1 0.8.11 (?/?/2014): 2 ------------------ 3 4 - Small code changes to support compilation as EFI application with the 5 UEFI GPT fdisk library 6 (http://sourceforge.net/projects/uefigptfdisk/?source=directory) 7 8 - Added new partition type codes for Ceph 9 (https://github.com/ceph/ceph/blob/9bcc42a3e6b08521694b5c0228b2c6ed7b3d312e/src/ceph-disk#L76-L81): 10 4FBD7E29-9D25-41B8-AFD0-062C0CEFF05D/0xf800 (Ceph OSD), 11 4FBD7E29-9D25-41B8-AFD0-5EC00CEFF05D/0xf801 (Ceph dm-crypt OSD), 12 BFBFAFE7-A34F-448A-9A5B-6213EB736C22/0xf802 (Ceph journal), 13 45B0969E-9B03-4F30-B4C6-5EC00CEFF106/0xf803 (Ceph dm-crypt journal), 14 89C57F98-2FE5-4DC0-89C1-F3AD0CEFF2BE/0xf804 (Ceph disk in creation), and 15 89C57F98-2FE5-4DC0-89C1-5EC00CEFF2BE/0xf805 (Ceph dm-crypt disk in 16 creation) 17 18 - Added new partition type codes from 19 http://www.freedesktop.org/wiki/Specifications/DiscoverablePartitionsSpec/: 20 44479540-F297-41B2-9AF7-D131D5F0458A/0x8303 (Linux / on x86), 21 4F68BCE3-E8CD-4DB1-96E7-FBCAF984B709/0x8304 (Linux / on x86-64), 22 B921B045-1DF0-41C3-AF44-4C6F280D3FAE/0x8305 (Linux / on 64-bit ARM), 23 3B8F8425-20E0-4F3B-907F-1A25A76F98E8/0x8306 (Linux /srv). 24 25 0.8.10 (3/2/2014): 26 ------------------ 27 28 - Added feature to sgdisk's -A/--attributes, -c/--change-name, 29 -t/--typecode, and -u/--partition-guid commands: If a -n/--new option 30 with "0" as the partition number precedes these options on the command 31 line, passin "0" as the partition number to the following options causes 32 them to use the newly-created partition. For instance, "sgdisk -n 33 0:0:+550M -t 0:EF00 /dev/sda" creates a new partition with a type code of 34 EF00. (Previous versions would ignore the "-t 0:EF00" option.) 35 36 - Fixed bug that caused incorrect partition number to be displayed by 37 sgdisk in error messages when the user specified a non-existent partition 38 for inclusion in a hybrid MBR or conversion to a conventional MBR. 39 40 - Fixed new (in 0.8.9) bug that caused a failure to create more than one 41 hybridized partition when creating a hybrid MBR. 42 43 - Fixed bug that caused gdisk and sgdisk to create hybridized partitions 44 that ended at or above the 2^32 sector point with incorrect end values. 45 The behavior now varies between gdisk and sgdisk: gdisk now creates 46 hybrid partitions that begin below 2^32 sectors and that are smaller than 47 2^32 sectors, since this is technically legal; but gdisk displays a 48 warning, because some OSes (such as DOS, Windows XP, OS/2, and BeOS) 49 misbehave with such partitions. AFAIK, only Linux, FreeBSD, and Windows 7 50 work properly with such partitions. Because of this fact and because 51 sgdisk is a more automated tool, it's stricter in how it handles things: 52 It refuses to create a hybrid partition if the original ends at or above 53 the 2^32 sector mark. 54 55 0.8.9 (2/17/2014): 56 ------------------ 57 58 - Removed dependency on libicu for UTF-16 support. 59 60 - Fixed spurious "0xEE partition doesn't start on sector 1" warning in 61 FixParts (and perhaps in other programs under some circumstances). 62 63 - Added GPT regeneration command to GPT-destruction options ('z' in gdisk, 64 -z and -Z options to sgdisk). This is done to avoid wiping out data 65 mid-disk that might not be backup GPT data structures, which could 66 otherwise occur if a RAID array was resized in certain ways. 67 68 - Added check for an oversized 0xEE protective partition. The program now 69 auto-repairs this condition on loading if the GPT data seem otherwise 70 valid. This is done because I've been receiving reports of some disks 71 (possibly from some OEM Windows 8 loads) that violate the GPT spec in 72 this way, and gdisk was reporting write errors when saving data. 73 74 - If the GPT data seem to be damaged in some way or if the disk seems to 75 be a hybrid MBR and if the MBR partition(s) don't fit on the disk, the 76 verify (v) function now warns of this condition, and writing the disk if 77 it exists also displays a more specific error message about the problem. 78 79 - Added new type codes (3000, 7412F7D5-A156-4B13-81DC-867174929325 and 80 3001, D4E6E2CD-4469-46F3-B5CB-1BFF57AFC149) for Open Network Install 81 Environment (ONIE) boot and config partitions, respectively. 82 83 - Added new type ccde (ED01, BFBFAFE7-A34F-448A-9A5B-6213EB736C22), for 84 Lenovo's ESP-like partition. 85 86 0.8.8 (10/14/2013): 87 ------------------- 88 89 - Fixed bug that could cause segfault when passing an invalid partition 90 number to sgdisk's -i/--info command. 91 92 - Added new type code: 933AC7E1-2EB4-4F13-B844-0E14E2AEF915, or gdisk code 93 8302, for Linux /home partitions. This type code is used by recent 94 versions of systemd to permit /home to be auto-mounted; see 95 http://www.freedesktop.org/software/systemd/man/systemd-gpt-auto-generator.html 96 for details. 97 98 - Added new type code: 9E1A2D38-C612-4316-AA26-8B49521E5A8B, or gdisk code 99 4100, for PowerPC PReP (PowerPC reference platform) boot. 100 101 - The number of partition type codes has grown large enough that it fills 102 an 80x24 display. I've therefore added a pause (with a prompt to hit 103 <Enter>) to display more items after showing 21 lines in gdisk or after 104 the screen has nearly filled with entries in cgdisk. There's no such 105 pause/prompt in sgdisk, though. 106 107 - Fine-tuned verification ('v') check for 0xEE partition that doesn't begin 108 on sector 1: Previously, a disk with multiple 0xEE partitions would 109 always trigger this warning. Now, the warning occurs only if NONE of the 110 0xEE partitions begins on sector 1. 111 112 - Fixed hybrid MBR creation on disks larger than 2TiB: Previously, if one 113 opted to create an extra partition to cover unused space following 114 hybridized partitions, gdisk would hang. 115 116 - Added check for an active/bootable 0xEE protective partition to the 117 verify ('v') function. If found, this is not counted as an error, but 118 it is called out to the user, since it can cause some EFIs (such as 119 VirtualBox's EFI) to ignore the disk. 120 121 0.8.7 (7/8/2013): 122 ----------------- 123 124 - Modified Mac version so that it can work on /dev/rdisk* devices as well 125 as /dev/disk* devices. The result is that, when using the /dev/rdisk* 126 devices, the partition table can sometimes be re-read without removing 127 the disk or rebooting. 128 129 - Added "-a" option to cgdisk to use a ">" symbol to the left of the 130 selected partition rather than ncurses highlighting. 131 132 - Modified "converting MBR to GPT" message to clarify that the conversion 133 is being held in memory, since some people have mistakenly assumed that a 134 "gdisk -l" operation will change an MBR disk to a GPT disk without 135 prompting. 136 137 - Added partition type code for freedesktop.org's proposed $BOOT partition 138 (bc13c2ff-59e6-4262-a352-b275fd6f7172; GPT fdisk type code EA00) 139 140 - Adjusted alignment code when using -n or -N in sgdisk to keep the 141 requested partition size (if specified using +###{MGT} terminology) 142 as the requested value rather than relative to the requested start 143 point. This gives you the requested partition size rather than be 144 slightly smaller if sgdisk needs to adjust the start point up a bit and 145 it prevents gaps from appearing between partitions if several are created 146 in succession using automatic placement of the start point. 147 148 - Fixed small bugs in gdisk_test.sh script. 149 150 - Removed stray debug message that would appear when reading MBR disks. 151 152 - Added partition type code for Intel Rapid Start partition (GUID 153 D3BFE2DE-3DAF-11DF-BA40-E3A556D89593, code 8400), used by systems that 154 implement Intel's Rapid Start technology. See 155 http://blog.adios.tw/2012/10/funtoo-linux-and-intel-rapid-start.html or 156 http://mjg59.dreamwidth.org/26022.html. 157 158 - Added partition type code for Haiku BFS (GUID 159 42465331-3BA3-10F1-802A-4861696B7521; code EB00). 160 161 0.8.6 (1/9/2013): 162 ----------------- 163 164 - Fixed a bug that could cause sgdisk to crash when passing a partition 165 number of 0 to the -t option. 166 167 - Added support for building under Solaris. 168 169 - Added a new check to the verification code. 170 171 - Added partition type code for Sony system partition 172 (F4019732-066E-4E12-8273-346C5641494F). I'm not entirely clear what this 173 is used for, but it's appearing on some new Sony computers. 174 175 - Tweaked hybrid MBR creation options to fix a problem that caused the main 176 0xEE MBR partition to NOT be created if the user told gdisk to NOT place 177 it at the start of the disk AND IF fewer than three partitions are 178 hybridize AND IF the user opted to create a second protective partition. 179 180 - Changed default build options for Mac OS X to *NOT* use libicu, 181 since it seems to have broken somewhere along the line. It still 182 works on Linux, though. 183 184 - Added partition type codes for VMWare ESX (FB00, FB01, and FC00). 185 186 0.8.5 (5/30/2012): 187 ------------------ 188 189 - Changed code that writes the partition table so that a disk sync 190 operation occurs even if one or more write operations failed (but not if 191 they all failed). This is intended to work around a bug that a user 192 reported on a Windows system on which the write of the protective MBR 193 failed, although everything else worked. (I suspect anti-virus software 194 may have been blocking write access to the MBR.) 195 196 - Added type codes for Midnight BSD (0xA580 - 0xA585). I used these codes 197 because Midnight BSD uses the same 0xA5 type code as FreeBSD on MBR 198 disks, so I'm starting Midnight BSD's numbering halfway through the 199 0xA5## range. 200 201 0.8.4 (3/25/2012): 202 ------------------ 203 204 - REALLY fixed Ctrl+D problems! Now gdisk terminates upon receiving a 205 Ctrl+D. In all previous versions, it could lock itself into a CPU-hogging 206 loop if launched via "sudo" from a terminal window that was then closed 207 or if Ctrl+D was pressed at certain input prompts (for a partition name 208 or sector number, for instance). 209 210 0.8.3 (3/23/2012): 211 ------------------ 212 213 - Fixed compilation problem on GCC 4.7. 214 215 - Improved handling of Ctrl+D on some systems. 216 217 - Added disk's name to message stating that a disk write was successful. 218 219 - Fixed bug that caused creation of >2TiB partitions on 32-bit systems to 220 be truncated in sgdisk. 221 222 0.8.2 (1/22/2012): 223 ------------------ 224 225 - Adjusted the code to support a number of partitions that's not a multiple 226 of the number of partition table entries that fits in a sector (normally 227 4 per sector). The program still rounds up, when necessary, when resizing 228 the partition table manually, but not when loading a partition table that 229 contains a peculiar number of partitions. This helps prevent spurious 230 error messages about CRC problems when loading some Solaris partition 231 tables. 232 233 - Fixed bugs relating to the handling of empty partitions; Solaris's ZFS 234 tools create weird empty partitions that are legal but that gdisk wasn't 235 handling properly. (Specifically, they sometimes have non-zero end 236 points; gdisk assumed empty partitions had end points of 0.) 237 238 - Fixed a bug that caused an infinite loop of input prompts if the user 239 pressed Ctrl+D. 240 241 - Changed gdisk's first-sector input operation to specify a sector number 242 that's properly aligned as the default value. This eliminates the need 243 to alter that value and notify the user of the change when the user 244 hits "Enter" for the default value as the first partition on an empty 245 disk (as well as in some other situations). 246 247 0.8.1 (10/1/2011): 248 ------------------ 249 250 - Fixed bug that could cause FixParts to keep a partition's assignment 251 as logical when FixPart could not actually do so. This could happen 252 when there are no gaps between two logical partitions. Some partitioning 253 tools can create such configurations, but FixParts can't. Such 254 configurations are extremely rare. I've only encountered them when 255 logical partitions are out of order. 256 257 - Added code to detect infinite loops of logical partitions when reading 258 MBR data. When detected, the program now stops reading after the first 259 loop, so no duplicates appear in the partition list. 260 261 - Fixed bug in partition overlap detection in MBR code. 262 263 - Changed GPT reading code to use the size encoded in GPT headers to 264 determine how much of the header to use in computing a CRC, with the 265 restriction that the size be equal to or less than the disk's sector 266 size. This should work around problems with libefi in ZFS, which sets the 267 header size to 512 rather than the more common 92. A caveat: If the 268 disk's sector size is larger than the GPTHeader data structure size (512 269 bytes), then the rest of the sector's contents are ignored and replaced 270 with 0 values. This could produce false positives on CRC checks on disks 271 with over-512-byte sector sizes if the header sector is padded with 272 something other than 0 values. 273 274 - Fixed bug in new (as of 0.8.0) check that main and backup partition 275 tables are identical on big-endian (PowerPC, etc.) hardware. 276 277 0.8.0 (9/10/2011): 278 ------------------ 279 280 - Added new return option for sgdisk: 8, which means that a replication 281 operation (-R or --replicate) failed. Note that other operations on 282 the same command line might still have succeeded. 283 284 - Added gdisk_test.sh shell script, contributed by Guillaume Delacour. 285 This script tests some common gdisk and sgdisk operations to be sure 286 they're working correctly. 287 288 - Enable sgdisk's -l (--load-backup) and -o (--clear) options to work 289 even on disks that are damaged. Most other options will still be ignored, 290 though, so if you suspect a disk may be bad and want to use one of these 291 options, you should do so on a line by itself, followed by a separate 292 command to perform other actions (such as adding new partitions). 293 294 - Added check for mis-matched primary and backup partition tables. 295 A mismatch is reported as a CRC error. 296 297 - Added Apple Core Storage partition type code (hex code AF05, GUID 298 53746F72-6167-11AA-AA11-00306543ECAC). 299 300 - Added cgdisk program to the family. This program is a rough workalike 301 to cfdisk, much as gdisk is a rough workalike to fdisk. See the cgdisk 302 man page or http://www.rodsbooks.com/gdisk/cgdisk-walkthrough.html for 303 details about its operation. 304 305 - Fixed bug that caused CHS end point for protective MBR to be set to 306 0xfeffff rather than the spec-mandated 0xffffff on disks over ~8GB. This 307 is a very minor bug, since not much cares about this, and most other GPT 308 tools get it wrong in the same way, too. 309 310 0.7.2 (6/26/2011): 311 ------------------ 312 313 - The Windows version now (finally!) generates proper GUIDs rather than a 314 purely random number. This fixes a bug that caused Windows 7 to crash 315 when converting a disk from MBR format (but, oddly, not when creating a 316 fresh partition table or doing various other things). 317 318 - Added a warning when an MBR partition is discarded because it's too 319 big for the disk. 320 321 - Changed warning to Windows users about the dangers of converting to GPT 322 so that it appears only on disks that aren't already in GPT form. 323 324 - Fixed bug that caused bogus "3" values to pad the ends of partition names 325 on some disks (particularly those created by Microsoft's disk 326 partitioning tools). 327 328 - Made compilation without Unicode support possible (see README file) 329 330 - Made default filesystem type code OS-dependent (based on the compilation 331 platform). 332 333 - Added new Linux-only filesystem partition type GUID code, 334 0FC63DAF-8483-4772-8E79-3D69D8477DE4 (8300 entry code). Also changed name 335 of the EBD0A0A2-B9E5-4433-87C0-68B6B72699C7 (0700 entry code) to 336 "Microsoft basic data"). 337 338 - Fixed a bug that caused an incorrect code to be set for active/bootable 339 partitions when generating a hybrid MBR. 340 341 - Enable entry of hex codes that begin with "0x" for both GPT and MBR 342 partitions. 343 344 - Fixed bug that caused the boot loader code to be lost when creating a 345 hybrid MBR. 346 347 - Fixed bug in sector input code that could produce improper values 348 if the user inputs ridiculously large "+" values. 349 350 0.7.1 (3/21/2011): 351 ------------------ 352 353 - Added support for proper UTF-16LE partition names rather than the 354 "shortcut" that properly encoded only ASCII names. This support works 355 only in Linux, FreeBSD, and OS X, though, at least for the moment. 356 Although it's possible to compile this support into Windows when using 357 Visual C++, it doesn't seem to work properly. Since using this feature 358 would require distributing the ICU libraries with the Windows binary, 359 thus bloating the binary package's size to no effect, I've disabled it in 360 my standard Windows build, at least for now. 361 362 - Added check to fixparts to keep it from operating on devices that 363 lack an existing MBR signature. (In 0.7.0, it could write an empty 364 MBR data structure to a device on which it was mistakenly launched.) 365 366 - Fixed bug that caused the protective MBR to not be written when 367 restoring a backup of the GPT data. 368 369 - Fixed bug that caused second protective MBR partition, when created 370 as part of a hybrid MBR, to always be of type 0xEE, even when the 371 user specified something else. 372 373 - Integrated a number of code cleanups contributed by Florian Zumbiehl. 374 375 0.7.0 (3/11/2011): 376 ------------------ 377 378 - Fixed bug that caused some types of logical partitions to be misread. 379 380 - Created FixParts program, to fix problems on MBR-partitioned disks. 381 Although this program is part of the GPT fdisk family, it is NOT used on 382 GPT disks. 383 384 - Completely redid the GPT-to-MBR code, used both for converting to MBR 385 form and for creating hybrid MBRs. 386 387 - Fixed a bug that caused gdisk to "forget" some partitions if there were 388 numbering gaps when a conversion to MBR was aborted. 389 390 - Improved CHS value creation on small (<~8GB) disks for protective MBR 391 and when creating hybrid MBRs or converting to MBR format. Linux-only, 392 for the moment; other platforms still produce bad CHS values on sub-~8GB 393 disks (but few OSes care these days). 394 395 - Enhanced disk replication features ('u' on the experts' menu in gdisk; -R 396 or --replicate in sgdisk). It's now possible to replicate the partition 397 table from a larger to a smaller disk, so long as all the partitions fit 398 on the smaller disk. In sgdisk, the secondary GPT data are moved 399 automatically if disk sizes don't match. In gdisk, the secondary GPT data 400 are moved automatically if the target disk is smaller than the source 401 disk; if the target disk is larger than the source disk, the user is 402 given the option of making this adjustment. 403 404 - Fixed --load-backup (-l) option to sgdisk, which was broken. 405 406 - Changed largest drive that's not given a minimum 4 KiB alignment even 407 when smaller alignment is detected on the disk to 300 GB. 408 409 - Fixed bug that prevented aborting a partition table backup ('u' on the 410 experts' menu) by hitting the Enter key for the device filename. 411 412 - Implemented a number of code cleanups provided by Florian Zumbiehl. 413 414 0.6.14 (1/8/2011): 415 ------------------ 416 417 - Made small change to the way the start sector is interpreted if you use a 418 "+" specification, as in "+2G" to locate a partition 2 GiB into the 419 default range. This change makes adjustments for sector alignment less 420 likely. 421 422 - Modified sgdisk's -n (--new) option to work with relative start and end 423 values (which the man page incorrectly stated it already did). Values of 424 0 for the start and end sectors refer to the first and last available 425 sectors in the largest free block, and a partition number of 0 refers to 426 the first available partition. 427 428 - Added ChromeOS GUID values to list of recognized partition type GUIDs. 429 7F00 = ChromeOS kernel, 7501 = ChromeOS root, 7502 = ChromeOS reserved. 430 Untested on actual ChromeOS system. 431 432 - Tweaked APM detection to look for APM signature even if an MBR 433 signature has already been found. Helps in diagnosis of cases 434 in which an MBR has overwritten an APM disk. 435 436 0.6.13 (10/12/2010): 437 -------------------- 438 439 - Added notification about nonexistent partitions to hybrid MBR creation 440 in gdisk. 441 442 - Fixed bug in GPT-to-MBR conversion that could sometimes enable creation 443 of an extended partition that overlaps a preceding partition. 444 445 - Fixed bug in GPT-to-MBR conversion that prevented creation of an MBR 446 table with logical partitions if there were four or fewer partitions. 447 448 0.6.12 (10/7/2010): 449 ------------------- 450 451 - Adjusted alignment code to use 1 MiB alignment by default for drives with 452 other than 512-byte sector sizes. (Previous versions increased this -- 453 for instance, to 4 MiB for drives with 2048-byte logical sector size.) 454 455 - Entry of non-hexadecimal value for partition type code now causes 456 re-prompting for a new value, fixing a recently-introduced minor bug. 457 458 - Fixed bug in sector entry using K/M/G/T/P suffixes on disks with 459 other-than-512-byte sector numbers. 460 461 - Added "P" (PiB, pebibyte) suffix to suffixes accepted in entering 462 partition sizes. 463 464 - Fixed bug that caused sgdisk to segfault if fed the (invalid) 465 "-A show" parameter. Now it terminates with a complaint about an invalid 466 partition number 0. 467 468 - Removed warning when running on big-endian hardware, since this 469 support has been present for quite a while with no bug reports. 470 471 0.6.11 (9/25/2010): 472 ------------------- 473 474 - Added -F (--first-aligned-in-largest) option to sgdisk. This option is a 475 variant on -f (--first-in-largest); it returns the number of the first 476 sector that will be used in the largest free area, given the current 477 alignment value (set via -a/--set-alignment). 478 479 - Streamlined GUID code entry in gdisk; it no longer offers the option 480 to enter GUIDs in separate segments. 481 482 - The -t option to sgdisk now accepts GUID values as well as the 483 sgdisk/gdisk-specific two-byte hex codes. 484 485 - Added check that the protective 0xEE MBR partition begins on sector 1 486 to the verify function. If it doesn't, a warning message is displayed, 487 but it doesn't count as an error. 488 489 - Added check for overlapping MBR partitions to verify function (gdisk "v" 490 function on all menus; sgdisk -v/--verify function). Also warns about 491 multiple MBR 0xEE partitions (causes problems in some OSes). 492 493 - Added check to GPT-to-MBR and hybrid MBR creation options to prevent 494 creation of disks with duplicate partitions. When told to create a disk 495 with duplicates, sgdisk now aborts with the error message "Problem 496 creating MBR!" When attempting to create a hybrid MBR with duplicates, 497 gdisk silently drops duplicate partitions, leaving fewer than requested. 498 Creating duplicates should not be possible in sgdisk when converting to 499 MBR form. 500 501 0.6.10 (8/22/2010): 502 ------------------- 503 504 - Enable disk-wipe (-z and -Z) and verification (-v) operations in 505 sgdisk even if the disk is badly damaged. 506 507 - Added support for setting attributes in sgdisk (-A/--attributes option) 508 in sgdisk. 509 510 - Fixed bug that created backwards attribute field values (bit #2 was 511 entered as bit #61, etc.). 512 513 - Fixed bug that caused creation of hybrid MBR to wipe out the MBR's boot 514 code. 515 516 - Added ability to save partition table from one device to another (gdisk: 517 'u' on experts' menu; sgdisk: -R or --replicate option). 518 519 - Fixed inaccessible -C/--recompute-chs option in sgdisk. 520 521 0.6.9 (7/4/2010): 522 ------------------ 523 524 - Fixed minor error in sgdisk man page (--largest-new option requires 525 a partition number). 526 527 - Fixed major bug in hybrid MBR creation, which caused incorrect 528 protective partition end point settings and occasionally other 529 problems. 530 531 0.6.8 (5/23/2010): 532 ------------------ 533 534 - Added tests to see if the file to be opened is a directory, character 535 device, FIFO, or socket; program now terminates if any of these 536 conditions is met. (Linux/FreeBSD/OS X only.) Thanks to Justin Maggard 537 for this patch. 538 539 - Added 'f' option on gdisk's experts' menu (-G/--randomize-guids in 540 sgdisk). This option randomizes the disk's GUID and all partitions' 541 GUIDs. Intended for use after cloning a disk with a utility that copies 542 the GUIDs intact (such as a raw dd copy) if you want each disk copy to 543 have its own set of GUIDs. 544 545 - Added -u/--partition-guid and -U/--disk-guid options to sgdisk. These are 546 the equivalents of the 'g' and 'c' options, respectively, on the gdisk 547 experts' menu: They enable adjusting an individual partition's GUID or a 548 disk's GUID. The GUID may be either a fully specified GUID value or 'R' 549 or 'r' to set a random GUID value. 550 551 - Fixed compile problem for FreeBSD (its math library lacks a log2() 552 function). Also created separate Makefile.freebsd with a couple of 553 FreeBSD-specific options. 554 555 - Added -N (--largest-new) command to sgdisk. This command creates a single 556 partition that fills the largest single unpartitioned block of space on 557 the disk. 558 559 - Fixed sgdisk man page error: the --change-name option was incorrectly 560 listed as --change. 561 562 - Added 'h' option to gdisk experts' menu (-C or --recompute-chs in sgdisk) 563 to recompute all protective/hybrid MBR CHS values. This option is 564 intended to work around a bug in at least one BIOS that prevents the 565 computer from booting when the GPT-mandated (but technically illegal) 566 0xFFFFFF CHS value is used as the end point for a protective MBR. The 567 recomputed values will be legal (e.g., 0xFEFFFF instead of 0xFFFFFF), 568 but incorrect in GPT terms, and will therefore enable at least one 569 BIOS to boot with a GPT disk. See http://www.rodsbooks.com/gdisk/bios.html 570 for all I know about BIOS/GPT incompatibilities. 571 572 0.6.7 (5/1/2010): 573 ----------------- 574 575 - Undid earlier change, with version 0.6.4, that wiped the MBR boot loader 576 when doing MBR-to-GPT conversions. I've now become skeptical that MBR 577 boot loaders were causing any real problems on GPT disks, so I'm going 578 back to the philosophy of leaving as much alone as possible. 579 580 - Fixed bug that caused incorrect reporting of free space on 0-size disks 581 (e.g., files of 0 length passed as disk images). 582 583 - Fixed bug that caused segfault on some invalid disks 584 585 - Fixed bug that caused incorrect partition numbers to be displayed for 586 some verify problems. 587 588 589 0.6.6 (3/21/2010): 590 ----------------- 591 592 - Added support for the "no block IO protocol" (referred to as "hide from 593 EFI" in GPT fdisk) and "legacy BIOS bootable" attribute bits. See Table 594 19 of the UEFI 2.3 specification (p. 153) for details. 595 596 - Changed the sequence in which GPT data structures are written to disk; 597 backups are now written first, followed by the main structures. This is 598 as recommended in the UEFI 2.3 specification, since it's safer in the 599 extremely unlikely event that a RAID array's size is increased and 600 there's a power outage mid-write. (If the main structures are written 601 first in this case, they'll point to data that's not yet been written; 602 but by writing the backups first, the old main structures will still 603 point to the valid old backup structures.) 604 605 - Protective MBRs now have disk signatures of 0x00000000, to better 606 conform with GPT as described in the UEFI 2.3 specification. 607 608 - Added alignment information to the summary data produced by the 609 'p' main-menu option in gdisk or the -p option to sgdisk. 610 611 - More alignment changes: GPT fdisk now attempts to determine the alignment 612 value based on alignment of current partitions, if any are defined. If no 613 partitions are defined, a default value of 2048 is set. If the computed 614 value is less than 8 on drives over about 596GiB, it's reset to 8, since 615 the drive might be a WD Advanced Format unit that requires an 8-sector 616 (or larger power-of-2) alignment value for best performance. The 617 2048-sector default provides better alignment in some RAID 618 configurations. 619 620 - Changed behavior when a backup restore fails. Previously, GPT fdisk 621 would create a fresh blank set of partitions. Now it does so only 622 if the failure occurs when interpreting the backup's contents; if the 623 user typed the wrong filename, the in-memory data structures aren't 624 touched. 625 626 627 0.6.5 (3/7/2010): 628 ----------------- 629 630 - Added tests to verify ('v') function and to pre-save checks to look for 631 partitions that end before they begin or that are too big for their 632 disks. 633 634 - Fixed a bug that could cause spurious data to appear in a grown partition 635 table. 636 637 - Added ability to convert some or all partitions to logical partitions in 638 GPT-to-MBR conversion. This feature is limited by the fact that at least 639 one free sector must exist immediately prior to each logical partition, 640 so it won't do much good if partitions are crammed together. It should be 641 possible to convert back to MBR any disk that started that way, provided 642 no partitions were added or resized when the disk was in GPT form; and 643 disks that were partitioned with Apple's Disk Utility or other tools that 644 insert unpartitioned space should also be convertible. CAUTION: THE 645 LOGICAL PARTITION CREATION FEATURE DOESN'T TRY TO ALIGN PARTITIONS OR 646 PARTITION HEADER DATA TO CYLINDER BOUNDARIES! It's conceivable that some 647 older OSes or utilities will object to these disks, although Linux, OS X, 648 Windows Vista, and Windows 7 all seem happy with them. 649 650 - Fixed bug that caused creation of 0-length file if an incorrect device 651 filename was typed. 652 653 - The gdisk program now prompts for a device filename if it's called with 654 no options. This enables gdisk to do something useful if it's launched by 655 double-clicking its icon in a GUI environment. 656 657 - Added workaround for bug in some versions of MinGW that caused the 658 program to garble input sector numbers. 659 660 - The Windows version now works on disks with over-512-byte sectors. 661 Tested on a magneto-optical (MO) drive with 2048-byte sectors. 662 663 - Added -D (--display-alignment) option to sgdisk, to display sector 664 alignment value (by default, 1 for sub-800GiB disks and 8 for disks 665 over that size). 666 667 - Fixed bug in computation of CHS geometries for protective MBR. This is 668 non-critical, since most modern utilities ignore the CHS geometries. 669 Concerned users can use the 'n' option on the experts' menu to build new 670 protective MBRs with the new algorithm, if desired. (Note that GNU 671 Parted, at least, gets this wrong, too.) 672 673 - Fixed memory-allocation bug when reading GPT disks with partition tables 674 with over 128 entries; could cause program to crash on startup. 675 676 0.6.4-2 (2/20/2010): 677 -------------------- 678 679 Note: Neither of the following changes affects actual program code, so I've 680 left the version number in the program at 0.6.4. 681 682 - Altered Makefile to pass user's compiler and linker environment 683 variables through. 684 685 - Added #include to gpttext.cc to enable it to compile on the latest 686 GCC versions (it was failing on at least some 4.4.x compilers). 687 688 0.6.4 (2/19/2010): 689 ------------------- 690 691 - Added -m (--gpttombr) option to sgdisk, enabling conversion of GPT 692 disks to MBR format, with a limit of four partitions total, and of course 693 without overcoming the 2TiB limit. 694 695 - Added -h (--hybrid) option to sgdisk, enabling creation of hybrid 696 MBRs. Fewer options are available in sgdisk than in gdisk, though, 697 in order to keep the user interface manageable. 698 699 - Fixed off-by-one bug in specification of partition when using the 700 -T (--transform-bsd) option in sgdisk. 701 702 - Changed the code to create a new MBR unique disk signature whenever a new 703 protective MBR is generated (when doing an MBR-to-GPT conversion, when 704 using the 'n' option on the experts' menu, or when using the 'o' option 705 on the main menu, for example). Previous versions attempted to preserve 706 the existing MBR disk signature in most cases, but this resulted in 707 values of 0x00000000 whenever an empty disk was partitioned, and often in 708 other cases, too. Better to risk changing this value too often than to 709 leave multiple disks with 0x00000000 values, I think. 710 711 - Added transpose ('t' on experts' menu in gdisk; or -r or --transpose in 712 sgdisk) command to enable fine-tuning partition order without doing a 713 full sort. 714 715 - Added code to clear the MBR boot loader when doing an MBR-to-GPT 716 conversion. (This was already done in full-disk BSD-to-GPT conversions.) 717 This is done because I've seen a few problem reports that make me think 718 some MBR boot loaders freak out and hang the system when they encounter 719 GPT disks, and/or they attempt to load a second-stage boot loader stored 720 in what is now GPT territory, causing a system hang. Since MBR boot 721 loaders don't work on GPT disks anyhow (even GRUB needs to be 722 reinstalled), this new wiping behavior shouldn't cause any problems, and 723 may prevent a few. 724 725 - Fixed bug in Windows version that prevented saving backup files. 726 727 - Fixed bug that caused second and subsequent partition numbers in 728 prompts in hybrid MBR conversion procedure to be displayed in 729 hexadecimal. 730 731 - Fixed very obscure potential bug in hybrid MBR/GPT synchronization when 732 deleting partitions; code wasn't matching partition lengths correctly, 733 which would only affect partitions that start at the same point but have 734 different lengths in MBR vs. GPT. 735 736 - Fixed bug in the -E option to sgdisk; it was actually returning the 737 last free sector, not the last free sector in the largest free block. 738 739 - Fixed bug in -t option to sgdisk; it was corrupting partition type 740 codes. 741 742 - Fixed minor alignment bug in partition summary list ('p' from any menu) 743 when partition sizes are between 1000 and 1024 units. 744 745 - Backup restore function ('l' on recovery & transformation menu) now 746 accepts both backups generated by GPT fdisk and backups created by a 747 direct copy (via dd, etc.) of the MBR, main GPT header, and main GPT 748 partition table, in that order. ("dd if=/dev/sda of=backup.gpt bs=512 749 count=34" will do this on Linux for a disk with a typical-sized GPT table 750 of 128 entries.) 751 752 0.6.3 (2/3/2010): 753 ------------------ 754 755 - Fixed serious data corruption bug on big-endian (PowerPC and similar) 756 systems. 757 758 - Changed several GPT fdisk Solaris type codes to correct a duplicate 759 760 - Corrected error in GPT fdisk type codes for NetBSD LFS and NetBSD RAID; 761 they were identical, but I've now changed NetBSD RAID to A906, which 762 is unique. 763 764 - Added GUID for IBM General Parallel File System (GPFS) partition type 765 code. Somewhat arbitrarily set it to use the 7501 number (MBR code 0x75 766 is used by IBM PC/IX, so it's at least the right company, by my loose 767 numbering rules....). 768 769 - Improved GUID generation. Prior versions generated completely random 770 numbers for GUIDs. This works, but is technically a violation of the 771 spec. Unix versions now employ libuuid to generate GUIDs in a more 772 correct way. The Windows version still generates random numbers, though. 773 774 - Turned PartTypes class into a derived class of GUIDData, and renamed 775 it to PartType. 776 777 - Created new GUIDData class, to replace the original GUIDData struct. 778 779 0.6.2 (1/29/2010): 780 ------------------ 781 782 - The change-type ('t' on main menu) option now changes the partition's 783 name *IF* the current name is the generic one for the partition type. 784 If the current name is not the generic name, it is NOT changed. 785 786 - Fixed bug that caused new protective MBR to not be created when the 787 MBR was invalid and the GPT was damaged and the user opts to try to 788 use the GPT data. 789 790 - Enabled default partition type code of 0700 when creating partitions 791 or changing their type codes. (Type 0700, Linux/Windows data, is set if 792 the user hits the Enter key alone.) 793 794 - Fixed bug in sort ('s' on main menu) option that caused partition 795 numbers to begin at more than 1 if the original partition list had 796 too many empty partitions before the last one defined. 797 798 - Improved code to determine which partition table to load in case of 799 CRC mismatches between the partition tables and the stored CRC values 800 in the headers. 801 802 - Compiles using MinGW (http://www.mingw.org) to create a Windows binary. 803 804 - Moved all disk I/O functions to the new DiskIO class. This helps with the 805 Windows port; it uses diskio-windows.cc for Windows-specific code, 806 diskio-unix.cc for the Linux, FreeBSD, and OS X code, and diskio.cc for 807 cross-platform disk I/O code. 808 809 - Changed BSD disklabel detection code to be more correct (I think). 810 This change has no effect on my test disks, but I hope it'll work 811 better on disks with sector sizes other than 512 or 2048. 812 813 0.6.1 (1/20/2010): 814 ------------------ 815 816 - Fixed bug that returned incorrect disk size on 32-bit versions of 817 FreeBSD. 818 819 - Fixed bug that prevented FreeBSD version from working on disk image 820 files. 821 822 - Fixed bug that caused BSD disklabel conversion to fail. 823 824 0.6.0 (1/15/2010): 825 ------------------ 826 827 - Fixed bug that caused the convert to MBR function to fail. 828 829 - Added support for disks with other than 512-byte sectors. 830 831 - Created embryonic sgdisk program. 832 833 - Fixed bug that caused relative sector numbers entered by users (e.g, 834 "+128M") to be misinterpreted as from the start of the range rather than 835 from the default value. 836 837 0.5.3 (1/4/2010): 838 ----------------- 839 840 - Fixed bug in display of GUIDs when compiled with some versions of GCC. 841 842 - Eliminated warnings caused by additional checks in latest versions of 843 GCC. These warnings were harmless, but to eliminate them I've added 844 more error checking on disk I/O. 845 846 - Eliminated unnecessary warnings about potential data loss if the program 847 was launched with the -l option or if writes aren't possible. 848 849 - Added code to set the partition boundary value based on the physical 850 sector size. (FindAlignment() function.) This function, however, works 851 only on Linux, and then only if the BLKPBSZGET ioctl is defined. This 852 ioctl is new in kernel 2.6.32 or thereabouts. 853 854 0.5.2 (12/31/2009): 855 ------------------- 856 857 - Modified partition creation function to begin partitions on 8-sector 858 boundaries by default. This improves performance on the new Western 859 Digital Advanced Format drives. The new 'd' and 'l' options on the 860 experts' menu display and change, respectively, the boundary size. 861 862 - Tweaked code to produce fewer warnings on the latest versions of 863 GCC. 864 865 0.5.1: 866 ------ 867 868 - Made some minor edits to the man page. 869 870 - Incorporated RPM .spec file changes contributed by Scott Collier 871 (boodle11 (a] gmail.com). 872 873 - Changed method of locating and loading backup GPT data, to use the 874 main header's pointer, if it's valid, rather than seeking to the 875 end of the disk. 876 877 - Added 'e' option (relocate backup GPT data structures) to the experts' 878 menu. 879 880 - Fixed bug that prevented recovery of partitions in case of partially 881 damaged GPT data (bad main and good backup or bad backup and good 882 main header, for instance). 883 884 0.5.0: 885 ------ 886 887 - Added GPT-to-MBR conversion function. It's very limited, but potentially 888 useful in some cases. 889 890 - Fixed bug that caused incorrect file sizes to be reported on 32-bit 891 Linux, thus causing problems when editing partition tables in disk images 892 or when loading GPT backup files. 893 894 - Fixed bug that caused bogus CRC error reports when loading backup GPT 895 data. 896 897 - Reorganized menus. There are now three: the main menu, the experts' menu, 898 and the recovery & transformation menu. The last of these has most of the 899 items that had been on the earlier versions' experts' menu. 900 901 - Added ability to re-load the MBR and generate a fresh GPT from it. This 902 is normally identical to quitting and re-running the program, but it 903 could be handy if, say, the GPT partitions on a hybrid configuration are 904 badly messed up; this will enable using the hybridized partitions as the 905 starting point for a new GPT setup. 906 907 - The program now generates CHS values for hybrid and GPT-to-MBR conversion 908 MBRs. For the moment, the assumption is the maximum number of heads and 909 sectors per track (255 and 63, respectively), although the bulk of the 910 code supports other values -- it'd just be awkward to enter the data in 911 the user interface. 912 913 - Fixed minor display bug that caused number of sectors on the disk to be 914 shown as 0 on large disks when running 32-bit binaries. 915 916 - Reverted 0.4.2's zap (destroy GPT) changes, since I don't want to wipe 917 out a valid MBR if the user created that MBR over an older GPT without 918 first properly wiping out the GPT, and the user now wants to wipe out 919 the GPT. 920 921 - Reformatted and edited the man page. Aside from edits related to the 922 preceding program changes, I've altered the markup slightly and trimmed 923 much of the more tutorial information from the man page to better 924 conform to typical terse man page style. 925 926 0.4.2: 927 ------ 928 929 - Code cleanup. 930 931 - Fixed very small formatting bug in display of hex code when a match isn't 932 found when converting from an MBR/gdisk hex code to a GUID type code. 933 934 - Added the ability to work on disk image files (raw files for virtual 935 machines, backup images, etc.). The program assumes that all such disk 936 image files have 512-byte sectors. 937 938 - Added verification prompt to 'o' main-menu option to avoid accidental 939 erasures of all partitions. 940 941 - The "destroy GPT data structures" option ('z' on the experts' menu) now 942 also destroys all EFI GPT (0xEE) partitions in the MBR. 943 944 - Added an extra warning to the "destroy GPT data structures" option if an APM 945 or BSD disklabel was detected on the disk. 946 947 - Added a buffer flush after destroying GPT data structures, to get the OS 948 to read the new (empty or MBR-only) partition table. 949 950 - Fixed bug that allowed entry of nonexistent partition numbers when creating 951 a hybrid MBR. 952 953 0.4.1: 954 ------ 955 956 - Code cleanup/re-organization 957 958 - Partition creation function ('n' on main menu) now uses the start of the 959 largest available chunk of free space rather than the first available 960 sector as the default starting sector number. This should enable easier 961 partition creation if there are small bits of free space on the disk. 962 963 - You can now specify the end point of a partition by using a minus sign, 964 in which case the end point is the default value minus the specified 965 size. For instance, "-200M" creates a partition that ends 200MiB before 966 the default end point. 967 968 - You can now specify the start point of a partition by using a plus or 969 minus sign, in which case the start point is the specified distance from 970 the start (+) or end (-) of free space. This is exactly the same as the 971 new rules for entry of the end point, except that the default value is 972 set differently. 973 974 - Deleting a partition now checks for a matching hybrid MBR partition, and 975 if one is found, it's deleted. Any empty space that then surrounds the 976 0xEE (EFI GPT) MBR partitions is then added to the nearby 0xEE partition. 977 If no non-0xEE partitions are left, a fresh protective MBR is generated. 978 979 - Added hybrid MBR consistency check to the verify ('v') option and to 980 pre-write checks. If non-0xEE/non-0x00 MBR partitions without 981 corresponding GPT partitions are found, the user is warned. This finding 982 does NOT prevent writing the partition table, though. 983 984 - Added non-destructive write test when opening the device file, in order 985 to detect the problem with FreeBSD being unable to write to disks with 986 mounted partitions (or other potential problems). 987 988 0.4.0: 989 ------ 990 991 - Added support for BSD disklabels. The program can now convert disks that 992 use "raw" disklabels, with the caveat that the first partition will 993 almost certainly need to be deleted because it'll overlap the main GPT 994 header; and convert disklabels contained within a GPT (or a former MBR, 995 converted to GPT) partition. In the latter case, the 'b' main menu option 996 is used. 997 998 - Added support for compiling on FreeBSD. 999 1000 - Fixed bug that could cause crashes or incomplete sorts when sorting 1001 the partition table. 1002 1003 - New partitions, including converted ones, now take on the name of the 1004 partition type as a default name. 1005 1006 - Reorganized some code; created a separate C++ class for GPT partitions 1007 (GPTPart), which replaced a struct and enabled moving code from the 1008 bloated GPTData class into GPTPart. 1009 1010 - Fixed a bug that produced spurious warnings about unknown sector sizes 1011 when loading a backup file. 1012 1013 0.3.5: 1014 ------ 1015 1016 Note: This version was not officially publicly released; I wanted to test 1017 the big-endian support while developing 0.4.0. 1018 1019 - Tweaked the disk type identification code to warn users to re-sync their 1020 hybrid MBRs when one is detected. 1021 1022 - Tweaked MBR-reading code to ignore 0xEE (EFI GPT) partitions. This will 1023 only have an effect on a poorly partitioned MBR disk that contains an 1024 inappropriate EFI GPT partition, or when attempting to recover a 1025 corrupted disk by using the hybrid MBR for data recovery. 1026 1027 - Added big-endian (PowerPC, etc.) support! 1028 1029 - Added code to identify and warn of the presence of an Apple Partition 1030 Map (APM) on the disk. 1031 1032 - Enabled MBR conversion code to handle multiple logical partitions. 1033 1034 0.3.4: 1035 ------ 1036 1037 - Fixed bug that enabled (possibly accidental) entry of MBR type codes of 1038 0x00 in GPTData::MakeHybrid(). The fix also enables entry of default 1039 type code by pressing the Enter key when prompted. Applied a similar 1040 fix to the entry of the type code for the second protective partition, 1041 if one is used. 1042 1043 - Fixed a typo: "sectors" was spelled "sectprs" in one spot! 1044 1045 - Fixed bug that caused default entry for end sector to be refused if an 1046 initial value using a plus sign (e.g., "+20G") was also refused. 1047 1048 0.3.3: 1049 ------ 1050 1051 - Gave users control over the way MBR partitions are assigned to slots in a 1052 hybrid MBR setup; the original method (putting the 0xEE partition after 1053 the real partitions) works well for non-boot disks, but both GRUB and 1054 GRUB2 become confused by this type of setup, so it needs changing. 1055 1056 - Changed "blocks" to "sectors" in GPT and MBR table displays. 1057 1058 - Added "Boot" column to MBR table display; shows an asterisk (*) when the 1059 partition's status is bootable. 1060 1061 0.3.2: 1062 ------ 1063 1064 - Changed __DARWIN_UNIX03 to __APPLE__ as code to enable MacOS X support. 1065 1066 - Added the ability to create a hybrid MBR ('h' on experts' menu). This was 1067 motivated by my discovery that Windows 7 remains brain-dead when it comes 1068 to the ability to boot from a GPT disk, at least on BIOS-based machines. 1069 1070 - Added 'z' option to experts' menu, to destroy GPT data structures and 1071 exit. The intent is to use this feature to enable subsequent partitioning 1072 of the disk using fdisk or other GPT-unaware tools. (GNU Parted will wipe 1073 the GPT data structures itself when you create a new MBR ["msdos 1074 disklabel," in Parted parlance], so using Parted is another option.) 1075 1076 - Slightly altered the effect of the 'o' command on the main menu. It now 1077 blanks out the protective MBR, as well as the GPT data. 1078 1079 0.3.1: 1080 ------ 1081 1082 - Added Mac OS X support, provided as a patch by David Hubbard 1083 (david.c.hubbard (a] gmail.com). 1084 1085 - Fixed bug in disksize() function on Mac OS. (Possibly dependent on the 1086 kernel and/or GCC version.) The disk size, of type uint64_t, was not 1087 being passed correctly, so I reorganized the function to return it as 1088 the function's return value rather than as a parameter. This seems to 1089 work OK on my Mac OS test system and on both 32- and 64-bit Linux 1090 systems. 1091 1092 - Fixed off-by-one bug in GPTData::FindLastAvailable(). 1093 1094 - Fixed bug that caused display of options after a disk-write error. 1095 1096 - Fixed several incorrect MacOS X partition type GUIDs, thanks to Yves 1097 Blusseau (1otnwmz02 (a] sneakemail.com). 1098 1099 0.3.0: 1100 ------ 1101 1102 - Changed version number to 0.3.0, reflecting the fact that I've received 1103 no significant bug reports and so am elevating the program to "beta" 1104 status. This change also entailed altering the warning the program 1105 displays when saving partition table changes. 1106 1107 - Fixed minor bug in CHS geometry of the protective MBR's type EE partition 1108 (was producing 0x000200 as the start value, but should be 0x000100). 1109 Should be a non-critical bug since the protective MBR partition 1110 definition is only there to keep MBR-only disk utilities from messing 1111 with the disk. 1112 1113 - Added ability to enter GUIDs as single massive strings rather than in 1114 chunks. 1115 1116 0.2.2: 1117 ------ 1118 1119 - Added #include directives required to compile the program using GCC 1120 4.4.0. 1121 1122 0.2.1: 1123 ------ 1124 1125 - Fixed partition numbering problem in reports of partition overlaps in 1126 verification function. 1127 1128 - Fixed 1-sector partition size problem when creating new partitions 1129 (partitions were 1 sector too big when using the +size option). 1130 1131 - Changed BytesToSI() to display values in bytes without decimal points 1132 (e.g., "512 bytes" rather than "512.0 bytes"). 1133 1134 - Added GPTData class member functions to retrieve GPT data structure 1135 locations on disk; used in my internal-use-only GPT-wiping program. 1136 1137 - Eliminated the "a reboot is recommended" notice after writing the 1138 partition table. 1139 1140 - Added notice after sorting the partition table to the effect that 1141 editing /etc/fstab and/or the boot loader files may be required. 1142 1143 - Fixed bug in MBR-reading function that caused 0x0f (Win95 LBA) and 0x85 1144 (Linux extended) extended partitions to not be read. 1145 1146 - Fixed bug in GetLastSector() (in support.cc) that would have prevented 1147 correct user entry of over-32-bit sector numbers on 32-bit systems. 1148 1149 - Made some changes/corrections to the partition type list in 1150 parttypes.cc. Most of these were based on newly-discovered MBR type 1151 codes for Apple (Mac OS X) filesystems. 1152 1153 - General code cleanup (setting explicit casts, etc.) 1154 1155 0.2.0: 1156 ------ 1157 1158 - Initial semi-public release 1159
