1 page.title= 2 page.tags= , 3 4 @jd:body 5 6 <div id="qv-wrapper"> 7 <div id="qv"> 8 9 <h2> </h2> 10 <ol> 11 <li><a href="#Processes"></a> 12 <ol> 13 <li><a href="#Lifecycle"> </a></li> 14 </ol> 15 </li> 16 <li><a href="#Threads"></a> 17 <ol> 18 <li><a href="#WorkerThreads"> </a></li> 19 <li><a href="#ThreadSafe"> </a></li> 20 </ol> 21 </li> 22 <li><a href="#IPC"> </a></li> 23 </ol> 24 25 </div> 26 </div> 27 28 <p> 29 Android Linux 30 . 31 ("" ). ( ) 32 33 . 34 , 35 .</p> 36 37 <p> Android .</p> 38 39 40 <h2 id="Processes"></h2> 41 42 <p> , 43 . 44 .</p> 45 46 <p> —<a href="{@docRoot}guide/topics/manifest/activity-element.html">{@code 47 <activity>}</a> <a href="{@docRoot}guide/topics/manifest/service-element.html">{@code 48 <service>}</a>, <a href="{@docRoot}guide/topics/manifest/receiver-element.html">{@code 49 <receiver>}</a> <a href="{@docRoot}guide/topics/manifest/provider-element.html">{@code 50 <provider>}</a>— {@code android:process} . 51 52 , 53 {@code android:process} . 54 , Linux ID 55 .</p> 56 57 <p><a href="{@docRoot}guide/topics/manifest/application-element.html">{@code 58 <application>}</a> {@code android:process} , 59 .</p> 60 61 <p>Android . , 62 . 63 . 64 .</p> 65 66 <p> , Android 67 . , 68 . 69 . 70 . </p> 71 72 73 <h3 id="Lifecycle"> </h3> 74 75 <p>Android , 76 . 77 78 79 " " . 80 , 81 .</p> 82 83 <p> . 84 ( <em> </em> 85 <em> )</em>.</p> 86 87 <ol> 88 <li><b> </b> 89 <p> . 90 .</p> 91 92 <ul> 93 <li> {@link android.app.Activity} ({@link 94 android.app.Activity} {@link android.app.Activity#onResume onResume()} 95 ).</li> 96 97 <li> {@link android.app.Service} . 98 </li> 99 100 <li>"" {@link android.app.Service} ( 101 {@link android.app.Service#startForeground startForeground()} ). 102 103 <li> {@link android.app.Service} 104 ({@link android.app.Service#onCreate onCreate()}, {@link android.app.Service#onStart 105 onStart()} {@link android.app.Service#onDestroy onDestroy()}).</li> 106 107 <li>{@link 108 android.content.BroadcastReceiver#onReceive onReceive()} {@link android.content.BroadcastReceiver} .</li> 109 </ul> 110 111 <p>, . 112 . , . 113 114 .</p></li> 115 116 <li><b> </b> 117 <p> 118 . 119 .</p> 120 121 <ul> 122 <li> {@link android.app.Activity} 123 ({@link android.app.Activity#onPause onPause()} ). 124 125 .</li> 126 127 <li> ( ) {@link android.app.Service} . 128 </li> 129 </ul> 130 131 <p> 132 . </p> 133 </li> 134 135 <li><b> </b> 136 <p>{@link 137 android.content.Context#startService startService()} 138 . , 139 ( ) 140 141 . </p> 142 </li> 143 144 <li><b> </b> 145 <p> ( 146 {@link android.app.Activity#onStop onStop()} ). 147 , 148 , 149 . 150 LRU( ) 151 . 152 , 153 154 . <a href="{@docRoot}guide/components/activities.html#SavingActivityState"></a> 155 .</p> 156 </li> 157 158 <li><b> </b> 159 <p> . 160 161 . 162 .</p> 163 </li> 164 </ol> 165 166 167 <p>Android 168 . , , 169 .</p> 170 171 <p>, . 172 , 173 . A B 174 A B A 175 B .</p> 176 177 <p> , 178 <a href="{@docRoot}guide/components/services.html"></a> . 179 . 180 , 181 . 182 183 " " . 184 .</p> 185 186 187 188 189 <h2 id="Threads"></h2> 190 191 <p> , 192 "" . 193 . Android UI ({@link 194 android.widget} {@link android.view} ) 195 . 196 UI .</p> 197 198 <p> <em></em>. 199 UI , 200 . 201 ( {@link android.view.View#onKeyDown onKeyDown()} 202 ) UI .</p> 203 204 <p> , , UI , 205 206 . UI 207 .</p> 208 209 <p> 210 . , 211 UI 212 UI . 213 . 214 . , UI 215 ( 5) "<a href="http://developer.android.com/guide/practices/responsiveness.html"> 216 </a>"(ANR) . , 217 .</p> 218 219 <p>, Andoid UI <em></em>. UI 220 . UI 221 . , Android .</p> 222 223 <ol> 224 <li>UI . 225 <li>Ui Android UI . 226 </ol> 227 228 <h3 id="WorkerThreads"> </h3> 229 230 <p> , UI 231 UI . 232 , ("" 233 "" ).</p> 234 235 <p> , 236 {@link android.widget.ImageView} .</p> 237 238 <pre> 239 public void onClick(View v) { 240 new Thread(new Runnable() { 241 public void run() { 242 Bitmap b = loadImageFromNetwork("http://example.com/image.png"); 243 mImageView.setImageBitmap(b); 244 } 245 }).start(); 246 } 247 </pre> 248 249 <p> 250 . , , '<em>UI 251 Android UI .</em>' . UI {@link 252 android.widget.ImageView} . 253 , .</p> 254 255 <p> Android UI 256 . .</p> 257 258 <ul> 259 <li>{@link android.app.Activity#runOnUiThread(java.lang.Runnable) 260 Activity.runOnUiThread(Runnable)}</li> 261 <li>{@link android.view.View#post(java.lang.Runnable) View.post(Runnable)}</li> 262 <li>{@link android.view.View#postDelayed(java.lang.Runnable, long) View.postDelayed(Runnable, 263 long)}</li> 264 </ul> 265 266 <p> {@link 267 android.view.View#post(java.lang.Runnable) View.post(Runnable)} .</p> 268 269 <pre> 270 public void onClick(View v) { 271 new Thread(new Runnable() { 272 public void run() { 273 final Bitmap bitmap = loadImageFromNetwork("http://example.com/image.png"); 274 mImageView.post(new Runnable() { 275 public void run() { 276 mImageView.setImageBitmap(bitmap); 277 } 278 }); 279 } 280 }).start(); 281 } 282 </pre> 283 284 <p> . 285 {@link android.widget.ImageView} UI .</p> 286 287 <p>, 288 . , 289 {@link android.os.Handler} UI 290 . {@link android.os.AsyncTask} . 291 UI .</p> 292 293 294 <h4 id="AsyncTask">AsyncTask </h4> 295 296 <p>{@link android.os.AsyncTask} 297 . UI 298 , / .</p> 299 300 <p> {@link android.os.AsyncTask} {@link 301 android.os.AsyncTask#doInBackground doInBackground()} . 302 . UI {@link 303 android.os.AsyncTask#onPostExecute onPostExecute()} . {@link 304 android.os.AsyncTask#doInBackground doInBackground()} UI , 305 UI . UI {@link android.os.AsyncTask#execute execute()} 306 .</p> 307 308 <p> , {@link android.os.AsyncTask} 309 .</p> 310 311 <pre> 312 public void onClick(View v) { 313 new DownloadImageTask().execute("http://example.com/image.png"); 314 } 315 316 private class DownloadImageTask extends AsyncTask<String, Void, Bitmap> { 317 /** The system calls this to perform work in a worker thread and 318 * delivers it the parameters given to AsyncTask.execute() */ 319 protected Bitmap doInBackground(String... urls) { 320 return loadImageFromNetwork(urls[0]); 321 } 322 323 /** The system calls this to perform work in the UI thread and delivers 324 * the result from doInBackground() */ 325 protected void onPostExecute(Bitmap result) { 326 mImageView.setImageBitmap(result); 327 } 328 } 329 </pre> 330 331 <p> UI . 332 UI .</p> 333 334 <p> {@link android.os.AsyncTask} 335 . .</p> 336 337 <ul> 338 <li> , 339 .</li> 340 <li> {@link android.os.AsyncTask#doInBackground doInBackground()} 341 .</li> 342 <li>{@link android.os.AsyncTask#onPreExecute onPreExecute()}, {@link 343 android.os.AsyncTask#onPostExecute onPostExecute()} {@link 344 android.os.AsyncTask#onProgressUpdate onProgressUpdate()} UI .</li> 345 <li>{@link android.os.AsyncTask#doInBackground doInBackground()} 346 {@link android.os.AsyncTask#onPostExecute onPostExecute()} .</li> 347 <li> {@link android.os.AsyncTask#publishProgress publishProgress()} {@link 348 android.os.AsyncTask#doInBackground doInBackground()} UI {@link 349 android.os.AsyncTask#onProgressUpdate onProgressUpdate()} .</li> 350 <li> .</li> 351 </ul> 352 353 <p class="caution"><strong>:</strong> 354 <a href="{@docRoot}guide/topics/resources/runtime-changes.html"> </a> 355 ( ). . 356 357 <a href="http://code.google.com/p/shelves/">Shelves</a> .</p> 358 359 360 <h3 id="ThreadSafe"> </h3> 361 362 <p> . 363 . </p> 364 365 <p> . <a href="{@docRoot}guide/components/bound-services.html"> </a> . 366 {@link android.os.IBinder} 367 {@link android.os.IBinder IBinder} , . 368 , 369 {@link android.os.IBinder 370 IBinder} ( UI ). , 371 {@link android.app.Service#onBind onBind()} 372 UI , {@link android.app.Service#onBind 373 onBind()} (: RPC ) 374 . , 375 {@link android.os.IBinder IBinder} . {@link android.os.IBinder 376 IBinder} .</p> 377 378 <p> . 379 {@link android.content.ContentResolver} {@link android.content.ContentProvider} 380 , {@link 381 android.content.ContentProvider} (—{@link 382 android.content.ContentProvider#query query()}, {@link android.content.ContentProvider#insert 383 insert()}, {@link android.content.ContentProvider#delete delete()}, {@link 384 android.content.ContentProvider#update update()} {@link android.content.ContentProvider#getType 385 getType()} —) UI 386 . , 387 . </p> 388 389 390 <h2 id="IPC"> </h2> 391 392 <p>Android (RPC) (IPC) . 393 394 ( ) , 395 . , 396 397 . 398 . Android IPC 399 , RPC . </p> 400 401 <p>IPC , {@link 402 android.content.Context#bindService bindService()} . <a href="{@docRoot}guide/components/services.html"></a> .</p> 403 404 405 <!-- 406 <h2>Beginner's Path</h2> 407 408 <p>For information about how to perform work in the background for an indefinite period of time 409 (without a user interface), continue with the <b><a 410 href="{@docRoot}guide/components/services.html">Services</a></b> document.</p> 411 --> 412
