1 <html><head><title>toybox news</title> 2 <!--#include file="header.html" --> 3 4 <p>Toybox combines common Linux command line utilities together 5 into a single BSD-licensed executable that's simple, small, fast, 6 reasonably standards-compliant, and powerful enough to turn Android into 7 a development environment. See the links on the left for details.</p> 8 9 <h2>News</h2> 10 11 <a name="02-02-2016" /><a href="#02-02-2016"><hr><h2><b>February 2, 2016</b></h2></a> 12 <blockquote><p>"I checked it very thoroughly," said the computer, "and that 13 quite definitely is the answer. I think the problem, to be quite honest with 14 you, is that you've never actually known what the question is." 15 - The Hitchhiker's Guide to the Galaxy.</p></blockquote> 16 17 <p><a href=downloads/toybox-0.7.0.tar.gz>Toybox 0.7.0</a> 18 (<a href=https://github.com/landley/toybox/releases/tag/0.7.0>git commit</a>) 19 is out.</p> 20 21 <p>The new commands in defconfig are <b>iotop</b>, <b>top</b>, <b>pgrep</b>, 22 and <b>pkill</b> 23 (most replacing corresponding versions from pending). Added grep -ABC, 24 swapon -d (discard), mkswap -L (label) and UUID support, and find -delete. 25 Izabera added free -h and unshare -f. Josh Gao implemented tail -f. 26 Jose Bollo submitted cp --preserve=context,attr. Kylie McClain added 27 mktemp -u.</p> 28 29 <p>In pending there's the start of a vi command, and Sameer Pradhan contributed 30 a new dhcp6. This cycle saw several rounds of route cleanup and a little dhcp 31 cleanup, but neither are complete yet. Lipi Lee did some cleanup to netstat.c 32 and Elliott Hughes removed warnings from traceroute.</p> 33 34 <p>Lots of updates to ps: several new -o options, -k (--sort) -O and -M, 35 improved compatibility with Android's historical behavior, and 36 extensive internal code cleanup (including the removal of all 37 the magic constants).</p> 38 39 <h3><b>Website</b></h3> 40 41 <p>Dreamhost restored the <a href="#12-21-2015">missing 11 months</a> 42 to the mailing list archive, in the process deleting the month after 43 that. Now they've asked if I have mbox files archiving the new 44 gap (between December 20, 2015 to January 21, 2016, and presumably they 45 could also fill in the gap from December 14, 2014 to January 3, 2015 that's 46 been there since the last time they did this), 47 but due to some gmail filtering I've 48 <a href=http://landley.net/notes-2012.html#15-10-2012>never 49 been able to disable</a>, my copy of those files is spread among 3 different 50 mbox files I'd have to sort/filter/collate. (It's on the todo list.)</p> 51 52 <p>Added a code of conduct to the README (we're 53 <a href=https://engineering.twitter.com/opensource/code-of-conduct>borrowing twitter's</a>) because somebody 54 made it necessary.</p> 55 56 <h3><b>Bugfixes</b></h3> 57 <p>Fixed another sed bug where any ] right after [ was skipped (not just the 58 first one in the range, so [[] didn't terminate). Fixed sort -f and added test cases. 59 Assume 80 columns in "ls -m | cat", ls -L is no longer backwards, 60 and ls of files with no paths no longer uses an uninitialized (zero) dirfd. 61 Several bugfixes 62 to find (Gilad Arnold fixed -perm, Daniel K. Levy fixed "find . -exec echo {}", 63 and while we're there I fixed find --prune, made "find . -execdir 64 echo {} + -execdir ls {} +" work, and ripped out the environment size 65 measuring code that checked for a 128k limit removed back in linux 2.6.22). 66 Elliott Hughes fixed the date command's parsing of 4 digit 67 years and documented the %s escape, fixed hwclock -u, and pointed out 68 that runcon needs to exec to do its job (not recursively call another 69 command_main() in the same process). Tom Marshall reported that blkid was 70 handling ext2 wrong. Mike Moreton corrected cpio extraction's uid and gid 71 values, and added a --no-preserve-owner option. Fixed the SUID permission 72 dropping logic (which was a bit over-zealous, preventing some commands from 73 running at all).</p> 74 75 <p>I'm told that debian-testing broke its libc so the nsenter build breaks, 76 but my attempts to install the debian-testing network cd image under 77 qemu keep breaking. Maybe someday they'll fix it enough I can actually 78 reproduce the problem. (Debootstrap under unbuntu builds an ubuntu-flavored 79 chroot in which toybox builds fine.)</p> 80 81 <h3><b>Documentation</b></h3> 82 <p>Rewrite of the about.html page, tweaks to design.html, and a re-triage of 83 sbase in roadmap.html. Update to mkstatus.py to collate multiple span 84 tags with the same id, resulting in a larger status.html page (which 85 was previously ignoring some commands in the roadmap).</p> 86 87 <p>Expanded the defconfig/allyesconfig/allnoconfighelp text in "make help" 88 to explain what they're for.</p> 89 90 <h3><b>infrastructure</b></h3> 91 <ul> 92 <li><p>Expanded toys.optargs to 64 bits so a command can have more than 32 options.</p></li> 93 <li><p>Added NOEXIT() wrapper to turn xwrap() functions into warning versions 94 using the existing longjump(toys.rebound) infrastructure.</p></li> 95 <li><p>Renamed dirtree->data to dirfd and stopped storing symlink length 96 into it (this fixed a bug where following symlinks to directories 97 didn't give a valid directory filehandle, noticeable with ls -Z).</p></li> 98 <li><p>New TAGGED_ARRAY() infrastructure generates index and bitmask macros 99 for arrays of structures starting with a name string.</p></li> 100 <li><p>New lib/linestack.c for utf8 fontmetrics (draw_str() and utf8len() 101 and so on), and for tracking multiple lines of text 102 (vi, less, shell history) that need wordwrapping and scrolling up/down.</p></li> 103 <li><p>Upgrades to lib/interestingtimes.c: scan_key() now has a timeout 104 in miliseconds and recognizes more sequences including ANSI 105 window size probes. New utf8 test files in tests/files/utf8 including 106 sequence reversing, stacked combining chars, and all three types of 107 unprintable sequences (low ascii <32 ala ^X, invalid utf8 sequences ala 108 <AB><CD>, and invalid unicode code points ala U+1234).</p></li> 109 <li><p>More comma handling code in lib.c: comma_args()</p></li> 110 <li><p>Added error_msg_raw() to shut up fortify's endless static checking false 111 positives.</p></li> 112 <li><p>readfileat() can now realloc() in a loop to read long files 113 ("zcat | insmod" needed it).</p></li> 114 </ul> 115 116 <h3><b>Roadmap</b></h3> 117 <p>We're getting close to having a self-hosting development environment 118 using toybox for the command line. The remaining busybox commands in 119 <a href=http://landley.net/aboriginal/about.html>Aboriginal Linux</a> are:</p> 120 121 <blockquote><p><b> 122 awk bunzip2 bzcat bzip2 dd diff expr fdisk ftpd ftpget ftpput gunzip gzip 123 less ping route sh sha512sum tar test tr unxz vi wget xzcat zcat 124 </b></p></blockquote> 125 126 <p>And the remaining non-busybox commands in Aboriginal Linux's build/host 127 directory (from the distcc, genext2fs, e2fsprogs, zlib, and squashfs packagesi) 128 are:</p> 129 130 <blockquote><p><b> 131 mke2fs fsck.ext2 resize2fs distcc genext2fs unsquashfs distccd mksquashfs tune2fs 132 </b></p></blockquote> 133 134 <p>Squashfs and distcc are probably out of scope for toybox, but mke2fs, 135 fsck.ext2, resize2fs, genext2fs, and tune2fs should all be added to the 136 above "busybox" replacement list.</p> 137 138 <p>Remind me to include this countdown in future releases. Once they've all 139 been replaced, the next goal is <a href=http://landley.net/aboriginal/about.html#selfhost>building AOSP under itself</a>.</p> 140 141 <p>See the full <a href=roadmap.html>roadmap</a> and <a href=status.html>status</a> 142 pages for more details.</p> 143 144 <a name="12-21-2015" /><a href="#12-21-2015"><hr><h2><b>December 21, 2015</b></h2></a> 145 146 <p>Yes, 11 months have gone missing from the mailing list web archive.</p> 147 148 <p>Yesterday evening Dreamhost's mailman server went down (timing out trying 149 to connect). I poked them about it, they 150 <a href=https://twitter.com/landley/status/678781271670149121>blamed 151 DNS</a>, I explained that the hang was _after_ the DNS lookup and 152 entered the dig info into the trouble ticket showing the IPs the DNS 153 queries were returning, they reinstalled the server at that IP from what I 154 assume was their most recent backup, and that's how 11 months of messages 155 vanished out of the archive.</p> 156 157 <p>I've <a href=https://twitter.com/landley/status/679114451975467008>continued to poke them about it</a> but I honestly believe that's the best they 158 can do. <a href=http://landley.net/dreamhost.txt>Last time</a> 159 this sort of thing <a href=http://landley.net/dreamhost2.txt>happened</a> 160 we went back and forth for months, so I added a link to a backup web 161 archive (in the nav bar on the left) that isn't controlled by dreamhost, 162 and thus doesn't gratuitously lose data on a regular basis. (I note 163 the earlier hole in Dreamhost's archive was never fixed either. That 164 was data never getting archived, this is a year's worth of data that 165 was in the archive until yesterday vanishing after the fact.)</p> 166 167 <p>If you're wondering why the <a href=http://lists.landley.net>top level</a> 168 list page has been "temporarily disabled" for multiple years now... you'd have 169 to ask Dreamhost. I know I have. More than a dozen times.</p> 170 171 <a name="03-11-2015" /><a href="#03-11-2015"><hr><h2><b>November 3, 2015</b></h2></a> 172 <blockquote><p>"Alright," said Ford. "How would you react if I said that I'm 173 not from Guildford after all, but from a small planet somewhere in the vicinity 174 of Betelgeuse?" Arthur shrugged in a so-so sort of way. "I don't know," he 175 said, taking a pull of beer. "Why - do you think it's the sort of thing you're 176 likely to say?" - The Hitchhiker's Guide to the Galaxy.</p></blockquote> 177 178 <p><a href=downloads/toybox-0.6.1.tar.gz>Toybox 0.6.1</a> 179 (<a href=https://github.com/landley/toybox/releases/tag/0.6.1>git commit</a>) 180 is out.</p> 181 182 <p>We have a new <b>ps</b> command with all the -o fields posix wants (although 183 it doesn't accept BSD non-dash option syntax yet), and <b>bunzip2</b> (not just 184 bzcat but the proper extract-in-place command). 185 Sameer Pradhan added <b>hostid</b> and <b>fsync</b>. 186 Elliott Hughes added <b>flock</b>. 187 188 <p>The people waiting for <b>human readable number support</b> (du -hH, ls -h, 189 and so on) can thank Elliott Hughes for implementing it. (Our output doesn't 190 exactly match others' because we our "binary" mode will say 1.0G instead of 191 1024M, which is a bug in the other one we didn't emulate.)</p> 192 193 <p>The other big news is <b>nommu support</b>, tested on the new 194 <a href=http://nommu.org/jcore>jcore</a> processor but presumaby working 195 on any nommu system. A few commands don't support nommu yet, but those 196 are disabled by dependencies on TOYBOX_FORK in menuconfig when building 197 for nommu. The roadmap now has a large section analyzing the uClinux 198 project (note that <a href=http://nommu.org>nommu.org</a> is slowly replacing 199 <a href=http://uclinux.org>uclinux.org</a> as the standard repository of 200 all knowledge and wisdom about nommu. The old site <a href=#12-02-2012>contains 201 much that is apocryphal</a>, or at least wildly inaccurate, and the new one 202 is trying to improve on that).</p> 203 204 <p>Both "make change" and scripts/single.sh (for building standalone commands 205 without the multiplexer logic) now use the top level .config 206 for toybox global settings such as Linux Security Blanket Module selection, 207 (so make defconfig before change now).</p> 208 209 <p>Documentation updates to the <a href=code.html>code</a> and 210 <a href=roadmap.html>roadmap</a> pages.</p> 211 212 <h3>pending</h3> 213 214 <p>In the pending directory Sameer Pradhan added tftp, 215 and Elliott Hughes sent lsof. Isaac Dunham upgraded mdev, 216 reboot, init, login, and modprobe, and fixed a distro-specific build break in 217 scripts/mkflags.h. Elliott Hughes and Lipi Lee made netstat -p handle 218 command lines longer than 21 characters, and Elliott fixed netstat -e and 219 some build warnings. Yeongdeok Suh fixed a warning in dhcpd. 220 I started cleanup on pgrep/pkill.</p> 221 222 <h3>Command updates, bugfixes, and infrastructure</h3> 223 224 <p>The multiplexer's "command not found" error exit is now 127, so now you can't 225 distinguish between a command not being found in the multiplexer and 226 the multiplexer itself not being found by the shell, because people wanted 227 that for some reason.</p> 228 229 <p>Elliott Hughes made date reject invalid dates rather 230 than set the clock to something weird (setting the clock 100 years into the 231 future makes most Linux desktops surprisingly unhappy, and ntpdate won't fix it 232 either), fixed several ls -l display issues (user/group field ordering, 233 make user/group/lsmcontext left aligned), did the aforementioned 234 extensive work on human readable number output, fixed ionice's default 235 class, fixed a mv overwrite bug, made df's columns auto-size, added 236 --ppid and -Z to ps, and teamed up with Daniel K. Levy to fix 237 a segfault in find's handling of -newer -group or -user.</p> 238 239 <p>Hyejin Kim added stat -c %T support. Colin Cross worked 240 on vmstat fixing 241 a header printing bug and calculating the bi and bo columns in the right 242 units. Isabella Parakiss reported that sed -e "/x/c\" -e "y" added an extra 243 newline and that grep -w '\(x\)\1' didn't work, both now fixed. 244 Alistair Strachan fixed several problems with switch_root. Kylie McClain 245 pointed out env should be able to clear variables via NAME= syntax. 246 Dima Krasner added support for running blkid without a partition (so it shows 247 all partitions). Hyejin Kim sent in a bunch of static analysis bug reports.</p> 248 249 <p>Isabella Parakiss reported that sed -e "/x/c\" -e "y" added an extra 250 newline and that grep -w '\(x\)\1' didn't work, both now fixed. 251 Alistair Strachan fixed several problems with switch_root. Kylie McClain 252 pointed out env should be able to clear variables via NAME= syntax. 253 Dima Krasner added support for running blkid without a partition (so it shows 254 all partitions). Hyejin Kim sent in a bunch of static analysis bug reports.</p> 255 256 <p>Two large thinko fixes in oneit: -3 was always enabled (which would 257 eventually block if the child never read the exiting PID numbers from its file 258 descriptor #3 until the pipe filled up), and the signal handlers weren't 259 set up right (for requesting semi-graceful halt/poweroff/reboot). 260 Calling install without a mode is now 0755, and install -g 0 no longer clashes 261 with cp --preserve. Better error message for ls -r on unreadable 262 directories, and ls -Z now uses O_PATH (with the /proc/self/fd/%d 263 workaround for kernel stupidity as necessary).</p> 264 265 <p>Date now understands @unixtime[.fraction] and uses -D for 266 the set-side format (matching busybox's extension for this). The seq -f 267 string now checks that it's got exactly one %f escape with the correct 268 attributes (and a whole bunch of test cases for it). Fixed a bug 269 in od that screwed up the position indicator on arm and mips. 270 In stat the d/h units moved from %d %D to the default string. 271 And patch can now correctly apply hunks with trailing context to the start of 272 the file.</p> 273 274 <p>The prompt argument moved out of yesno() (the caller can print the prompt 275 themselves). Replaced toys.exithelp with help_exit(). Added new 276 XVFORK() macro, and xpopen_both() calls /proc/self/exe when passed 277 a NULL argv (see cpio -p for example usage). Replaced toys.recurse 278 with toys.stacktop so the recurse or re-exec decision is now based 279 on bytes of stack space used. Marked a bunch of command-local functions 280 static.</p> 281 282 <p>New additions to lib/ include strlower(), xconnect(), and the 283 aforementioned help_exit(). 284 The testsuite now has some infrastructure tests based on "example" 285 commands such as toys/examples/test_human_readable.c. 286 The login command finally got a long-overdue cleanup (it's one of the 287 commands that predate the "pending" directory but were part of the reason 288 for it). Hexedit had an 289 uninitialized variable (of course gcc didn't spot it, it was too busy 290 warning about "may be used uninitialized but never actually is" variables).</p> 291 292 <p>Tweaked makefile so 293 "make CROSS_COMPILE=prefix-" (as well as "CROSS_COMPILE=prefix- make", 294 which still works). Toybox is now installed chmod -w so broken installers 295 (like the bunzip2 package's) that try to overwrite existing binaries won't 296 knock out the whole of toybox. 297 GCC 5.2.0 stopped being able to compile Linux 2.6.12's kconfig, but 298 we added a workaround. You can now build uptime without utmpx.h. 299 Alejandro Joya pointed out that enabling smack required smack on the host 300 as well as target when cross compiling, which is now fixed.</p> 301 302 <p>Note: toybox can autodetect nommu support when building with a uClibc 303 toolchain such as <a href=http://landley.net/aboriginal/downloads/binaries/old/1.4.3/cross-compiler-sh2eb.tar.gz>the one from Aboriginal Linux</a>, 304 but <a href=http://github.com/richfelker/musl-cross-make>with musl-libc</a> 305 you'll have to enable CONFIG_TOYBOX_MUSL_NOMMU_IS_BROKEN to work around the 306 fact they provide a non-functional fork() implementation that always returns 307 -ENOSYS, to prevent you from compile-time probing for nommu support when 308 cross-compiling. Unfortunately "preventing you from probing" seems to be 309 an explicit policy with musl, they also don't provide an "#ifdef __MUSL__" 310 because their library is perfect and you're only ever allowed to work around 311 other people's bugs, not theirs. So we have to use menuconfig to manually 312 enable musl-specific bug workarounds.</p> 313 314 <a name="23-07-2015" /><a href="#23-07-2015"><hr><h2><b>July 23, 2015</b></h2></a> 315 <p>I recreated the <a href=downloads/toybox-0.6.0.tar.gz>0.6.0 source tarball</a> 316 (new sha1sum 08fb1c23f520c25a15f262a8a95ea5b676a98d54) 317 because I forgot to add --prefix to the git archive command when I updated 318 my release script from mercurial, so the files weren't in an enclosing 319 directory. (Ooops.)</p> 320 321 <a name="19-07-2015" /><a href="#19-07-2015"><hr><h2><b>July 19, 2015</b></h2></a> 322 <blockquote><p> 323 The reason why it was published in the form of a micro sub meson electronic 324 component is that if it were printed in normal book form, an interstellar 325 hitchhiker would require several inconveniently large buildings to carry it 326 around in." - The Hitchhiker's Guide to the Galaxy </p></blockquote> 327 328 <p><a href=downloads/toybox-0.6.0.tar.gz>Toybox 0.6.0</a> 329 (<a href=https://github.com/landley/toybox/releases/tag/0.6.0>git commit</a>) 330 is out. (Yes, git. See the <a href=#05-04-2015>previous news entry</a>.)</p> 331 332 <p>Sorry for the unusually long gap between releases. Since last release Ye 333 Olde Project Maintainer traveled to japan twice and had two more "once 334 a century" floods at home. (Probably a coincidence.) Still catching up.</p> 335 336 <h3><b>CELF/ELC talk and Wikipedia[citation needed] article</b></h3> 337 338 <p>I gave another State Of The Toybox talk 339 (<a href=https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=04XwAbtPmAg>video</a> 340 <a href=http://landley.net/talks/celf-2015.txt>outline</a>), in which I 341 repeat my <a href=http://landley.net/notes-2013.html#07-11-2013>perennial</a> 342 <a href=https://twitter.com/landley/status/557309224535851009>complaint</a> 343 that Wikipedia[citation needed] 344 <a href=http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Toybox>still</a> 345 <a href=https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/BusyBox#Controversy_over_Toybox>says</a> 346 toybox was relicensed before its hiatus, when relicensing was why 347 the hiatus ended.</p> 348 349 <p>Since Wikipedia[citation needed] seems unable to do the 350 <a href=#15-11-2011>most</a> 351 <a href=http://landley.net/hg/toybox/log/tip/LICENSE>basic</a> 352 <a href=http://landley.net/notes-2011.html#13-11-2011>research</a> on 353 this point, and has stuck to an incorrect sequence of events for years, 354 I've been gradually escalating my attempts to correct them. Toybox 355 came out of mothballs in November 2011 <b>because</b> it could be 356 relicensed. That's what opened up a new niche busybox wasn't already 357 filling with a 10 year headstart.</p> 358 359 <a name="asterisk_back" /> 360 <p>The article has plenty of smaller issues<a href=#asterisk>*</a>, but 361 given that I gave an entire talk at Ohio LinuxFest in 2013 362 (<a href=http://landley.net/talks/ohio-2013.txt>outline</a>, 363 <a href=https://archive.org/download/OhioLinuxfest2013/24-Rob_Landley-The_Rise_and_Fall_of_Copyleft.mp3>audio</a>) on why I switched away from GPL for 364 my projects, that one bugs me.</p> 365 366 <h3><b>New stuff this release</b></h3> 367 368 <p>There's a new android menu in menuconfig, and rather a lot of Linux 369 Security Module support (Smack for Tizen from Xavier Roche and Jos Bollo, 370 and SELinux for Android from Elliott Hughes; see 371 the Security Blanket menu under global settings in menuconfig) has 372 trickled in, although there's still more to come.</p> 373 374 <p><b>New commands:</b> Added reset, nproc, ionice, and iorenice. 375 Elliott Hughes contributed xxd, runcon, 376 restorecon, load_policy, getenforce, setenforce, getprop, and setprop. 377 Promoted shred, nsenter, and hwclock.</p> 378 379 <p>You can once again build catv now the flag infrastructure's been updated to 380 let it coexist with cat -v. 381 And on a long plane flight I wrote 382 hexedit, an interactive hex editor that implements the start of 383 cursor control infrastructure (for eventual use by less and vi and shell 384 command history and so on).</p> 385 386 <p><b>New options:</b> Added sed -E as a BSD-compatible synonym for -r. 387 Upgraded oneit with -r (restart), -3 (send exiting PID values to child), 388 and signal handling. Added -v option to timeout, -m to mknod, -u to shred, 389 -t to dmesg, and -123 to head and tail. Added implicit "." to grep -r without 390 any files to work on. Hyejin Kim requested prefix support for truncate -s. 391 Greg Hackman added -inum to find. 392 Jan Cybulski added the smack side of ls -Z support. Various patches also 393 added -Z to mkdir, mknod, and mkfifo. 394 Basic cp --preserve support went in, but not yet the xattr/LSM parts.</p> 395 396 <p>The toybox command now has a --version option, 397 which uses "git describe" if available.</p> 398 399 <p><b>Build infrastructure:</b> 400 The "make change" target now saves the output of each failed standalone 401 command build in a .bad file, and "make defconfig" is quieter now.</p> 402 403 <p>Paul Barker submitted a large patch changing command install paths so 404 "toybox can be installed alongside busybox without confusing 405 update-alternatives". (There's some argument over 406 what the right paths should be, and I'm waiting for 407 people to tell me what else needs fixing because I have no idea. I've 408 been symlinking /bin to /usr/bin since 2002 409 <a href=http://landley.net/writing/hackermonthly-issue022-pg33.pdf>for 410 historical reasons</a>.)</p> 411 412 <p><b>Docs:</b> The repository link now goes to github, with another link 413 to the commit rss feed.</p> 414 415 <p>Elliott Hughes updated the Android section of the roadmap 416 (and he would know). Redid bits of scripts/mkstatus.py to make updating 417 status.html easier, and the README is larger.</p> 418 419 <p>More description of option parsing in code.html, which now describes the 420 FLAG_x macros, switching flag macro sets with FOR_newcommand, how 421 configuration zeroes flag macros and using FORCE_FLAGS to suppress the 422 zeroing of options shared between commands. Also added description of ";" 423 to make --longopts take an optional =value part, and more about TOYBOX_DEBUG 424 to check NEWTOY() option strings (otherwise a bad option string makes 425 lib/args.c obviously segfault, but doesn't explain why).</p> 426 427 <p>Added a "Why 0BSD?" section to license.html when submitting zero clause bsd 428 to SPDX (according to the pending license spreadsheet, it's been approved for 429 SPDX 2.2).</p> 430 431 <p>The old list of commands needing cleanup but not in pending was 432 removed from toys/pending/README and instead the issues were added 433 as TODO comments in the individual commands.</p> 434 435 <p><b>Bugfixes:</b> 436 Fixed mount -a segfaulting without -O (reported by Janus Troelsen), 437 and made it try a "become rw" ioctl() on the block device before falling 438 back to mounting read only (because Android expects that). 439 Fixed printf -- and printf ---. Lots of tweaks to ls -l spacing with 440 different options. Make touch -d and -t actually set time when you don't 441 specify nanoseconds. 442 Fixed a subtle bug where recursive calls (toybox commands that run other 443 toybox commands) weren't resetting all their state. (This manifested as 444 a "no }" error from "find | xargs sed", but could cause other problems.) 445 And David Halls reported another sed bug trying to compile libiconv (which 446 left extra \ at the start of lines in a generated shell script, breaking 447 the build). Output an error message for "cat /mnt".</p> 448 449 <p>Kylie McClain reported that mktemp broke when $TMPDIR was set to an empty 450 string (which is not the same as unset), that install/find didn't support 451 numeric uid/gids, and that sort -z affects both input and output. 452 Isabella Parakiss fixed a printf.c bug. 453 David Halls fixed bugs in install -D and find -exec. Samuel Holland 454 fixed unshare -r. Hyejin Kim fixed makedevs with a count of 1, fold -w 455 range checking, an error path in scripts/mkflags.c, added -i to dhcpd, 456 and stopped su from prompting the root user for the new user's password. 457 Jan Cybulski spotted wrong indentation when combining ls -s and -i with -C and 458 -x. Jos Bollo fixed stat %G. Sameer Pradhan fixed a bug in mkfifo -Z.</p> 459 460 <p>Elliott Hughes asked for a default SIGPIPE handler to disable 461 the signal handler bionic's dynamic loader installs (yes really). Still not 462 100% sure what the correct behavior is there. (Posix is 463 (<a href=http://permalink.gmane.org/gmane.comp.standards.posix.austin.general/10915>actively unhelpful</a>, but at least they're taking 464 <a href=http://austingroupbugs.net/view.php?id=789#c1976>years to 465 make up their mind</a>. Elliott also sent patches to fix a typo in 466 useradd.test, add missing arguments to error_exit() calls and clean up 467 printf() format strings, fix an off by one error in human_readable(), 468 fix dmesg -c error reporting, fix a segfault in comma_scan where the option 469 was the last item in optlist (triggered by mount -o ro,remount), fix 470 hwclock -w, made ifconfig print lowercase MAC addresses (it was bothering 471 him), and make terminal_size() read the right environment variable 472 (LINES, not ROWS). And he suggested the test suite notice high command exit 473 values (corresponding to segfault or other signals).</p> 474 475 <p>People are apparently using toys/pending commands, despite the police tape 476 and flashing lights, so added louder warnings to toys/pending/README. 477 Elliott Hughes fixed various problems with tar, dd, more, and top. 478 Hyejin Kim cleaned up syslogd and dumpleases. Isaac Dunham added hotplug 479 support to mdev. Yeongdeok Suh added RFC-3315 ipv6 support to dhcpd.</p> 480 481 <p>I rewrote ps.c from scratch (in pending), but it's not ready for real use 482 yet.</p> 483 484 <p><b>Portability:</b> 485 On the portability front Bernhard Rosenkranzer fixed a problem where the 486 menuconfig code wouldn't compile in C99 mode. (This led to me documenting 487 the craptacular nature of kconfig in a README, and the plan to replace it 488 sometime before 1.0.) Some extra flags to shut up overzealous llvm warnings 489 were added (and have to be probed for because gcc complains about 490 arguments it doesn't recognize even when they switch stuff _off_ using 491 a standard syntax). Don't depend on malloc(0) to return non-null in ls. 492 David Halls fixed some mac/ios portability issues, 493 implying somebody's built at least part of toybox on a mac.</p> 494 495 <p>Added basename_r() to lib/lib.c because the posix semantics for basename() 496 are stupid but what the gnu guys did to it was appalling. 497 Turns out bionic already had a basename_r(), but posix still doesn't. 498 Fixed it up in portability.h, but this 499 could break more stuff in future. (Correct fix is to lobby posix to add it, 500 which would probably take about 15 years...)</p> 501 502 <p><b>Infrastructure:</b> 503 The build now checks $LDFLAGS for linker-only flags, and allows the strip 504 command to fail (binflt toolchains provide a strip that doesn't work). 505 Since time.c uses floating point, added TOYBOX_FLOAT dependency in config.</p> 506 507 <p>There's a lib/lsm.h defining varous inline functions for linux 508 security modules stuff, if (lsm_enabled()) should turn into a compile-time 509 constant 0 and let code drop out when TOYBOX_LSM_NONE selected, but 510 testing against CFG_TOYBOX_LSM_NONE or derived symbols is still useful 511 becuase when it _is_ enabled the probe turns into a system call you 512 don't want to repeat too much.</p> 513 514 <p>Switched a bunch of commands from signal() to xsignal(). Factored out 515 xgetgrnamid() and xgetpwnamid() into xwrap.c. Make time.c depend on 516 TOYBOX_FLOAT (since it always uses float so shouldn't be available on 517 build targets without even software float). Added readfileat() to lib/lib.c.</p> 518 519 <p>The dirtree infrastructure now passes in full flags for the old symlink 520 field, and the new DIRTREE_SHUTUP flag disables warnings if a file vanishes 521 out from under you during traverse. New dirtree_start() wrapper to 522 create dirtree root with only two arguments.</p> 523 524 <p>The not-curses infrastructure introduced by hexedit mostly moved to 525 lib/interestingtimes.c.</p> 526 527 <a name="asterisk" /> 528 <a href="#asterisk_back" />Asterisk:</a> such when 529 Tim contacted me (my blog says a couple days before nov 13, 2011, I.E. 530 11/11/11 not some specific day 2 months later) to ask if I wanted to work 531 on a new project he was proposing called 532 <a href=http://www.elinux.org/Busybox_replacement_project>BentoBox</a> 533 (because I used to do busybox, he'd forgotten toybox existed 534 until I brought it up). And don't ask me what "focuses not on compatibility 535 with its GNU counterparts" means when CP_MORE adds 7 non-posix options 536 and toys/other has 84 commands in neither posix nor LSB. I think they're 537 struggling to explain the difference having dismissed "licensing" as being 538 the reason it started up again after a long hiatus? The reason I don't think 539 GNU is special is there are a half-dozen other independent 540 implementations of the same unix command tools out there (AT&T, 541 BSD, Coherent, Minix, plan 9, busybox, toybox, and several more analyzed in 542 the <a href=roadmap.html>roadmap</a>, and that's ignoring the implementations 543 written for DOS or in assembly over the years). But I do care what 544 Linux From Scratch expects, and if it's 545 <a href=http://archive.linuxfromscratch.org/lfs-museum/7.6/LFS-BOOK-7.6-NOCHUNKS.html#ch-tools-gcc-pass1>calling mv -v</a> 546 then I impelement mv -v 547 even if <a href=http://landley.net/toybox/roadmap.html>posix hasn't got 548 it</a>. And I don't know why "gnu counterparts" would describe this when 549 util-linux isn't a gnu package, nor are info-zip, e2fsprogs, kmod, less, 550 procps, shadow, sysklogd, vim, zlib, sudo, dhcpcd...</p> 551 552 <a name="05-04-2015" /><a href="#05-04-2015"><hr><h2><b>April 5, 2015</b></h2></a> 553 <p>Since <a href=https://android.googlesource.com/platform/external/toybox/>android</a> and 554 <a href=https://git.tizen.org/cgit/platform/upstream/toybox.git>tizen</a> 555 and <a href=https://github.com/kraj/meta-musl/tree/master/recipes-core/toybox>openembedded</a> 556 and <a href=https://packages.gentoo.org/package/sys-apps/toybox>gentoo</a> 557 and so on have all been using Georgi Chorbadzhiyski's git mirror rather 558 than the mercurial repository, I bit the bullet and switched the project's repo 559 <a href=https://github.com/landley/toybox>to git</a>. Georgi's 560 <a href=https://github.com/gfto/toybox>mirror</a> is now pulling from that.</p> 561 562 <a name="25-02-2015" /><a href="#25-02-2015"><hr><h2><b>February 25, 2015</b></h2></a> 563 <blockquote><p>"A common mistake that people make when trying to design 564 something completely foolproof is to underestimate the ingenuity of 565 complete fools."</p><p>- The Hitchhiker's Guide to the Galaxy.</p></blockquote> 566 567 <p><a href=downloads/toybox-0.5.2.tar.gz>Toybox 0.5.2</a> 568 (<a href=/hg/toybox/shortlog/1702>commit 1702</a>) is out.</p> 569 570 <p>New promoted commands: sed (finally fixed enough it builds Linux From 571 Scratch), printf (cleaned up and promoted), shred and 572 base64 (the Tizen guys wanted them), getenforce, setenforce, and chcon (android), 573 mix (promoted with fixes from Isaac Dunham), nsenter (from 574 Andy Lutomirski, merged into unshare).</p> 575 576 <p>Elliott Hughes submited a bunch of patches to support Android (to 577 both toybox and Bionic libc, which he maintains). On toybox's end this 578 involved a lot of fixups to portability.[ch] and fixes to over a dozen 579 commands, plus several new ones. Other portability fixes included working 580 with buildroot's uclibc fork and building for nommu targets.</p> 581 582 <p>The new "make change" target builds each toybox command as a standalone 583 binary. Rather a lot of commands that didn't build by themselves (mv depending 584 on cp and so on) were hit with a large rock until they built standalone. 585 This involved rewriting bits of option parsing, more elaborate dependency 586 generation, making each command have its own config 587 symbol and main() function (even when it's just a wrapper calling another 588 command's main()), and so on. Also, some commands can't be built standalone 589 at a conceptual level: "help" describes other enabled commands and "sh" 590 has a number of bulitin commands (cd, exit, set) that require the 591 multiplexer infrastructure, so "make change" filters them out.</p> 592 593 <p>The mailing list's web archive is still screwed up. Dreamhost has 594 been trying to fix it since approximately September. There are 595 <a href=http://www.mail-archive.com/toybox@lists.landley.net/>two</a> 596 <a href=http://news.gmane.org/gmane.linux.toybox>other</a> less broken 597 archives, but neither has quite the same UI as mailman.</p> 598 599 <h3>Bugfixes and tweaks</h3> 600 601 <p>Cynt Rynt sent in tests for ifconfig, 602 Robert Thompson taught factor to accept whitespace separated arguments, 603 Hyejin Kim pointed out that some of mktemp's longopts were attached to 604 the wrong short options, 605 Luis Felipe Strano Moraes fixed a wrong free() call in bootchartd in pending. 606 Patches from Ashwini Sharma to make "df /dev/node" work, prevent du from 607 looping endlessly following symlinks, and to make expr.c 608 (in pending) understand == and regex matches. (Speaking of expr, it gets 609 priority groupings wrong but the bug was actually in the posix spec's 610 HTML conversion. They fixed the posix spec upstream for us. Still need 611 to fix the expr code, but it's in pending for a reason...)</p> 612 613 <p>Some commands grew new option flags, such as cp --remove-destination 614 and touch -h.</p> 615 616 <p>The parallel build has better error reporting now. When toybox needs to 617 re-exec itself to regain suid root permissions and hasn't got the suid bit, 618 it now gives the right error message ("not root" instead of "no such command"). 619 620 <p>Added a test to "mount" to not mount the same device/directory combination 621 over itself (the OS catches this for block devices, but not for tmpfs). 622 Make blkid distinguish ext3 from ext4. Added catv back into cat (because 623 the Android guys wanted it, and they have historical usage on their side, 624 so...). Handle nanoseconds in touch.</p> 625 626 <p>Fixed a segfault when CP_MORE was disabled (the resulting option flag list 627 no longer defined -d but still had it in option groups at the end). 628 Workaround for glibc redefining dirname() and basename() to random non-posix 629 semantics because gnu. (They could have created dirname_r() but didn't want 630 to.)</p> 631 632 <p>Fix an ifconfig test that was preventing assigning an ipv4 address to 633 interface aliases. Several cleanup passes on hwclock but not quite 634 promoted out of pending yet.<p> 635 636 <p>Fixed a wrong error message in rm (if you had a chmod 000 directory and 637 did rm -r on it without -f, after the prompt it would complain it was a 638 directory, which was not the problem).</p> 639 640 <p>The gzip compression code now does "store only" output to stdout, for 641 what that's worth.</p> 642 643 <p>Cleanup mountpoint and expand, and remove them from toys/pending/README 644 (a list of commands that predate the toys/pending directory but needed 645 another pass).</p> 646 647 <h3>Library and infrastructure:</h3> 648 649 <p>Reworked the option parsing infrastructure so more commands build 650 standalone (via scripts/single.sh or "make change"). The option flag bit 651 values are no longer packed, it leaves spaces where currently disabled 652 flags go, and you can #define FORCE_FLAGS so disabled flags aren't zeroed. 653 This allows multiple commands to more easily share infrastructure, even if 654 your current flag context is for a disabled command (switched off in config), 655 you can force them to stay on and as long as the flags read the same right 656 to left they'll have the same values.</p> 657 658 <p>We've started removing use of strncpy() because it's a hugely broken 659 standard C function: the length is the maximum length to _append_, not 660 the size of the destination buffer. It memsets the remaining space it didn't 661 copy ala "memset(dest+strlen(dest), 0, len);" so 662 if you think len is the size of dest you're guaranteed to stomp memory off the 663 end). And if it runs out of space it won't null terminate because reasons. 664 (Meanwhile sprintf("%*s", len, str) is counting wide characters in your current 665 locale, so if you set a locale other than "C" it will also go past your 666 allocated buffer size. Whoever is maintining the C library standards is really 667 bad at strings.) 668 Instead we have xstrncat() which will error_exit() if src+dest+1 doesn't 669 fit in the buffer. (Because randomly truncating input data isn't necessarily 670 an improvement.) And there's always xmprintf().</p> 671 672 <p>Similarly, strtol() doesn't return an error indicator on overflow, 673 you have to clear and then check errno. So new xstrtol() that cares 674 about overflow.</p> 675 676 <p>The bionic and musl guys agree faccessat(AT_SYMLINK_NOFOLLOW) is not 677 supported, so stop using it.</p> 678 679 <p>Fixed toy_exec() to detect when argc is in optargs, so we don't 680 need a separate xexec_optargs().</p> 681 682 <a name="18-02-2015" /><a href="#18-02-2015"><hr><h2><b>February 18, 2015</b></h2></a> 683 <p>Dreamhost continues to be unable to make mailing list archives work, so 684 here's <a href=http://www.mail-archive.com/toybox@lists.landley.net/>another 685 list archive</a> with a less awkward interface than gmane.</p> 686 687 <p>(Neither gives you the convenient historical monthly views of mailman, 688 but I still have hopes dreamhost will someday figure out what they're doing 689 wrong. They've only been trying since October. Last month they did a 690 <a href=http://www.dreamhoststatus.com/2015/01/14/discussion-list-hardware-maintenance/>hardware upgrade to fix a software problem</a>, and the stale 691 data loads much faster now, so that's something.)</p> 692 693 <p>Update (Feb 19): the archive started updating again, by discarding 694 all the pending data. So there are now _two_ giant holes in Dreamhost's 695 web archive, from Dec 15-Jan 3, and then another hole from Jan 16-Feb 18. 696 The relevant messages are in both of the other archives. Here's hoping 697 the chronic archive constipation problem won't happen a sixth time.</p> 698 699 <a name="30-12-2014" /><a href="#30-12-2014"><hr><h2><b>December 30, 2014</b></h2></a> 700 <p>Due to Dreamhost's <a href=http://landley.net/dreamhost.txt>ongoing</a> 701 <a href=http://landley.net/dreamhost2.txt>inability</a> to make mailman 702 work reliably, I've added a link to a backup web archive at 703 <a href=http://news.gmane.org/gmane.linux.toybox>gmane</a> to the nav bar 704 on the left.</p> 705 706 <p>You still subscribe to the list through 707 <a href=http://lists.landley.net/listinfo.cgi/toybox-landley.net>the first link</a>.</p> 708 709 <p>Update (January 27, 2015): they're <a href=https://twitter.com/landley/status/558428839462703104>still working on it</a>.</p> 710 711 <a name="19-11-2014" /><a href="#19-11-2014"><hr><h2><b>November 19, 2014</b></h2></a> 712 713 <blockquote><p>"This time it was right, it would work, and no one would have to get nailed to anything." - The Hitchhiker's Guide to the Galaxy.</p></blockquote> 714 715 <p><a href=downloads/toybox-0.5.1.tar.bz2>Toybox 0.5.1</a> 716 (<a href=/hg/toybox/shortlog/1566>commit 1566</a>) is out.</p> 717 718 <p>It's an interim release, mostly bugfixes. There are several new commands, 719 but they're all in pending.</p> 720 721 <h3>Development</h3> 722 723 <p>Finally implemented sed, which is still in pending because although 724 it's feature complete according to posix, and even passes the parts of 725 Busybox's sed test suite that aren't explicitly testing for gnu bugs we 726 don't want to copy, it's not yet good enough to build Linux From Scratch. 727 (The ./configure stages use very long sed scripts. 20 commits worth of 728 implementation and debugging, just under 1000 lines of code, and there's 729 still more to do. We're definitely up to some of the "fiddly" commands now. 730 Did you know "echo hello | sed p - -" segfaults gnu sed in Ubuntu 12.04? 731 Yeah...)</p> 732 733 <p>Talked with the Tizen developers to follow up on their desire to 734 make toybox a part of the base Tizen system, and got a list of commands 735 to add to the roadmap. The tizen todo list is:</p> 736 737 <blockquote><p> 738 wget, sha256*, gzip, gunzip, bunzip2, rsync, zdiff*, 739 less, ar, arch, base64, csplit, dir, fmt, join, 740 nproc, shred, shuf, stdbuf, stty, test, tr, unexpand, 741 users, vdir, diff3, sdiff, dosfsck (fsck.vfat), awk, fdisk 742 </p></blockquote> 743 744 <p>(Most of which was already on the todo list, but it helps prioritize.)</p> 745 746 <p>Fixed md5sum and sha1sum on big endian systems (reported by James McMechan). 747 Andy Lutomirski fixed unshare's help text and option parsing, 748 and submitted nsenter (a tool to use setns(2)) to pending. 749 Isaac Dunham implemented acpi -ctV options, and spotted the bug that ls -d 750 was inappropraitely following command line symlinks without -H or -L (it 751 should act like ls -l does), and ls -F handles symlinks wrong too. 752 Lukasz Szpakowski sent in two bugfixes to tail.c. Cynt Rynt spotted an 753 unnecessary assignment in lib/password.c.</p> 754 755 <p>Ashwini Sharma's team was as busy as usual, submitting tr, crontab, and 756 ipcrm, and hwclock to pending, more features to the pending ip.c, and a 757 pile of bugfixes (to chgrp, killall, ifconfig, insmod, 758 losetup, comm, cp, id, xwrap, netcat, modprobe, nohup...) mostly found by 759 static analysis. (These fixes are mostly to seldom-used codepaths like the 760 TOYBOX_FREE config option, but test coverage is always appreciated.) Ashwini 761 also suggested upgrading ln -f to leave the original target alone if link 762 creation fails, and reported that mv -f and -i weren't implemented (now fixed).</p> 763 764 <p>New config option: TOYBOX_NORECURSE prevents xexec() from making internal 765 function calls (for nommu systems with a finite stack).</p> 766 767 <p>The "toybox" multiplexer command no longer adds a trailing space to each 768 line of command names, so things like "./toybox | tr ' \n' '|'" to create 769 a grep pattern snippet are easier to do. (Why you'd want to is your business, 770 but the output is tidier now.)</p> 771 772 <h3>Infrastructure</h3> 773 774 <p>Isaac Dunham added Android support to portability.h, including compile 775 probes for functions missing from bionic-libc, and annotated the commands that 776 use those functions. We haven't really tested building against bionic, 777 but in theory it's possible now.</p> 778 779 <p>Running the test suite now color codes the PASS/SKIP/FAIL notifications 780 if output is to a tty. (And in case you missed it last time, VERBOSE=fail 781 to stop at the first failure is really useful.)</p> 782 783 <p>In loopfiles_rw() use O_CLOEXEC instead of O_RDONLY to request the loop 784 function close filehandles for us. (Otherwise the callback function must 785 close each supplied filehandle itself.)</p> 786 787 <p>The printf-style escape parsing ("\n" and friends) got factored out into 788 a new unescape() function.</p> 789 790 <a name="02-10-2014" /><a href="#02-10-2014"><hr><h2><b>October 2, 2014</b></h2></a> 791 <blockquote><p>"There is an art, it says, or rather, a knack to flying. 792 The knack lies in learning how to throw yourself at the ground and miss... 793 Clearly, it is this second part, the missing, which presents the 794 difficulties." - The Hitchhiker's Guide to the Galaxy.<p></blockquote> 795 796 <p><a href=downloads/toybox-0.5.0.tar.bz2>Toybox 0.5.0</a> 797 (<a href=/hg/toybox/shortlog/1512>commit 1512</a>) is out.</p> 798 799 <h3>New commands</h3> 800 801 <p>The new commands are find, install, factor, and mount. Promoted commands 802 (cleaned up and moved out of "pending") are lspci, inotifyd, and blockdev.</p> 803 804 <p>cp now implements -HL and -F to force delete of pending files, cpio now 805 ignores -m and implements -p, ls -C now has utf8 support (using wcwidth 806 instead of strlen), and umount got a number of upgrades involving 807 looking things up in /proc/mounts. Other minor cleanups happend to 808 cut, touch, free, and id.</p> 809 810 <p>In pending: Bradley Controy submitted mix (adjusts OSS sound volume). Ashwini 811 Sharma submitted diff, userdel, blockdev, ipcs, and crond, upgraded 812 fdisk, fsck, and ftpget, and ran a static analyzer on a lot of other code. 813 Partial cleanup was done to useradd, userdel, groupadd, and groupdel.</p> 814 815 <h3>Build infrastructure</h3> 816 817 <p><b>Parallel builds</b></p> 818 819 <p>The build now takes advantage of SMP, autodetecting the number of 820 processors. (Export the environment variable CPUS to pick a specific number.) 821 Other build changes: split out $LDOPTIMIZE because old compilers complain 822 about linker options passed with -c, and the entire "generated" directory now 823 gets deleted by clean (the README that was in there got merged into code.html).</p> 824 825 <p><b>Standalone builds</b></p> 826 827 <p>The standalone build infrastructure (scripts/single.sh) got upgraded to 828 build more commands as standalone executables. In make.sh the source file 829 selection uses a regex to find the source files with the NEWTOY/OLDTOY macro 830 for the command. It enables each command's 831 sub-options (so CP has CP_MORE), enables I18N and FLOAT support to build 832 full-featured commands, and includes --help text (at least when 833 the command doesn't use another command's help). The OLDTOY() macro 834 now produces (redundant) function prototypes so you can build an OLDTOY 835 without the NEWTOY</p> 836 837 <p>It doesn't quite have complete coverage yet, the defconfig entries that 838 aren't building standalone yet are:</p> 839 840 <blockquote><p>chown, egrep, fgrep, fstype, halt, mv, nc, poweroff, unix2dos, 841 whoami</p></blockquote> 842 843 <p>The main reason for standalone build failures is NEWTOY() or OLDTOY() 844 entries that don't have their own config symbol. Another problem is entries 845 that depend on another entry in kconfig, usually because common infrastructure 846 is using one command's flags (which the other commands copy): if that command 847 is disabled, the FLAG macros become 0 so dead code elimination can remove the 848 code. It's <a href=http://landley.net/hg/toybox/rev/1503>possible 849 to untangle</a> this, but a bit awkward. (It boils down to conflicting 850 design goals in the two contexts.)</p> 851 852 <p>Standalone builds are used by the test suite when testing individual 853 commands. 854 855 <p><b>Snapshot builds</b></p> 856 857 <p>A new addition to the "generated" directory is generated/build.sh 858 containing a single compiler command line to build toybox in its current 859 configuration. Combined with the generated/*.{h,sh} files from an 860 exisiting build, this may let you build on a new system that hasn't quite 861 got enough OS bits working to run a full configureand make.</p> 862 863 <h3>Internals</h3> 864 865 <p>Library code: xcreate/xopen now O_CLOEXEC by default to avoid leaking 866 filehandles to child processes. DIRTREE_COMEAGAIN's second callback is now 867 done with the directory filehandle still open (new dir->again variable added 868 to distinguish first from second callback, and requesting DIRTREE_RECURSE now 869 requires passing in the specific macro value, not just a true/false). 870 Use daemon() out of libc instead of hand-rolled daemonize() in various 871 pending commands. string_to_mode() now passes through type bits so you can 872 use it to more easily modify a file's existing mode. 873 Split xpopen() into xpopen_both(), xopen(), and xrun() depending on whether 874 we want to redirect both, one, or neither of stdin/stdout.</p> 875 876 <p>Bugfixes: Better error message when TOYBOX_SUID option can't drop priviliges 877 (which happens when you suid something _other_ than root). 878 The old pending version of nbd_client.c wasn't deleted when the 879 command was promoted (and the build would break if both were enabled), 880 toy_exec() sometimes needs to re-exec from $PATH rather than recurse 881 internally (to gain dropped root permissions or limit stack depth), 882 always call setlocale() when I18N is enabled to switch it back _off_ when 883 we run commands that expect sscanf("%n") to return bytes, 884 dirtree() had a memory leak in an error path, patch.c had some bugs in 885 error paths (didn't report problem clearly). Ashwini Sharma spotted an 886 option parsing bug where [-abc] would forget _all_ command line arguments 887 saved in the GLOBALS() block (not just the ones for options being switched 888 off), plus various minor fixes to nbd_client and cpio. 889 Lukasz Szpakowski fixed rm -f on a broken symlink (failed), and killall 890 with no arguments (segfaulted).</p> 891 892 <p><b>Portability</b></p> 893 894 <p>A somewhat fiddly fix to rm -rf (which needs to chmod directories to u+rwx 895 to descend into them) which hit a musl bug in faccessat() which the musl 896 maintainer refuses to fix. (He literally wants the man page changed 897 instead, despite other libcs working.) Added an #ifdef __MUSL__ section 898 to portability.h with a workaround, you may need CFLAGS=-D__MUSL__ in your 899 build if your musl build's features.h doesn't #define that. (I may do 900 a different workaround in future, but sometimes you've just got to make 901 it work so you can ship. Also, toybox grep with multiple patterns 902 requires <a href=http://landley.net/hg/aboriginal/rev/1692>a patch 903 to musl's regex engine</a>, which applies to 1.1.4 but not to the current 904 musl source control.)</p> 905 906 <p>More portability.h fixes for uClibc too. (I don't expect that to ever have 907 another release, so locally patching around posix-2008 violations is silly).</p> 908 909 <p><b>Change to username filtering</b></p> 910 911 <p>Posix recommends the username creation logic filter usernames to a small 912 allowed set of characters (which even Red Hat breaks by explicitly allowing 913 "$" at the end), but this prevents UTF-8 usernames. Posix' stated logic 914 is to allow filesystems to create the user's home directory, but Linux 915 filesystems can accept any character but NUL and "/". The only characters 916 we actually _need_ to filter out are ":" (field separator in passwd), 917 newline (line separator in passwd), and "/" (directory separator in 918 filesystem).</p> 919 920 <h3>Documentation</h3> 921 922 <p>Web pages updated: cleanup.html documents more cleanup, code.html 923 documents more code, and about.html now capitalizes "toybox" consistently 924 (it's just a word, capitalize at start of sentence).</p> 925 926 <p>The pending/README file now lists commands that needed review/cleanup 927 before the pending directory was added.</p> 928 929 <h3>Test Suite</h3> 930 931 <p>Moved out of scripts/test into top level "tests" directory, and the 932 testing.sh script is now in scripts rather than mixed into the *.test files.</p> 933 934 <p>Johan Bergstrm requested VERBOSE=fail to make tests (telling it to 935 stop at the first failure), and spotted a build bug where using gnu 936 sort on the host broke in non-C locales.</p> 937 938 <p>Divya Kothari submitted tests for chmod, link, tar, bzcat, xzcat, zcat, 939 and hostname. (And more, but that's all that's merged so far.)</p> 940 941 <a name="07-07-2014" /><a href="#07-07-2014"><hr><h2><b>July 7, 2014</b></h2></a> 942 <blockquote><p>"This planet has - or rather had - a problem, which was this: 943 most of the people living on it were unhappy for pretty much of the time. Many 944 solutions were suggested for this problem, but most of these were largely 945 concerned with the movement of small green pieces of paper, which was odd 946 because on the whole it wasn't the small green pieces of paper that were 947 unhappy." - The Hitchhiker's Guide to the Galaxy.</p></blockquote> 948 949 <p><a href=downloads/toybox-0.4.9.tar.bz2>Toybox 0.4.9</a> (<a href=/hg/toybox/shortlog/1385>commit 1385</a>) is out.</p> 950 951 <p><b>New commands</b> added to pending include: 952 lsattr, chattr, inotifyd, rfkill, sulogin, strings, makedevs, 953 killall5, and tar from Ashwini Sharma, arp from Kyungwan Han, 954 sysctl by Bilal Qureshi, partprobe from Bertold Van den Bergh, 955 host from Rich felker, and I did nbd-client and the first 2/3 of mount.</p> 956 957 <p>Finished cleanups (commands promoted out of pending): 958 sysctl, rfkill, strings, mkpasswd, makedevs, partprobe, killall5, 959 fallocate, and nbd-client.</p> 960 961 <p>(Along the way partial cleanups got made to: last, fold, lspci, ps, 962 bootchartd, init, fsck, telnetd, telnet, vconfig, toysh, iconv, useradd, 963 login, host, openvt, deallocvt, getty, tftpd, and modprobe. But there's 964 still more to do on all of those.)</p> 965 966 <p>This time around the <a href=bin>static binaries</a> are linked against 967 musl instead of uClibc. (That's why there's no sparc version, musl doesn't 968 support that target yet.)</p> 969 970 <p><b>Documentation:</b></p> 971 972 <p>The help text parser expects lower case "usage:" lines with 973 a blank line after them, so go through and regularize those. Expand the 974 "coding style" section in the docs and move it to design.html. (Not a show 975 stopper for incoming 976 contributions, just an explanation of some of the things I'll do to them 977 during cleanup.) The help text for the "toybox" command now includes 978 the shell script snippet to install symlinks to the toybox binary.</p> 979 980 <p>The <a href=cleanup.html>cleanup page</a> now has descriptions for the 981 full ifconfig cleanup series, among others.</p> 982 983 <p>The new toys/examples directory contains hello.c and skeleton.c. The first is 984 a simple hello world program in toybox style, the second is a much more 985 elaborate example program using showing how to use the command line option 986 parsing and how to provide multiple commands in the same C file.</p> 987 988 <p><b>Fixes</b>:</p> 989 990 <p>Fix od bug reported by Samuel Holland ("od -v -b" was appending the default 991 output type even though an output type was specified). Ashwini Sharma reported 992 bugs where readfile() was incorrectly freeing its buffer, and where toy_init() 993 was zeroing the wrong data because the field it was using to measure (rebound) 994 had moved (when I moved it back I added a comment why the field needs to be 995 there), fixed a segfault in the dhcp client, and made a 0 length read at 996 the start of password entry count as EOF. Make the "we are not root" test 997 in the init code show the help text. Posix implies that fflush() can return 998 success even when the stream's error bit is set, so call both fflush() and 999 ferror() from xprintf().</p> 1000 1001 <p>Isaac Dunham pointed out that bloatcheck couldn't deal with diff 1002 implementations that only implement "unified diff" format, and that some 1003 diff implementations can't handle nonseekable input (I.E. reading from 1004 a pipe). Bugfix so "help -a" works again. Option parsing on nohup now stops 1005 at first nonoption argument. Fix segfault in "which" if PATH wasn't set, 1006 which was actually a bug in lib function find_in_path(). Made rm -rf of 1007 chmod 000 directories actually remove them.</p> 1008 1009 <p>The build now passes the same $CFLAGS to the library probe as the final 1010 build, because arch linux is so broken it provides different sets of 1011 libraries for static and dynamic linking.</p> 1012 1013 <p>It turns out sprintf("%.123s", str) is counting characters, not bytes, 1014 so globally enabling locale support opens stack smashing vulnerabilities. 1015 So there's a new TOYFLAGS_LOCALE you set in toyflags when you want the 1016 setup code to setlocale().</p> 1017 1018 <p><b>Upgrades:</b></p> 1019 1020 <p>Isaac Dunham extended cpio to archive unreadable empty files, and I taught it 1021 to set uid/gid and timestamp when extracting archives. Isaac also 1022 added tests for cpio, link, and du, added lspci -i, made the pci database 1023 parsing skip # comment lines, merged logname and whoami into id.</p> 1024 1025 <p>Daniel Verkamp sped up md5sum about 30% with some loop unrolling, making 1026 it actually smaller in the process. I added -b flags to md5sum and sha1sum 1027 for "brief" output that's just the hash with no filename. (I'm aware other 1028 implementations use that for MSDOS "binary" mode, and don't care.)</p> 1029 1030 <p>When building standalone commands (scripts/singleconfig.sh commandname), 1031 the build now switches on all the sub-options of the command so we get 1032 a standalone version with all the bells and whistles enabled.</p> 1033 1034 <p>Add -ds flags to date and document +FORMAT escapes. Add the shell NOP 1035 command ":" as an alias for true (for toysh).</p> 1036 1037 <p>Add uClibc probe for iconv() and fallocate. (The fact it didn't always 1038 build against uClibc is why fallocate wasn't enabled in defconfig before.)</p> 1039 1040 <p>The umount command now does an losetup -d on the device by default, so 1041 we don't leak loopback devices. Bugfix to losetup so "losetup /dev/loop0 1042 filename" actually works again.</p> 1043 1044 <p>Divya Kothari sent in test suite entries for ls, ln, rm, mv, printf, dd, 1045 and renice. Then a second round for lsattr/chattr, mount, chmod, pgrep/pkill, 1046 groupadd, groupdel, and useradd. Several of these uncovered bugs, still 1047 working to fix them.</p> 1048 1049 <p>There are now free() functions for the predefined llist types and a 1050 dlist_terminate() function to break doubly linked lists. The new 1051 generic_signal() handler either sets "toys.signal" or writes a byte 1052 to toys.signalfd with the signal number if signalfd isn't -1 (which it's 1053 initialized to in toy_init).</p> 1054 1055 <p>The option parsing logic can now detect when a double fits in a long and 1056 use the more precise type for floating point arguments (the FLOAT macro 1057 contains the type used). The human_readable() function now just outputs 1058 decimal kilo/mega/gigabytes (so when du -u says 5.0G it means 5.0 billion 1059 bytes). The build infrastructure now notices duplicate commands (so if you 1060 cp toys/pending/command.c toys/other/command.c and forget to delete the 1061 first one, the build break is now more informative).</p> 1062 1063 <a name="20-04-2014" /><a href="#20-04-2014"><hr><h2><b>April 20, 2014</b></h2></a> 1064 <blockquote><p>And to this end they built themselves a stupendous supercomputer 1065 which was so amazingly intelligent that even before the data banks 1066 had been connected up it had started from "I think therefore I am" and got as 1067 far as the existence of rice pudding and income tax before anyone managed to 1068 turn it off. - The Hitchhiker's Guide to the Galaxy.</p></blockquote> 1069 1070 <p><a href=downloads/toybox-0.4.8.tar.bz2>Toybox 0.4.8</a> is based on 1071 <a href=http://landley.net/hg/toybox/shortlog/1262>commit 1262</a>. And 1072 about time too.</p> 1073 1074 <p>The big news is that the build no longer needs python to generate help.h, 1075 that's now done in C. The help text generation is also collating help text 1076 from multiple options, merging command line option blocks and usage: lines. 1077 There's even a new <a href=help.html>help web page</a>.</p> 1078 1079 <p><b>New commands:</b> Ifconfig, cpio, and su were cleaned up the rest of the 1080 way and promoted out of pending. That saga is mostly explained on the 1081 <a href=cleanup.html>cleanup page</a>. Vivek Bhagat's freeramdisk, 1082 Isaac Dunham's fsfreeze, and Felix Janda's iconv are also new.</p> 1083 1084 <p><b>In pending:</b> 1085 Ashwini Sharma's team submitted tcpsvd, udpsvd, telnet, telnetd, last, more, 1086 groupdel/delgroup, arping, brctl, ftpget, ftpput, printf, reset, and added 1087 ipv6 support to traceroute. Kyungwan Han's team submitted modprobe and getty. 1088 Vivek Bhagat submitted openvt and deacllocvt. Samuel Holland submitted fold. 1089 I wrote a new inflate (zip/zlib/gzip decompression) implementation in 1090 compress.c, and still need to do a corresponding deflate (compression-side) 1091 and plug them into gzip and zip and so on. (Right now it does zcat.)</p> 1092 1093 <p>Several commands (vmstat, login, du, vconfig, mountpoint, free, chroot, 1094 cut, touch, modinfo, expand) predate the "pending" directory, and are thus 1095 in other directories but still need cleanup. Of these, vmstat got some 1096 work this time (which would be much easier other vmstat implementations 1097 documented what their output actually meant).</p> 1098 1099 <p><b>Upgrades:</b> Ifconfig grew /prefix netmask support (ala 1.2.3.4/24). Grep now has -zZ to 1100 handle null terminated data, cksum grew -H for hex output. Upgraded od so the 1101 fields align better when producing multiple output types. Help has -a and -h 1102 options (all commands, html output). 1103 Bugfix to blkid building for a 32 bit target. The date command can actually 1104 set dates now. The O_NOFOLLOW compile time probe didn't work with cross 1105 compiling, so it's back to an #ifdef test in portability.h. Nathan McSween 1106 sent in a bugfix to od and a portability fix in the common library code. 1107 Ashwini Sharma spotted a bug in pidof -o, and added verbose (-v) options 1108 to mkdir and ln, and suggested killall should have an -s option and 1109 allow -l to take zero arguments. Ashwini Sharma and Felix Janda upgraded 1110 tftpd. Fixed dumpleases still using toynet.h after 1111 that was removed. Corrected killall return code and error reporting. 1112 Isacc Dunham fixed bugs all over the tree, did cleanup on a bunch of 1113 pending commands (getty, ftpget, init, openvt, modprobe...), and clarified 1114 find's help text. Tom Sparrow ran three different static analyzers on 1115 the code, which resulted in a few cleanups. The peek()/poke() functions 1116 now use "volatile" to prevent broken compiler "optimizations" to do with 1117 aliasing.</p> 1118 1119 <p><b>Build stuff:</b> Each FOR_xxxx macro now has a complementary CLEANUP_xxxx macro, so you 1120 can put multiple commands with different command line options in the same 1121 .c file, so they can share infrastructure outside of lib. (This let the 1122 bunzip logic move out of lib into bzcat.c.) See XXX for example. 1123 i 1124 <p>The headers #included in toys.h are now grouped by standard, and headers 1125 not listed in Posix or LSB were moved to portability.h. The old xregcomp.h 1126 was folded into lib.h because it's posix (and supporting oddball uClibc 1127 configurations isn't as important as it once was).</p> 1128 1129 <p>Regression tested against Ubuntu 8.04 to fix up bit-rot in defconfig 1130 build on older systems. (We depend on Posix-2008, but not necessarily 1131 the absolute latest build environment.)</p> 1132 1133 <p><b>In lib</b>: lib/xwrap.c added xgetpwnam(), xchroot(), and lib/lib.c now has names_to_pid(). 1134 xsetuid() was replaced with xsetuser() which takes a struct passwd 1135 and sets both gid and uid, mkpathat() got factored out into a library command, 1136 get_int_value() became atolx_range(), and 1137 xmsprintf() is now just xmprintf(). The bunzip2 logic moved from lib into 1138 bzcat.c.</p> 1139 1140 <p><b>Documentation</b>: new <a href=help.html>help page</a> with the 1141 help text for all the defconfig commands, using the new help -ah output. 1142 The <a href=code.html>source code walkthrough</a> now says more about 1143 #including header files, and how the generated/* directory works. The 1144 <a href=design.html>design page</a> has some new paragraphs about trading 1145 of different kinds of simplicity, and why comments aren't a substitute for 1146 good code. The README no longer trails off into obvious unfinished confusion 1147 at the end. Each page on the website should now have its own title.</p> 1148 1149 <a name="18-11-2013" /><a href="#18-11-2013"><hr><h2><b>November 18, 2013</b></h2></a> 1150 <blockquote><p>"Space," it says, "is big. Really big. You just won't believe how vastly, hugely, mindbogglingly big it is. I mean, you may think it's a long way down the street to the chemist's, but that's just peanuts to space." - 1151 The Hitchhiker's Guide to the Galaxy.</p></blockquote> 1152 1153 <p><a href=downloads/toybox-0.4.7.tar.bz2>Toybox 0.4.7</a> is based on 1154 <a href=http://landley.net/hg/toybox/shortlog/1122>commit 1122</a>.</p> 1155 1156 <p>New commands: Brad Conroy submitted blkid. Elie De Brauwer submitted 1157 reboot, halt, and poweroff. Strake's nl got cleaned up and promoted from 1158 pending to posix. In addition, the existing chvt and vconfig got some 1159 cleanup.</p> 1160 1161 <p>That said, I haven't nearly kept up with the flood of new commands going 1162 into pending: Ashwini Sharma's team submitted 1163 dd, dumpleases, traceroute, top, useradd, groupadd, mkpasswd, tftpd, and 1164 an fsck wrapper (with no filesystem drivers yet). Isaac Dunham sent in cpio.</p> 1165 1166 <p>Bugfixes: Jeroen van Rijn added a user count to uptime. Elie De Brauwer 1167 added -e to watch, removed a memory leak, and fixed a terminal size problem. 1168 William Haddon made xargs call its command line once even with blank input 1169 (the standard is vague, but builds expect it), and fixed an off by one bug 1170 where grep didn't malloc enough space with -E (leading to a segfault). 1171 I fixed a glitch in bunzip2 (same one as went into busybox since they're using 1172 the code I wrote), in od to fix -t co, -J, and -c options. Add uname -o as a 1173 synonym for -s. Build fix to never use $CC without prefixing it with 1174 $CROSS_COMPILE (since $HOSTCC could be different). Anca Emanuel spotted 1175 a typo in the web page.</p> 1176 1177 <p>The compile-time command line option parsing got rewritten (ported from 1178 bash to C), which should speed up builds a bit and allow code controlled by 1179 --longopts to drop out properly when disabled in the configuration. Terminal 1180 querying got refactored. Patch's -x option is now more informative (a 1181 debug thing if you're trying to figure out why a patch didn't apply). 1182 The "toynet.h" file got folded into toys.h since musl supports it and 1183 micromanging uClibc options isn't very interesting anymore. The test suite 1184 now uses scripts/single.sh when testing a single command.</p> 1185 1186 <a name="17-09-2013" /><a href="#17-09-2013"><hr><h2><b>September 17, 2013</b></h2></a> 1187 <blockquote><p>"Think of a number," said the computer, "any number." 1188 Arthur told the computer the telephone number of King's Cross railway 1189 station passenger inquiries, on the grounds that it must have some function, 1190 and this might turn out to be it. - The Hitchhiker's Guide to the Galaxy</p> 1191 </blockquote> 1192 1193 <p><a href=downloads/toybox-0.4.6.tar.bz2>Toybox 0.4.6</a> is based on 1194 <a href=http://landley.net/hg/toybox/shortlog/1068>commit 1068</a>.</p> 1195 1196 <p>This release adds 1197 several new commands: Felix Janda wrote paste and fallocate, Kyungwan Han 1198 submitted eject, Strake contributed grep, Ashwini Sharma added pmap (and 1199 a testsuite entry for grep), Lukasz Skalski sent pwdx, Isaac Dunham posted 1200 acpi, and I did timeout and umount.</p> 1201 1202 <p>The ls command now has a --color=auto option (suggested by Rich Felker). 1203 The multiplexer now has a --help option so you can say "./toybox --help blah" 1204 instead of using the built-in "help" command. (Which is a shell built-in. 1205 Try it on your command line, it's like man for shell builtins. But a certain 1206 other project has conditioned people to expect --help, so...) I forget who 1207 heehooman at gmail is but they pointed out unshare needed PID and UID 1208 namespace support.</p> 1209 1210 <h3>Pending</h3> 1211 1212 <p>A lot of new commands in toys/pending, to the point the next release should 1213 probably just focus on cleanup and review of this backlog. We've got klogd, 1214 dhcp, dhcpd, watch, route, and ps from 1215 Ashwini Sharma (and an fsck wrapper but no fsck.fstype engines yet), 1216 syslogd, pgrep, and pkill from Madhur Verma, netstat by Ranjan Kumar, 1217 test by Felix Janda, lspci by Isaac Dunham, nl, su, and renice by strake (I.E. 1218 M. Farkas-Dyck), and sysvinit by Kyungwan Han.</p> 1219 1220 <p>Some cleanup work on existing pending commands that aren't 1221 ready to promote yet: I did a few more rounds on ifconfig 1222 and Isaac Dunham's did several cleanups to xzcat, Felix Janda cleaned up 1223 logger and syslogd...</p> 1224 1225 <p>Also some cleanup work on commands that predate the pending directory, 1226 but weren't quite polished when they went in, most prominently du, 1227 expand, and touch.</p> 1228 1229 <h3>Infrastructure</h3> 1230 1231 <p>The new scripts/single.sh builds a standalone command without the 1232 multiplexer, although not all commands can be built that way yet (NEWTOY yes, 1233 OLDTOY no) and the space savings aren't anything to write home about. (If a 1234 command needs the option parsing logic at all, it needs all of it.) If 1235 you're curious, you can do:</p> 1236 1237 <blockquote><pre> 1238 make defconfig 1239 make 1240 mkdir singles 1241 for i in $(./toybox) 1242 do 1243 echo $i 1244 PREFIX=singles/ scripts/single.sh $i || break 1245 done 1246 </pre> 1247 <p>(And then wait a long time and watch almost half the builds fail.)</p> 1248 </blockquote> 1249 1250 <p>There is now libbuf analogous to toybuf, another global 4k buffer this 1251 time for use by lib/ code instead of command code.</p> 1252 1253 <p>The lib directory got split up a bit, lib/pending.c contains functions 1254 not yet used by anything outside of toys/pending/*, and lib/xwrap.c contains 1255 functions that wrap other functions and handle failures (via error_exit). 1256 This leaves lib/lib.c containing actual new functions.</p> 1257 1258 <p>General improvements and bug fixes to argument parsing. The [-abc] exclude 1259 logic should now clear arguments slots when disabling options. Bare --longopts 1260 should work now and be able to report errors using their name, the new ; 1261 option allows optional arguments to longopts only suppliable with = (I.E. 1262 --color and --color=auto but not --color auto).</p> 1263 1264 <p>I'm gradually weaning the code off of itoa()/utoa() because sprintf 1265 does this already. In this case "simple" probably means "let libc do it 1266 for us".</p> 1267 1268 <p>Rewrote for_each_pid_with_name_in() and renamed it to just names_to_pid(). 1269 It shouldn't get confused trying to compare absolute and relative paths quite 1270 so much anymore.</p> 1271 1272 <p>lib/llist.c grew a new dlist_pop() function for removing a doubly 1273 linked list entry while maintaining a circular list; tail and patch are 1274 using it now.</p> 1275 1276 <p>The musl guys suggested a new optimization flag 1277 (-fno-asynchronous-unwind-tables) 1278 that shaves about 10% off the binary size by removing a C++ism that crept 1279 into gcc's idea of C. While I don't normally try to micromanage the compiler, 1280 "-fstop-being-stupid" is a thing you have to hit gcc with from time to time.</p> 1281 1282 <h3>Bugfixes</h3> 1283 1284 <p>Felix Janda and I did a largeish rewrite of tail to 1285 finally make it work right (we think). Still need to implement tail -f 1286 someday (the tricky bit is making -f follow multiple files at once). 1287 Felix also reported a bug in xpidfile.</p> 1288 1289 <p>Juhani Haverinen pointed out that 1290 python 3 doesn't work with config2help.py, so the detection logic looks 1291 for python2 (until I get around to rewriting that in C). Elie De Brauwer 1292 then fixed our first attempt at this, and also fixed uname's help string.</p> 1293 1294 <p>Ashwini Sharma 1295 pointed out the build was making a FLAG_ macro for " " which broke some 1296 configurations. (That's a control character, not a command line option.)</p> 1297 1298 <p>Jacek Bukarewicz pointed out a bug in chdir permission handling, and 1299 a way to make env segfault. Both should be fixed now.</p> 1300 1301 <p>The new function xexec_optargs() 1302 replaces calls to xexec(toys.optargs) to avoid freeing and reusing optargs 1303 during option parsing screwing stuff up (such as netcat's exec mode).</p> 1304 1305 <p>The stat command's %a output was padded with leading zeroes, which 1306 didn't match anybody else's behavior and thus made the test suite hiccup 1307 between TEST_HOST and testing toybox. (If you go "TEST_HOST=1 scripts/test.sh 1308 command" it sanity checks the tests against the host implementation.)</p> 1309 1310 <p>Last release, "mkdir sub/sub && chmod 007 sub/sub && rm -rf sub" didn't 1311 delete sub and didn't exit with an error either. Neither was correct, rm 1312 should now be fixed.</p> 1313 1314 <p> 1315 <a name="26-07-2013" /><a href="#26-07-2013"><hr><h2><b>July 26, 2013</b></h2></a> 1316 <p>Georgi Chorbadzhiyski maintains a <a href=https://github.com/gfto/toybox>git 1317 mirror</a> of the repository on github, automatically updated from the 1318 mercurial every 6 hours. The mirror is read only, but you can generate patches 1319 against it and post them to the list.</p> 1320 1321 <a name="02-07-2013" /><a href="#02-07-2013"><hr><h2><b>July 2, 2013</b></h2></a> 1322 <blockquote><p>"Time is an illusion. Lunchtime doubly so." "Very deep. You 1323 should send that in to the Reader's Digest. They've got a page for people 1324 like you." - 1325 The Hitchhiker's Guide to the Galaxy.</p></blockquote> 1326 1327 <p><a href=downloads/toybox-0.4.5.tar.bz2>Toybox 0.4.5</a> is based on 1328 <a href=http://landley.net/hg/toybox/shortlog/941>commit 941</a>. It adds 1329 uuencode and uudecode from Erich Plondke, and enables Luis Morales' "who" by 1330 default. Felix Janda and I cleaned up last year's "stat" submission and 1331 enabled it. Ivo van Poorten added "groups". 1332 Andre Renaud added "lsusb". I implemented "split", "pivot_root", and "mv". 1333 </p> 1334 1335 <p>The "help" command is implemented differently now (lib/help.c) and 1336 each command can now understand --help (including both "toybox --help" 1337 and "toybox --help command" in the multiplexer).</p> 1338 1339 <p>The "pending" directory has several commands (find, xzcat, nbd-client, 1340 logger, expr) which work but are not enabled by default pending further cleanup. 1341 Ifconfig is enabled, but still in pending because it's only 2/3 cleaned up. 1342 (It's an awkward halfway state but I'm not holding up the release for it.)</p> 1343 1344 <p>I'm <a href=cleanup.html>documenting the cleanups</a> to teach 1345 more people to do it, but the writeups aren't caught up yet. The 1346 <a href=roadmap.html>roadmap</a> also got updated a bit with further analysis 1347 of other projects, and the README and about pages got updated.</p> 1348 1349 <p>Fixed _another_ "ls -C" segfault when terminal size can't be detected, 1350 condensed the ls help text to fit on one page, implented --color, and taught 1351 -l to print the major, minor numbers when showing block/char devices. 1352 Argument parsing now handles "--" properly (to end option checking), 1353 and the infrastructure can now handle bare --longopts that have no 1354 corresponding short option (both were implemented before but didn't work). 1355 Fixed an old bug in "patch", chmod grew -f, who grew -a. Isaac Dunham 1356 fixed "-" vs "_" handling in modinfo, added a "firmware" output 1357 field, added -b and -k support, and taught it that the ".ko" extension means 1358 to look for the file at the specified path instead of under /lib. Felix Janda 1359 moved file permission display code to lib so ls and 1360 stat could share it. Ashwini Sharma spotted a bug in xabspath when the 1361 last path component exists but we haven't got permissions to open it 1362 (ala readlink -f /dev/sda as a normal user). 1363 </p> 1364 1365 <p>In the build infrastructure, scripts/findglobals.sh finds leaked global 1366 variables. (Leaked means they aren't part of the global union: Other than glibc 1367 debris, toybox should define "this", "toy_list", "toybuf", and "toys", and 1368 that's it; the rest add memory footprint to every command for the benefit of 1369 just one command; use GLOBALS() to stick 'em in the union.) Static linking 1370 against libraries other than the host's libc now applies to feature probes 1371 for unshare and such. Neuter stupid internationalization support that makes 1372 various host "sort" commands put things in an order other than alphabetical 1373 (breaking the multiplexer's binary search on command names). 1374 1375 <p>You should now be able to build from a source control snapshot on a build 1376 system that hasn't got python: if you disable CONFIG_TOYBOX_HELP. (The 1377 release tarballs ship generated/help.h, but it's not in source control. 1378 Eventually I should rewrite that python script in C.)</p> 1379 </p> 1380 1381 <p><b>LICENSE TWEAK</b>: After <a href=http://lists.landley.net/pipermail/toybox-landley.net/2013-March/000794.html>discussion</a> on the mailing list the "2 clause 1382 BSD" <a href=license.html>license</a> got slightly simplified so the first 1383 paragraph now says:</p> 1384 1385 <blockquote><p>Permission to use, copy, modify, and/or distribute this 1386 software for any purpose with or without fee is hereby granted.</p></blockquote> 1387 1388 <p>It used to continue "provided that the above copyright notice and this 1389 permission notice appear in all copies", but A) what's the point? B) does "all 1390 copies" mean binaries, or just source code, or what? C) lots of projects 1391 that consider BSD and GPL compatible have <a href=https://git.kernel.org/cgit/linux/kernel/git/torvalds/linux.git/tree/crypto/aes_generic.c>files with 1392 both license notices</a> on them (sometimes at <a href=http://git.busybox.net/busybox/tree/shell/ash.c>opposite ends of the file</a> to make the conflict 1393 less obvious) because "all copies must include this function" would violate 1394 the GPL but "all copies must include this magic text blob" somehow don't?</p> 1395 1396 <p>I don't want to have to care about this anymore. The tweaked version is more 1397 or less public domain with a liability disclaimer, but we're still calling it 1398 BSD (sometimes "0 clause BSD") to avoid explaining.</p> 1399 1400 <a name="21-03-2013" /><a href="#21-03-2013"><hr><h2><b>March 21, 2013</b></h2></a> 1401 <p>Video of my ELC talk 1402 "<a href=http://youtu.be/SGmtP5Lg_t0>Why is Toybox?</a>" 1403 is up on youtube. Related materials include the 1404 <a href=http://landley.net/talks/celf-2013.txt>talk outline</a> and an 1405 <a href=/aboriginal/about.html#selfhost>android self-hosting writeup</a>.</p> 1406 1407 <p>[Updated June 4] The following links jump to specific topics in the video. (Sorry about 1408 the ads, it's The Linux Foundation.)</p> 1409 1410 <ul> 1411 <li>0m29s <a href=http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=SGmtP5Lg_t0#t=0m29s>The smartphone is replacing the PC</a></li> 1412 <ul> 1413 <li>4m22s <a href=http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=SGmtP5Lg_t0#t=4m22s>Software needed to become self-hosting</a></li> 1414 <li>6m20s <a href=http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=SGmtP5Lg_t0#t=6m20s>Do we care if android or iphone wins?</a></li> 1415 </ul> 1416 <li>9m45s <a href=http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=SGmtP5Lg_t0#t=9m45s>Android not vanilla: oppose or accept?</a></li> 1417 <ul> 1418 <li>11m30s <a href=http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=SGmtP5Lg_t0#t=11m30s>Open source can't do User Interfaces</a></li> 1419 </ul> 1420 <li>15m09s <a href=http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=SGmtP5Lg_t0#t=15m09s>Android is not copyleft: oppose or accept?</a></li> 1421 <li>18m23s <a href=http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=SGmtP5Lg_t0#t=18m23s>Security issues</a></li> 1422 <li>21m15s <a href=http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=SGmtP5Lg_t0#t=21m15s>Solutions to the software problems</a></li> 1423 <ul> 1424 <li>22m55s <a href=http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=SGmtP5Lg_t0#t=22m55s>What toybox needs to be/do</a></li> 1425 <li>28m17s <a href=http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=SGmtP5Lg_t0#t=28m17s>What is toybox?</a></li> 1426 <ul> 1427 <li>28m58s <a href=http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=SGmtP5Lg_t0#t=28m58s>Why toybox started...</a></li> 1428 <li>37m50s <a href=http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=SGmtP5Lg_t0#t=37m50s>What does toybox actually implement?</a></li> 1429 </ul> 1430 </ul> 1431 </ul> 1432 </span> 1433 1434 1435 <a name="14-03-2013" /><a href="#14-03-2013"><hr><h2><b>March 14, 2013</b></h2></a> 1436 <blockquote><p>"Ford, you're turning into a penguin. Stop it." - 1437 The Hitchhiker's Guide to the Galaxy.</p></blockquote> 1438 1439 <p><a href=downloads/toybox-0.4.4.tar.bz2>Toybox 0.4.4</a> is based on 1440 <a href=http://landley.net/hg/toybox/shortlog/813>commit 813</a>, adding 1441 the "time" and "readahead" commands, plus some bugfixes.</p> 1442 1443 <p>The "cp" command now implements the -s symlink option, plus bugfixes 1444 getting various corner cases right as used in actual package builds. 1445 "id -Gn root" should now print root's groups 1446 instead of the current user's. Several build fixes so toybox builds under 1447 Ubuntu 8.04 again (which is about as old a build environment as you 1448 can expect to find posix-2008 features in).</p> 1449 1450 <p>Unfinished commands have generally been moved to "toys/pending". 1451 Everything else should "default y" to participate in make defconfig. 1452 Several of those pending commands got some basic cleanup so allyesconfig 1453 should at least compile (although defconfig is still what's useful).</p> 1454 1455 <p>Significant roadmap updates, checking several other multicall binaries 1456 (klibc, sash, sbase, s6...) to see what commands they include.</p> 1457 1458 <a name="18-01-2013" /><a href="#18-01-2013"><hr><h2><b>January 18, 2013</b></h2></a> 1459 <blockquote><p>This must be Thursday. I never could get the hang of Thursdays. - The Hitchhiker's Guide to the Galaxy.</p></blockquote> 1460 1461 <p><a href=downloads/toybox-0.4.3.tar.bz2>Toybox 0.4.3</a> is based on 1462 <a href=http://landley.net/hg/toybox/shortlog/793>commit 793</a>. There 1463 are now exactly 100 commands in defconfig (of a little over 220 on the 1464 <a href=roadmap.html>todo list</a>).</p> 1465 1466 <p>Elie De Brauwer added the rev command, cleaned up tac, implemented the -s 1467 and -f flags for seq, added -v and -i to killall (and fixed killall not to 1468 kill itself before finishing its pid list), and added to the test suite. 1469 Felix Janda added -m to mkdir, pwd -L and -P, and more test suite entries.</p> 1470 1471 <p>Rob Landley added the losetup command, and fixed the existing ls, cp, and 1472 readlink commands. The segfault in ls 1473 happened when it couldn't determine the screen size (last release changed the 1474 default to -C and a screen size of 0 made column view unhappy), and cp got an 1475 extensive rewrite bringing it up to date with the dirtree changes and fixing 1476 a number of things it never did right in the first place. The xabspath() 1477 code in the library now handles a symlink after ".." properly (and the test 1478 suite checks for it).</p> 1479 1480 <p>Infrastructure-wise the code is better about automatically setting the 1481 error return code properly. Now error_msg() sets the exit code to 1 if it's 1482 still defaulting to 0, and the global exit path does a fflush(NULL) with error 1483 bit check rather than trying to be quite so granular about flushing. (That 1484 means if we use printf() instead of xprintf() it still exits with the right 1485 error code, it just doesn't end the program early on an output error.) 1486 Minor bugfix so TOYBOX_DEBUG 1487 doesn't always warn about the lack of suid bit when toybox is built with 1488 at least one STAYROOT command. Bugfix for the option [grouping] logic 1489 (and then further fixes to the error reporting pointed out by Ashwini Sharma). 1490 dirtree_handle_callback() now has a prefix like the rest of the dirtree 1491 functions. A lot of stuff doing manual path handling was switched to using 1492 libc basename() (including, embarassingly, the basename command), which means 1493 it now correctly detects "/trailing/slash/" which the previous code didn't.</p> 1494 1495 <p>Also, last release included some accidentally checked in debug code that 1496 disabled compiler optimization, so the binary size bloated a bit. It's back 1497 to -Os by default now.</p> 1498 1499 <a name="15-12-2012" /><a href="#15-12-2012"><hr><h2><b>December 15, 2012</b></h2></a> 1500 <blockquote><p>"The major difference between a thing that might go wrong and a 1501 thing that cannot possibly go wrong is that when a thing that cannot possibly 1502 go wrong goes wrong it usually turns out to be impossible to get at or repair." 1503 </p><p>- The Hitchhiker's Guide to the Galaxy.</p></blockquote> 1504 1505 <p><a href=downloads/toybox-0.4.2.tar.bz2>Toybox 0.4.2</a> is based on 1506 <a href=http://landley.net/hg/toybox/shortlog/749>commit 749</a> and is 1507 just a resync. Linux 3.7 came out, meaning it's time to do an Aboriginal 1508 Linux release, and that should use a stable version of toybox. So here's 1509 a new stable version.</p> 1510 1511 <p>The new commands are cut (from Jason Kyungwan Han), touch 1512 (from Choubey Ji), expand (from Jonathan Clairembault, and he fixed a 1513 bug in login), and rm (from Rob Landley). Felix Janda added UTF-8 1514 support infrastructure (for non-ascii character sets) with a config option. 1515 Elie De Brauwer added tests for cat and sha1sum, and -so options to pidof. 1516 The "ls" command defaults to -C (column view) now, and "readlink" now supports 1517 -fenq.</p> 1518 1519 <p>Portability work: toybox should now build against the musl C library, 1520 and against older glibc versions (circa 2008, much before that and kernel 1521 features we depend on start to drop out).</p> 1522 1523 <p>The whole codebase got reindented from "one tab" to "two spaces" per 1524 level. The option parsing logic now understands [groups] of commands (when more 1525 than one in a group is selected it can switch the others off, or error out, 1526 or other things). The error_exit() infrastructure can now longjmp back to an 1527 earlier point instead of exiting. Each toys/* directory now has a README, 1528 the first line of which is the fancy name menuconfig uses for the directory 1529 (so no more hardwired directory list in scripts/genconfig.sh).</p> 1530 1531 <p>Fixed a filehandle leak in getmountlist(). 1532 Pass parent pointer to dirtree_add_node() so it can give error messages with 1533 full path. The yesno() function now always reads from stdin and writes to 1534 stderr (we can retry tty checking complexity once we've got commands needing 1535 it).</p> 1536 1537 <p>The open group broke their website so the 1538 <a href=http://opengroup.org/onlinepubs/9699919799>old links</a> to POSIX 2008 1539 now <a href=http://pubs.opengroup.org/onlinepubs/9699919799>need to start with 1540 pubs</a>. Some of the links in the tree have been updated, others haven't while 1541 I wait to see if their webmaster notices and fixes it.</p> 1542 1543 <p>(I note that the current rm implementation is not technically posix compliant 1544 because the standard requires infinite recursion depth and the current 1545 implementation uses one filehandle per level. I can add a config option 1546 to do it Posix's way, which is more brittle and needs extra security checks, 1547 but am waiting for somebody to complain first. The default "ulimit -n" is 1024 1548 filehandles, so drilling down over 1000 nested subdirectories).</p> 1549 1550 <a name="13-11-2012" /><a href="#13-11-2012"><hr><h2><b>November 13, 2012</b></h2></a> 1551 <blockquote><p>"Rule Six: The winning team shall be the first team that wins." 1552 - The Hitchhiker's Guide to the Galaxy.</p></blockquote> 1553 1554 <p><a href=downloads/toybox-0.4.1.tar.bz2>Toybox 0.4.1</a> is based on 1555 <a href=http://landley.net/hg/toybox/shortlog/691>commit 691</a>.</p> 1556 1557 <p>Elie De Brauwer contributed usleep, Ashwini Kumar contributed du, and 1558 Kyungwan Han contributed vconfig. Other new commands include switch_root and 1559 md5sum, and the remaining shell wrappers are now proper commands (dos2unix, 1560 unix2dos).</p> 1561 1562 <p>The patch command now supports -l, and gethostname is now enabled by 1563 default. The df command follows symlinks to get the actual device name. 1564 Felix Janda added -m support to wc (for utf8).</p> 1565 1566 <p>On the infrastructure side, the commands have now been grouped into 1567 "posix", "lsb", and "other" subdirectories (for things required by Posix-2008, 1568 the Linux Standard Base 4.1, and commands in neither). This affects menuconfig 1569 and the actual source layout (toys/cp.c is now toys/posix/cp.c, and so on). 1570 An android directory is planned (see the updated 1571 <a href=roadmap.html#android>android roadmap analysis</a>).</p> 1572 1573 <p>The FLAG_ macros for command option parsing and TT alias for the command's 1574 global block are now automatically generated, commands should 1575 #define FOR_commandname before #including <toys.h> to get the macros for that 1576 command.</p> 1577 1578 <p>An upgrade to the build infrastructure now allows commands with _ and - 1579 in them, such as switch_root.</p> 1580 1581 <p>Bugfixes: Avery Pennarun spotted a case where ls showed uid twice instead of 1582 uid and gid, and that nice was using the wrong range of numbers. 1583 The ls command also recursed inappropriately last time (not quite 1584 properly converted for the dirtree changes last release), and now it's 1585 fixed. Roy Tam pointed out a glitch in sh, and fixed df's percentage 1586 calculation to match the POSIX spec. The kernel build didn't like our mktemp 1587 and it does now. The wc command wasn't quite posix compliant (trailing spaces 1588 break stuff). The ls command recursed inappropriately last time (not quite 1589 properly converted for the dirtree changes last release), and now it's 1590 fixed. The catv command wasn't displaying byte 255 correctly. Some lib 1591 fixes (thinko in xpidfile). Fixed uname -m when running a 32 bit x86 binary 1592 on an x86-64 host (it lies and says the system is i686, i586, or i486 depending 1593 on what the toolchain that built the binary supported. This makes builds in 1594 a 32 bit chroot on a 64 bit kernel break less.) The df command was checking 1595 partitions in the wrong order (displaying undermounts instead of overmounts: 1596 this used to work but some library code changed out from under it and it 1597 wasn't updated to match until now). Felix Janda filled out the test suite 1598 some more. The patch file creation logic got tweaked several times to 1599 successfully apply more patches. Support for older (pre 2.10) glibc 1600 versions was added to portability.h.</p> 1601 1602 <p>Miscelaneous cleanups all around (mknod, sha1sum, logname), including a 1603 rewrite of taskset to be less dependent on libc getting the headers right. All 1604 the command headers should now point to the current relevant standards 1605 document, where applicable.</p> 1606 1607 <p>This news page had old news entries from before the relaunch moved into 1608 a separate <a href=oldnews.html>oldnews</a> page.</p> 1609 1610 <p>I forgot to create <a href=bin>static binaries</a> last time, but they're 1611 back now.</p> 1612 </span> 1613 1614 <a name="23-07-2012" /><a href="#23-07-2012"><hr><h2><b>July 23, 2012</b></h2></a> 1615 <blockquote><p>"Ford", Arthur said. "There's an infinite number of monkeys 1616 out here who want to talk to us about this script for Hamlet they've worked 1617 out." - The Hitchhiker's Guide to the Galaxy.</p></blockquote> 1618 1619 <p><a href=downloads/toybox-0.4.0.tar.bz2>Toybox 0.4.0</a> is based on 1620 <a href=http://landley.net/hg/toybox/shortlog/640>commit 640</a>.</p> 1621 1622 <p>The new <a href=status.html>status page</a> is calculated from 1623 the roadmap info, and should be easier to keep up to date in future.</p> 1624 1625 <p>Andre Renaud contributed od and modinfo. Elie De Brauwer contributed 1626 taskset, bugfixes to cmp and tail, and tests for sort and tail. Kyungwan Han 1627 contributed passwd. Gaurang Shastri contributed w. Ashwini Sharma spotted a 1628 case where dirtree was adding extra slashes to a path.</p> 1629 1630 <p>I rewrote od, cleaned up comm, documented the 1631 <a href=code.html#lib_llist>llist</a> and 1632 <a href=code.html#lib_dirtree>dirtree</a> infrastructure, added an -r option 1633 to date (and fixed a bug where -u wouldn't override /etc/localtime), 1634 fixed bugs in chmod +stw, fixed ls to show suid bits properly when the 1635 corresponding executable bit wasn't set, and worked around a longstanding 1636 glibc bug where static linking prevents stdout from automatically flushing 1637 pending output on exit.</p> 1638 1639 <a name="25-06-2012" /><a href="#25-06-2012"><hr><h2><b>June 25, 2012</b></h2></a> 1640 <blockquote><p>"For a moment, nothing happened. Then, after a second or so, nothing continued to happen." - The Hitchhiker's Guide to the Galaxy.</p></blockquote> 1641 1642 <p><a href=downloads/toybox-0.3.1.tar.bz2>Toybox 0.3.1</a> is based on commit 1643 <a href=http://landley.net/hg/toybox/shortlog/607>commit 607</a>. It's 1644 mostly a bugfix release for ls -l (which was unhappy on targets other than 1645 x86-64), plus a new "date" from Andre Renaud and rewritten chgrp/chown which 1646 now support the full set of posix flags, plus a little work on the test 1647 suite and some more header tweaks towards eventual compatability with the 1648 musl libc.</p> 1649 1650 <p>The todo list runneth over, but "release early, release often", so here 1651 it is. The roadmap and documentation are a bit behind, and I've got ~40 1652 pending submissions to review. I need to catch up...</p> 1653 </span> 1654 1655 <a name="12-06-2012" /><a href="#12-06-2012"><hr><h2><b>June 12, 2012</b></h2></a> 1656 <blockquote><p>"For instance, on the planet Earth, man had always assumed that 1657 he was more intelligent than dolphins because he had achieved so much - the 1658 wheel, New York, wars and so on - whilst all the dolphins had ever done was 1659 muck about in the water having a good time. But conversely, the dolphins had 1660 always believed that they were far more intelligent than man - for precisely 1661 the same reasons." - The Hitchhiker's Guide to the Galaxy.</p></blockquote> 1662 1663 <p>It's well past time for <a href=downloads/toybox-0.3.0.tar.bz2>toybox 0.3.0</a>, 1664 so here it is, based 1665 on <a href=http://landley.net/hg/toybox/shortlog/595>commit 595</a>, and the 1666 statically linked <a href=downloads/binaries>prebuilt binaries</a> should 1667 actually be statically linked this time (thanks Ashwini Sharma for spotting 1668 that).</p> 1669 1670 <p>It's hard to figure out where to cut a release, because development 1671 doesn't stop. "Long before now" is the obviuos answer, of course. 1672 The project's maintainer also moved house during this development cycle, which 1673 threw things off for a bit (so many boxes). Releases should hopefully be a bit 1674 more frequent from here on.</p> 1675 1676 <p>The big things Rob worked on this time were the new dirtree (directory 1677 tree traversal) infrastructure, and a complete rewrite of ls using that 1678 which should now implement all 26 posix options.</p> 1679 1680 <p>Georgi Chorbadzhiyski added printenv, whoami, mkdir, mkfifo, chmod, chown, 1681 chgrp, and uniq. He also added fraction and extension support to sleep (so if 1682 you need a quarter-second sleep, it can do that now), and fixed a build bug 1683 on slackware.</p> 1684 1685 <p>Daniel Walter contributed a string to mode_t parser (in use by chmod and 1686 mkdir -m). Ilya Kuzmich contributed comm. Elie De Brauwer added mountpoint, 1687 vmstat, logname, login, and mktemp. Kevin Chase did some portability cleanups. 1688 Pere Orga fixed some documentation.</p> 1689 1690 <p>The "tac" and "clear" commands are now normal commands instead of shell 1691 wrappers, and the header #includes have been cleaned up a bit to remove 1692 deprecated functions and attempt to increase compatability with the bionic and 1693 musl C libraries, "tail" should now use lseek() for large files, and "id" got 1694 some cleanups and bugfixes.</p> 1695 1696 <p>The new TOYBOX_FLOAT configuration option selects whether or not 1697 to include floating point support (for embedded targets where that's 1698 problematic).</p> 1699 1700 <p>Several random bugfixes: unshare() might actually build portably now, 1701 yes 'n' | cp -i should no longer bypass stdin and prompt via the tty, the 1702 SUID support no longer drops permissions going through the toybox 1703 multiplexer command, and a bugfix to xargs -0 means it should no longer 1704 segfault. (I have a pending bug report about xargs not doing the full 1705 posix whitespace handling that -0 obsoleted, but I'll deal with that next 1706 release.)</p> 1707 1708 <p>The build infrastructure is now automatically generating FLAG_ macros 1709 for the options, but currently with the wrong names. Some more macro glue 1710 is necessary, which I haven't quite figured out how to do yet.</p> 1711 1712 <p>A defconfig toybox at the start of the $PATH has successfully built 1713 Linux From Scratch (in my Aboriginal Linux project). The commands that 1714 'default n' in the config are often still broken, cleanup is ongoing. 1715 (The new dirtree stuff broke several of them that haven't been converted 1716 yet, but if I wait until everything works we won't have a release before 1717 1.0, so here's a checkpoint.)</p> 1718 1719 1720 <a name="03-03-2012" /><a href="#03-03-2012"><hr><h2><b>March 3, 2012</b></h2></a> 1721 1722 <blockquote><p>"They went unnoticed at Goonhilly, passed over Cape Canaveral 1723 without a blip, and Woomera and Jodrell Bank looked straight through them. 1724 Which was a pity, because it was exactly the sort of thing they'd been looking 1725 for all these years."</p></p>- The Hitchhiker's Guide to the Galaxy.</p> 1726 </p></blockquote> 1727 1728 <p>Here's <a href=downloads/toybox-0.2.1.tar.bz2>toybox 0.2.1</a> based 1729 on <a href=http://landley.net/hg/toybox/shortlog/512>commit 512</a>. This 1730 time around, there are statically linked <a href=downloads/binaries>prebuilt 1731 binaries</a> for various embedded targets.</p> 1732 1733 <p>It's been a busy few weeks, almost entirely due to new contributors. (I 1734 have not quite been keeping up.)</p> 1735 1736 <p>Elie De Brauwer contributed free, uptime, swapon, swapoff, lsmod, mknod, 1737 insmod, rmmod, and fixed a bug in basename. Andre Renaud contributed ls, ln, 1738 realpath, and hostname. Andres Heck contributed pidof and killall. Daniel 1739 Walter wrote kill and extended id. Timothy Elliott contributed tail and tests 1740 for cmp. Frank Bergmann sent a warning fix. Bryce Fricke added -i to cp. 1741 Nathan McSween pointed out an optimization. Georgi Chorbadzhiyski fixed 1742 cross compiling to work more reliably.</p> 1743 1744 <p>(My own contribution this time around was just tightening up other people's 1745 code, a build fix to unshare, some random bugfixes, and so on. My only new 1746 code this time around was writing a bash replacement for the existing python 1747 bloat-o-meter.)</p> 1748 1749 <p>Last time (the 0.2.0 release) included the first pass at an id command from 1750 Tim Bird, env and basename from Tryn Mirell, cmp and head from Timothy Elliott, 1751 more bugfixes from Nathan McSween and Elie De Brauwer, and Luis Felipe Strano 1752 Moraes did a first pass at the who command plus other bugfixes and 1753 optimizations.</p> 1754 1755 <p>(For that release I did xargs, cal, truncate, unlink, nohup, tty, wc, link, 1756 dirname, unshare, and various infrastructure tweaks, but it took me 3 months 1757 and those guys did their stuff in a week or so.)</p> 1758 1759 1760 <a name="12-02-2012" /><a href="#12-02-2012"><hr><h2><b>February 12, 2012</b></h2></a> 1761 <blockquote><p> 1762 "for though it has many omissions and contains much that is apocryphal, or at 1763 least wildly inaccurate, it scores over the older, more pedestrian work in two 1764 important respects..."</p> 1765 <p> - The Hitchhiker's Guide to the Galaxy</p></blockquote> 1766 1767 <p>Here's the first BSD licensed release, 1768 <a href=downloads/toybox-0.2.0.tar.bz2>toybox-0.2.0</a>, more a synchronization 1769 point than anything particularly useful. 47 commands in a reasonably 1770 ready-to-use state (what "make defconfig" builds), another ten or so partially 1771 finished stubs ("make allyesconfig"), and several 1772 patches pending on the mailing list I need to review and merge.</p> 1773 1774 <p>More to come...</p> 1775 1776 <hr> 1777 <a name="15-11-2011" /><a href="#15-11-2011"><hr><h2><b>November 15, 2011</b></h2></a> 1778 - Back from the dead, Toybox is now under a 2 1779 clause BSD license, and aiming to become the default command line 1780 implementation of Android systems everywhere.</p> 1781 1782 <p>More to come...</p> 1783 1784 <hr> 1785 1786 <p><a href=oldnews.html>Old news</a> from before the relaunch.</p> 1787 1788 <!--#include file="footer.html" --> 1789
