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      1 /*
      2  * copyright (c) 2001 Fabrice Bellard
      3  *
      4  * This file is part of FFmpeg.
      5  *
      6  * FFmpeg is free software; you can redistribute it and/or
      7  * modify it under the terms of the GNU Lesser General Public
      8  * License as published by the Free Software Foundation; either
      9  * version 2.1 of the License, or (at your option) any later version.
     10  *
     11  * FFmpeg is distributed in the hope that it will be useful,
     12  * but WITHOUT ANY WARRANTY; without even the implied warranty of
     13  * MERCHANTABILITY or FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE.  See the GNU
     14  * Lesser General Public License for more details.
     15  *
     16  * You should have received a copy of the GNU Lesser General Public
     17  * License along with FFmpeg; if not, write to the Free Software
     18  * Foundation, Inc., 51 Franklin Street, Fifth Floor, Boston, MA 02110-1301 USA
     19  */
     20 #ifndef AVFORMAT_AVIO_H
     21 #define AVFORMAT_AVIO_H
     22 
     23 /**
     24  * @file
     25  * @ingroup lavf_io
     26  * Buffered I/O operations
     27  */
     28 
     29 #include <stdint.h>
     30 
     31 #include "libavutil/common.h"
     32 #include "libavutil/dict.h"
     33 #include "libavutil/log.h"
     34 
     35 #include "libavformat/version.h"
     36 
     37 
     38 #define AVIO_SEEKABLE_NORMAL 0x0001 /**< Seeking works like for a local file */
     39 
     40 /**
     41  * Callback for checking whether to abort blocking functions.
     42  * AVERROR_EXIT is returned in this case by the interrupted
     43  * function. During blocking operations, callback is called with
     44  * opaque as parameter. If the callback returns 1, the
     45  * blocking operation will be aborted.
     46  *
     47  * No members can be added to this struct without a major bump, if
     48  * new elements have been added after this struct in AVFormatContext
     49  * or AVIOContext.
     50  */
     51 typedef struct AVIOInterruptCB {
     52     int (*callback)(void*);
     53     void *opaque;
     54 } AVIOInterruptCB;
     55 
     56 /**
     57  * Bytestream IO Context.
     58  * New fields can be added to the end with minor version bumps.
     59  * Removal, reordering and changes to existing fields require a major
     60  * version bump.
     61  * sizeof(AVIOContext) must not be used outside libav*.
     62  *
     63  * @note None of the function pointers in AVIOContext should be called
     64  *       directly, they should only be set by the client application
     65  *       when implementing custom I/O. Normally these are set to the
     66  *       function pointers specified in avio_alloc_context()
     67  */
     68 typedef struct AVIOContext {
     69     /**
     70      * A class for private options.
     71      *
     72      * If this AVIOContext is created by avio_open2(), av_class is set and
     73      * passes the options down to protocols.
     74      *
     75      * If this AVIOContext is manually allocated, then av_class may be set by
     76      * the caller.
     77      *
     78      * warning -- this field can be NULL, be sure to not pass this AVIOContext
     79      * to any av_opt_* functions in that case.
     80      */
     81     const AVClass *av_class;
     82     unsigned char *buffer;  /**< Start of the buffer. */
     83     int buffer_size;        /**< Maximum buffer size */
     84     unsigned char *buf_ptr; /**< Current position in the buffer */
     85     unsigned char *buf_end; /**< End of the data, may be less than
     86                                  buffer+buffer_size if the read function returned
     87                                  less data than requested, e.g. for streams where
     88                                  no more data has been received yet. */
     89     void *opaque;           /**< A private pointer, passed to the read/write/seek/...
     90                                  functions. */
     91     int (*read_packet)(void *opaque, uint8_t *buf, int buf_size);
     92     int (*write_packet)(void *opaque, uint8_t *buf, int buf_size);
     93     int64_t (*seek)(void *opaque, int64_t offset, int whence);
     94     int64_t pos;            /**< position in the file of the current buffer */
     95     int must_flush;         /**< true if the next seek should flush */
     96     int eof_reached;        /**< true if eof reached */
     97     int write_flag;         /**< true if open for writing */
     98     int max_packet_size;
     99     unsigned long checksum;
    100     unsigned char *checksum_ptr;
    101     unsigned long (*update_checksum)(unsigned long checksum, const uint8_t *buf, unsigned int size);
    102     int error;              /**< contains the error code or 0 if no error happened */
    103     /**
    104      * Pause or resume playback for network streaming protocols - e.g. MMS.
    105      */
    106     int (*read_pause)(void *opaque, int pause);
    107     /**
    108      * Seek to a given timestamp in stream with the specified stream_index.
    109      * Needed for some network streaming protocols which don't support seeking
    110      * to byte position.
    111      */
    112     int64_t (*read_seek)(void *opaque, int stream_index,
    113                          int64_t timestamp, int flags);
    114     /**
    115      * A combination of AVIO_SEEKABLE_ flags or 0 when the stream is not seekable.
    116      */
    117     int seekable;
    118 
    119     /**
    120      * max filesize, used to limit allocations
    121      * This field is internal to libavformat and access from outside is not allowed.
    122      */
    123     int64_t maxsize;
    124 
    125     /**
    126      * avio_read and avio_write should if possible be satisfied directly
    127      * instead of going through a buffer, and avio_seek will always
    128      * call the underlying seek function directly.
    129      */
    130     int direct;
    131 
    132     /**
    133      * Bytes read statistic
    134      * This field is internal to libavformat and access from outside is not allowed.
    135      */
    136     int64_t bytes_read;
    137 
    138     /**
    139      * seek statistic
    140      * This field is internal to libavformat and access from outside is not allowed.
    141      */
    142     int seek_count;
    143 
    144     /**
    145      * writeout statistic
    146      * This field is internal to libavformat and access from outside is not allowed.
    147      */
    148     int writeout_count;
    149 } AVIOContext;
    150 
    151 /* unbuffered I/O */
    152 
    153 /**
    154  * Return AVIO_FLAG_* access flags corresponding to the access permissions
    155  * of the resource in url, or a negative value corresponding to an
    156  * AVERROR code in case of failure. The returned access flags are
    157  * masked by the value in flags.
    158  *
    159  * @note This function is intrinsically unsafe, in the sense that the
    160  * checked resource may change its existence or permission status from
    161  * one call to another. Thus you should not trust the returned value,
    162  * unless you are sure that no other processes are accessing the
    163  * checked resource.
    164  */
    165 int avio_check(const char *url, int flags);
    166 
    167 /**
    168  * Allocate and initialize an AVIOContext for buffered I/O. It must be later
    169  * freed with av_free().
    170  *
    171  * @param buffer Memory block for input/output operations via AVIOContext.
    172  *        The buffer must be allocated with av_malloc() and friends.
    173  * @param buffer_size The buffer size is very important for performance.
    174  *        For protocols with fixed blocksize it should be set to this blocksize.
    175  *        For others a typical size is a cache page, e.g. 4kb.
    176  * @param write_flag Set to 1 if the buffer should be writable, 0 otherwise.
    177  * @param opaque An opaque pointer to user-specific data.
    178  * @param read_packet  A function for refilling the buffer, may be NULL.
    179  * @param write_packet A function for writing the buffer contents, may be NULL.
    180  *        The function may not change the input buffers content.
    181  * @param seek A function for seeking to specified byte position, may be NULL.
    182  *
    183  * @return Allocated AVIOContext or NULL on failure.
    184  */
    185 AVIOContext *avio_alloc_context(
    186                   unsigned char *buffer,
    187                   int buffer_size,
    188                   int write_flag,
    189                   void *opaque,
    190                   int (*read_packet)(void *opaque, uint8_t *buf, int buf_size),
    191                   int (*write_packet)(void *opaque, uint8_t *buf, int buf_size),
    192                   int64_t (*seek)(void *opaque, int64_t offset, int whence));
    193 
    194 void avio_w8(AVIOContext *s, int b);
    195 void avio_write(AVIOContext *s, const unsigned char *buf, int size);
    196 void avio_wl64(AVIOContext *s, uint64_t val);
    197 void avio_wb64(AVIOContext *s, uint64_t val);
    198 void avio_wl32(AVIOContext *s, unsigned int val);
    199 void avio_wb32(AVIOContext *s, unsigned int val);
    200 void avio_wl24(AVIOContext *s, unsigned int val);
    201 void avio_wb24(AVIOContext *s, unsigned int val);
    202 void avio_wl16(AVIOContext *s, unsigned int val);
    203 void avio_wb16(AVIOContext *s, unsigned int val);
    204 
    205 /**
    206  * Write a NULL-terminated string.
    207  * @return number of bytes written.
    208  */
    209 int avio_put_str(AVIOContext *s, const char *str);
    210 
    211 /**
    212  * Convert an UTF-8 string to UTF-16LE and write it.
    213  * @return number of bytes written.
    214  */
    215 int avio_put_str16le(AVIOContext *s, const char *str);
    216 
    217 /**
    218  * Passing this as the "whence" parameter to a seek function causes it to
    219  * return the filesize without seeking anywhere. Supporting this is optional.
    220  * If it is not supported then the seek function will return <0.
    221  */
    222 #define AVSEEK_SIZE 0x10000
    223 
    224 /**
    225  * Oring this flag as into the "whence" parameter to a seek function causes it to
    226  * seek by any means (like reopening and linear reading) or other normally unreasonable
    227  * means that can be extremely slow.
    228  * This may be ignored by the seek code.
    229  */
    230 #define AVSEEK_FORCE 0x20000
    231 
    232 /**
    233  * fseek() equivalent for AVIOContext.
    234  * @return new position or AVERROR.
    235  */
    236 int64_t avio_seek(AVIOContext *s, int64_t offset, int whence);
    237 
    238 /**
    239  * Skip given number of bytes forward
    240  * @return new position or AVERROR.
    241  */
    242 int64_t avio_skip(AVIOContext *s, int64_t offset);
    243 
    244 /**
    245  * ftell() equivalent for AVIOContext.
    246  * @return position or AVERROR.
    247  */
    248 static av_always_inline int64_t avio_tell(AVIOContext *s)
    249 {
    250     return avio_seek(s, 0, SEEK_CUR);
    251 }
    252 
    253 /**
    254  * Get the filesize.
    255  * @return filesize or AVERROR
    256  */
    257 int64_t avio_size(AVIOContext *s);
    258 
    259 /**
    260  * feof() equivalent for AVIOContext.
    261  * @return non zero if and only if end of file
    262  */
    263 int url_feof(AVIOContext *s);
    264 
    265 /** @warning currently size is limited */
    266 int avio_printf(AVIOContext *s, const char *fmt, ...) av_printf_format(2, 3);
    267 
    268 /**
    269  * Force flushing of buffered data to the output s.
    270  *
    271  * Force the buffered data to be immediately written to the output,
    272  * without to wait to fill the internal buffer.
    273  */
    274 void avio_flush(AVIOContext *s);
    275 
    276 /**
    277  * Read size bytes from AVIOContext into buf.
    278  * @return number of bytes read or AVERROR
    279  */
    280 int avio_read(AVIOContext *s, unsigned char *buf, int size);
    281 
    282 /**
    283  * @name Functions for reading from AVIOContext
    284  * @{
    285  *
    286  * @note return 0 if EOF, so you cannot use it if EOF handling is
    287  *       necessary
    288  */
    289 int          avio_r8  (AVIOContext *s);
    290 unsigned int avio_rl16(AVIOContext *s);
    291 unsigned int avio_rl24(AVIOContext *s);
    292 unsigned int avio_rl32(AVIOContext *s);
    293 uint64_t     avio_rl64(AVIOContext *s);
    294 unsigned int avio_rb16(AVIOContext *s);
    295 unsigned int avio_rb24(AVIOContext *s);
    296 unsigned int avio_rb32(AVIOContext *s);
    297 uint64_t     avio_rb64(AVIOContext *s);
    298 /**
    299  * @}
    300  */
    301 
    302 /**
    303  * Read a string from pb into buf. The reading will terminate when either
    304  * a NULL character was encountered, maxlen bytes have been read, or nothing
    305  * more can be read from pb. The result is guaranteed to be NULL-terminated, it
    306  * will be truncated if buf is too small.
    307  * Note that the string is not interpreted or validated in any way, it
    308  * might get truncated in the middle of a sequence for multi-byte encodings.
    309  *
    310  * @return number of bytes read (is always <= maxlen).
    311  * If reading ends on EOF or error, the return value will be one more than
    312  * bytes actually read.
    313  */
    314 int avio_get_str(AVIOContext *pb, int maxlen, char *buf, int buflen);
    315 
    316 /**
    317  * Read a UTF-16 string from pb and convert it to UTF-8.
    318  * The reading will terminate when either a null or invalid character was
    319  * encountered or maxlen bytes have been read.
    320  * @return number of bytes read (is always <= maxlen)
    321  */
    322 int avio_get_str16le(AVIOContext *pb, int maxlen, char *buf, int buflen);
    323 int avio_get_str16be(AVIOContext *pb, int maxlen, char *buf, int buflen);
    324 
    325 
    326 /**
    327  * @name URL open modes
    328  * The flags argument to avio_open must be one of the following
    329  * constants, optionally ORed with other flags.
    330  * @{
    331  */
    332 #define AVIO_FLAG_READ  1                                      /**< read-only */
    333 #define AVIO_FLAG_WRITE 2                                      /**< write-only */
    334 #define AVIO_FLAG_READ_WRITE (AVIO_FLAG_READ|AVIO_FLAG_WRITE)  /**< read-write pseudo flag */
    335 /**
    336  * @}
    337  */
    338 
    339 /**
    340  * Use non-blocking mode.
    341  * If this flag is set, operations on the context will return
    342  * AVERROR(EAGAIN) if they can not be performed immediately.
    343  * If this flag is not set, operations on the context will never return
    344  * AVERROR(EAGAIN).
    345  * Note that this flag does not affect the opening/connecting of the
    346  * context. Connecting a protocol will always block if necessary (e.g. on
    347  * network protocols) but never hang (e.g. on busy devices).
    348  * Warning: non-blocking protocols is work-in-progress; this flag may be
    349  * silently ignored.
    350  */
    351 #define AVIO_FLAG_NONBLOCK 8
    352 
    353 /**
    354  * Use direct mode.
    355  * avio_read and avio_write should if possible be satisfied directly
    356  * instead of going through a buffer, and avio_seek will always
    357  * call the underlying seek function directly.
    358  */
    359 #define AVIO_FLAG_DIRECT 0x8000
    360 
    361 /**
    362  * Create and initialize a AVIOContext for accessing the
    363  * resource indicated by url.
    364  * @note When the resource indicated by url has been opened in
    365  * read+write mode, the AVIOContext can be used only for writing.
    366  *
    367  * @param s Used to return the pointer to the created AVIOContext.
    368  * In case of failure the pointed to value is set to NULL.
    369  * @param flags flags which control how the resource indicated by url
    370  * is to be opened
    371  * @return 0 in case of success, a negative value corresponding to an
    372  * AVERROR code in case of failure
    373  */
    374 int avio_open(AVIOContext **s, const char *url, int flags);
    375 
    376 /**
    377  * Create and initialize a AVIOContext for accessing the
    378  * resource indicated by url.
    379  * @note When the resource indicated by url has been opened in
    380  * read+write mode, the AVIOContext can be used only for writing.
    381  *
    382  * @param s Used to return the pointer to the created AVIOContext.
    383  * In case of failure the pointed to value is set to NULL.
    384  * @param flags flags which control how the resource indicated by url
    385  * is to be opened
    386  * @param int_cb an interrupt callback to be used at the protocols level
    387  * @param options  A dictionary filled with protocol-private options. On return
    388  * this parameter will be destroyed and replaced with a dict containing options
    389  * that were not found. May be NULL.
    390  * @return 0 in case of success, a negative value corresponding to an
    391  * AVERROR code in case of failure
    392  */
    393 int avio_open2(AVIOContext **s, const char *url, int flags,
    394                const AVIOInterruptCB *int_cb, AVDictionary **options);
    395 
    396 /**
    397  * Close the resource accessed by the AVIOContext s and free it.
    398  * This function can only be used if s was opened by avio_open().
    399  *
    400  * The internal buffer is automatically flushed before closing the
    401  * resource.
    402  *
    403  * @return 0 on success, an AVERROR < 0 on error.
    404  * @see avio_closep
    405  */
    406 int avio_close(AVIOContext *s);
    407 
    408 /**
    409  * Close the resource accessed by the AVIOContext *s, free it
    410  * and set the pointer pointing to it to NULL.
    411  * This function can only be used if s was opened by avio_open().
    412  *
    413  * The internal buffer is automatically flushed before closing the
    414  * resource.
    415  *
    416  * @return 0 on success, an AVERROR < 0 on error.
    417  * @see avio_close
    418  */
    419 int avio_closep(AVIOContext **s);
    420 
    421 
    422 /**
    423  * Open a write only memory stream.
    424  *
    425  * @param s new IO context
    426  * @return zero if no error.
    427  */
    428 int avio_open_dyn_buf(AVIOContext **s);
    429 
    430 /**
    431  * Return the written size and a pointer to the buffer. The buffer
    432  * must be freed with av_free().
    433  * Padding of FF_INPUT_BUFFER_PADDING_SIZE is added to the buffer.
    434  *
    435  * @param s IO context
    436  * @param pbuffer pointer to a byte buffer
    437  * @return the length of the byte buffer
    438  */
    439 int avio_close_dyn_buf(AVIOContext *s, uint8_t **pbuffer);
    440 
    441 /**
    442  * Iterate through names of available protocols.
    443  *
    444  * @param opaque A private pointer representing current protocol.
    445  *        It must be a pointer to NULL on first iteration and will
    446  *        be updated by successive calls to avio_enum_protocols.
    447  * @param output If set to 1, iterate over output protocols,
    448  *               otherwise over input protocols.
    449  *
    450  * @return A static string containing the name of current protocol or NULL
    451  */
    452 const char *avio_enum_protocols(void **opaque, int output);
    453 
    454 /**
    455  * Pause and resume playing - only meaningful if using a network streaming
    456  * protocol (e.g. MMS).
    457  * @param pause 1 for pause, 0 for resume
    458  */
    459 int     avio_pause(AVIOContext *h, int pause);
    460 
    461 /**
    462  * Seek to a given timestamp relative to some component stream.
    463  * Only meaningful if using a network streaming protocol (e.g. MMS.).
    464  * @param stream_index The stream index that the timestamp is relative to.
    465  *        If stream_index is (-1) the timestamp should be in AV_TIME_BASE
    466  *        units from the beginning of the presentation.
    467  *        If a stream_index >= 0 is used and the protocol does not support
    468  *        seeking based on component streams, the call will fail.
    469  * @param timestamp timestamp in AVStream.time_base units
    470  *        or if there is no stream specified then in AV_TIME_BASE units.
    471  * @param flags Optional combination of AVSEEK_FLAG_BACKWARD, AVSEEK_FLAG_BYTE
    472  *        and AVSEEK_FLAG_ANY. The protocol may silently ignore
    473  *        AVSEEK_FLAG_BACKWARD and AVSEEK_FLAG_ANY, but AVSEEK_FLAG_BYTE will
    474  *        fail if used and not supported.
    475  * @return >= 0 on success
    476  * @see AVInputFormat::read_seek
    477  */
    478 int64_t avio_seek_time(AVIOContext *h, int stream_index,
    479                        int64_t timestamp, int flags);
    480 
    481 #endif /* AVFORMAT_AVIO_H */
    482