versions/nougat/android-7.0.jd

page.title=Android N for Developers
meta.tags="preview", "androidn"
page.tags="preview", "developer preview"
page.image=images/cards/card-n-apis_2x.png
@jd:body


<div id="tb-wrapper">
<div id="tb">
  <h2>  </h2>
  <ol>
      <ul style="list-style-type:none;">
        <li><a href="#multi-window_support">  </a></li>
        <li><a href="#notification_enhancements"></a></li>
        <li><a href="#jit_aot">JIT/AOT </a></li>
        <li><a href="#quick_path_to_app_install">    </a></li>
        <li><a href="#doze_on_the_go">   </a></li>
        <li><a href="#background_optimizations"> </a></li>
        <li><a href="#data_saver">Data Saver</a></li>
        <li><a href="#vulkan">Vulkan API</a></li>
        <li><a href="#tile_api">Quick Settings  API</a></li>
        <li><a href="#number-blocking"> </a></li>
        <li><a href="#call_screening"> </a></li>
        <li><a href="#multi-locale_languages">  </a></li>
        <li><a href="#emoji"> </a></li>
        <li><a href="#icu4">Android ICU4J API</a></li>
        <li><a href="#gles_32">OpenGL ES 3.2 API</a></li>
        <li><a href="#android_tv_recording">Android TV </a></li>
        <li><a href="#android_for_work">Android for Work</a></li>
        <li><a href="#accessibility_enhancements"></a></li>
        <li><a href="#direct_boot"> </a></li>
        <li><a href="#key_attestation">Key Attestation</a></li>
        <li><a href="#network_security_config">  </a></li>
        <li><a href="#default_trusted_ca">    CA</a></li>
        <li><a href="#apk_signature_v2">APK Signature Scheme v2</a></li>
        <li><a href="#scoped_directory_access">   </a></li>
        <li><a href="#keyboard_shortcuts_helper">Keyboard Shortcuts Helper</a></li>
        <li><a href="#sustained_performance_api">  API</a></li>
        <li><a href="#vr">VR </a></li>
        <li><a href="#print_svc">   </a></li>
        <li><a href="#virtual_files"> </a></li>
        <li><a href="#framemetrics_api">FrameMetricsListener API</a></li>
      </ol>
</div>
</div>


<p>Android N    , N Developer Preview
  Android N     .
       . </p>

<p>

  <a href="{@docRoot}preview/behavior-changes.html">  </a> ,
        ,  API
  <a href="{@docRoot}preview/setup-sdk.html#docs-dl">API </a> .
</p>

<h2 id="multi-window_support">  </h2>


<p>Android N
      . </p>

  <p>         . </p>
  <ul>
  <li>Android N

     .
  . </li>

<li>Android TV ,  <a href="{@docRoot}preview/features/picture-in-picture.html">PIP(Picture-In-Picture)
</a>   ,
         .</li>
  </ul>

<div class="col-4of10">
<img src="{@docRoot}images/android-7.0/mw-portrait.png" alt="" style="height:460px;padding-left:1em;" id="img-split-screen" />
<p class="img-caption">
  <strong> 1.</strong>     .
</p>

  </div>

<p>
       . ,

 ,    . </p>

<p>
   .  ,

  . ,
        .</p>

<p>
    <a href="{@docRoot}preview/features/multi-window.html">  </a>
   .
</p>

<h2 id="notification_enhancements"> </h2>

<p>Android N
 .      .</p>

<ul>
  <li>
    <strong> </strong>:
      .
       .
  </li>

  <li>
    <strong>   </strong>: <code>MessageStyle</code>

   . ,  ,
   .
  </li>

  <li>
    <strong> </strong>:
 (:   )     .
            . Android
 Wear
 .
  </li>

  <li>
    <strong> </strong>:     Android
   ,
   SMS       .
  </li>

  <li>
    <strong>  </strong>:    API
      (:    )
   .
  </li>
</ul>

<div class="col-4of12">
  <img src="{@docRoot}images/android-7.0/notifications-1.png" alt="" style="padding:.5em;max-width:226px">
</div>

<div class="col-4of12">
  <img src="{@docRoot}images/android-7.0/notifications-3.png" alt="" style="padding:.5em;max-width:226px">
</div>

<div class="col-4of12">
  <img src="{@docRoot}images/android-7.0/notifications-2.png" alt="" style="padding:.5em;max-width:226px">
</div>


<p class="img-caption">
  <strong> 2.</strong>     .
</p>

<p>
 <a href="{@docRoot}preview/features/notification-updates.html"></a>
 .</p>


<h2 id="jit_aot">   JIT/AOT </h2>

<p>Android N
JIT(Just in Time)  ART .   ART Android
     . JIT  ART  AOT(Ahead of Time)
  ,   ,
    .</p>

<p>     ART
    AOT/JIT    .  , ART

  .
     .</p>

<p>
       ,
     RAM     .       .</p>

<p>ART
    . ART         ,
      .</p>

<h2 id="quick_path_to_app_install">    </h2>

<p>ART JIT
       . Android 6.0

. ,          . </p>

<h2 id="doze_on_the_go">   ...</h2>

<p>Android 6.0
       CPU
     . </p>

<p> Android N
 .
      CPU     .
,
  .</p>


<img src="/preview/images/doze-diagram-1.png" alt="" id="figure1" />
<p class="img-caption">
  <strong> 3.</strong>
      .
</p>


<p>
       .

 / .
.</p>

<p>
  ,   {@link
android.os.PowerManager.WakeLock}, {@link android.app.AlarmManager}
GPS/Wi-Fi    CPU    .</p>

<p>
  .
      .     <a href="{@docRoot}training/monitoring-device-state/doze-standby.html#assessing_your_app">
</a> .</p>

<h2 id="background_optimizations">Project Svelte:  </h2>

<p>Project Svelte    Android
  RAM     . Android N Project
Svelte         . </p>

<p>     .
          ,
    RAM
      . </p>

<p>Android 5.0 ,

  {@link android.app.job.JobScheduler}.  ,
   . JobScheduler
,      . </p>

<p>
       <a href="https://developers.google.com/android/reference/com/google/android/gms/gcm/GcmNetworkManager">
<code>GCMNetworkManager</code></a>.  Google Play
  ,  Android
     .
</p>

<p>Google       <code>JobScheduler</code>
<code>GCMNetworkManager</code>
 .  ,  Android N
     .  , Google

     .</p>

<p>Android N
 {@link android.net.ConnectivityManager#CONNECTIVITY_ACTION}, {@link
 android.hardware.Camera#ACTION_NEW_PICTURE}  {@link
 android.hardware.Camera#ACTION_NEW_VIDEO}
 .               .
  , N Developer Preview
   <code>JobScheduler</code>   API . </p>

<p>
    <a href="{@docRoot}preview/features/background-optimization.html">
 </a>  .
</p>


<h2 id="data_saver">Data Saver</h2>

<div class="col-5of12" style="margin-right:1.5em;">
<img src="{@docRoot}images/android-7.0/datasaver.png" style="border:2px solid #ddd">

<p class="img-caption" style="padding-right:2em;">
  <strong> 4.</strong> Settings Data Saver.
</p>
  </div>

<p>    ,
     .
    . </p>

<p>Android N    Data Saver
 , Data Saver
             . Data Saver
      , Data Saver
  . </p>

<p> <strong>Settings</strong> Data Saver
      ,
  ,

          .  Data Saver
      .</p>

<p>Android N {@link android.net.ConnectivityManager}  <a href="{@docRoot}preview/features/data-saver.html#status">
Data Saver   </a> <a href="{@docRoot}preview/features/data-saver.html#monitor-changes">
  </a>
 .    Data Saver
       .</p>


<h2 id="vulkan">Vulkan API</h2>

<p>
  Android N  3D  API <a href="http://www.khronos.org/vulkan" class="external-link">Vulkan</a>  .
<a href="https://www.khronos.org/opengles/" class="external-link">OpenGL
 ES</a> , Vulkan Khronos Group   3D
  .
</p>

<p>
  Vulkan   CPU   ,
  GPU       . , Vulkan

       .
</p>

<p>
  Vulkan    Android NDK ,
  .
</p>

<ul>
  <li>
  </li>

  <li>  ( )
  </li>

  <li>SPIR-V
  </li>

  <li>SPIR-V
  </li>
</ul>

<p>
  Vulkan Nexus 5X, Nexus 6P  Nexus Player  Vulkan
    . Google
   Vulkan         .
</p>

<p>
    <a href="{@docRoot}ndk/guides/graphics/index.html">API </a> .
</p>

<h2 id="tile_api">Quick Settings  API</h2>


<div style="float:right;max-width:320px">
<img src="{@docRoot}images/android-7.0/quicksettings.png" style="padding-left:1.5em;">

<p class="img-caption" style="padding-left:2em;">
  <strong> 5.</strong>   Quick Settings .
</p>


  </div><p>Quick Settings
    .
  Android N Quick Settings   . </p>

<p>Google Quick Settings     ,
            . ,  Quick Settings
      .
    . </p>

<p>, Android N    API
    Quick Settings    ,          .</p>

<p>

   ,
  .
</p>

<p>
          ,
       Quick Settings   .
</p>

<p>

  <a href="{@docRoot}preview/setup-sdk.html#docs-dl">API </a> <code>android.service.quicksettings.Tile</code>   .
</p>


<h2 id="number-blocking"> </h2>

<p> Android N    ,
          API .
SMS ,
     .       .</p>

<p>Android      ,

.        .</p>

<ul>
  <li>     .
  <li>
   .
  <li>         .
</ul>

<p> Android
         ,

 (: VOIP    )       .</p>

<p>

   <a href="{@docRoot}preview/setup-sdk.html#docs-dl">API
 </a> <code>android.provider.BlockedNumberContract</code> .
</p>

<h2 id="call_screening"> </h2>

<p>
  Android N       .
   <code>CallScreeningService</code> ,
  {@link android.telecom.Call.Details Call.Details}
      .
</p>

<ul>
  <li>
  <li>
  <li>
</ul>

<p>

   <a href="{@docRoot}preview/setup-sdk.html#docs-dl">API
 </a> <code>android.telecom.CallScreeningService</code> .
</p>


<h2 id="multi-locale_languages">  ,     </h2>


<p>
Android N  Settings <strong> </strong>   .
API
,

   .</p>

<p>    Android N
      . , , ,
       25   , 100
 .</p>

<p>
<code>LocaleList.GetDefault()</code>        .        Android N
  .
     .</p>

<p>
, <a href="{@docRoot}preview/features/multilingual-support.html"> </a> .</p>


<h2 id="emoji"> </h2>

<p>
  Android N

  .
           .
</p>

<ul>
  <li>
    <strong>          .</strong>

  {@link android.graphics.Paint#hasGlyph(String)}  .
  </li>
  <li>
    <strong>     .</strong>

    .
           .
          .
            .

<a class="external-link" href="http://www.unicode.org/Public/9.0.0/ucd/StandardizedVariants-9.0.0d1.txt">
  </a> <em>   </em>
.
  </li>
  <li>
    <strong>     .</strong> Android N
       .
     ,
 .
   {@link android.graphics.Paint#hasGlyph(String)}
 .
<a class="external-link" href="http://unicode.org/emoji/charts/full-emoji-list.html">
 </a>         .
  </li>
</ul>


<h2 id="icu4">Android ICU4J API</h2>

<p>
   Android N <code>android.icu</code>   Android   <a href="http://site.icu-project.org/">ICU4J</a> API
 .
 ,  <code>com.java.icu</code>
 <code>android.icu</code>   .  ICU4J
    , Android   <code>android.icu</code>
 API  APK     .
</p>

<p>
  Android ICU4J API    <a href="{@docRoot}preview/features/icu4j-framework.html">ICU4J </a> .
</p>


<h2 id="gles_32">OpenGL&trade; ES 3.2 API</h2>

<p>Android N   OpenGL ES 3.2     .</p>

<ul>
  <li> <code>EXT_texture_sRGB_decode</code>  <a class="external-link" href="https://www.khronos.org/registry/gles/extensions/ANDROID/ANDROID_extension_pack_es31a.txt">
Android   </a></a>(AEP)   .
  <li> HDR        .
  <li>      BaseVertex  .
  <li> WebGL      .
</ul>

<p>Android N  OpenGL ES 3.2  API
<code>GLES32</code>  . OpenGL ES 3.2
  <code>&lt;uses-feature&gt;</code>  <code>android:glEsVersion</code>
      . </p>

<p>  OpenGL ES
 , OpenGL ES     <a href="{@docRoot}guide/topics/graphics/opengl.html">OpenGL ES API </a> .</p>


<h2 id="android_tv_recording">Android TV </h2>

<p>Android N   API  Android TV
     .     API   TV
           ,
       . </p>

<p>  <a href="{@docRoot}preview/features/tv-recording-api.html">Android TV Recording API</a> .</p>


<h2 id="android_for_work">Android for Work</h2>

<p>Android for Work Android N
     API .      ,
<a href="{@docRoot}preview/features/afw.html">Android for Work </a> .</p>

<h3 id="work_profile_security_challenge">     </h3>

<p>
  N SDK

      .
.
   .   ,
<code>ACTION_SET_NEW_PASSWORD</code>
        , <code>ACTION_SET_NEW_PARENT_PROFILE_PASSWORD</code>
    .
</p>

<p>
    <code>setPasswordQuality()</code>, <code>setPasswordMinimumLength()</code>


(: PIN              ).
 <code>getParentProfileInstance()</code>    <code>DevicePolicyManager</code>
      .
   ,
 <code>setOrganizationColor()</code>  <code>setOrganizationName()</code>
   .
</p>
<h3 id="turn_off_work">  </h3>

<p>          .
    ,
,     .
.
      .
      . </p>

<h3 id="always_on_vpn">  VPN </h3>

<p>       VPN
   .
  VPN  .</p>

<p>
   <code>DevicePolicyManager</code>
 <code>setAlwaysOnVpnPackage()</code>
 <code>getAlwaysOnVpnPackage()</code>.
</p>

<p>
VPN     , VPN    VPN     .
,  <code>android.net.VpnService</code>
  . </p>

<p>
  , <strong>Settings&gt;More&gt;Vpn</strong>
 <code>VPNService</code>
    VPN     .
</p>

<h3 id="custom_provisioning">  </h3>

<p>

     .
<code>DevicePolicyManager.EXTRA_PROVISIONING_MAIN_COLOR</code>
 , <code>DevicePolicyManager.EXTRA_PROVISIONING_LOGO_URI</code>
    .
</p>

<h2 id="accessibility_enhancements"> </h2>

<p> Android N     Welcome
Vision Settings  .
  ,  ,
   TalkBack           . </p>

<p>      ,
      .
 . Settings &gt;
Accessibility    .</p>

<p>Android N ,
       .   API   ,  ,

   .</p>

<p>
   <a href="{@docRoot}preview/setup-sdk.html#docs-dl">API </a> <code>android.accessibilityservice.GestureDescription</code> .</p>


<h2 id="direct_boot"> </h2>

<p>     ,
      .  ,
      ,
   ,
 . ,
    .</p>

<p>  Android N
       .

     . ,
  ,  ,          . </p>

<p>     ,

.      ,
       .    <code>LOCKED_BOOT_COMPLETED</code>

   .   ,
      .
         . </p>

  <a href="{@docRoot}preview/features/direct-boot.html"> </a> .</p>
</p>


<h2 id="key_attestation">Key Attestation</h2>

<p>    Android
       .
  Linux ,  Android ,
   .</p>

<p>
Android N Key Attestation . Key Attestation
 - RSA  EC
,
      . </p>

<p>  -  X.509

.
   ECDSA  .


.</p>

<p>  Android
 , Key Attestation
 <a class="external-link" href="https://source.android.com/security/verifiedboot/verified-boot.html#bootloader_requirements"></a>   <a class="external-link" href="https://source.android.com/security/trusty/index.html">TEE(Trusted Execution Environment)</a>
 .</p>

<ul>
<li>  OS    </li>
<li><a href="https://source.android.com/security/verifiedboot/index.html" class="external-link"> </a>     </li>
  </ul>

<p>
 <a href="https://source.android.com/security/keystore/" class="external-link">   </a>  .</p>

<p>Key Attestation  Android N
      .</p>

<h2 id="network_security_config">  </h2>

<p>Android N
API(: X509TrustManager)
<em>  </em>  (HTTPS, TLS)
      .</p>

  <p> :</p>
<ul>
<li><b>   .</b>
  (CA)        .  ,
       CA      .
</li>
<li><b>  .</b>

   .
</li>
<li><b>   .</b>
     .</li>
<li><b> .</b>
     .</li>
</ul>

<p>  <a href="{@docRoot}preview/features/security-config.html">  </a>
.</p>

<h2 id="default_trusted_ca">     </h2>

<p>, Android N
      (CA)    . Android N
 CA
<a href="{@docRoot}preview/features/security-config.html">  </a>
 CA     .</p>

<h2 id="apk_signature_v2">APK Signature Scheme v2</h2>

<p>
  Android N
APK
     APK Signature Scheme v2 . , Android Studio 2.2  Android
 Plugin for Gradle 2.2 APK Signature Scheme v2   JAR
   .
</p>

<p>
   APK Signature Scheme v2   ,
      . APK
 Signature Scheme v2             .
 Android Studio 2.2  Android Plugin for Gradle 2.2
 .
   <code>build.gradle</code>   ,
 <code>v2SigningEnabled false</code>
.
</p>

<pre>
  android {
    ...
    defaultConfig { ... }
    signingConfigs {
      release {
        storeFile file("myreleasekey.keystore")
        storePassword "password"
        keyAlias "MyReleaseKey"
        keyPassword "password"
        <strong>v2SigningEnabled false</strong>
      }
    }
  }
</pre>

<p class="caution"><strong>: </strong> APK
 Signature Scheme v2
 .  <code>zipalign</code>
   APK Signature Scheme v2         .
</p>

<p>
    Android Studio
<a href="{@docRoot}studio/publish/app-signing.html#release-mode">
</a>   Android Plugin for Gradle  <a href="{@docRoot}studio/build/build-variants.html#signing">
     </a>    Android Studio  .
</p>

<h2 id="scoped_directory_access">   </h2>

<p>Android N   API
<a href="{@docRoot}guide/topics/data/data-storage.html#filesExternal"> </a> (SD      )
    .  API
   (: <code>Pictures</code> )    .

<code>READ_EXTERNAL_STORAGE</code>          (SAF)
   API
  .</p>

<p>,  API
   .  API

     UI .</p>

<p>
<a href="{@docRoot}preview/features/scoped-folder-access.html">
 </a>   .</p>

<h2 id="keyboard_shortcuts_helper">Keyboard Shortcuts Helper</h2>

<p>
Android N  "Alt + /"   <em>Keyboard Shortcuts</em>
   ,
  .       (  ),

  .
<a href="{@docRoot}preview/setup-sdk.html#docs-dl">API </a>
<code>Activity.onProvideKeyboardShortcuts()</code>    .
</p>

<p>
   Keyboard Shortcuts Helper
{@code Activity.requestKeyboardShortcutsHelper()} .
</p>

<h2 id="sustained_performance_api">  API</h2>

<p>

 (system-on-chip)  ,
 .
     .
</p>

<p>
   , Android N
<em>  </em> ,    OEM
      .

              .
</p>

<p>
  N Developer Preview
 API Nexus 6P     .

    .
{@code Window.setSustainedPerformanceMode()}     .
   .
</p>

<h2 id="vr">VR </h2>

<p>
     VR    , Android N
 VR      . VR   CPU
    .

VR         .   ,
 Android N  . Android N VR
<a href="https://developers.google.com/vr/android/">Android Google VR SDK</a> .
</p>


<h2 id="print_svc">   </h2>

<p>
   Android N
     .
</p>

<p>
     ,
   .
</p>

<ul>
  <li><code>PrinterInfo.Builder.setResourceIconId()</code>   ID
   .
  </li>

  <li><code>PrinterInfo.Builder.setHasCustomPrinterIcon()</code> ,
<code>android.printservice.PrinterDiscoverySession.onRequestCustomPrinterIcon()</code>

  .
  </li>
</ul>

<p>
  , <code>PrinterInfo.Builder.setInfoIntent()</code>
    .
</p>

<p>
  <code>android.printservice.PrintJob.setProgress()</code>
<code>android.printservice.PrintJob.setStatus()</code>

    .
</p>

<p>
         <a href="{@docRoot}preview/setup-sdk.html#docs-dl">API </a> .
</p>

<h2 id="framemetrics_api">FrameMetricsListener API</h2>

<p>
 FrameMetricsListener API  UI
   .      API
   Pub/Sub API .
<code><a href="{@docRoot}tools/help/shell.html#shellcommands">adb shell</a>
dumpsys gfxinfo framestats</code>   ,  120   .
</p>

<p>
FrameMetricsListener  USB
   UI    .  API

{@code adb shell dumpsys gfxinfo}       .
     ,     .

    .
      UI
       .
</p>

<p>
  <code>FrameMetricsListener.onMetricsAvailable()</code>
     .
<a href="{@docRoot}preview/setup-sdk.html#docs-dl">API </a> {@code FrameMetricsListener}
.
</p>

<p>
 API {@code FrameMetrics}
  .
  {@code UNKNOWN_DELAY_DURATION},
{@code INPUT_HANDLING_DURATION}, {@code ANIMATION_DURATION},
{@code LAYOUT_MEASURE_DURATION}, {@code DRAW_DURATION}, {@code SYNC_DURATION},
{@code COMMAND_ISSUE_DURATION}, {@code SWAP_BUFFERS_DURATION},
{@code TOTAL_DURATION}, {@code FIRST_DRAW_FRAME}.
</p>


<h2 id="virtual_files"> </h2>

<p>
    Android
Google          ,
  .
    ,
 .
</p>

<p>
  Android N <em> </em>
  .    ,
{@link android.content.Intent#ACTION_VIEW}
 URI       URI {@link android.provider.DocumentsProvider}
.  Android N    ,
    .
</p>

<p>
     URI
{@link android.content.Intent}    UI .  {@link android.content.ContentResolver#openInputStream(Uri) openInputStream()}


   ,
{@link android.content.Intent#CATEGORY_OPENABLE}         .
</p>

<p>
    ,
{@link android.app.Activity#onActivityResult onActivityResult()}  .
       ,    URI
    .
</p>

<pre>
  // Other Activity code ...

  final static private int REQUEST_CODE = 64;

  // We listen to the OnActivityResult event to respond to the user's selection.
  &#64;Override
  public void onActivityResult(int requestCode, int resultCode,
    Intent resultData) {
      try {
        if (requestCode == REQUEST_CODE &amp;&amp;
            resultCode == Activity.RESULT_OK) {

            Uri uri = null;

            if (resultData != null) {
                uri = resultData.getData();

                ContentResolver resolver = getContentResolver();

                // Before attempting to coerce a file into a MIME type,
                // check to see what alternative MIME types are available to
                // coerce this file into.
                String[] streamTypes =
                  resolver.getStreamTypes(uri, "*/*");

                AssetFileDescriptor descriptor =
                    resolver.openTypedAssetFileDescriptor(
                        uri,
                        streamTypes[0],
                        null);

                // Retrieve a stream to the virtual file.
                InputStream inputStream = descriptor.createInputStream();
            }
        }
      } catch (Exception ex) {
        Log.e("EXCEPTION", "ERROR: ", ex);
      }
  }
</pre>

<p>

<a href="{@docRoot}guide/topics/providers/document-provider.html">
  </a> .
</p>