1 page.title=Trnh cung cp Danh b 2 @jd:body 3 <div id="qv-wrapper"> 4 <div id="qv"> 5 <h2>Xem nhanh</h2> 6 <ul> 7 <li>Kho lu gi thng tin v con ngi ca Android.</li> 8 <li> 9 ng b vi web. 10 </li> 11 <li> 12 Tch hp d liu theo lung x hi. 13 </li> 14 </ul> 15 <h2>Trong ti liu ny</h2> 16 <ol> 17 <li> 18 <a href="#InformationTypes">T chc Trnh cung cp Danh b</a> 19 </li> 20 <li> 21 <a href="#RawContactBasics">Lin lc th</a> 22 </li> 23 <li> 24 <a href="#DataBasics">D liu</a> 25 </li> 26 <li> 27 <a href="#ContactBasics">Danh b</a> 28 </li> 29 <li> 30 <a href="#Sources">D liu t Trnh iu hp ng b</a> 31 </li> 32 <li> 33 <a href="#Permissions">Quyn c Yu cu</a> 34 </li> 35 <li> 36 <a href="#UserProfile">H s Ngi dng</a> 37 </li> 38 <li> 39 <a href="#ContactsProviderMetadata">Siu d liu Trnh cung cp Danh b</a> 40 </li> 41 <li> 42 <a href="#Access">Truy cp Trnh cung cp Danh b</a> 43 <li> 44 </li> 45 <li> 46 <a href="#SyncAdapters">Trnh iu hp ng b Trnh cung cp Danh b</a> 47 </li> 48 <li> 49 <a href="#SocialStream">D liu t Lung X hi</a> 50 </li> 51 <li> 52 <a href="#AdditionalFeatures">Cc Tnh nng B sung ca Trnh cung cp Danh b</a> 53 </li> 54 </ol> 55 <h2>Lp kha</h2> 56 <ol> 57 <li>{@link android.provider.ContactsContract.Contacts}</li> 58 <li>{@link android.provider.ContactsContract.RawContacts}</li> 59 <li>{@link android.provider.ContactsContract.Data}</li> 60 <li>{@code android.provider.ContactsContract.StreamItems}</li> 61 </ol> 62 <h2>Cc Mu Lin quan</h2> 63 <ol> 64 <li> 65 <a href="{@docRoot}resources/samples/ContactManager/index.html"> 66 Trnh qun l Danh b 67 </a> 68 </li> 69 <li> 70 <a href="{@docRoot}resources/samples/SampleSyncAdapter/index.html"> 71 Trnh iu hp ng b Mu</a> 72 </li> 73 </ol> 74 <h2>Xem thm</h2> 75 <ol> 76 <li> 77 <a href="{@docRoot}guide/topics/providers/content-provider-basics.html"> 78 Ni dung C bn v Trnh cung cp Ni dung 79 </a> 80 </li> 81 </ol> 82 </div> 83 </div> 84 <p> 85 Trnh cung cp Danh b l mt thnh phn Android mnh m v linh hot c chc nng qun l 86 kho d liu trung tm v con ngi ca thit b. Trnh cung cp Danh b l ngun ca nhng d liu 87 m bn thy trong ng dng danh b ca thit b, v bn cng c th truy cp d liu ca n trong 88 ng dng ca chnh mnh v chuyn d liu gia thit b v cc dch v trc tuyn. Trnh cung cp cha 89 loi ngun d liu v c gng qun l nhiu d liu nht c th cho mi ngi, kt qu 90 l t chc ca n tr nn phc tp. V iu ny, API ca trnh cung cp bao gm mt 91 tp m rng gm cc lp hp ng v giao din to iu kin cho vic truy xut v sa i 92 d liu. 93 </p> 94 <p> 95 Hng dn ny trnh by nhng ni dung sau: 96 </p> 97 <ul> 98 <li> 99 Cu trc c bn ca trnh cung cp. 100 </li> 101 <li> 102 Cch truy xut d liu t trnh cung cp. 103 </li> 104 <li> 105 Cch sa i d liu trong trnh cung cp. 106 </li> 107 <li> 108 Cch ghi mt trnh iu hp ng b ng b ha d liu t my ch ca bn vi 109 Trnh cung cp Danh b. 110 </li> 111 </ul> 112 <p> 113 Hng dn ny gi s rng bn bit nhng ni dung c bn v trnh cung cp ni dung Android. tm hiu thm 114 v trnh cung cp ni dung Android, hy c hng dn 115 <a href="{@docRoot}guide/topics/providers/content-provider-basics.html"> 116 Ni dung C bn v Trnh cung cp Ni dung</a>. ng dng mu 117 <a href="{@docRoot}resources/samples/SampleSyncAdapter/index.html">Trnh iu hp ng b Mu</a> 118 l mt v d v cch s dng mt trnh iu hp ng b chuyn d liu gia Trnh cung cp 119 Danh b v ng dng mu c lu tr bi Dch v Web Google. 120 </p> 121 <h2 id="InformationTypes">T chc Trnh cung cp Danh b</h2> 122 <p> 123 Trnh cung cp Danh b l mt thnh phn ca trnh cung cp ni dung Android. N cha ba loi 124 d liu v mt ngi, tng loi tng ng vi mt bng do trnh cung cp a ra, nh 125 c minh ha trong hnh 1: 126 </p> 127 <img src="{@docRoot}images/providers/contacts_structure.png" alt="" height="364" id="figure1" /> 128 <p class="img-caption"> 129 <strong>Hnh 1.</strong> Cu trc bng ca Trnh cung cp Danh b. 130 </p> 131 <p> 132 Ba bng ny thng c cp theo tn cc lp hp ng ca chng. Cc lp ny 133 s nh ngha cc hng s cho URI ni dung, tn ct v gi tr ct c s dng bi cc bng: 134 </p> 135 <dl> 136 <dt> 137 Bng {@link android.provider.ContactsContract.Contacts} 138 </dt> 139 <dd> 140 Hng th hin nhng ngi khc nhau da trn tng hp ca cc hng lin lc th. 141 </dd> 142 <dt> 143 Bng {@link android.provider.ContactsContract.RawContacts} 144 </dt> 145 <dd> 146 Hng cha mt bn tng hp d liu v mt ngi, lin quan ti ti khon v loi ngi dng. 147 </dd> 148 <dt> 149 Bng {@link android.provider.ContactsContract.Data} 150 </dt> 151 <dd> 152 Hng cha cc thng tin chi tit v lin lc th, chng hn nh a ch e-mail hoc s in thoi. 153 </dd> 154 </dl> 155 <p> 156 Cc bng khc c i din bi cc lp hp ng trong {@link android.provider.ContactsContract} 157 l bng ph m Trnh cung cp Danh b s dng qun l thao tc ca n hoc h tr 158 cc chc nng c th trong ng dng danh b hoc in thoi ca thit b. 159 </p> 160 <h2 id="RawContactBasics">Lin lc th</h2> 161 <p> 162 Mt lin lc th th hin d liu ca mt ngi xut pht t mt loi ti khon v tn ti khon 163 ring. V Trnh cung cp Danh b cho php nhiu hn mt dch v trc tuyn lm ngun 164 d liu cho mt ngi, Trnh cung cp Danh b cho php nhiu lin lc th cho cng mt ngi. 165 Nhiu lin lc th cng cho php ngi dng kt hp d liu ca mt ngi t nhiu hn mt ti khon 166 t cng loi ti khon. 167 </p> 168 <p> 169 Hu ht d liu ca mt lin lc th khng c lu gi trong bng 170 {@link android.provider.ContactsContract.RawContacts}. Thay vo , n c lu gi trong mt hoc nhiu 171 hng trong bng {@link android.provider.ContactsContract.Data}. Mi hng d liu c mt ct 172 {@link android.provider.ContactsContract.DataColumns#RAW_CONTACT_ID Data.RAW_CONTACT_ID} cha 173 gi tr {@code android.provider.BaseColumns#_ID RawContacts._ID} ca 174 hng {@link android.provider.ContactsContract.RawContacts} m ca n. 175 </p> 176 <h3 id="RawContactsColumns">Cc ct lin lc th quan trng</h3> 177 <p> 178 Cc ct quan trng trong bng {@link android.provider.ContactsContract.RawContacts} c 179 lit k trong bng 1. Hy c cc lu theo sau bng di y: 180 </p> 181 <p class="table-caption" id="table1"> 182 <strong>Bng 1.</strong> Cc ct lin lc th quan trng. 183 </p> 184 <table> 185 <tr> 186 <th scope="col">Tn ct</th> 187 <th scope="col">S dng</th> 188 <th scope="col">Lu </th> 189 </tr> 190 <tr> 191 <td> 192 {@link android.provider.ContactsContract.SyncColumns#ACCOUNT_NAME} 193 </td> 194 <td> 195 Tn ti khon cho loi ti khon l ngun ca lin lc th ny. 196 V d, tn ti khon ca mt ti khon Google l mt trong cc a ch Gmail 197 ca ch s hu thit b. Xem mc nhp tip theo cho 198 {@link android.provider.ContactsContract.SyncColumns#ACCOUNT_TYPE} bit thm 199 thng tin. 200 </td> 201 <td> 202 nh dng ca tn ny p dng theo loi ti khon ca n. khng nht thit 203 l mt a ch e-mail. 204 </td> 205 </tr> 206 <tr> 207 <td> 208 {@link android.provider.ContactsContract.SyncColumns#ACCOUNT_TYPE} 209 </td> 210 <td> 211 Loi ti khon l ngun ca lin lc th ny. V d, loi ti khon 212 ca mt ti khon Google l <code>com.google</code>. Lun xc nh loi ti khon ca bn 213 bng mt m nh danh min cho mt min m bn s hu hoc kim sot. iu ny m bo rng loi ti khon 214 ca bn l duy nht. 215 </td> 216 <td> 217 Mt loi ti khon cung cp d liu danh b thng c mt trnh iu hp ng b lin kt 218 ng b ho vi Trnh iu hp ng b. 219 </tr> 220 <tr> 221 <td> 222 {@link android.provider.ContactsContract.RawContactsColumns#DELETED} 223 </td> 224 <td> 225 C " xa" cho mt lin lc th. 226 </td> 227 <td> 228 C ny cho php Trnh cung cp Danh b duy tr hng bn trong ti khi trnh iu hp ng b 229 c th xa hng khi my ch ca chng ri cui cng l xa hng 230 khi kho lu gi. 231 </td> 232 </tr> 233 </table> 234 <h4>Lu </h4> 235 <p> 236 Sau y l cc ghi ch quan trng v bng 237 {@link android.provider.ContactsContract.RawContacts}: 238 </p> 239 <ul> 240 <li> 241 Tn ca lin lc th khng c lu gi trong hng ca n trong 242 {@link android.provider.ContactsContract.RawContacts}. Thay vo , n c lu gi trong 243 bng {@link android.provider.ContactsContract.Data}, trong mt hng 244 {@link android.provider.ContactsContract.CommonDataKinds.StructuredName}. Lin lc th 245 ch c mt hng thuc loi ny trong bng {@link android.provider.ContactsContract.Data}. 246 </li> 247 <li> 248 <strong>Ch :</strong> s dng d liu ti khon ca chnh bn trong mt hng lin lc th, trc tin d liu 249 phi c ng k vi {@link android.accounts.AccountManager}. lm iu ny, hy nhc 250 ngi dng thm loi ti khon v tn ti khon ca chng vo danh sch ti khon. Nu bn khng 251 lm vy, Trnh cung cp Danh b s t ng xa hng lin lc th ca bn. 252 <p> 253 V d, nu bn mun ng dng ca mnh duy tr d liu danh b cho dch v da trn nn web ca mnh 254 vi min {@code com.example.dataservice}, v ti khon ca ngi dng cho dch v ca bn 255 l {@code becky.sharp (a] dataservice.example.com}, trc tin, ngi dng phi thm 256 "loi" ti khon ({@code com.example.dataservice}) v "tn" ti khon 257 ({@code becky.smart (a] dataservice.example.com}) trc khi ng dng ca bn c th thm hng lin lc th. 258 Bn c th gii thch yu cu ny vi ngi dng bng ti liu, hoc bn c th nhc 259 ngi dng thm loi v tn ny, hoc c hai. Loi ti khon v tn ti khon 260 c trnh by chi tit hn trong phn sau. 261 </li> 262 </ul> 263 <h3 id="RawContactsExample">Cc ngun d liu lin lc th</h3> 264 <p> 265 hiu cch hot ng ca lin lc th, hy xt ngi dng "Emily Dickinson", c ta c ba ti khon 266 ngi dng sau c xc nh trn thit b ca mnh: 267 </p> 268 <ul> 269 <li><code>emily.dickinson (a] gmail.com</code></li> 270 <li><code>emilyd (a] gmail.com</code></li> 271 <li>Ti khon Twitter "belle_of_amherst"</li> 272 </ul> 273 <p> 274 Ngi dng ny kch hot <em>ng b Danh b</em> cho c ba ti khon ny trong ci t 275 <em>Ti khon</em>. 276 </p> 277 <p> 278 Gi s Emily Dickinson m mt ca s trnh duyt, ng nhp vo Gmail bng ti khon 279 <code>emily.dickinson (a] gmail.com</code>, m 280 Danh b, v thm "Thomas Higginson". Sau , c ng nhp vo Gmail bng ti khon 281 <code>emilyd (a] gmail.com</code> v gi mt e-mail ti "Thomas Higginson", lm vy s t ng 282 thm ngi ny lm mt lin lc. C y cng theo di "colonel_tom" (ID Twitter ca Thomas Higginson) trn 283 Twitter. 284 </p> 285 <p> 286 Trnh cung cp Danh b s to ba lin lc th do kt qu ca vic lm ny: 287 </p> 288 <ol> 289 <li> 290 Mt lin lc th cho "Thomas Higginson" lin kt vi <code>emily.dickinson (a] gmail.com</code>. 291 Loi ti khon ngi dng l Google. 292 </li> 293 <li> 294 Mt lin lc th th hai cho "Thomas Higginson" lin kt vi <code>emilyd (a] gmail.com</code>. 295 Loi ti khon ngi dng cng l Google. C mt lin lc th th hai ngay c khi 296 tn ging vi mt tn trc , v ngi ny c thm cho mt 297 ti khon ngi dng khc. 298 </li> 299 <li> 300 Mt lin lc th th ba cho "Thomas Higginson" lin kt vi "belle_of_amherst". Loi ti khon ngi dng 301 l Twitter. 302 </li> 303 </ol> 304 <h2 id="DataBasics">D liu</h2> 305 <p> 306 Nh cp trc , d liu ca mt lin lc th c lu gi trong mt hng 307 {@link android.provider.ContactsContract.Data} c lin kt vi gi tr 308 <code>_ID</code> ca lin lc th. iu ny cho php mt lin lc th c nhiu thc th cng loi 309 d liu chng hn nh a ch e-mail hay s in thoi. V d, nu 310 "Thomas Higginson" ca {@code emilyd (a] gmail.com} (hng lin lc th cho Thomas Higginson 311 lin kt vi ti khon Google <code>emilyd (a] gmail.com</code>) c mt a ch e-mail nh l 312 <code>thigg (a] gmail.com</code> v mt a ch e-mail c quan l 313 <code>thomas.higginson (a] gmail.com</code>, Trnh cung cp Danh b s lu tr hai hng a ch e-mail 314 v lin kt c hai vi lin lc th. 315 </p> 316 <p> 317 rng cc loi d liu khc nhau c lu gi trong mt bng ny. Cc hng tn hin th, 318 s in thoi, e-mail, a ch gi th, nh v chi tit trang web u c tm thy trong bng 319 {@link android.provider.ContactsContract.Data}. gip qun l iu ny, bng 320 {@link android.provider.ContactsContract.Data} c mt s ct c tn m t, 321 v cc ct cn li c tn chung. Cc ni dung ca ct tn m t c cng ngha 322 khng ph thuc vo loi d liu trong hng, trong khi ni dung ca ct tn chung c 323 ngha khc nhau ty vo loi d liu. 324 </p> 325 <h3 id="DescriptiveColumns">Tn ct m t</h3> 326 <p> 327 Mt s v d v tn ct m t l: 328 </p> 329 <dl> 330 <dt> 331 {@link android.provider.ContactsContract.Data#RAW_CONTACT_ID} 332 </dt> 333 <dd> 334 Gi tr ca ct <code>_ID</code> ca lin lc th i vi d liu ny. 335 </dd> 336 <dt> 337 {@link android.provider.ContactsContract.Data#MIMETYPE} 338 </dt> 339 <dd> 340 Loi d liu c lu gi trong hng ny, c th hin di dng mt kiu MIME ty chnh. Trnh cung cp Danh b 341 s dng cc kiu MIME c nh ngha trong lp con ca 342 {@link android.provider.ContactsContract.CommonDataKinds}. Cc kiu MIME l ngun m, 343 v c th c s dng bi bt k ng dng hay trnh iu hp ng b no hot ng vi Trnh cung cp Danh b. 344 </dd> 345 <dt> 346 {@link android.provider.ContactsContract.DataColumns#IS_PRIMARY} 347 </dt> 348 <dd> 349 Nu kiu hng d liu ny c th xy ra nhiu hn mt ln i vi mt lin lc th, ct 350 {@link android.provider.ContactsContract.DataColumns#IS_PRIMARY} s gn c 351 hng d liu cha d liu s cp cho kiu . V d, nu 352 ngi dng nhn gi mt s in thoi cho mt lin lc v chn <strong>t mc nh</strong>, 353 khi hng {@link android.provider.ContactsContract.Data} cha s 354 c ct tng ng {@link android.provider.ContactsContract.DataColumns#IS_PRIMARY} c t thnh mt 355 gi tr khc 0. 356 </dd> 357 </dl> 358 <h3 id="GenericColumns">Tn ct chung</h3> 359 <p> 360 C 15 ct chung c t tn <code>DATA1</code> thng qua 361 <code>DATA15</code> thng c sn v thm bn ct 362 chung <code>SYNC1</code> thng qua <code>SYNC4</code> m ch c s dng bi trnh iu hp 363 ng b. Cc hng s tn ct chung lun c tc dng, khng ph thuc vo loi 364 d liu m hng cha. 365 </p> 366 <p> 367 Ct <code>DATA1</code> c nh ch mc. Trnh cung cp Danh b lun s dng ct ny cho 368 d liu m trnh cung cp k vng s l i tng truy vn thng xuyn nht. V d, 369 trong mt hng e-mail, ct ny cha a ch e-mail thc s. 370 </p> 371 <p> 372 Theo quy c, ct <code>DATA15</code> c dnh lu gi d liu Binary Large Object 373 (BLOB) chng hn nh hnh thu nh ca nh. 374 </p> 375 <h3 id="TypeSpecificNames">Tn ct theo kiu</h3> 376 <p> 377 to iu kin lm vic vi cc ct i vi mt kiu hng c th, Trnh cung cp Danh b 378 cng cung cp cc hng s tn ct theo kiu, c nh ngha trong cc lp con ca 379 {@link android.provider.ContactsContract.CommonDataKinds}. Cc hng s ch cp mt 380 tn hng s khc cho cng tn ct, iu ny gip bn truy cp d liu trong mt hng thuc 381 mt kiu c th. 382 </p> 383 <p> 384 V d, lp {@link android.provider.ContactsContract.CommonDataKinds.Email} nh ngha 385 cc hng s tn ct theo kiu cho mt hng {@link android.provider.ContactsContract.Data} m 386 c kiu MIME 387 {@link android.provider.ContactsContract.CommonDataKinds.Email#CONTENT_ITEM_TYPE 388 Email.CONTENT_ITEM_TYPE}. Lp cha hng s 389 {@link android.provider.ContactsContract.CommonDataKinds.Email#ADDRESS} cho ct 390 a ch e-mail. Gi tr thc s ca 391 {@link android.provider.ContactsContract.CommonDataKinds.Email#ADDRESS} l "data1", gi tr ny 392 ging ht nh tn chung ca ct. 393 </p> 394 <p class="caution"> 395 <strong>Ch :</strong> Khng c thm d liu ty chnh ca chnh bn vo bng 396 {@link android.provider.ContactsContract.Data} bng cch s dng mt hng c mt trong cc kiu MIME c xc nh trc 397 ca trnh cung cp. Nu lm vy, bn c th lm mt d liu hoc khin trnh cung cp 398 gp trc trc. V d, bn khng nn thm mt hng c kiu MIME 399 {@link android.provider.ContactsContract.CommonDataKinds.Email#CONTENT_ITEM_TYPE 400 Email.CONTENT_ITEM_TYPE} m cha tn ngi dng thay v a ch e-mail trong ct 401 <code>DATA1</code>. Nu s dng kiu MIME ty chnh ca mnh cho hng, khi bn c t do 402 nh ngha tn ct theo kiu ca chnh mnh v s dng cc ct theo cch bn mun. 403 </p> 404 <p> 405 Hnh 2 minh ha cch cc ct m t v ct d liu xut hin trong hng 406 {@link android.provider.ContactsContract.Data}, v cch m tn ct theo kiu "ph ln" 407 tn ct chung 408 </p> 409 <img src="{@docRoot}images/providers/data_columns.png" alt="How type-specific column names map to generic column names" height="311" id="figure2" /> 410 <p class="img-caption"> 411 <strong>Hnh 2.</strong> Tn ct theo kiu v tn ct chung. 412 </p> 413 <h3 id="ColumnMaps">Lp tn ct theo kiu</h3> 414 <p> 415 Bng 2 lit k cc lp tn ct theo kiu thng c s dng nht: 416 </p> 417 <p class="table-caption" id="table2"> 418 <strong>Bng 2.</strong> Lp tn ct theo kiu</p> 419 <table> 420 <tr> 421 <th scope="col">Lp nh x</th> 422 <th scope="col">Kiu d liu</th> 423 <th scope="col">Lu </th> 424 </tr> 425 <tr> 426 <td>{@link android.provider.ContactsContract.CommonDataKinds.StructuredName}</td> 427 <td>D liu tn ca lin lc th lin kt vi hng d liu ny.</td> 428 <td>Mt lin lc th ch c mt trong nhng hng ny.</td> 429 </tr> 430 <tr> 431 <td>{@link android.provider.ContactsContract.CommonDataKinds.Photo}</td> 432 <td>nh chnh ca lin lc th c lin kt vi hng d liu ny.</td> 433 <td>Mt lin lc th ch c mt trong nhng hng ny.</td> 434 </tr> 435 <tr> 436 <td>{@link android.provider.ContactsContract.CommonDataKinds.Email}</td> 437 <td>a ch e-mail ca lin lc th c lin kt vi hng d liu ny.</td> 438 <td>Mt lin lc th c th c nhiu a ch e-mail.</td> 439 </tr> 440 <tr> 441 <td>{@link android.provider.ContactsContract.CommonDataKinds.StructuredPostal}</td> 442 <td>a ch cng ca lin lc th c lin kt vi hng d liu ny.</td> 443 <td>Mt lin lc th c th c nhiu a ch cng.</td> 444 </tr> 445 <tr> 446 <td>{@link android.provider.ContactsContract.CommonDataKinds.GroupMembership}</td> 447 <td>M nh danh lin kt lin lc th vi mt trong cc nhm trong Trnh cung cp Danh b.</td> 448 <td> 449 Nhm l mt tnh nng ty chn ca loi ti khon v tn ti khon. Chng c m t 450 chi tit hn trong phn <a href="#Groups">Nhm lin lc</a>. 451 </td> 452 </tr> 453 </table> 454 <h3 id="ContactBasics">Danh b</h3> 455 <p> 456 Trnh cung cp Danh b kt hp cc hng lin lc th gia tt c cc loi ti khon v tn ti khon 457 to thnh mt <strong>lin lc</strong>. iu ny to iu kin hin th v sa i tt c d liu m mt 458 ngi dng thu thp cho mt ngi. Trnh cung cp Danh b qun l vic to cc hng lin lc mi 459 v tng hp cc lin lc th vi hng lin lc hin c. ng dng ln 460 trnh iu hp ng b u khng c cho php thm lin lc v mt s ct trong mt hng lin lc l ct ch c. 461 </p> 462 <p class="note"> 463 <strong>Lu :</strong> Nu bn c gng thm mt lin lc vo Trnh cung cp Danh b c mt 464 {@link android.content.ContentResolver#insert(Uri,ContentValues) insert()}, bn s gp 465 li ngoi l {@link java.lang.UnsupportedOperationException}. Nu bn c gng cp nht mt ct 466 m c lit k l "ch c," cp nht s b b qua. 467 </p> 468 <p> 469 Trnh cung cp Danh b to mt lin lc mi hi p li vic thm mt lin lc th mi 470 khng khp vi bt k lin lc no hin c. Trnh cung cp cng lm vy nu d liu 471 ca mt lin lc th hin c thay i sao cho n khng cn khp vi lin lc m trc 472 n c gn vi. Nu mt ng dng hoc trnh iu hp ng b to mt lin lc th mi m 473 <em>khp</em> vi mt lin lc hin ti, lin lc th mi s c tng hp vo lin lc 474 hin c. 475 </p> 476 <p> 477 Trnh cung cp Danh b s lin kt mt hng lin lc vi cc hng lin lc th ca n bng ct 478 <code>_ID</code> ca hng lin lc trong bng {@link android.provider.ContactsContract.Contacts Contacts} 479 . Ct <code>CONTACT_ID</code> ca bng lin lc th 480 {@link android.provider.ContactsContract.RawContacts} cha cc gi tr <code>_ID</code> cho 481 cc hng lin lc lin kt vi tng hng lin lc th. 482 </p> 483 <p> 484 Bng {@link android.provider.ContactsContract.Contacts} cng c ct 485 {@code android.provider.ContactsContract.ContactsColumns#LOOKUP_KEY} m l mt lin kt 486 "c nh" vi hng lin lc . V Trnh cung cp Danh b t ng duy tr 487 cc lin lc, n c th thay i gi tr {@code android.provider.BaseColumns#_ID} ca mt hng lin lc 488 hi p li mt s tng hp hoc ng b. Ngay c khi iu ny xy ra, URI ni dung 489 {@link android.provider.ContactsContract.Contacts#CONTENT_LOOKUP_URI} kt hp vi 490 {@code android.provider.ContactsContract.ContactsColumns#LOOKUP_KEY} ca lin lc s vn 491 ch v hng lin lc , v th bn c th s dng 492 {@code android.provider.ContactsContract.ContactsColumns#LOOKUP_KEY} 493 duy tr cc lin kt n lin lc "yu thch", v.v. Ct ny c nh dng ring khng 494 lin quan ti nh dng ca ct {@code android.provider.BaseColumns#_ID}. 495 </p> 496 <p> 497 Hnh 3 minh ha mi lin quan gia ba bng chnh ny vi nhau. 498 </p> 499 <img src="{@docRoot}images/providers/contacts_tables.png" alt="Contacts provider main tables" height="514" id="figure4" /> 500 <p class="img-caption"> 501 <strong>Hnh 3.</strong> Mi quan h gia cc bng Danh b, Lin lc Th, v Chi tit. 502 </p> 503 <h2 id="Sources">D liu t Trnh iu hp ng b</h2> 504 <p> 505 Ngi dng nhp d liu danh b trc tip vo thit b, nhng d liu cng i n Trnh cung cp 506 Danh b t cc dch v web thng qua <strong>trnh iu hp ng b</strong>, gip t ng 507 chuyn d liu gia thit b v cc dch v. Trnh iu hp ng b chy ngm 508 di s kim sot ca h thng, v chng gi cc phng php {@link android.content.ContentResolver} 509 qun l d liu. 510 </p> 511 <p> 512 Trong Android, dch v web m mt trnh iu hp ng b lm vic cng s c xc nh bng mt loi ti khon. 513 Mi trnh iu hp ng b lm vic vi mt loi ti khon, nhng n c th h tr nhiu tn ti khon cho 514 loi . Cc loi ti khon v tn ti khon c m t s qua trong phn 515 <a href="#RawContactsExample">Cc ngun d liu lin lc th</a>. Cc nh ngha sau trnh by 516 chi tit hn v m t mi lin quan gia loi v tn ti khon vi cc trnh iu hp ng b v dch v. 517 </p> 518 <dl> 519 <dt> 520 Loi ti khon 521 </dt> 522 <dd> 523 Xc nh mt dch v m ngi dng lu gi d liu trong . Trong phn ln thi gian, ngi dng phi 524 xc thc dch v. V d, Google Contacts l mt loi ti khon c xc nh 525 bi m <code>google.com</code>. Gi tr ny tng ng vi loi ti khon c s dng bi 526 {@link android.accounts.AccountManager}. 527 </dd> 528 <dt> 529 Tn ti khon 530 </dt> 531 <dd> 532 Xc nh mt ti khon hoc ng nhp c th cho mt loi ti khon. Ti khon Google Contacts 533 ging nh ti khon Google, chng c mt a ch e-mail lm tn ti khon. 534 Cc dch v khc c th s dng tn ngi dng l mt t hoc id ch s. 535 </dd> 536 </dl> 537 <p> 538 Loi ti khon khng nht thit phi duy nht. Mt ngi dng c th cu hnh nhiu ti khon Google Contacts 539 v ti xung d liu ca chng vo Trnh cung cp Danh b; iu ny c th xy ra nu ngi dng c mt tp hp 540 cc lin lc c nhn cho mt tn ti khon c nhn, v mt tp hp khc cho c quan. Tn ti khon thng 541 l duy nht. Cng nhau, chng xc nh mt dng d liu c th gia Trnh cung cp Danh b v 542 mt dch v bn ngoi. 543 </p> 544 <p> 545 Nu mun chuyn d liu t dch v ca bn sang Trnh cung cp Danh b, bn cn ghi 546 vo trnh iu hp ng b ca chnh mnh. iu ny c m t chi tit hn trong phn 547 <a href="#SyncAdapters">Trnh iu hp ng b Trnh cung cp Danh b</a>. 548 </p> 549 <p> 550 Hnh 4 minh ha cch m Trnh cung cp Danh b ph hp vi dng d liu 551 v con ngi. Trong hp c nh du "trnh iu hp ng b," mi trnh iu hp c ghi nhn theo loi ti khon ca n. 552 </p> 553 <img src="{@docRoot}images/providers/ContactsDataFlow.png" alt="Flow of data about people" height="252" id="figure5" /> 554 <p class="img-caption"> 555 <strong>Hnh 4.</strong> Lung d liu ca Trnh cung cp Danh b. 556 </p> 557 <h2 id="Permissions">Quyn c Yu cu</h2> 558 <p> 559 Nhng ng dng mun truy cp Trnh cung cp Danh b phi yu cu cc quyn 560 sau: 561 </p> 562 <dl> 563 <dt>Quyn truy cp c vo mt hoc nhiu bng</dt> 564 <dd> 565 {@link android.Manifest.permission#READ_CONTACTS}, c quy nh trong 566 <code>AndroidManifest.xml</code> vi phn t 567 <code><a href="{@docRoot}guide/topics/manifest/uses-permission-element.html"> 568 <uses-permission></a></code> l 569 <code><uses-permission android:name="android.permission.READ_CONTACTS"></code>. 570 </dd> 571 <dt>Quyn truy cp ghi vo mt hoc nhiu bng</dt> 572 <dd> 573 {@link android.Manifest.permission#WRITE_CONTACTS}, c quy nh trong 574 <code>AndroidManifest.xml</code> vi phn t 575 <code><a href="{@docRoot}guide/topics/manifest/uses-permission-element.html"> 576 <uses-permission></a></code> l 577 <code><uses-permission android:name="android.permission.WRITE_CONTACTS"></code>. 578 </dd> 579 </dl> 580 <p> 581 Nhng quyn ny khng m rng sang d liu h s ngi dng. H s ngi dng v cc quyn 582 c yu cu c cp trong phn sau, 583 <a href="#UserProfile">H s Ngi dng</a>. 584 </p> 585 <p> 586 Nh rng d liu danh b ca ngi dng l d liu c nhn v nhy cm. Ngi dng quan tm v 587 quyn ring t ca h, v th h khng mun cc ng dng thu thp d liu v mnh hoc danh b ca mnh. 588 Nu khng r rng v l do bn cn quyn truy cp d liu danh b ca h, h c th cho 589 ng dng ca bn nh gi thp hoc t chi ci t ng dng. 590 </p> 591 <h2 id="UserProfile">H s Ngi dng</h2> 592 <p> 593 Bng {@link android.provider.ContactsContract.Contacts} c mt hng n cha 594 d liu h s cho ngi dng ca thit b. D liu ny m t <code>user</code> ca thit b ch khng phi 595 ca mt trong cc lin lc ca ngi dng. Hng lin lc h s c lin kt vi hng 596 lin lc th i vi tng h thng s dng h s. 597 Mi hng lin lc th ca h s c th c nhiu hng d liu. Cc hng s truy cp h s 598 ngi dng c sn trong lp {@link android.provider.ContactsContract.Profile}. 599 </p> 600 <p> 601 Truy cp h s ngi dng i hi phi c cc quyn c bit. Ngoi cc quyn 602 {@link android.Manifest.permission#READ_CONTACTS} v 603 {@link android.Manifest.permission#WRITE_CONTACTS} cn c v ghi, truy cp 604 h s ngi dng cn yu cu quyn {@code android.Manifest.permission#READ_PROFILE} v 605 {@code android.Manifest.permission#WRITE_PROFILE} tng ng cho quyn truy cp c v 606 ghi. 607 </p> 608 <p> 609 Nh rng bn nn coi h s ca mt ngi dng l ni dung nhy cm. Quyn 610 {@code android.Manifest.permission#READ_PROFILE} cho php bn truy cp d liu xc nh c nhn 611 ca ngi dng thit b. Chc chn phi ni cho ngi dng bit l do ti sao 612 bn cn cc quyn truy cp h s ngi dng trong phn m t ng dng ca mnh. 613 </p> 614 <p> 615 truy xut hng lin lc cha h s ca ngi dng, 616 hy gi {@link android.content.ContentResolver#query(Uri,String[], String, String[], String) 617 ContentResolver.query()}. t URI ni dung thnh 618 {@link android.provider.ContactsContract.Profile#CONTENT_URI} v khng cung cp bt k 619 tiu ch la chn no. Bn cng c th s dng URI ni dung ny lm URI c s truy xut cc lin lc th 620 hoc d liu cho h s. V d, on m HTML ny truy xut d liu cho h s: 621 </p> 622 <pre> 623 // Sets the columns to retrieve for the user profile 624 mProjection = new String[] 625 { 626 Profile._ID, 627 Profile.DISPLAY_NAME_PRIMARY, 628 Profile.LOOKUP_KEY, 629 Profile.PHOTO_THUMBNAIL_URI 630 }; 631 632 // Retrieves the profile from the Contacts Provider 633 mProfileCursor = 634 getContentResolver().query( 635 Profile.CONTENT_URI, 636 mProjection , 637 null, 638 null, 639 null); 640 </pre> 641 <p class="note"> 642 <strong>Lu :</strong> Nu bn truy xut nhiu hng lin lc v mun xc nh xem mt trong s chng c phi 643 l h s ngi dng khng, hy kim tra ct 644 {@link android.provider.ContactsContract.ContactsColumns#IS_USER_PROFILE} ca hng. Ct ny 645 c t thnh "1" nu lin lc l h s ngi dng. 646 </p> 647 <h2 id="ContactsProviderMetadata">Siu d liu Trnh cung cp Danh b</h2> 648 <p> 649 Trnh cung cp Danh b qun l d liu theo di trng thi ca d liu danh b trong 650 kho lu gi. Siu d liu v kho lu gi ny c lu gi nhiu ni khc nhau, bao gm 651 cc hng bng Lin lc Th, D liu, v Danh b, bng 652 {@link android.provider.ContactsContract.Settings}, v bng 653 {@link android.provider.ContactsContract.SyncState}. Bng sau y cho bit 654 nh hng ca tng mc trong siu d liu ny: 655 </p> 656 <p class="table-caption" id="table3"> 657 <strong>Bng 3.</strong> Siu d liu trong Trnh cung cp Danh b</p> 658 <table> 659 <tr> 660 <th scope="col">Bng</th> 661 <th scope="col">Ct</th> 662 <th scope="col">Gi tr</th> 663 <th scope="col"> ngha</th> 664 </tr> 665 <tr> 666 <td rowspan="2">{@link android.provider.ContactsContract.RawContacts}</td> 667 <td rowspan="2">{@link android.provider.ContactsContract.SyncColumns#DIRTY}</td> 668 <td>"0" - khng thay i k t ln ng b cui cng.</td> 669 <td rowspan="2"> 670 nh du cc lin lc th c thay i trn thit b v phi c ng b tr li 671 my ch. Gi tr c t t ng bi Trnh cung cp Danh b khi cc ng dng 672 Android cp nht mt hng. 673 <p> 674 Cc trnh iu hp ng b sa i bng lin lc th hoc d liu nn lun ni 675 xu {@link android.provider.ContactsContract#CALLER_IS_SYNCADAPTER} vi 676 URI ni dung m chng s dng. Lm vy s ngn khng cho trnh cung cp nh du hng l khng tt. 677 Nu khng, cc sa i trnh iu hp ng b xem nh sa i cc b v c 678 gi ti my ch, ngay c khi my ch l ngun sa i. 679 </p> 680 </td> 681 </tr> 682 <tr> 683 <td>"1" - thay i k t ln ng b cui cng, cn c ng b li my ch.</td> 684 </tr> 685 <tr> 686 <td>{@link android.provider.ContactsContract.RawContacts}</td> 687 <td>{@link android.provider.ContactsContract.SyncColumns#VERSION}</td> 688 <td>S phin bn ca hng ny.</td> 689 <td> 690 Trnh cung cp Danh b t ng tng dn gi tr ny bt c khi no hng hoc 691 d liu c lin quan ca hng thay i. 692 </td> 693 </tr> 694 <tr> 695 <td>{@link android.provider.ContactsContract.Data}</td> 696 <td>{@link android.provider.ContactsContract.DataColumns#DATA_VERSION}</td> 697 <td>S phin bn ca hng ny.</td> 698 <td> 699 Trnh cung cp Danh b t ng tng dn gi tr ny bt c khi no hng d liu 700 b thay i. 701 </td> 702 </tr> 703 <tr> 704 <td>{@link android.provider.ContactsContract.RawContacts}</td> 705 <td>{@link android.provider.ContactsContract.SyncColumns#SOURCE_ID}</td> 706 <td> 707 Mt xu gi tr xc nh duy nht lin lc th ny cho ti khon m 708 n c to trong . 709 </td> 710 <td> 711 Khi mt trnh iu hp ng b to mt lin lc th mi, ct ny nn c t thnh 712 ID duy nht ca my ch dnh cho lin lc th . Khi mt ng dng Android to mt lin lc th 713 mi, ng dng s trng ct ny. iu ny bo hiu vi trnh iu hp 714 ng b rng n nn to mt lin lc th mi trn my ch, v ly mt 715 gi tr cho {@link android.provider.ContactsContract.SyncColumns#SOURCE_ID}. 716 <p> 717 C th, id ngun phi l <strong>duy nht</strong> i vi tng loi ti khon 718 v nn n nh gia cc ln ng b: 719 </p> 720 <ul> 721 <li> 722 Duy nht: Mi lin lc th i vi mt ti khon phi c id ngun ring ca mnh. Nu khng 723 thi hnh iu ny, bn s gy ra s c trong ng dng danh b. 724 rng hai lin lc th i vi cng <em>loi</em> ti khon c th c 725 cng id ngun. V d, lin lc th "Thomas Higginson" i vi 726 ti khon {@code emily.dickinson (a] gmail.com} c cho php c cng id ngun 727 nh lin lc th "Thomas Higginson" i vi ti khon 728 {@code emilyd (a] gmail.com}. 729 </li> 730 <li> 731 n nh: Id ngun l mt b phn c nh ca d liu t dch v trc tuyn i vi 732 lin lc th. V d, nu ngi dng xa Lu tr Danh b khi 733 ci t ng dng v ng b li, cc lin lc th c khi phc s c cng 734 id ngun nh trc. Nu bn khng thi hnh iu ny, cc li tt s dng 735 hot ng. 736 </li> 737 </ul> 738 </td> 739 </tr> 740 <tr> 741 <td rowspan="2">{@link android.provider.ContactsContract.Groups}</td> 742 <td rowspan="2">{@link android.provider.ContactsContract.GroupsColumns#GROUP_VISIBLE}</td> 743 <td>"0" - Cc lin lc trong nhm ny khng nn c hin th trong UI ng dng Android.</td> 744 <td> 745 Ct ny dnh cho tnh tng thch vi cc my ch m cho php ngi dng n cc lin lc trong 746 mt s nhm. 747 </td> 748 </tr> 749 <tr> 750 <td>"1" - Cc lin lc trong nhm ny c cho php hin th trong UI ng dng.</td> 751 </tr> 752 <tr> 753 <td rowspan="2">{@link android.provider.ContactsContract.Settings}</td> 754 <td rowspan="2"> 755 {@link android.provider.ContactsContract.SettingsColumns#UNGROUPED_VISIBLE}</td> 756 <td> 757 "0" - i vi ti khon v loi ti khon ny, nhng lin lc khng thuc v nhm 758 c n i vi UI ng dng Android. 759 </td> 760 <td rowspan="2"> 761 Theo mc nh, cc lin lc c hin th nu khng c lin lc th no ca chng thuc v mt nhm 762 (T cch thnh vin nhm i vi mt lin lc th c th hin bng mt hoc nhiu hng 763 {@link android.provider.ContactsContract.CommonDataKinds.GroupMembership} trong 764 bng {@link android.provider.ContactsContract.Data}). 765 Bng cch t c ny trong hng bng {@link android.provider.ContactsContract.Settings} i vi 766 mt loi ti khon v ti khon, bn c th buc nhng lin lc khng c nhm phi hin th. 767 Mt cng dng ca c ny l hin th lin lc t cc my ch khng s dng nhm. 768 </td> 769 </tr> 770 <tr> 771 <td> 772 "1" - i vi ti khon v loi ti khon ny, nhng lin lc khng thuc v nhm 773 s c hin th i vi UI ng dng. 774 </td> 775 776 </tr> 777 <tr> 778 <td>{@link android.provider.ContactsContract.SyncState}</td> 779 <td>(tt c)</td> 780 <td> 781 S dng bng ny lu gi siu d liu cho trnh iu hp ng b ca bn. 782 </td> 783 <td> 784 Vi bng ny, bn c th lu gi trng thi ng b v cc d liu khc lin quan ti ng b mt cch lu di 785 trn thit b. 786 </td> 787 </tr> 788 </table> 789 <h2 id="Access">Truy cp Trnh cung cp Danh b</h2> 790 <p> 791 Phn ny m t cc hng dn v truy cp d liu t Trnh cung cp Danh b, tp trung vo nhng 792 ni dung sau: 793 </p> 794 <ul> 795 <li> 796 Truy vn thc th. 797 </li> 798 <li> 799 Sa i hng lot. 800 </li> 801 <li> 802 Truy xut v sa i bng nh. 803 </li> 804 <li> 805 Ton vn d liu. 806 </li> 807 </ul> 808 <p> 809 Thc hin sa i t mt trnh iu hp ng b cng c cp chi tit hn trong phn 810 <a href="#SyncAdapters">Trnh iu hp ng b Trnh cung cp Danh b</a>. 811 </p> 812 <h3 id="Entities">Truy vn thc th</h3> 813 <p> 814 V cc bng ca Trnh cung cp Danh b c t chc theo mt phn cp, thng s hu ch nu 815 truy xut mt hng v tt c hng "con" c lin kt vi n. V d, hin th 816 tt c thng tin cho mt ngi, bn c th mun truy xut tt c hng 817 {@link android.provider.ContactsContract.RawContacts} i vi mt hng 818 {@link android.provider.ContactsContract.Contacts} n, hoc tt c hng 819 {@link android.provider.ContactsContract.CommonDataKinds.Email} i vi mt hng 820 {@link android.provider.ContactsContract.RawContacts} n. to iu kin cho iu ny, Trnh cung cp 821 Danh b s cung cp cc cu trc <strong>thc th</strong> ng vai tr nh lin kt c s d liu 822 gia cc bng. 823 </p> 824 <p> 825 Thc th ging nh mt bng bao gm cc ct c chn t mt bng m v bng con ca n. 826 Khi bn truy vn mt thc th, bn cung cp mt d tho v cc tiu ch da trn cc ct 827 c sn t thc th. Kt qu l mt {@link android.database.Cursor} trong cha 828 mt hng cho tng hng bng con c truy xut. V d, nu bn truy vn 829 {@link android.provider.ContactsContract.Contacts.Entity} cho mt tn lin lc 830 v tt c hng {@link android.provider.ContactsContract.CommonDataKinds.Email} i vi tt c 831 lin lc th cho tn , bn s nhn li mt {@link android.database.Cursor} cha mt hng 832 cho mi hng {@link android.provider.ContactsContract.CommonDataKinds.Email}. 833 </p> 834 <p> 835 Cc thc th s n gin ha vic truy vn. Bng cch s dng mt thc th, bn c th truy xut ngay lp tc tt c d liu danh b cho mt 836 lin lc hoc lin lc th, thay v phi truy vn bng m trc nhn mt 837 ID, v ri phi truy xut bng con bng ID . ng thi, Trnh cung cp Danh b x l 838 mt truy vn i vi mt thc th trong mt giao tc n, iu ny m bo rng d liu c truy xut s c 839 nht qun trong ni b. 840 </p> 841 <p class="note"> 842 <strong>Lu :</strong> Mt thc th thng khng cha tt c ct ca bng m v 843 bng con. Nu bn c gng lm vic vi mt tn ct khng c trong danh sch cc hng s tn ct 844 i vi thc th , bn s nhn c mt {@link java.lang.Exception}. 845 </p> 846 <p> 847 on m HTML sau cho bit cch truy xut tt c hng lin lc th cho mt lin lc. on m HTML 848 l b phn ca mt ng dng ln hn c hai hot ng, "chnh" v "chi tit". Hot ng chnh 849 hin th mt danh sch cc hng lin lc; khi ngi dng chn mt hng, hot ng s gi ID ca hng ti hot ng 850 chi tit. Hot ng chi tit s dng {@link android.provider.ContactsContract.Contacts.Entity} 851 hin th tt c hng d liu t tt c lin lc th c lin kt vi lin lc 852 chn. 853 </p> 854 <p> 855 on m HTML ny c ly t hot ng "chi tit": 856 </p> 857 <pre> 858 ... 859 /* 860 * Appends the entity path to the URI. In the case of the Contacts Provider, the 861 * expected URI is content://com.google.contacts/#/entity (# is the ID value). 862 */ 863 mContactUri = Uri.withAppendedPath( 864 mContactUri, 865 ContactsContract.Contacts.Entity.CONTENT_DIRECTORY); 866 867 // Initializes the loader identified by LOADER_ID. 868 getLoaderManager().initLoader( 869 LOADER_ID, // The identifier of the loader to initialize 870 null, // Arguments for the loader (in this case, none) 871 this); // The context of the activity 872 873 // Creates a new cursor adapter to attach to the list view 874 mCursorAdapter = new SimpleCursorAdapter( 875 this, // the context of the activity 876 R.layout.detail_list_item, // the view item containing the detail widgets 877 mCursor, // the backing cursor 878 mFromColumns, // the columns in the cursor that provide the data 879 mToViews, // the views in the view item that display the data 880 0); // flags 881 882 // Sets the ListView's backing adapter. 883 mRawContactList.setAdapter(mCursorAdapter); 884 ... 885 @Override 886 public Loader<Cursor> onCreateLoader(int id, Bundle args) { 887 888 /* 889 * Sets the columns to retrieve. 890 * RAW_CONTACT_ID is included to identify the raw contact associated with the data row. 891 * DATA1 contains the first column in the data row (usually the most important one). 892 * MIMETYPE indicates the type of data in the data row. 893 */ 894 String[] projection = 895 { 896 ContactsContract.Contacts.Entity.RAW_CONTACT_ID, 897 ContactsContract.Contacts.Entity.DATA1, 898 ContactsContract.Contacts.Entity.MIMETYPE 899 }; 900 901 /* 902 * Sorts the retrieved cursor by raw contact id, to keep all data rows for a single raw 903 * contact collated together. 904 */ 905 String sortOrder = 906 ContactsContract.Contacts.Entity.RAW_CONTACT_ID + 907 " ASC"; 908 909 /* 910 * Returns a new CursorLoader. The arguments are similar to 911 * ContentResolver.query(), except for the Context argument, which supplies the location of 912 * the ContentResolver to use. 913 */ 914 return new CursorLoader( 915 getApplicationContext(), // The activity's context 916 mContactUri, // The entity content URI for a single contact 917 projection, // The columns to retrieve 918 null, // Retrieve all the raw contacts and their data rows. 919 null, // 920 sortOrder); // Sort by the raw contact ID. 921 } 922 </pre> 923 <p> 924 Khi hon thnh vic ti, {@link android.app.LoaderManager} gi ra mt lnh gi li n 925 {@link android.app.LoaderManager.LoaderCallbacks#onLoadFinished(Loader, D) 926 onLoadFinished()}. Mt trong cc tham i n vi phng php ny l mt 927 {@link android.database.Cursor} vi cc kt qu ca truy vn. Trong ng dng ca chnh mnh, bn c th nhn d liu 928 t {@link android.database.Cursor} ny hin th n hoc thao tc thm vi n. 929 </p> 930 <h3 id="Transactions">Sa i hng lot</h3> 931 <p> 932 Bt c khi no c th, bn nn chn, cp nht v xa d liu trong Trnh cung cp Danh b trong 933 "ch hng lot", bng cch to mt {@link java.util.ArrayList} ca cc i tng 934 {@link android.content.ContentProviderOperation} v gi 935 {@link android.content.ContentResolver#applyBatch(String, ArrayList) applyBatch()}. V 936 Trnh cung cp Danh b thc hin tt c thao tc trong mt 937 {@link android.content.ContentResolver#applyBatch(String, ArrayList) applyBatch()} trong mt giao tc 938 n, cc sa i ca bn s khng bao gi ra khi kho lu gi danh b mt cch 939 khng nht qun. Sa i hng lot cng to iu kin cho vic chn mt lin lc th v d liu chi tit ca lin lc 940 ti cng thi im. 941 </p> 942 <p class="note"> 943 <strong>Lu :</strong> sa i mt lin lc th <em>n</em>, hy xt gi mt nh ti 944 ng dng danh b ca thit b thay v x l sa i trong ng dng ca bn. 945 Vic lm ny c m t chi tit hn trong phn 946 <a href="#Intents">Truy xut v sa i bng nh</a>. 947 </p> 948 <h4>im kt qu</h4> 949 <p> 950 Sa i hng lot cha nhiu thao tc c th chn cc tin trnh khc, 951 dn n tri nghim ngi dng tng th khng tt. sp xp t chc tt c sa i m bn mun 952 thc hin trong t danh sch ring nht c th, v ng thi ngn chng 953 chn h thng, bn nn t cc <strong>im kt qu</strong> cho mt hoc nhiu thao tc. 954 im kt qu l mt i tng {@link android.content.ContentProviderOperation} c gi tr 955 {@link android.content.ContentProviderOperation#isYieldAllowed()} c t thnh 956 <code>true</code>. Khi cc Trnh cung cp Danh b gp phi mt im kt qu, n tm dng cng vic 957 cho php cc tin trnh khc chy v ng giao tc hin ti. Khi trnh cung cp bt u li, n 958 tip tc vi thao tc tip theo trong {@link java.util.ArrayList} v bt u mt giao tc 959 mi. 960 </p> 961 <p> 962 im kt qu dn n c nhiu hn mt giao tc trn mi lnh gi ti 963 {@link android.content.ContentResolver#applyBatch(String, ArrayList) applyBatch()}. V 964 iu ny, bn nn t mt im kt qu cho thao tc cui cng i vi mt tp hp cc hng c lin quan. 965 V d, bn nn t mt im kt qu cho thao tc cui cng trong mt tp hp m thm 966 cc hng lin lc th v hng d liu lin kt ca chng, hoc thao tc cui cng i vi mt tp hp cc hng lin quan ti 967 mt lin lc ring l. 968 </p> 969 <p> 970 im kt qu cng l mt n v thao tc nguyn t. Tt c truy cp gia hai im kt qu s 971 hoc thnh cng hoc tht bi nh mt n v ring l. Nu bn khng t bt k im kt qu no, thao tc 972 nguyn t nh nht chnh l ton b lot thao tc. Nu s dng im kt qu, bn ngn cn 973 cc thao tc lm gim hiu sut ca h thng, ng thi m bo rng mt tp con ca 974 thao tc l tp nguyn t. 975 </p> 976 <h4>Tham chiu li sa i</h4> 977 <p> 978 Khi bn ang chn mt hng lin lc th mi v cc hng d liu lin kt ca n nh mt tp hp cc i tng 979 {@link android.content.ContentProviderOperation}, bn phi lin kt cc hng d liu vi 980 hng lin lc th bng cch chn gi tr 981 {@code android.provider.BaseColumns#_ID} ca lin lc th lm gi tr 982 {@link android.provider.ContactsContract.DataColumns#RAW_CONTACT_ID}. Tuy nhin, gi tr 983 ny khng c sn khi bn ang to {@link android.content.ContentProviderOperation} 984 cho hng d liu, v bn cha p dng 985 {@link android.content.ContentProviderOperation} cho hng lin lc th. khc phc iu ny, 986 lp {@link android.content.ContentProviderOperation.Builder} c phng php 987 {@link android.content.ContentProviderOperation.Builder#withValueBackReference(String, int) withValueBackReference()}. 988 Phng php ny cho php bn chn hoc sa i mt ct bng 989 kt qu ca mt thao tc trc . 990 </p> 991 <p> 992 Phng php {@link android.content.ContentProviderOperation.Builder#withValueBackReference(String, int) withValueBackReference()} 993 c hai tham i: 994 </p> 995 <dl> 996 <dt> 997 <code>key</code> 998 </dt> 999 <dd> 1000 Kha ca mt cp kha-gi tr. Gi tr ca tham i ny nn l tn ca mt ct 1001 trong bng m bn ang sa i. 1002 </dd> 1003 <dt> 1004 <code>previousResult</code> 1005 </dt> 1006 <dd> 1007 Ch mc da trn 0 ca mt gi tr trong mng i tng 1008 {@link android.content.ContentProviderResult} t 1009 {@link android.content.ContentResolver#applyBatch(String, ArrayList) applyBatch()}. Khi 1010 thao tc hng lot c p dng, kt qu ca mi thao tc c lu gi trong mt mng kt qu 1011 trung gian. Gi tr <code>previousResult</code> l ch mc 1012 ca mt trong nhng kt qu ny, n c truy xut v lu gi vi gi tr <code>key</code> 1013 . iu ny cho php bn chn mt bn ghi lin lc th mi v nhn li gi tr 1014 {@code android.provider.BaseColumns#_ID} ca n, ri thc hin mt "tham chiu ngc" v 1015 gi tr khi bn thm mt hng {@link android.provider.ContactsContract.Data}. 1016 <p> 1017 Ton b mng kt qu c to khi bn ln u gi 1018 {@link android.content.ContentResolver#applyBatch(String, ArrayList) applyBatch()}, 1019 vi kch c bng vi kch c ca {@link java.util.ArrayList} ca cc i tng 1020 {@link android.content.ContentProviderOperation} m bn cung cp. Tuy nhin, tt c 1021 cc phn t trong mng kt qu c t thnh <code>null</code>, v nu bn c gng 1022 thc hin tham chiu ngc ti mt kt qu cho mt thao tc cha c p dng, 1023 {@link android.content.ContentProviderOperation.Builder#withValueBackReference(String, int) withValueBackReference()} 1024 s a ra mt li {@link java.lang.Exception}. 1025 1026 </p> 1027 </dd> 1028 </dl> 1029 <p> 1030 Cc on m HTML sau minh ha cch chn mt lin lc th mi v d liu hng lot. Chng 1031 bao gm m thit lp mt im kt qu v s dng mt tham chiu li. on m HTML l mt 1032 phin bn m rng ca phng php <code>createContacEntry()</code>, n l mt phn ca lp 1033 <code>ContactAdder</code> trong ng dng mu 1034 <code><a href="{@docRoot}resources/samples/ContactManager/index.html"> 1035 Contact Manager</a></code>. 1036 </p> 1037 <p> 1038 on m HTML u tin truy xut d liu lin lc t UI. Ti im ny, ngi dng 1039 chn ti khon m lin lc th mi nn c thm cho ti khon . 1040 </p> 1041 <pre> 1042 // Creates a contact entry from the current UI values, using the currently-selected account. 1043 protected void createContactEntry() { 1044 /* 1045 * Gets values from the UI 1046 */ 1047 String name = mContactNameEditText.getText().toString(); 1048 String phone = mContactPhoneEditText.getText().toString(); 1049 String email = mContactEmailEditText.getText().toString(); 1050 1051 int phoneType = mContactPhoneTypes.get( 1052 mContactPhoneTypeSpinner.getSelectedItemPosition()); 1053 1054 int emailType = mContactEmailTypes.get( 1055 mContactEmailTypeSpinner.getSelectedItemPosition()); 1056 </pre> 1057 <p> 1058 on m HTML tip theo to mt thao tc chn hng lin lc th vo bng 1059 {@link android.provider.ContactsContract.RawContacts}: 1060 </p> 1061 <pre> 1062 /* 1063 * Prepares the batch operation for inserting a new raw contact and its data. Even if 1064 * the Contacts Provider does not have any data for this person, you can't add a Contact, 1065 * only a raw contact. The Contacts Provider will then add a Contact automatically. 1066 */ 1067 1068 // Creates a new array of ContentProviderOperation objects. 1069 ArrayList<ContentProviderOperation> ops = 1070 new ArrayList<ContentProviderOperation>(); 1071 1072 /* 1073 * Creates a new raw contact with its account type (server type) and account name 1074 * (user's account). Remember that the display name is not stored in this row, but in a 1075 * StructuredName data row. No other data is required. 1076 */ 1077 ContentProviderOperation.Builder op = 1078 ContentProviderOperation.newInsert(ContactsContract.RawContacts.CONTENT_URI) 1079 .withValue(ContactsContract.RawContacts.ACCOUNT_TYPE, mSelectedAccount.getType()) 1080 .withValue(ContactsContract.RawContacts.ACCOUNT_NAME, mSelectedAccount.getName()); 1081 1082 // Builds the operation and adds it to the array of operations 1083 ops.add(op.build()); 1084 </pre> 1085 <p> 1086 Tip theo, m to cc hng d liu cho hng tn hin th, in thoi v e-mail. 1087 </p> 1088 <p> 1089 Tng i tng b dng thao tc s s dng 1090 {@link android.content.ContentProviderOperation.Builder#withValueBackReference(String, int) withValueBackReference()} 1091 nhn 1092 {@link android.provider.ContactsContract.DataColumns#RAW_CONTACT_ID}. Tham chiu s tr 1093 ngc v i tng {@link android.content.ContentProviderResult} t thao tc u tin, 1094 l thao tc thm hng lin lc th v tr v gi tr {@code android.provider.BaseColumns#_ID} 1095 mi ca n. Kt qu l, mi hng d liu c t ng lin kt bi 1096 {@link android.provider.ContactsContract.DataColumns#RAW_CONTACT_ID} 1097 ca n vi hng {@link android.provider.ContactsContract.RawContacts} mi m n thuc v. 1098 </p> 1099 <p> 1100 i tng {@link android.content.ContentProviderOperation.Builder} thm hng e-mail s c 1101 gn c bng {@link android.content.ContentProviderOperation.Builder#withYieldAllowed(boolean) 1102 withYieldAllowed()}, m iu ny t mt im kt qu: 1103 </p> 1104 <pre> 1105 // Creates the display name for the new raw contact, as a StructuredName data row. 1106 op = 1107 ContentProviderOperation.newInsert(ContactsContract.Data.CONTENT_URI) 1108 /* 1109 * withValueBackReference sets the value of the first argument to the value of 1110 * the ContentProviderResult indexed by the second argument. In this particular 1111 * call, the raw contact ID column of the StructuredName data row is set to the 1112 * value of the result returned by the first operation, which is the one that 1113 * actually adds the raw contact row. 1114 */ 1115 .withValueBackReference(ContactsContract.Data.RAW_CONTACT_ID, 0) 1116 1117 // Sets the data row's MIME type to StructuredName 1118 .withValue(ContactsContract.Data.MIMETYPE, 1119 ContactsContract.CommonDataKinds.StructuredName.CONTENT_ITEM_TYPE) 1120 1121 // Sets the data row's display name to the name in the UI. 1122 .withValue(ContactsContract.CommonDataKinds.StructuredName.DISPLAY_NAME, name); 1123 1124 // Builds the operation and adds it to the array of operations 1125 ops.add(op.build()); 1126 1127 // Inserts the specified phone number and type as a Phone data row 1128 op = 1129 ContentProviderOperation.newInsert(ContactsContract.Data.CONTENT_URI) 1130 /* 1131 * Sets the value of the raw contact id column to the new raw contact ID returned 1132 * by the first operation in the batch. 1133 */ 1134 .withValueBackReference(ContactsContract.Data.RAW_CONTACT_ID, 0) 1135 1136 // Sets the data row's MIME type to Phone 1137 .withValue(ContactsContract.Data.MIMETYPE, 1138 ContactsContract.CommonDataKinds.Phone.CONTENT_ITEM_TYPE) 1139 1140 // Sets the phone number and type 1141 .withValue(ContactsContract.CommonDataKinds.Phone.NUMBER, phone) 1142 .withValue(ContactsContract.CommonDataKinds.Phone.TYPE, phoneType); 1143 1144 // Builds the operation and adds it to the array of operations 1145 ops.add(op.build()); 1146 1147 // Inserts the specified email and type as a Phone data row 1148 op = 1149 ContentProviderOperation.newInsert(ContactsContract.Data.CONTENT_URI) 1150 /* 1151 * Sets the value of the raw contact id column to the new raw contact ID returned 1152 * by the first operation in the batch. 1153 */ 1154 .withValueBackReference(ContactsContract.Data.RAW_CONTACT_ID, 0) 1155 1156 // Sets the data row's MIME type to Email 1157 .withValue(ContactsContract.Data.MIMETYPE, 1158 ContactsContract.CommonDataKinds.Email.CONTENT_ITEM_TYPE) 1159 1160 // Sets the email address and type 1161 .withValue(ContactsContract.CommonDataKinds.Email.ADDRESS, email) 1162 .withValue(ContactsContract.CommonDataKinds.Email.TYPE, emailType); 1163 1164 /* 1165 * Demonstrates a yield point. At the end of this insert, the batch operation's thread 1166 * will yield priority to other threads. Use after every set of operations that affect a 1167 * single contact, to avoid degrading performance. 1168 */ 1169 op.withYieldAllowed(true); 1170 1171 // Builds the operation and adds it to the array of operations 1172 ops.add(op.build()); 1173 </pre> 1174 <p> 1175 on m HTML cui cng hin th lnh gi ti 1176 {@link android.content.ContentResolver#applyBatch(String, ArrayList) applyBatch()} m 1177 chn lin lc th mi v cc hng d liu. 1178 </p> 1179 <pre> 1180 // Ask the Contacts Provider to create a new contact 1181 Log.d(TAG,"Selected account: " + mSelectedAccount.getName() + " (" + 1182 mSelectedAccount.getType() + ")"); 1183 Log.d(TAG,"Creating contact: " + name); 1184 1185 /* 1186 * Applies the array of ContentProviderOperation objects in batch. The results are 1187 * discarded. 1188 */ 1189 try { 1190 1191 getContentResolver().applyBatch(ContactsContract.AUTHORITY, ops); 1192 } catch (Exception e) { 1193 1194 // Display a warning 1195 Context ctx = getApplicationContext(); 1196 1197 CharSequence txt = getString(R.string.contactCreationFailure); 1198 int duration = Toast.LENGTH_SHORT; 1199 Toast toast = Toast.makeText(ctx, txt, duration); 1200 toast.show(); 1201 1202 // Log exception 1203 Log.e(TAG, "Exception encountered while inserting contact: " + e); 1204 } 1205 } 1206 </pre> 1207 <p> 1208 Thao tc hng lot cng cho php bn trin khai <strong>kim sot ng thi lc quan</strong>, 1209 mt phng php p dng cc giao tc sa i m khng phi kha kho lu gi lin quan. 1210 s dng phng php ny, bn p dng giao tc ri kim tra cc sa i khc m 1211 c th c thc hin ti cng thi im. Nu bn thy din ra mt sa i khng nht qun, 1212 hy quay lui giao tc ca bn v th li. 1213 </p> 1214 <p> 1215 Kim sot ng thi lc quan rt hu ch i vi thit b di ng, khi mi lc ch c mt ngi dng 1216 v vic truy cp ng thi vo mt kho lu gi d liu him khi xy ra. V khng s dng kha nn 1217 khng b lng ph thi gian cho vic thit t kha hay ch cc giao tc khc nh kha ca mnh. 1218 </p> 1219 <p> 1220 s dng kim sot ng thi lc quan trong khi ang cp nht mt hng 1221 {@link android.provider.ContactsContract.RawContacts} n, hy lm theo cc bc sau: 1222 </p> 1223 <ol> 1224 <li> 1225 Truy xut ct {@link android.provider.ContactsContract.SyncColumns#VERSION} 1226 ca lin lc th cng vi d liu khc m bn truy xut. 1227 </li> 1228 <li> 1229 To mt i tng {@link android.content.ContentProviderOperation.Builder} ph hp 1230 thi hnh mt rng buc, bng cch s dng phng php 1231 {@link android.content.ContentProviderOperation#newAssertQuery(Uri)}. i vi URI ni dung, 1232 s dng {@link android.provider.ContactsContract.RawContacts#CONTENT_URI 1233 RawContacts.CONTENT_URI} 1234 vi {@code android.provider.BaseColumns#_ID} ca lin lc th c ni vi n. 1235 </li> 1236 <li> 1237 i vi i tng {@link android.content.ContentProviderOperation.Builder}, hy gi 1238 {@link android.content.ContentProviderOperation.Builder#withValue(String, Object) 1239 withValue()} so snh ct {@link android.provider.ContactsContract.SyncColumns#VERSION} 1240 vi s phin bn bn va truy xut. 1241 </li> 1242 <li> 1243 i vi cng {@link android.content.ContentProviderOperation.Builder}, hy gi 1244 {@link android.content.ContentProviderOperation.Builder#withExpectedCount(int) 1245 withExpectedCount()} m bo rng ch mt hng c kim tra bng xc nhn ny. 1246 </li> 1247 <li> 1248 Gi {@link android.content.ContentProviderOperation.Builder#build()} to i tng 1249 {@link android.content.ContentProviderOperation}, ri thm i tng ny lm 1250 i tng u tin trong {@link java.util.ArrayList} m bn chuyn cho 1251 {@link android.content.ContentResolver#applyBatch(String, ArrayList) applyBatch()}. 1252 </li> 1253 <li> 1254 p dng giao tc hng lot. 1255 </li> 1256 </ol> 1257 <p> 1258 Nu hng lin lc th c cp nht bi mt thao tc khc gia thi im bn c hng v 1259 thi im bn c gng sa i n, "xc nhn" {@link android.content.ContentProviderOperation} 1260 s tht bi, v ton b lot thao tc s c rt khi. Sau , bn c th chn th li 1261 lot hoc thc hin mt hnh ng khc. 1262 </p> 1263 <p> 1264 on m HTML sau minh ha cch to mt "xc nhn" 1265 {@link android.content.ContentProviderOperation} sau khi truy vn mt lin lc th n bng cch s dng 1266 mt {@link android.content.CursorLoader}: 1267 </p> 1268 <pre> 1269 /* 1270 * The application uses CursorLoader to query the raw contacts table. The system calls this method 1271 * when the load is finished. 1272 */ 1273 public void onLoadFinished(Loader<Cursor> loader, Cursor cursor) { 1274 1275 // Gets the raw contact's _ID and VERSION values 1276 mRawContactID = cursor.getLong(cursor.getColumnIndex(BaseColumns._ID)); 1277 mVersion = cursor.getInt(cursor.getColumnIndex(SyncColumns.VERSION)); 1278 } 1279 1280 ... 1281 1282 // Sets up a Uri for the assert operation 1283 Uri rawContactUri = ContentUris.withAppendedId(RawContacts.CONTENT_URI, mRawContactID); 1284 1285 // Creates a builder for the assert operation 1286 ContentProviderOperation.Builder assertOp = ContentProviderOperation.netAssertQuery(rawContactUri); 1287 1288 // Adds the assertions to the assert operation: checks the version and count of rows tested 1289 assertOp.withValue(SyncColumns.VERSION, mVersion); 1290 assertOp.withExpectedCount(1); 1291 1292 // Creates an ArrayList to hold the ContentProviderOperation objects 1293 ArrayList ops = new ArrayList<ContentProviderOperationg>; 1294 1295 ops.add(assertOp.build()); 1296 1297 // You would add the rest of your batch operations to "ops" here 1298 1299 ... 1300 1301 // Applies the batch. If the assert fails, an Exception is thrown 1302 try 1303 { 1304 ContentProviderResult[] results = 1305 getContentResolver().applyBatch(AUTHORITY, ops); 1306 1307 } catch (OperationApplicationException e) { 1308 1309 // Actions you want to take if the assert operation fails go here 1310 } 1311 </pre> 1312 <h3 id="Intents">Truy xut v sa i bng nh</h3> 1313 <p> 1314 Vic gi mt nh ti ng dng danh b ca thit b cho php bn truy cp Trnh cung cp Danh b 1315 mt cch gin tip. nh s khi ng UI ng dng danh b ca thit b, trong ngi dng c th 1316 thc hin cng vic lin quan ti danh b. Vi kiu truy cp ny, ngi dng c th: 1317 <ul> 1318 <li>Chn mt lin lc t danh sch v tr n v ng dng ca bn lm vic tip.</li> 1319 <li>Chnh sa d liu ca mt lin lc hin c.</li> 1320 <li>Chn mt lin lc th mi cho bt k ti khon no ca h.</li> 1321 <li>Xa mt lin lc hoc d liu danh b.</li> 1322 </ul> 1323 <p> 1324 Nu ngi dng ang chn hoc cp nht d liu, bn c th thu thp d liu trc v gi n nh 1325 mt phn ca nh. 1326 </p> 1327 <p> 1328 Khi bn s dng nh truy cp Trnh cung cp Danh b thng qua ng dng danh b ca thit b, bn 1329 khng phi ghi UI hay m ca chnh mnh truy nhp trnh cung cp. Bn cng khng phi 1330 yu cu quyn c hoc ghi n trnh cung cp. ng dng danh b ca thit b c th 1331 cp quyn c i vi mt lin lc cho bn, v v bn ang thc hin sa i i vi 1332 trnh cung cp thng qua mt ng dng khc, bn khng cn phi c quyn ghi. 1333 </p> 1334 <p> 1335 Tin trnh chung gi mt nh nhm truy cp mt trnh cung cp c m t chi tit trong hng dn 1336 <a href="{@docRoot}guide/topics/providers/content-provider-basics.html"> 1337 Ni dung C bn v Trnh cung cp Ni dung</a> trong phn "Truy cp d liu thng qua nh." Hnh ng, 1338 kiu MIME, v cc gi tr d liu bn s dng cho cc tc v c sn c tm tt trong Bng 4, trong khi cc gi tr 1339 ph thm m bn c th s dng vi 1340 {@link android.content.Intent#putExtra(String, String) putExtra()} c lit k trong 1341 ti liu tham kho cho {@link android.provider.ContactsContract.Intents.Insert}: 1342 </p> 1343 <p class="table-caption" id="table4"> 1344 <strong>Bng 4.</strong> nh ca Trnh cung cp Danh b. 1345 </p> 1346 <table style="width:75%"> 1347 <tr> 1348 <th scope="col" style="width:10%">Tc v</th> 1349 <th scope="col" style="width:5%">Hnh ng</th> 1350 <th scope="col" style="width:10%">D liu</th> 1351 <th scope="col" style="width:10%">Kiu MIME</th> 1352 <th scope="col" style="width:25%">Lu </th> 1353 </tr> 1354 <tr> 1355 <td><strong>Chn mt lin lc t danh sch</strong></td> 1356 <td>{@link android.content.Intent#ACTION_PICK}</td> 1357 <td> 1358 Mt trong: 1359 <ul> 1360 <li> 1361 {@link android.provider.ContactsContract.Contacts#CONTENT_URI Contacts.CONTENT_URI}, 1362 m hin th mt danh sch cc lin lc. 1363 </li> 1364 <li> 1365 {@link android.provider.ContactsContract.CommonDataKinds.Phone#CONTENT_URI Phone.CONTENT_URI}, 1366 m hin th mt danh sch cc s in thoi cho mt lin lc th. 1367 </li> 1368 <li> 1369 {@link android.provider.ContactsContract.CommonDataKinds.StructuredPostal#CONTENT_URI 1370 StructuredPostal.CONTENT_URI}, 1371 m hin th mt danh sch cc a ch bu in cho mt lin lc th. 1372 </li> 1373 <li> 1374 {@link android.provider.ContactsContract.CommonDataKinds.Email#CONTENT_URI Email.CONTENT_URI}, 1375 m hin th mt danh sch cc a ch e-mail cho mt lin lc th. 1376 </li> 1377 </ul> 1378 </td> 1379 <td> 1380 Khng s dng 1381 </td> 1382 <td> 1383 Hin th mt danh sch cc lin lc th hoc danh sch d liu t mt lin lc th, ty vo kiu 1384 URI ni dung m bn cung cp. 1385 <p> 1386 Gi 1387 {@link android.app.Activity#startActivityForResult(Intent, int) startActivityForResult()}, 1388 n tr v URI ni dung ca hng c chn. Hnh thc ca URI l URI ni dung 1389 ca bng vi <code>LOOKUP_ID</code> ca hng c ni vi n. 1390 ng dng danh b ca thit b cp quyn c v ghi cho URI ni dung ny 1391 trong sut thi gian hot ng ca bn. Xem hng dn 1392 <a href="{@docRoot}guide/topics/providers/content-provider-basics.html"> 1393 Ni dung C bn v Trnh cung cp Ni dung</a> bit thm chi tit. 1394 </p> 1395 </td> 1396 </tr> 1397 <tr> 1398 <td><strong>Chn mt lin lc th mi</strong></td> 1399 <td>{@link android.provider.ContactsContract.Intents.Insert#ACTION Insert.ACTION}</td> 1400 <td>Khng p dng</td> 1401 <td> 1402 {@link android.provider.ContactsContract.RawContacts#CONTENT_TYPE 1403 RawContacts.CONTENT_TYPE}, kiu MIME cho mt tp hp lin cc lc th. 1404 </td> 1405 <td> 1406 Hin th mn hnh <strong>Thm Lin lc</strong> ca ng dng danh b ca thit b. Cc 1407 gi tr ph thm m bn thm vo nh s c hin th. Nu c gi bng 1408 {@link android.app.Activity#startActivityForResult(Intent, int) startActivityForResult()}, 1409 URI ni dung ca lin lc th mi thm s c chuyn li cho phng php gi li 1410 {@link android.app.Activity#onActivityResult(int, int, Intent) onActivityResult()} 1411 ca hot ng ca bn trong tham i {@link android.content.Intent}, trong 1412 trng "d liu". nhn gi tr, hy gi {@link android.content.Intent#getData()}. 1413 </td> 1414 </tr> 1415 <tr> 1416 <td><strong>Chnh sa mt lin lc</strong></td> 1417 <td>{@link android.content.Intent#ACTION_EDIT}</td> 1418 <td> 1419 {@link android.provider.ContactsContract.Contacts#CONTENT_LOOKUP_URI} i vi 1420 lin lc. Hot ng ca trnh chnh sa s cho php ngi dng chnh sa bt k d liu no c lin kt 1421 vi lin lc ny. 1422 </td> 1423 <td> 1424 {@link android.provider.ContactsContract.Contacts#CONTENT_ITEM_TYPE 1425 Contacts.CONTENT_ITEM_TYPE}, mt lin lc n.</td> 1426 <td> 1427 Hin th mn hnh Chnh sa Lin lc trong ng dng danh b. Cc gi tr ph thm m bn thm 1428 vo nh s c hin th. Khi ngi dng nhp vo <strong>Xong</strong> lu cc 1429 chnh sa, hot ng ca bn quay li tin cnh. 1430 </td> 1431 </tr> 1432 <tr> 1433 <td><strong>Hin th mt trnh chn m cng c th thm d liu.</strong></td> 1434 <td>{@link android.content.Intent#ACTION_INSERT_OR_EDIT}</td> 1435 <td> 1436 Khng p dng 1437 </td> 1438 <td> 1439 {@link android.provider.ContactsContract.Contacts#CONTENT_ITEM_TYPE} 1440 </td> 1441 <td> 1442 nh ny lun hin th mn hnh b chn ca ng dng danh b. Ngi dng c th hoc 1443 chn mt lin lc chnh sa, hoc thm mt lin lc mi. Hoc mn hnh chnh sa hoc mn hnh thm 1444 s xut hin, ty vo la chn ca ngi dng, v d liu ph thm m bn chuyn trong nh 1445 s c hin th. Nu ng dng ca bn hin th d liu chng hn nh e-mail hoc s in thoi, hy s dng 1446 nh ny cho php ngi dng thm d liu vo mt lin lc hin ti. 1447 lin lc, 1448 <p class="note"> 1449 <strong>Lu :</strong> Khng cn gi mt gi tr tn trong phn ph thm ca nh, 1450 v ngi dng lun chn mt tn hin c hoc thm mt tn mi. Thm na, 1451 nu bn gi mt tn, v ngi dng chn thc hin chnh sa, ng dng danh b s 1452 hin th tn m bn gi, ghi gi tr trc. Nu ngi dng khng 1453 thy iu ny v lu chnh sa, gi tr c s b mt. 1454 </p> 1455 </td> 1456 </tr> 1457 </table> 1458 <p> 1459 ng dng danh b ca thit b khng cho php bn xa mt lin lc th hay bt k d liu no bng mt 1460 nh. Thay vo , xa mt lin lc th, hy s dng 1461 {@link android.content.ContentResolver#delete(Uri, String, String[]) ContentResolver.delete()} 1462 hoc {@link android.content.ContentProviderOperation#newDelete(Uri) 1463 ContentProviderOperation.newDelete()}. 1464 </p> 1465 <p> 1466 on m HTML sau minh ha cch xy dng v gi mt nh chn mt lin lc th mi v 1467 d liu: 1468 </p> 1469 <pre> 1470 // Gets values from the UI 1471 String name = mContactNameEditText.getText().toString(); 1472 String phone = mContactPhoneEditText.getText().toString(); 1473 String email = mContactEmailEditText.getText().toString(); 1474 1475 String company = mCompanyName.getText().toString(); 1476 String jobtitle = mJobTitle.getText().toString(); 1477 1478 // Creates a new intent for sending to the device's contacts application 1479 Intent insertIntent = new Intent(ContactsContract.Intents.Insert.ACTION); 1480 1481 // Sets the MIME type to the one expected by the insertion activity 1482 insertIntent.setType(ContactsContract.RawContacts.CONTENT_TYPE); 1483 1484 // Sets the new contact name 1485 insertIntent.putExtra(ContactsContract.Intents.Insert.NAME, name); 1486 1487 // Sets the new company and job title 1488 insertIntent.putExtra(ContactsContract.Intents.Insert.COMPANY, company); 1489 insertIntent.putExtra(ContactsContract.Intents.Insert.JOB_TITLE, jobtitle); 1490 1491 /* 1492 * Demonstrates adding data rows as an array list associated with the DATA key 1493 */ 1494 1495 // Defines an array list to contain the ContentValues objects for each row 1496 ArrayList<ContentValues> contactData = new ArrayList<ContentValues>(); 1497 1498 1499 /* 1500 * Defines the raw contact row 1501 */ 1502 1503 // Sets up the row as a ContentValues object 1504 ContentValues rawContactRow = new ContentValues(); 1505 1506 // Adds the account type and name to the row 1507 rawContactRow.put(ContactsContract.RawContacts.ACCOUNT_TYPE, mSelectedAccount.getType()); 1508 rawContactRow.put(ContactsContract.RawContacts.ACCOUNT_NAME, mSelectedAccount.getName()); 1509 1510 // Adds the row to the array 1511 contactData.add(rawContactRow); 1512 1513 /* 1514 * Sets up the phone number data row 1515 */ 1516 1517 // Sets up the row as a ContentValues object 1518 ContentValues phoneRow = new ContentValues(); 1519 1520 // Specifies the MIME type for this data row (all data rows must be marked by their type) 1521 phoneRow.put( 1522 ContactsContract.Data.MIMETYPE, 1523 ContactsContract.CommonDataKinds.Phone.CONTENT_ITEM_TYPE 1524 ); 1525 1526 // Adds the phone number and its type to the row 1527 phoneRow.put(ContactsContract.CommonDataKinds.Phone.NUMBER, phone); 1528 1529 // Adds the row to the array 1530 contactData.add(phoneRow); 1531 1532 /* 1533 * Sets up the email data row 1534 */ 1535 1536 // Sets up the row as a ContentValues object 1537 ContentValues emailRow = new ContentValues(); 1538 1539 // Specifies the MIME type for this data row (all data rows must be marked by their type) 1540 emailRow.put( 1541 ContactsContract.Data.MIMETYPE, 1542 ContactsContract.CommonDataKinds.Email.CONTENT_ITEM_TYPE 1543 ); 1544 1545 // Adds the email address and its type to the row 1546 emailRow.put(ContactsContract.CommonDataKinds.Email.ADDRESS, email); 1547 1548 // Adds the row to the array 1549 contactData.add(emailRow); 1550 1551 /* 1552 * Adds the array to the intent's extras. It must be a parcelable object in order to 1553 * travel between processes. The device's contacts app expects its key to be 1554 * Intents.Insert.DATA 1555 */ 1556 insertIntent.putParcelableArrayListExtra(ContactsContract.Intents.Insert.DATA, contactData); 1557 1558 // Send out the intent to start the device's contacts app in its add contact activity. 1559 startActivity(insertIntent); 1560 </pre> 1561 <h3 id="DataIntegrity">Ton vn d liu</h3> 1562 <p> 1563 V kho lu gi danh b cha d liu quan trng v nhy cm m ngi dng cho l 1564 ng v cp nht, Trnh cung cp Danh b c cc quy tc v ton vn d liu c nh ngha r rng. Bn c 1565 trch nhim tun theo nhng quy tc ny khi sa i d liu danh b. Cc quy tc 1566 quan trng c lit k y: 1567 </p> 1568 <dl> 1569 <dt> 1570 Lun thm mt hng {@link android.provider.ContactsContract.CommonDataKinds.StructuredName} cho 1571 mi hng {@link android.provider.ContactsContract.RawContacts} m bn thm. 1572 </dt> 1573 <dd> 1574 Hng {@link android.provider.ContactsContract.RawContacts} khng c mt hng 1575 {@link android.provider.ContactsContract.CommonDataKinds.StructuredName} trong bng 1576 {@link android.provider.ContactsContract.Data} c th gy ra s c trong khi 1577 tng hp. 1578 </dd> 1579 <dt> 1580 Lun lin kt cc hng {@link android.provider.ContactsContract.Data} mi vi hng 1581 {@link android.provider.ContactsContract.RawContacts} m ca chng. 1582 </dt> 1583 <dd> 1584 Mi hng {@link android.provider.ContactsContract.Data} m khng c lin kt vi mt 1585 {@link android.provider.ContactsContract.RawContacts} s khng hin th trong ng dng danh b 1586 ca thit b, v n c th gy ra s c vi trnh iu hp ng b. 1587 </dd> 1588 <dt> 1589 Ch thay i d liu i vi nhng lin lc th m bn s hu. 1590 </dt> 1591 <dd> 1592 Nh rng Trnh cung cp Danh b lun qun l d liu t vi 1593 loi ti khon/dch v trc tuyn khc nhau. Bn cn m bo rng ng dng ca bn ch sa i 1594 hoc xa d liu i vi cc hng thuc v bn, v rng n ch chn d liu c 1595 loi v tn ti khon m bn kim sot. 1596 </dd> 1597 <dt> 1598 Lun s dng cc hng s c nh ngha trong {@link android.provider.ContactsContract} v cc lp con ca n 1599 i vi thm quyn, URI ni dung, ng dn URI, tn ct, kiu MIME, v cc gi tr 1600 {@link android.provider.ContactsContract.CommonDataKinds.CommonColumns#TYPE}. 1601 </dt> 1602 <dd> 1603 S dng nhng hng s ny s gip bn trnh gp li. Bn cng s c thng bo bng cnh bo 1604 t trnh bin dch nu bt k hng s no khng c chp nhn. 1605 </dd> 1606 </dl> 1607 <h3 id="CustomData">Hng d liu ty chnh</h3> 1608 <p> 1609 Bng cch to v s dng cc kiu MIME ty chnh ca chnh mnh, bn c th chn, chnh sa, xa v truy xut 1610 cc hng d liu ca chnh mnh trong bng {@link android.provider.ContactsContract.Data}. Cc hng ca bn 1611 b gii hn bng cch s dng ct c nh ngha trong 1612 {@link android.provider.ContactsContract.DataColumns}, mc d bn c th nh x 1613 tn ct theo kiu ca chnh mnh vi tn ct mc nh. Trong ng dng danh b ca thit b, 1614 d liu cho cc hng ca bn c hin th nhng khng th chnh sa hay xa c, v ngi dng khng th thm 1615 d liu b sung. cho php ngi dng sa i cc hng d liu ty chnh ca mnh, bn phi cung cp mt hot ng 1616 trnh chnh sa trong ng dng ca chnh mnh. 1617 </p> 1618 <p> 1619 hin th d liu ty chnh ca mnh, hy cung cp mt tp <code>contacts.xml</code> cha mt phn t 1620 <code><ContactsAccountType></code> v mt hoc nhiu phn t con 1621 <code><ContactsDataKind></code> ca n. iu ny c m t chi tit hn trong 1622 phn <a href="#SocialStreamDataKind"><code><ContactsDataKind> element</code></a>. 1623 </p> 1624 <p> 1625 tm hiu thm v cc kiu MIME ty chnh, hy c hng dn 1626 <a href="{@docRoot}guide/topics/providers/content-provider-creating.html"> 1627 To mt Trnh cung cp Ni dung</a>. 1628 </p> 1629 <h2 id="SyncAdapters">Trnh iu hp ng b Trnh cung cp Danh b</h2> 1630 <p> 1631 Trnh cung cp Danh b c thit k ring x l <strong>ng b ho</strong> 1632 d liu danh b gia mt thit b v mt dch v trc tuyn. iu ny cho php ngi dng ti 1633 d liu hin c xung mt thit b mi v ti d liu hin c ln mt ti khon mi. 1634 ng b ho cng m bo rng ngi dng c sn d liu mi nht, khng ph thuc vo 1635 ngun ca cc b sung v thay i. Mt u im khc ca ng b ho l n khin 1636 d liu danh b c sn ngay c khi thit b khng c kt ni vi mng. 1637 </p> 1638 <p> 1639 Mc d bn c th trin khai ng b ho theo nhiu cch, h thng Android cung cp 1640 mt khun kh ng b ha b tr c kh nng t ng ha nhng tc v sau: 1641 <ul> 1642 1643 <li> 1644 Kim tra s sn sng ca mng. 1645 </li> 1646 <li> 1647 Lp lch biu v thc hin ng b ho da trn ty chn ca ngi dng. 1648 </li> 1649 <li> 1650 Khi ng li nhng ng b ho dng. 1651 </li> 1652 </ul> 1653 <p> 1654 s dng khun kh ny, bn phi cung cp mt phn b tr trnh iu hp ng b. Mi trnh iu hp ng b l duy nht i vi 1655 mt dch v v trnh cung cp ni dung, nhng c th x l nhiu tn ti khon cho cng dch v. Khun kh 1656 cng cho php nhiu trnh iu hp ng b cho cng dch v v trnh cung cp. 1657 </p> 1658 <h3 id="SyncClassesFiles">Cc lp v tp trnh iu hp ng b</h3> 1659 <p> 1660 Bn trin khai mt trnh iu hp ng b lm lp con ca 1661 {@link android.content.AbstractThreadedSyncAdapter} v ci t n nh mt phn ca mt ng dng 1662 Android. H thng bit v trnh iu hp ng b t cc phn t trong bn k khai ng dng 1663 ca n, v t mt tp XML c bit c ch n trong bn k khai. Tp XML s nh ngha 1664 loi ti khon cho dch v trc tuyn v thm quyn cho trnh cung cp ni dung, cng nhau chng 1665 xc nh duy nht mt trnh iu hp. Trnh iu hp ng b khng c kch hot cho ti khi ngi dng thm mt 1666 ti khon cho loi ti khon ca trnh iu hp ng b v kch hot ng b ho cho trnh cung cp 1667 ni dung m trnh iu hp ng b s ng b cng. Ti thi im , h thng bt u qun l trnh iu hp, 1668 gi n nu cn thit ng b ho gia trnh cung cp ni dung v my ch. 1669 </p> 1670 <p class="note"> 1671 <strong>Lu :</strong> Vic s dng mt loi ti khon tham gia nhn bit trnh iu hp ng b s cho php 1672 h thng pht hin v nhm cng nhau nhng trnh iu hp ng b truy cp cc dch v khc nhau t 1673 cng t chc. V d, cc trnh iu hp ng b cho dch v trc tuyn ca Google u c cng 1674 loi ti khon <code>com.google</code>. Khi ngi dng thm mt ti khon Google vo thit b ca mnh, tt c 1675 trnh iu hp ng b c ci t cho dch v Google c lit k cng nhau; mi trnh iu hp ng b 1676 c lit k s ng b vi mt trnh cung cp ni dung khc nhau trn thit b. 1677 </p> 1678 <p> 1679 V hu ht dch v u yu cu ngi dng xc minh danh tnh ca h trc khi truy cp 1680 d liu, h thng Android cung cp mt khun kh xc thc tng t nh v thng 1681 c s dng cng vi khun kh ca trnh iu hp ng b. Khun kh xc thc s dng 1682 cc trnh xc thc b tr l lp con ca 1683 {@link android.accounts.AbstractAccountAuthenticator}. Mt trnh xc thc s xc minh 1684 danh tnh ca ngi dng theo cc bc sau: 1685 <ol> 1686 <li> 1687 Thu thp tn, mt khu hoc thng tin tng t ca ngi dng ( 1688 <strong>thng tin xc thc</strong> ca ngi dng). 1689 </li> 1690 <li> 1691 Gi thng tin xc thc ti dch v 1692 </li> 1693 <li> 1694 Kim tra tr li ca dch v. 1695 </li> 1696 </ol> 1697 <p> 1698 Nu dch v chp nhn thng tin xc thc, trnh xc thc c th 1699 lu gi thng tin xc thc s dng sau. V khun kh trnh xc thc b tr, 1700 {@link android.accounts.AccountManager} c th cung cp quyn truy cp bt k token xc thc no m mt trnh xc thc 1701 h tr v chn hin ra, chng hn nh token xc thc OAuth2. 1702 </p> 1703 <p> 1704 Mc d khng yu cu xc thc, phn ln dch v danh b u s dng n. 1705 Tuy nhin, bn khng phi s dng khun kh xc thc ca Android thc hin xc thc. 1706 </p> 1707 <h3 id="SyncAdapterImplementing">Trin khai trnh iu hp ng b</h3> 1708 <p> 1709 trin khai mt trnh iu hp ng b cho Trnh cung cp Danh b, bn bt u bng cch to mt 1710 ng dng Android cha: 1711 </p> 1712 <dl> 1713 <dt> 1714 Mt thnh phn {@link android.app.Service} hi p li cc yu cu t h thng nhm 1715 gn kt vi trnh iu hp ng b. 1716 </dt> 1717 <dd> 1718 Khi h thng mun chy ng b ho, n gi phng php 1719 {@link android.app.Service#onBind(Intent) onBind()} ca dch v v nhn mt 1720 {@link android.os.IBinder} cho trnh iu hp ng b. iu ny cho php h thng thc hin 1721 lnh gi lin tin trnh ti cc phng php ca trnh iu hp. 1722 <p> 1723 Trong ng dng mu<a href="{@docRoot}resources/samples/SampleSyncAdapter/index.html"> 1724 Trnh iu hp ng b Mu</a>, tn lp ca dch v ny l 1725 <code>com.example.android.samplesync.syncadapter.SyncService</code>. 1726 </p> 1727 </dd> 1728 <dt> 1729 Trnh iu hp ng b thc t, c trin khai nh mt lp con c th ca 1730 {@link android.content.AbstractThreadedSyncAdapter}. 1731 </dt> 1732 <dd> 1733 Lp ny thc hin cng vic ti xung d liu t my ch, ti ln d liu t 1734 thit b, v x l xung t. Cng vic chnh ca trnh iu hp c 1735 thc hin trong phng php {@link android.content.AbstractThreadedSyncAdapter#onPerformSync( 1736 Account, Bundle, String, ContentProviderClient, SyncResult) 1737 onPerformSync()}. Lp ny phi c khi to nh mt i tng duy nht (singleton). 1738 <p> 1739 Trong ng dng mu <a href="{@docRoot}resources/samples/SampleSyncAdapter/index.html"> 1740 Trnh iu hp ng b Mu</a>, trnh iu hp ng b c nh ngha trong lp 1741 <code>com.example.android.samplesync.syncadapter.SyncAdapter</code>. 1742 </p> 1743 </dd> 1744 <dt> 1745 Mt lp con ca {@link android.app.Application}. 1746 </dt> 1747 <dd> 1748 Lp ny ng vai tr nh mt nh my cho i tng duy nht ca trnh iu hp ng b. S dng phng php 1749 {@link android.app.Application#onCreate()} khi to trnh iu hp ng b, v 1750 cung cp mt phng php "b nhn" tnh tr i tng duy nht v phng php 1751 {@link android.app.Service#onBind(Intent) onBind()} ca dch v 1752 ca trnh iu hp ng b. 1753 </dd> 1754 <dt> 1755 <strong>Ty chn:</strong> Mt thnh phn {@link android.app.Service} hi p li 1756 cc yu cu t h thng v xc thc ngi dng. 1757 </dt> 1758 <dd> 1759 {@link android.accounts.AccountManager} khi ng dch v ny bt u tin trnh 1760 xc thc. Phng php {@link android.app.Service#onCreate()} ca dch v ny s khi to mt 1761 i tng trnh xc thc. Khi h thng mun xc thc mt ti khon ngi dng cho trnh iu hp ng b 1762 ca ng dng, n s gi phng php 1763 {@link android.app.Service#onBind(Intent) onBind()} ca dch v nhn mt 1764 {@link android.os.IBinder} cho trnh xc thc. iu ny cho php h thng thc hin 1765 lnh gi lin tin trnh ti cc phng php ca trnh xc thc. 1766 <p> 1767 Trong ng dng mu<a href="{@docRoot}resources/samples/SampleSyncAdapter/index.html"> 1768 Trnh iu hp ng b Mu</a>, tn lp ca dch v ny l 1769 <code>com.example.android.samplesync.authenticator.AuthenticationService</code>. 1770 </p> 1771 </dd> 1772 <dt> 1773 <strong>Ty chn:</strong> Mt lp con c th ca 1774 {@link android.accounts.AbstractAccountAuthenticator} x l cc yu cu v 1775 xc thc. 1776 </dt> 1777 <dd> 1778 Lp ny cung cp cc phng php m {@link android.accounts.AccountManager} gi ra 1779 xc thc cc thng tin xc thc ca ngi dng vi my ch. Cc chi tit ca 1780 tin trnh xc thc rt khc nhau da trn cng ngh my ch ang s dng. Bn nn 1781 tham kho ti liu cho phn mm my ch ca mnh tm hiu thm v xc thc. 1782 <p> 1783 Trong ng dng mu <a href="{@docRoot}resources/samples/SampleSyncAdapter/index.html"> 1784 Trnh iu hp ng b Mu</a>, trnh xc thc c nh ngha trong lp 1785 <code>com.example.android.samplesync.authenticator.Authenticator</code>. 1786 </p> 1787 </dd> 1788 <dt> 1789 Cc tp XML nh ngha trnh iu hp ng b v trnh xc thc cho h thng. 1790 </dt> 1791 <dd> 1792 Cc thnh phn dch v trnh iu hp ng b v trnh xc thc nu c 1793 nh ngha trong cc phn t 1794 <code><<a href="{@docRoot}guide/topics/manifest/service-element.html">service</a>></code> 1795 bn k khai ca ng dng. Nhng phn t ny 1796 cha cc phn t con 1797 <code><<a href="{@docRoot}guide/topics/manifest/meta-data-element.html">meta-data</a>></code> 1798 m cung cp d liu c th cho 1799 h thng: 1800 <ul> 1801 <li> 1802 Phn t 1803 <code><<a href="{@docRoot}guide/topics/manifest/meta-data-element.html">meta-data</a>></code> 1804 cho dch v trnh iu hp ng b s tr v 1805 tp XML <code>res/xml/syncadapter.xml</code>. n lt mnh, tp ny quy nh 1806 mt URI cho dch v web m s c ng b ha vi Trnh cung cp Danh b, 1807 v mt loi ti khon cho dch v web. 1808 </li> 1809 <li> 1810 <strong>Ty chn:</strong> Phn t 1811 <code><<a href="{@docRoot}guide/topics/manifest/meta-data-element.html">meta-data</a>></code> 1812 cho trnh xc thc s tr v tp XML 1813 <code>res/xml/authenticator.xml</code>. n lt mnh, tp ny quy nh 1814 loi ti khon m trnh xc thc ny h tr, cng nh cc ti nguyn UI m 1815 xut hin trong tin trnh xc thc. Loi ti khon c quy nh trong phn t 1816 ny phi ging nh loi ti khon c quy nh cho trnh iu hp 1817 ng b. 1818 </li> 1819 </ul> 1820 </dd> 1821 </dl> 1822 <h2 id="SocialStream">D liu t Lung X hi</h2> 1823 <p> 1824 Cc bng {@code android.provider.ContactsContract.StreamItems} v 1825 {@code android.provider.ContactsContract.StreamItemPhotos} qun l 1826 d liu n t cc mng x hi. Bn c th ghi mt trnh iu hp ng b m thm d liu lung t 1827 mng ca chnh mnh vo nhng bng ny, hoc bn c th c d liu lung t nhng bng ny v 1828 hin th n trong ng dng ca chnh mnh, hoc c hai. Vi nhng tnh nng ny, cc dch v v ng dng 1829 mng x hi ca bn c th c tch hp vo tri nghim mng x hi ca Android. 1830 </p> 1831 <h3 id="StreamText">Vn bn t lung x hi</h3> 1832 <p> 1833 Cc mc dng d liu lun c lin kt vi mt lin lc th. 1834 {@code android.provider.ContactsContract.StreamItemsColumns#RAW_CONTACT_ID} lin kt vi gi tr 1835 <code>_ID</code> ca lin lc th mi. Loi ti khon v tn ti khon ca lin lc th 1836 cng c lu gi trong hng mc dng. 1837 </p> 1838 <p> 1839 Lu gi d liu t lung ca bn vo nhng ct sau: 1840 </p> 1841 <dl> 1842 <dt> 1843 {@code android.provider.ContactsContract.StreamItemsColumns#ACCOUNT_TYPE} 1844 </dt> 1845 <dd> 1846 <strong>Bt buc.</strong> Loi ti khon ca ngi dng i vi lin lc th c lin kt vi mc dng 1847 ny. Nh t gi tr ny khi bn chn mt mc dng. 1848 </dd> 1849 <dt> 1850 {@code android.provider.ContactsContract.StreamItemsColumns#ACCOUNT_NAME} 1851 </dt> 1852 <dd> 1853 <strong>Bt buc.</strong> Tn ti khon ca ngi dng i vi lin lc th c lin kt vi mc dng 1854 ny. Nh t gi tr ny khi bn chn mt mc dng. 1855 </dd> 1856 <dt> 1857 Ct m nh danh 1858 </dt> 1859 <dd> 1860 <strong>Bt buc.</strong> Bn phi chn cc ct m nh danh sau khi chn 1861 mt mc dng: 1862 <ul> 1863 <li> 1864 {@code android.provider.ContactsContract.StreamItemsColumns#CONTACT_ID}: Gi tr 1865 {@code android.provider.BaseColumns#_ID} ca lin lc m mc dng 1866 ny c lin kt vi. 1867 </li> 1868 <li> 1869 {@code android.provider.ContactsContract.StreamItemsColumns#CONTACT_LOOKUP_KEY}: Gi tr 1870 {@code android.provider.ContactsContract.ContactsColumns#LOOKUP_KEY} ca lin lc 1871 m mc dng ny c lin kt vi. 1872 </li> 1873 <li> 1874 {@code android.provider.ContactsContract.StreamItemsColumns#RAW_CONTACT_ID}: Gi tr 1875 {@code android.provider.BaseColumns#_ID} ca lin lc th m mc dng ny 1876 c lin kt vi. 1877 </li> 1878 </ul> 1879 </dd> 1880 <dt> 1881 {@code android.provider.ContactsContract.StreamItemsColumns#COMMENTS} 1882 </dt> 1883 <dd> 1884 Ty chn. Lu gi thng tin tm tt m bn c th hin th phn u ca mt mc dng. 1885 </dd> 1886 <dt> 1887 {@code android.provider.ContactsContract.StreamItemsColumns#TEXT} 1888 </dt> 1889 <dd> 1890 Vn bn ca mc dng, hoc l ni dung c ng bi ngun ca mc , 1891 hoc l m t v mt s hnh ng khi to mc dng. Ct ny c th cha 1892 bt k hnh nh ti nguyn nh dng v c nhng no m c th c kt xut bi 1893 {@link android.text.Html#fromHtml(String) fromHtml()}. Trnh cung cp c th ct bt hoc 1894 ct ngn bng du ba chm cc ni dung di, nhng s c gng trnh lm hng cc tag. 1895 </dd> 1896 <dt> 1897 {@code android.provider.ContactsContract.StreamItemsColumns#TIMESTAMP} 1898 </dt> 1899 <dd> 1900 Xu vn bn cha thi gian m mc dng c chn hoc cp nht, c 1901 dng <em>mili giy</em> tri qua k t gi epoch. Nhng ng dng chn hoc cp nht mc dng s chu 1902 trch nhim duy tr ct ny; n khng c t ng duy tr bi 1903 Trnh cung cp Danh b. 1904 </dd> 1905 </dl> 1906 <p> 1907 hin th thng tin nhn dng cho cc mc dng ca bn, hy s dng 1908 {@code android.provider.ContactsContract.StreamItemsColumns#RES_ICON}, 1909 {@code android.provider.ContactsContract.StreamItemsColumns#RES_LABEL}, v 1910 {@code android.provider.ContactsContract.StreamItemsColumns#RES_PACKAGE} lin kt vi cc ti nguyn 1911 trong ng dng ca mnh. 1912 </p> 1913 <p> 1914 Bng {@code android.provider.ContactsContract.StreamItems} cha cc ct 1915 {@code android.provider.ContactsContract.StreamItemsColumns#SYNC1} thng qua 1916 {@code android.provider.ContactsContract.StreamItemsColumns#SYNC4} dnh ring s dng 1917 trnh iu hp ng b. 1918 </p> 1919 <h3 id="StreamPhotos">nh t lung x hi</h3> 1920 <p> 1921 Bng {@code android.provider.ContactsContract.StreamItemPhotos} lu gi nh c lin kt 1922 vi mt mc dng. Ct 1923 {@code android.provider.ContactsContract.StreamItemPhotosColumns#STREAM_ITEM_ID} ca bng 1924 lin kt vi cc gi tr trong {@code android.provider.BaseColumns#_ID} ca bng 1925 {@code android.provider.ContactsContract.StreamItems}. Cc tham chiu nh c lu gi trong 1926 bng nhng ct ny: 1927 </p> 1928 <dl> 1929 <dt> 1930 Ct {@code android.provider.ContactsContract.StreamItemPhotos#PHOTO} (mt BLOB). 1931 </dt> 1932 <dd> 1933 Biu din dng nh phn ca nh, c trnh cung cp i kch c lu gi v hin th. 1934 Ct ny c sn tng thch ngc vi cc phin bn trc ca Trnh cung cp 1935 Danh b m s dng n lu gi nh. Tuy nhin, trong phin bn hin ti 1936 bn khng nn s dng ct ny lu gi nh. Thay vo , hy s dng 1937 hoc {@code android.provider.ContactsContract.StreamItemPhotosColumns#PHOTO_FILE_ID} hoc 1938 {@code android.provider.ContactsContract.StreamItemPhotosColumns#PHOTO_URI} (c hai 1939 u c m t trong cc im sau) lu gi nh trong mt tp. Lc ny, ct ny 1940 cha mt hnh thu nh ca nh sn sng c. 1941 </dd> 1942 <dt> 1943 {@code android.provider.ContactsContract.StreamItemPhotosColumns#PHOTO_FILE_ID} 1944 </dt> 1945 <dd> 1946 Mt m nh danh dng s ca nh cho mt lin lc th. Ni gi tr ny vi hng s 1947 {@link android.provider.ContactsContract.DisplayPhoto#CONTENT_URI DisplayPhoto.CONTENT_URI} 1948 nhn mt URI ni dung tr v mt tp nh n, ri gi 1949 {@link android.content.ContentResolver#openAssetFileDescriptor(Uri, String) 1950 openAssetFileDescriptor()} nhn mt iu khin (handle) cho tp nh. 1951 </dd> 1952 <dt> 1953 {@code android.provider.ContactsContract.StreamItemPhotosColumns#PHOTO_URI} 1954 </dt> 1955 <dd> 1956 Mt URI ni dung tr trc tip ti tp nh cho nh c i din bi hng ny. 1957 Gi {@link android.content.ContentResolver#openAssetFileDescriptor(Uri, String) 1958 openAssetFileDescriptor()} bng URI ny nhn mt iu khin (handle) cho tp nh. 1959 </dd> 1960 </dl> 1961 <h3 id="SocialStreamTables">S dng cc bng lung x hi</h3> 1962 <p> 1963 Nhng bng ny hot ng ging nh cc bng chnh khc trong Trnh cung cp Danh b, ngoi tr: 1964 </p> 1965 <ul> 1966 <li> 1967 Nhng bng ny yu cu quyn truy cp b sung. c t chng, ng dng ca bn 1968 phi c quyn {@code android.Manifest.permission#READ_SOCIAL_STREAM}. 1969 sa i chng, ng dng ca bn phi c quyn 1970 {@code android.Manifest.permission#WRITE_SOCIAL_STREAM}. 1971 </li> 1972 <li> 1973 i vi bng {@code android.provider.ContactsContract.StreamItems}, s hng 1974 c lu gi cho mi lin lc th s b gii hn. Sau khi t n gii hn ny, 1975 Trnh cung cp Danh b s to khong trng cho cc hng mc dng mi bng cch t ng xa 1976 nhng hng c 1977 {@code android.provider.ContactsContract.StreamItemsColumns#TIMESTAMP} lu nht. nhn 1978 gii hn, hy pht hnh mt truy vn ti URI ni dung 1979 {@code android.provider.ContactsContract.StreamItems#CONTENT_LIMIT_URI}. Bn c th 1980 tt c cc tham i khc ngoi URI ni dung c t v <code>null</code>. Truy vn 1981 tr v mt Con chy cha mt hng n, vi ct n 1982 {@code android.provider.ContactsContract.StreamItems#MAX_ITEMS}. 1983 </li> 1984 </ul> 1985 1986 <p> 1987 Lp {@code android.provider.ContactsContract.StreamItems.StreamItemPhotos} nh ngha mt 1988 bng con {@code android.provider.ContactsContract.StreamItemPhotos} cha cc hng nh 1989 cho mt mc dng n. 1990 </p> 1991 <h3 id="SocialStreamInteraction">Tng tc t lung x hi</h3> 1992 <p> 1993 D liu t lung x hi c qun l bi Trnh cung cp Danh b, kt hp vi 1994 ng dng danh b ca thit b, cung cp mt cch hiu qu kt ni h thng mng x hi ca bn 1995 vi cc lin lc hin ti. C sn nhng tnh nng sau: 1996 </p> 1997 <ul> 1998 <li> 1999 Bng cch ng b dch v mng x hi ca bn vi Trnh cung cp Danh b bng mt trnh iu hp 2000 ng b, bn c th truy xut hot ng gn y i vi danh b ca mt ngi dng v lu gi n trong 2001 cc bng {@code android.provider.ContactsContract.StreamItems} v 2002 {@code android.provider.ContactsContract.StreamItemPhotos} s dng sau. 2003 </li> 2004 <li> 2005 Bn cnh vic ng b ho thng xuyn, bn c th kch khi trnh iu hp ng b ca mnh truy xut 2006 d liu b sung khi ngi dng chn mt lin lc xem. iu ny cho php trnh iu hp ng b ca bn 2007 truy xut nh phn gii cao v cc mc dng gn y nht cho lin lc . 2008 </li> 2009 <li> 2010 Bng cch ng k mt thng bo vi ng dng danh b ca thit b v Trnh cung cp 2011 Danh b, bn c th <em>nhn</em> mt nh khi mt lin lc c xem, v ti thi im , 2012 cp nht trng thi ca lin lc t dch v ca bn. Phng php ny c th nhanh hn v s dng t 2013 bng thng hn vic thc hin ng b y vi mt trnh iu hp ng b. 2014 </li> 2015 <li> 2016 Ngi dng c th thm mt lin lc vo dch v mng x hi ca mnh trong khi ang xem lin lc 2017 trong ng dng danh b ca thit b. Bn kch hot iu ny bng tnh nng "mi lin lc", 2018 theo cho php kt hp mt hot ng thm mt lin lc hin c vo mng 2019 ca bn, v mt tp XML cung cp cho ng dng danh b ca thit b v 2020 Trnh cung cp Danh b thng tin chi tit v ng dng ca bn. 2021 </li> 2022 </ul> 2023 <p> 2024 ng b ha thng xuyn cc mc dng vi Trnh cung cp Danh b ging nh 2025 cc trng hp ng b ho khc. tm hiu thm v ng b ho, hy xem phn 2026 <a href="#SyncAdapters">Trnh iu hp ng b Trnh cung cp Danh b</a>. Vic ng k thng tin v 2027 mi lin lc c cp trong hai phn tip theo. 2028 </p> 2029 <h4>ng k x l cc lt xem mng x hi</h4> 2030 <p> 2031 ng k trnh iu hp ng b ca bn nhn thng bo khi ngi dng xem mt lin lc do 2032 trnh iu hp ng b ca bn qun l: 2033 </p> 2034 <ol> 2035 <li> 2036 To mt tp c tn <code>contacts.xml</code> trong th mc <code>res/xml/</code> 2037 ca d n ca bn. Nu c tp ny, bn c th b qua bc ny. 2038 </li> 2039 <li> 2040 Trong tp ny, hy thm phn t 2041 <code><ContactsAccountType xmlns:android="http://schemas.android.com/apk/res/android"></code>. 2042 Nu phn t ny tn ti, bn c th b qua bc ny. 2043 </li> 2044 <li> 2045 ng k mt dch v c thng bo khi ngi dng m trang chi tit ca mt lin lc trong 2046 ng dng danh b ca thit b, hy thm thuc tnh 2047 <code>viewContactNotifyService="<em>serviceclass</em>"</code> vo phn t, trong 2048 <code><em>serviceclass</em></code> l tn lp c p ng y ca dch v 2049 m s nhn nh t ng dng danh b ca thit b. i vi dch v 2050 trnh thng bo, hy s dng mt lp m rng {@link android.app.IntentService}, cho php dch v 2051 nhn cc nh. D liu trong nh n cha URI ni dung ca lin lc 2052 th m ngi dng nhp vo. T dch v trnh thng bo, bn c th gn kt vi ri gi trnh iu hp ng b 2053 ca bn cp nht d liu cho lin lc th. 2054 </li> 2055 </ol> 2056 <p> 2057 ng k mt hot ng s c gi khi ngi dng nhp vo mt mc dng hay nh hoc c hai: 2058 </p> 2059 <ol> 2060 <li> 2061 To mt tp c tn <code>contacts.xml</code> trong th mc <code>res/xml/</code> 2062 ca d n ca bn. Nu c tp ny, bn c th b qua bc ny. 2063 </li> 2064 <li> 2065 Trong tp ny, hy thm phn t 2066 <code><ContactsAccountType xmlns:android="http://schemas.android.com/apk/res/android"></code>. 2067 Nu phn t ny tn ti, bn c th b qua bc ny. 2068 </li> 2069 <li> 2070 ng k mt trong cc hot ng ca bn s x l khi ngi dng nhp vo mt mc dng trong 2071 ng dng danh b ca thit b, hy thm thuc tnh 2072 <code>viewStreamItemActivity="<em>activityclass</em>"</code> vo phn t , trong 2073 <code><em>activityclass</em></code> l tn lp c xc nh y ca hot ng 2074 m s nhn nh t ng dng danh b ca thit b. 2075 </li> 2076 <li> 2077 ng k mt trong cc hot ng ca bn s x l khi ngi dng nhp vo mt nh lung trong 2078 ng dng danh b ca thit b, hy thm thuc tnh 2079 <code>viewStreamItemPhotoActivity="<em>activityclass</em>"</code> vo phn t , trong 2080 <code><em>activityclass</em></code> l tn lp c xc nh y ca hot ng 2081 m s nhn nh t ng dng danh b ca thit b. 2082 </li> 2083 </ol> 2084 <p> 2085 Phn t <code><ContactsAccountType></code> c m t chi tit hn trong mc 2086 phn t <a href="#SocialStreamAcctType"><ContactsAccountType></a>. 2087 </p> 2088 <p> 2089 nh n cha URI ni dung ca mc hoc nh m ngi dng nhp vo. 2090 c cc hot ng ring cho cc mc vn bn v nh, hy s dng c hai thuc tnh trong cng tp. 2091 </p> 2092 <h4>Tng tc vi dch v mng x hi ca bn</h4> 2093 <p> 2094 Ngi dng khng phi ri ng dng danh b ca thit b mi mt lin lc ti trang mng x hi 2095 ca bn. Thay vo , bn c th thit t ng dng danh b ca thit b gi mt nh mi 2096 lin lc ti mt trong cc hot ng ca mnh. thit t iu ny: 2097 </p> 2098 <ol> 2099 <li> 2100 To mt tp c tn <code>contacts.xml</code> trong th mc <code>res/xml/</code> 2101 ca d n ca bn. Nu c tp ny, bn c th b qua bc ny. 2102 </li> 2103 <li> 2104 Trong tp ny, hy thm phn t 2105 <code><ContactsAccountType xmlns:android="http://schemas.android.com/apk/res/android"></code>. 2106 Nu phn t ny tn ti, bn c th b qua bc ny. 2107 </li> 2108 <li> 2109 Thm cc thuc tnh sau: 2110 <ul> 2111 <li><code>inviteContactActivity="<em>activityclass</em>"</code></li> 2112 <li> 2113 <code>inviteContactActionLabel="@string/<em>invite_action_label</em>"</code> 2114 </li> 2115 </ul> 2116 Gi tr <code><em>activityclass</em></code> l tn lp c xc nh y ca hot ng 2117 m s nhn c nh. Gi tr <code><em>invite_action_label</em></code> 2118 l mt xu vn bn c hin th trong menu <strong>Thm Kt ni</strong> trong ng dng danh b 2119 ca thit b. 2120 </li> 2121 </ol> 2122 <p class="note"> 2123 <strong>Lu :</strong> <code>ContactsSource</code> l mt tn tag khng c chp nhn i vi 2124 <code>ContactsAccountType</code>. 2125 </p> 2126 <h3 id="ContactsFile">Tham chiu contacts.xml</h3> 2127 <p> 2128 Tp <code>contacts.xml</code> cha cc phn t XML c chc nng kim sot tng tc gia 2129 trnh iu hp ng b v ng dng ca bn vi ng dng danh b v Trnh cung cp Danh b. Nhng 2130 phn t ny c m t trong cc mc sau. 2131 </p> 2132 <h4 id="SocialStreamAcctType">Thnh phn <ContactsAccountType></h4> 2133 <p> 2134 Phn t <code><ContactsAccountType></code> kim sot tng tc gia 2135 ng dng ca bn vi ng dng danh b. N c nhng c php sau: 2136 </p> 2137 <pre> 2138 <ContactsAccountType 2139 xmlns:android="http://schemas.android.com/apk/res/android" 2140 inviteContactActivity="<em>activity_name</em>" 2141 inviteContactActionLabel="<em>invite_command_text</em>" 2142 viewContactNotifyService="<em>view_notify_service</em>" 2143 viewGroupActivity="<em>group_view_activity</em>" 2144 viewGroupActionLabel="<em>group_action_text</em>" 2145 viewStreamItemActivity="<em>viewstream_activity_name</em>" 2146 viewStreamItemPhotoActivity="<em>viewphotostream_activity_name</em>"> 2147 </pre> 2148 <p> 2149 <strong>cha trong:</strong> 2150 </p> 2151 <p> 2152 <code>res/xml/contacts.xml</code> 2153 </p> 2154 <p> 2155 <strong>c th cha:</strong> 2156 </p> 2157 <p> 2158 <strong><code><ContactsDataKind></code></strong> 2159 </p> 2160 <p> 2161 <strong>M t:</strong> 2162 </p> 2163 <p> 2164 Khai bo cc thnh phn Android v nhn UI m cho php ngi dng mi mt trong cc lin lc ca mnh n 2165 mt mng x hi, thng bo ngi dng khi mt trong cc lung mng x hi ca h c cp nht, 2166 v.v. 2167 </p> 2168 <p> 2169 rng tin t thuc tnh <code>android:</code> khng nht thit p dng cho cc thuc tnh 2170 ca <code><ContactsAccountType></code>. 2171 </p> 2172 <p> 2173 <strong>Thuc tnh:</strong> 2174 </p> 2175 <dl> 2176 <dt>{@code inviteContactActivity}</dt> 2177 <dd> 2178 Tn lp c xc nh y ca hot ng trong ng dng ca bn m bn mun 2179 kch hot khi ngi dng chn <strong>Thm kt ni</strong> t ng dng danh b 2180 ca thit b. 2181 </dd> 2182 <dt>{@code inviteContactActionLabel}</dt> 2183 <dd> 2184 Mt xu vn bn c hin th cho hot ng c quy nh trong 2185 {@code inviteContactActivity}, trong menu <strong>Thm kt ni</strong>. 2186 V d, bn c th s dng xu "Follow in my network". Bn c th s dng m nh danh 2187 ti nguyn xu cho nhn ny. 2188 </dd> 2189 <dt>{@code viewContactNotifyService}</dt> 2190 <dd> 2191 Tn lp c xc nh y ca mt dch v trong ng dng ca bn m s nhn c 2192 thng bo khi ngi dng xem mt lin lc. Thng bo ny c gi t ng dng danh b 2193 ca thit b; n cho php ng dng ca bn tm hon cc thao tc dng nhiu d liu ti 2194 khi cn. V d, ng dng ca bn c th hi p li thng bo ny 2195 bng cch c v hin th nh phn gii cao ca danh b v cc mc dng mng x hi 2196 gn y nht. Tnh nng ny c m t chi tit hn trong phn 2197 <a href="#SocialStreamInteraction">Tng tc vi lung x hi</a>. Bn c th thy mt 2198 v d v dch v thng bo trong tp <code>NotifierService.java</code> trong ng dng mu 2199 <a href="{@docRoot}resources/samples/SampleSyncAdapter/index.html">SampleSyncAdapter</a> 2200 . 2201 </dd> 2202 <dt>{@code viewGroupActivity}</dt> 2203 <dd> 2204 Tn lp c xc nh y ca mt hot ng trong ng dng ca bn m c th 2205 hin th thng tin nhm. Khi ngi dng nhp vo nhn nhm trong ng dng danh b 2206 ca thit b, UI cho hot ng ny s c hin th. 2207 </dd> 2208 <dt>{@code viewGroupActionLabel}</dt> 2209 <dd> 2210 Nhn m ng dng danh b hin th cho mt iu khin UI c cho php 2211 ngi dng xem cc nhm trong ng dng ca bn. 2212 <p> 2213 V d, nu bn ci t ng dng Google+ trn thit b ca mnh v bn ng b 2214 Google+ vi ng dng danh b, bn s thy cc vng trn Google+ c lit k thnh cc nhm 2215 trong tab <strong>Nhm</strong> ca ng dng danh b ca bn. Nu bn nhp vo mt vng trn 2216 Google+, bn s thy nhng ngi trong vng trn c lit k thnh mt "nhm". Pha bn trn ca 2217 hin th, bn s thy mt biu tng Google+; nu bn nhp vo , iu khin s chuyn sang ng dng 2218 Google+. ng dng danh b lm iu ny bng 2219 {@code viewGroupActivity}, bng cch s dng biu tng Google+ lm gi tr ca 2220 {@code viewGroupActionLabel}. 2221 </p> 2222 <p> 2223 Mt m nh danh ti nguyn xu c cho php cho thuc tnh ny. 2224 </p> 2225 </dd> 2226 <dt>{@code viewStreamItemActivity}</dt> 2227 <dd> 2228 Tn lp c xc nh y ca mt hot ng trong ng dng ca bn m 2229 ng dng danh b ca thit b khi chy khi ngi dng nhp vo mt mc dng i vi mt lin lc th. 2230 </dd> 2231 <dt>{@code viewStreamItemPhotoActivity}</dt> 2232 <dd> 2233 Tn lp c xc nh y ca mt hot ng trong ng dng ca bn m 2234 ng dng danh b ca thit b khi chy khi ngi dng nhp vo mt nh trong mc dng 2235 i vi mt lin lc th. 2236 </dd> 2237 </dl> 2238 <h4 id="SocialStreamDataKind">Phn t <ContactsDataKind></h4> 2239 <p> 2240 Phn t <code><ContactsDataKind></code> kim sot vic hin th cc hng 2241 d liu ty chnh ca ng dng ca bn trong UI ca ng dng danh b. N c nhng c php sau: 2242 </p> 2243 <pre> 2244 <ContactsDataKind 2245 android:mimeType="<em>MIMEtype</em>" 2246 android:icon="<em>icon_resources</em>" 2247 android:summaryColumn="<em>column_name</em>" 2248 android:detailColumn="<em>column_name</em>"> 2249 </pre> 2250 <p> 2251 <strong>cha trong:</strong> 2252 </p> 2253 <code><ContactsAccountType></code> 2254 <p> 2255 <strong>M t:</strong> 2256 </p> 2257 <p> 2258 S dng phn t ny ng dng danh b hin th cc ni dung trong mt hng d liu ty chnh nh 2259 mt phn chi tit ca mt lin lc th. Mi phn t con <code><ContactsDataKind></code> 2260 ca <code><ContactsAccountType></code> i din cho mt kiu hng d liu ty chnh m trnh iu hp 2261 ng b ca bn thm vo bng {@link android.provider.ContactsContract.Data}. Thm mt phn t 2262 <code><ContactsDataKind></code> cho mi kiu MIME ty chnh m bn s dng. Bn khng phi 2263 thm phn t nu c mt hng d liu ty chnh m bn khng mun hin th d liu. 2264 </p> 2265 <p> 2266 <strong>Thuc tnh:</strong> 2267 </p> 2268 <dl> 2269 <dt>{@code android:mimeType}</dt> 2270 <dd> 2271 Kiu MIME ty chnh m bn nh ngha cho mt trong cc kiu hng d liu ty chnh ca bn trong bng 2272 {@link android.provider.ContactsContract.Data}. V d, gi tr 2273 <code>vnd.android.cursor.item/vnd.example.locationstatus</code> c th l mt kiu 2274 MIME ty chnh cho mt hng d liu c chc nng ghi li v tr c bit n cui cng ca mt lin lc. 2275 </dd> 2276 <dt>{@code android:icon}</dt> 2277 <dd> 2278 Mt ti nguyn 2279 <a href="{@docRoot}guide/topics/resources/drawable-resource.html">c th v ca Android</a> 2280 m ng dng danh b hin th bn cnh d liu ca bn. S dng n th hin vi 2281 ngi dng rng d liu xut pht t dch v ca bn. 2282 </dd> 2283 <dt>{@code android:summaryColumn}</dt> 2284 <dd> 2285 Tn ct ca gi tr th nht trong hai gi tr c truy xut t hng d liu. Gi tr 2286 c hin th l dng th nht ca mc nhp cho hng d liu ny. Dng th nht c 2287 mc ch s dng lm bn tm tt d liu, nhng iu l ty chn. Xem thm 2288 <a href="#detailColumn">android:detailColumn</a>. 2289 </dd> 2290 <dt>{@code android:detailColumn}</dt> 2291 <dd> 2292 Tn ct ca gi tr th hai trong hai gi tr c truy xut t hng d liu. Gi tr 2293 c hin th l dng th hai ca mc nhp cho hng d liu ny. Xem thm 2294 {@code android:summaryColumn}. 2295 </dd> 2296 </dl> 2297 <h2 id="AdditionalFeatures">Cc Tnh nng B sung ca Trnh cung cp Danh b</h2> 2298 <p> 2299 Bn cnh cc tnh nng chnh c m t trong cc phn trc, Trnh cung cp Danh b cn cung cp 2300 nhng tnh nng hu ch sau khi lm vic vi d liu danh b: 2301 </p> 2302 <ul> 2303 <li>Nhm lin lc</li> 2304 <li>Tnh nng nh</li> 2305 </ul> 2306 <h3 id="Groups">Nhm lin lc</h3> 2307 <p> 2308 Trnh cung cp Danh b c th ty chn nh nhn cc b su tp lin lc c lin quan bng d liu 2309 <strong>nhm</strong>. Nu my ch lin kt vi mt ti khon ngi dng 2310 mun duy tr nhm, trnh iu hp ng b cho loi ti khon ca ti khon s chuyn 2311 d liu nhm gia Trnh cung cp Danh b v my ch. Khi ngi dng thm mt lin lc mi vo 2312 my ch, trnh iu hp ng b phi thm nhm mi 2313 vo bng {@link android.provider.ContactsContract.Groups}. Nhm hoc cc nhm m mt lin lc 2314 th thuc v c lu gi trong bng {@link android.provider.ContactsContract.Data}, bng cch s dng 2315 kiu MIME {@link android.provider.ContactsContract.CommonDataKinds.GroupMembership}. 2316 </p> 2317 <p> 2318 Nu bn ang thit k mt trnh iu hp ng b m s thm d liu lin lc th t 2319 my ch ti Trnh cung cp Danh b, v bn khng s dng cc nhm, khi bn cn bo cho 2320 Trnh cung cp lm cc d liu ca bn thy c. Trong on m c thc hin khi mt ngi dng thm mt ti khon 2321 vo thit b, hy cp nht hng {@link android.provider.ContactsContract.Settings} 2322 m Trnh cung cp Danh b thm cho ti khon. Trong hng ny, t gi tr ca ct 2323 {@link android.provider.ContactsContract.SettingsColumns#UNGROUPED_VISIBLE 2324 Settings.UNGROUPED_VISIBLE} thnh 1. Khi bn lm vy, Trnh cung cp Danh b s lun 2325 lm cho d liu danh b ca bn thy c, ngay c khi bn khng s dng nhm. 2326 </p> 2327 <h3 id="Photos">nh lin lc</h3> 2328 <p> 2329 Bng {@link android.provider.ContactsContract.Data} lu gi nh thnh hng vi kiu MIME 2330 {@link android.provider.ContactsContract.CommonDataKinds.Photo#CONTENT_ITEM_TYPE 2331 Photo.CONTENT_ITEM_TYPE}. Ct 2332 {@link android.provider.ContactsContract.RawContactsColumns#CONTACT_ID} ca hng c lin kt vi ct 2333 {@code android.provider.BaseColumns#_ID} ca lin lc th m n thuc v. 2334 Lp {@link android.provider.ContactsContract.Contacts.Photo} nh ngha mt bng con ca 2335 {@link android.provider.ContactsContract.Contacts} cha thng tin nh v nh chnh 2336 ca mt lin lc, y l nh chnh ca lin lc th chnh ca lin lc. Tng t, 2337 lp {@link android.provider.ContactsContract.RawContacts.DisplayPhoto} nh ngha mt bng con 2338 ca {@link android.provider.ContactsContract.RawContacts} cha thng tin nh i vi nh chnh 2339 ca mt lin lc th. 2340 </p> 2341 <p> 2342 Ti liu tham kho cho {@link android.provider.ContactsContract.Contacts.Photo} v 2343 {@link android.provider.ContactsContract.RawContacts.DisplayPhoto} c cc v d v 2344 vic truy xut thng tin nh. Khng c lp thun tin cho vic truy xut hnh thu nh 2345 chnh i vi mt lin lc th, nhng bn c th gi mt truy vn ti bng 2346 {@link android.provider.ContactsContract.Data}, chn 2347 {@code android.provider.BaseColumns#_ID} ca lin lc th, 2348 {@link android.provider.ContactsContract.CommonDataKinds.Photo#CONTENT_ITEM_TYPE 2349 Photo.CONTENT_ITEM_TYPE}, v ct {@link android.provider.ContactsContract.Data#IS_PRIMARY} 2350 tm hng nh chnh ca lin lc th. 2351 </p> 2352 <p> 2353 D liu t lung x hi i vi mt ngi cng c th bao gm nh. Nhng nh ny c lu gi trong bng 2354 {@code android.provider.ContactsContract.StreamItemPhotos}, c m t chi tit hn 2355 trong phn <a href="#StreamPhotos">nh t lung x hi</a>. 2356 </p> 2357
