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      1 /*-
      2  * This code is derived from OpenBSD's libc/regex, original license follows:
      3  *
      4  * Copyright (c) 1992, 1993, 1994 Henry Spencer.
      5  * Copyright (c) 1992, 1993, 1994
      6  *	The Regents of the University of California.  All rights reserved.
      7  *
      8  * This code is derived from software contributed to Berkeley by
      9  * Henry Spencer.
     10  *
     11  * Redistribution and use in source and binary forms, with or without
     12  * modification, are permitted provided that the following conditions
     13  * are met:
     14  * 1. Redistributions of source code must retain the above copyright
     15  *    notice, this list of conditions and the following disclaimer.
     16  * 2. Redistributions in binary form must reproduce the above copyright
     17  *    notice, this list of conditions and the following disclaimer in the
     18  *    documentation and/or other materials provided with the distribution.
     19  * 3. Neither the name of the University nor the names of its contributors
     20  *    may be used to endorse or promote products derived from this software
     21  *    without specific prior written permission.
     22  *
     23  * THIS SOFTWARE IS PROVIDED BY THE REGENTS AND CONTRIBUTORS ``AS IS'' AND
     24  * ANY EXPRESS OR IMPLIED WARRANTIES, INCLUDING, BUT NOT LIMITED TO, THE
     25  * IMPLIED WARRANTIES OF MERCHANTABILITY AND FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE
     26  * ARE DISCLAIMED.  IN NO EVENT SHALL THE REGENTS OR CONTRIBUTORS BE LIABLE
     27  * FOR ANY DIRECT, INDIRECT, INCIDENTAL, SPECIAL, EXEMPLARY, OR CONSEQUENTIAL
     28  * DAMAGES (INCLUDING, BUT NOT LIMITED TO, PROCUREMENT OF SUBSTITUTE GOODS
     29  * OR SERVICES; LOSS OF USE, DATA, OR PROFITS; OR BUSINESS INTERRUPTION)
     30  * HOWEVER CAUSED AND ON ANY THEORY OF LIABILITY, WHETHER IN CONTRACT, STRICT
     31  * LIABILITY, OR TORT (INCLUDING NEGLIGENCE OR OTHERWISE) ARISING IN ANY WAY
     32  * OUT OF THE USE OF THIS SOFTWARE, EVEN IF ADVISED OF THE POSSIBILITY OF
     33  * SUCH DAMAGE.
     34  *
     35  *	@(#)engine.c	8.5 (Berkeley) 3/20/94
     36  */
     37 
     38 /*
     39  * The matching engine and friends.  This file is #included by regexec.c
     40  * after suitable #defines of a variety of macros used herein, so that
     41  * different state representations can be used without duplicating masses
     42  * of code.
     43  */
     44 
     45 #ifdef SNAMES
     46 #define	matcher	smatcher
     47 #define	fast	sfast
     48 #define	slow	sslow
     49 #define	dissect	sdissect
     50 #define	backref	sbackref
     51 #define	step	sstep
     52 #define	print	sprint
     53 #define	at	sat
     54 #define	match	smat
     55 #define	nope	snope
     56 #endif
     57 #ifdef LNAMES
     58 #define	matcher	lmatcher
     59 #define	fast	lfast
     60 #define	slow	lslow
     61 #define	dissect	ldissect
     62 #define	backref	lbackref
     63 #define	step	lstep
     64 #define	print	lprint
     65 #define	at	lat
     66 #define	match	lmat
     67 #define	nope	lnope
     68 #endif
     69 
     70 /* another structure passed up and down to avoid zillions of parameters */
     71 struct match {
     72 	struct re_guts *g;
     73 	int eflags;
     74 	llvm_regmatch_t *pmatch;	/* [nsub+1] (0 element unused) */
     75 	const char *offp;		/* offsets work from here */
     76 	const char *beginp;		/* start of string -- virtual NUL precedes */
     77 	const char *endp;		/* end of string -- virtual NUL here */
     78 	const char *coldp;		/* can be no match starting before here */
     79 	const char **lastpos;		/* [nplus+1] */
     80 	STATEVARS;
     81 	states st;		/* current states */
     82 	states fresh;		/* states for a fresh start */
     83 	states tmp;		/* temporary */
     84 	states empty;		/* empty set of states */
     85 };
     86 
     87 static int matcher(struct re_guts *, const char *, size_t,
     88                    llvm_regmatch_t[], int);
     89 static const char *dissect(struct match *, const char *, const char *, sopno,
     90                            sopno);
     91 static const char *backref(struct match *, const char *, const char *, sopno,
     92                            sopno, sopno, int);
     93 static const char *fast(struct match *, const char *, const char *, sopno, sopno);
     94 static const char *slow(struct match *, const char *, const char *, sopno, sopno);
     95 static states step(struct re_guts *, sopno, sopno, states, int, states);
     96 #define MAX_RECURSION	100
     97 #define	BOL	(OUT+1)
     98 #define	EOL	(BOL+1)
     99 #define	BOLEOL	(BOL+2)
    100 #define	NOTHING	(BOL+3)
    101 #define	BOW	(BOL+4)
    102 #define	EOW	(BOL+5)
    103 #define	CODEMAX	(BOL+5)		/* highest code used */
    104 #define	NONCHAR(c)	((c) > CHAR_MAX)
    105 #define	NNONCHAR	(CODEMAX-CHAR_MAX)
    106 #ifdef REDEBUG
    107 static void print(struct match *, char *, states, int, FILE *);
    108 #endif
    109 #ifdef REDEBUG
    110 static void at(struct match *, char *, char *, char *, sopno, sopno);
    111 #endif
    112 #ifdef REDEBUG
    113 static char *pchar(int);
    114 #endif
    115 
    116 #ifdef REDEBUG
    117 #define	SP(t, s, c)	print(m, t, s, c, stdout)
    118 #define	AT(t, p1, p2, s1, s2)	at(m, t, p1, p2, s1, s2)
    119 #define	NOTE(str)	{ if (m->eflags&REG_TRACE) (void)printf("=%s\n", (str)); }
    120 static int nope = 0;
    121 #else
    122 #define	SP(t, s, c)	/* nothing */
    123 #define	AT(t, p1, p2, s1, s2)	/* nothing */
    124 #define	NOTE(s)	/* nothing */
    125 #endif
    126 
    127 /*
    128  - matcher - the actual matching engine
    129  */
    130 static int			/* 0 success, REG_NOMATCH failure */
    131 matcher(struct re_guts *g, const char *string, size_t nmatch,
    132         llvm_regmatch_t pmatch[],
    133     int eflags)
    134 {
    135 	const char *endp;
    136 	size_t i;
    137 	struct match mv;
    138 	struct match *m = &mv;
    139 	const char *dp;
    140 	const sopno gf = g->firststate+1;	/* +1 for OEND */
    141 	const sopno gl = g->laststate;
    142 	const char *start;
    143 	const char *stop;
    144 
    145 	/* simplify the situation where possible */
    146 	if (g->cflags&REG_NOSUB)
    147 		nmatch = 0;
    148 	if (eflags&REG_STARTEND) {
    149 		start = string + pmatch[0].rm_so;
    150 		stop = string + pmatch[0].rm_eo;
    151 	} else {
    152 		start = string;
    153 		stop = start + strlen(start);
    154 	}
    155 	if (stop < start)
    156 		return(REG_INVARG);
    157 
    158 	/* prescreening; this does wonders for this rather slow code */
    159 	if (g->must != NULL) {
    160 		for (dp = start; dp < stop; dp++)
    161 			if (*dp == g->must[0] && stop - dp >= g->mlen &&
    162 				memcmp(dp, g->must, (size_t)g->mlen) == 0)
    163 				break;
    164 		if (dp == stop)		/* we didn't find g->must */
    165 			return(REG_NOMATCH);
    166 	}
    167 
    168 	/* match struct setup */
    169 	m->g = g;
    170 	m->eflags = eflags;
    171 	m->pmatch = NULL;
    172 	m->lastpos = NULL;
    173 	m->offp = string;
    174 	m->beginp = start;
    175 	m->endp = stop;
    176 	STATESETUP(m, 4);
    177 	SETUP(m->st);
    178 	SETUP(m->fresh);
    179 	SETUP(m->tmp);
    180 	SETUP(m->empty);
    181 	CLEAR(m->empty);
    182 
    183 	/* this loop does only one repetition except for backrefs */
    184 	for (;;) {
    185 		endp = fast(m, start, stop, gf, gl);
    186 		if (endp == NULL) {		/* a miss */
    187 			free(m->pmatch);
    188 			free((void*)m->lastpos);
    189 			STATETEARDOWN(m);
    190 			return(REG_NOMATCH);
    191 		}
    192 		if (nmatch == 0 && !g->backrefs)
    193 			break;		/* no further info needed */
    194 
    195 		/* where? */
    196 		assert(m->coldp != NULL);
    197 		for (;;) {
    198 			NOTE("finding start");
    199 			endp = slow(m, m->coldp, stop, gf, gl);
    200 			if (endp != NULL)
    201 				break;
    202 			assert(m->coldp < m->endp);
    203 			m->coldp++;
    204 		}
    205 		if (nmatch == 1 && !g->backrefs)
    206 			break;		/* no further info needed */
    207 
    208 		/* oh my, they want the subexpressions... */
    209 		if (m->pmatch == NULL)
    210 			m->pmatch = (llvm_regmatch_t *)malloc((m->g->nsub + 1) *
    211 							sizeof(llvm_regmatch_t));
    212 		if (m->pmatch == NULL) {
    213 			STATETEARDOWN(m);
    214 			return(REG_ESPACE);
    215 		}
    216 		for (i = 1; i <= m->g->nsub; i++)
    217 			m->pmatch[i].rm_so = m->pmatch[i].rm_eo = -1;
    218 		if (!g->backrefs && !(m->eflags&REG_BACKR)) {
    219 			NOTE("dissecting");
    220 			dp = dissect(m, m->coldp, endp, gf, gl);
    221 		} else {
    222 			if (g->nplus > 0 && m->lastpos == NULL)
    223 				m->lastpos = (const char **)malloc((g->nplus+1) *
    224 							sizeof(char *));
    225 			if (g->nplus > 0 && m->lastpos == NULL) {
    226 				free(m->pmatch);
    227 				STATETEARDOWN(m);
    228 				return(REG_ESPACE);
    229 			}
    230 			NOTE("backref dissect");
    231 			dp = backref(m, m->coldp, endp, gf, gl, (sopno)0, 0);
    232 		}
    233 		if (dp != NULL)
    234 			break;
    235 
    236 		/* uh-oh... we couldn't find a subexpression-level match */
    237 		assert(g->backrefs);	/* must be back references doing it */
    238 		assert(g->nplus == 0 || m->lastpos != NULL);
    239 		for (;;) {
    240 			if (dp != NULL || endp <= m->coldp)
    241 				break;		/* defeat */
    242 			NOTE("backoff");
    243 			endp = slow(m, m->coldp, endp-1, gf, gl);
    244 			if (endp == NULL)
    245 				break;		/* defeat */
    246 			/* try it on a shorter possibility */
    247 #ifndef NDEBUG
    248 			for (i = 1; i <= m->g->nsub; i++) {
    249 				assert(m->pmatch[i].rm_so == -1);
    250 				assert(m->pmatch[i].rm_eo == -1);
    251 			}
    252 #endif
    253 			NOTE("backoff dissect");
    254 			dp = backref(m, m->coldp, endp, gf, gl, (sopno)0, 0);
    255 		}
    256 		assert(dp == NULL || dp == endp);
    257 		if (dp != NULL)		/* found a shorter one */
    258 			break;
    259 
    260 		/* despite initial appearances, there is no match here */
    261 		NOTE("false alarm");
    262 		if (m->coldp == stop)
    263 			break;
    264 		start = m->coldp + 1;	/* recycle starting later */
    265 	}
    266 
    267 	/* fill in the details if requested */
    268 	if (nmatch > 0) {
    269 		pmatch[0].rm_so = m->coldp - m->offp;
    270 		pmatch[0].rm_eo = endp - m->offp;
    271 	}
    272 	if (nmatch > 1) {
    273 		assert(m->pmatch != NULL);
    274 		for (i = 1; i < nmatch; i++)
    275 			if (i <= m->g->nsub)
    276 				pmatch[i] = m->pmatch[i];
    277 			else {
    278 				pmatch[i].rm_so = -1;
    279 				pmatch[i].rm_eo = -1;
    280 			}
    281 	}
    282 
    283 	if (m->pmatch != NULL)
    284 		free((char *)m->pmatch);
    285 	if (m->lastpos != NULL)
    286 		free((char *)m->lastpos);
    287 	STATETEARDOWN(m);
    288 	return(0);
    289 }
    290 
    291 /*
    292  - dissect - figure out what matched what, no back references
    293  */
    294 static const char *			/* == stop (success) always */
    295 dissect(struct match *m, const char *start, const char *stop, sopno startst,
    296         sopno stopst)
    297 {
    298 	int i;
    299 	sopno ss;	/* start sop of current subRE */
    300 	sopno es;	/* end sop of current subRE */
    301 	const char *sp;	/* start of string matched by it */
    302 	const char *stp;	/* string matched by it cannot pass here */
    303 	const char *rest;	/* start of rest of string */
    304 	const char *tail;	/* string unmatched by rest of RE */
    305 	sopno ssub;	/* start sop of subsubRE */
    306 	sopno esub;	/* end sop of subsubRE */
    307 	const char *ssp;	/* start of string matched by subsubRE */
    308 	const char *sep;	/* end of string matched by subsubRE */
    309 	const char *oldssp;	/* previous ssp */
    310 
    311 	AT("diss", start, stop, startst, stopst);
    312 	sp = start;
    313 	for (ss = startst; ss < stopst; ss = es) {
    314 		/* identify end of subRE */
    315 		es = ss;
    316 		switch (OP(m->g->strip[es])) {
    317 		case OPLUS_:
    318 		case OQUEST_:
    319 			es += OPND(m->g->strip[es]);
    320 			break;
    321 		case OCH_:
    322 			while (OP(m->g->strip[es]) != O_CH)
    323 				es += OPND(m->g->strip[es]);
    324 			break;
    325 		}
    326 		es++;
    327 
    328 		/* figure out what it matched */
    329 		switch (OP(m->g->strip[ss])) {
    330 		case OEND:
    331 			assert(nope);
    332 			break;
    333 		case OCHAR:
    334 			sp++;
    335 			break;
    336 		case OBOL:
    337 		case OEOL:
    338 		case OBOW:
    339 		case OEOW:
    340 			break;
    341 		case OANY:
    342 		case OANYOF:
    343 			sp++;
    344 			break;
    345 		case OBACK_:
    346 		case O_BACK:
    347 			assert(nope);
    348 			break;
    349 		/* cases where length of match is hard to find */
    350 		case OQUEST_:
    351 			stp = stop;
    352 			for (;;) {
    353 				/* how long could this one be? */
    354 				rest = slow(m, sp, stp, ss, es);
    355 				assert(rest != NULL);	/* it did match */
    356 				/* could the rest match the rest? */
    357 				tail = slow(m, rest, stop, es, stopst);
    358 				if (tail == stop)
    359 					break;		/* yes! */
    360 				/* no -- try a shorter match for this one */
    361 				stp = rest - 1;
    362 				assert(stp >= sp);	/* it did work */
    363 			}
    364 			ssub = ss + 1;
    365 			esub = es - 1;
    366 			/* did innards match? */
    367 			if (slow(m, sp, rest, ssub, esub) != NULL) {
    368 				const char *dp = dissect(m, sp, rest, ssub, esub);
    369 				(void)dp; /* avoid warning if assertions off */
    370 				assert(dp == rest);
    371 			} else		/* no */
    372 				assert(sp == rest);
    373 			sp = rest;
    374 			break;
    375 		case OPLUS_:
    376 			stp = stop;
    377 			for (;;) {
    378 				/* how long could this one be? */
    379 				rest = slow(m, sp, stp, ss, es);
    380 				assert(rest != NULL);	/* it did match */
    381 				/* could the rest match the rest? */
    382 				tail = slow(m, rest, stop, es, stopst);
    383 				if (tail == stop)
    384 					break;		/* yes! */
    385 				/* no -- try a shorter match for this one */
    386 				stp = rest - 1;
    387 				assert(stp >= sp);	/* it did work */
    388 			}
    389 			ssub = ss + 1;
    390 			esub = es - 1;
    391 			ssp = sp;
    392 			oldssp = ssp;
    393 			for (;;) {	/* find last match of innards */
    394 				sep = slow(m, ssp, rest, ssub, esub);
    395 				if (sep == NULL || sep == ssp)
    396 					break;	/* failed or matched null */
    397 				oldssp = ssp;	/* on to next try */
    398 				ssp = sep;
    399 			}
    400 			if (sep == NULL) {
    401 				/* last successful match */
    402 				sep = ssp;
    403 				ssp = oldssp;
    404 			}
    405 			assert(sep == rest);	/* must exhaust substring */
    406 			assert(slow(m, ssp, sep, ssub, esub) == rest);
    407 			{
    408 				const char *dp = dissect(m, ssp, sep, ssub, esub);
    409 				(void)dp; /* avoid warning if assertions off */
    410 				assert(dp == sep);
    411 			}
    412 			sp = rest;
    413 			break;
    414 		case OCH_:
    415 			stp = stop;
    416 			for (;;) {
    417 				/* how long could this one be? */
    418 				rest = slow(m, sp, stp, ss, es);
    419 				assert(rest != NULL);	/* it did match */
    420 				/* could the rest match the rest? */
    421 				tail = slow(m, rest, stop, es, stopst);
    422 				if (tail == stop)
    423 					break;		/* yes! */
    424 				/* no -- try a shorter match for this one */
    425 				stp = rest - 1;
    426 				assert(stp >= sp);	/* it did work */
    427 			}
    428 			ssub = ss + 1;
    429 			esub = ss + OPND(m->g->strip[ss]) - 1;
    430 			assert(OP(m->g->strip[esub]) == OOR1);
    431 			for (;;) {	/* find first matching branch */
    432 				if (slow(m, sp, rest, ssub, esub) == rest)
    433 					break;	/* it matched all of it */
    434 				/* that one missed, try next one */
    435 				assert(OP(m->g->strip[esub]) == OOR1);
    436 				esub++;
    437 				assert(OP(m->g->strip[esub]) == OOR2);
    438 				ssub = esub + 1;
    439 				esub += OPND(m->g->strip[esub]);
    440 				if (OP(m->g->strip[esub]) == OOR2)
    441 					esub--;
    442 				else
    443 					assert(OP(m->g->strip[esub]) == O_CH);
    444 			}
    445 			{
    446 				const char *dp = dissect(m, sp, rest, ssub, esub);
    447 				(void)dp; /* avoid warning if assertions off */
    448 				assert(dp == rest);
    449 			}
    450 			sp = rest;
    451 			break;
    452 		case O_PLUS:
    453 		case O_QUEST:
    454 		case OOR1:
    455 		case OOR2:
    456 		case O_CH:
    457 			assert(nope);
    458 			break;
    459 		case OLPAREN:
    460 			i = OPND(m->g->strip[ss]);
    461 			assert(0 < i && i <= m->g->nsub);
    462 			m->pmatch[i].rm_so = sp - m->offp;
    463 			break;
    464 		case ORPAREN:
    465 			i = OPND(m->g->strip[ss]);
    466 			assert(0 < i && i <= m->g->nsub);
    467 			m->pmatch[i].rm_eo = sp - m->offp;
    468 			break;
    469 		default:		/* uh oh */
    470 			assert(nope);
    471 			break;
    472 		}
    473 	}
    474 
    475 	assert(sp == stop);
    476 	return(sp);
    477 }
    478 
    479 /*
    480  - backref - figure out what matched what, figuring in back references
    481  */
    482 static const char *			/* == stop (success) or NULL (failure) */
    483 backref(struct match *m, const char *start, const char *stop, sopno startst,
    484         sopno stopst, sopno lev, int rec)			/* PLUS nesting level */
    485 {
    486 	int i;
    487 	sopno ss;	/* start sop of current subRE */
    488 	const char *sp;	/* start of string matched by it */
    489 	sopno ssub;	/* start sop of subsubRE */
    490 	sopno esub;	/* end sop of subsubRE */
    491 	const char *ssp;	/* start of string matched by subsubRE */
    492 	const char *dp;
    493 	size_t len;
    494 	int hard;
    495 	sop s;
    496 	llvm_regoff_t offsave;
    497 	cset *cs;
    498 
    499 	AT("back", start, stop, startst, stopst);
    500 	sp = start;
    501 
    502 	/* get as far as we can with easy stuff */
    503 	hard = 0;
    504 	for (ss = startst; !hard && ss < stopst; ss++)
    505 		switch (OP(s = m->g->strip[ss])) {
    506 		case OCHAR:
    507 			if (sp == stop || *sp++ != (char)OPND(s))
    508 				return(NULL);
    509 			break;
    510 		case OANY:
    511 			if (sp == stop)
    512 				return(NULL);
    513 			sp++;
    514 			break;
    515 		case OANYOF:
    516 			cs = &m->g->sets[OPND(s)];
    517 			if (sp == stop || !CHIN(cs, *sp++))
    518 				return(NULL);
    519 			break;
    520 		case OBOL:
    521 			if ( (sp == m->beginp && !(m->eflags&REG_NOTBOL)) ||
    522 					(sp < m->endp && *(sp-1) == '\n' &&
    523 						(m->g->cflags&REG_NEWLINE)) )
    524 				{ /* yes */ }
    525 			else
    526 				return(NULL);
    527 			break;
    528 		case OEOL:
    529 			if ( (sp == m->endp && !(m->eflags&REG_NOTEOL)) ||
    530 					(sp < m->endp && *sp == '\n' &&
    531 						(m->g->cflags&REG_NEWLINE)) )
    532 				{ /* yes */ }
    533 			else
    534 				return(NULL);
    535 			break;
    536 		case OBOW:
    537 			if (( (sp == m->beginp && !(m->eflags&REG_NOTBOL)) ||
    538 					(sp < m->endp && *(sp-1) == '\n' &&
    539 						(m->g->cflags&REG_NEWLINE)) ||
    540 					(sp > m->beginp &&
    541 							!ISWORD(*(sp-1))) ) &&
    542 					(sp < m->endp && ISWORD(*sp)) )
    543 				{ /* yes */ }
    544 			else
    545 				return(NULL);
    546 			break;
    547 		case OEOW:
    548 			if (( (sp == m->endp && !(m->eflags&REG_NOTEOL)) ||
    549 					(sp < m->endp && *sp == '\n' &&
    550 						(m->g->cflags&REG_NEWLINE)) ||
    551 					(sp < m->endp && !ISWORD(*sp)) ) &&
    552 					(sp > m->beginp && ISWORD(*(sp-1))) )
    553 				{ /* yes */ }
    554 			else
    555 				return(NULL);
    556 			break;
    557 		case O_QUEST:
    558 			break;
    559 		case OOR1:	/* matches null but needs to skip */
    560 			ss++;
    561 			s = m->g->strip[ss];
    562 			do {
    563 				assert(OP(s) == OOR2);
    564 				ss += OPND(s);
    565 			} while (OP(s = m->g->strip[ss]) != O_CH);
    566 			/* note that the ss++ gets us past the O_CH */
    567 			break;
    568 		default:	/* have to make a choice */
    569 			hard = 1;
    570 			break;
    571 		}
    572 	if (!hard) {		/* that was it! */
    573 		if (sp != stop)
    574 			return(NULL);
    575 		return(sp);
    576 	}
    577 	ss--;			/* adjust for the for's final increment */
    578 
    579 	/* the hard stuff */
    580 	AT("hard", sp, stop, ss, stopst);
    581 	s = m->g->strip[ss];
    582 	switch (OP(s)) {
    583 	case OBACK_:		/* the vilest depths */
    584 		i = OPND(s);
    585 		assert(0 < i && i <= m->g->nsub);
    586 		if (m->pmatch[i].rm_eo == -1)
    587 			return(NULL);
    588 		assert(m->pmatch[i].rm_so != -1);
    589 		len = m->pmatch[i].rm_eo - m->pmatch[i].rm_so;
    590 		if (len == 0 && rec++ > MAX_RECURSION)
    591 			return(NULL);
    592 		assert(stop - m->beginp >= len);
    593 		if (sp > stop - len)
    594 			return(NULL);	/* not enough left to match */
    595 		ssp = m->offp + m->pmatch[i].rm_so;
    596 		if (memcmp(sp, ssp, len) != 0)
    597 			return(NULL);
    598 		while (m->g->strip[ss] != SOP(O_BACK, i))
    599 			ss++;
    600 		return(backref(m, sp+len, stop, ss+1, stopst, lev, rec));
    601 		break;
    602 	case OQUEST_:		/* to null or not */
    603 		dp = backref(m, sp, stop, ss+1, stopst, lev, rec);
    604 		if (dp != NULL)
    605 			return(dp);	/* not */
    606 		return(backref(m, sp, stop, ss+OPND(s)+1, stopst, lev, rec));
    607 		break;
    608 	case OPLUS_:
    609 		assert(m->lastpos != NULL);
    610 		assert(lev+1 <= m->g->nplus);
    611 		m->lastpos[lev+1] = sp;
    612 		return(backref(m, sp, stop, ss+1, stopst, lev+1, rec));
    613 		break;
    614 	case O_PLUS:
    615 		if (sp == m->lastpos[lev])	/* last pass matched null */
    616 			return(backref(m, sp, stop, ss+1, stopst, lev-1, rec));
    617 		/* try another pass */
    618 		m->lastpos[lev] = sp;
    619 		dp = backref(m, sp, stop, ss-OPND(s)+1, stopst, lev, rec);
    620 		if (dp == NULL)
    621 			return(backref(m, sp, stop, ss+1, stopst, lev-1, rec));
    622 		else
    623 			return(dp);
    624 		break;
    625 	case OCH_:		/* find the right one, if any */
    626 		ssub = ss + 1;
    627 		esub = ss + OPND(s) - 1;
    628 		assert(OP(m->g->strip[esub]) == OOR1);
    629 		for (;;) {	/* find first matching branch */
    630 			dp = backref(m, sp, stop, ssub, esub, lev, rec);
    631 			if (dp != NULL)
    632 				return(dp);
    633 			/* that one missed, try next one */
    634 			if (OP(m->g->strip[esub]) == O_CH)
    635 				return(NULL);	/* there is none */
    636 			esub++;
    637 			assert(OP(m->g->strip[esub]) == OOR2);
    638 			ssub = esub + 1;
    639 			esub += OPND(m->g->strip[esub]);
    640 			if (OP(m->g->strip[esub]) == OOR2)
    641 				esub--;
    642 			else
    643 				assert(OP(m->g->strip[esub]) == O_CH);
    644 		}
    645 		break;
    646 	case OLPAREN:		/* must undo assignment if rest fails */
    647 		i = OPND(s);
    648 		assert(0 < i && i <= m->g->nsub);
    649 		offsave = m->pmatch[i].rm_so;
    650 		m->pmatch[i].rm_so = sp - m->offp;
    651 		dp = backref(m, sp, stop, ss+1, stopst, lev, rec);
    652 		if (dp != NULL)
    653 			return(dp);
    654 		m->pmatch[i].rm_so = offsave;
    655 		return(NULL);
    656 		break;
    657 	case ORPAREN:		/* must undo assignment if rest fails */
    658 		i = OPND(s);
    659 		assert(0 < i && i <= m->g->nsub);
    660 		offsave = m->pmatch[i].rm_eo;
    661 		m->pmatch[i].rm_eo = sp - m->offp;
    662 		dp = backref(m, sp, stop, ss+1, stopst, lev, rec);
    663 		if (dp != NULL)
    664 			return(dp);
    665 		m->pmatch[i].rm_eo = offsave;
    666 		return(NULL);
    667 		break;
    668 	default:		/* uh oh */
    669 		assert(nope);
    670 		break;
    671 	}
    672 
    673 	/* "can't happen" */
    674 	assert(nope);
    675 	/* NOTREACHED */
    676         return NULL;
    677 }
    678 
    679 /*
    680  - fast - step through the string at top speed
    681  */
    682 static const char *			/* where tentative match ended, or NULL */
    683 fast(struct match *m, const char *start, const char *stop, sopno startst,
    684      sopno stopst)
    685 {
    686 	states st = m->st;
    687 	states fresh = m->fresh;
    688 	states tmp = m->tmp;
    689 	const char *p = start;
    690 	int c = (start == m->beginp) ? OUT : *(start-1);
    691 	int lastc;	/* previous c */
    692 	int flagch;
    693 	int i;
    694 	const char *coldp;	/* last p after which no match was underway */
    695 
    696 	CLEAR(st);
    697 	SET1(st, startst);
    698 	st = step(m->g, startst, stopst, st, NOTHING, st);
    699 	ASSIGN(fresh, st);
    700 	SP("start", st, *p);
    701 	coldp = NULL;
    702 	for (;;) {
    703 		/* next character */
    704 		lastc = c;
    705 		c = (p == m->endp) ? OUT : *p;
    706 		if (EQ(st, fresh))
    707 			coldp = p;
    708 
    709 		/* is there an EOL and/or BOL between lastc and c? */
    710 		flagch = '\0';
    711 		i = 0;
    712 		if ( (lastc == '\n' && m->g->cflags&REG_NEWLINE) ||
    713 				(lastc == OUT && !(m->eflags&REG_NOTBOL)) ) {
    714 			flagch = BOL;
    715 			i = m->g->nbol;
    716 		}
    717 		if ( (c == '\n' && m->g->cflags&REG_NEWLINE) ||
    718 				(c == OUT && !(m->eflags&REG_NOTEOL)) ) {
    719 			flagch = (flagch == BOL) ? BOLEOL : EOL;
    720 			i += m->g->neol;
    721 		}
    722 		if (i != 0) {
    723 			for (; i > 0; i--)
    724 				st = step(m->g, startst, stopst, st, flagch, st);
    725 			SP("boleol", st, c);
    726 		}
    727 
    728 		/* how about a word boundary? */
    729 		if ( (flagch == BOL || (lastc != OUT && !ISWORD(lastc))) &&
    730 					(c != OUT && ISWORD(c)) ) {
    731 			flagch = BOW;
    732 		}
    733 		if ( (lastc != OUT && ISWORD(lastc)) &&
    734 				(flagch == EOL || (c != OUT && !ISWORD(c))) ) {
    735 			flagch = EOW;
    736 		}
    737 		if (flagch == BOW || flagch == EOW) {
    738 			st = step(m->g, startst, stopst, st, flagch, st);
    739 			SP("boweow", st, c);
    740 		}
    741 
    742 		/* are we done? */
    743 		if (ISSET(st, stopst) || p == stop)
    744 			break;		/* NOTE BREAK OUT */
    745 
    746 		/* no, we must deal with this character */
    747 		ASSIGN(tmp, st);
    748 		ASSIGN(st, fresh);
    749 		assert(c != OUT);
    750 		st = step(m->g, startst, stopst, tmp, c, st);
    751 		SP("aft", st, c);
    752 		assert(EQ(step(m->g, startst, stopst, st, NOTHING, st), st));
    753 		p++;
    754 	}
    755 
    756 	assert(coldp != NULL);
    757 	m->coldp = coldp;
    758 	if (ISSET(st, stopst))
    759 		return(p+1);
    760 	else
    761 		return(NULL);
    762 }
    763 
    764 /*
    765  - slow - step through the string more deliberately
    766  */
    767 static const char *			/* where it ended */
    768 slow(struct match *m, const char *start, const char *stop, sopno startst,
    769      sopno stopst)
    770 {
    771 	states st = m->st;
    772 	states empty = m->empty;
    773 	states tmp = m->tmp;
    774 	const char *p = start;
    775 	int c = (start == m->beginp) ? OUT : *(start-1);
    776 	int lastc;	/* previous c */
    777 	int flagch;
    778 	int i;
    779 	const char *matchp;	/* last p at which a match ended */
    780 
    781 	AT("slow", start, stop, startst, stopst);
    782 	CLEAR(st);
    783 	SET1(st, startst);
    784 	SP("sstart", st, *p);
    785 	st = step(m->g, startst, stopst, st, NOTHING, st);
    786 	matchp = NULL;
    787 	for (;;) {
    788 		/* next character */
    789 		lastc = c;
    790 		c = (p == m->endp) ? OUT : *p;
    791 
    792 		/* is there an EOL and/or BOL between lastc and c? */
    793 		flagch = '\0';
    794 		i = 0;
    795 		if ( (lastc == '\n' && m->g->cflags&REG_NEWLINE) ||
    796 				(lastc == OUT && !(m->eflags&REG_NOTBOL)) ) {
    797 			flagch = BOL;
    798 			i = m->g->nbol;
    799 		}
    800 		if ( (c == '\n' && m->g->cflags&REG_NEWLINE) ||
    801 				(c == OUT && !(m->eflags&REG_NOTEOL)) ) {
    802 			flagch = (flagch == BOL) ? BOLEOL : EOL;
    803 			i += m->g->neol;
    804 		}
    805 		if (i != 0) {
    806 			for (; i > 0; i--)
    807 				st = step(m->g, startst, stopst, st, flagch, st);
    808 			SP("sboleol", st, c);
    809 		}
    810 
    811 		/* how about a word boundary? */
    812 		if ( (flagch == BOL || (lastc != OUT && !ISWORD(lastc))) &&
    813 					(c != OUT && ISWORD(c)) ) {
    814 			flagch = BOW;
    815 		}
    816 		if ( (lastc != OUT && ISWORD(lastc)) &&
    817 				(flagch == EOL || (c != OUT && !ISWORD(c))) ) {
    818 			flagch = EOW;
    819 		}
    820 		if (flagch == BOW || flagch == EOW) {
    821 			st = step(m->g, startst, stopst, st, flagch, st);
    822 			SP("sboweow", st, c);
    823 		}
    824 
    825 		/* are we done? */
    826 		if (ISSET(st, stopst))
    827 			matchp = p;
    828 		if (EQ(st, empty) || p == stop)
    829 			break;		/* NOTE BREAK OUT */
    830 
    831 		/* no, we must deal with this character */
    832 		ASSIGN(tmp, st);
    833 		ASSIGN(st, empty);
    834 		assert(c != OUT);
    835 		st = step(m->g, startst, stopst, tmp, c, st);
    836 		SP("saft", st, c);
    837 		assert(EQ(step(m->g, startst, stopst, st, NOTHING, st), st));
    838 		p++;
    839 	}
    840 
    841 	return(matchp);
    842 }
    843 
    844 
    845 /*
    846  - step - map set of states reachable before char to set reachable after
    847  */
    848 static states
    849 step(struct re_guts *g,
    850     sopno start,		/* start state within strip */
    851     sopno stop,			/* state after stop state within strip */
    852     states bef,			/* states reachable before */
    853     int ch,			/* character or NONCHAR code */
    854     states aft)			/* states already known reachable after */
    855 {
    856 	cset *cs;
    857 	sop s;
    858 	sopno pc;
    859 	onestate here;		/* note, macros know this name */
    860 	sopno look;
    861 	int i;
    862 
    863 	for (pc = start, INIT(here, pc); pc != stop; pc++, INC(here)) {
    864 		s = g->strip[pc];
    865 		switch (OP(s)) {
    866 		case OEND:
    867 			assert(pc == stop-1);
    868 			break;
    869 		case OCHAR:
    870 			/* only characters can match */
    871 			assert(!NONCHAR(ch) || ch != (char)OPND(s));
    872 			if (ch == (char)OPND(s))
    873 				FWD(aft, bef, 1);
    874 			break;
    875 		case OBOL:
    876 			if (ch == BOL || ch == BOLEOL)
    877 				FWD(aft, bef, 1);
    878 			break;
    879 		case OEOL:
    880 			if (ch == EOL || ch == BOLEOL)
    881 				FWD(aft, bef, 1);
    882 			break;
    883 		case OBOW:
    884 			if (ch == BOW)
    885 				FWD(aft, bef, 1);
    886 			break;
    887 		case OEOW:
    888 			if (ch == EOW)
    889 				FWD(aft, bef, 1);
    890 			break;
    891 		case OANY:
    892 			if (!NONCHAR(ch))
    893 				FWD(aft, bef, 1);
    894 			break;
    895 		case OANYOF:
    896 			cs = &g->sets[OPND(s)];
    897 			if (!NONCHAR(ch) && CHIN(cs, ch))
    898 				FWD(aft, bef, 1);
    899 			break;
    900 		case OBACK_:		/* ignored here */
    901 		case O_BACK:
    902 			FWD(aft, aft, 1);
    903 			break;
    904 		case OPLUS_:		/* forward, this is just an empty */
    905 			FWD(aft, aft, 1);
    906 			break;
    907 		case O_PLUS:		/* both forward and back */
    908 			FWD(aft, aft, 1);
    909 			i = ISSETBACK(aft, OPND(s));
    910 			BACK(aft, aft, OPND(s));
    911 			if (!i && ISSETBACK(aft, OPND(s))) {
    912 				/* oho, must reconsider loop body */
    913 				pc -= OPND(s) + 1;
    914 				INIT(here, pc);
    915 			}
    916 			break;
    917 		case OQUEST_:		/* two branches, both forward */
    918 			FWD(aft, aft, 1);
    919 			FWD(aft, aft, OPND(s));
    920 			break;
    921 		case O_QUEST:		/* just an empty */
    922 			FWD(aft, aft, 1);
    923 			break;
    924 		case OLPAREN:		/* not significant here */
    925 		case ORPAREN:
    926 			FWD(aft, aft, 1);
    927 			break;
    928 		case OCH_:		/* mark the first two branches */
    929 			FWD(aft, aft, 1);
    930 			assert(OP(g->strip[pc+OPND(s)]) == OOR2);
    931 			FWD(aft, aft, OPND(s));
    932 			break;
    933 		case OOR1:		/* done a branch, find the O_CH */
    934 			if (ISSTATEIN(aft, here)) {
    935 				for (look = 1;
    936 						OP(s = g->strip[pc+look]) != O_CH;
    937 						look += OPND(s))
    938 					assert(OP(s) == OOR2);
    939 				FWD(aft, aft, look);
    940 			}
    941 			break;
    942 		case OOR2:		/* propagate OCH_'s marking */
    943 			FWD(aft, aft, 1);
    944 			if (OP(g->strip[pc+OPND(s)]) != O_CH) {
    945 				assert(OP(g->strip[pc+OPND(s)]) == OOR2);
    946 				FWD(aft, aft, OPND(s));
    947 			}
    948 			break;
    949 		case O_CH:		/* just empty */
    950 			FWD(aft, aft, 1);
    951 			break;
    952 		default:		/* ooooops... */
    953 			assert(nope);
    954 			break;
    955 		}
    956 	}
    957 
    958 	return(aft);
    959 }
    960 
    961 #ifdef REDEBUG
    962 /*
    963  - print - print a set of states
    964  */
    965 static void
    966 print(struct match *m, char *caption, states st, int ch, FILE *d)
    967 {
    968 	struct re_guts *g = m->g;
    969 	int i;
    970 	int first = 1;
    971 
    972 	if (!(m->eflags&REG_TRACE))
    973 		return;
    974 
    975 	(void)fprintf(d, "%s", caption);
    976 	if (ch != '\0')
    977 		(void)fprintf(d, " %s", pchar(ch));
    978 	for (i = 0; i < g->nstates; i++)
    979 		if (ISSET(st, i)) {
    980 			(void)fprintf(d, "%s%d", (first) ? "\t" : ", ", i);
    981 			first = 0;
    982 		}
    983 	(void)fprintf(d, "\n");
    984 }
    985 
    986 /*
    987  - at - print current situation
    988  */
    989 static void
    990 at(struct match *m, char *title, char *start, char *stop, sopno startst,
    991     sopno stopst)
    992 {
    993 	if (!(m->eflags&REG_TRACE))
    994 		return;
    995 
    996 	(void)printf("%s %s-", title, pchar(*start));
    997 	(void)printf("%s ", pchar(*stop));
    998 	(void)printf("%ld-%ld\n", (long)startst, (long)stopst);
    999 }
   1000 
   1001 #ifndef PCHARDONE
   1002 #define	PCHARDONE	/* never again */
   1003 /*
   1004  - pchar - make a character printable
   1005  *
   1006  * Is this identical to regchar() over in debug.c?  Well, yes.  But a
   1007  * duplicate here avoids having a debugging-capable regexec.o tied to
   1008  * a matching debug.o, and this is convenient.  It all disappears in
   1009  * the non-debug compilation anyway, so it doesn't matter much.
   1010  */
   1011 static char *			/* -> representation */
   1012 pchar(int ch)
   1013 {
   1014 	static char pbuf[10];
   1015 
   1016 	if (isprint(ch) || ch == ' ')
   1017 		(void)snprintf(pbuf, sizeof pbuf, "%c", ch);
   1018 	else
   1019 		(void)snprintf(pbuf, sizeof pbuf, "\\%o", ch);
   1020 	return(pbuf);
   1021 }
   1022 #endif
   1023 #endif
   1024 
   1025 #undef	matcher
   1026 #undef	fast
   1027 #undef	slow
   1028 #undef	dissect
   1029 #undef	backref
   1030 #undef	step
   1031 #undef	print
   1032 #undef	at
   1033 #undef	match
   1034 #undef	nope
   1035