1 /* 2 * Copyright (C) 2015 The Android Open Source Project 3 * 4 * Licensed under the Apache License, Version 2.0 (the "License"); 5 * you may not use this file except in compliance with the License. 6 * You may obtain a copy of the License at 7 * 8 * http://www.apache.org/licenses/LICENSE-2.0 9 * 10 * Unless required by applicable law or agreed to in writing, software 11 * distributed under the License is distributed on an "AS IS" BASIS, 12 * WITHOUT WARRANTIES OR CONDITIONS OF ANY KIND, either express or implied. 13 * See the License for the specific language governing permissions and 14 * limitations under the License. 15 */ 16 17 #include "Disk.h" 18 #include "PublicVolume.h" 19 #include "PrivateVolume.h" 20 #include "Utils.h" 21 #include "VolumeBase.h" 22 #include "VolumeManager.h" 23 #include "ResponseCode.h" 24 #include "Ext4Crypt.h" 25 26 #include <android-base/file.h> 27 #include <android-base/stringprintf.h> 28 #include <android-base/logging.h> 29 #include <diskconfig/diskconfig.h> 30 31 #include <vector> 32 #include <fcntl.h> 33 #include <inttypes.h> 34 #include <stdio.h> 35 #include <stdlib.h> 36 #include <sys/types.h> 37 #include <sys/stat.h> 38 #include <sys/mount.h> 39 40 using android::base::ReadFileToString; 41 using android::base::WriteStringToFile; 42 using android::base::StringPrintf; 43 44 namespace android { 45 namespace vold { 46 47 static const char* kSgdiskPath = "/system/bin/sgdisk"; 48 static const char* kSgdiskToken = " \t\n"; 49 50 static const char* kSysfsMmcMaxMinors = "/sys/module/mmcblk/parameters/perdev_minors"; 51 52 static const unsigned int kMajorBlockScsiA = 8; 53 static const unsigned int kMajorBlockScsiB = 65; 54 static const unsigned int kMajorBlockScsiC = 66; 55 static const unsigned int kMajorBlockScsiD = 67; 56 static const unsigned int kMajorBlockScsiE = 68; 57 static const unsigned int kMajorBlockScsiF = 69; 58 static const unsigned int kMajorBlockScsiG = 70; 59 static const unsigned int kMajorBlockScsiH = 71; 60 static const unsigned int kMajorBlockScsiI = 128; 61 static const unsigned int kMajorBlockScsiJ = 129; 62 static const unsigned int kMajorBlockScsiK = 130; 63 static const unsigned int kMajorBlockScsiL = 131; 64 static const unsigned int kMajorBlockScsiM = 132; 65 static const unsigned int kMajorBlockScsiN = 133; 66 static const unsigned int kMajorBlockScsiO = 134; 67 static const unsigned int kMajorBlockScsiP = 135; 68 static const unsigned int kMajorBlockMmc = 179; 69 static const unsigned int kMajorBlockExperimentalMin = 240; 70 static const unsigned int kMajorBlockExperimentalMax = 254; 71 72 static const char* kGptBasicData = "EBD0A0A2-B9E5-4433-87C0-68B6B72699C7"; 73 static const char* kGptAndroidMeta = "19A710A2-B3CA-11E4-B026-10604B889DCF"; 74 static const char* kGptAndroidExpand = "193D1EA4-B3CA-11E4-B075-10604B889DCF"; 75 76 enum class Table { 77 kUnknown, 78 kMbr, 79 kGpt, 80 }; 81 82 static bool isVirtioBlkDevice(unsigned int major) { 83 /* 84 * The new emulator's "ranchu" virtual board no longer includes a goldfish 85 * MMC-based SD card device; instead, it emulates SD cards with virtio-blk, 86 * which has been supported by upstream kernel and QEMU for quite a while. 87 * Unfortunately, the virtio-blk block device driver does not use a fixed 88 * major number, but relies on the kernel to assign one from a specific 89 * range of block majors, which are allocated for "LOCAL/EXPERIMENAL USE" 90 * per Documentation/devices.txt. This is true even for the latest Linux 91 * kernel (4.4; see init() in drivers/block/virtio_blk.c). 92 * 93 * This makes it difficult for vold to detect a virtio-blk based SD card. 94 * The current solution checks two conditions (both must be met): 95 * 96 * a) If the running environment is the emulator; 97 * b) If the major number is an experimental block device major number (for 98 * x86/x86_64 3.10 ranchu kernels, virtio-blk always gets major number 99 * 253, but it is safer to match the range than just one value). 100 * 101 * Other conditions could be used, too, e.g. the hardware name should be 102 * "ranchu", the device's sysfs path should end with "/block/vd[d-z]", etc. 103 * But just having a) and b) is enough for now. 104 */ 105 return IsRunningInEmulator() && major >= kMajorBlockExperimentalMin 106 && major <= kMajorBlockExperimentalMax; 107 } 108 109 Disk::Disk(const std::string& eventPath, dev_t device, 110 const std::string& nickname, int flags) : 111 mDevice(device), mSize(-1), mNickname(nickname), mFlags(flags), mCreated( 112 false), mJustPartitioned(false) { 113 mId = StringPrintf("disk:%u,%u", major(device), minor(device)); 114 mEventPath = eventPath; 115 mSysPath = StringPrintf("/sys/%s", eventPath.c_str()); 116 mDevPath = StringPrintf("/dev/block/vold/%s", mId.c_str()); 117 CreateDeviceNode(mDevPath, mDevice); 118 } 119 120 Disk::~Disk() { 121 CHECK(!mCreated); 122 DestroyDeviceNode(mDevPath); 123 } 124 125 std::shared_ptr<VolumeBase> Disk::findVolume(const std::string& id) { 126 for (auto vol : mVolumes) { 127 if (vol->getId() == id) { 128 return vol; 129 } 130 auto stackedVol = vol->findVolume(id); 131 if (stackedVol != nullptr) { 132 return stackedVol; 133 } 134 } 135 return nullptr; 136 } 137 138 void Disk::listVolumes(VolumeBase::Type type, std::list<std::string>& list) { 139 for (auto vol : mVolumes) { 140 if (vol->getType() == type) { 141 list.push_back(vol->getId()); 142 } 143 // TODO: consider looking at stacked volumes 144 } 145 } 146 147 status_t Disk::create() { 148 CHECK(!mCreated); 149 mCreated = true; 150 notifyEvent(ResponseCode::DiskCreated, StringPrintf("%d", mFlags)); 151 readMetadata(); 152 readPartitions(); 153 return OK; 154 } 155 156 status_t Disk::destroy() { 157 CHECK(mCreated); 158 destroyAllVolumes(); 159 mCreated = false; 160 notifyEvent(ResponseCode::DiskDestroyed); 161 return OK; 162 } 163 164 void Disk::createPublicVolume(dev_t device) { 165 auto vol = std::shared_ptr<VolumeBase>(new PublicVolume(device)); 166 if (mJustPartitioned) { 167 LOG(DEBUG) << "Device just partitioned; silently formatting"; 168 vol->setSilent(true); 169 vol->create(); 170 vol->format("auto"); 171 vol->destroy(); 172 vol->setSilent(false); 173 } 174 175 mVolumes.push_back(vol); 176 vol->setDiskId(getId()); 177 vol->create(); 178 } 179 180 void Disk::createPrivateVolume(dev_t device, const std::string& partGuid) { 181 std::string normalizedGuid; 182 if (NormalizeHex(partGuid, normalizedGuid)) { 183 LOG(WARNING) << "Invalid GUID " << partGuid; 184 return; 185 } 186 187 std::string keyRaw; 188 if (!ReadFileToString(BuildKeyPath(normalizedGuid), &keyRaw)) { 189 PLOG(ERROR) << "Failed to load key for GUID " << normalizedGuid; 190 return; 191 } 192 193 LOG(DEBUG) << "Found key for GUID " << normalizedGuid; 194 195 auto vol = std::shared_ptr<VolumeBase>(new PrivateVolume(device, keyRaw)); 196 if (mJustPartitioned) { 197 LOG(DEBUG) << "Device just partitioned; silently formatting"; 198 vol->setSilent(true); 199 vol->create(); 200 vol->format("auto"); 201 vol->destroy(); 202 vol->setSilent(false); 203 } 204 205 mVolumes.push_back(vol); 206 vol->setDiskId(getId()); 207 vol->setPartGuid(partGuid); 208 vol->create(); 209 } 210 211 void Disk::destroyAllVolumes() { 212 for (auto vol : mVolumes) { 213 vol->destroy(); 214 } 215 mVolumes.clear(); 216 } 217 218 status_t Disk::readMetadata() { 219 mSize = -1; 220 mLabel.clear(); 221 222 int fd = open(mDevPath.c_str(), O_RDONLY | O_CLOEXEC); 223 if (fd != -1) { 224 if (ioctl(fd, BLKGETSIZE64, &mSize)) { 225 mSize = -1; 226 } 227 close(fd); 228 } 229 230 unsigned int majorId = major(mDevice); 231 switch (majorId) { 232 case kMajorBlockScsiA: case kMajorBlockScsiB: case kMajorBlockScsiC: case kMajorBlockScsiD: 233 case kMajorBlockScsiE: case kMajorBlockScsiF: case kMajorBlockScsiG: case kMajorBlockScsiH: 234 case kMajorBlockScsiI: case kMajorBlockScsiJ: case kMajorBlockScsiK: case kMajorBlockScsiL: 235 case kMajorBlockScsiM: case kMajorBlockScsiN: case kMajorBlockScsiO: case kMajorBlockScsiP: { 236 std::string path(mSysPath + "/device/vendor"); 237 std::string tmp; 238 if (!ReadFileToString(path, &tmp)) { 239 PLOG(WARNING) << "Failed to read vendor from " << path; 240 return -errno; 241 } 242 mLabel = tmp; 243 break; 244 } 245 case kMajorBlockMmc: { 246 std::string path(mSysPath + "/device/manfid"); 247 std::string tmp; 248 if (!ReadFileToString(path, &tmp)) { 249 PLOG(WARNING) << "Failed to read manufacturer from " << path; 250 return -errno; 251 } 252 uint64_t manfid = strtoll(tmp.c_str(), nullptr, 16); 253 // Our goal here is to give the user a meaningful label, ideally 254 // matching whatever is silk-screened on the card. To reduce 255 // user confusion, this list doesn't contain white-label manfid. 256 switch (manfid) { 257 case 0x000003: mLabel = "SanDisk"; break; 258 case 0x00001b: mLabel = "Samsung"; break; 259 case 0x000028: mLabel = "Lexar"; break; 260 case 0x000074: mLabel = "Transcend"; break; 261 } 262 break; 263 } 264 default: { 265 if (isVirtioBlkDevice(majorId)) { 266 LOG(DEBUG) << "Recognized experimental block major ID " << majorId 267 << " as virtio-blk (emulator's virtual SD card device)"; 268 mLabel = "Virtual"; 269 break; 270 } 271 LOG(WARNING) << "Unsupported block major type " << majorId; 272 return -ENOTSUP; 273 } 274 } 275 276 notifyEvent(ResponseCode::DiskSizeChanged, StringPrintf("%" PRIu64, mSize)); 277 notifyEvent(ResponseCode::DiskLabelChanged, mLabel); 278 notifyEvent(ResponseCode::DiskSysPathChanged, mSysPath); 279 return OK; 280 } 281 282 status_t Disk::readPartitions() { 283 int8_t maxMinors = getMaxMinors(); 284 if (maxMinors < 0) { 285 return -ENOTSUP; 286 } 287 288 destroyAllVolumes(); 289 290 // Parse partition table 291 292 std::vector<std::string> cmd; 293 cmd.push_back(kSgdiskPath); 294 cmd.push_back("--android-dump"); 295 cmd.push_back(mDevPath); 296 297 std::vector<std::string> output; 298 status_t res = ForkExecvp(cmd, output); 299 if (res != OK) { 300 LOG(WARNING) << "sgdisk failed to scan " << mDevPath; 301 notifyEvent(ResponseCode::DiskScanned); 302 mJustPartitioned = false; 303 return res; 304 } 305 306 Table table = Table::kUnknown; 307 bool foundParts = false; 308 for (auto line : output) { 309 char* cline = (char*) line.c_str(); 310 char* token = strtok(cline, kSgdiskToken); 311 if (token == nullptr) continue; 312 313 if (!strcmp(token, "DISK")) { 314 const char* type = strtok(nullptr, kSgdiskToken); 315 if (!strcmp(type, "mbr")) { 316 table = Table::kMbr; 317 } else if (!strcmp(type, "gpt")) { 318 table = Table::kGpt; 319 } 320 } else if (!strcmp(token, "PART")) { 321 foundParts = true; 322 int i = strtol(strtok(nullptr, kSgdiskToken), nullptr, 10); 323 if (i <= 0 || i > maxMinors) { 324 LOG(WARNING) << mId << " is ignoring partition " << i 325 << " beyond max supported devices"; 326 continue; 327 } 328 dev_t partDevice = makedev(major(mDevice), minor(mDevice) + i); 329 330 if (table == Table::kMbr) { 331 const char* type = strtok(nullptr, kSgdiskToken); 332 333 switch (strtol(type, nullptr, 16)) { 334 case 0x06: // FAT16 335 case 0x0b: // W95 FAT32 (LBA) 336 case 0x0c: // W95 FAT32 (LBA) 337 case 0x0e: // W95 FAT16 (LBA) 338 createPublicVolume(partDevice); 339 break; 340 } 341 } else if (table == Table::kGpt) { 342 const char* typeGuid = strtok(nullptr, kSgdiskToken); 343 const char* partGuid = strtok(nullptr, kSgdiskToken); 344 345 if (!strcasecmp(typeGuid, kGptBasicData)) { 346 createPublicVolume(partDevice); 347 } else if (!strcasecmp(typeGuid, kGptAndroidExpand)) { 348 createPrivateVolume(partDevice, partGuid); 349 } 350 } 351 } 352 } 353 354 // Ugly last ditch effort, treat entire disk as partition 355 if (table == Table::kUnknown || !foundParts) { 356 LOG(WARNING) << mId << " has unknown partition table; trying entire device"; 357 358 std::string fsType; 359 std::string unused; 360 if (ReadMetadataUntrusted(mDevPath, fsType, unused, unused) == OK) { 361 createPublicVolume(mDevice); 362 } else { 363 LOG(WARNING) << mId << " failed to identify, giving up"; 364 } 365 } 366 367 notifyEvent(ResponseCode::DiskScanned); 368 mJustPartitioned = false; 369 return OK; 370 } 371 372 status_t Disk::unmountAll() { 373 for (auto vol : mVolumes) { 374 vol->unmount(); 375 } 376 return OK; 377 } 378 379 status_t Disk::partitionPublic() { 380 int res; 381 382 // TODO: improve this code 383 destroyAllVolumes(); 384 mJustPartitioned = true; 385 386 // First nuke any existing partition table 387 std::vector<std::string> cmd; 388 cmd.push_back(kSgdiskPath); 389 cmd.push_back("--zap-all"); 390 cmd.push_back(mDevPath); 391 392 // Zap sometimes returns an error when it actually succeeded, so 393 // just log as warning and keep rolling forward. 394 if ((res = ForkExecvp(cmd)) != 0) { 395 LOG(WARNING) << "Failed to zap; status " << res; 396 } 397 398 struct disk_info dinfo; 399 memset(&dinfo, 0, sizeof(dinfo)); 400 401 if (!(dinfo.part_lst = (struct part_info *) malloc( 402 MAX_NUM_PARTS * sizeof(struct part_info)))) { 403 return -1; 404 } 405 406 memset(dinfo.part_lst, 0, MAX_NUM_PARTS * sizeof(struct part_info)); 407 dinfo.device = strdup(mDevPath.c_str()); 408 dinfo.scheme = PART_SCHEME_MBR; 409 dinfo.sect_size = 512; 410 dinfo.skip_lba = 2048; 411 dinfo.num_lba = 0; 412 dinfo.num_parts = 1; 413 414 struct part_info *pinfo = &dinfo.part_lst[0]; 415 416 pinfo->name = strdup("android_sdcard"); 417 pinfo->flags |= PART_ACTIVE_FLAG; 418 pinfo->type = PC_PART_TYPE_FAT32; 419 pinfo->len_kb = -1; 420 421 int rc = apply_disk_config(&dinfo, 0); 422 if (rc) { 423 LOG(ERROR) << "Failed to apply disk configuration: " << rc; 424 goto out; 425 } 426 427 out: 428 free(pinfo->name); 429 free(dinfo.device); 430 free(dinfo.part_lst); 431 432 return rc; 433 } 434 435 status_t Disk::partitionPrivate() { 436 return partitionMixed(0); 437 } 438 439 status_t Disk::partitionMixed(int8_t ratio) { 440 int res; 441 442 if (e4crypt_is_native()) { 443 LOG(ERROR) << "Private volumes not yet supported on FBE devices"; 444 return -EINVAL; 445 } 446 447 destroyAllVolumes(); 448 mJustPartitioned = true; 449 450 // First nuke any existing partition table 451 std::vector<std::string> cmd; 452 cmd.push_back(kSgdiskPath); 453 cmd.push_back("--zap-all"); 454 cmd.push_back(mDevPath); 455 456 // Zap sometimes returns an error when it actually succeeded, so 457 // just log as warning and keep rolling forward. 458 if ((res = ForkExecvp(cmd)) != 0) { 459 LOG(WARNING) << "Failed to zap; status " << res; 460 } 461 462 // We've had some success above, so generate both the private partition 463 // GUID and encryption key and persist them. 464 std::string partGuidRaw; 465 std::string keyRaw; 466 if (ReadRandomBytes(16, partGuidRaw) || ReadRandomBytes(16, keyRaw)) { 467 LOG(ERROR) << "Failed to generate GUID or key"; 468 return -EIO; 469 } 470 471 std::string partGuid; 472 StrToHex(partGuidRaw, partGuid); 473 474 if (!WriteStringToFile(keyRaw, BuildKeyPath(partGuid))) { 475 LOG(ERROR) << "Failed to persist key"; 476 return -EIO; 477 } else { 478 LOG(DEBUG) << "Persisted key for GUID " << partGuid; 479 } 480 481 // Now let's build the new GPT table. We heavily rely on sgdisk to 482 // force optimal alignment on the created partitions. 483 cmd.clear(); 484 cmd.push_back(kSgdiskPath); 485 486 // If requested, create a public partition first. Mixed-mode partitioning 487 // like this is an experimental feature. 488 if (ratio > 0) { 489 if (ratio < 10 || ratio > 90) { 490 LOG(ERROR) << "Mixed partition ratio must be between 10-90%"; 491 return -EINVAL; 492 } 493 494 uint64_t splitMb = ((mSize / 100) * ratio) / 1024 / 1024; 495 cmd.push_back(StringPrintf("--new=0:0:+%" PRId64 "M", splitMb)); 496 cmd.push_back(StringPrintf("--typecode=0:%s", kGptBasicData)); 497 cmd.push_back("--change-name=0:shared"); 498 } 499 500 // Define a metadata partition which is designed for future use; there 501 // should only be one of these per physical device, even if there are 502 // multiple private volumes. 503 cmd.push_back("--new=0:0:+16M"); 504 cmd.push_back(StringPrintf("--typecode=0:%s", kGptAndroidMeta)); 505 cmd.push_back("--change-name=0:android_meta"); 506 507 // Define a single private partition filling the rest of disk. 508 cmd.push_back("--new=0:0:-0"); 509 cmd.push_back(StringPrintf("--typecode=0:%s", kGptAndroidExpand)); 510 cmd.push_back(StringPrintf("--partition-guid=0:%s", partGuid.c_str())); 511 cmd.push_back("--change-name=0:android_expand"); 512 513 cmd.push_back(mDevPath); 514 515 if ((res = ForkExecvp(cmd)) != 0) { 516 LOG(ERROR) << "Failed to partition; status " << res; 517 return res; 518 } 519 520 return OK; 521 } 522 523 void Disk::notifyEvent(int event) { 524 VolumeManager::Instance()->getBroadcaster()->sendBroadcast(event, 525 getId().c_str(), false); 526 } 527 528 void Disk::notifyEvent(int event, const std::string& value) { 529 VolumeManager::Instance()->getBroadcaster()->sendBroadcast(event, 530 StringPrintf("%s %s", getId().c_str(), value.c_str()).c_str(), false); 531 } 532 533 int Disk::getMaxMinors() { 534 // Figure out maximum partition devices supported 535 unsigned int majorId = major(mDevice); 536 switch (majorId) { 537 case kMajorBlockScsiA: case kMajorBlockScsiB: case kMajorBlockScsiC: case kMajorBlockScsiD: 538 case kMajorBlockScsiE: case kMajorBlockScsiF: case kMajorBlockScsiG: case kMajorBlockScsiH: 539 case kMajorBlockScsiI: case kMajorBlockScsiJ: case kMajorBlockScsiK: case kMajorBlockScsiL: 540 case kMajorBlockScsiM: case kMajorBlockScsiN: case kMajorBlockScsiO: case kMajorBlockScsiP: { 541 // Per Documentation/devices.txt this is static 542 return 15; 543 } 544 case kMajorBlockMmc: { 545 // Per Documentation/devices.txt this is dynamic 546 std::string tmp; 547 if (!ReadFileToString(kSysfsMmcMaxMinors, &tmp)) { 548 LOG(ERROR) << "Failed to read max minors"; 549 return -errno; 550 } 551 return atoi(tmp.c_str()); 552 } 553 default: { 554 if (isVirtioBlkDevice(majorId)) { 555 // drivers/block/virtio_blk.c has "#define PART_BITS 4", so max is 556 // 2^4 - 1 = 15 557 return 15; 558 } 559 } 560 } 561 562 LOG(ERROR) << "Unsupported block major type " << majorId; 563 return -ENOTSUP; 564 } 565 566 } // namespace vold 567 } // namespace android 568
