix_unlink(JNIEnv* env, jobject, jstring javaPathname) {
   1919     ScopedUtfChars pathname(env, javaPathname);
   1920     if (pathname.c_str() == NULL) {
   1921         return;
   1922     }
   1923     throwIfMinusOne(env, "unlink", unlink(pathname.c_str()));
   1924 }
   1925 
   1926 static void Posix_unsetenv(JNIEnv* env, jobject, jstring javaName) {
   1927     ScopedUtfChars name(env, javaName);
   1928     if (name.c_str() == NULL) {
   1929         return;
   1930     }
   1931     throwIfMinusOne(env, "unsetenv", unsetenv(name.c_str()));
   1932 }
   1933 
   1934 static jint Posix_waitpid(JNIEnv* env, jobject, jint pid, jobject javaStatus, jint options) {
   1935     int status;
   1936     int rc = throwIfMinusOne(env, "waitpid", TEMP_FAILURE_RETRY(waitpid(pid, &status, options)));
   1937     if (rc != -1) {
   1938         static jfieldID valueFid = env->GetFieldID(JniConstants::mutableIntClass, "value", "I");
   1939         env->SetIntField(javaStatus, valueFid, status);
   1940     }
   1941     return rc;
   1942 }
   1943 
   1944 static jint Posix_writeBytes(JNIEnv* env, jobject, jobject javaFd, jbyteArray javaBytes, jint byteOffset, jint byteCount) {
   1945     ScopedBytesRO bytes(env, javaBytes);
   1946     if (bytes.get() == NULL) {
   1947         return -1;
   1948     }
   1949     return IO_FAILURE_RETRY(env, ssize_t, write, javaFd, bytes.get() + byteOffset, byteCount);
   1950 }
   1951 
   1952 static jint Posix_writev(JNIEnv* env, jobject, jobject javaFd, jobjectArray buffers, jintArray offsets, jintArray byteCounts) {
   1953     IoVec<ScopedBytesRO> ioVec(env, env->GetArrayLength(buffers));
   1954     if (!ioVec.init(buffers, offsets, byteCounts)) {
   1955         return -1;
   1956     }
   1957     return IO_FAILURE_RETRY(env, ssize_t, writev, javaFd, ioVec.get(), ioVec.size());
   1958 }
   1959 
   1960 #define NATIVE_METHOD_OVERLOAD(className, functionName, signature, variant) \
   1961     { #functionName, signature, reinterpret_cast<void*>(className ## _ ## functionName ## variant) }
   1962 
   1963 static JNINativeMethod gMethods[] = {
   1964     NATIVE_METHOD(Posix, accept, "(Ljava/io/FileDescriptor;Ljava/net/SocketAddress;)Ljava/io/FileDescriptor;"),
   1965     NATIVE_METHOD(Posix, access, "(Ljava/lang/String;I)Z"),
   1966     NATIVE_METHOD(Posix, android_getaddrinfo, "(Ljava/lang/String;Landroid/system/StructAddrinfo;I)[Ljava/net/InetAddress;"),
   1967     NATIVE_METHOD(Posix, bind, "(Ljava/io/FileDescriptor;Ljava/net/InetAddress;I)V"),
   1968     NATIVE_METHOD_OVERLOAD(Posix, bind, "(Ljava/io/FileDescriptor;Ljava/net/SocketAddress;)V", SocketAddress),
   1969     NATIVE_METHOD(Posix, chmod, "(Ljava/lang/String;I)V"),
   1970     NATIVE_METHOD(Posix, chown, "(Ljava/lang/String;II)V"),
   1971     NATIVE_METHOD(Posix, close, "(Ljava/io/FileDescriptor;)V"),
   1972     NATIVE_METHOD(Posix, connect, "(Ljava/io/FileDescriptor;Ljava/net/InetAddress;I)V"),
   1973     NATIVE_METHOD_OVERLOAD(Posix, connect, "(Ljava/io/FileDescriptor;Ljava/net/SocketAddress;)V", SocketAddress),
   1974     NATIVE_METHOD(Posix, dup, "(Ljava/io/FileDescriptor;)Ljava/io/FileDescriptor;"),
   1975     NATIVE_METHOD(Posix, dup2, "(Ljava/io/FileDescriptor;I)Ljava/io/FileDescriptor;"),
   1976     NATIVE_METHOD(Posix, environ, "()[Ljava/lang/String;"),
   1977     NATIVE_METHOD(Posix, execv, "(Ljava/lang/String;[Ljava/lang/String;)V"),
   1978     NATIVE_METHOD(Posix, execve, "(Ljava/lang/String;[Ljava/lang/String;[Ljava/lang/String;)V"),
   1979     NATIVE_METHOD(Posix, fchmod, "(Ljava/io/FileDescriptor;I)V"),
   1980     NATIVE_METHOD(Posix, fchown, "(Ljava/io/FileDescriptor;II)V"),
   1981     NATIVE_METHOD(Posix, fcntlFlock, "(Ljava/io/FileDescriptor;ILandroid/system/StructFlock;)I"),
   1982     NATIVE_METHOD(Posix, fcntlInt, "(Ljava/io/FileDescriptor;II)I"),
   1983     NATIVE_METHOD(Posix, fcntlVoid, "(Ljava/io/FileDescriptor;I)I"),
   1984     NATIVE_METHOD(Posix, fdatasync, "(Ljava/io/FileDescriptor;)V"),
   1985     NATIVE_METHOD(Posix, fstat, "(Ljava/io/FileDescriptor;)Landroid/system/StructStat;"),
   1986     NATIVE_METHOD(Posix, fstatvfs, "(Ljava/io/FileDescriptor;)Landroid/system/StructStatVfs;"),
   1987     NATIVE_METHOD(Posix, fsync, "(Ljava/io/FileDescriptor;)V"),
   1988     NATIVE_METHOD(Posix, ftruncate, "(Ljava/io/FileDescriptor;J)V"),
   1989     NATIVE_METHOD(Posix, gai_strerror, "(I)Ljava/lang/String;"),
   1990     NATIVE_METHOD(Posix, getegid, "()I"),
   1991     NATIVE_METHOD(Posix, geteuid, "()I"),
   1992     NATIVE_METHOD(Posix, getgid, "()I"),
   1993     NATIVE_METHOD(Posix, getenv, "(Ljava/lang/String;)Ljava/lang/String;"),
   1994     NATIVE_METHOD(Posix, getnameinfo, "(Ljava/net/InetAddress;I)Ljava/lang/String;"),
   1995     NATIVE_METHOD(Posix, getpeername, "(Ljava/io/FileDescriptor;)Ljava/net/SocketAddress;"),
   1996     NATIVE_METHOD(Posix, getpgid, "(I)I"),
   1997     NATIVE_METHOD(Posix, getpid, "()I"),
   1998     NATIVE_METHOD(Posix, getppid, "()I"),
   1999     NATIVE_METHOD(Posix, getpwnam, "(Ljava/lang/String;)Landroid/system/StructPasswd;"),
   2000     NATIVE_METHOD(Posix, getpwuid, "(I)Landroid/system/StructPasswd;"),
   2001     NATIVE_METHOD(Posix, getsockname, "(Ljava/io/FileDescriptor;)Ljava/net/SocketAddress;"),
   2002     NATIVE_METHOD(Posix, getsockoptByte, "(Ljava/io/FileDescriptor;II)I"),
   2003     NATIVE_METHOD(Posix, getsockoptInAddr, "(Ljava/io/FileDescriptor;II)Ljava/net/InetAddress;"),
   2004     NATIVE_METHOD(Posix, getsockoptInt, "(Ljava/io/FileDescriptor;II)I"),
   2005     NATIVE_METHOD(Posix, getsockoptLinger, "(Ljava/io/FileDescriptor;II)Landroid/system/StructLinger;"),
   2006     NATIVE_METHOD(Posix, getsockoptTimeval, "(Ljava/io/FileDescriptor;II)Landroid/system/StructTimeval;"),
   2007     NATIVE_METHOD(Posix, getsockoptUcred, "(Ljava/io/FileDescriptor;II)Landroid/system/StructUcred;"),
   2008     NATIVE_METHOD(Posix, gettid, "()I"),
   2009     NATIVE_METHOD(Posix, getuid, "()I"),
   2010     NATIVE_METHOD(Posix, getxattr, "(Ljava/lang/String;Ljava/lang/String;[B)I"),
   2011     NATIVE_METHOD(Posix, if_indextoname, "(I)Ljava/lang/String;"),
   2012     NATIVE_METHOD(Posix, inet_pton, "(ILjava/lang/String;)Ljava/net/InetAddress;"),
   2013     NATIVE_METHOD(Posix, ioctlInetAddress, "(Ljava/io/FileDescriptor;ILjava/lang/String;)Ljava/net/InetAddress;"),
   2014     NATIVE_METHOD(Posix, ioctlInt, "(Ljava/io/FileDescriptor;ILandroid/util/MutableInt;)I"),
   2015     NATIVE_METHOD(Posix, isatty, "(Ljava/io/FileDescriptor;)Z"),
   2016     NATIVE_METHOD(Posix, kill, "(II)V"),
   2017     NATIVE_METHOD(Posix, lchown, "(Ljava/lang/String;II)V"),
   2018     NATIVE_METHOD(Posix, link, "(Ljava/lang/String;Ljava/lang/String;)V"),
   2019     NATIVE_METHOD(Posix, listen, "(Ljava/io/FileDescriptor;I)V"),
   2020     NATIVE_METHOD(Posix, lseek, "(Ljava/io/FileDescriptor;JI)J"),
   2021     NATIVE_METHOD(Posix, lstat, "(Ljava/lang/String;)Landroid/system/StructStat;"),
   2022     NATIVE_METHOD(Posix, mincore, "(JJ[B)V"),
   2023     NATIVE_METHOD(Posix, mkdir, "(Ljava/lang/String;I)V"),
   2024     NATIVE_METHOD(Posix, mkfifo, "(Ljava/lang/String;I)V"),
   2025     NATIVE_METHOD(Posix, mlock, "(JJ)V"),
   2026     NATIVE_METHOD(Posix, mmap, "(JJIILjava/io/FileDescriptor;J)J"),
   2027     NATIVE_METHOD(Posix, msync, "(JJI)V"),
   2028     NATIVE_METHOD(Posix, munlock, "(JJ)V"),
   2029     NATIVE_METHOD(Posix, munmap, "(JJ)V"),
   2030     NATIVE_METHOD(Posix, open, "(Ljava/lang/String;II)Ljava/io/FileDescriptor;"),
   2031     NATIVE_METHOD(Posix, pipe2, "(I)[Ljava/io/FileDescriptor;"),
   2032     NATIVE_METHOD(Posix, poll, "([Landroid/system/StructPollfd;I)I"),
   2033     NATIVE_METHOD(Posix, posix_fallocate, "(Ljava/io/FileDescriptor;JJ)V"),
   2034     NATIVE_METHOD(Posix, prctl, "(IJJJJ)I"),
   2035     NATIVE_METHOD(Posix, preadBytes, "(Ljava/io/FileDescriptor;Ljava/lang/Object;IIJ)I"),
   2036     NATIVE_METHOD(Posix, pwriteBytes, "(Ljava/io/FileDescriptor;Ljava/lang/Object;IIJ)I"),
   2037     NATIVE_METHOD(Posix, readBytes, "(Ljava/io/FileDescriptor;Ljava/lang/Object;II)I"),
   2038     NATIVE_METHOD(Posix, readlink, "(Ljava/lang/String;)Ljava/lang/String;"),
   2039     NATIVE_METHOD(Posix, realpath, "(Ljava/lang/String;)Ljava/lang/String;"),
   2040     NATIVE_METHOD(Posix, readv, "(Ljava/io/FileDescriptor;[Ljava/lang/Object;[I[I)I"),
   2041     NATIVE_METHOD(Posix, recvfromBytes, "(Ljava/io/FileDescriptor;Ljava/lang/Object;IIILjava/net/InetSocketAddress;)I"),
   2042     NATIVE_METHOD(Posix, remove, "(Ljava/lang/String;)V"),
   2043     NATIVE_METHOD(Posix, removexattr, "(Ljava/lang/String;Ljava/lang/String;)V"),
   2044     NATIVE_METHOD(Posix, rename, "(Ljava/lang/String;Ljava/lang/String;)V"),
   2045     NATIVE_METHOD(Posix, sendfile, "(Ljava/io/FileDescriptor;Ljava/io/FileDescriptor;Landroid/util/MutableLong;J)J"),
   2046     NATIVE_METHOD(Posix, sendtoBytes, "(Ljava/io/FileDescriptor;Ljava/lang/Object;IIILjava/net/InetAddress;I)I"),
   2047     NATIVE_METHOD_OVERLOAD(Posix, sendtoBytes, "(Ljava/io/FileDescriptor;Ljava/lang/Object;IIILjava/net/SocketAddress;)I", SocketAddress),
   2048     NATIVE_METHOD(Posix, setegid, "(I)V"),
   2049     NATIVE_METHOD(Posix, setenv, "(Ljava/lang/String;Ljava/lang/String;Z)V"),
   2050     NATIVE_METHOD(Posix, seteuid, "(I)V"),
   2051     NATIVE_METHOD(Posix, setgid, "(I)V"),
   2052     NATIVE_METHOD(Posix, setpgid, "(II)V"),
   2053     NATIVE_METHOD(Posix, setregid, "(II)V"),
   2054     NATIVE_METHOD(Posix, setreuid, "(II)V"),
   2055     NATIVE_METHOD(Posix, setsid, "()I"),
   2056     NATIVE_METHOD(Posix, setsockoptByte, "(Ljava/io/FileDescriptor;III)V"),
   2057     NATIVE_METHOD(Posix, setsockoptIfreq, "(Ljava/io/FileDescriptor;IILjava/lang/String;)V"),
   2058     NATIVE_METHOD(Posix, setsockoptInt, "(Ljava/io/FileDescriptor;III)V"),
   2059     NATIVE_METHOD(Posix, setsockoptIpMreqn, "(Ljava/io/FileDescriptor;III)V"),
   2060     NATIVE_METHOD(Posix, setsockoptGroupReq, "(Ljava/io/FileDescriptor;IILandroid/system/StructGroupReq;)V"),
   2061     NATIVE_METHOD(Posix, setsockoptGroupSourceReq, "(Ljava/io/FileDescriptor;IILandroid/system/StructGroupSourceReq;)V"),
   2062     NATIVE_METHOD(Posix, setsockoptLinger, "(Ljava/io/FileDescriptor;IILandroid/system/StructLinger;)V"),
   2063     NATIVE_METHOD(Posix, setsockoptTimeval, "(Ljava/io/FileDescriptor;IILandroid/system/StructTimeval;)V"),
   2064     NATIVE_METHOD(Posix, setuid, "(I)V"),
   2065     NATIVE_METHOD(Posix, setxattr, "(Ljava/lang/String;Ljava/lang/String;[BI)V"),
   2066     NATIVE_METHOD(Posix, shutdown, "(Ljava/io/FileDescriptor;I)V"),
   2067     NATIVE_METHOD(Posix, socket, "(III)Ljava/io/FileDescriptor;"),
   2068     NATIVE_METHOD(Posix, socketpair, "(IIILjava/io/FileDescriptor;Ljava/io/FileDescriptor;)V"),
   2069     NATIVE_METHOD(Posix, stat, "(Ljava/lang/String;)Landroid/system/StructStat;"),
   2070     NATIVE_METHOD(Posix, statvfs, "(Ljava/lang/String;)Landroid/system/StructStatVfs;"),
   2071     NATIVE_METHOD(Posix, strerror, "(I)Ljava/lang/String;"),
   2072     NATIVE_METHOD(Posix, strsignal, "(I)Ljava/lang/String;"),
   2073     NATIVE_METHOD(Posix, symlink, "(Ljava/lang/String;Ljava/lang/String;)V"),
   2074     NATIVE_METHOD(Posix, sysconf, "(I)J"),
   2075     NATIVE_METHOD(Posix, tcdrain, "(Ljava/io/FileDescriptor;)V"),
   2076     NATIVE_METHOD(Posix, tcsendbreak, "(Ljava/io/FileDescriptor;I)V"),
   2077     NATIVE_METHOD(Posix, umaskImpl, "(I)I"),
   2078     NATIVE_METHOD(Posix, uname, "()Landroid/system/StructUtsname;"),
   2079     NATIVE_METHOD(Posix, unlink, "(Ljava/lang/String;)V"),
   2080     NATIVE_METHOD(Posix, unsetenv, "(Ljava/lang/String;)V"),
   2081     NATIVE_METHOD(Posix, waitpid, "(ILandroid/util/MutableInt;I)I"),
   2082     NATIVE_METHOD(Posix, writeBytes, "(Ljava/io/FileDescriptor;Ljava/lang/Object;II)I"),
   2083     NATIVE_METHOD(Posix, writev, "(Ljava/io/FileDescriptor;[Ljava/lang/Object;[I[I)I"),
   2084 };
   2085 void register_libcore_io_Posix(JNIEnv* env) {
   2086     jniRegisterNativeMethods(env, "libcore/io/Posix", gMethods, NELEM(gMethods));
   2087 }
   2088